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    5 TV XG 3 HOO08 C

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    Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru Ae" MINN 97 ii rT AS | Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru Daftar Isi Prakata ..... Bab 1 Syarat-Syarat ... Bab2 Pengertian Kalimat. Bab 3 Pronouns ... Bab 4 Jenis dan Subjek Kalimat serta Bentuk Waktu ... Bab 5 Simple Present Tense .... Bab 6 Penggunaan To Be dalam Present Tense ... Bab7 ‘Simple Past Tens Bab 8 Penggunaan Was dan Were dalam Past Tense .. Bab 9 Present Continuous Tense ... Bab 10 Simple Future Tense . Bab 114 Penggunaan Be dalam Future Tense ....:.c0.ccuesesunesttctttnietiinesi OM Bab 12 Perfect Tense ... Bab 13 Penggunaan Been dalam Present Perfect Tense.... aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru Pengertian Kalimat aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggrls Tanpa Guru Bab3 Pronouns aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 1 Reflexive Pronouns = We did the cooking ourselves. Kami sendiri yang memasak. Mereka = they Subjective Pronouns = They leave from Jerusalem. Mereka berangkat dari Yerusalem. Complement Pronouns = We plan to visit them. Kami bermaksud mengunjungi mereka. Possessive Adjectives = Those children are old for their years. ‘Anak-anak itu tampaknya tua untuk umur mereka. Possessive Pronouns = {s that drugstore theirs? Apakah apotek itu kepunyaan mereka? Reflexive Pronouns = They always fight among themselves. Mereka selalu bertengkar di antara mereka sendiri. Kelimat behasa Inggrisharus ‘mempunyai verba, meskipun tidak menerangkan tindakan pekerjaan. Selain itu, pronomina bahasa nggris berubah bentuk ‘mengikuti posisi dan fungsinya. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa inggris Tanpa Guru 15 Kalimat dengan verba aktif adalah kalimat yang subjeknya melakukan tindakan pekerjaan terhadap objeknya. Contoh: © They severely criticized me. Mereka mengecam saya habis-habisan. © Lasked him the time. ‘Saya bertanya pukul berapa kepadanya. This valve regulates the gas intake. Katup ini mengatur masuknya gas. Sebaliknya, kalimat dengan kata kerja pasif adalah kalimat yang subjeknya dikenai pekerjaan oleh objeknya. Contoh: * was severely criticized by them. Saya dikecam habis-habisan oleh mereka. © was asked by him the time. Saya ditanyai pukul berapa olehnya. © The gas intake is regulated by this valve. Masuknya gas diatur oleh katup ini, Lebih lanjut lagi, kalimat dengan verba pasif akan dipelajari pada bagian tersendiri. Coba jelaskan lagi. Baik. Kembali pada kalimat yang menggunakan kata kerja. Kalimat ini adalah kalimat yang di dalamnya terdapat kata kerja. Sebaliknya, kalimat yang tidak menggunakan kata kerja adalah kalimat yang di dalamnya tidak terdapat kata kerja, melainkan hanya terdapat kata kerja bantu to be, yaitu am, are, is, dan be. Kata kerja bantu tersebut tidak menunjuk pada suatu tindakan pekerjaan, tetapi hanya menunjukkan bahwa sesuatu itu “ada”, Oleh karena itu, umumnya verba ini cukup diartikan ada atau adalah, atau bahkan tidak perlu diterjemahkan sama sekali. Saya ulangi sexali lagi. Agar pada saat menyusun kalimat bahasa Inggris ‘Anda melakukannya dengan tepat dan benar, pengertian jenis kalimat yang telah di terangkan harus dipahami betul. Selain itu, Anda pun harus memahami pengertian subjek. Terakhir, yang perlu juga dipahami adalah pembagian waktu. Contohnya? Coba perhatikan keterangan berikut mengenai pembagian subjek. a, Orang pertama tunggal = / (saya, aku) b. Orang pertamajamak = we (kami, kita) Orang kedua tunggal = you (kamu, Anda) aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru Bab 5 Simple Present Tense aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 23 Contoh pola kalimat nomor 2 (2), Does he really love you, memakai kata apakah. Terjemahan tepat kata apakah tidak ada dalam bahasa Inggris, tetapi ‘Anda dapat menggunakan verba bantu do atau does sebagai padanannya dan ditempatkan di awal kalimat. Namun, penggunaan verba bantu tersebut harus disesuaikan dengan pasangan subjeknya. Lihatlah keterangan berikut. No. Subjek Apakah... -ntidak/bukan... 1 t do do not o. you do do not 3. he does does not 4. she does does not 5. it does does not 6. nama tunggel does does not me we do do not 8 they do do not 9 nama jamak do do not Berikut ini contoh kalimatnya. a. Do you care for orange juice? ‘Apakah Anda mau air jeruk? b. Do you agree? Apakah Anda setuju? c. Does she live on this block? Apakah ia tinggal di blok ini? . Does this motorcycle consume much gasoline? Apakah sepeda motor ini menghabiskan banyak bensin? 1 do not care. Saya tidak peduli. That shirt does not fit me anymore. Kemeja itu tidak pas lagi pada saya. © Jawaban untuk kalimat dengan pola di atas cukup dengan jawaban pendek. Misalnya, untuk kalimat Do you agree?, bila jawabannya ya, Anda cukup mengucapkan Yes, / do (Ya, saya setuju). Apabila jawabannya tidak, ‘Anda cukup menjawab No, I do not (Tidak, saya tidak setuju). Jadi, jawaban dari kalimat Does she live on this block? Adalah Yes, she does atau No, she does not. Ingat, verba pada pola kalimat nomor 2 (2) ini tidak boleh ditambah s atau es seperti pada pola kalimat nomor 1 (+). aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpo Guru 27 19. @. You come first! Kamu dululah! f. You get out! Pergi kamu! g. Please take a chair! Silakan duduk! h. Please call me at four! Teleponiah saya pada pukul empat! Pola kalimat nomor 8 (-!), Don’t love him