Chcics301b v2 Provide Support To Meet Personal Care Needs

Training Division
CHC30212 Certificate III in Aged Care
CHCICS301B
PROVIDE S PPORT TO !EET PERSO"A# CARE "EEDS
Learning Materials
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Welcome........................................................................................................................ 4 Competency................................................................................................................... 4 Assessment.................................................................................................................... 4 Essential knowledge:...................................................................................................... 6 Essential skills:............................................................................................................... 6 RANGE STATEMENT ....................................................................................................... E!"#ENCE G$"#E............................................................................................................ %
INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................10
Glossa&y o' Te&ms......................................................................................................... ()
UNDERSTAND THE CLIENTS PERSONAL NEEDS..............................................1
"nt&od*ction.................................................................................................................. (+ Re,iew pe&sonal ca&e s*ppo&t plan wit- client ............................................................(+ W-o dete&mines eligi.ility 'o& Residential/ Comm*nity Ca&e0......................................(% Con'i&ming pe&sonal s*ppo&t needs .............................................................................+( Conside&ing t-e e''ect pe&sonal ca&e s*ppo&t -as on a client.......................................+1 $nde&standing t-e c*lt*&al needs o' t-e client.............................................................+4 "denti'ying t-e &isks associated wit- p&o,iding pe&sonal ca&e......................................+2 $sing e3*ipment4 p&ocesses and aids .........................................................................+ Seeking app&op&iate s*ppo&t........................................................................................+%
ENCOURA!E CLIENT PARTICIPATION................................................................. "

Con'i&ming p&oced*&es wit- t-e client..........................................................................+% Acti,ities 'o& daily li,ing...............................................................................................1) Enco*&age clients to pa&ticipate in t-ei& pe&sonal ca&e needs......................................1)
ADDRESSIN! PERSONAL SUPPORT NEEDS.......................................................#$

5&o,ide s*ppo&t acco&ding to ca&e plan and wo&kplace policies and p&oced*&es..........1
$sing p&ocesses4 e3*ipment4 aids and appliances sa'ely.............................................12 #ealing wit- &isks w-en p&o,iding s*ppo&t...................................................................16 Assisting clients as &e3*i&ed......................................................................................... 1% 5&o,iding s*ppo&t wit- tec-nical ca&e...........................................................................24 Cla&i'ying di''ic*lties in meeting a client7s needs.........................................................22 Elde& a.*se.................................................................................................................. 2 $nde&stand w-at dignity o' &isk means........................................................................26 Maintaining client con'identiality4 p&i,acy and dignity..................................................26 5R"!AC8 AN# #"GN"T8..................................................................................................2% 5e&'o&ming wo&k to t-e &e3*i&ed standa&d....................................................................2% 5e&'o&ming to &e3*i&ed standa&d..................................................................................6)
