Rui Wang Professor Ahmad Kamal New York University November 11, !

1" NYU#UN#RW#Assignment $our

ANALYSIS OF THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS
%&'()( *es+ite the remarkable +rogress that has been made towards a,hieving the -illennium *evelo+ment .oals/-*.s0, the -*.s fall short on ade1uate 2ustifi,ation for their ,hosen ob2e,tives, la,k of an effe,tive +erforman,e and a,,ountability framework as well as e3+erien,e ga+s and obsta,les in their fulfillment4 )N%R5*U6%)5N %he +ur+ose of this +a+er is to e3amine the -illennium *evelo+ment .oals /-*.s0 whi,h were established following the -illennium (ummit of the United Nations in !!!4 An analysis that +rovides ,riti,al issues of -*.s su,h as a,,ountability, measurement, 2ustifi,ation of ob2e,tives and the ga+s of -*.s will be in,luded4 %he +a+er will ,on,lude with ,onstru,tive suggestions and re,ommendations4

%he signifi,an,e of a ,riti,al analysis for the -*.s of the United Nations

$A6%( 7a,kground of the -*.s o )nitiative8 %he -illennium (ummit / !!!0 -illennium *e,laration -illennium *evelo+ment .oals4 o Rationale 9 Agenda: o -omentum8 ;-ore girls are in s,hool4 $ewer ,hildren are dying4 %he world ,ontinues to fight killer diseases, su,h as malaria, tuber,ulosis and A)*(4 %here are less than 1,!!! days to a,,elerate a,tion on issues su,h as hunger, a,,ess to edu,ation, im+roved sanitation, maternal health and gender e1uality4 < o %he .lobal Partnershi+8 UN +artners, 6ivil so,iety, 6ountry#level +artners UN +artners on -*.(8 UN*P, UN*'(A, UN'P, UN$PA,W&5, )-$, UN#&A7)%A%, $A5, )$A*, et,4 .overnments, international organi=ations and ,ivil so,iety grou+s8 All 1>? United Nations member states and at least " international organi=ations ,ommitt to hel+ a,hieve the -illennium *velo+ment .oals by !1@4 %he ,on,e+t of ;.lobal +artnershi+ for develo+ment< 8 A 2oint effort between develo+ing ,ountries and develo+ed ,ountries in the struggle to redu,e world +overty4 5b2e,tives of -*.s /%argets and )ndi,ators0 o 'radi,ate e3treme +overty and hunger

o A,hieve universal +rimary edu,ation o Promote gender e1uality and em+ower women o Redu,e ,hild mortality o )m+rove maternal health o 6ombat &)ABA)*(, malaria and other diseases o 'nsure environmental sustainability o *evelo+ a global +artnershi+ for develo+ment '3e,utive 9 A,tivities /$or ea,h goal0 5ut,omes and A,hievements4 -*. after !1@8 Post# !1@ *evelo+ment Agenda

ANACY()( Underlying Assum+tions that the -*.s use to frame the agenda4 o Path to develo+ment8 Ameri,an -oderni=ation %heory Cevy8 Ne,essary to o,,ur # ,onta,t between modern so,ieties and traditional so,ieties4 %his ,onta,t is a universal so,ial solvent RostowDs (tages of ',onomi, .rowth8 )n order to make e,onomi, growth as an automati, +ro,ess, the ,ountry needs a stimulus to rea,h the takeoff stage4 And the best way to hel+ develo+ment is to +rovide aid in the forms of ,a+ital, te,hnology, and e3+ertise, to develo+ing ,ountries4 o Universali=ation and '1uality8 Weber 9 Ci+set8 %he im+ortan,e of universial edu,ation /ideas and values matter04 6oleman8 *istribution of so,ial resour,es Ade1ua,y of goals o Ade1ua,y of 2ustifi,ation for ,hosen goals /sele,tivity0 o -issing goals Eob ,eation8 2ob ,reation is vital, es+e,ially in the worldDs least develo+ed ,ountries, A,,ording to a new re+ort from the UN, the number of young +eo+le of working age is in,reasing by 1F million +er year4 %o lift +overty, this goal should be ,onsidered as a fundamental +illar4 !4GH funding from member states8 never fully im+lemented4 6limate ,hange8 although some +eo+le argue that environment issue is less ,ru,ial ,om+ared to +overty alleviation, in a long run, they are essentially ,orelated in the furtheran,e of develo+ment4 *isarmament8 develo+ment would be hindered or even degraded without +ea,e as '1uality8 des+ite +romote gender e1uality, what about e1uality between the disabled and the normal, the s,io#e,onomi, +revilleged ones and the rest and et,4 I (ustainability8 Politi,al develo+ment8 +oli,y on migration /why money ,an move freely, but +eo+le ,an notI0 5thers A,,ountability and measurement of -*.s

%he +erforman,e and a,,ountability framework of -*.s A,,ountable for A,,ountable to -*. indi,ators8 broad as+irations, 1uantifiable indi,ators of +rogress4 Un2ustified assum+tions in indi,ators Weakness in data and monitoring o Ca,k of measurements for some of the goals -*. .a+s o Uneven +rogress and ,ountry#level involvement4 o Rural#Urban -*. ga+s in low#in,ome ,ountries4 o %he result of one#for#all develo+ment +lan8 foster a ,ulture of de+enden,y4 %he *e+enden,y %heory Co,ali=ing the -*.s4 o .a+ in +romoting awareness of -*.s and +romoting the a,tural a,tion of them4 /-*. ,am+aign0 o .a+ in the dynami, between e,onomi, and +oliti,al develo+ment4 o 6a+ in un+redi,able future sho,ks4 65N6CU()5N Re,ommendations o 'verything should really start with a more serious +oliti,al willJ o -odify ob2e,tives and goals of -*. in order to better serve fundamental needs of human develo+ment4 o Atta,h im+ortan,e to stru,tural ad2ustament rather than a Kmoney# ,entri,Ddevelo+ment strategy4 o Co,ali=ation of develo+ment +lans8 from global targets to feasible nationalBregional level targets4 o Ada+t a more effe,tive Performan,e and A,,ountability $ramework as well as a better measurement me,hanism4 o $oster ,ommuni,ation between involved goveronments and institutions4 o 6ondu,t ongoing evaluation re+ort and talor targets and goals alongside the im+lementation of relevant +ro2e,ts4 o 5thers4 o