sincerely! merupakan bentuk kalimat melarang. Cara membentuk kalimat jenis ini adalah dengan menem- patkan don’t di awal kalimat lalu diikuti verba. Do not atau don’t pada pola ini berarti Jangan... atau Janganiah.... Berikut ini beberapa contoh lain. a. Don't bother these things! Jangan mengganggu barang-barang ini! b. Don’t break your promise! Jangan ingkari janjimu! c. Don’t slam the door! Jangan membanting pintu! d. Don’t touch! Jangan sentuh! @. Don’t mix personal and business affairs! Jangan mencampuradukkan urusan pribadi dan pekerjaan! f. Don't take it seriously! Jangan dianggap serius! Dulu, saya berpikir bahasa Inggris memiliki struktur kalimat yang rumit serta terbalik-balik, dan saya pun berkeyakinan tidak akan mampu menguasainya dalam waktu singkat. Namun, setelah mempelajari pola-pola dari nomor 1 chingga nomor 8, ternyata strukturnya tidak jauh berbeda dengan struktur ba- hasa Indonesia. Ya, benar. Hanya saja, ada beberapa perbedaan kecil. Misalnya: a. Dalam bahasa Inggris, ada perubehan pronomina. b. Ada perbedaan jumlah tunggal dan jamak yang mengakibatkan perubahan ‘suatu ejaan dan pengucapan. cc. Ada bermacam-macam verba bantu yang mengikuti bermacar-macam kata tanya untuk membentuk modus dan sebagai penunjuk waktu, d. Ada kata ingkar not. e. Ada cara unik pada pembentukan kalimat pertanyaan dan penyangkalan. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 31 Penggunaan To Be dalam Present Tense aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 35 Bentuk Lengkap Bentuk Singkat we are we're We are not we aren't you are you're you are not you aren't he is he's, he is not he isn’t sheis she's she is not she isn't itis it's itisnot itisn't they are they're they are not they aren't Pola kalimat nomor 4 (-2), isn’t Mr. John a diligent worker?, dapat pula diterjemahkan menjadi Apakah Ta. John bukan pegawai yang rajin? Kalimat tanya menyangkal dibentuk dengan cara menempatkan kata kerja bantu di- tambah not di awal kalimat. Untuk lebih jelas lagi, lihatlah contoh berikut ini a. Isn't it your turn? Bukankah sekarang giliranmu? b. Isn't he a brilliant student? Bukankah dia mahasiswa yang amat pandai? ¢. Aren't you comfortable? Tidakkah Anda senang? 4. Aren't you the author of this novel? Bukankah Saudara pengarang novel ini? Pola kalimat nomor 5 (22), Who is a diligent worker?, memakai kata tanya who (siapa). Sama halnya dengan kalimat Present Tense yang menggunakan kata kerja, kata tanya tidak dapat berdiri sendiri, tetapi harus disertai kata kerja bantu am, are, atau is sehingga menjadi Who am..., Who are..., atau Who is... Namun, ada juga sebagian kata tanya yang dapat berdiri sendiri tanpa harus disertai kata kerja bantu. Pola kalimat nomor 5 merupakan kalimat yang memerlukan jawaban panjang. Berikut ini contoh lainnya. Tanya : Who is a diligent worker? Siapa pegawai yang ralin? aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 39 d. AB What + will (Apa yang akan) What will you do then? ‘Apa yang akan kamu kerjakan kemudian? e. B1_ When + can (Kapankah dapat) When can you come? Kapankah kau dapat datang? f. B38 When + does (Kapankah) When does my turn come around again? Kapankah giliran saya tiba lagi? g. C1 Where + can (Di manakah dapat) Where can | take a bus to Johore? Di mana saya bisa naik bus ke Johor? h. F2 Why + do (Mengapa) Why do you always make fun of me? Mengapa kau selalu mengejek saya? 23. Apakah pola ini merupakan ketentuan yang pasti dan tidak berubah? Saya mengerti maksud Anda. Seperti kenyataan sehari-hari, ada kalanya antara teori dan praktik tidak selaras. Begitu juga ungkapan-ungkapan kalimat. Ungkapan adalah sesuatu yang hidup, berubah, dan fieksibel se- hingga seringkali menyimpang dari rumus, pola, serta kaidah baku suatu tata bahasa. Tujuan saya memberikan pola-pola melalul tabel dan diagram tidak lain agar dapat membantu Anda mempercepat pemahaman struktur kalimat bahasa Inggris. 24, Oh, begitu? Ya. Sekarang, coba kita lanjutkan dengan pola berikutnya. Pola Kalim ya dengan Kata a Kerja Question Word Auxiliary Subject Verb Be Object Adverb 1 2 3 4 5 6 aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 43 « | must leave at six today. Hari ini saya harus berangkat pukul enam. © [must go to the bank. ‘Saya harus pergi ke bank. « You mustn't be here. Kalian tidak boleh di sini. ’ «You mustn't smoke in the classroom. Anda tidak boleh merokok di dalam kelas. * You mustn't tell anyone about this. Kamu tidak boleh menceritakan hal ini kepada siapa pun. d. Will «Will you be angry with me if | don't come? Apakah kamu akan marah kepadaku kalau aku tidak datang? «Will you take it as it is? Apakah Saudara akan menerima sebagaimana adanya? «Will you have any more tea? Mau tehnya lagi? Hf you'll wait here, I'll be right back. Kalau kamu mau menunggu di sini, aku akan segera kembali. * Hil be back at four o'clock. ‘Aku akan kembali pukul empat. «They'll be here tomorrow. Mereka akan kernari besok. « il be home late today, but won't be late tomorrow. Saya akan terlambat pulang hari ini, tetapi saya tidak akan terlambat be- sok. © I won't argue with you. Aku tidak akan berdebat dengan kamu. * The engine won't start. Mesinnya tidak mau hidup. Berikut ini contoh tambahan bentuk kalimat tanya menyangkal dengan kata kerja bantu negatif can’t, mayn’t, musn’t, dan won't. a. Can't you comment on this subject? Apakah kamu tidak bisa mengomentari hal ini? b. Mayn’t they present the play? ‘Apakah mereka tidak boleh menyajikan drama itu? aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 47 © Ilive ina small village in Indonesia. Saya tinggal di sebuah desa kecil di Indonesia. ©. 