Chapter 12 Exercise 12A

Q. 1.

(i) loge 4 + loge 3 = loge 12

(vi) loge(e4) = x

6
(ii) loge 6 loge 7 = loge __
7

ex = e4
x=4

(iii) 2 loge 3 + 3 loge 2 = loge 32 + loge 23

= loge 9 + loge 8
= loge 72
(iv) 5 loge 2 2 loge 5 = loge 25 loge 52
= loge 32 loge 25
32
= loge ___
25
1
1
(v) __ loge 4 + __ loge 27
2
3
_
1
_
1
= loge 42 + loge 273
= loge 2 + loge 3
= loge 6
(vi)

1
__

1
__

loge 64 loge 64
2
3
= loge 8 loge 4
= loge 2

(vii) 2 loge 10 + loge 6 3 loge 4

= loge 100 + loge 6 loge 64

(
)
75
= log ( )
8

100 6
= loge ________
64
e

___

(viii) loge x2 + loge x = loge x3

1
(ix) __ loge x loge 7 + loge 2
2
__
= loge x loge 7 + loge 2
__

2 x
= loge ____
7
Q. 2.

2=x
_1

(viii) e2log e x = 7
__

elog e x = 7
__

x = 7
x = 49
(ix) e2log e x = 9
2

elog e x = 9
x2 = 9
x = +3
(3 is not possible since loge(3)
doesnt exist).
(x) e3log e 4 = x
elog e 64 = x
x = 64
(xi) loge x = 1 + loge 2
loge x loge 2 = 1
x
loge __ = 1
2
x
__ = e1
2
x = 2e
(xii) loge x = 3 loge 5
loge x + loge 5 = 3
loge 5x = 3
5x = e3
1
x = __e3
5
(xiii) 2 loge x = 1 loge 3

(i) ex = e
x=1
(ii) x = e2
1
(iii) ex = __
e

loge x2 = 1 loge 3
loge x2 + loge 3 = 1

x = 1
3

(vii) elog e 2 = x

loge 3x2 = 1

__

(iv) ex = e
1
x = __
3
(v) elog e x = 8
x=8

3x2 = e __
e
x = __
3

(since e and loge are

inverse functions).

3
1
(xiv) __ loge x + 1 = __loge 3
2
2
loge x + 2 = 3 loge 3
loge x 3 loge 3 = 2
x = 2
loge ___
27
x
___ = e2
27
x = 27e2

Q
Q. 9.

(i)
(ii)

(2x + 1) dx = x2 + x + c
(2x + 1)2 = (4x2 + 4x + 1)dx
4x3
= ___ + 2x2 + x + c
3

( )

Q
Q. 10.

(i)
(ii)

ln(5x + 1)
1 dx = _________
+c
______
5
5x + 1
1__ dx = __
1 dx
___
x

= x

Exercise 12B
Q. 1.

(i)
(ii)

Q. 2.

(i)
(ii)

Q. 3.

(i)
(ii)

Q. 4.

(i)
(ii)

Q. 5.

(i)
(ii)

Q. 6.

Q. 7.

Exercise 12C
E

cos x dx = sin x + c
sin 3x
+c
cos 3x dx = _____
3

Q
Q. 1.

sin x dx = cos x + c
cos 4x
+c
sin 4x dx = ______
4

1 4x dx = 2[ x2 ]1 = 2[9 1] = 16

(ii)

0 x2 dx = __13[ x3 ]0 = __13

(iii)

1 (2x + 1)dx = [ x2 + x ]1

(iv)

ln(2x + 3)
1
dx = _________ + c
______
2x + 3
2

1 ( 2 x2 ) dx =
4

dx = + c
e8x
+c
e8x dx = ___
8

1
__

[(

ex

(ii)

x
dx
________
__________
= sin1 ___ + c
10
2

(i)

1
1
x
_______
dx = __ tan1 __ + c
5
5
x2 + 25

(ii)

x2 + 625 = x2 + (25)2

(v)

25

tan1

x
___
25

+c

__

4 4
____
3

) (

6
= ln __ = ln 3
2
(vi)

1 x3 dx = __14[ x4 ]1
1

1
= __[(1)4 (1)4] = 0
4
Q
Q. 2.

ln 4

[ ]

ex dx = ex

ln 4

= eln 4 e0

x+1
1
__
_____
x dx = ( 1 + x ) dx
1
_____
dx = ln(x + 1) + c
x+1

2 __1x dx = [ ln x ]2 = ln 6 ln 2

dx
_________

1
___

4
= __
3

100 x

dx
________

3 4
_

2x2
2x ___
3 1
__
x x 4
= 2 x ____
3 1

=2 4

=41
=3

= x + ln x + c

(i)

= (4 + 2) (1 + 1) = 4

__1x dx = ln x + c

dx

__

1
x
_______
dx = sin1 __ + c
_________
7
49 x2

(ii)

= 2 x + c

(i)

(i)

1
_

= 2x2 + c

x4 dx = __5 + c
3x5
+c
3x4 dx = ___
5

=
Q. 8.

