LAYOUT OF STEAM PLANT

MAIN COMPONENTS
BOILER STEAM TURBINE CONDENSOR PUMP AIR HEATER DEAERATING FEED TANK MAKE UP FEED SYSTEM SUPERHETER STEAM PIPING SYSYTEM ECONOMIZER

BOILERS

BABCOCK AND WILCOX

BOILERS
SAFETY, ACCESSABILITY, CAPACITY, EFFICIENCY PERFORMANCE OF BOILER IS MEASURED IN TERMS OF ITS EVAPORATIVE CAPACITY ALSO CALLED POWER OF BOILER. IT IS AMOUNT OF WATER EVAPORATED OR STEAM PRODUCED IN KG PER HOUR.IT MAY BE KG/KG OF FUEL BURNT OR KG/HR/M2 OF HEATING SURFACE LIGHT WT, LESS SPACE, EASY TO MEET DEMAND TYPES-FLOW OF WATER & HOT GASES WATER TUBE FIRE TUBES POSITION OF FURNACEINTERNALLY OR EXTERNALLY POSITION OF PRINCIPLE AXISVER,HOR,INCLINED CIRCULATION- NATURAL OR FORCED STEAM PRESSURELOW,MED,HIGH INTENDED SERVICE-PROPULSION, POWER

BOILERS
IN FIRE TUBES, THE IN FIRE TUBEWATER GASES OF VOLUME IS LARGE AND COMBUSTION FLOW POOR CIRCULATION THROUGH THE TUBES ,THEY CANNOT MEET AND THEREBY HEAT THE CHANGE IN STEAM WATER WHICH DEMAND. SURROUNDS THE TUBES WHAT COULD BE OTHER & SIMILARLY BENEFITS OF WATER WATERTUBE----TUBE BOILERS? PL ANSWER 3 PTS

BOILER WATER CHEMISTRY

IMPUTITIES-LOW CONDUCTIVITY, RESTRICT FLOW, RAISE TEMP TO TUBE BURST, CARRY OVER PH VALUES OXYGEN- CORRODENT IN WATER SYSTEM.PITTING & FAILURES OF PIPES,PARTICULATE TRAVELS CALCIUM- DEPOSITS ANS SCALES.RETARD HX IN CONDENSOR MG-AT HIGH TEMP PRODUCES ACIDS CORROSION SILICA- REACTION WITH METALS & LOW PH VALUES SUSPENDED SOLIDS- SURFACE WATER & DEPOSITS IN COOLING SYSTEM MICROBES- FOULING HYDRAZINE & MORPHOLINE _ NA NITRATE USED FOR PASSIVATING FILM TO RETARD CORROSION.SEDIMENTATION, FILTRATION,

BOILER ACCESSORIES
FEED CHECK VALVE SREAM STOP VALVE SAFETY VALVE BLOW OF VALVES 90-10 & 70 30 CU NICKLE MONEL FOR WATER AT HIGH TEMP CU REPLACED BY STEEL- STELLITE HARD CHROMIUM COBALT ALLOY TITANIUM CONDENSOR

TURBINES
IS BASIC PARAMETER FOR GENERATING ELECTRICITY IN TURBINE THE ENERGY LEVEL OF STEAM GOES ON DECREASING ALONG FLOW STREAM F=M*V AND CHANGE OF THERMAL ENERGY TO KE--IMPINGING ON MOVING BLADES OR VANES PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION--IMPULSE OR REACTION TURBINE

TURBINE BASICS

IMPULSE TURBINES

VELOCITY COMPOUNDED turbine

PRESSURE COMPOUNDED-RATEAU
CLASSIFICATION BY STEAM FLOWDIRECTION OF STEAM AXIAL- STEAM FLOW IN 1 DIRECTION PARALLEL TO TURBINE SHAFT RADIAL FOR SMALL APPLICATIONS HELICAL FLOW

HELICAL FLOW
STEAM ENTERS AT TANGENT TO PERIPHERY OF ROTOR AND IMPINGES ON MOVING BLADES. BLADES ARE BUCKETS CALLED REVERSING CHAMBERS

TURBINES
REPETITION OF STEAM FLOW-SINGLE ENTRY , REENTRY DUAL PRESSURE TURBINES REHEATED TURBINE

 ON BASIS OF HEAT REJECTION PASSOUT TURBINE, district and power REGENRATIVE to increase efficiency CONDENSING NON CONDENSING OR BACK PRESSURE-district heating

ON BASIS OF SHAFTTANDEM FLOW CROSS FLOW Variable speed Fixed speed