REPORTIN! CHAN!ES IN A CLIENTS HEALTH OR NEEDS..............................%
"denti'ying and &epo&ting ,a&iations in pe&sonal ca&e s*ppo&t needs............................6+
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CHCICS#01A Version & '()*+
9ealt- and pe&sonal s*ppo&t &e3*i&ements..................................................................66 "denti'ying &e3*i&ed c-anges to p&ocesses and aids.....................................................66 Cla&i'ying conce&ns a.o*t a client7s -ealt-...................................................................6% Repo&ting conce&ns a.o*t a client7s -ealt-..................................................................6%
COMPLETIN! DOCUMENTATION...........................................................................'0
Complying wit- &epo&ting &e3*i&ements....................................................................... ) Completing doc*mentation.......................................................................................... ( Maintaining doc*mentation.......................................................................................... 1 :iling doc*mentation.................................................................................................... %
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CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st 2012,
$E#CO!E
$e*co-e to t.is )nit of st)d+/ As +o) 0or1 t.ro)g. t.e *earning g)ide and assess-ent2 +o) 0i** 3e deve*o4ing 1no0*edge a3o)t t.is )nit of st)d+/ If +o) do not )nderstand an activit+2 as1 5)estions and disc)ss an+ 5)eries 0it. +o)r trainer2 -entor or s)4ervisor/ It is i-4ortant t.at +o) deve*o4 s1i**s in a 0or1 sit)ation2 or2 in a si-)*ated sit)ation 0.ic. a44ro6i-ates t.e 0or14*ace as c*ose*+ as 4ossi3*e/ $e enco)rage +o) to contact )s for assistance at an+ ti-e/ Si-4*+ ca** or e-ai* and CHAR#TO" BRO$"% 0i** 3e a3*e to assist +o)/
CO!PETE"C7
In order to 3e assessed as co-4etent 'C,2 +o) 0i** need to 4rovide evidence 0.ic. de-onstrates t.at +o) .ave t.e essentia* 1no0*edge and s1i**s to s)ccessf)**+ co-4*ete )nit to t.e re5)ired standard/ Co-4etenc+ is si-4*+ 3eing a3*e to de-onstrate t.at +o) can do t.e tas12 not 8)st once2 3)t 0it. confidence2 re4eated*+/ P*ease read t.e 3eginning of t.is )nit2 it 0i** te** +o) a3o)t t.e e*e-ents and t.e 4erfor-ance criteria +o) 0i** 3e assessed against/ It 0i** a*so infor- +o) of t.e 1no0*edge and s1i**s +o) re5)ire to s)ccessf)**+ co-4*ete t.e )nit/ If +o) can a*read+ de-onstrate t.at +o) can )nderta1e t.ese s1i**s +o) s.o)*d ta*1 to +o)r trainer/ !ar1ing g)ide 9 at t.e end of eac. )nit +o) 0i** find a -ar1ing g)ide/ T.is is designed to assist +o)
ASSESS!E"T
1/ 2/ 3/
Co-4*ete a** t.e assess-ent tas1s in t.e )nit/ 7o) 0i** find t.ese at t.e end of t.e )nit/ Have +o)r s)4ervisor sign t.e state-ent of va*idation t.at +o) can )nderta1e t.ese s1i**s in t.e 0or14*ace/ Co-4*ete t.e Assess-ent Cover S.eet and sign a** sections/ C.ec1 t.e -ar1ing g)ide to ens)re +o) .ave covered a** e*e-ents of t.e assess-ent/ T.e -ar1ing g)ide is )sed 3+ t.e assessor to -ar1 off +o)r co-4etenc+
T.e evidence +o) need to 4rovide for an assess-ent of co-4etence in t.is )nit 0i** 3e 3ased on2 3)t not *i-ited to: S)ccessf)* co-4*etion of assess-ent Ver3a* disc)ssion and 5)estioning 3+ assessor !entor ; s)4ervisor ; 0or14*ace coac. verification of s1i**s An+ ot.er evidence +o) or +o)r assessor .ave gat.ered An+ ot.er activities +o)r assessor considers necessar+ 7o) are re5)ired to s)3-it +o)r 0or1 in a neat2 order*+2 detai*ed and organi<ed -anner/ se references in a** +o)r 0or1/