1
__

_
1

x5

ex

0 cos x dx = [ sin x ]0
_
p

Q
Q. 3.

_
p
2

p
= sin __ sin 0
2
=1

__

11
____
3

)]

Q. 4.

sin x dx = [ cos x ]
_
p

_
p

_
p

_
p

2
4

= cos

__
p

Q. 12.
Q

p
cos __
4
2

p
__

__
p

[ ()

ln 2 ex dx = [ ex ]lnln 25
ln 5

[ ]

_p
3

_
p
6

p
p
= 2 sin __ sin__
3
6
__

p
= 4 cos __ cos 0
3
=2

0 (cos x + sin x) dx
4

2
4

(cos x sin x) dx

= sin x + cos x

_
p
4

p
__

p
__

) (

(i)

16 x

ln2

e3x dx

[ ]

ln 2
1
= __ e3x
3
0
1
= __ [e3 ln 2 e0]
3
1
__
= [eln(2)3 1]
3
1 ln 8
1
7
__
= [e 1] = __[8 1] = __
3
3
3

1
x 2
= __ tan1 __
2
20
1
= __[tan1 1 tan1 0]
2
p
__
=
8

dx
0 ______
x2 + 4

dx
_______
2 _________
2
x 4
= sin1__
42
1
= sin11 sin1__
2
p p p
= __ __ = __
2 6 3

Q. 11.

Q. 16.
Q

_
p

p
p
+ cos sin __ + cos __
4
4
2 __
2
= 1 2

= sin

Q. 10.

_
p
_
p

12

__
p

_p

Q. 9.

0 sin 6x dx
1
= __ [cos 6x]012
6
p
1
= __ cos __ cos 0
2
6
1
= __
6

= [sin x cos x]04

p
p
= sin __ cos __ (sin 0 cos 0) = 1
4
4

__
p

Q. 15.
Q

_
p

Q. 8.

1
= +__ [sin 3x]06
3
p
1
= +__ sin __ sin 0
3
2
1
= + __
3

_p

0 cos 3x dx
_
p

0 sin x dx = 4 [ cos x ]0
_
p

_
p

Q. 14.
Q

= 3 1
Q. 7. 4

_
p

=3
Q. 6. 2 cos x dx = 2 sin x

0 sin 2x dx
1
= __ [cos 2x]06
2
p
1
= __ cos __ cos 0
2
3
1
= __
4

=52

3
_
p
6

_
p

Q. 13.
Q

= eln 5 eln 2

_
p

16

1
= __ [sin 4x]016
4
p
1
__
= sin __ sin 0
4
4
1__
= ____
4 2

1__
= ___
2
Q. 5.

0 cos 4x dx

_
p

(ii)

0 cos2 x dx
2

1
= __
2

_
p

0 (1 + cos 2x) dx
2

[
[

sin 2x
1
= __ x + _____
2
2
p ____
sin p
1 __
__
=
+
2 2
2
p
__
=
4

_
p
2

__

Q. 17.

(i)

_
p

dx
________
______

0 sin2(2x) dx
1
= __ 0 (1 cos 4x) dx
2
8

(ii)

x2

_
p
8

__

x 3
= sin1 __
2

__

3
1
= sin1 ___ sin1 __
2

p p
= __ __
3 6
p
= __
6

]
Q.
Q 20.

0 sin2x dx
3

1
__

(i)

(1 cos 2x)dx
2 0
_
p
sin 2x
1
= __ x _____ 3
2
2 0

__

1 p 3
= __ __ ___
4
2 3
__

Q. 18.

(i)

0
=

x 9
tan1 __

_
p
4

_
p

0 (1 + cos 4x)dx

[
[

(i)

dx
__________
__
0 ___________
2
2
1

( 2 )

[ ( )]
1
= sin
(
2 )
p
1

__

______

__8 x2

dx
___________
__________
__

( 8 )2 x2

___
__

Exercise 12D
E
dy
Q
Q. 1. ___ = 6y
dx
dy
___
y = 6 dx
ln y = 6x + c

dy
Q
Q. 2. ___ = 2xy
dx
dy
___
y = 2 x dx
ln y = x2 + c

y = ex

+c

__

y = e6x + c

2 x

x__
= sin1 ___
2

_
p

dx
______
0 ________
2
=

sin 4x
1
= __ x + _____
4
2
p
1 __
__
=
+0
2 4
p
= __
8
Q. 19.

