Writing Proposals

KRYSTAL PIMENTEL CLAUDIA PONCE YESENIA RAYOS

What is a Proposal?
Written to persuade the potential customer to purchase

your service or product.

It is written from the perspective and needs of the

audience for the proposal.

Includes: Internal External Sales Grant

Persuasive and Complete Proposal Includes:

1. Sufficient background information to describe the

extent of the problem. 2. The methods to be used in achieving the proposed solution. 3. Information about equipment, materials, and staff requirements. 4. List of costs 5. Schedule for completing the project broken down into separate tasks.

Internal Proposal
Suggest a change or an improvement within an

organization.
Often in an e-memo format. Written to a manager within your organization.

Two common types: Routine Formal

Routine Internal Proposals

Most frequent type of proposals. Requests: Spending Permission to hire new employees Recommend employees for an award or bonus To purchase new equipment and attend conferences

Formal Internal Proposals

Referred to as problem-solution memos. Involve requests to commit relatively large sums of

money.

Formal Internal Proposals cont..

Introduction: Should establish that a problem exists and needs a solution.

The audience must be convinced there is a problem or the proposal will not succeed.

Body: Should offer a practical solution

It should include information about the equipment, materials, staff and schedule.

Conclusion: Offer to set up a meeting, supply additional information, and provide any other assistance.

Keep it brief.

External Proposal
Prepared for clients and customers outside your

company.
May be short or long depending on the complexity of

the topic.
Two types of proposals: Solicited Unsolicited

Solicited Proposal
Submitted in response to a request for goods and

services from another organization. Request for proposal (RFP) pg 486-489

Defines the basic work that the organization needs and leaves it up to the proposers.

Invitation for bids (IFB) Restrictive, binding the bidder to produce an item or service that meets the exact requirements of the agency or company.

Figure 13-6 (pg 459) shows an example of real world proposal.

Unsolicited
Are submitted to a company without a prior request

and are not as unusual as they sound. Preceded by a letter of inquiry that specifies the problem to determine whether there is any potential interest. If positive response: you would prepare a formal proposal on the basis of your study.

Figure 13-8 (462-463)

Grant & Research Proposals

Written to nonprofit organizations to request the approval of projects that solve a problem.

Cover Letter Title Page Introduction/Summary Literature Review Project Narrative

Project Description Project Outcomes Budget Schedule Conclusion

Grant & Research Proposals cont..

Cover Letter

Specify the grant for which you are applying, summarize de proposed project, include the amount of funding you are requesting. Title, names of team members, date submitted, name of the recipient.

Title Page

Introduction/Summary/Abstract

Describes the problem to be solved, it should sketch the expected outcome of your grant proposal.
Allows reviewers of your proposal to asses your familiarity with current research in the field. Heart of the proposal; describe the work, expected outcomes, list of tasks, schedule and costs.

Literature Review

Project Narrative

Grant & Research Proposals cont..

Project Description Details of how the research will be conducted. Project Outcomes Describe what results the organization can expect based on the time, labor, and funding that has been invested.

Budget Detailed listing of cost for personnel, equipment, building renovations, and other grant related expenses.
Schedule Tasks that need to be performed to complete the project. Conclusion Emphasizes the benefits or advantages of your project.

Sales Proposal
Major marketing tool for business and industry. Company's offer to provide specific goods or services

to a potential buyer within a specified period of time and for a specified price.
Primary purpose: That the product will solve a problem Improve operations Offer other benefits

Sales Proposal
Cover Title Page Executive summary General Description of Site-preparation

Products Detailed solution Cost analysis Delivery schedule

description Training requirements Statement of responsibilities Description of vendor Organizational sales pitch Conclusion (optional) Appendixes (optional)

Time-Sensitive Proposals
1.

2.
3. 4.

5.
6. 7.

8.

Hold an initial planning session. Assign coordinators. Set Priorities. Delegate tasks. Work out a schedule. Use repurposed material. Track progress and deadlines. Hold a lesson-learned meeting if necessary.

Request for Proposals

It is written by an organization to solicit proposals

from outside vendors for a service or product.

The Request for Proposal (RPF) details the

companys requirements so that vendors can evaluate whether to bid on the project.

RFP Structure
Information about your company. Mission, goals, size, facility locations, brief company history. Project Description Scope of Work Describes the product or service you need with a detailed list of requirements. Delivery Schedule Specify the time allotted for the project and proposed schedule of tasks.

Proposal Description Format requirements on what the proposal should include and how it should be organized.

RFP Structure
Vendor Qualifications Summary of the vendors experience, years in business, awards Proposal-evaluation criteria Informs vendors of the criteria your company or organization will use to select the vendor to work for you. Appendixes Attachments Sample forms and questionnaires and other essentials too detailed for the body.

Questions?