Flow Diagrams and Instrumentation

Process Flow Diagram

1. major equipment 2. main piping 3. direction of flow 4. operating pressure and temperature 5. Major instrumentation

The process flow diagram will denote the following:

Conditions to be used for the design of various pieces of equipment (fractionation columns, pumps, heaters, etc.) required for facility operation. Operating and design conditions under which a particular unit or piece of equipment will normally operate. Design conditions establish the limits that equipment used in the facility can withstand.
Design pressure is calculated to be at least 10% above the maximum operating pressure or 25# greater (whichever is largest). The design temperature will be at least the maximum operating temperature, but should be at least 25 degrees above the normal operating temperature.

Composition of the commodities used in the process sequence as they enter and leave the unit.

VD: P-101A/B ???

Example

PIPING AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM (P&ID)

The piping and instrumentation diagram (P&ID) or

mechanical flow diagram (MFD) provides information needed by engineers to begin planning for the construction of the plant.

Mechanical Flow diagram

Pipe line numbers and direction of flow Pipe specification and line sizes All equipment All valves All instrumentation with controlling devices

HEAT EXCHANGER

P& ID Example

The utility flow diagram

Steam Fuel oil Instrument air Drainage system Condensate Utility air Cooling water Flare system