uthj vdcjkcknh

Hkkjr Kku foKku lfefr

uo tuokpu vkanksyu
bl fdrkc dk izdk'ku Hkkjr Kku foKku lfefr us
^lj nksjkcth VkVk VLV* osQ lg;ksx ls fd;k gSA
bl vkanksyu dk edln vke turk esa
iBu&ikBu laLfr fodflr djuk gSA

uthj vdcjkcknh

Nazeer Akbarabadi

MkW- T;ksRluk j?kqoa'kh

Dr. Jyotsna Raghuvansi

Series Editor

iqLrdekyk laiknd

Taposh Chakravorty

rkiks'k porhZ

dkWih laiknd

Copy Editor
Irfana

bji+Qkuk

js[kkadu

Illustration
Sunayana B. Pande

lqu;uk ch- ikaMs

Cover & Graphics

doj ,oa xzkfiQDl

Jagmohan

txeksgu

izFke laLdj.k

First Edition

fnlacj] 2007

December, 2007

lg;ksx jkf'k

Contribution
Rs. 25

25 #i;s

eq.k

Printing

lu lkbu vkWiQlsV
ubZ fnYyh& 110018

Sun Shine Offset

New Delhi- 110018

Publication and Distribution

Bharat Gyan Vigyan Samiti
Basement of Y.W.A. Hostel No. II, G-Block, Saket , New Delhi - 110 017
Phone : 011 - 26569943, Fax : 91 - 011 - 26569773
Email : bgvs_delhi@yahoo.co.in, bgvsdelhi@gmail.com
website: www. bgvs.org
BGVS DECEMBER 2007 2K 2500 NJVA 0151/2007

Hkwfedk
vkt lkaiznkf;drk dh vkx us ekuoh; foosd dh vka[kksa ij inkZ
Mky fn;k gSA og'kr LoNan ?kwe jgh gS_ ;g tquwu gS] tks lc oqQN
oLr dj nsuk pkgrk gSA ml tquwu dks HkM+dkus dk xqugxkj dkSu
gS] bl ij cgl tkjh gSA foosd dh vka[ksa tc lkiQ gksaxh rks
xqugxkj vo'; dV?kjs esa gksaxs] fiQygky tjQjr bl ckr dh gS fd
feyu osQ os lsrq cpk, tk,a] tks yacs le; ls gekjh lk>h laLfr
dh igpku osQ izrhd jgs gSaA ;s lsrq rc cus Fks] tc c<+rh nwfj;ksa
dks ikVus osQ fy, gnw vkSj eqlyeku leku jQi ls vkxs c<+s Fks]
gnw larksa vkSj eqfLye iQdhjksa us ,slk vkanksyu NsM+k Fkk] ftlls lHkh
oxks us ,d eap ij vkdj lkaLfrd esy&feyki osQ xhr x, Fks&
ftu eSy fny ls fetkZ ek/ks dk /ks fn;kA
gnw rqjd dk Hksn fnyks tka ls [kks fn;kA
vkf'kd rks dyanj gS u gnw u eqlyekaA

isze osQ fy, gnw eqlyeku dk Hksn dksbZ ekuh ugha j[krk gSA
yk[kksa yksxksa osQ fnyksa esa kM+dus okys uthj vdcjkcknh (1735&1830)
dh jpuk,a nks lkS o"kks ls yksdthou dk fgLlk cuh gqbZ gSA uthj
tc rd czt osQ yksd thou esa ?kqys&feys jgs] tu&tu osQ oaQBksa ls
iwQVrs jgs] esys&rek'kksa esa xk, tkrs jgs] rc rd budh jpukvksa ls
Nydrk ve`r] mUekn dh fpaxkjh dks tUe ysrs gh BaMk djrk jgkA
uthj osQ dkO; osQ fryLeh vlj dh otg ls bUgsa tudfo dh
[;kfr gkfly gqbZA feh dh lksa/h egd okyh budh jpuk,a vkt
Hkh tknqbZ izHkko j[krh gSA uthj vdcjkcknh dh izklafxdrk vkt
f'kr ls eglwl dh tk jgh gSA
3

uthj cgqr vPNs balku Fks] og tu dks lacksf/r jpuk,a fy[krs

Fks] 'kCnksa osQ tknwxj vkSj ok.kh osQ ckn'kkg FksA mudh Hkk"kk Hkkoksa dks
liQyrkiwoZd vfHkO;fkQ nsus esa leFkZ gSA Hkko tkxs vkSj Hkk"kk us
liQyrk osQ lkFk 'kCn&fp=k mrkjus 'kqjQ dj fn,&,slh mfkQ;ka uthj
vdcjkcknh osQ laca/ esa lnk dgh o fy[kh tkrh jgh gSA
uthj vdcjkcknh vius thoudky esa gh feFkd osQ uk;dksa
dh rjg izfl gks x, FksA budh dkO; izfrHkk dks lkfgR;sfrgkl esa
ckn esa Lohfr feyh ij mlosQ cgqr igys gh budh dforkvksa dk
tknqbZ laxhr vkxjk osQ cktkjksa] jkgksa vkSj xyh&owQpksa esa xwatrk jgk&
lc BkB iM+ jgk tkosxk] tc ykn pysxk catkjkA
X

D;k [kwc ueksZ uktqd bl vkxjs dh ddM+hA

vkSj ftlesa [kkl dkfiQj bLoaQnjs dh ddM+hA
uthj dh jpuk,a yksdxhr o bZ'koanuk dh rjg eafnjksa] ?kjksa o
mRloksa esa xkbZ tkrh jgh&
rsjh lju xgh gS] dj rw fugky HkSjksaA
,s irZiky nsor] eneLr dky HkSjksaA
;kjks lquks] ;g nf/ osQ yqVS;k dk ckyiuA
vkSj e/qiqjh uxj osQ clS;k dk ckyiuA
eksgu ljQi fujr djS;k dk ckyiuA
cu&cu osQ Xoky xkS,a pjS;k dk ckyiuA
,slk Fkk ckalqjh osQ ctS;k dk ckyiuA
D;k&D;k dgwa eSa ".k dUgS;k dk ckyiuA
tu lkekU; osQ chp uthj dh dfork dh iSB vkSj o`gn
tu&Lohd`fr us vkykspdksa dks bl lhek rd ck; fd;k fd mUgsa
uthj dks mnwZ fefJr [kM+h cksyh dk vU;re vkSj fof'k"V dfo
?kksf"kr djuk iM+kA
uthj vdcjkcknh laHkor% ,sls vosQys dfo jgs] ftUgksaus ;qxhu
4

pqukSfr;ksa dk tokc ,d vyx rjhosQ ls fn;k vkSj viuh vkfRed

'kfkQ osQ cy ij fVosQ jgsA uthj us vius dkO; esa ,d u, jkLrs
dks jks'ku fd;k] ftldk gejkgh vke vkneh Fkk vkSj eafty vke
balku&
xkfy;ka] ekj [kkrs gSa dkSM+h osQ okLrsA
'keks Z g;k mBkrs gS a dkS M + h os Q okLrs A
lkS eqYd Nku vkrs gSa dkSM+h osQ okLrsA
efLtn dks ne esa <krs gaS dkSM+h osQ okLrsA
dkSM+h osQ lc tgku esa uD'kksa uxhu gSA
dkSM+h u gks rks dkSM+h osQ fiQj rhu&rhu gSA
uthj vdcjkcknh ,sls vosQys dfo gSa] ftUgksaus yksxksa osQ ckjs
esa] yksxksa osQ fy, xk;kA blosQ fy, bUgksaus laiznk;&lhfer rRoksa ;k
fdlh jgL;okfnrk dk lgkjk ugha fy;kA buosQ ckjs esa tkuuk
izdkjkUrj ls muosQ ;qx&thou dks tkuuk o eglwl djuk gSA budh
esgur] g"kksZYykl vkSj NksVh&NksVh miyfC/;ksa dks thoar jQi esa
ns[kuk gSA
uthj dks vkxjk o laiw.kZ czt {ks=k osQ mRlo&R;kSgkj (gksyh]
fnokyh] clar] 'kCcjkr] bZn)] esys (cYnso] rSjkdh] oaQl vkfn dk
esyk)] [ksy (dcwrjckth] iarxckth] enkjh dh dykckth] jhN dk
ukp) cgqr ilan FksA buls lacaf/r dforkvksa esa thou dh okLrfod
lPpkb;ksa vkSj lq[k dk vuqHko ikBd dks vkkfnr dj nsrk gSA
rRdkyhu fo"ke ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vke vkneh osQ fy, ;s dfork,a
lathouh 'kfkQ dk dke djrh FkhaA
vkt Hkh jktuhfrKksa osQ Ny&Nn~e osQ pyrs Hkk"kk&laLfr] izse
vkSj lko lekt ls nwj gSA vc gnh&mnwZ vkSj gnw&eqlyeku dk
caVokjk gh ugha gks jgk gS oju~ cM+h fnysjh osQ lkFk lqfu;ksftr
lkaiznkf;d naxksa osQ lapkyu osQ ckn jkT; ljdkj osQ laj{k.k esa xkSjo
jFk&;k=kk fudyrh gSaA vkReeqX/k ukf;dk dh Hkkafr 'kh"kZLFk usrk
5

orZeku fLFkfr;ksa ls larq"V vkSj lgt nh[krs gSaA vkt Hkh vkevkneh
dh ihM+k dks lquus] le>us o nwj djus okyk dksbZ ugha gSA
uthj vdcjkcknh tSls tudfo dh dfork,a ,sls esa cgqrizlafxd
yxrh gSa&
>xM+k u djs feYyrks etgc dk dksbZ ;kaA
ftl jkg esa vkt iM+s [kq'k jgs gj vkaaA
tqkj xys ;k fd cxy chp oqQjvkaA
vkf'kd rks dyanj gS u gnw u eqlyekaAA
MkW- T;ksRLuk j?kqoa'kh
jhMj]
osQanzh; gnh laLFkku]
vkxjk

