Hernandez 1 Edwin Hernandez John Kubler English 114A 3 September 2013 Exercise 1.

1: Introduction & Chapter 12 Our lives are filled with arguments whether its with friends, family or even within us. The major idea in the introduction is that we learn to build arguments as time goes on and get better by practicing. A sub-point that supports this claim is that we learn to listen and recognize an argument and construct around that to make a counterargument. As quoted, the underlying structure of effective academic writingresides not just in stating our own ideas but in listening closely to others around us, summarizing their views in a way that they will recognize, and responding with our own ideas in kind. This draws upon the rhetorical appeal of common values because the audience and reader are communicating with each other and the author. Another point that supports this claim is that as you make more arguments you are able to challenge what others are saying. As quoted for it is what others are saying and thinking that motivates our writing and gives it a reason for being. Practicing on how to make our arguments will help to challenge others and help us learn to make stronger arguments. I believe the rhetoric appeal is ethos because it characterizes what you are trying to say. A third point that supports this claim is that as you learn about templates they will help shape your argument. As quoted the above template and the others in this book will actually help your writing become more original and creative. Templates help build an argument by introducing a quotation, stating your own argument, supporting your argument with evidence and much more. I believe the rhetorical appeal is logos because templates help us structure our argument logically.

Hernandez 1 The major idea chapter 12 is trying to communicate is that an argument will not immediately be found. There will be identifying and analyzing ideas, comprehending assumptions and understanding meanings and breaking down words and phrases. One important sub-point is the reader may misinterpret what the author is trying to say by focusing on the first thing read rather than analyzing the content as a whole. As quoted, The assumption these students are making is that if something appears on the page, the author must endorse it. The reader may comfort themselves with what he reads and echo the exact same words. I believe the rhetorical appeal is ethos because the reader believes the word of the writer because of his authority. Another important sub-point is the reader should not assume the argument will be easily identified; instead look around to find the right points and ideas. As quoted, The view that Draut is challenging, then, is not summarized in her opening. Instead, she assumes that readers are already so familiar with this view that it need not be stated. Draut assumes we know what she is talking about but that may not be the case therefore we should find the clues that tell us about her arguments. The rhetorical appeal is ethos because we expect to know what the author is trying to communicate. A third sub-point is that the text may have complex wording but it is important to make connections with the context to discover the argument. As quoted, To understand difficult passages of this kind, you need to translate them into your own word-to build a bridge, in effect, between the passages unfamiliar terms and ones more familiar to you. The reader must learn to break down difficult words and make connections to find out the writers argument. The rhetorical appeal is logos because we need to be able to know the facts to connect one thing with another and find the resulting argument. We need to use logic to find the meaning of words and decode what the argument. We learn different strategies to make an argument such as using templates to

Hernandez 1 construct a well put together argument. We as readers learn to find arguments and we practice it every day and get better as time passes.