Atmosfera standard

I
0
= 288.1S K
p
0
= 1u1S2S Po = 1 otm = 1.u1S2S bor
p
0
= 1.22S Kgm
3

H = 28.964 kgm
3

g = 9.8u66S ms
2

R
M
= 8S1S
[
kmol K


z =

0
h

0
+h
, r
0
= 6SS6.S77 km altitudinea geopotentiala

I = I

+I

(z z

), i = u, . . ,7



Jp
Jz
= pg =
pgH
R
M
I


p = p

[
1
i
1

_
gM
R
M
L
i
]
, I

u,

p = p

cxp j
-gM(z-z
i
)
R
M
1
i
[, I

= u I = I

Zile reci, calde si tropicale (cold, hot, tropical days) (Profile atmosferice de temperatura)

I = I

+I

(z z

), i = u, . . ,7







Atmosfera politropa

= z z
0
=
1
g
_
Jp
p
p
0
p
=
R
M
I
0
gH
p
0
1-n
n
_ p
-
1
n
p
0
p
Jp =
n
n 1
R
M
I
0
gH
_1 _
p
p
0

]
n-1
n
_ =
n
n 1
R
M
gH
(I
0
I)

I = I
0

n 1
n
gH
R
M
, I

=
6.SK
km
u 11 km, I = I
0
u.uu6S
n 1
n
gH
R
M
= u.uu6S

n = 1.2SS stonJorJ = politropic

p = p
0
_1
n 1
n
gH
R
M
I
0
]
n
n-1


p = p
0
_1
n 1
n
gH
R
M
I
0
]
1
n-1

mux
(p = u) 44 km

Efectele umiditatii asupra densitatii:

a
v
m
m
x = [kg vapori de ap/kg aer uscat]

m
p V
R T
v
v
v
= , m
p V
R T
a
a
a
= x
m
m
R p
R p
M
M
p
p
v
a
a v
v a
v
a
v
a
= = = , R
R
M
a
M
a
= , R
R
M
v
M
v
= ,

016 . 18 =
v
M [kg/kmol]; 96 . 28 =
a
M [kg/kmol]
( ) m m m m
m
m
m x
a v a
v
a
a
= + = +
|
\

| = + 1 1
100 =
s
v

s B
s
v B
v
a
v
p p
p
p p
p
p
p
x

= = 622 . 0 622 . 0 622 . 0 ,

s B
s
s
p p
p
x

= 622 . 0 la saturatie
N
v N
v N v
p
p
T
T
=
,
,
] [kg/m 804 . 0
4 . 22
18
3
N
O H
,
2
= = =
MN
v N
V
M

] / [
760
273
804 . 0
3
m kg
p
T
v
v
=

(

= =
3
m
kg
760
) ( 273
804 , 0
) ( T p
T T R
T p
s
v
s
s



v a
V V V + = legea lui Amagat
v v a a
v m v m mv + = , ( ) ( )
v a a a
xv v m v x m + = + 1

x
xv v
v
v a
+
+
=
1
, v
R T
p
a
a
= , v
R T
p
v
v
= , 61 . 1
016 . 18
96 . 28
= = =
v
a
a
v
M
M
R
R


) 61 . 1 1 (
1
) 61 . 1 1 (
1
287
1
1
61 . 1 1
287
x
x
x
x
T
p
v x
x
p
T
v
uscat umed
+
+
=
+
+
= =
+
+
=

lg(p
s
(I)) = o
[
1
ylg (I) Ecuatia Dupre p
s
(I) =
1
1
y
1u
u-

T


o = 21.7S8, [ = 296u.17, y = S.S79S

Uneori se precizeza temperatura de roua Tr

Ecuatia Tetens

p
s
(t

) = 4.S8S112S 1u
13.5t
r
1.8t
r
+427.14
= p

Constanta specifica a aerului umed

H = r

=
p

p
H

+
p
u
p
H
u
, p
u
= p p

R =
R
M
H

R
umcd
=
R
uscut
1
p

p
(1
R
u
R

)
=
R
uscut
1
p

p
(1 u.622)
=
R
uscut
1 +u.S78
p