0 lke to go away in summer. In July, to Poland. Saya ingin bepergian pada musim panas. Pada bulan Juli, ke Polandia. * The regulations go into effect in 1999. Peraturan-peraturan itu mulai berlaku pada tahun 1999. Gunakan on untuk menyatakan letak benda yang bersentuhan pada ‘suatu permukaan. Gunakan pula on untuk menunjukkan hari dan tanggal. Stick a stamp on an envelope. Letakkan perangko pada amplop. « Siton the grass. Duduklah di rumput. © Get back on May the first. Kembalilah pada tanggal satu Mei. © They arrive on Tuesday. Mereka tiba pada hari Selasa. b. Anyone, Someone, Anything, dan Something Anyone dan someone berarti seseorang, sedangkan anything dan something berarti sesuatu. Anyone: Someone: = digunakan untuk orang - digunakan untuk orang Anything: Something: - digunakan untuk benda - digunakan untuk benda ~ dipakai dalam kalimat - dipakei dalam kalimat pertanyaan dan kalimat berita (pernyataan) dan menyangkal. kadang-kadang dalam kalimat pertanyaan. Berikut ini beberapa contoh dalam kalimat. ¢ Do you ask anyone in your class? Apakah kamu bertanya pada seseorang di kelasmu? «I don’t see anyone there. Saya tidak melihat ada seseorang di situ. [need someone to tutor me English. Saya memerlukan seseorang untuk mengajari saya bahasa Inggris. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 51 g. The, A, dan An The, a, dan an termasuk jenis artikel. The disebut artikel tertentu, sedangkan adan an disebut artikel tidak tentu. The dapat berarti ini atau itu. A dan an dapat berarti sebuah, seorang, atau seekor. The A, An - Boleh diikuti benda dapat - Hanya boleh diikuti benda dihitung bentuk tunggal dan dapat dihitung bentuk tung- jamak. gal. - Boleh juga diikutibenda tidak - Gunakana didepan nomina dapat dihitung. berhuruf mati. Gunakan an di depan nomina berhuruf hidup. Berikut ini beberapa contoh dalam kalimat. * Which side of the building do you live on? ‘Anda tinggal di sebelah mana dari gedung itu? The French are famous for their cooking. Orang Perancis terkenal akan masakannya. © Would you pass the salt, please? Tolong berikan saya garam itu. © Ahorse is a quadruped. Kuda adalah hewan berkaki empat. © May | have an apple, please? Bolehkah saya meminta sebuah apel? h. There Are dan There Is There are dan there is artinya ada. There are diikuti benda jamak, sedangkan there is diikuti benda tunggal. Are there...?, Is there...? artinya Apakah ada...? atau Adakah...? There are not dan there is not berarti tidak ada. Berikut ini beberapa contoh dalam kalimat. © There are flles on the cake. Ada lalat di atas kue itu. © Are there any people at home to see me? Apakah ada orang-orang di rumah yang ingin menemuiku? © There are not any cookies left. Tidak ada kue-kue yang tersisa. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 55 Berikut ini beberapa contoh dalam kalimat. a. Mark Anthony and Cleopatra committed suicide in 31 BC. Markus Antonius dan Kleopatra melakukan bunuh diri pada tahun 31 SM. b. She underwent surgery last week. la dioperasi minggu lalu. c. | met him in Manila a month ago. Saya bertemu dia di Manila sebulan yang lalu. 29. Selain adverbia waktu lampau, apa lagi yang menandai Past Tense ini? Begini saja, yang harus Anda ingat adalah gunakan bentuk Past Tense jika Anda ingin menceritakan kejadian yang sudah berialu atau ingin mengung- kapkan pekerjaan yang biasa dilakukan pada masa lampau dan sekarang tidak dilakukan lagi. 30. Bagaimana mengategorikan suatu kejadian sebagai waktu lampau? Beberapa menit yang telah lewat pun termasuk Past Tense. 31. Lalu, menurut Anda, yang memiliki kedudukan penting pada kalimat berwaktu Jampau ini apa? Yang memiliki kedudukan penting tentu saja kata kerja. Sewaktu mengung- kapkan peristiwa atau pekerjaan di masa lampau, ubah kata kerja Present Tense menjadi kata kerja Past Tense. 32. Bagaimana cara mengetahui bahwa jenis kata itu adalah verba Past Tense? Kata kerja Past Tense beraturan ditandai dengan akhiran -ed. Contoh: Past Tense Arti answer answered menjawab ask asked bertanya borrow borrowed meminjam call called memanggil commit committed melakukan hate hated membenci like liked suka listen listened mendengarkan promise promised berjanji ‘study studied belajar ty tried mencoba use used menggunakan visit visited mengunjungi work worked bekerja aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 59 Latihan 3 A. Terjemahkan kalimat berikut ini ke dalam bahasa Inggris yang baik. 1, Th. Abu Wahab akhirnya menjadi seorang milyuner. (+) 2. Dia menjadi sakit. (+) 3. Kami memesan daging sapi panggang, bukan sup tomat. (4) 4, Maat, saya akan menggantinya. (+) 5. Kapankah Abraham Lincoln membebaskan perbudakan? (7?) 6. Badan saya tidak enak tadi malam. (-) 7. Saya harus mengadu nasib di kota. (+) 8. Apakah Anda menyukai film itu? (?) 9. Tidak, saya tidak menyukainya. (-) 10.Saya membeli komputer itu dengan harga murah. (+) B._ Terjemahkan kalimat berikut ini ke dalam bahasa Indonesia yang baik. What did you buy? (??) I bought some food. (+) When did you get married? (77) We got married in 1993. (+) . What time did you get up yesterday morning, Brad? (2?) . What kind of breakfast did you have yesterday morning? (22) . What time did you leave the house? (??) . Left the house at about 7 o'clock. (+) . What time did you get to work yesterday? (2?) 