__

0 cos2 2x dx
1
= __
2

dx __
__________

x__
= sin1 ___
__8
2
= sin1 ___
8
1
= sin1 __
2
p
__
=
6

9
90
1 [ 1
__
= tan 1 tan1 0 ]
9
p
___
=
36

(ii)

2 ________
dx

1
__

(ii)

dx
0 _______
x2 + 81

x2__ + 3

p 3
= __ ___
8
6

__

__
2p
1 p sin 3
= __ __ _____
2 3
2

_
p

x2 + ( 3 )2
__
1__
x__ 3
= ___
tan1 ___
3
3 1
1__
1__
= ___
tan1 1 tan1 ___
3
3
p
p __
1__ __

= ___
4
6
3
p __
= _____
123

3 ______
dx

_
p

_
p

(ii)

sin 4x
= _12 x _____
4
p __
1
1 __
__

=
2 8 4
1 p
= __ __ 1
8 2

Q. 3.

dy
___
dx

= cos x

Exercise 12E
E

Q. 1.
Q

dy = cos x dx
y = sin x + c
Q. 4.

dy
___
dx

dy
___
dx

= 3y
1
__
y dy = 3 dx
y

4x3
= ___
y

y dy = 4
y2

__

x3

dx

loge y loge 1 = 3x 3(0)

x4

loge y = 3x
y = e3x

________

y = 2(x4 + c)
Q. 5.

dy
___
dx

x3

y=e
+

dx

= 5y
1
__
y dy = 5 dx

+c

(x3

Q. 6.

dy
___

= 3 x2 dx

ln y =

dy
___

Q. 2.
Q

3x2y

dy
___

y
loge __ = 5x
2
y
__ = e5x
2
y = 2e5x

y dy = sin 2x dx
y2

cos 2x
__ = ______ + c
2
2

Q. 3.
Q

dy
___
dx

______

= 2x 1 y2

1
______
________
dy = 2x dx
1 y2

y2 = cos 2x + 2c

___________

y = cos 2x + 2c
Q. 7.

dy
___
dx

dy

Q. 4.
Q

dx
___
dt

sin1

y = 2x + c

y = sin(2x + c)

sin1 y sin1 1 = x2 02
p
sin1 y __ = x2
2
p
sin1 y = x2 + __
2

y = tan(x2 + c)

1 y

sin1 y|1 = x2|0

______
= 2 x dx
y2 + 1

______
dy
___
= 2 1 y2
dx
dy
________
______

= 2 dx
1 y2

1
______
1 ________
dy = 0 2x dx
2

= 2x(y2 + 1)

tan1 y = x2 + c

Q. 8.

log e y loge 2 = 5x 5(0)

sin 2x
_____

2 __1y dy = 0 5 dx

loge y|2 = 5x|0

+ c)

y =0
dy
___
sin 2x
dx = _____
y

dx

loge y|1 = 3x|0

= +c
2
2
y = 2(x4 + c)

1 __1y dy = 0 3 dx

p
y = sin x2 + __
2
= tx
1
__
x dx = t dt
x

e __1x dx = 1 t dt

__

t2 t
x
loge x|__e = __|1
2

__
t2 1
loge x loge e = __ __
2
2
t2 1
1
__
______
loge x loge e =
2
2

 2loge x 1 = t2 1

Q
Q. 8.

t2
__

loge x =

dy
y ___
__

=1
x2 dx
y dy = x2 dx

__
t2

x = e2
Q. 5.

dy
___
dx

y
= __x

y2
__
2

1
1
__
__
y dy = x dx
y

Q. 6.

ds
__
dt

Q
Q. 9.

sin t
_____

= s
dt
s ds = sin t dt

|2 = cos t| t
__

_
p
3

s2

p
__ 1 = cos t cos __
2
3
s2
1
__ 1 = cos t __
2
2
s2 2 = 2 cos t 1

y2 1 = 2 sin x 2
y2 = 2 sin x 1

__________

y = 2 sin x 1

s2 = 2 cos t + 1

__________

s = 2 cos t + 1
Q. 7.

dy
___
dx

4x3y = 0
dy
___ = 4x3y
dx
1
__
y dy = 4x3 dx
y

3 __1y dy = 0 4x3 dx
y

loge y|3 = x4|0

loge y loge 3 = x4 04

y
loge __ = x4
3
y
4
__ = ex
3
4
y = 3ex

__|1 = sin x|_p

2
2
2
y__ __
p
1
= sin x sin __
2
2
2
y2 1
__ __ = sin x 1
2
2

_
p

__

_
p
2

2 s ds = (sin t) dt
s2 s

1 y dy = cos x dx
y2 y

__

cos x
_____
y =0

dx

dy cos x
___ = _____
y
dx
y dy = cos x dx

ds
__

dy
___

sin t
+ ____
s =0

x3 x
__
=
|
0
3 1

3y2 = 2x3 2
2
y2 = __ (x3 1)
3
________
2
y = __(x3 1)
3

loge y|3 = loge x|1

loge y loge 3 = loge x loge 1
y
loge __ = loge x
3
y
__
= x let y = 21
3
x=7

y2 x3 1
__ = __ __
2
3
3

3 __1y dy = 1 __1x dx

0 y dy = 1 x2 dx

Q
Q. 10.