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CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st
T.is )nit descri3es t.e 1no0*edge and s1i**s re5)ired 3+ 0or1ers 0it.in t.eir designated ro*e and res4onsi3i*ities to s)44ort or assist a c*ient 0it. t.eir 4ersona* care needs 0it.in t.e fra-e0or1 of an individ)a*ised care s)44ort 4*an Ele)ent Per*+r)an,e Criteria E*e-ents define t.e essentia* o)tco-es of a )nit of co-4etenc+/ 1/ A44*+ )nderstanding of c*ient=s personal support requirements T.e Perfor-ance Criteria s4ecif+ t.e *eve* of 4erfor-ance re5)ired to de-onstrate ac.ieve-ent of t.e E*e-ent/ Ter-s in ita*ics are e*a3orated in t.e Range State-ent/ 1/1 Revie0 personal care support plan 0it. c*ient to confir- s)44ort re5)ire-ents to address 4ersona* care needs Confir- personal support re5)ire-ents 0it.in sco4e of 1no0*edge2 s1i**s and;or 8o3 ro*e and see1 a44ro4riate s)44ort;in4)ts for t.ose o)tside sco4e Consider t.e potential impact t.at 4rovision of 4ersona* care s)44ort -a+ .ave on t.e c*ient and confir- 0it. s)4ervisor Consider s4ecific c)*t)ra* needs of t.e c*ient re*evant to 4ersona* s)44ort Consider ris1s associated 0it. t.e 4rovision of s)44ort and confir- 0it. s)4ervisor Identif+ equipment, processes and aids for 4roviding assistance and 4ro-oting inde4endence Identif+ as4ects of 4rocesses and aids o)tside s1i**s and 1no0*edge and;or 8o3 ro*e and see1 a44ro4riate s)44ort Confir- 4roced)res 0it. t.e c*ient Consider and confir- t.e c*ient=s *eve* of 4artici4ation in -eeting t.eir 4ersona* care needs Confir- t.e c*ient=s 4references Provide t.e c*ient 0it. infor-ation to assist t.e- in -eeting t.eir o0n 4ersona* care needs Pre4are and )se necessar+ 4rocesses2 e5)i4-ent2 aids and a44*iances in an a44ro4riate and safe -anner Provide s)44ort or assistance according to t.e 4ersona* care 4*an and organisation 4o*icies2 4rotoco*s and 4roced)res Provide s)44ort or assistance in t.e conte6t of identified ris1s Assist c*ient2 as re5)ired2 0it.: - s.o0ering - 3ed 3at.ing - s.aving - dressing2 )ndressing and groo-ing - toi*eting and t.e )se of continence aids - eating and drin1ing )sing a44ro4riate feeding tec.ni5)es - ora* .+giene - -o3i*it+ and transfer inc*)ding in and o)t of ve.ic*es and fa**s recover+ tec.ni5)es Provide s)44ort or assistance 0it. technical care activities according to t.e 4ersona* care 4*an and organisation 4o*icies2 4rotoco*s and 4roced)res C*arif+ diffic)*ties in 4roviding s)44ort to -eet c*ient needs 0it. c*ient and a s)4ervisor and address 0it.in organisation 4rotoco*s !aintain confidentia*it+2 4rivac+ and dignit+ of t.e c*ient 0it. organisation 4o*ic+ and 4rotoco*s
1/2
1/3
1/> 1/? 1/& 1/@
2/
Provide s)44ort 0it.in t.e conte6t of -a6i-)- c*ient 4artici4ation
2/1 2/2 2/3 2/>
3/
Address 4ersona* s)44ort re5)ire-ents
3/1 3/2
3/3 3/>
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3/&
3/@
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Ele)ent E*e-ents define t.e essentia* o)tco-es of a )nit of co-4etenc+/
Per*+r)an,e Criteria T.e Perfor-ance Criteria s4ecif+ t.e *eve* of 4erfor-ance re5)ired to de-onstrate ac.ieve-ent of t.e E*e-ent/ Ter-s in ita*ics are e*a3orated in t.e Range State-ent/ 3/A Perfor- 0or1 to t.e standard re5)ired 3+ t.e organisation Identif+ variations in 4ersona* care s)44ort re5)ire-ents and report to s)4ervisor $or1 0it. 4erson and s)4ervisor to identif+ re5)ired c.anges to 4rocesses and aids Identif+ variations and concerns a3o)t c*ient=s .ea*t. Re4ort variations and concerns a3o)t c*ient=s .ea*t. to t.e s)4ervisor Co-4*+ 0it. t.e organisation=s reporting requirements2 inc*)ding re4orting o3servations to s)4ervisor Co-4*ete doc)-entation according to organisation 4o*ic+ and 4rotoco*s !aintain doc)-entation in a -anner consistent 0it. re4orting re5)ire-ents Bi*e doc)-entation according to organisation 4o*ic+ and 4rotoco*s
