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20 D@kwyj 1997 jp vJ ouu L Dpuu kcb[jb mb mbcuvl


hblOv Duynj Jph lm k@yv mj# mcl momn GhmLl nl.
mbcuvl yulv c cnu nl k, mbj#C DL&mbkuhlu ljloRcO J<&iCk
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YiJu pl Dn.

cnJhC& nlj J GhkjCb mcj lv h{bhl cnCp 25 l 30 J<x hju Flk


mb kju nJ, mbllv You kc kjl Dml. J mLl lm Jl&cv
hjmLl b cU IuCm Dm mb kjC DJMk Dml. 1998 cO
Youk[ Dmuu ynlbM Fvb GhkjC n 1960-70 oMkl yvJuu nl.
30 yuv mcJM Dmuu j^ jHumk[n vJ nlj, GhkjC vJnl.
pcc- kMcjcO onMlJbM ckyu kjl Dmuu j^ jHum
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yHm& J omN h{lu kn DOvk nlj JiUl mJ& GhkjC J Mm$m$ n
pv nl.

1998 mu D@kwyj cnvl cu hblOv J k@yv mj# mcl mombmcj


Jj J kjC mbO cUu. ll c cnu k, You oKYum
Dmuu J|<k vOl kOlj lW[ uJChjl J{ ku pl. uv HiJ
u#l Il Dvko vOcO khln kjCl l. J<&iCk Youu uiCj
nlj J mbj#CJ<k GhkjC b kcljl J{l Dn. lcU iR

"%

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DJMkl plk kc Ymu lJ{ biu, v Dcn lv m ku Dnl.
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(ybi[i) Iv I[u. h{ 1998 cO Yjlv DCC ku. lvblj hhum
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kjiu JUm v mcJla Yil u<kj nuuRv Ji Duu nl.


kUl vv h{u oMbcO u<kj iml J{Ju nl...
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"%

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