10.Don, did you talk with Mr. Macalister yesterday afternoon? (?) WO MPNAHARYONA aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 63 Penggunaan Was dan Were dalam Past Tense aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 67 boleh berdiri sendiri, tetapi harus diikuti kata kerja bantu dan disusul oleh subjek. Coba Anda perhatikan kalimat tersebut, auxiliary were memberi pe- tunjuk Past Tense. Berikut ini beberapa contoh lain. a. What day was yesterday? Hari apa kemarin? b. Yesterday was Thursday, wasn't it? Kemarin hari Kamis, bukan? Yes, it was. And today is Friday. Ya, Dan hari ini hari Jumat. d. Last month was August, wasn’t it? Bulan yang lalu bulan Agustus, bukan? Yes, it was. Ya. f. Where were you in March and April? Berada di manakah kamu pada bulan Maret dan April? g. | was in East Java. Saya berada di Jawa Timur. h. Where were you on Saturday? Di manakah kamu pada hari Sabtu? i. Iwas at home. Saya ada di rumah. j. You were here in October, weren’t you? Kamu ada di sini pada bulan Oktober, bukan? k. No, I wasn't. | wasn’t here in October. Tidak. Saya tidak ada di sini pada bulan Oktober. |. Where were you during the month of June, John? Kamu ada di mana selama bulan Juni, John? m. | don’t remember where | was. Saya tidak ingat di mana saya berada. 9 » Pola kalimat nomor 6 (-7?), Why weren't you at school yesterday?, meru- pakan bentuk menyangkal dari pola kalimat nomor 5. Kata tanya yang digu- nakan adalah why (mengapa). Kemudian, ada penambahan kata ingkar not pada auxiliary Past Tense berupa were ataupun was yang menyertai kata tanya. Pola kalimat nomor 7 (!), Be at schoo! tomorrow morning!, merupakan ben- tuk kalimat perintah. Cara membentuk kalimat ini adalah dengan menempat- kan kata kerja di awal kalimat. ingat, dalam memerintah harus menggunakan aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 71 What was the temperature here yesterday? (77) . It was about 31 degrees celcius yesterday. (+) Did you go to sleep immediately last night, Mike? (2) Yes. | went to sleep immediately and slept soundly all night. (+) |. Where did you grow up, Amy? (2?) 10.1 lived in Oregon until | was 25. (+) POND Kunci Jawaban Latihan 4 Bagian A 1. What did the doctor say, Abe? Karena sudah ada petunjuk Past Tense, yakni do yang berubah menjadi did, kata kerja say tidak perlu Anda ubah ke dalam Past Tense menjadi said. ._ If | want to be healthy, | have to stop smoking. Berhenti merokok (ada dua kata kerja) tidak boleh diucapkan stop to smoke, karena setelah kata kerja stop harus diikuti kata kerja bentuk -ing (smoking). Kata kerja berakhiran -ing dinamakan gerund, yaitu kata kerja yang dipakai sebagai nomina. Misalnya, | like reading (Saya suka mem- baca), bukan / like to read. . Where were you yesterday afternoon? |. | was at home all afternoon, 3. What time did you go out for lunch yesterday? . Iwent out for lunch at about 12.30 yesterday. Went out bentuk Past Tense dari go out. . Did you get up early, Bob? 8 Yes, | did. Jawaban ya dalam bahasa Inggris tidak boleh hanya yes, tetapi harus diikuti verba. Di sini, verba did sebagai predikat dan / sebagai subjek (jadi, berpola S + P). Karena pertanyaannya memakai did, harus dijawab dengan did juga sehingga menjadi Yes, ! did, bukan Yes, / do. 9. Why were you absent yesterday? 10.1 was absent because | was ill. Perhatikan, kalimat ini memiliki dua verba was karena terdiri dari dua bagian, yaitu induk kalimat dan anak kalimat (saya tidak hadir dan saya sakit). Vp PaaS N aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 75 Pola kalimat nomor 1 (+), ! am waiting for somebody, menggunakan kata kerja bentuk pertama wait for (menunggu). Wait sendiri sudah berarti menunggu dan merupakan kata kerja pertama. Oleh karena itu, kata wait yang ditambah —ing, bukan kata for sehingga menjadi waiting for, bukan wait foring. For adalah preposisi. Banyak sekali kata kerja yang diikuti oleh prepo- sisi dan ini merupakan ciri dari kata kerja bahasa Inggris. Kata kerja seperti dinamakan kata kerja berpreposisi. Preposisi yang berbeda akan menghasil- kan arti kata kerja yang berbeda pula. Misalnya, wait for (menunggu), wait-list (memasukkan ke daftar tunggu), wait on (meladeni), dan wait up (begadang). Somebody berarti seseorang dan khusus digunakan untuk pola kalimat per- nyataan (+). Untuk pola kalimat pertanyaan (?) dan pola kalimat menyangkal (4, Anda harus menggunakan anybody. Pola kalimat nomor 2 (?), Are you waiting for anybody?, menempatkan kata kerja bantu (are) di awal kalimat. Sama halnya dengan kalimat Present Tense tanpa kata kerja, apabila kata kerja bantu am, are, dan is ditempatkan pada awal kalimat, akan terbentuk kata tanya apakah. Lihat beberapa contoh berikut ini. a. Is he working on my car? Apakah dia sedang mengerjakan mobil saya? b, Are you enjoying it? Apakah Anda menyukainya? c. Is he carrying out home improvements? Apakah dia sedang mengadakan perbaikan rumah? d. Are you having a crisis? Apakah Saudara sedang mengalami krisis? @. Isher health improving? Apakah kesehatannya membaik? f. Are they chatting, not working? Apakah mereka sedang bercakap-cakap saja, tidak sedang bekerja? Pola kalimat nomor 3 (-), | am not waiting for anybody, merupakan pola ka- limat menyangkal. Penambahan kata ingkar not di belakang kata kerja bantu am, are, atau is akan membentuk arti tidak atau bukan. Pada pola kalimat nomor 4 (-?), Aren’t you waiting for anybody?, penem- patan kata kerja bantu am, are, atau is yang ditambah kata ingkar not pada awal kalimat akan membentuk kalimat tanya ingkar. Pola kalimat nomor 5 (22), Who are you waiting?, merupakan