>/
Recognise and re4ort c.anges in c*ient .ea*t. and;or 4ersona* s)44ort re5)ire-ents
>/1 >/2 >/3 >/>
?/
Co-4*ete re4orting and doc)-entation
?/1 ?/2 ?/3 ?/>
ESSE"TIA# C"O$#EDDE:
T.e candidate -)st 3e a3*e to de-onstrate essentia* 1no0*edge re5)ired to effective*+ 4erfor- tas1 s1i**sE tas1 -anage-ent s1i**sE contingenc+ -anage-ent s1i**s and 8o3;ro*e environ-ent s1i**s as o)t*ined in e*e-ents and 4erfor-ance criteria of t.is )nit T.ese inc*)de 1no0*edge and )nderstanding of: nderstanding of o0n 0or1 ro*e and res4onsi3i*ities Processes and strategies to s)44ort 4eo4*e 0it. 4ersona* care needs Basics of 3od+ .+giene and groo-ing Basics of ora* .+giene Cno0*edge to inter4ret a 4ersona* care s)44ort 4*an2 inc*)ding ter-ino*og+2 3asic )nderstanding;1no0*edge of .)-an 3od+ s+ste-s2 goa*s2 o38ectives2 actions Persona* safet+ and sec)rit+ ris1s associated 0it. 4rovision of 4ersona* care s)44ort Strategies to -ini-ise 4ersona* safet+ and sec)rit+ ris1s associated 0it. 4rovision of 4ersona* care s)44ort Ro*e of carers Co--on e5)i4-ent and aids )ti*ised in 4rovision of 4ersona* care s)44ort Princi4*es and 4ractices of confidentia*it+ and 4rivac+ Princi4*es and 4ractices in )nderta1ing tec.nica* s1i**s associated 0it. s)44orting; assisting 4eo4*e to -eet 4ersona* care needs Significance of service setting inc*)ding s4ecific conte6ts of s)44orting 4ersona* care needs in a residentia* care setting and in a c*ient=s 4rivate .o-e $or14*ace .ea*t. and safet+ iss)es and 4roced)res2 'inc*)ding t.ose re*ated to -an)a* .and*ing and infection contro*,
ESSE"TIA# SCI##S:
It is critica* t.at t.e candidate de-onstrate t.e a3i*it+ to: Bo**o0 organisation 4o*icies and 4rotoco*s #iaise and re4ort a44ro4riate*+ to s)4ervisor and;or .ea*t. 4rofessiona*s !a1e infor-ed o3servations and re4ort a44ro4riate*+
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Ad.ere to o0n 0or1 ro*e and res4onsi3i*ities O3tain re*evant infor-ation fro- a 4ersona* care s)44ort 4*an Provide 4.+sica* and 4s+c.osocia* s)44ort to t.e 4erson 0.en assisting 0it. 4ersona* care needs Provide 4ersona* care s)44ort 0it.in t.e individ)a* 4ersona* care conte6t Res4ond to a c*ient=s 4ersona* 4references 0.erever a44ro4riate Provide genera* .+giene and groo-ing inc*)ding 4.+sica* a3i*it+ to: - 4erfor- 4ersona* care tas1s - 4rovide ora* .+giene - 4erfor- c*ient *ifting and )se -oving -et.ods - )se aids and e5)i4-ent S)44ort a 4erson=s direction and 4artici4ation in 4rovision of 4ersona* care s)44ort se 4rocesses2 aids and e5)i4-ent a44ro4riate*+ in 4rovision of 4ersona* care s)44ort Co--)nicate effective*+ 0it. 4eo4*e re5)iring 4ersona* care s)44ort Identif+ variations to 4ersona* care s)44ort re5)ire-ents Identif+ and res4ond to ris1s associated 0it. 4roviding 4ersona* care s)44ort
De-onstrate safe and effective )se of 0or14*ace tec.no*og+ in *ine 0it. 0or14*ace .ea*t. and safet+ '$HS, g)ide*ines In addition2 t.e candidate -)st 3e a3*e to de-onstrate re*evant tas1 s1i**sE tas1 -anage-ent s1i**sE contingenc+ -anage-ent s1i**s and 8o3;ro*e environ-ent s1i**s T.ese inc*)de t.e a3i*it+ to: A44*+ reading and 0riting s1i**s re5)ired to f)*fi* 0or1 ro*e in a safe -anner and as s4ecified 3+ t.e organisation;service: - t.is re5)ires a *eve* of s1i** t.at ena3*es t.e 0or1er to fo**o0 0or1Fre*ated instr)ctions and directions and t.e a3i*it+ to see1 c*arification and co--ents fro- s)4ervisors2 c*ients and co**eag)es - ind)str+ 0or1 ro*es 0i** re5)ire 0or1ers to 4ossess a *iterac+ *eve* t.at 0i** ena3*e t.e- to inter4ret internationa* safet+ signs2 read c*ient=s service de*iver+ 4*ans2 -a1e notations in c*ients records and co-4*ete 0or14*ace for-s and records A44*+ ora* co--)nication s1i**s re5)ired to f)*fi* 0or1 ro*e in a safe -anner and as s4ecified 3+ t.e organisation: - t.is re5)ires a *eve* of s1i** t.at ena3*es t.e 0or1er to fo**o0 0or1Fre*ated instr)ctions and directions and t.e a3i*it+ to