uthj&O;fkQro vkSj thou

fe;ka uthj dk vlyh uke eqgEen vkSj miuke ^uthj* FkkA
vius miuke ^uthj* esa fuokl LFkku laca/h ^vdcjkcknh* 'kCn
tksM+dj os ^uthj vdcjkcknh* dgyk,A muosQ firk dk uke
eqgEen iQkjQ[k FkkA firk iVuk osQ fdlh jbZl osQ ;gka dke djrs
FksA mudk [kkunkuh is'kk fligxhjh FkkA uthj dh ufugky vkxjk esa
FkhA mudh eka vkxjs osQ fdysnkj uokc lqYrku [kka dh csVh FkhaA
fe;ka uthj osQ tUe osQ laca/ esa izksisQlj 'kgckt us fy[kk gS&
dgk tkrk gS fd viuh ckjg larkuksa osQ vdky dky&dofyr
gks tkus osQ dkj.k uthj osQ ekrk&firk larku osQ vHkko esa nq[kh jgrs
FksA ,d ckj ,d iQdhj dk vkxeu gqvk] lqudj eqgEen iQkjQd
muosQ ikl x, vkSj iQdhj osQ fn, gq, ikap iwQy lkFk ysdj ?kj
vk,A iQdhj us vkns'k fn;k Fkk fd iwQyksa dks law?kdj unh esa Mky
nsuk vkSj tks oSQfiQ;r gks eq>s vkdj crkukA fo'okl vkSj vkLFkk osQ
lkFk eqgEen iQkjQd us ;equk rV ij tkdj ,d&,d djosQ iwQyksa
dks ;equk eas isaQdk vkSj muesa ls ,d iwQy ikuh ij rSjrk jgk] 'ks"k
lc ikuh esa Mwc x,A ;g ckr mUgksaus iQdhj dks lqukbZA iQdhj us
izl gksdj dgk] tk [kq'k gksA rsjk ,d yM+dk tnk jgsxk vkSj rsjs
uke dks jks'ku djsxkA mudh iRuh xHkZorh gqbZ vkSj le; ls cPps
dk tUe gqvkA dbZ larkuksa dh e`R;q osQ vuarj uthj dk tUe gksus
osQ dkj.k ekrk&firk vkSj ukuh dks vR;ar izlrk gqbZA le;kuqlkj
muosQ lHkh laLdkj fd, x,A cqjh utj ls cpkus osQ fy, ukd] dku
Nsndj mudk jQi yM+fd;ksa tSlk cuk fn;k x;kA uthj osQ 'kkjhfjd
7

xBu osQ laca/ esa iQjgrqYyk csx dk dFku gS fd uthj dk jax

xanqe&xwa] dn njfe;kuk] is'kkuh maQph vkSj pkSM+h] vka[ksa pednkj
vkSj iSuh] ukd cqyan FkhA nk<+h [k'k[k'kh vSj ewaNsa cM+h j[krs FksA
f[kM+dhnkj ixM+h] xk<+s dk vaxj[kk] lh/k inkZ] uhph pksyh] mlosQ uhps
oqQrkZ] ,d cjdk ik;tkek] /hryh twrh] gkFk esa 'kkunkj NM+h] maxfy;kas
esa iQhjksth vkSj vdhd dh vaxfw B;kaA (nhokus uthj vdcjkcknh] i`-6)
tUe frfFk
uthj osQ tUedky osQ lca/ esa fuf'pr izek.k osQ u gksrs gq,
Hkh vf/drj fo}kuksa us uthj dk tUe 1735 gh ekuk gSA
tUeLFkku
fofHk fo}kuksa osQ erksa ij ;ku nsus osQ ckn uthj dk tUe
LFkku nsgyh ekuuk gh mi;qDr izrhr gksrk gSA izksisQlj 'kgckt }kjk
izLrqr tkudkjh dk laca/ fe;ka uthj dh uoklh ls gksus osQ dkj.k
vf/d izekf.kd gSA
uthj dk vkxjs osQ izfr izse vSj vkxjsokyksa osQ uthj osQ izfr
izse osQ dkj.k mudk tUeLFkku vkxjk dks Js; fnykuk vkxjk dks
egRo iznku djus dk iz;kl gh dgk tk,xkA lp rks ;g gS fd
uthj nsgyh esa tUe ysdj vkxjs esa cl x,] ftlls vkxjk vkSj
uthj nksuksa gh /U; gks x,&
vkf'kd dgks vlhj dgks vkxjs dk
eq Y yk dgks ] nchj dgks ] vkxjs dk
eqfyl dgks] iQdhj dgks] vkxjs dk
'kk;j dgks ] uthj dgks ] vkxjs dk

gSA
gS A
gS
gS A

f'k{kk&nh{kk
ifjokj dh ,dek=k thfor vkSj vR;ar fiz; larku gksus osQ ckn
Hkh LFkkuh; ikB'kkyk dh i<+kbZ esa budh vPNh izxfr FkhA pkj o"kZ
dh mez esa bUgsa i<+kus osQ fy, ekSyoh fu;qkQ fd;k x;kA uthj us
ifo=k oqQjku dk ikB fd;k vkSj mlosQ ckn lknh osQ djhek ek
edhek] [kqljksa osQ ^[kfydckjh* (mnwZ] iQkjlh 'kCndks'k) vkSj
8

egnwnukek] vrSukek ls iQkjlh dh FkksM+h&cgqr i<+kbZ dh vkSj

^vkenukek* O;kdj.k Hkh ns[kkA
uthj vkB Hkk"kk,a laLr vjch] mnZq] iatkch] ekjokM+h] iwohZ
vkSj gnh tkurs FksA izksisQlj 'kgckt us bl laca/ esa fy[kk gS&
uthj us viuh roTtks dks eq[rfyiQ tckuksa dks gkfly djus
esa eljQiQ fd;kA og FkksM+s gh okQ esa iatkch [kklh rjg cksyus yxsA
cztHkk"kk ij xksfi;ksa dh&lh egkjr gkfly dhA iwfoZ;ksa dk ygtk
lh[k fy;kA ekjokfM+;ksa dh ifjHkk"kk,a ;kn dhaA efyd eqgEen
tk;lh ;k rqylhnkl dh tks tcku gS] mlesa deky iSnk fd;k] bl
izdkj og dbZ Hkk"kkvksa osQ tkudkj cu x,A
bl ckr osQ Hkh izek.k feyrs gSa fd budh jQfp] n'kZu vkSj
fp=kdkjh esa FkhA
mu fnuksa dh f'k{kk cgqvk;keh gksrh FkhA mnkgj.kkFkZ] f'k"; dks
osQoy ijaijk vkSj lkfgR; dk Kku gh ugha gksuk pkfg, cfYd ryokj
pykus] oqQ'rh yM+u]s ykBh pykus] Hkkys&xksys isQd
a us dk vH;kl gksuk
pkfg,A fe;ka uthj osQ thou dk ,d cM+k Hkkx [ksyowQn esa chrkA
iPphlk] xatiQk] pkSlj] 'krjat osQ vfrfjDr nhokyh ij tqvk Hkh
[ksyk (uthj rks cuk gS tqvkfj;k fnokyh dk)_ iraxckth dhA oqQ'rh
yM+h (oqQ'rh esa geus fdruh eqr cnu dks rksMk+ )_ fxygjh] jhN vkSj
vtngs dk cPpk ikyk (ge csprs gSa ;kjks!a vtngs dk cPpk) rSjkdh
esa fnypLih yh (bl vkxjs esa D;k&D;k ,s! ;kj iSjrs gS)_ esy&s Bsy]s
rht R;kSgkj dk vkuan mBk;kA 'ks[k lyhe fp'rh osQ mlZ osQ lkFk gh
cynso th dk esyk Hkh ns[kkA 'kCcjkr] bZn osQ lkFk gh j{kkca/u vkSj
gksyh Hkh eukbZA okLro esa uthj us iwjh rjg thou dks ft;kA lkFk gh
;gh ,d mke ikFks; Fkk] ftlosQ lgkjs py dj Hk;kog orZeku nq[kksa
dks oqQN le; osQ fy, Hkqyk;k tk ldrk FkkA
fookg rFkk ifjokj
fe;ka uthj dk fookg vkxjk osQ vgnh vCnqy jgeku [kka
9