kalimat tanya dengan kata tanya. Pola ini tetap sama dengan poia-pola yang terdahulu, aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 79 Like Believe Dislike Forget Refuse Prefer Want Remember Hear Know See Realize ‘Smell Owe Notice Own Taste belong to Berikut ini beberapa contoh lain. a. Why do you dislike her so much? Mengapa kamu sangat membenci dia? Bukan: Why are you disliking her so much? b. Your room looks a mess. Kamarmu tampaknya kotor sekali. Bukan: Your room is looking a mess. c. Do you know where they live? Tahukah kamu di mana mereka tinggal? Bukan: Are you knowing where they live? d. He owns a car but rarely drives it. Dia mempunyai sebuah mobil, tetapi jarang dikendarainya. Bukan: He is owning a car but rarely drives it Kalimat berbentuk Continuous Tense dapat pula masuk kelompok Future Tense. Gunakan bentuk Present Tense tanpa kata kerja pada waktu Anda menya- takan tindakan pekerjaan yang sedang berlangsung tanpa kata kerja. Ada sebagian kecil kata kerja yang tidak boleh Anda gunakan ke dalam bentuk Continuous Tense. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru Simple Future Tense 83 aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 87 What time will you see me in the morning? Pukul berapa kamu akan menemuiku besok pagi? Kemungkinan jawabannya bisa seperti ini. I will see you at eight o'clock in the morning. Saya akan menemuimu pada pukul delapan besok pagi. Berikut ini contoh kalimat dengan pola jawaban pendek. Will you see me in the morning? Apakah kamu akan menemuiku besok pagi? Yes, I will. Ya, saya akan menemuimu besok pagi. Jika Anda hendak menjawab tidak, boleh dijawab seperti ini. No, | won't. Tidak, saya tidak akan menemuimu besok pagi. Pola kalimat nomor 6 (-?), Why will not you see me in the morning?, merupakan pola kalimat menyangkal dari pola nomor 5. Cara membentuknya adalah cukup dengan menambahkan kata ingkar not sesudah kata kerja bantu will. b. Intention No. Pola Kalimat BahasaIndonesia _Kalimat Bahasa Inggris 4, (4) Akuakan bertemu kamu 1am going to see you lagi nanti malam. again this evening. 2. (2) Apakah kamu akanbertemu Are you going to see me aku lagi nanti malam? again this evening? 3.0 Aku tidak akan bertemu 1am not going to see kamu lagi nanti malam. you again this evening. 4. (2) Apakah kamu tidak akan Aren't you going to see bertemu aku lagi nanti me again this evening? malam? 5. (22) Kapan kamu akan When are you going to bertemu aku lagi? see me again? Pada pola kalimat nomor 1 (4),/.am going to see you again this evening, usahakan agar subjek dan auxiliary diucapkan dalam bentuk singkat /’m, we're, he’s, you're, they're, dan it’s. Going to dalam bahasa Inggris tidak resmi aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpo Guru Bab 11 Penggunaan Be dalam Future Tense 97 aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 95 walls Bahan dengan hak cipta aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 99 VERBA TIDAK BERATURAN Arti Infinitive a” bangun awake melahirkan bear memukul beat menjadi become memulai begin membengkokkan bend menggigit bite berdarah bleed mendoakan bless meniup blow memecahkan break memelihara breed membawa bring menyiarkan broadcast membangun build membakar burn meletus: burst membeli buy menangkap catch memilih choose mengenakan clothe pakaian datang come berharga cost merangkak creep berkokok crow mengiris cut memperdagangkan deal menggali dig mengerjakan do bermimpi dream minum drink menyetir drive Past Tense (2) awoke bore beat became began bent bit bled blessed blew broke bred brought broadcast built burnt burst bought caught chose clothed came cost crept crowed cut dealt dug did dreamed drank drove Past Participle (3) awaked born beaten become begun bent bitten bled blessed blown broken bred brought broadcast built burn burst bought caught chosen clothed come cost crept crowed cut dealt dug done dreamed drunk driven Present Participle (4) awaking bearing beating becoming beginning bending biting bleeding blessing blowing breaking breeding bringing broadcasting building burning bursting buying catching choosing clothing coming costing creeping crowing cutting dealing digging doing dreaming drinking driving aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 103 Pola kalimat nomor 1, / have finished my assignments for tomorrow's agri- cultural extension, merupakan bentuk kalimat berita Perfect Tense. Subjeknya / sehingga auxiliary-nya harus have. Untuk lebih lengkapnya lihatlah tabel berikut ini. No. Subjek Sudah... +belum... wot have have not 2 you have have not 3. he has has not 4. she has has not 5. it has has not 6. nama tunggal has has not 7 we have have not 8. they have have not 9. namajamak have have not Auxiliary have dan has membentuk arti kata sudah atau telah, disusul verba bentuk (3) beraturan finished (berasal dari finish dan, karena bentuk beraturan, Anda cukup menambahkan akhiran -ed). Bahan dengan hak cipta aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 107 Penggunaan Been dalam Present Perfect Tense aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru Kunci Jawaban Latihan 7 Bagian A 1, I've been sick lately. Sewaktu-waktu, bentuk Perfect Tense ditandai oleh adverbia waktu, seper- ti already (sudah), as yet (hingga sekarang), ever (pernah), for (selama), just (baru saja), lately (akhir-akhir ini), dan never (belumn pernah). 