dy
___
dx

y 1
__x = __
x
dy y + 1
___ = _____
x
dx
1
1
_____ dy = __
x dx
y+1
y

1
1
dy = 4 __
0 _____
x dx
y+1
y

loge |y + 1|0 = loge x|4

loge |y + 1| loge 1 = loge x loge 4
x
loge |y + 1| = loge __
4
x
y + 1 = __
4
x
y = __ 1
4

Q. 11.

dy
___
dx

y2 sin x = 0

Q
Q. 14.

dy
___ = y2 sin x
dx
1
__
2 dy = sin x dx
y
y

[ ] = cos
1
[ y ] = cos x|

__

e __1y dy = sin x dx
__

__

p
loge y loge e = cos x + cos __
3
1
1
loge y __ = cos x + __
2
2

x
p

loge y = 1 cos x

y 1 = cos x cos p

y = e1 cos x

1
__
y 1 = cos x (1)

Q. 15.
Q

1
__
y = cos x + 2

xy

dx

p
loge y loge 2 = sin x sin __
6
y
1
loge __ = sin x __
2
2
y
_
1
__ = esin x 2
2

2 __1y dy = 1 __1x dx
y

loge y loge 2 = loge x loge 1

loge

_
1

y = 2esin x 2

y
__

= logx x
2
y
__ = x
2
y = 2x

p
(ii) Let x = __
2
__
_
_
1
1
y = 2e1 2 = 2e2 = 2 e
Q.
Q 16.

dv
___

= cos2 x
dx
v dv = cos2 x dx
v

1 v dv = 0 cos2 x dx

x
v2 v 1
1
__|1 = __ x + __ sin 2x
2
2
2
0
x
v
1
__
v2|1 = x + sin 2x
2
0
1
v2 1 = x + __ sin 2x
2
1
v2 = x + __ sin 2x + 1
2
_______________
1
v = x + __ sin 2x + 1
2

loge y|2 = loge x|1

_
p

loge y|2 = sin x|_p

1
1
__
__
y dy = x dx

Q. 13.

2 __1y dy = cos x dx
6

y2

dy
(i) ___ = y cos x
dx
1
__
y dy = cos x dx

1
y = _________
cos x + 2

Q. 12.

1
__

dy
___

_
p

loge y|__e = cos x|_p

x
x|p

1
y

= y sin x

dx

1
__
y dy = sin x dx

1
1 __
dy = p sin x dx
y2
1
__

dy
___

dy
2___= xy + x
dx
dy
2___ = x(y + 1)
dx
2
_____ dy = x dx
y+1
y

2
dy = 1 x dx
2 _____
y+1

x2 x
y
2 loge |y + 1|2 = __|1
2
x2 1
2(loge|y + 1| loge 3) = __ __
2
2
2
y_____
+1
x 1
2 loge
= ______
3
2

| |
y+1
x 1
log |_____| = ______
4
3
2

x2 1
______
y+1
_____ = e 4
3

dy
___ = e2x
dx

x2 1
______

y + 1 = 3e

x2 1
______

y = 3e

let x = 2

3
__

x
1
y
y|0 = __ e2x|0
2
1
__
y 0 = [e2x e0]
2
1
y = __[e2x 1]
2

y = 3e4 1
y = 5.35
Q. 17.

______
dy
x ___ = 4 y2
dx
1
1
______
________
dy = __
x dx
2
4 y
y

0 dy = 0 e2x dx

Q.
Q 2.

1
1
______
0 ________
dy = 1 __
x dx
2

4 y

y
x
sin1 __|0 = loge x|1
2
y
sin1 __ sin1 0 = loge x loge 1
2
y
sin1 __ = loge x
2
y
__ = sin (loge x)
2
y = 2 sin (loge x)
general solution

dy
___
dt2
_____
dx 2
___

( dt )

dv
dx
___ = v2, where v = ___
dt
dt

1 v
t
__
v |1 = t|0
1
__
v (1) = t 0
1
1 __
v =t
1
__
v =1t
1
v = _____
1t
dx
1
___ = _____
dt 1 t

___
p
__

Let x = e2

y = 2 sin loge

___

3 __
p
e2

p
y = 2 sin __ loge e
6
p
y = 2 sin __
6
1
y = 2 __
2
y=1

Q. 1.

d2y

___

dx2

dy
dy
___ = 2v, where v = ___
dx
dx
v
x
dv
1 ___
v = 0 2 dx

loge v|1 = 2x|0

loge v loge 1 = 2x 2(0)
loge 1 = 0
loge v = 2x
v = e2x End of Step 1

dt
0 dx = 0 _____
1t
x

x 0 = loge(1 t) (loge 1)
loge 1 = 0
x = loge (1 t)1

Q 3.
Q.