pqxrkbZ dh uoklh eqgEen jgeku [kka dh csVh rgOojQflk csxe osQ

lkFk gqvk] tks rktxat eqgYys esa eydks xyh esa jgrs FksA uthj
vdcjkcknh Hkh ckn esa uwjh njokts okyk edku NksM+dj rktxat esa
tk clsA ogha viuk edku cuok fy;kA budh nks larkusa ,d iq=k
xqytkj vyh ^vlhj* rFkk iq=kh bekeh csxe gqbZ bekeh csxe dh
csVh foyk;rh csxe ls gh tkudkjh izkIr dj izksisQlj 'kgckt us
uthj vdcjkcknh osQ laca/ esa egoiw.kZ ys[ku&dk;Z fd;kA
thou&;kiu
thou&;kiu osQ fy, uthj us oqQN fnu eFkqjk esa yM+osQ i<+kus
dh ukSdjh dhA ogka eu ugha yxk rks vkxjk vkdj HkkmQ fdysnkj
osQ mLrkn cu x,A blosQ ckn oqQN fnuksa eqgEen vyh [kka osQ cPpksa
dks i<+k;k ij ;gka Hkh vf/d fnu ugha fVosQA ;gka ls ukSdjh
NksM+dj vkxjk osQ ekbZFkku eqgYys esa jktk foykl jk; osQ cPpksa dks
l=kg jQi, ekgokj ij i<+kus yxsA ,d le; dk [kkuk Hkh ogha [kkrs
FksA rktxat ls vkus&tkus osQ fy, ?kksM+h dk iz;ksx djrs FksA
fe;ka uthj dk eq[; dk;Z cPpksa dks f'k{kk nsuk vksj 'kk;jh
djuk FkkA mudk vf/drj le; cPpksa dks f'k{kk nsus esa O;rhr gksrk
FkkA ;gh mudk thfodk dk lk/u FkkA os vkxjk osQ izfl f'k{kdksa
esa ls FksA mUgksaus jktk foykljk; osQ yM+oQksa gjc['kjk;] xqjQc['kjk;]
ewypanjk;] eulq[kjk;] ca'kh/j rFkk 'kadjnkl dks i<+k;kA buosQ
vfrfjkQ vU; cPpksa dks Hkh uthj us i<+k;k FkkA
'kk;jh osQ {ks=k esa muls izsj.kk xzg.k djus okys f'k";ksa dh la[;k
oSls rks cgqr Fkh ysfdu izks- 'kgckt us muesa eq[; fuEufyf[kr uke
fxuok, gS&
1- [kyhiQk xqytkj vyh ^vlhj* (iq=k)
2- gdhe ehj oqQrqchu ckfru
3- fetkZ vlnqYykg ^xkfyc*
4- egkjkt cyoar flag
10

5- ykyk cqlSu lkiQh

6- 'ks[k enkjh ^tehj*
7- gdhe ehj eqgEen ^tkfgj*
8- [ks'k uchcD'k ^vkf'kd*
9- eqa'kh gqlSu vyh [kka ^ego*
10- csnku c['k ^ygj*
11- 'ks[k gqlSu c['k ^c['kh*
buesa ls fetkZ xkfyc osQ f'k";Ro osQ laca/ esa fopkjdksa osQ
fofHk fopkj gSaA fetkZ xkfyc dky ekuqlkj uthj vdcjkcknh
(lu~ 1735&1830 bZ-) vSj fetkZ xkfyc (lu~ 1797&1869) osQ
dfo gSaA bl izdkj uthj dk cq<+kik] xkfyc dk cpiu vkxjs esa
chrkA izksisQlj 'kgckt dk dFku gS& ml le; vkxjk es [kyhiQk
eqvTte vkSj fe;ka uthj nks gh eqerkt eqYykvksa esa FksA xkfyc dks
bUgha nks dh rjiQ tkuk iM+kA
uthj viuh ys[kuh osQ cy ij gnw o eqlyekuksa esa leku jQi
ls yksdfiz; FksA jkg pyrs yksx uthj dks jksddj dfork lqukus dk
vkxzg djrs vkSj uthj lg"kZ dfork lqukus dks jkth gks tkrsA /kfeZd
HksnHkko uthj dks Nw rd ugha x;k FkkA ^Lrqfr HkSjksa th* vkt Hkh
rktxat fLFkr 'ke'kku ?kkV ij HkSjksa th osQ eafnj eas iw.kZ Jk ls xk;h
tkrh gSA
dfo uthj ljy LoHkko osQ FksA tc os ?kj ls fudyrs rks
vDlj yksx jkLrk jksddj [kM+ gks tkrsA ?kksM+h ,slh l/ xbZ Fkh fd
tgka yksxksa us lyke fd;k] og [kM+h gks tkrhA lc dgrs] fe;ka igys
dfork lqukos]a rc vkxs tkus nsxa As uthj ogha cSBdj dfork cukrs vkSj
?kaVksa lqukrs_ isQjh yxkdj eky cspus okys muls dfork,a fy[kok ys
tkrs vkSj xyh owQpksa esa xk&xkdj viuk eky cspk djrsA ddM+h cspus
okyk ihNs iM+k rks ^vkxjs dh ddM+h* uked jpuk dhA
Hkh[k ekaxus okys tksxh us fuosnu fd;k rks ^dUgS;k dk ckyiu*
11

dfork dgh vkSj og dM+k ctk&ctkdj mls xk&xkdj Hkh[k ekaxus

yxk&
,s l k Fkk cka l q j h os Q ctS ; k dk ckyiuA
D;k&D;k dgwa eSa fd'ku dUgS;k dk ckyiuA

fe;ka uthj LokfHkeku vkSj Lora=k izfr osQ dfo FksA mUgksaus
dHkh fdlh jktk] uokc ;k jbZl dh iz'kalk eas ,d iafkQ Hkh ugha
fy[khA mUgksaus tks oqQN fy[kk] turk osQ fy, fy[kkA os u rks yksHkh
Fks vkSj u mUgsa fdlh dh [kq'kken djuk gh ilan FkkA dgk tkrk gS]
y[kumQ osQ uokc lvknr vyh [kka dfo vkSj dykdkjksa dk cgqr
lEeku djrs FksA mUgsa uthj dh xjhch dk irk pyk rks mUgsa vius
;gka cqykus osQ fy, vkneh HkstsA HksaVLojQi oqQN /u Hkh HkstkA uthj
us ml le; rks os jQi, j[k fy, vkSj y[kumQ tkus dk ok;nk Hkh
dj fy;kA ijarq mUgas mu jQi;ksa ls ,slh Xykfu gqbZ fd jkr Hkj uhan
ugha vkbZA lqcg mBdj mUgksaus os jQi;s okil dj fn, vkSj dgk]
ckn'kkg ls esjk lyke dguk] esjh rjiQ ls ekiQh ekaxuk] vkSj vtZ
djuk fd uthj iQdhj rks viuh >ksiM+h esa gh [kq'k gS 'kkgh egyksa
esa jguk mldh rdnhj eas ughaA
izksisQlj 'kgckt us fy[kk gS fd muosQ firk eqgEen iQk:d
vthekckn osQ fdUgha uokc osQ ;gka ukSdj FksA muosQ nsgkar osQ ckn
mudk eky&lkeku ysus osQ fy, mudks cqyk;k x;k] ysfdu ;g ugha
x,A mudks fy[k fn;k fd i;k vki eky [kSjkr dj nhft,A
czt {ks=k esa uthj dh dfork dh cgqr /we FkhA mudh iz'kalk
ls izHkkfor gksdj Hkjriqj osQ jktk us bUgsa vius ;gka cqyk;k ysfdu
ogka Hkh ugha x,A fe;ka uthj dks vkxjk bruk ilan Fkk fd mUgksaus
vkxjs dh gn ls ckgj tkus dh bPNk ugha dhA reke vkea=k.kksa vkSj
izyksHkuksa osQ ckotwn dfork dks mUgksaus O;olk; esa ifjofrZr ugha
gksus fn;kA ,d ckj uokc okftn vyh 'kkg osQ nwr osQ yxkrkj
vkxzg o ncko ij og y[kumQ tkus osQ fy, rS;kj gks x, FksA uthj
viuh ?kksM+h ij lokj gksdj fudys] uthj rc rd vkxs c<+rs jgs]
12

tc rd [kwclwjr rkt utjksa ls vks>y ugha gqvk Fkk] ftldh Nk;k

esa uthj us mez clj dh FkhA oqQN nwj pyus osQ ckn ,d ,slh
fLFkfr vkbZ] rc rkt utj ls vks>y gksus yxkA bl nq[k us dfo dks
LrC/ dj fn;k vkSj mlosQ ckn og fiQj okil ykSV iM+s--- rkt
vkSj vkxjs dh vksj] bl fu'p; osQ lkFk fd fujarj rkt dks ns[krs
gq, og vkxjs esa vkthou f'k{kd dh ukSdjh dj larq"V jgsaxs
cfuLcr y[kumQ osQ le` njckj esa foykliw.kZ thou fcrkus osQA
uthj osQ /eZ esa ckjs eas mudh fLFkfr fooknkLin cuh jghA
fuLlansg] buosQ firk lqh eqlyeku Fks] ysfdu os [kqn f'k;k
eqlyeku FksA /eZ ifjorZu dh izf;k osQ ckjs esa dksbZ fuf'pr
laosQr&lw=k miyC/ ugha gS] ,slk laHkor% mudh eka osQ fof'k"V
izHkko osQ pyrs gh gqvk gksxk] tks Lo;a f'k;k FkhaA uthj brus
mnkjoknh Fks fd va/ ijaijkvksa vkSj /kfeZd jQf<+;ksa dks mUgksaus thou
osQ {ks=k esa drbZ ugha vkus fn;kA fo'okl ls f'k;k gksus osQ ckotwn
lwfiQ;ksa osQ jgL;okn dh vksj mudk cgqr jQ>ku FkkA os fnYyh osQ
e'kgwj lwiQh ekSykuk iQ[kjQhu osQ vuU; iz'kald FksA
uthj dks lkS o"kZ dh yach tnxh feyhA ydok ekj tkus osQ
rhu o"kZ ckn bUgksaus vius vkaxu osQ uhe vkSj csj osQ isM+ksa dh Nk;k
esa vafre fojke fy;k] ftudh Nkao eas vkthou [kwclwjr dfork,a
fy[krs jgs Fks] tgka 'kkfxZn ;qok dfo;ksa ls ckrphr gksrh Fkh vkSj
vius f'k";ksa dks f'k{kk nh Fkha bu isM+ksa dh Nk;k uthj osQ iwjs mRd"kZ
dh lk{kh jghA budh e`R;q osQ ckn f'k;k&lqf;ksa osQ vykok gnqvksa
us Hkh viuk gd trk;kA ?kj esa isM+ksa dh Nk;k esa fe;ka uthj dks
niQukdj etkj cuk nh xbZ vkS gnw f'k";ksa vkSj iz'kaldksa us buosQ
diQu dks tykdj Jkatfy vfiZr dhA
e`R;q frfFk
uthj dh bu dkO; iafkQ;ksa dks i<+dj uthj dh vk;q dk
vuqeku Lo;a gks tkrk gS&
13

