CE331,Fall2010

Example:AnalysisofReinforcedConcreteFloor

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beam web

Beam
Spacing

bw
h

tslab

slab

Beam
Spacing

slab
span

Beam Span

Beam
Spacing

Beam
Spacing

Beam
Spacing

Column
Spacing

Column
Spacing

Column
Spacing

SectionAA:Slab&BeamElevation

Beam
Spacing

TypicalReinforcedConcreteBuilding
Castinplacereinforcedconcretestructureshavemonolithicslabtobeamandbeamtocolumn
connections.MonolithiccomesfromtheGreekwordsmono(one)andlithos(stone).
Consequencesofmonolithicconstructioninclude:
beamtocolumnconnectionstransfermomentmakingreinforcedconcreteframes
highlyindeterminate,and
thedeckslabandthebeamareonepieceofconcrete,makingthebeamsTshaped

Atypicalreinforcedconcretefloorsystemisshowninthesketchesbelow.

Exterior Span
Interior Span
Exterior Span

PlanViewofFloorSystem

Column
Spacing

Column
Spacing
Ln

Ln (clearspan)

Column
Spacing

Ln

slab
beam web

column

ElevationView

Itsimportanttohaveaclearpictureinonesmindoftheconcretestructurerepresentedbythe
2Dsketchesabove.Theorthographicviewsonthefollowingpageofthesamefloorsystemare
intendedtohelpinthisregard.

CE331,Fall2010

Example:AnalysisofReinforcedConcreteFloor

IsometricViewofReinforcedConcreteFloorSystem

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Cutawayshowingbeamdimensions

CE331,Fall2010

Example:AnalysisofReinforcedConcreteFloor

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PlacementofReinforcement
Steelreinforcementisplacedinthetensionzonesofreinforcedconcretebeams,asindicated
bythecrackpatternsshownbelow.

-'ve M steel
+'ve M steel

ReinforcementinTensileZones

FactoredMomentsduetoDead+LiveLoads(Mu)
Becauseconcreteframesarehighlyindeterminate,themomentsduetofactoreddeadandlive
loadsaretypicallycalculatedwiththeaidofacomputerprogram.Alternatively,designers
oftenusetheAmericanConcreteInstitute(ACI)momentcoefficients(shownbelow)which
representtheenvelopeofmomentsduetodeadloadplusvariousliveloadspanloadpatterns.
wu L2n
14
Mu

wu L2n
10

ACIMomentCoefficients

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Example:AnalysisofReinforcedConcreteFloor

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Example.Checktheflexuralstrengthintheofficebuildingindicatedbelowatthreelocations:
1. aonefootwidesectionofslab
2. themiddleofanexteriorspanofaninteriorbeam
3. attheinteriorsupportofanexteriorspanofaninteriorbeam

4 @ 12 ft

3 @ 29 ft
Col.Size=24x24
t_slab=5in
h=16in
b_w=13in

f'c=4000psi
fy=60,000psi

unitwtofconc.=150 pcf
wSD=10psf
wLL=40psf

SlabReinforcement:
#4@15

BeamReinforcement:
Midspan:3#7bars
Support:8#6bars
#3stirrups

1.Onefootwidestripofslab
c =0.003

12

0.85f'c
a

t_slab

As

As

StrainDistribution
intheConcrete

fs
Stresses

T
Forces

CE331,Fall2010

Example:AnalysisofReinforcedConcreteFloor

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Calc.Mu:
SuperimposedDead
Load

wSDL=(SDL)(tributarywidth)=(0.010ksf)(1ft)=0.010klf

Selfweight

wsw=(unit_wt)(width)(depth)=(0.150kcf)(1ft)(5in/12in/ft)=0.0625klf

Liveload

wL=(LL)(tributarywidth)=(0.040ksf)(1ft)=0.040klf

Factoredload

wu=1.2(wsw+wSDL)+1.6(wL)=1.2(0.0625klf+0.010klf)+1.6(0.040klf)=0.151klf

Momentduetofactored Mu=(1/Mcoef)(wu)(Ln)2
loads

Mcoef=10,max.momentforcontinuousbeam,[FERef.pg.144]

Clearspan

Ln=beamspacingwidthofbeamweb=12ft13in/12in/ft=10.92ft

Mu=(1/10)(0.151klf)(10.92ft)2,

Mu=1.80kft

Calc.Mn:
Calc. depth of stress block
from FH: C = T 0.85 fc a b = As fy

(Assume steel yields)

Calculatetheareaofsteelinaonefootwidestripofslab:
Asofone#4bar=0.20in2[FERef.pg144]
2
in 2
1bar
12 in

As ina 1 ft wide strip = (0.20 in / bar )( in

)
=
0
.
160
1 ftstrip
1 ft wide strip
15
0.85(4ksi)a(12in)=(0.160in2)(60ksi),

a=0.235in

Calc.effectivedepth,d
cover=0.75in,[ACIClearCoverReqts:Concretenotexposedtoweather,Slabs,No11barand
smaller]
d=hcoverbar/2=5in0.75in0.50in/2,
Calc.straininsteel,
0.003 s + 0.003
=
a / 1
d

1 = 0.85forfc' = 4 ksi
s + 0.003
0.003
0.235 in / 0.85

[FERef.pg.145]

[FERef.pg.144]

