APES-Comparing Biodiversity: Spiders, Spiders Everywhere!

- Field Quadrat Studies

! First, ma"e a hypothesis a#out the diversity o$ spiders in the %&a#itats A ' B(! )ithout loo"ing at the spider ha#itat sheet!!! whi*h ha#itat do you thin" will #e more diverse in terms o$ spiders+ E,plain your reasoning! If there is more vegetation in Habitat A then there will be more population and diversity because different types of species will be able to live there since there is enough vegetation. -.e,t you have to sample the di$$erent ha#itats -Find the sheet o$ paper with the s/uares *ut out o$ it! 0he three s/uare holes are the three random 1/uadrat2 samples you will ta"e in ea*h ha#itat! 3 Pla*e ea*h o$ the /uadrat sheets on the ha#itats and *ount the num#er o$ spiders inside the s/uares - Count and re*ord %#elow( the num#er o$ spiders you $ind in ea*h s/uare! 334nly *ount spiders that you *an see at least F56E o$ their legs! -0hen sample 7&a#itat B8 with the same /uadrats! 0hese are the $our spe*ies o$ spiders you may $ind in your samples: Table 1: &a#itat A Quadrant Quadrant ; Quadrant < 0otal: Table #: &a#itat A Quadrant Quadrant ;

0otal 9 o$ Spiders 7 $ 7 #%

)hi*h Spe*ies A, , !, " , !, " A, , !, " A, , !, "

&ow many o$ ea*h spe*ies+ A: 1 B:# C:# ::# A:% B:1 C:# :: & A:1 :1 !:& ::# A: # B:' C:7 ::7

0otal 9 o$ Spiders ' 1

)hi*h Spe*ies ," !

&ow many o$ ea*h spe*ies+ A: % : 1 !: % ": & A: % : % !: 1 ": %

Quadrant < 0otal:

$ 11

!, " , !, "

A: % : % !: ' ": # A: % : 1 !: ( ": (

;! &ow many spe*ies o$ spiders did you $ind in!!! &a#itat A: All species &a#itat B: )ust species , !, and " <! )hat was the A6E=A>E num#er o$ spiders you $ound per /uadrat+ &a#itat A: $.$$ &a#itat B: &.$$ ?! 0welve /uadrats *an $it in this area! &ow many spiders do you estimate are $ound in the whole area+ &a#itat A: &% &a#itat B: #1

@! Aoo" at the #ottom sheet o$ paper with the spiders on it! &ow many spiders are there in!!! &a#itat A: ## &a#itat B: #1 B! )as your estimate *lose to the a*tual num#er o$ spiders in the area+ I was off by * in Habitat A and off by 1 in Habitat . +o my estimate was somewhat close to the actual number. C! )hy might there #e a di$$eren*e #etween your sample estimate and the a*tual num#er+ There might be a difference because we didn,t e-actly go and count every single one when we were estimating, the s.uares we used didn,t cover everything. 0a#le <: oth areas have four species and 1%% animals total but the distribution of the species is very different Area # has a more even distribution of species compared to area 1. 0a#le < &a#itat A Spe*ies A Spe*ies B Spe*ies C Spe*ies : 0otal: # ' 7 7 #%

&a#itat B % 1 ( ( 11

0a#le ?: /hat is the number of each species0

/hat is the 123132TI34 of each of spider in your habitats0 5see Tables 16#7 species in your habitats0 0a#le ? &a#itat A Spe*ies A Spe*ies B Spe*ies C Spe*ies : 0otal: 1% #% &( &( 1%%

&a#itat B % 8.%8 '(.'( '(.'( 88.88

D! Based on the proportions you Eust *al*ulated %0a#le ?(, do you thin" the spe*ies are evenly distri#uted within the ha#itats+ &a#itat A: 1%% &a#itat B: 88.88 4o because in both situations ! and " were most dominate. F! 5s this what you thin" it would #e li"e in nature+ )hy+ 9es in most situations because not everything will be e.ual. Animals will reproduce at their own rate depending on how much and when they will reproduce has a lot to do with the population, as well as natural disasters. G! )as your original hypothesis supported #y the data you *olle*ted today+ )hy or why not+ 9es, because we stated that Habitat A will have a grater population and would be more diverse and our data supported our hypothesis. ! )hat did you learn a#out doing a #iodiversity /uadrat study+ I learned that .uadrat study is a sampling techni.ue used to estimate population density and study species diversity. The study is done by placing .uadrats at random in an area so species can receive e.ual treatment, then all of the study plants or animals that fall within the .uadrat are then counted, compared with other .uadrats and generali:ed to describe the nature of the study area.