,s ;kj lkS cjl dh gqbZ viuh mez vkdjA

vkSj >qfjZ;ka iM+ha gSa lkjs cnu osQ mQijAA

uCcs&ipkuos osQ yxHkx vk;q dk igqapk gqvk O;fkQ Lo;a dks

yxHkx lkS o"kZ dk dg ldrk gSA lu~ 1243 fgtjh esa mu ij
iQkfyt fxjk vkSj rhu lky osQ ckn 26 liQj 1246 fgtjh rnuqlkj
26 vxLr lu~ 1930 dks mudk nsgkar gqvkA
bl izdkj ,d egku~ thou dk var gqvkA egku~ blfy, fd
mldk ,d&,d {k.kiwjh larqf"V vkSj [kwclwjrh ls ft;k x;k FkkA
fo/ok iRuh] ,d csVk rFkk csVh osQ vykok] os viuh ihNs lSdM+ksa
f'k";ksa dk lalkj NksM+ x, vkSj lalkj osQ fy, viuk vewY; 'kk'or
dkO;&
vkf[kj osQ rbZ gal vosQyk gh fl/kjkA

czt&{ks=k vkSj vkxjkoklh vc Hkh vius fiz; dfo fe;ka uthj

vdcjkcknh dk Lej.k djrs gSaA clar&iapeh osQ 'kqHk volj ij
'kgj osQ izcq ukxfjd] dykdkj] vf/dkjh] jktusrk] lektlsoh]
dfo] 'kk;j vkfn rktxat dh eydks xyh esa fLFkr uthj dh etkj
osQ ikl vk;ksftr uthj esys esa ,d=k gksrs gSa vkSj cM+s Jk Hkko ls
mudh uTeksa dks xkrs o izLrqr djrs gSaA
fiNys 70 o"kks ls vk;ksftr uthj esys osQ ckjs esa yrhiQmhu
lkgc vkSj MkW- xqjQeq[kjke VaMu us vius vuqHko lqukrs gq, crk;k
Fkk& eq>s ;kn gS fd clar osQ fnu vkxjs osQ eksgYys eksrh dVjk]
xksoqQyiqjk] Nkk oxSjg esa uthj osQ pkgus okys Vksfy;ka cuk dj
ihyh Vksfi;ka igudj uthj dh uTesa i<+rs gq, tkrs Fks_ buesa
vdlfj;r gnw gtjkr dh gksrh FkhA fnu Hkj uthj dh 'kk;jh dks
[kkl vankt ls i<+us osQ eqdkcys gksrs FksA cPps ihys oqQrsZ] vkSjrsa
ihys nqis] /ksfr;ka igurh FkhaA ,d [kkl ckr vkSj vkius crkbZ fd
uthj dk T;knrj dyke de i<+s&f[kys ;k vui<+ yksxksa dks tqckuh
;kn Fkk&yksdxhrksa dh rjgA
14

uthj dh jpuk,a
dfooj uthj vdcjkcknh osQ thou esa dksbZ dkO; laxzg ugha
Ni ldkA bldk lcls cM+k dkj.k Fkk fd uthj jkg pyrs gq,
^uTesa* dgk djrs Fks] mudk dksbZ laxzg ugha djrs FksA mudk lkjk
dkO; LiqQV jQi esa feyrk gS] mudh dforkvksa osQ iz'kaldksa us mudh
jpukvksa dks latksdj j[kkA
;g rks lc Lohdkj djrs gS fd uthj us cgqr fy[kk] ysfdu
mudh jpukvksa dh fu'fpr la[;k dksbZ ugha crk ldkA uthj }kjk
jpukvksa dks 'kkL=kh; fu;e] lkfgfR;d lkSan;Z vkSj jktlh lkt&laokj
ls nwj j[kus osQ dkj.k cgqr le; rd lkfgR;dkjksa us uthj osQ
dkO; dks lk/kj.k vkSj ?kfV;k le>dj misf{kr j[kk vkSj dksbZ
O;ofLFkr laxzg rS;kj ugha gks ldkA dfo uthj us Hkh viuh
jpukvksa dks tek ugha fd;kA muosQ f'k";ksa] fe=kkksa vkSj iz'kaldksa osQ
ikl mudh jpuk,a iM+h jghaA
uthj osQ mnwZ osQ nks vkSj iQkjlh osQ rhu nhokuksa dk laxzg Hkh
feyrk gSA uthj us iQkjlh Hkk"kk esa x| Hkh fy[kkA iQkjlh dh gh
ukS fr;ksa dh [kkst gqbZA mu jpukvksa dh lkrksa ikaMqfyfi;ksa dks ntZ
Hkh djk;k x;k] tks e'k bl izdkj gSa& uTesa] xthu] dns ekhu]
iQgfe, djhu] cTes ,s'k] 'kukbZ&,&tsck] gqLu cktkj vkSj rtsZ
rdjhjA (eksgEen glu] uthj vdcjkcknh] i`-25) ;s lkjh ikaMfq yfi;ka
fnYyh fo'ofo|ky; osQ ikaMqfyfi foHkkx esa miyC/ gSA
mnwZ&gnh osQ vusd fo}kuksa us mudh jpukvksa osQ NksVs&cM+s
laxzg izdkf'kr djk,A lkFk gh thou ifjp; Hkh izLrqr fd;kA bu
xzaFkksa osQ uke bl izdkj gSA
15

oqQfYy;krs uthj
%
jQgs uthj
%
eqar[kkcrs uthj
%
peus csuthj
%
nhokus uthj vdcjkcknh %
bar[kkc oqQfYy;krs uthj %
xqytkjs uthj
%
oqQfYy;krs uthj vdcjkcknh%

eqgEen vCnqy xiwQj ^'kgckt*

e[kewj vdcjkcknh
e[kewj vdcjkcknh
e[kewj vdcjkcknh
fetkZ iQjgrqYyk csx
lS;kn tykyqhu vgen tkiQjh
lyhe tkiQj
ekSykuk vCnqyckjh ^vklh*

uthj dh uTesa
nhokus uthj
bar[kkcs uthj
oqQfYy;krs uthj
bar[kkcs xtfy;kr uthj

%
%
%
%

eqgEen utj [kka

j'khn glu [kka
vtgj jkgh
MkW- efydtknk eatwj vgen
vdcjkcknh

uthj vdcjkcknh osQ gnh dkO; laxzg

v'kvkj&,&fe;ka uthj
uthj osQ 'ksj
nhoku&,&uthj
v'kvkj&,&uthj
uthj ckuh
nhoku&,&uthj (gnh)
egkdfo cs uthj

%
%
%
%
%
%
%

uthj dkO; laxzg

%
dfooj uthj
%
utj vdcjkcknh vkSj
%
egkdfo uthj vdcjkcknh%
nhoku&,&uthj
%
dfo Jh uthj
%
uthj vdcjkcknh
%

yYywjke] dydkk] 1812

Kku jRukdj izsl dydkk] 1868
bdcky] 'kga'kkgh izsl] vkxjk] 1897
jktukjk;k.k vxzoky] gkfiQt 'ke'kqhu
fiQjkd xksj[kiqjh
eqgEen utj [kka
j?kqjkt fd'kksj oru gfjnkl ,Ma oaQiuh]
eFkqjk
iafMr mn; 'kadj 'kkL=kh
MkW- f'koeaxy flag lqeu
ljLorh lju ^osQiQ* mudh 'kk;jh
j?kqjkt fd'kksj oru
eqgEenh izsl] /udksV] vkxjk
vehj eqgEen [kka
eksgEen glu
16

