Algebraic Expressions

An algebraic expression is a monomial or a sum of monomials

Ex: An algebraic expression with one variable

5x 4

3 x 7 y An algebraic expression
with two variables

Key words
Addition:
increased by more than combined, Together total of Sum Added to Subtraction: decreased by Minus Less difference between/of less than fewer than

 The numeric value of an algebraic expression is calculated by replacing each variable by its value if x=3 and y=-2 is equal to 7 5(3)+4(-2)=7

5x 4 y

 Multiplication
Of Times multiplied by Product of increased/decreased by A factor of (this type can involve both addition or subtraction and multiplication!)

Division: per, out of ratio of quotient of percent (divide by 100)

Equals is, are, was, were, will be gives, yields sold for

How to translate statements into an algebraic expression

1. identify the unknown with variable
2. Use the statement: Let x = 3. Look for key words to help write the equation. Highlight the key words 4. Write an expression to represent each key word 5. If more than one key word, write a final total statements

Class work and homework

Math 3000, page 112, activity 1 and numbers 1 and 2

Day 2:
Correct homework In class and homework: math 3000 page 113 # 3-7

One-variable first degree equations

A one variable first degree equation is a statement which contains a variable and which is constructed using the equality relation. ex: 5x + 4 = 14 is an equation x is the variable, 5x+4 is the left-hand side member and 14 the right hand side member

 Solving a one variable first degree equation consists of finding the value of x which transforms the equation into a true equality This value is then called solution of the equation

Example:
2x + 6 = 10 - 6 -6 2x = 4 2 2 X=2 The solution of the equation is 2

Class work and homework

Mathematics 3000 page 114 # 1, 2, 3 Page 115 # 4, Page 116 # 5,6

Inequality

An inequality is a statement of truth a math sentence Ex: x<9 translates to x is less than 9 Inequalities give us information We might not know what xs exact value is, but we do know that it is less than 9

Symbols
A mathematical sentence that compares two unequal expressions using one of these symbols

, , , , or

Properties of Inequality 1. Addition or Subtraction :

Add the same number or subtract the same number from both sides of an inequality to get an equivalent

2. Multiplication or Division: I. Multiply or divide both sides of an inequality by the same nonzero positive number and get an equivalent inequality

II.Multiply or divide by a negative number. - Inequality sign must reverse - Get an equivalent inequality

Homework
Next 4 slides Copy the tables and complete Answer two questions for each table

Complete it by writing the correct inequality after each operation

Inequality
6>-4 6>-4 6>-4 6>-4

Operation on both sides Add 2

Subtract 2 Multiply by 2 Divide by 2

New inequality

What happens to the inequality sign?

Can you make a rule that applies?

Complete it by writing the correct inequality after each operation

Inequality
6>-4 6>-4 6>-4 6>-4

Operation on both sides Add (-2)

Subtract(-2)
Multiply by (-2)

New inequality

Divide by(- 2)

You will notice

When you multiply and divide by a positive number the inequality sign remains the same, however You will note that when multiplying or dividing both sides of an inequality by the same negative number, the inequality symbol or sign reverses direction

Graphing Inequalities on a Number Line

When given inequalities, it is much easier to see what they represent if you place them on a number line.

There are several rules to remember: 1. If the sign contains an equal sign, then the circle gets shaded. 2. If the sign does not have an equality, then the circle is left open.

3. If the variable is less than or equal to the number shade to the left. 4. If the variable is greater than or equal to the number shade to the right. Closed Circle : < > = Open Circle : < >

5. A line with an arrow indicates that the line continues to infinity in the direction of the arrow

Examples:
1. X < 5 2. -2<x

Interval Notation **closed: equal **opened: not equal to

Interval Closed Notation [a,b] Graphic representation

Closed on [a,b[ right, open on left Open on left, ]a,b] closed on right Open ]a,b[

Solving an Inequality
Use properties of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division in order solve Be Careful implication if you multiply or divide by negative number

Hand out: Write the inequality for each graph and then the set notation

Class work & Homework

Class work and Homework

Handout #2 Graph the inequality and write set notation

Tuesday, December 15th, 2009

Wednesday, December 16th, Classwork and Homework

Hand out # 3: Solve each inequality. Graph. Show your work.