dy
= 2 ___
dx

d2s
___
dt2

1
x = loge _____
1t

=6

ds
dv
___ = 6, where v = __
dt
dt
v

4 dv = 0 6 dt

v|4 = 6t|0t
v 4 = 6t
v = 6t + 4
ds
__ = 6t + 4
dt
s

0 ds = 0 (6t + 4)dt
s

s|0 = (3t2 + 4t)|0t

s = 3t2 + 4t

End of Step 1

x|0 = loge (1 t)|0t

()

Exercise 12F

dv
1 ___
= 0 dt
v2

End of Step 1

Q. 4.

d2s
___
dt2

( )

ds
= __
dt

Q
Q. 6.

dv
___ = v2,
dt
v

ds
where v = __
dt

d2x
___
dt2

dv
___ = 2x
dx

dv
___
= 0 dt
v2

_
1

1 v
t
__
v |__1 = t|0

1 dv = 0 2x dx
v

v|1 = x2|0

v 1 = x2 0

1
__

v (2) = t

v = x2 + 1

1
2 __
v = t
1
__
v =t+2
1
v = _____ End of Step 1
t+2
ds
1
__ = _____
dt t + 2
s
t
dt
0 ds = 0 _____
t+2

2
dy
dv d y
let v = ___ ___ = ___2
dx
dx dx

= 2x

End of Step 1

dy
___ = x2 + 1
dx
y

10 dy = 0 (x2 + 1) dx

x3
y
y|10 = __ + x
3

)|

x
0

x3
y 10 =___ + x
3

x3
y = __ + x + 10
3

s|0 = loge (t + 2)|0t

s 0 = loge (t + 2) loge 2

t+2
s = loge _____
2
Q. 5.

( )

d2x
___

dx 2
= ___ + 1
dt
dv
dx
___ = v2 + 1,
where v = ___
dt
dt
v
t
dv
______
0 2
= 0 dt
v +1
v
tan1 v|0 = t|0t
dt2

tan1 v tan1 0 = t 0 tan1 0 = 0

tan1 v = t
v = tan t
dx
___ = tan t
dt
x

End of Step 1

0 dx = 0 tan t dt
x

x|0 = loge |cos t|0t

x 0 = loge |cos t| (loge |cos 0|)
loge |cos 0| = loge 1 = 0
x = loge |cos t|
x = loge |cos t|1
1
____
x = loge |cos t| OR x = loge |sec t|

Exercise 12G
E
Q. 1.
Q

dy
___
dx2

=y
dy
dv
v ___ = y, where v = ___
dy
dx
v

1 v dv = 1 y dy

2
v2 v y y
__|0 = __|0
2
2
2
2
y
v
__ = __
2
2

v2 = y2
v=y
(v = y wont work)
dy
___ = y
dx
y

dy
1 ___
y = 0 dx
y

loge y|1 = x|0

loge y loge 1 = x 0

loge 1 = 0

loge y = x
y = ex

Q. 2.

d2s
___
dt2

= 9s

Q 4.
Q.
ds
dv
v ___ = 9s, where v = __
ds
dt
v

dy
___
dx2

= y
dy
dv
v ___ = y, where v = ___
dy
dx

6 v dv = 2 9s ds

9s2 s
v2 v
__|6 = ___|2
2
2
2
9s2
v
__ 18 = ___ 18
2
2

______

v = 4 y2
______

(v = 4 y2 wont work)

______
dy
___ = 4 y2
dx
y
x
dy
______ =
0 ________
dx
4 y2 0

loge s loge e = 3t

loge s 1 = 3t

s = e13t
2

dx2

2
= __5
y

dy
dv
2
v ___ = __5, where v = ___
dy
dx
y
v

y
2
v dv = 1 __5 dy

|
2

v2
__

=
1

1
___

Q 5.
Q.

2y4 1

d2x
___
dt2

= 2x(9 + x2)
dv
dx
v ___ = 2x(9 + x2), where v = ___
dx
dt

1
v2 1
1
__ __ = ___4 __
2
2 2y
2

1
v2 = __4
y

1
v = __2
y
dy
1
___ = __2
dx y
y

1
v = __2 wont work
y

v = 9 + x2
(v = (9 + x2) wont work)
dx
___ = 9 + x2
dt

__ 1 = x|_1
3
3
3
y__ __
1
1
= x __
3
3
3
y3 = 3x

___

y = 3x

10

v2 = (9 + x2)2

_
1

81
v2 81 1
__ ___ = __(9 + x2)2 ___
2
2
2
2

9 v dv = 0 2x(9 + x2) dx

v2
1
__ 9 = __(9 + x2)2 0
2
2
(using the substitution: u = 9 + x2)

