Sharon Ly Chapter #18: Renewing the Sectional Struggle Big Picture Themes 1.

. The main question facing the nation was, Will new lands won from Mexico have slaves or e free!" #. The answer to the question was hammered out in the $om%romise of 1&'(. )t said $alifornia was to e free, %o%ular sovereignty *the %eo%le decide+ for the rest of the lands. ,. - tougher fugitive slave law was a ma.or concession to the South, ut it wasn/t enforced. This angered the Southerners. 0. The 1orth2South rift was widened with the 3ansas41e ras5a -ct. )t re%ealed the Missouri $om%romise which had 5e%t the %eace for a generation. )n it/s %lace, %o%ular sovereignty o%ened the 6reat 7lains to %otential slavery. Whereas the slave4land issue had een settled, now it was a ig question mar5. IDE TI!IC"TI# S: Ste%hen 8ouglas Too5 over for 9enry $lay: S%lit the com%romise of 1&'(: made the 3ansas41e ras5a -ct. ;ran5lin 7ierce <lected 7resident in 1&'#: 5nown as the 8ar5 9orse:" 7ro4southern northerner. $om%romise of 1&'( Signed y ;illmore: determined if $alifornia would ecome a free or slave state: $alifornia would e a free state: enefitted the 1orth more than the South =achary Taylor 6eneral and hero of the Mexican4-merican war: re%resented the Whig %arty in 1&0& >ohn $. $alhoun Senator of South $arolina: died of tu erculosis: wanted to %reserve the union: wanted to leave slavery as it was Matthew $. 7erry $onvinced the >a%anese to sign a treaty with the ?S in 1&', 9enry $lay )deal Whig: made too many s%eeches which resulted in too many enemies: came u% with the $om%romise of 1&'( ;ree4Soil 7arty -nti4 slavery men in the north: resentful of 7ol5/s actions: foreshadowed the emergence of the re%u lican %arty.

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;ugitive Slave Law @loodhound @ill:" slaves who esca%ed could not testify in their ehalf: added rage in the 1orth 9arriet Tu man $onductor of the ?nderground Aailroad: snuc5 down south to ring slaves to the 1orth Bstend Manifesto Southerners met with S%anish officials in attem%t to get more slave land: wanted to alance out congress: tried to uy $u a 3ansas41e ras5a -ct 3ansas and 1e ras5a would come into the ?nion under %o%ular sovereignty: re%ealed the Missouri $om%romise: Ste%hen 8ouglas introduced it Chapter #1$: Dri%ting Towar& Disunion Big Picture Themes 1. ?ncle Tom/s $a in drove a wedge etween the 1ortherner and Southerner. The South cried foul saying it gave a view of slavery that was too harsh and unrealistic, ut it cemented each section/s feelings on the issue. #. 3ansas ecame the attleground over slavery. Since slavery there was to e decided y %o%ular vote, each side %assionately fought for their %osition. @loodshed resulted. ,. The Su%reme $ourt/s 8red Scott decision was huge. )t said that $ongress or a legislature cannot outlaw slavery in the territories. <ffectively then, all new lands were %ossi le slave lands. 0. - financial %anic in 1&'C added to the chaos and uncertainty. '. - e Lincoln arrived on the scene. -lthough he lost to Ste%hen 8ouglas for )llinois Senate, he made a name for himself there. D. )n 1&D(, - e Lincoln won a very sectional race for %resident over , other candidates. The South had %romised to leave the union if - e won. 9e won, and the South indeed seceded. IDE TI!IC"TI# S: 9inton 9el%er E The Impending Crisis of the South Wrote the )m%ending $risis of the South: oo5 was anned 6eorge ;itFhugh Slavery advocate: Wanted %rotection for the slaves

Sharon Ly

>ohn @rown Wanted to ma5e his views clear: launched a loody attach against %ro4slavery men: ca%tured and hanged ut ecame a sym ol for a olotion $harles Sumner Senator from Massachusetts: leading a olitionist: eaten unconscious with a cane 8red Scott @lac5 slave who sued for his freedom: lost the case: considered a slave not a citiFen - raham Lincoln @orn in 3entuc5y: self4educated: won the %residential election of 1&D( >ohn $rittenden Made the $rittenden $om%romise: had two sons who fought on different sides of the civil war: @leeding 3ansas" 3ansas was eing dis%uted as a free or slave state: the 5illing of %ro4slavery men -merican or 3now41othing" 7arty 8evelo%ed from the Brder of the Star S%angled @anner:" organiFed due to its secretiveness: -merican/s must rule -merica" 7anic of 1&'C Started due to the $alifornia 6old Aush: )m%acted the 1orth more than the South Lincoln48ouglas 8e ates Lincoln challenged 8ouglas during the %residential election: gave Lincoln fame ;ree%ort 8octrine 8ouglas/s res%onse to Lincoln/s question: related to the 8red Scott case 9ar%erGs ;erry Aaid >ohn @rown failed to get the slaved organiFed: @rown was ca%tured: revolt for the slaves $onstitutional ?nion 7arty -lso 5nown as the do4nothings:" consisted mostly of the Whigs and 3now41othings '(IDED RE"DI ' )(ESTI# S: Stowe an& *elper: +iterar, Incen&iaries 3nowH 9arriet @eecher Stowe, 9inton 9el%er 1. Which oo5, Uncle Tom's Cabin or The Impending Crisis of the South was more

