Why are the Dots Not Connected

Problems with
Directionality Story Structure Concepts of Print Concepts of Words / Sentences Visual Discrimination Uppercase Letter Recognition Lowercase Variable Fonts Word Discrimination Sentence Segmentation Phonological Awareness Auditory Memory Auditory Discrimination of Rhymes Phonemic Awareness

Look for ..
Inference from first language other than English Parents, siblings, or significant others may not have read to students Students may not have had preschool experiences where emergent literacy skills were emphasized Learning Difference Languages other than English may be spoken in the home and by students Inadequate development of concepts of print, poor visual discrimination, and lack of phonic decoding skills may be possible causes of poor sight vocabulary Spending little time engaging in reading outside the necessary reading in school may also con- tribute to a poor sight vocabulary Interference from a first language other than English

Sight Words

Word Skill Analysis Preferred learning modality might be visual rather than auditory Phonic and Syllabic Analysis Hearing problems may result in not hearing certain sounds Lack Auditory processing including auditory discrimination, auditory segmentation, auditory blending and auditory sequencing memory. Limited exposure to wide use of words in conversation and print Vocabulary Limited experiences due to being in a lower income household

Why are the Dots Not Connected

Problems with Look for ..
Strong teaching emphasis placed on decoding leading to heavy reliance on phonics may not use context. Instructional emphasis on oral reading during which they concentrated on decodiing and not meaning Strong teaching emphasis placed on meaning approach leading to overuse context Reading material may be too difficult. Comprehension Material dull or uninteresting. Do not understand that comprehension is the major purpose for reading Do not have the necessary background or schema for reading a selection Read too slowly to chunk enough information together at a time to create meaning ADD / ADHD Poor decoding skills Fluency Auditory, phonological or language processing disorder Lack of reading practice both silent and aloud

Why are the Dots Not Connected

Problems with Look for ..
Slow Readers - word by word reading - finger following - lip movement - subvocalization - overanalyzing words - trouble with sight words - regressive eye movements - fixation - return sweep - eye problems Fast readers - finish the material - view reading as rapidly pronouncing words - does not know how to adjust reading rate to fit purpose Hearing problems Lack motivation Listening Too many distractions Inappropriate focus

Adjusted Reading Rate

Study Skills