1 y2 dy = dx
y3 y

y y
x
sin1 __ 0 = x|0
2
y
sin1 __ sin1 0 = x 0
2
sin1 0 = 0
y
sin1 __ = x
2
y
__ = sin x
2
y = 2 sin x

loge s = 1 3t
dy
___

v2 = 4 y2

t
ds
e __
=
3dt
s
0
s
loge s|e = 3t|0t

Q. 3.

v2 4 = y2

v = 3s
(v = 3s wont work)
ds
__ = 3s
dt

y2
__
=

2
2
2
2
y
v
__ 2 = __
2
2
v2
__
2

v2 = 9s2

2 v dv = 0 y dy

dx
3 ______
= 0 dt
9 + x2

1
x x
__ tan1 __|3 = t|0t
3
3

)
p
x __
__
=t
3 4)

1
v2
__ 1 = __2 1
2
y

1
x
__ tan1 __ tan1 1 = t 0
3
3

1
__ tan1
3

p
x
tan1 __ __ = 3t
3 4
p
x
tan1 __ = 3t + __
4
3
p
x
__ = tan 3t + __
4
3

x = 3 tan 3t +
Q. 6.

d2x
___
dt2

2
v2 = __2
y

__

p
__
4

dy 2
___ = ___
y
dx

v2 = x3

64
__

0 dt

dx =

y2 = 9

Q. 7.

dy
___
dx2

dv
v ___ = 2y3
dy
y

v
__

dv
1
__
10 ___
v = 0 3 dt

1 t
v
loge v|10 = __t|0
3
1
__
loge v loge 10 = t
3
v
1
___
__
loge
= t
3
10
1
__t
v
___

=e 3
10
1
__t
v = 10e 3
Equation 1
10
When t = 3, v = 10e1 = ___
e m/s
1
__t
ds
(ii) __ = 10e 3
dt

from Equation 1

0 ds = 0 10e3t dt
1 t
t
s
s|0 = 30e 3 |0
1
__

__

1
= __2
y

F = 13 mv

F = ma

__

10 m/s
+

2 v dv = 1 2y3 dy

v2
__
2

(i)

2
+ __3 = 0
y

Q. 1.
Q

d2y
___2 = 2y3
dx
dy
d2y dv dv dy
dv
Let ___ = v ___2 = ___ = ___ ___ = v ___
dx
dx dy dx
dy
dx

Exercise 12H
E

1
__mv = ma
3
1
a = __v
3
dv
1
___
__
= v

3
dt

2
__
___
= t|0t
x 4
2
__ (1) = t
___
x
2__
___
=t+1
x
__
x
1
___ = _____
2
t+1
__
2
x = _____
t+1
2
x = _____
t+1

___

y = 3

v = x3 __
(v = x3 wont work)
3
__
dx
___ = x2
dt
3
__
x 2

__

2 dx

y2 1 = 8

64 =

__

v2|8 = x3|4
x3

1 y dy = 2

18

__
y2 y
18
__ 1 = 2 x|__2
2
y2 1
__ __ = 6 2
2
2

8 2v dv = 4 3x2 dx
v2

___

(v = y wont work)

__

dv 3x2
dx
v ___ = ___, where v = ___
2
dx
dt

2
___

v= y

3x2
= ___
2

__

2
___

11

1
__t
3

s 0 = 30e

4
v2 = 1 __2
x

(30)
1
__t
3

s = 30 1 e

______

When t = 3

1
s = 30(1 e1) = 30 1 __
e
(iii) As t ,

1
__t
e 3

4
v = 1 __2
x
4
(ii) For v = 0, __2 = 1 x = 2 m
x
5
(iii) When x = __
2

s 30(1 0) = 30 m
Q. 2.

a = 25v + v3

=
259

16
= 1 ___
25

dv = (25 + v2)ds

dv
0 _______
= 0
25 + v2

1
__
5

0.01

___

QED

___

ds

3
v = __ m/s
5

] []

0.01
v v
tan1 __ = s 0

( )

4
_______

vdv
____ = v(25 + v2)
ds
v

________

4
v = 1 ____
25
__

Q 5.
Q.

v
tan1 __ = 0.05

(i) F = ma

__

8a = (40 3x )

5
v
__
= tan 0.05
5
v = 5 tan 0.05

__

40 3x
a = _________
8
__
40 3x
dv _________
___
v
=
8
dx

v = 0.25 m/s

0 8v dv = 0 ( 40 3x2 )dx
v

Q. 3.

a=

v2

+ 100

dv
___ = v2 + 100
dt
t
20
dv
0 ________
= 0 dt
2
v + 100
1
v 20
___

tan1 ___ = t
10
10 0
1
t = ___ [tan1 2]
10

3
x

12

1
__
2

__

4x3

1
10x __ x3
2
let x = 100

_______________

__

dx

v
__

___
3
5

QED
x

3 x3 dx

[ ]