2. Have you taken your medicine? . Yes, | have. But | don't feel better. |. Have you been to see your doctor? Verba bantu been bisa diikuti verba dasar dengan syarat harus dihubung- kan oleh preposisi to, sehingga kalimat ini menjadi ...been to see... . |haven’t seen you in ages. . Haven't you heard from her? . We've looked all over the place, but we can't find it. . Have you been to Mecca? ). How long have you been in Singapore? 10. Have you ever been in hospital? ae ©MPnon Bagian B 1. Ada banyak perubahan di sini dalam sepuluh tahun terakhir ini. 2. Sebelumnya, saya pernah bertemu dengannya entah di mana. 3. Apakah kamu sudah membaca buku baru Danielle Stee!? 4. Saya belum membacanya. 5. Kamu sudah makan malam, bukan? 6. Ya, sudah. Saya makan malam pukul 7.30. 7. Sudah berapa lama Anda tinggal di Jerman? 8. Saya sudah tinggal di Jerman lebih dari enam tahun. 9. Apakah Anda sudah melihat margasatwa Indonesia? 10.Belum semuanya, tetapi ada sebagian yang sudah saya linat di kebun binatang. lide aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 117 Pola kalimat nomor 3, The industrial area is not centered by the govern- ment in the North Coast, to be ditambah not sehingga membentuk kalimat negatif atau menyangkal. /s not dapat berarti tidak. Berikut ini beberapa con- toh lain. a. This water is not polluted. Air ini tidak tercemar. b. In Indonesia, boys and girls are not kept apart. Dj Indonesia murid laki-laki dan perempuan tidak dipisah. Pada pola kalimat nomor 4, /sn’t the industrial area centered by the govern- ment in the North Coast?, is ditambah not yang ditempatkan di awal kalimat akan membentuk kalimat tanya menyangkal. Berikut ini beberapa contoh lain. a. Isn't he permited to stay in Indonesia? Apakah dia tidak diperbolehkan tingga! di Indonesia? . Isn't the report concisely written? Apakah laporan itu tidak ditulis secara singkat? ¢. Aren't they brainwashed with strange ideas by the crazy politician? ‘Apakah mereka tidak dicekoki gagasan-gagasan aneh oleh politikus gila itu? o Pola kalimat nomor 5, Where is the industrial area centered by the govern- ment?, menggunakan kata tanya where (di mana) yang dilkuti to be (is) membentuk kalimat tanya dengan bentuk jawaban panjang. Berikut ini contoh lainnya. a. Where were you born, Don? Kapankah kamu dilahirkan, Don? b, | was born on October 2, 1977. Saya dilahirkan pada tanggal 2 Oktober 1977. Kalimat-kalimat ini menggunakan to be bentuk lampau (were) karena menanyakan suatu peristiwa di masa lalu, yaitu waktu kelahiran Don. Born merupakan past participle dari to bear (melahiran). Pelajari juga contoh lain berikut ini. a. Why are the garments rejected? Mengapa tekstil-tekstil itu ditolak? b. How long was he banished from his country, Iran? Berapa lama dia dibuang dari negerinya, Iran? c. When will my new book be published? Kapankah buku baru saya akan diterbitkan? aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 123 144A. Future Continuous Tense They | would | be eating 15A. Past Future Perfect Tense 1 We You They | would | have | eaten He She It 16A. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense | We You They | would have been eating He She It 1B. Present Tense Do | we i you they eat? Does |? she it aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. 128 Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 2C. Continuous Tense \ am not We You are not They eat He She isnot It 30. Perfect Tense \ We have not You They eaten He She has not It AC. Present Perfect Continuous Tense I We You They been | eating He She has not tt have not 5C. Past Tense ' We You They did not eat He She It aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. 134 Sukses Menguasal Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 9D. Future Tense 10D. Future Coni ! We You They He She tt 11D. Future Perfect Tense will will will will tinuous Tense * have have being been questioned by those men questioned by those men questioned by those men being | questioned by those men aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 143 59. Frasa verba adalah bagian verba atau kata kerja dari suatu kalimat. Frasa verba ini dapat berbentuk sederhana, yaitu hanya berisi satu verba, dan dapat berbentuk kompleks, yaitu berisi lebih dari satu verba. Contoh frasa verba sederhana: | think otherwise. Saya berpikir sebaliknya. Contoh frasa verba kompleks: I will see you tomorrow. ‘Aku akan bertemu kamu besok. Ihave been working at it for a year. Saya mengerjakan itu selama setahun. velas! Baikiah, akan saya lanjutkan lagi. c. Auxiliary terbagi menjadi dua kelompok. © Auxiliary utama yang terdiri dari ~ be (am, are, is, was, were, being, dan been), ~ do (does, did, dan done), serta ~ have (had dan has). Auxiliary utama dapat dikelompokkan ke dalam kategori verba utama. © Modal Auxiliary yang terdiri dari -can -may -must -shall -will -could -might = -ought ~—-should~—-would -used d. Auxiliary utama memiliki bentuk Present Tense yang ditambah -s, bentuk Past Tense, dan bentuk Perfect Tense. Auxiliary Present Past Perfect Utama be is was been do does did done have has had had aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. 148 Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. 152 Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru ‘Saya yakin Anda akan memahami bentuk waktu ketujuh ini, bahkan tanpa kata kerja. 