Honors Chemistry

Reaction Prediction and Observations

For the following reactions, in your lab notebook

Name: Chris Pang Period 5 Date 16/Nov/2013

Unit 3:Types of Reactions

a) Predict the products of the reaction and balance the equation. b) Describe the observations you would make while the reaction proceeded. c) Determine the type of reaction. If it is a redox reaction, determine what is oxidized and reduced. Eg) solid copper is added to silver nitrate solution Equation: Cu(s) + 2AgNO3 -> 2Ag + Cu(NO3)2 (aq) BEFORE: copper is a brownish shiny metal, silver nitrate is colorless and clear solution AFTER: copper appears to disappear; crystals of shiny silver metal appear; the solution color turns to blue/green (due to the presence of Cu2+ ions) TYPE: Single Replacement/ Redox Cu is oxidized and Ag+ is reduced; 2 electrons were transferred. 1. A solution of copper (II) chloride is electrolyzed. Observe the two electrodes. Equation: CuCl2 (aq) -> Cu(s) + Cl2 (g) Before: A blue clear liquid After: Orange brown metal on one electrode, bubbles forming on the other Type: Decomposition reaction (If applicable: oxidized? Cu(s) in CuCl2(aq) reduced? Cl2(g) in CuCl2(aq) )

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2. Zinc metal and iodine solid are mixed and react in the presence of water (water is not a reactant) Teacher demo Equation: Zn(s) + I2 (s) -> ZnI2 (aq) Before: After: Type: In water, a blueish, pale gray metal mixed into clear liquid Metal and gas combine and forms a clear liquid. Synthesis (If applicable: oxidized? Zn2+ (s) reduced? Iodine I2 (s))

3. Zinc iodide solution is electrolyzed. In a petri dish, dissolve a small amount of zinc iodide in 20 mL distilled water. Electrolyze the solution with the cork with 2 pins and the battery. After observing, add in 3 drops of starch solution.

Equation: ZnI2(aq) -> electrolyzed -> Zn(s) + I2 (g) Before: Water, a non reactant, is added into the petri dish along with some clear liquid and some small gray metal. After: The solution started turning yellow due to the separation of the aqueous solution. Some graylike ashes were formed. Type: Decomposition reaction (If applicable: oxidized? Iodine: I2(g) reduced? Zn(s))

4. Sodium metal is added to water. Teacher Demonstration Equation: 2Na(s) + H2O (l) -> 2NaOH(ag) + H2 (g) Before: Silver gray solid cube is added to a clear liquid. After: Metal starts to dissolve, forming bubbles; clear liquid still remains the same. Type: Single replacement (If applicable: oxidized? Na(s) reduced? H2(g) in H2O)

Test for Gases For each of the following test, make additional observations of what provides a positive test for the gas produced. 5. Magnesium metal is added to hydrochloric acid. Sand a piece of magnesium metal. In a medium size test tube, add 2 cm of hydrochloric acid and the magnesium metal. Use your finger to close the top of the test tube while your partner lights a wooden splint. Quickly place the burning splint into the test tube without touching the liquid. Equation: Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq)-> MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g) Before: A silver solid reacts and a clear solution After: Bubbles starts to emerge in the clear solution Type: Single replacement reaction reduced? H+(g)) (If applicable: oxidized? Mg(s)

Test for Hydrogen gas: Light fire next to the test because fire has oxygen. If popping sound occurs, then there is hydrogen gas; flame gets stronger also indicates hydrogen Combustion reaction for hydrogen gas:

2H2(g) + O2 (g) -> 2H2O(l)

6. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) decomposes. Add some drops of potassium iodide solution to about 2cm deep hydrogen peroxide in a test tube . Equation: 2H2O2 (l) -> 2H2 O(l) + O2 (g) Before: Hydrogen peroxide is a clear liquid in a test tube, a yellow colored liquid is added. After: Bubbles form and there is a yellow solution. Type: n/a ) Decomposition reaction (If applicable: oxidized? O2 (g) in 2H2O2 (l) reduced?

Test for oxygen gas: Lighter held over test, flame glows brighter and when held away from the test, flame becomes dimmer; this idea shows that there was an excess of oxygen gas in the test

7. Solid copper (II) carbonate is heated and one of the resulting products is bubbled through limewater. (Teacher Demonstration). Equation: Cu(CO3)2 (s) heated CuO(s) + CO2(g) + Ca(OH)2(l) CaCO3(s)+H2O(l) Before: A blue green powder is heated in a tube. A clear solution was in the other tube. After: Forms cupric oxide, some black powder and solid (which became very black) and the clear solution slowly become milky because of the bubbles forming. Type: Decomposes at first, overall a Double replacement (If applicable: oxidized? N/A reduced? N/A)

Test for carbon dioxide gas: If it bubbles into limewater, then there is carbon dioxide gas, which reacted with limewater.

This is a photo that shows the lab done in class. The tube that contains black chemicals is solid Copper (II) Carbonate that is being heated. Then the pipe that leads to the other tube shows the precipitate being formed.