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Genetics Revision Question

10 minutes to answer with keywords

10 minute answer
Discuss how genetic information is stored in cells and how it relates to genetic diversity?
Use the following keywords in your answer: DNA, chromosome, nucleus, gene, allele, code, base sequence, trait, characteristic, genetic variation, genotype, phenotype

Genetic information is stored on chromosomes in the nucleus of cells. Chromosomes are made up of one long molecule of DNA, wrapped up tightly around folding proteins. Genes are sections/segments of DNA that code/provide instructions for a specific protein/specific characteristic, e.g. eye colour. The order of DNA bases/base sequence determines what the gene codes for. Alleles are variations/alternative form of a gene that result in a specific trait, e.g. brown eyes. Variations come about from changes to bases in the gene base sequences. Different alleles cause a variety of genotypes and phenotypes to exist within a population resulting in the genetic variation, e.g. blue eyes, brown eyes, green eyes, hazel eyes.

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