62. Apakah memakai auxiliary juga? Ya. Pakai auxiliary sebagai pengganti kata kerja utama. Auxiliary be yang digunakan adalah bentuk (4), yaitu being. Tambahkan -ing sebagai penanda sesuatu sedang berlangsung. a. He has been being in Baghdad for over a year. Dia masih sedang di Baghdad lebih dari satu tahun. b. I have been being terribly busy. Saya masih sedang sibuk sekali. ©. She has been being sick lately. Dia masih sedang sakit akhir-akhir ini. Bentuk waktu pokok dari nomor satu (Simple Present Tense) hingga tujuh (Perfect Continuous Tense) sudah selesai kita pelajari. Latihan menerjemah- kan pada bab terakhir ini akan berupa latihan campuran. 63. Maksudnya? Kalimat-kalimat untuk latihan menerjemahkan pada bab ini akan mencakup ‘semua bentuk waktu pokok, termasuk pula 16 bentuk waktu turunan. Bahan dengan he aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai q Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru Era global menjadikan bahasa Inggris sebagai alat komunikasi yang penting. Menyadari besarnya peranan bahasa satu ini, maka dihadir- kanlah buku ini. Disajikan dengan gaya yang mudah dipahami dan dapat dipelajari tanpa bimbingan guru. Buku ini juga mengatasi kendala waktu dan jarak yang banyak dialami oleh peminat bahasa dunia ini. Dengan metode pendekatan proses kebermak- DECI HUin colle LW Colmel eM an Une le aL ela) PN ae M ume Cee MUL ene CH ates aE) econ CnaE UN Mans Urs ieee ea) Anda sukses menguasai bahasa utama dunia. eet LU ECL ate LaLLe Oeehede ec ata tire enna) None eae eeee rm aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. 100 Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru Arti maken jatuh memberi makan merasa berkelahi menemukan terbang melarang meramalkan meninggalkan melupakan memaafkan membeku memperoleh memberi pergi menggiling tumbuh menggantung mempunyai mendengar ssembunyi memukul memegang malukai menyimpan berlutut merajut tahu meletakkan belajar meninggalkan meminjamkan membiarkan berbaring Infinitive PastTense Past Present () (2) Participle _Participle (3) (4) eat ate eaten eating fall fell fallen falling feed fed fed feeding feel felt felt feeling fight fought fought fighting find found found finding fy flew flown flying forbid forbade forbidden forbidding forecast forecast forecast forecasting forego _forewent foregone foregoing forget forgot forgotten forgeting forgive _ forgave forgiven forgiving freeze froze frozen freezing get got gotten getting give gave given giving go went gone going grind ground ground grinding grow grew grown growing hang hung hanged hanging have had had having hear heard heard hearing hide hid hidden hiding hit hit hit hitting hold held held holding hurt hurt hort hurting keep kept kept keeping knee! knelt knelt kneeling knit knitted knitted knitting know knew known knowing lead led led leading learn learnt learnt learning leave left left leaving lend lent lent lending let let let letting lie lay lain lying aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. 104 Sukses Menguasal Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru Pola kalimat nomor 2, Have you finished your assignments for tomorrow's agricultural extension?, meletakkan auxiliary pada awal kalimat. Ingat, semua auxiliary yang diletakkan di awal kalimat akan mengubah kalimat berita (+) menjadi kalimat tanya (?). Have you... artinya menjadi Apakah Anda sudah... atau Sudahkah Anda... Bandingkan dua pola berikut ini. a. You've committed crime. Kamu telah berbuat kejahatan. b. These figures have added up. Jumilah ini sudah cocok. c. They've made troubles. Mereka telah membuat kekacauan. d. He’s attested the authenticity of the document. Dia telah membuktikan keaslian dokumen itu. @. Have you taken this medication at certain intervals? Apakah Anda sudah makan obat itu secara teratur? f. Have you done everything at once? ‘Apakah kamu sudah mengerjakan semuanya sekaligus? g. Has he broken his promise? Apakah dia telah menginakari janjinya? h, Have you ever had a blood transfusion? Apakah Anda pernah mendapat transfusi darah? Umumnya, have disingkat ‘ve dan has disingkat ‘s. Anda harus ingat, pada pola kalimat nomor 2 kata kerja bentuk (3) tidak kembali ke bentuk verba dasar (1), tidak seperti pada kalimat Present Tense dan kalimat Past Tense. Pola kalimat nomor 3, / have not finished my assignments for tomorrow's agricultural extension, menambahkan kata ingkar not di belakang auxiliary have. Penambahan ini akan membentuk arti lawan dari kata sudah, yaitu be- lum. Berikut ini beberapa contoh lain. a. The mail hasn't arrived. Surat-surat belum datang. b. Her bleeding hasn't stopped. Pendarahannya belum berhenti. You haven't gone too far. Kamu belum bertindak terlalu jauh. I haven't found any. Saya belum menemukan apa pun. 9 a Pola kalimat nomor 4, Haven't you finished your assignments for tomor- row's agricultural extension?, menempatkan have not pada awal kalimat. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru Perfect Tense tanpa verba berfungsi untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa telah terjadi. Karena tidak ada kata kerja dasar, kalimat ini tidak menunjukkan suatu tindakan pekerjaan sudah selesai dilakukan. Jadi, bentuk ini hanyalah untuk meng- gambarkan suatu peristiwa atau keadaan. 