4.00 in

s>y=0.002,sosteelyieldsasassumed
s>0.004=min.forbeams[FERef.pg.145]
s=0.90since s>0.005[FERef.pg.145]

d=4.00in

s=0.0404

CE331,Fall2010

Example:AnalysisofReinforcedConcreteFloor

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Calc.Mn
Mn=Asfy(da/2)=(0.90)(0.160in2)(60ksi)(4.00in0.235in/2)/12in/ft

Mn=2.80kft

Mn=2.80kft>1.80kft=Mu,OK

2.Midspanofexteriorspan:Tbeam

Calc.Mu
SelfweightofTbeam:TheselfweightoftheTbeamisequaltotheunitweightofreinforcedconcrete
(typically150pcf)timesthecrosssectionareaoftheTbeam.TheflangeoftheTbeamextendshalf
waytothenearestbeamoneitherside,whichistypicallyequaltothebeamspacing.
wsw=unit_wtxATbeam
ATbeam=theareaoftheslab+theareaofthebeamwebthatextendsbelowtheslab
ATbeam=(beamspacingxt_slab)+(ht_slab)xbw
wsw=(0.150kcf)[12ftx(5"/12in/ft)+(16in5in)x13inx(1ft2/144in2)]=0.899klf

wSD=(wSD)(beamspacing)=(0.010ksf)(12')=0.120klf
wL=(wL)(beamspacing)=(0.040ksf)(12')=0.480klf

wu=1.2(wsw+wSD)+1.6wL
wu=1.2(0.899klf+0.120klf)+1.6(0.480klf)=1.991klf

Mu=wuLn2/14(momentcoefficientforexteriorspan,midspan)
Ln=clearspan=columnspacingwidthofcolumn=29ft2ft=27ft
Mu=103.7kft
Mu=(1.991klf)(27ft)2/14

CE331,Fall2010

Example:AnalysisofReinforcedConcreteFloor

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Calc.Mn:
effectiveflangewidth,b_f:[FEReference,pg146]
b_f=minimumof:clearspan/416t_slab+b_wbeamspacing
27'(12"/')/4=81"16(5")+13"=93"12'x12'/"=144"
b_f=81"
Calc.stressresultants
bf

c = 0.003

0.85f'c
Cf

aweb
c

Cw

d
s

bw

fs

Assumethecompressionblockdoesnotextendbelowthebottomoftheflange(typical).
FH:C=T
0.85fcab_f=AsfyAssumesteelyields
As=3(0.60in2)=1.80in2
0.85(4ksi)a(81)=(1.80in2)(60ksi),
a=0.392<5=tslab,
thereforecompressionblockdoesnotextendbelowflange,asassumed

Note:ifahadbeen>t,then
FH:C=T
0.85fc[(bfbw)t+bwa]=AsfyAssumesteelyields
Solveequationabovefora,andproceedasbelow,except:
whencalculatingMnaddthemomentduetothecompressionintheflange
Mn= [Asfy(da/2)+Cf(a/2t/2)],whereCf=0.85fct(bfbw)

a=0.392

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Example:AnalysisofReinforcedConcreteFloor

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Calc.straininsteel
cover=1.5in,[ACIClearCoverReqts:Concretenotexposedtoweather,Beams&columns]
0.003 0.003 + s
=
c
d
d = 16"[1.5"+

3" 1 7
+
" ] = 13.69"
8 28

a = 1c, 1 = 0.85 for f c' = 4 ksi

0.392" = 0.85 c,

c = 0.461"

0.003 0.003 + s
=
, s = 0.0861
0.461"
13.69"
(1) steel has yeilded ( s > y = 0.002) , as assumed
(2) s > 0.004 ( ACI minfor beams), OK
(3) = 0.90 ( s >= 0.005)
Mn= [Asfy(da/2)]
Mn=0.90[(1.80in2)(60ksi)(13.690.392/2)](1'/12"),

Mn=109 >104 =Mu,OK

kft

kft

3.AtInteriorSideofInteriorSupport
Thebottomofthewebisincompression,everythingabovetheneutralaxisiscracked.Thetopsteelis
spreadlaterallyacrosstheflange(thereforeitisalwaysinonelayer).

bf

t
T

d
c
bw

.003

Cc

0.85f'c

Calc.Mu
Mu=wuLn2/10(momentcoefficientforexteriorspan,interiorsupport)
Mu=145.1kft
=(1.991klf)(27ft)2/11

CE331,Fall2010

Example:AnalysisofReinforcedConcreteFloor

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Calc.Mn
Calc.depthofstressblock

FH:C=T
0.85fcabw=Asfy(Assumesteelyields)

Asofone#6bar=0.44in2

As=(8bars)(0.44in2perbar)=3.52in2
0.85(4ksi)a(13)=(3.52in2)(60ksi),

Calc.straininsteel.

a=4.778

0.003 0.003 + s
=
c
d
d = 16"[1.5"+

3" 1 6
+
" ] = 13.75"
8 28

a = 1c, 1 = 0.85 for f c' = 4 ksi

4.778" = 0.85 c,

c = 5.621"

0.003 0.003 + s
=
, s = 0.00434
5.621"
13.75"
steelhasyeilded( s > y = 0.002) , asassumed
&

=0.48 + 83(0.00434) = 0.840

&

s > 0.004 (OK )

Calc. Mn

Mn= [Asfy(da/2)]
Mn=0.840[(3.52in2)(60ksi)(13.754.778/2)](1'/12"),

Mn=168kft>145kft=Mu,OK