uthj xzaFkkoyh
%
uthj 'kk;jh vkSj tnxh %
uthj vkSj mudh fopkj/kjk%

uthj eqgEen
'kiQhdk iQjgr
vCnqy vyhe

blosQ vfrfjkQ NksVh&NksVh iqLrdksa osQ jQi esa fe;ka uthj dh

jpuk,a ckyiu dUgS;k dk] ukxyhyk] pwgsukek] egknso th dk C;kg]
vkVk&nkyukek] gksyh osQ jax uthj osQ lax izdkf'kr gqbZ gSaA xhrk izsl
xksj[kiqj ls izdkf'kr Hktu laxzg esa uthj osQ oqQN Hktu laxzghr gSA
uthj dh dkO;xr fof'k"Vrk
uthj vdcjkcknh vius tekus esa vkSj mlosQ cgqr fnuksa ckn Hkh
tulk/kj.k esa rks fiz; jgs drq mhloha 'krkCnh esa lkfgfR;d ekU;rk
izkIr u dj losQA rRdkyhu lekykspdksa us rks mudh iwjh mis{kk dj
nhA njvly] ml nkSj esa gnh esa jhfrdkyhu dfork gkoh Fkh rks mnwZ
esa njckjh 'kk;jhA uthj dh psruk vius le; ls cgqr vkxs c<+h gqbZ
Fkh] ftls muosQ ledkyhuksa us cgqr ihNs dh pht le>k vkSj mldks
dksbZ ego ugha fn;kA uthj osQ le; dk Hkkjr lkearoknh Hkkjr Fkk]
ftlesa ;k rks /eZ vkSj n'kZu osQ vk/kj ij lkfgR;&l`tu fd;k tkrk
Fkk ;k fiQj lkSna ;Z cks/ dk ,slk vk/kj <w<a k tkrk Fkk] tks lkear oxZ
osQ thou esa fey losQA
blosQ fojQ uthj fcyoqQy tulk/kj.k osQ dfo Fks] tks lkjs
thou dks mlh dh n`f"V ls ns[kk djrs FksA mUgksua s thou dh izR;sd
vuqHkwfr dk fp=k.k fd;k gS drq mudh psruk tulkkkj.k osQ thou
osQ ifjiz{s ; esa gh ns[kh tk ldrh gSA os izes dh ckrsa djsxa s rks Hkh mlesa
lk/kj.k tu dk rwiQkuh izes gksxk] HkfkQ dh ckrsa djsxa s rks Hkh ml lk/
kj.k tu dh Hkkouk dk fp=k.k djsxa ]s tks ".k vkSj eqgEen nksuksa osQ
vkxs ureLrd gks tkrk gSA egyksa vkSj njckjksa dh ltkoV dh
pdkpkS/
a vkSj 'kkgh lokfj;ksa ;k f'kdkj osQ o.kZu osQ ctk; muosQ ;gka
rSjkdh cYnso th dk esyk] vkxjs dh ddM+h] rktegy vkSj jhN dk
rek'kk fn[kkbZ nsxkA blosQ vykok os oqQN ,slh Hkh ckrsa dg tk,ax]s tks
17

lkearh ;qx osQ lH; lekt esa oftZr Fkha&a tSls xjhch dk jksuk] ekSr dk
Mj vkSj jksfV;ksa dk egRoA Li"V gS fd lk/kj.k drq lai.w kZ thou osQ
,sls ;FkkFkZoknh dfo dks laHkkyuk ml ;qx dh lkearh njckjh psruk osQ
o'k dh ckr ugha FkhA blfy, rRdkyhu vkykspdksa us cktkjQiu osQ
uke ij mudh yksdfiz;rk ls Nqh ik yhA
fons'kh dfo;ksa cUlZ vkSj foyksa dh rjg uthj ,d izfrHkkoku
vkokjk FksA (eqgEen glu] uthj vdcjkcknh] i`- 36) vkokjk dh
dksfV esa osQoy vlkekftd rRo gh ugha vkrs cfYd le; dh ekU;
lhekvksa dk vfre.k djus okys ltZd euh"kk dks Hkh blh dksfV esa
kosQy fn;k tkrk gSA
uthj us thou vkSj txr osQ oqQN i{kksa dks tku&cw>dj
vLohdkj fd;k ysfdu blesa bu i{kksa ls mudh vKkurk ugha Fkh]
cfYd lk;kl iz;Ru FkkA os ml leqnk; osQ yksxksa dks vPNh rjg
tkurs Fks vkSj mlosQ izcy fojks/h Hkh FksA ,d vke vkneh dh utj
ls vkxjk dh le`f] [kq'kgkyh vksj tokuh dks] blosQ vkd"kZ.k] ped
vkSj eLrh dks] etkd] NsMN
+ kM+ vkSj uaxis u dks cM+h [kwclwjrh ij
vktknh osQ lkFk uthj us viuh dfork esa vfHkO;fk nhA iwQgM+iu dks
fy[kus dk vijk/&cks/ bUgsa dHkh ugha gqvkA buosQ dkO; esa LoPNan
vfHkO;fk dh tks ikjnf'kZrk gS] og lekt ls Nqik dj dksbZ dk;Z ugha
djrhA tnxh osQ izR;sd {k.k dks O;kQ djus esa mUgsa dksbZ nqfo/k ;k
fgpfdpkgV ugha gksrhA
ml le; egyksa osQ Hkhrj Dykfld dkO; ijaijk dk fuokZg FkkA
egyksa dh pkgjnhokjh osQ ckgj vla[; dkexkj turk Fkh] tks vHkkoksa
dh tnxh thrs gq, Hkh yksd xhr] u`R;] igsfy;ka dgkfu;ksa dks
ih<+h&nj&ih<+h ekSf[kd jQi ls iznku dj jgh FkhA bl izdkj ;g
ltho o`gn jpuk&lalkj vkSj yksd dyk&l`tu thfor jgkA
bu nksuksa esa gkykafd dksbZ nhokj ugha Fkh fiQj Hkh vfyf[kr yksd
lkfgR;] njckjh laLfr o lkfgR; ls eqkQ jgk vkSj blus viuh
jpuk&ifr Hkh fodflr dhA
18

uthj dh dforkvksa esa nksuksa yksd dyk vkSj Dykfld dkO; osQ
ro feyrs gS]a ij nksuksa esa ledkyhu (rRdkyhu) okLrfodrk dk
iz;kl eq[kj gSA Hkksx&foykl osQ lk/uksa ls Hkjiwj jktegyksa dh jaxhu
ysfdu ne?kksVa w lhfer tnxh dks NksMd
+ j dfo uthj yxkrkj oafpr
yksxksa osQ thou ls lac jgs&mUgha dks uthj dh leLr 'kCn o dyk,a
lefiZr FkhaA
bl izdkj uthj dh dfork,a rRdkyhu lekt ls gekjk iqulkZ{kkRdkj
djkrh gSA uthj dh dfork,a Hkko vkSj Hkk"kk&f'kYi dh n`f"V ls bruh
lgt gS fd dgha&dgha ,slk yxrk gS fd dfo uthj vkt dh
fLFkfr;ksa dk fp=k.k dj jgk gSA dfo dh ^[kq'kken*] ^eqfylh*]
^jksfV;ka*] ^vknehukek* vkfn dfork,a vkt Hkh mruh gh izklafxd vkSj
tulkekU; fLFkfr;ksa osQ vuqjQi gS]a ftruh ml le; FkhA ;g fof'k"Vrk
fdlh dfo dh dkO;xr fof'k"Vrk dk egRo fl djrh gSA
euq";rk osQ xk;d
uthj vdcjkcknh dk thou gks ;k 'kk;jh& og lpeqp
tudfo fl gksrs gS_ vke vkneh osQ izfrfuf/_ euq";rk osQ lexz
xk;oQ muosQ lkjs frRo dks ,d uke nsuk gks rks og mudh
eqdfEey uTe dk 'kh"kZd gh] gks ldrk gS& ^vknehukek*A

19

catkjk ukek
1

Vqd fgLksZ&gok dks NksM+ fe;ka] er ns'k fons'k fiQjs ekjkA

2
3
dTtkd vty dk ywVs gS] fnu jkr ctkdj uDdkjkA
4
D;k cf/;k] HkSalk] cSy] 'kqrj D;k xkSus iYyk lj HkkjkA
D;k xsgwa] pkoy] eksaB] eVj] D;k vkx] /aqvk vkSj vaxkjkA
lc BkB iM+k jg tkosxk] tc ykn pysxk catkjkAA
xj rw gS yD[kh catkjk vkSj [ksi Hkh rsjh Hkkjh gSA
,s xkfiQy] rq> ls Hkh p<+rk ,d vkSj cM+k O;kikjh gSA
D;k 'kDdj feJh oaQn xjh D;k lkaHkj ehBk [kkjh gSA
D;k nk[k] equDdk lksaB] fejp] D;k osQlj ykSax lqikjh gSA
lc BkB iM+ jg tkos x k tc ykn pys x k ca t kjkA
rw cf/;k ykns cS y Hkjs ] tks iw j c if'pe tkos x kA
;k lw n c<+ k dj ykos x k] ;k Vks V k ?kkVk ikos x kA
dTtkd vty dk jLrs esa tc Hkkyk ekj fxjkosxkA
/u nkSyr] ukrh iksrk D;k] ,d oqQuck dke u vkosxkA
1- ykyp 2- MkowQ 3- ekSr 4- ekSr

20

lc BkB iM+ k jg tkos x k tc ykn pys x k ca t kjkA

;g [ksi Hkjs tks tkrk gS] ;g [ksi fe;ka er fxu viuhA
vc dksbZ ?kM+h] ij lkvr eSa] ;g [ksi cnu dh gS diQuhA
D;k Fkky dVksjs pkanh osQ] D;k ihry dh fMfc;k <duhA
D;k cjru lksus pkanh osQ] D;k feh dh gafM;k piuhA
lc BkB iM+ k jg tkos x k tc ykn pys x k ca t kjkA
D;ksa
tc
D;k
D;k
lc

th ij cks> mBkrk gS] bu xkSuksa Hkkjh&Hkkjh osQA

ekSr dk Msjk vku iM+k] rc dksbZ ugha xqurkjh osQA
lkt tM+kmQ tj tsoj] D;k xksVs Fkku fdukjh osQA
?kksM+s thu lqugjh osQ] D;k gkFkh yky vekjh osQA
BkB iM+ k jg tkos x k tc ykn pys x k ca t kjkA
5

exjQj u gks ryokjksa ij] er iwQy Hkjksls <kyksa osQA

lc ik rksM+ osQ Hkkxsxk] eqag ns[k vty osQ Hkkyksa osQAA
D;k fMCcs eksrh ghjksa osQ] D;k <sj [ktkus ekyksa osQA
6
7
D;k cqxps rk'k eq'kTtj osQ D;k r[rs 'kky nq'kkyksa osQAA
lc BkB iM+ k jg tkos x k tc ykn pys x k ca t kjkA
8
tc exZ fiQjk dj pkcqd dks] ;g cSy cnu dk gkaosQxkA
dksbZ ukt lesVsxk rsjk] dksbZ xkSu fl;s vkSj VkaosQxkA
9
gks <sj vosQyk taxy esa] rw [kkd ygn dh iQkaosQxkA
ml taxy esa fiQj vkg ^uthj* ,d Hkquxk vku u >kaosQxkA
lc BkB iM+ k jg tkos x k tc ykn pys x k ca t kjkA