20x x3 = 0

v dv = 4

v2

v=

___________
__

__

NZL: F = ma
dv
4m
+ ___
___
x3 = mv dx

5
___

__

4v2 = 40x 2 x3
__
1
v2 = 10x __ x3
2

1
(ii) v2 = 10x __x3 let v = 0
2
__
1 3
__
10x x = 0
2 __

4m

x3

= 22.36 m/s

= 500

__

4v2|0 = ( 40x 2 x3 )|0

____

Forces

(i) v dv =

1
__

1
v = 1000 __(1000)
2

t = 0.11 s
Q. 4.

[ ]

= 2

1
__
x2

__

x(20 x ) = 0
__

20 x = 0
__

x = 20

5
1
1
v2 __ = 4 __ __2
9
9 x

20x x x = 0

x = 400 m

Q. 6.

5,000
dv
v ___ = ______
dx
x2
v
x
5,000
20 v dv = 10 ______
dx
x2
5,000 x
v2 v
__|20 = ______
x |10
2
5,000
v2
__ 200 = ______
x 500
2
v2 5,000
__ = ______
x 300
2
10,000
v2 = _______
600
x
_____________
10,000
v = _______
600
x
30
100
let x = ___ + 10 = ____
7
7

Forces
+

mg

mv2 g
100

NZL: F = ma

[
[

]
]

dv
v2
+ mg 1 + ____ = m___
100
dt
100 + v2
dv
________
___
g
=
100
dt
0
g t
dv
____
120 ________
=

dt
100 0
v2 + 100
g
1
v 0
___ tan1 ___
= ____t
10
10 120
100
gt
___

= tan1 12
10
t = 1.518

__________

v = 700 600
____

= 100

t = 1.5 s
Q. 7.

= 10 m/s
(ii) At its greatest height, v = 0
10,000
_______
600 = 0
x
10,000 600x = 0
10,000
x = _______
600
50
= ___ m
3
50
height above surface = ___ 10
3
20
= ___ m
3

Forces
O

kmVq

NZL: F = ma
dv
kmvq = mv ___
ds
0

u v1 q dv = k 0 ds

0
1
______ v2 q u = ks
2q
1
______ [ 02 q u2 q ] = ks
2q
u2 q
ks = ______
2q

Q. 9.
Q

Forces
O
x

u2 q
s = ________k QED
(2 q)
Q. 8.

5,000m

F =
2
x

2m
x5

NZL: F = ma
dv
2m
+ ___
___
x5 = mv dx

10

[ ]

5,000 m
________
x2

[ ]
]

1
2 1
__ v2 0 = __ __4
4x
2

(i) F = ma

0 v dv = 2 d x5 dx

= ma

5,000
a = ______
x2

1
1
v2 = ___4 __4
d
x

_______

1
1
v = ___4 __4
d
x

... 1

13

__

(i) When x = 3 d,

1
v v
__ tan1 __|2 = t|0t
2
2
v
1 tan1 __
tan1 1 = t 0
__
2
2
p
tan1 1 = __
4
1
v p
let v = 6
t = __ tan1 __ __
2
2 4

_________

1
1
v = ___4 ____4
d
9d

______

91
v = ______
9d4
v=

__

22
____

QED

3d2

vT =
Q. 10.

QED

d2

Q.
Q 2.

d2s
___
dt2

1
__
v 1=t0

0 ds = 0 (u + at) dt

1
__
v =t+1

1
v = _____
t+1
ds
1
__ = _____
dt t + 1

at2
s = ut + ___ QED
2
d2s
___
dt2

=a
dv
v ___ = a
ds
v

u v dv = a 0 ds

[ ]

s 0 = loge 2 loge 1

Q. 3.
Q

dt

14

dt2

( )

1 ds
= __ __
2 dt

Note: the integration does require a

substitution.

d2s
___

dv 1
___ = __ v
2
dt

= v2 + 4

dv
2 ______
= 0 dt
v2 + 4

loge 1 = 0

s = loge 2

v2 = u2 + 2as QED

dv
___

Exercise 12I

dt
0 ds = 0 _____
t+1

s|0 = loge (t + 1)|01

1
__ v2 u = as
2
2
v u2 = 2as

Q. 1.

1 v
t
__
v |1 = t|0

v = u + at
ds
__ = u + at
dt

Q. 11.

ds
where v = __
dt

1 v
t
__
v |1 = t|0

v u = at

dv
1 ___
= 0 dt
v2

u dv = a0 dt

( )