52. Mungkin seperti bentuk-bentuk waktu sebelumnya, kita harus menggunakan ‘suatu kata yang bisa mewakili kata kerja, bukan? ‘Anda benar! Kita menggunakan kata kerja be, tetapi harus be bentuk (3) yaitu been. Pelajarilah contoh-contoh berikut ini. Pola kalimat nomor 1 a. Prices have been astronomical. Harga-harga sudah membumbung. b. The glass has been full. Gelas itu sudah penuh. c. The industry has been in crisis. Industri itu telah mengalami krisis. d. He’s been unreliable. Dia sudah tidak dapat dipercaya. e. This house has been a mess. Rumah ini sudah tidak teratur. Bahan dengan hak cipta aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 113 Bab 14 Kalimat Pasif aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 117 Pola kalimat nomor 3, The industrial area is not centered by the govern- ment in the North Coast, to be ditambah not sehingga membentuk kalimat. negatif atau menyangkal. /s not dapat berarti tidak. Berikut ini beberapa con- toh lain. a. This water is not polluted. Air ini tidak tercemar. .. In Indonesia, boys and girls are not kept apart. Di Indonesia murid laki-laki dan perempuan tidak dipisah. s Pada pola kalimat nomor 4, /sn’t the industrial area centered by the govern- ment in the North Coast?, is ditambah not yang ditempatkan di awal kalimat akan membentuk kalimat tanya menyangkal. Berikut ini beberapa contoh lain. a. Isn’t he permited to stay in indonesia? Apakah dia tidak diperbolehkan tinggal di Indonesia? Isn't the report concisely written? Apakah laporan itu tidak ditulis secara singkat? Aren't they brainwashed with strange ideas by the crazy politician? Apakah mereka tidak dicekoki gagasan-gagasan aneh oleh politikus gila itu? s 2 Pola kalimat nomor 5, Where is the industrial area centered by the govern- ment?, menggunakan kata tanya where (di mana) yang diikuti to be (is) membentuk kalimat tanya dengan bentuk jawaban panjang, Berikut ini contoh lainnya. a. Where were you born, Don? Kapankah kamu dilahirkan, Don? b. {was born on October 2, 1977. Saya dilahirkan pada tanggal 2 Oktober 1977. Kalimat-kalimat ini menggunakan to be bentuk lampau (were) karena menanyakan suatu peristiwa di masa lalu, yaitu waktu kelahiran Don. Born merupakan past participle dari to bear (melahirkan). Pelajari juga contoh lain berikut ini. a. Whyare the garments rejected? Mengapa tekstil-tekstil itu ditolak? How long was he banished from his country, Iran? Berapa lama dia dibuang dari negerinya, Iran? ©. When will my new book be published? Kapankah buku baru saya akan diterbitkan? a aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. 122 Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 10A. Future Continuous Tense I We ‘You They | will | be | eating He She tt 1A, Future Perfect Tense ' We You They will | have | eaten He She It 12A. Future Perfect Continuous Tense They will have been eating She 184. Past Future Tense 1 we You They | would | eating He She aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru 127 14B. Past Future Continuous Tense I we you Would | they be eating? he she it 15B. Past Future Perfect Tense ! we you Would | they | have | eaten? 16B. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense ' we you Would | they have been eaten? 1C. Present Tense Wo do not You They eat He does not She aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. 134 Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggrls Tanpa Guru ‘9D. Future Tense 1 We You They will be questioned by those men He She It 10D. Future Continuous Tense * | We You They | wit | be | being | questioned by those men He She It 11D. Future Perfect Tense ! We You They | will have | been | questioned by those men He She It 12D. Future Perfect Continuous Tense * They will have been | being | questioned by those men aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. 140 6F. Past Continuous Tense Sukses Menguasal Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru ! was not We You were not They He She was not It 7F. Past Perfect Tense 1 We You They had not He She It 8F. Past Perfect Continuous Tense OF. Future Tense ! We You They He She It will not 10F. Future Continuous Tense * 11F. Future Perfect Tense | We You They He She It will not being been be have questioned by those men questioned by those men questioned by those men been | questioned by those men aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru Modal Auxiliary tidak memiliki bentuk yang ditambah -s, bentuk infinitif dan bentuk Continuous Tense. Bandingkan keduanya. e. Auxiliary dapat bergabung bersama verba lain dalam bangun empat pola. Misalnya, kalimat asal adalah: The exhaust fumes pollute the air in Jakarta. Asap kendaraan bermotor mencemarkan udara di Jakarta. Menjadi empat pola berikut ini. Pola modal Rumus: modal + verb The exhaust fumes will pollute the air in Jakarta. Asap kendaraan bermotor akan mencemarkan udara di Jakarta. Pola Perfect Tense Rumus: have + past participle The exhaust fumes have polluted the air in Jakarta. Asap kendaraan bermotor telah mencemarkan udara di Jakarta. * Pola Continuous Tense Rumus: be + present participle The exhaust fumes were polluting the air in Jakarta. Asap kendaraan bermotor sedang mencemarkan udara di Jakarta. Bahan dengan hak cipia aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. aa You have either reached a page that is unavailable for viewing or reached your viewing limit for this book. Sukses Menguasai : Bahasa Inggris Tanpa Guru Era global menjadikan bahasa Inggris sebagai alat komunikasi yang penting. Menyadari besarnya peranan bahasa satu ini, maka dihadir- kanlah buku ini. Disajikan dengan gaya yang mudah dipahami dan dapat dipelajari tanpa bimbingan guru. Buku ini juga mengatasi kendala waktu dan jarak yang banyak dialami ee eral aC Mal Dengan metode pendekatan proses kebermak naan melalui tabel dan formulasi memudahkan Anda memvisualisasikan struktur kalimat bahasa ies ion ciency emul ast Uaikee mist

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