5- ?keaMh 6- ,d izdkj dk Nik gqvk tjh dk js'keh diM+k 7- og diM+k ftl

ij isM+ksa dk fMtkbu gks 8- ekSr 9- dcz

21

ru dk >ksaiM+k
;g ru tks gS gj ,d ds mrkjs dk >ksaiM+kA
blls gS vc Hkh] lcds lgkjs dk >ksaiM+kA
blls gS ckn'kkg ds utkjs dk >ks a i M+ k A
bles a gh gS iQdhj fcpkjs dk >ks a i M+ k AA
10
viuk u eksy dk u btkjs dk >ksaiM+kA
^ckck* ;g ru gS ne osQ xqtkjs dk >ksaiM+kAA
blesa gh Hkksys] Hkkys] blh esa fl;kus gSa
bles a gh gks f 'k;kj] blh es a fnokus gS a A
blesa gh nq'eu] blesa gh vius ;xkus gSA
'kkg >ksaiM+k Hkh vius] blh esa uqekus gSA
viuk u eks y dk u btkjs dk >ks a i M+ k A
^ckck* ;g ru gS ne osQ xqtkjs dk >ksaiM+kAA
11
12
blesa gh vgys nkSyrks eqube vehj gSA
bles a gh jgrs lkjs tgka os Q iQdhj gS A
bles a gh 'kkg vkS j blh es a othj gS A
13
14
bles a gh gS ] lxhj blh es a dchj gS A
viuk u eks y dk u btkjs dk >ks a i M+ k A
^ckck* ;g ru gS ne osQ xqtkjs dk >ksaiM+kAA
blesa gh pksj Bx gS] blh esa veksy gSA
blesa gh jksuh 'kDy] blh esa BBksy gSA
bles a gh ckts ] vkS j udkjs o <ks y gS A
'kkg >ksaiM+k Hkh blesa gh djrs dyksy gS
viuk u eks y dk u btkjs dk >ks a i M+ k A
^ckck* ;g ru gS ne osQ xqtkjs dk >ksaiM+kAA
bl >ksaiM+s eas jgrs gS lc 'kkg vkSj othjA
10- Bsdk 11- nkSyrean 12- /uk<~; 13- NksVk 14- cM+k egku

22

15

blesa odhy c['kh o eqrlh vkSj vehjA

blesa gh lc xjhc gSa] blesa gh lc iQdhjA
'kkg >ksiM+k tks dgrs gSa] lp gS fe;ka uthj
viuk u eks y dk u btkjs dk >ks a i M+ k A
^ckck* ;g ru gS ne osQ xqtkjs dk >ksaiM+kAA

jksfV;ka
tc vkneh osQ isV esa vkrh gSa jksfV;kaA
iw Q yh ugha cnu es a lekrh gS jks f V;ka A A
16
vka [ ks a ijhjQ[kks a ls yM+ k rh gS a jks f V;ka A
lhus mQij Hkh gkFk pykrh gS jks f V;ka A A
ftrus ets gSa lc ;g fn[kkrh gSa jksfV;kaAA
jksVh ls ftudk ukd ryd isV gS HkjkA
djrk fiQj gS D;k og mNy owQn tk ctkAA
nhokj iQka n dj dks b Z dks B k mNy x;kA
Bk galh 'kjkc] lue lkdh] ml flokAA
lkS lkS rjg dh /we epkrh gSa jksfV;kaAA
17
iwNk fdlh us ;g fdlh dkfey iQdhj lsA
18
19
;g esgjks ekg gd us cuk, gSa dkgs osQAA
og lquosQ cksyk] ckck [kqnk rq>dks [kSj nsA
ge rks u pkan le>sa] u lwjt gSa tkursAA
ckck ges a rks ;g utj vkrh gS a jks f V;ka
20

jksVh tc vkbZ isV esa lkS dUn ?kqy x,A

21
xqytkj iwQys vka[kksa esa vkSj ,s'k rqy x,AA
nks rj fuokys isV esa ftrus Fks lc Hksn [kqy x,A
15- fglkc fdrkc j[kus okyk izca/d 16- ifj;ksa tSlh 'kDy lwjr okyh
17- fuiq.k] gksf'k;kj 18- lw;Z 19- pkan 20- 'kDdj 21- ckx

23

22

pkSng rcd osQ ftrus Fks lc Hksn [kqy x,AA

;g d'iQ ;g deky fn[kkrh gS jksfV;kaAA
jksVh u isV esa gks rks fiQj oqQN tru u gksA
esys dh lSj [okfg'ks ckxks peu u gksAA
HkwosQ xjhc fny dh [kqnk ls yxu u gksA
lp gS dgk fdlh us fd HkwosQ Hktu u gksAA
vYykg dh Hkh ;kn fnykrh gSa jksfV;kaAA
jksVh dk vc vty ls gekjk rks gS [kehjA
jQ[kh Hkh jksVh gd esa gekjs gS 'kgnks 'khjAA
23
;k iryh gksos eksVh [kehjh gks ;k iQrhj A
xsgwa] Tokj] cktjs dh tSlh Hkh gks ^uthj*AA
gedks rks lc rjg dh [kq'k vkrh gS jksfV;kaAA

22- pkSng yksd 23- xq/s gq, vkVs dh

24

vknehukek
nqfu;ka esa ckn'kkg gS lks gS og Hkh vknehA
vkSj eqfylks xnk gS lks gS og Hkh vkneh
tjnkj csuok gS] lks gS og Hkh vknehA
uSer tks [kk jgk gS] lks og Hkh vknehAA
;ka vkneh gh ukj gS vkSj vkneh gh uwjA
;ka vkneh gh ikl gS vkSj vkneh gh nwjAA
oqQy vkneh dk gqLuksa dcg esa gS ;ka tgwjA
24
'kSrka Hkh vkneh gS tks djrk gS eozQks twj AA
vkSj gknh jguqek gS lks gS og Hkh vknehAA
efLtn Hkh vkneh us cukbZ gS ;ka fe;kaA

24- Ny diV

25

curs gSa vkneh gh beke vkSj [kqrck[;kaAA

i<+rs gSa vkneh gh oqQjku vkSj uekt ;kaA
vkSj vkneh gh mudh pjkrs gSa twfr;kaA
tks mudks rkM+rk gS lks gS og Hkh vknehAA
;ka vkneh is tku dks okjs gS vknehA
vkSj vkneh ls rsx dks ekjs gS vknehAA
ixM+h Hkh vkneh dks iqdkjs gS vknehA
vkSj lqu osQ nkSM+rk lks gS og Hkh vknehA
fpYyk osQ vkneh dks iqdkjs gS vknehA
vkSj lqu osQ nkSM+rk gS lks gS og Hkh vknehAA
cS B s gS a vkneh gh nq d kus a yxk&yxkA
vkSj vkneh gh fiQjrs gSa j[k lj is [kksepkAA
dgrk gS dksbZ ^yks* dksbZ dgrk gS ^yk js yk*A
fdl&fdl rjg cspsa gSa phtsa cuk&cukAA
vkSj eksy ys jgk gS lks gS og Hkh vknehAA
;ka vkneh gh ykyks tokgj gSa cs cgkA
vkSj vkneh gh [kkd ls cnrj gS gks x;kAA
dkyk Hkh vkneh gS fd mYVk gS twa rokA
xksjk Hkh vkneh gS fd VqdM+k lk pkan dkAA
cn'kDy] cnuqek gS lks gS og Hkh vknehAA
ejus iS vkneh gh] diQu djrs gSa rS;kjA
ugyk /qyk mBkrs gSa oaQ/s iS dj lokj
dyek Hkh i<+rs gSa] eqnZs osQ dkjksckjA
vkSj og tks ej x;k gS lks gS og Hkh vknehA
vk'kjkiQ vkSj dlhus ls ys 'kkg rk othjA
gSa vkneh gh lkfgcs bTtr Hkh vkSj gdhj
;ka vkneh eqjhn gS vkSj vkneh gh ihjA
vPNk Hkh vkneh gh dgkrk gS ,s ^uthj*AA
vkSj lc esa tks cqjk gS lks gS og Hkh vknehAA
26

tj
25
nqfu;ka esa dkSu gS tks ugha eqfCryk, tjA
ftrus gS lcosQ fny esa Hkjh gS gok, tjAA
26
vka[kksa esa] fny esa] tku esa lhus esa tk;s tjA
gedks Hkh oqQN ryk'k ugha vc flok, tjAA
tks gS lks gks jgk gS lnk eqfCryk, tjA
gj ,d ;gh iqdkjs gS] fnu jkr gk;s tjAA
27

;g ikuh tks vc thLr dh lcdh fu'kkuh gSA

tj dh >ed dks ns[k osQ vc ;g Hkh ikuh gSA
;kjks gekjh ftlos Q lcc ftfUnxkuh gS A
;g ikuh ;g ugha] og lksus dk ikuh gSAA
tks gS lks gks jgk gS lnk eqfCryk, tjA
gj ,d ;gh iqdkjs gS] fnu jkr gk;s tjAA
28

vkcsfryk dh cawn Hkh vc ftlosQ gkFk gSA

29
og cwan D;k gS p'e, vkcs g;kr gSA
nqfu;ka esa ,s'k] nhu Hkh bJr osQ lkFk gSA
tj og gS ftlls nksuksa tgka ls futkr gSA
tks gS lks gks jgk gS lnk eqfCryk, tjA
gj ,d ;gh iqdkjs gS] fnu jkr gk;s tjAA
fdruksa osQ fny esa /qu gS fd tj gh dekb;sA
oqQN [kkb,] f[kykb, vkSj oqQN cukb,AA
dgrk gS dksbZ gk; dgka tj dks ikb,A
D;k dhft, tgj [kkb, vkSj ej gh tkb,AA
tks gS lks gks jgk gS lnk eqfCryk, tjA
gj ,d ;gh iqdkjs gS] fnu jkr gk;s tjAA
25- xzLr iaQlk gqvk 26- LFkku 27- thou 28- lksuk dk ikuh 29- ve`r
30- pkan dh izHkk dks ean dj nsus okys eq[kokyk