Sharon Ly im%ortant! <x%lain. (ncle Tom-s Ca.in .ecause it too/ the %eelings %rom the Sla0e auctions an& ma&e the stor, that it was telling more important1 The orth2South Contest %or 3ansas 3nowH @eecherGs @i les, @order Auffians #. What went wrong with %o%ular sovereignty in 3ansas! Popular so0ereignt, was unpopular in 3ansas an& there%ore split the &emocratic part, 3ansas in Con0ulsion 3nowH >ohn @rown, 7ottawatomie $ree5, Lecom%ton $onstitution ,. What was the effect of I@leeding 3ansasI on the 8emocratic 7arty! The Democratic part, was split an& woul& snap the last o% the .in&s hol&ing the (nion together1 4Bull,4 Broo/s an& *is Blu&geon 3nowH $harles Sumner, 7reston @roo5s ' What was the consequence of @roo5Gs eating of Sumner in the 1orth! The South! Broo/-s .eating was loo/e& &own upon in the orth1 The South the people agree& with that Broo/s &i&1 4#l& Buc/4 0ersus 4The Path%in&er4 3nowH >ames @uchanan, >ohn $. ;remont, The -merican 7arty D. -ssess the candidates in the 1&'D election. 5ames Buchanan was untainte& ., the 3ansas2 e.ras/a "ct an& ha& a lot o% political e6perience1 5ohn C1 !remont was a %ighter in the 7e6ican2"merican 8ar1 Buchanan has the .etter %oot1 The Electoral !ruits o% 189: C. )nter%ret the results of the election of 1&'D. Buchanan won .ecause he was .etter suite&1 The people ha& &ou.ts a.out !remont-s honest,; capacit, an& soun& <u&gment1 Buchanan was the .etter choice1 The Dre& Scott Bom.shell 3nowH 8red Scott, Aoger @. Taney & Why was the 8red Scott decision so divisive! The Dre& Scott &ecision was &i0isi0e .ecause it la.ele& the .lac/s as propert, an& not people1 Dre& Scott-s case was thrown out .ecause o% who he was1 Roger B Tane, was a %ormer sla0e ,et still threw out the case1 The !inancial Crash o% 189= & 9ow did the 7anic of 1&'C ma5e $ivil War more li5ely! The Panic ma&e the Ci0il war more li/el, .ecause o% in%lation; o0er2growth; an& o0er2 speculation1 The more the people there were in the lan& an& the more people &eman&e& the gol& it woul& ma/e it more li/el, to .rea/ out in a war1 It was a time when it was unsta.le1

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"n Illinois Rail2Splitter Emerges 1(. 8escri e - raham LincolnGs ac5ground. +incoln was a man who rose %rom the .ottom an& ma&e a name %or himsel%1 *e was a goo& lea&er an& law,er1 *e loo/e& li/e a man who ha& .een through a lot in his li%e time1 The 'reat De.ate: +incoln 0ersus Douglas 3nowH ;ree%ort 8octrine 11. What long term results occurred ecause of the Lincoln48ouglas de ates! +ong Term results were the !reeport Doctrine1 +incoln >uestione& Douglas an& Douglas ha& to respon&1 ".e woul& still en& up winning1 5ohn Brown: 7ur&erer or 7art,r 3nowH 9ar%erGs ;erry, Ao ert <. Lee 1#. Why were the actions of one *craFy!+ man so im%ortant in the growing conflict etween 1orth and South! Brown was hange& %or what he &i&1 The South was gla& that there was <ustice &one %or what Brown &i&1 But the, /new it was t,pical %or people in the orth1 The Disruption o% the Democrats 3nowH >ohn $. @rec5enridge, >ohn @ell 1,. What ha%%ened when the 8emocratic 7arty attem%ted to choose a candidate for the %residency in 1&D(! The, %aile& to nominate a can&i&ate in the meeting1 The Democratic Part, en&e& up with two people with &i%%erent 0iews1 Brec/enri&ge an& Bell were the two can&i&ates1 " Rail2Splitter Splits the (nion 10. Why was Lincoln chosen as the Ae%u lican candidate instead of Seward! +incoln was nominate& .ecause he appeale& more to the non2southern group1 +incoln wasn-t an a.olitionist1 +incoln woul& en& up winning e0en though he was not %a0ore& ., the South1 The Electoral (phea0al o% 18:? 1'. 8id the South have any %ower in the national government after Lincoln/s election, or were they hel%less! @es; the South still ha& power1 The south ha& more power in the Senate than the people in the orth &i&1 The, weren-t helpless an& woul&n-t go &own without a %ight1 The Secessionist E6o&us 3nowH Secession, >efferson 8avis 1D.. What did 7resident @uchanan do when the South seceded! Why! Buchanan &i&n-t tr, to %orce .ac/ the (nion1 The troops were alrea&, hea&e& west .ecause o% the orth1 *e le%t the issue to +incoln1 The Collapse o% Compromise

Sharon Ly 1C. What was the $rittendon $om%romise and why did it fail! It was a .an on sla0er, orth o% the line1 It woul& %ail .ecause the people o% the south1 +incoln was against it also1 !arewell to (nion 1&. What advantages did southerners see in secession! Who did they com%are themselves to! The Southerners a&0antages were that the, woul& .e a.le to &e0elop their own .an/ing an& shipping so the, woul& sur0i0e1 It woul& mean that the, woul&n-t ha0e to &epen& on the orth an& the orth woul&n-t ha0e to &epen& on them1 The compare& themsel0es to northerners1