see1 c*arification and co--ents fro- s)4ervisors2 c*ients and co**eag)es - ind)str+ 0or1 ro*es 0i** re5)ire 0or1ers to 4ossess ora* co--)nication s1i**s t.at 0i** ena3*e t.e- to as1 5)estions2 c*arif+ )nderstanding2 recognise and inter4ret nonFver3a* c)es2 4rovide infor-ation and e64ress enco)rage-ent A44*+ n)-erac+ s1i**s re5)ired to f)*fi* 0or1 ro*e in a safe -anner and as s4ecified 3+ t.e organisation: - ind)str+ 0or1 ro*es 0i** re5)ire 0or1ers to 3e a3*e to 4erfor- 3asic -at.e-atica* f)nctions2 s)c. as addition and s)3traction )4 to t.ree digit n)-3ers and -)*ti4*ication and division of sing*e and do)3*eFdigit n)-3ers A44*+ 3asic 4ro3*e- so*ving s1i**s to reso*ve 4ro3*e-s of *i-ited diffic)*t+ 0it.in organisation 4rotoco*s $or1 effective*+ 0it. c*ients2 co**eag)es and s)4ervisors
RA"DE STATE!E"T
T.e Range State-ent re*ates to t.e )nit of co-4etenc+ as a 0.o*e/ It a**o0s for different 0or1 environ-ents and sit)ations t.at -a+ affect 4erfor-ance/ Add an+ essentia* o4erating conditions t.at -a+ 3e 4resent 0it. training and assess-ent de4ending on t.e 0or1 sit)ation2 needs of t.e candidate2 accessi3i*it+ of t.e ite-2 and *oca* ind)str+ and regiona* conte6ts Personal support context may include: Peo4*e *iving in a residentia* care environ-ent Peo4*e *iving in t.e co--)nit+ St)dents in sc.oo*s
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Invo*ve-ent of carer Individualised care support plan may include: A stand a*one 4ersona* care 4*an Persona* care as4ects e-3edded in a 0ider individ)a*ised 4*an Assisting 0it. 4ersona* .+giene - assisting 0it. eating and drin1ing and )se feeding tec.ni5)es - assisting 0it. ora* .+giene and .ea*t. care - assisting 0it. toi*eting and )se of continence aids - 3ed 3at.ing - dressing and groo-ing inc*)ding assisting 0it. 4ress)re stoc1ing - s.aving - s.o0ering - e*i-ination H+dration and n)trition inc*)ding d+s4.agia !aintenance of s1in integrit+ and 4ress)re area 4revention !o3i*it+ and transfer inc*)ding in and o)t of ve.ic*es and fa**s recover+ tec.ni5)es !onitoring -edication as a44ro4riate to 0or1 ro*e "ai* care Pain2 rest and s*ee4 Res4iration
Personal support requirements may include:
Tec.nica* care activities according to t.e 4ersona* care s)44ort 4*an and organisation 4o*icies2 4rotoco*s and 4roced)res Simple technical skills may include: Si-4*e dressing Cat.eter care 'not inc*)ding insertion or re-ova* of t)3es, A44*ication of 4rost.eses A44*ication of antiFt.ro-3otic stoc1ings Assistance 0it. 3reat.ing t)3es ')nder direct s)4ervision of a .ea*t. 4rofessiona*, Si-4*e e+e care E-3arrass-ent Bear Dise-4o0er-ent H)-i*iation Disco-fort $.ee*c.airs and ot.er trans4ort devices !o3i*it+ aids #ifting and transferring aids Beds Breat.ing devices Sca*es Continence aids Persona* a)dioFvis)a* aids !odified feeding aids Evidence of se*fFneg*ect
Potential impact may include:
Equipments, processes and aids may include:
Situations of risk or potential risk, may include:
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Be.avio)rs of concern I-4aired 8)dge-ent and 4ro3*e- so*ving a3i*ities I-4aired cognitive f)nctioning S)dden or )ne64ected c.ange in .ea*t. stat)s inc*)de sensor+ *oss Ho-e environ-enta* .a<ards - s*i44er+ or )neven f*oor s)rfaces - 4.+sica* o3str)ctions 'e/g/ f)rnit)re and e5)i4-ent, - 4oor .o-e -aintenance - 4oor or ina44ro4riate *ig.ting - inade5)ate .eating and coo*ing devices - inade5)ate sec)rit+ Socia* rig.ts infringe-ents Ver3a*: - te*e4.one - faceFtoFface "onFver3a* '0ritten,: - 4rogress re4orts - case notes - .a<ard and incident re4orts - care 4*ans
Report may include:
EVIDE"CE D IDE