27

30

yM+dk lyke djrk gS >qd&>qd osQ j'osQ ekgA

cw<s cM+s lc mldh rjiQ I;kj djosQ okgAA
nsrs gS ;g nqvk mls rc fny ls [ok[okgA
,s esjs yky gks rsjk lksus osQ lsgjs C;kg
tks gS lks gks jgk gS lnk eqfCryk, tjA
gj ,d ;gh iqdkjs gS] fnu jkr gk;s tj
ftruh tgka esa [kYd gS D;k 'kkg D;k othjA
ihjks] eqjhn] eqfylks] eksgrkt vkSj iQdhjAA
lc gSaxs tj osQ tky esa th tku ls vlhjA
D;k&D;k dgwa eS [kwfc;ka tj dh fe;ka ^uthj*AA
tks gS lks gks jgk gS lnk eqfCryk, tjA
gj ,d ;gh iqdkjs gS] fnu jkr gk;s tj
eqfylh
tc vkneh osQ gky is vkrh gS eqfylhA
fdl rjg ls mldks lrkrh gS eq f ylhAA
I;klk reke jks t fcBkrh gS eq f ylhA
Hkw d k reke jkr lq y krh gS eq f ylh
;g nq[k og tkus ftl is fd vkrh gS eqfylhA
tks vgys iQTy vkfyeks iQkfty dgkrs gSA
eqfyl gq, rks dYek rd Hkwy tkrs gSaAA
iwNs dksbZ ^vfyiQ* rks mls ^cS* crkrs gSA
og tks xjhc xqjcka osQ yM+osQ i<+krs gSaAA
mudh rks mez H kj ugha tkrh gS eq f ylhAA
eqfyl djs tks vku osQ egfiQy osQ chp gkyA
lc tkusa jksfV;ksa dk ;g Mkyk gS blus tkyAA
fxj&fxj iM+s rks dksbZ u ysos mls laHkkyA
eqfyl esa gksosa yk[k vxj bYe vkSj dekyAA
lc [kkd chp vkosQ feykrh gS eqfylhA
28

cs V s dk C;kg gks rks cjkrh u lkFkh gS A

u jks ' kuh u ckts dh vkokt vkrh gS A A
eka ihNs ,d eS y h pnj vks < + s tkrh gS A
cs V k cuk gS nw Y gk] rks ckck cjkrh gS A A
eqfyl dh ;g cjkr p<+krh gS eqfylhA
eqfyl dk nnZ fny esa dksbZ Bkurk ughaA
eqfyl dh ckr dks Hkh dksbZ ekurk ughaAA
tkr vkSj glc ulc dks dksbZ tkurk ughaA
lwjr Hkh mldh fiQj dksbZ igpkurk ughaAA
;ka rd utj ls mldks fxjkrh gS eqfylhAA
nqfu;k esa ysosQ 'kkg ls] ,s ;kjks rk iQdhjA
[kkfyd u eqfylh esa fdlh dks djs vlhjA
31
32
v'kjkiQ dks cukrh gS ,d vku esa gdhj A
D;k&D;k esa eqfylh dh [kjkch dgwa ^uthj*AA
og tkus ftlosQ fny dks tykrh gS eqfylhAA
cpiu
D;k fnu Fks ;kjks og Hkh Fks tcfd Hkksys HkkysA
fudys Fkh nkbZ ysdj fiQjrs dHkh nnk ysA
pksVh dksbZ j[kk ys cn~?kh dksbZ fiUgk ysA
galyh xys esa Mkys fer dksbZ c<+k ysA
eksVsa gksa ;k fd nqcys] xksjs gksa ;k fd dkysA
D;k ,s ' k yw V rs gS a eklw e Hkks y s Hkkys A A
tks dks b Z pht ns o s fur gkFk vks V rs
xqM] csj] ewyh] xktj] ys eqag esa ?kksVrs
ckck dh ewaN eka dh pksVh [klksVrs
xnks esa vV jgs gSa] [kkdksa esa yksVrs
31- 'kjhiQ yksx 32- rqPN NksVk
29

gS a A
gSaAA
gSaA
gSaA

oqQN fey x;k lks ih ysa] oqQN cu x;k lks [kkysa

D;k ,s ' k yw V rs gS a eklw e Hkks y s Hkkys A A
tks mudks nks lks [kkysa] iQhdk gks ;k lyksukA
gS ckn'kkg ls csgrj tc fey x;k f[kykSukAA
ftl tk is uhan vkbZ fiQj oka gh mudks lksukA
ijok u oqQN iyax dh us pkfg, fcNkSukAA
Hkksaiw dksbZ ckt ys] fiQjdh dksbZ fiQjk ysA
D;k ,s ' k yw V rs gS a eklw e Hkks y s Hkkys A A
;s ckysiu dk ;kjks] vkye vtc cuk gSA
;g mez oks gS blesa tks gS lks ckn'kkg gSAA
vkSj lp vxj ;s iwNks rks ckn'kkg Hkh D;k gSA
vc rks ^uthj* esjh lcdks ;gh nqvk gSAA
thrs jgs lHkh os Q vklks & eq j kn okys A
D;k ,s ' k yw V rs gS a ] eklw e Hkks y s Hkkys A A
30

cq<+kik
D;k dgj gS ;kjks ftls vtk, cq<+kikA
vkS j ,s ' k tokuh os Q rbZ [kk, cq < + k ikAA
34
bJr dks feyk [kkd esa xe yk, cq<+kikA
gj dke dks gj ckr dks rjlk, cq<+kikA
lc pht dks gksrk gSA cqjk gk;! cq<+kikA
vkf'kd dks rks vYykg! u fn[kyk, cq<+kikAA
33

33- nSoh izdksi 34- [kq'kh] vkuan

31

D;k ;kjks ] myV gk; x;k gels tekukA

35
tks 'kks[k fd Fks viuh fuxkgksa osQ fu'kkukAA
Ns M s gS dks b Z Mky os Q nknk dk cgkukA
gal dj dksbZ dgrk gS] ^dgka tkrs gks ukuk*AA
lc pht dks gksrk gSA cqjk gk;! cq<+kikA
vkf'kd dks rks vYykg! u fn[kyk, cq<+kikAA
36

D;k ;kjks dgs a xks f d cq < + k ik gS gekjkA

ij cw < + s dgkus dk ugha rks Hkh lgkjkAA
37
tc cw<+k gesa dgosQ tgka gk;! iqdkjkA
38
dkfiQj us dysts esa xks;k rhj lk ekjkAA
lc pht dks gks r k gS cq j k gk;! cq < + k ik
vkf'kd dks rks vYykg! u fn[kk, cq<+kikAA
dgrk gS dksbZ Nhu yks bl cqM<+s dh ykBhA
dgrk gS dksbZ 'kks[k fd gka [khap yks nk<+hAA
bruh fdlh dkfiQj dks le> vc ugha vkrhA
D;k cw<+s tks gksrs gSa rks D;k muosQ ugh thAA
lc pht dks gks r k gS cq j k gk;! cq < + k ik
vkf'kd dks rks vYykg! u fn[kk, cq<+kikAA
udys a dks b Z bu iks i ys gks B ks a dh cukos A
pydj dksbZ oqQcM+s dh rjg dn dks >qdkosAA
39
nk<+h osQ dus maxyh dks yk yk osQ upkosA
;g [okjh rks vYykg! fdlh dks u fn[kkosAA
lc pht dks gks r k gS cq j k gk;! cq < + k ik
vkf'kd dks rks vYykg! u fn[kk, cq<+kikAA
40

xj fglZ ls nk<+h dks f[ktkc viuh yxkosA

>qjhZ tks iM+h eqag is mUgsa oSQls feVkosaAA
37- lalkj 38- bZ'oj dh nh gqbZ userksa ij rKrk izdV u djus okyk] nq"V
39- ikl 40- yksHk] ykyp] bPNk

32

41

42

xks e ls ga l us os Q rbZ nka r ca / kos AA

lc pht dks gks r k gS cq j k gk;! c<+ k ;k
vkf'kd dks rks vYykg u fn[kk, cq<+kikAA
og tks'k ugha ftlosQ dksbZ [kkSiQ ls ngysA
og tkse ugha ftlls dksbZ ckr dks lg ysAA
tc iwQl gq, gkFk FkosQ ikao Hkh igysA
fiQj ftlosQ tks oqQN 'kkSd esa vkos ogh dg ysAA
lc pht dks gks r k gS cq j k gk;! c<+ k ;k
vkf'kd dks rks vYykg u fn[kk, cq<+kikAA
djrs Fks tokuh esa rks lc vkils vk pkgA
43
vkSj gqLu fn[kkrs Fks og lc vku osQ fny [okg AA
;g dgj cq<+kis us fd;k vkg ^uthj* vkgA
vc dksbZ ugha iwNrk vYykg! gh vYykg! AA
lc pht dks gks r k gS cq j k gk;! cq < + k ik
vkf'kd dks rks vYykg! u fn[kk, cq<+kikAA