ds
= __
dt

dv
___ = v2
dt

ds
= a, Let __ = v
dt
dv
___

=a
dt

dt2

= 0.23 s

d2s
___

p
1
t = __ tan1 3 __
4
2

_______

1
1
(ii) From 1 , vT = x
sin ___4 __4
d
x
where vT = Terminal Velocity
1
___

dv
1
__
3 ___
v = 0 2 dt

1
v
loge v|3 = __ t|0t
2
1
loge v loge 3 = __ t
2

ds
where v = __
dt

1
v = __
t
loge __
3 2
1
__
t
v
__ = e2
3
1
__

v = 3e2
1
__
ds
t
__ = 3e2
dt
s

(since the

5th

0 ds = 4 3e2 t dt
1
__

second is from t = 4 to t = 5)
1
__

s|0 = 6e2

s=6
Q. 4.

5
__
e2

ds
= k __
dt
dt2

e2 m

( )

d2s
___

Q. 5.
Q

[]

dv
___ = kv2
dt

when s = 100, v = 10.

v

20 v2 dv = 0 k dt
1 v
t
__
v |20 = kt|0
1 v
t
__
v |20 = kt|0

[ ]

1 1
__ __2
2v

20kt + 1
1 ________
__
v=
20
20
________
v=
20kt + 1
20
ds
__ = ________
dt 20kt + 1

[]

1
1 ___
__
v 20 = kt
1
1
___
__
v = kt + 20

100

dv
1
25 ___
= ___0 dx
25
v2

1 v
1 x
___
__
v 25 = 25 x 0
1
x
1 ___
___
__
v 25 = 25
1 _____
x+1
__
v = 25
25
(i) v = _____
x+1
1
v |x = 99 = __ m/s
4
dv
v3
___
___
(ii)
=
from 1
25
dt
5
1
0 v3 dv = ___
25

when t = 0, s = 0, v = 20;

1
__ loge 2 = 100
k
1
k = ____ loge 2
100
Putting this into equation 3 gives
1
__
(loge 2)t + 1 = 2
5
5
t = _____ = 7.2 s
loge 2
v3
a = ___ ... 1
25
dv
v3
v___ = ___
25
dx

10

0 dt

1
= ___t
25

25 1
1
t = ___ ___ ____
2 25 100
3
t = __ s
8
Q 6.
Q.

20
0 ds = 0 ________
20kt + 1
1
s|0100 = __ loge (20kt + 1)|0t
k
1
__
[loge (20kt + 1) loge 1] = 100 0
k
loge 1 = 0
1
__ loge (20kt + 1) = 100
k
Equation 1

20
when ________ = 10
20kt + 1
Equation 2

20kt + 1 = 2
Equation 3

F
20

80 t

20
F = ___t + 0
80
t
F = __
4
2 __t
4
NZL: F = ma
+ __t
4 = 2a
t
(i) a = __ QED
8
t
dv
(ii) ___ = __
8
dt
v

0 dv = __18 0 t dt
t2
v = ___
16

... 1

15

t2
dx
___ = ___
dt 16

(i) v2 dv = 25ku 02 ds

1
0 dx = ___
t2 dt
16 0
t3
x = ___
48

(ii)

v2 dv = 25ku 02

[ ]

1
__[ 64u 03 u 03 ] = 25ku 02s
3
21u 03 = 25ku 02s

( )

_
1 3

4v2
From 2 x = ___
48
3
_
64v2
____
x=
48
3
_
4v2
x = ___
3_3
3x = 4v2v

0 ds

1 4u0
__ v3 u = 25k u 02s
3
0

_
1

= 16

4u0

... 2

From 1 t = 4v2

9x2

QED

21u0
s = _____ QED
25k
Q.
Q 3.

P 75,000
F = __ = _______
v
v
7,5000
v

v3

NZL: F = ma
75,000
_______
= 1,000a
v

Exercise 12J
Q. 1.

25m
v

P = Fv

[ ]

25m
dv
+ ____
___
v = m dt
t

1 v dv = 250 dt

[ ]

1
t = ___[9 1]
50
4
t = ___
25
t = 0.16
P
F = __ =
v

25kmu 02
________
v

25kmuo2
v

NZL: F = ma
2

25 kmu 0
dv
+ _________
= mv ___

v
ds

16

25

= 75t

1
__[625 25] = 75 t
2
600
t = ____
150
t=4s

1
25t = __ v2 1
2

Q. 2.

25

5 v dv = 75 0 dt
1
__ v2
2

NZL: F = ma

... 1

dv 75
___ = ___
v
dt
(ii)

P
F = __
v

75
(i) a = ___
v

(iii) From 1
dv 75
v ___ = ___
v
dx
25

5 v2 dv = 750 dx

[ ]

1
__ v3
3

25

= 75 x

1
x = ____[ 253 53 ]
225
620
x = ____
9
x = 68.89 m