T.e evidence g)ide 4rovides advice on assess-ent and -)st 3e read in con8)nction 0it. t.e Perfor-ance Criteria2 Re5)ired S1i**s and Cno0*edge2 t.e Range State-ent and t.e Assess-ent D)ide*ines for t.is Training Pac1age/ Critical aspects for assessment and evidence required to demonstrate this unit of competency: T.e individ)a* 3eing assessed -)st 4rovide evidence of s4ecified essentia* 1no0*edge as 0e** as s1i**s It is reco--ended t.at assess-ent or infor-ation for assess-ent 0i** 3e cond)cted or gat.ered over a 4eriod of ti-e and cover t.e nor-a* range of 0or14*ace sit)ations and settings T.is )nit -)st 3e assessed in a 0or1 conte6t and )nder t.e nor-a* range of 0or14*ace conditions $.ere2 for reasons of safet+2 s4ace2 or access to e5)i4-ent and reso)rces2 so-e assess-ent ta1es 4*ace a0a+ fro- t.e 0or14*ace2 t.e assess-ent environ-ent s.o)*d re4resent 0or14*ace conditions as c*ose*+ as 4ossi3*e ccess and equity considerations: A** 0or1ers in co--)nit+ services s.o)*d 3e a0are of access2 e5)it+ and .)-an rig.ts iss)es in re*ation to t.eir o0n area of 0or1 A** 0or1ers s.o)*d deve*o4 t.eir a3i*it+ to 0or1 in a c)*t)ra**+ diverse environ-ent In recognition of 4artic)*ar iss)es facing A3origina* and Torres Strait Is*ander co--)nities2 0or1ers s.o)*d 3e a0are of c)*t)ra*2 .istorica* and c)rrent iss)es i-4acting on A3origina* and Torres Strait Is*ander 4eo4*e
Assessors and trainers -)st ta1e into acco)nt re*evant access and e5)it+ iss)es2 in 4artic)*ar re*ating to factors i-4acting on A3origina* and;or Torres Strait Is*ander c*ients and co--)nities Context of and specific resources for assessment: T.is )nit can 3e assessed inde4endent*+2 .o0ever .o*istic assess-ent 4ractice 0it. ot.er co--)nit+ services )nits of co-4etenc+ is enco)raged Reso)rces re5)ired for assess-ent inc*)de access to: - a44ro4riate 0or14*ace 0.ere assess-ent can ta1e 4*ace - re*evant organisation 4o*ic+2 4rotoco*s and 4roced)res - $HS ind)str+ g)ides - .ea*t. care c.ec1*ists2 .ea*t. -anage-ent 4*ans2 4ersona* .ea*t.care diaries e5)i4-ent and reso)rces nor-a**+ )sed in t.e 0or14*ace
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!ethod of assessment may include: O3servation in t.e 0or14*ace $ritten assign-ents;4ro8ects Case st)d+ and scenario ana*+sis G)estioning Ro*e 4*a+ si-)*ation
I"TROD CTIO" //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

D#OSSAR7 OB TER!S
Ter) Atr+-./ As-irati+n Care Plan De,01it0s Ul,ers2 De./3rati+n2 Di0reti,s2 D/s-.agia2 !astri, Re*l042 HACC H/3r+t.era-/ In,+ntinen,e Lesi+n M+1ilit/ Ne,r+sis Ne0r+l+gi,al O1esit/ Palliati5e Care Perineal Care Ps/,.+tr+-i, P0rgati5e Ser5i,e Deli5er/ Plan Meaning T.e *oss of f*e6i3i*it+ or e*asticit+ Breat.ing f*)id or an o38ect into t.e *)ngs A 4*an for t.e care of ever+ aged care 4erson/ P*an inc*)des dai*+ ro)tines2 -edica* re5)ire-ents and s4ecia* needs Bed sores or 4ress)re areas #ac1 of 0ater 'dr+ing, !edication to -a1e a 4erson )rinate Diffic)*t+ 0it. s0a**o0ing Sto-ac. 8)ices co-ing 3ac1 )4 t.e oeso4.ag)s Ho-e and Co--)nit+ Care Services $ater t.era4+ T.e ina3i*it+ to contro* 3*adder or 3o0e* An in8)r+ or 0o)nd A3i*it+ of a 4erson to -ove2 0a*12 stand and sit 0it. or 0it.o)t assistance Deat. of tiss)e or 3one ')s)a**+ tiss)e, Re*ating to nerves Dross*+ over0eig.t Care to 4rovide 4ain re*ief and co-fort to 4eo4*e 0it. inc)ra3*e disease C*eaning t.e genita* and ana* areas !edication affecting t.e 3rain A -edication to -a1e a 4erson 4ass faeces A 4*an )sed 3+ services to detai* t.e -anner in 0.ic. t.e f)nding assigned to t.e 4erson 0i** 3e )sed to s)44ort t.e-/ It can inc*)de infor-ation a3o)t a** facets of t.e 4erson=s *ife and t.e t+4es of s)44ort re5)ired to contin)e t.eir *ifest+*e in t.e 0a+ t.e+ en8o+ it
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"DERSTA"D THE C#IE"T=S PERSO"A# "EEDS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

I"TROD CTIO"