[ksy&rek'ks
dcwrjckth
45
gSa vkyesa ckth esa tks eqErkt dcwrjA
46
47
vkSj 'kkSd osQ rkbj ls gSa vEckt dcwrjA
48
Hkkrs gSa cgqr gedks ;g rkt dcwrjA
49
eqr ls tks le>sa gesa gejkiQ dcwrjA
fiQj gels Hkyk D;ksafd jgsa ckt dcwrjAA
44

gS a cljbZ vkS j dkcq y h 'khjkth fulkojA

pks ; k pa n uks a lCteq D [kh 'kLrjks vDdjA
35- papy 36- ;|fi 37- lalkj 38- bZ'oj dh nh gqbZ userksa ij rKrk izdV
u djus okyk] nq"V 39- ikl 40- yksHk] ykyp] bPNk 41- ckyksa dk dkyk djus
dh nok 42- /ks[kk] pkykdh 43- eueksgd 44- [ksy rek'kk 45- [kkl 46- mM+us
okyk i{kh 47- feys gq, 48- bBykdj pyus okys 49- fe=k] nksLr

33

rkmQfl;ks] oqQy iksfV;s] uhys] xqyh Fk;M+A

rkjksa osQ og vankt ugha ckesa iQyd ijA
tks djrs gS Nrjh osQ mQij ukt dcwrjAA
^owQ* djosQ ft/j osQ rb Nhih dks fgykosaA
oqQN gksos xjt fiQj og mlh flEr dks tkosA
oqQh dks u iQdkosa rks fiQj rg dks u vkosaA
NksM+ mudks ^uthj* viuk fny vc fdlls yxkosaA
vius rks yM+diu ls gS nelkt dcwrjAA
fxygjh dk cPpk
50
fy, fiQjrk gS] ;wa rks gj c'kj cPpk fxygjh dkA
gj ,d mLrkn osQ jgrk gS cPpk fxygjh dkA
os ysfdu gS gekjk bl dnj cPpk fxygjh dkA
fn[kk nsa ge fdlh yM+osQ dks] xj cPpk fxygjh dkA
rks ne esa yksV tk, ns[k dj cPpk fxygjh dkA
lisQnh esa og dkyh /kfj;ka ,slh jgh gSa cuA
50- euq";

34

fd tSls xky ij yM+dksa dks NwVs tqYiQ dh ukfxuA

fdukjhnkj ik] ftlesa ?kaq?kjQ dj jgs Nu&NuA
xys eas galyh] ikoksa esa dM+] vkSj ukd es yVduA
51
jgk gS ljclj xgus esa Hkj] cPpk fxygjh dk
iM+h mYiQr gS] tcls ,s ^uthj* bl 'kks[k cPPks dhA
mM+kbZ rc ls lSjsa geus D;k&D;k] oqQN rek'ks dhA
u [okfg'k yky dh gS] vc u finM+h dh] u fis dhA
u mYiQr oqQN dcwrj dh] u rksrs dh] u cxys dhA
gesa dkiQh gS vc rks mez Hkj cPpk fxygjh dkA

51- furkar] fcYoqQy

35

cjlkr dh mel
D;k vcz dh xehZ esa ?kM+h igj gS
xehZ osQ c<+kus dh vtc ygj gS
ikuh ls ilhuks a dh cM+ h ugj gS
52
gj ckx esa gj n'r esa gj 'kgj gS
52- taxy

36

melA
melA
melA
melA

cjlkr osQ ekSle esa fuiV tgj gS melA

53
lc pht rks vPNh gS ij ,d dgj gS melA
fdrus rks bl mel osQ rbZ dgrs gS xjekoA
54
55
;kuh fd f?kj vcz gks vkSj vkosQ jQosQ cko A
ml okQ rks iM+rk gS xtc tku esa ?kcjkoA
fny lhus esa csdy gks ;gh dgrk gS [kk rkoA
cjlkr osQ ekSle esa fuiV tgj gS melA
lc pht rks vPNh gS ij ,d dgj gS melAA
cnyh osQ tks f?kj vkus ls gksrh gS gok canA
56
fiQj can lh xehZ og xtc iM+rh gS ;dpan A
ia[ks dksbZ idM+s] dksbZ [kksys gs [kM+k canA
ne jQd osQ ?kqyk tkrk gS xehZ ls gj ,d canA
cjlkr osQ ekSle esa fuiV tgj gS melA
lc pht rks vPNh gS ij ,d dgj gS melAA
bZ / j rks ilhuks a ls iM+ h Hkhxs a gS a [kkVs a A
xehZ ls m/j eSy dh oqQN P;wafV;ka dkVsaA
diM+ k tks igfu, rks ilhus mls vkVs a A
uaxk tks cnu jf[k, rks fiQj efD[k;ka pkVsaA
cjlkr osQ ekSle esa fuiV tgj gS melA
lc pht rks vPNh gS ij ,d dgj gS melAA

53- vtkc] nSoh vkifk 54- ckny 55- ok;q] gok 56- FkksM+k] foaQfpr~

37

fry osQ yM~Mw

tkM+s esa fiQj [kqnk us f[kyok, fry osQ yM~MwA
gj ,d [kksaeps eas fn[kyk, fry osQ yM~MwA
owQps xyh esa gj tk] fcdok, fry osQ yM~MwA
gedks Hkh gSaxs fny ls] [kq'k vk, fry osQ yM~MwA
thrs jgs rks ;kjks] fiQj [kk, fry osQ yM~MwA
tc ml lue osQ eq>dks tkM+s is ;ku vk;kA
lc lkS n k Fkks M + k Fkks M + k cktkj ls ea x k;kA
vkxs tks ykosQ jD[kk oqQN mldks [kq'k u vk;kA
phtsa rks og cgqr Fkha] ij mlus oqQN u [kk;k
tc [kq'k gqvk og mlus tc ik, fry osQ yM~MwA
tkM+s esa ftldks gj ne is'kkc gS lrkrkA
ms rks tkM+k fyiVs ugha is'kkc fudyk tkrkA
mudh nok Hkh dksbZ] iwNks gdhe ls tkA
38

cryk, fdrus uqL[ks] ij ,d cu u vk;kA

vkf[kj bykt mldk Bgjk, fry osQ yM~MwA
tkM+s esa vc tks ;kjks ;g fry x, gSa HkwusA
egcwcksa osQ Hkh fry ls buosQ ets gSa nwusA
fny ys fy;k gekjk] fry 'kdfj;ksa dh jQ usA
;g Hkh ^uthj* yM~ M w ,s l s cuk, rw u s A
lqu&lqu osQ ftldh yTtr] ?kcjk, fry osQ yM~MwA
vkxjs dh ddM+h
igqaps u bldks gjfxt dkcqy njs dh ddM+hA
us iwjc vkSj u if'pe] [kwch Hkjs dh ddM+hA
us phu osQ ijs dh vkSj us cjs dh ddM+hA
nfD[ku dh vkSj u gjfxt] mlls ijs dh ddM+hA
D;k [kwc ueksZ uktqd] bl vkxjs dh ddM+hA
vkSj ftlesa [kkl dkfiQj] bLoaQnjs dh ddM+hA
D;k I;kjh&I;kjh ehBh vkSj iryh irfy;ka gSaA
xs dh iksfj;ka gSa] js'ke dh rdfy;ka gSaA
iQjgkn dh fuxkgsa] 'khjha dh glfy;ka gSaA
etuwa dh lnZ vkgsa] ySyk dh maxfy;ka gSaA
D;k [kwc ueksZ uktqd] bl vkxjs dh ddM+hA
vkSj ftlesa [kkl dkfiQj] bLoaQnjs dh ddM+hA
Nwus esa cxsZ xqy gSa] [kkus esa oqQjoqQjh gSA
xehZ osQ ekjus dks ,d rhj dh ljh gSA
vka[kksa esa lq[k dysts] BaMd gjh Hkjh gSA
ddM+h u dfg, bldks] ddM+h ugha ijh gSA
D;k [kwc ueksZ uktqd] bl vkxjs dh ddM+hA
vkSj ftlesa [kkl dkfiQj] bLoaQnjs dh ddM+hA
csy mldh ,slh uktqd] twa tqYiQ isp [kkbZA
cht ,sls NksVs] NksVs] [k'k[kk'k ;k fd jkbZA
39

ns[k mldh ,slh ujeh ckjhdh vkSj xqykbZA

vkrh gS ;kn gedks egcw c dh dykbZ A
D;k [kwc ueksZ uktqd] bl vkxjs dh ddM+hA
vkSj ftlesa [kkl dkfiQj] bLoaQnjs dh ddM+hA
ysrs gSa eksy bldks xqy dh rjg ls f[ky osQA
ek'kwd vkSj vkf'kd [kkrs gSa nksuksa feyosQA
vkf'kd rks gS cq>krs 'kksyksa dks vius fny osQA
ek'kwd gS yxkrs] ekFks iS vius fNyosQA
D;k [kwc ueksZ uktqd] bl vkxjs dh ddM+hA
vkSj ftlesa [kkl dkfiQj] bLoaQnjs dh ddM+hA
tks ,d ckj ;kjks] bl tk dh [kk;s
fiQj tk dgha dh mldks gjfxt u Hkk,
fny rks ^uthj* x'k gS ;kuh eaxk,
ddM+h gS ;k d;ker] D;k dfg, gk;
D;k [kwc ueksZ uktqd] bl vkxjs dh
vkSj ftlesa [kkl dkfiQj] bLoaQnjs dh
40

ddM+hA
ddM+hA
ddM+hA
ddM+hA
ddM+hA
ddM+hA