T.e -a8or goa* of care 4rovision for t.e o*der individ)a* is t.e -a6i-i<ation of t.eir 0e** 3eing and 5)a*it+ of *ife/ To ac.ieve t.is goa* is to -aintain a s)ccessf)* dai*+ 4ersona* care ro)tine invo*ving s)c. activities as 3at.ing2 dressing2 eating2 0a*1ing '-o3i*it+,2 transferring2 toi*eting and -anaging continence/ A dai*+ ro)tine is 3ased on a n)-3er of 1e+ factors: T.e c*ient s.o)*d .ave as -)c. contro* as 4ossi3*e over 0.en t.e activities of dai*+ *iving 0i** 3e carried o)t2 and s.o)*d 3e enco)raged to do as -)c. as 4ossi3*e for t.e-se*ves/ T.e s)44orting care ro)tines are descri3ed in a care 4*an to ens)re consistenc+ and ongoing assess-ent of care C.anges in care needs are -et 0it. an a44ro4riate res4onse
REVIE$ PERSO"A# CARE S PPORT P#A" $ITH C#IE"T

6.at is a ,are -lan7 Eac. Residentia* Baci*it+ 4rovides an individ)a* Care P*an for eac. 4erson in care/ T.is Care P*an is a doc)-ent 0.ic. c*ear*+ o)t*ines s)c. t.ings as t.e 4erson=s individ)a* 4ro3*e-s and needs/ T.is Care P*an s.o)*d ref*ect a H.o*isticI a44roac. to care/ T.at is2 t.e 4.+sica*2 4s+c.o*ogica*2 socia* and s4irit)a* needs of t.e 4erson s.o)*d 3e covered 3+ t.e care 4*an/ T.ere are e64ected o)tco-es and goa*s for eac. 4erson2 as 0e** as actions or interventions agreed to 3+ t.e ot.er s)44ort staff/ A 4rinci4a* ai- of service 4rovision is to assist t.e 4erson to -aintain as -)c. inde4endence as 4ossi3*e/ F+r e4a)-le T.e 4erson is enco)raged to contri3)te to t.eir o0n dai*+ activities of *iving/ Services are f)nded on a s*iding sca*e 0.ic. is direct*+ re*ated to t.e *eve* of inde4endence of t.e 4erson/ On t.e fo**o0ing 4ages2 +o) 0i** find e6a-4*es of Care P*ans 0.ic. are )sed for ever+ 4erson;c*ient of an aged care service/ As a care 0or1er2 +o) 0i** 3e re5)ired to 3e a3*e to read t.e Care P*an and co-4*ete tas1s and instr)ctions on it/ 7o) 0i** a*so 3e re5)ired to add i-4ortant o3servations and co--ents and co-4*ete sections s)c. as +o)r signat)re and date/ T.e o3servations 0.ic. +o) note 0i** assist +o)r organisation to 4rovide t.e -ost a44ro4riate care2 as 0e** as -onitor t.e 4erson=s .ea*t. and 0e**F3eing/ Bor e6a-4*e2 a ver+ disa3*ed 4erson -a+ sti** 3e a3*e to contri3)te to t.eir o0n dressing 3+ raising t.eir ar- 0.en +o) as1 t.e- to/ T.is t+4e of action indicates a .ig.er *eve* of inde4endence t.an +o) -ig.t .ave t.o)g.t/ Different faci*ities 0i** .ave different for-ats for care 4*ans/ T.e infor-ation contained in t.e care 4*an is *i1e*+ to 3e t.e sa-e/ Ho0ever2 t.e for-at -a+ c.ange fro- faci*it+ to faci*it+/
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E4a)-le
Si)-le Sa)-le +* a Care Plan Pers+nal Details S0rna)e2 !i5en Na)e2 Pre*erre3 Na)e2 Carer in ,.arge2 S0-er5is+r2 D+,t+r2 Allergies2 Pr+1le)s 1. P./si,al Diffic)*t+ raising fro- c.air . Ps/,.+s+,ial #i-ited socia* contacts !+als Deter-ine -o3i*it+ stat)s R++) N+2 DOB2 Ai3s Use3 Hearing aid D*asses Dent)res 9 44er #o0er $a*1ing Stic1 $a*1ing Bra-e $.ee*c.air E5al0ati+n Sta**8 Signat0re Carer
Inter5enti+ns P.+siot.era4ist to assess on $ed 3 !ar Introd)ce to vo*)nteer for 10 -in)tes conversation dai*+/ P*ace reg)*ar*+ 0it. Eva for *)nc. Set )4 fa-i*+ intervie0 3+ 30 !ar
Increase socia*i<ation
As1 vo*)nteer to doc)-ent
R"
#. Fa)il/ "o fa-i*+ visit in *ast -ont. Care Plan re5ie92 Date2 O0t,+)e2
Enco)rage fa-i*+ to visit -ore often
DO"
T.e )+st i)-+rtant iss0e +* g++3 ,are -lanning is t.e -r+5isi+n +* ,+nsistent ,are
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E6a-4*e CLINCIAL RECORD NO2 SUNRISE RESIDENTIAL FACILIT< SURNAME2 !I=EN NAME2 DOB2 CLIENT CARE PLAN
Date
Pr+1le) N0)1er
PENSION NO2 MEDICARE NO2

!+als8 E4-e,te3 +0t,+)es Inter5enti+n 8 A,ti+n Signat0re E5al0ati+n Signat0re
DOCTOR2
N0rsing Diagn+sis :i3enti*ie3 nee3s8 -r+1le)s;
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CHCICS#01A Version & '()*+ 2012,
E4a)-le +* Care Plan In-0t

Date N0rsing Diagn+sis :i3enti*ie3 nee3s8 -r+1le)s; P+tential8 A,t0al Potentia* for i-4aired s1in integrit+ d)e to )rinar+ incontinence and co**ection of 3odi*+ -oist)re/ !+als E4-e,te3 +0t,+)es To 4revent s1in 3rea1do0n d)e to e64os)re to )rine *ea1age and co**ection of 4ers4iration as s.o0n 3+ s1in irritation;infection and associated disco-fort and 4ro3*e-s/ Inter5enti+n A,ti+n Ins4ect c*ient=s groin and scrota* areas for s1in 3rea1do0n and infection B/D/ Re4ort an+ c.anges in s1in integrit+ at once to R/"/ A44ro4riate treat-ent given at R/"=s discretion/ $as. areas 0it. 0ar- 0ater 0it. -i*1 soa4 added/ Ens)re a** areas are co-4*ete*+ dried 4rior to a44*+ing a44ro4riate treat-ent/ E64*ain a** 4roced)res and -aintain 4rivac+ and dignit+ at a** ti-es/ E5al0ati+n Signat0re
Pers+nal n+tes
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Care P*ans identif+ s4ecific care needs of t.e 4erson as a 4riorit+2 in addition to .ea*t. care needs2 4ersona*2 recreationa*2 4s+c.o*ogica* and e-otiona* needs 0.ic. -a+ a*so 3e noted/ S4ecific dietar+ re5)ire-ents and -o3i*it+ needs s.o)*d a*so 3e noted/ T.e care 4*an is deve*o4ed 3+ a tea- of 4eo4*e/ It is i-4ortant to *oo1 at 0.at t.e 4erson is ca4a3*e of doing as 0e** as identif+ ne0 areas 0.ere t.e 4erson needs .e*4/ It is i-4ortant t.at t.e aged 4erson and t.eir carer are invo*ved in t.e deve*o4-ent of t.e Care P*an/ T.e 4erson and;or t.eir fa-i*+ 0i** 3e direct*+ invo*ved in t.e care 4*anning 4rocess and t.is ens)res t.eir individ)a* needs 0i** 3e -et/ Peo4*e=s a3i*ities as 0e** as t.eir needs s.o)*d 3e ta1en into acco)nt so t.at t.e+ can 3e as inde4endent as 4ossi3*e/ T.e foc)s s.o)*d 3e on t.eir a3i*it+ rat.er t.an t.eir disa3i*it+/ T.is assists in 4ro-oting a 4ositive environ-ent and individ)a*ised Care P*an for t.e 4erson/ So-eti-es 0.en 4*anning care 0it. t.e 4erson2 it is necessar+ to invo*ve ot.er s)44ort services in order to -aintain t.e 4erson=s inde4endence/ Bor 4eo4*e *iving in t.e co--)nit+2 t.ese -a+ inc*)de vario)s Ho-e and Co--)nit+ Care Services :HACC;. T.e Ser5i,e Deli5er/ Plan is t.e 4ersona*i<ed 4*an t.at sets o)t .o0 t.e co--)nit+ service 0i** 3e de*ivered to t.e c*ient/ It detai*s t.e 0a+ in 0.ic. f)nding is )sed to -eet t.e 4erson=s needs/ It is designed 0it. 4artici4ation of t.e c*ient2 t.eir fa-i*+2 service 4rovider and an+ re4resentatives fro- a**ied .ea*t. 4rofessiona*s invo*ved in t.e 4erson=s *ife/ It is essentia* t.at t.e service de*iver+ 4*an is designed to co-4re.ensive*+ -eet t.e 4erson=s needs/ T.is is t.e -ain doc)-ent t.at a** service needs are .ig.*ig.ted in/ Detai*s 0.ic. are inc*)ded in t.e 4*an are: T.e t+4e of 8o3s t.e staff need to foc)s on T.e goa*s2 needs and 0is.es of t.e 4erson Ot.er net0or1ed services t.at 0i** 3e inc*)ded in t.e service de*iver+ !edica* needs of t.e 4erson t.at are to 3e -et 3+ t.e service Detai*s a3o)t t.e *iving sit)ation2 inc*)ding stat)s of t.e residence 9 0.et.er it is a .o)sing co--ission .o)se2 or is o0ned or rented 3+ t.e c*ient T.e s4irit)a* needs of t.e 4erson and .o0 t.e+ are to 3e -et 0it. service de*iver+ An+ a**ied .ea*t. 4rofessiona* invo*ved in service de*iver+ T.e .ea*t. and n)tritiona* needs of t.e 4erson T.e socia* and recreationa* needs of t.e 4erson N0rsing Care Plan
Care Plan
A ")rsing Care P*an 4rovides t.e g)ide*ines for t.e care of t.e resident/ It s.o0s t.e resident=s needs on entr+ to t.e faci*it+ and t.e n)rsing actions or interventions needed to -anage t.ose needs2 for e6a-4*e -ea*s and drin1s2 3e.avio)rs and 3o0e* -anage-ent/ It is )4dated reg)*ar*+
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"a-e: (ac1 Ro4er DOCTOR: Dr B)rro0s N0rsing Diagn+sis Personal Hygiene Resisting 0it. attending to 4ersona* .+giene re*ated to de4ression/ Mobilizing Re*)ctant to -o3i*i<e o)tside roo- area/ !+al
!R"
3>213 DOB: 12;>;3? N0rsing inter5enti+n E5al0ati+n
To ens)re 4ersona* .+giene needs are -et/
Assist 0it. s.o0er dai*+ Assist 0it. denta* .+giene 3 ti-es dai*+ Assist resident 0it. -o3i*i<ation and enco)rage t.e )se of a 0a*1ing fra-e Ens)re resident -o3i*i<es at reg)*ar interva*sFever+ >;2> Re-ove o3stac*es fro- 0a*1ing areas
23;0&;0J Agreeing to .ave s.o0er 0as.ing o0n face and .ands and 4eriFana* areas R$ 'R", 'signed, 2>;0&;0J "o0 a3*e to -o3i*i<e o)tside rooR$ 'R", 'signed,
To enco)rage -o3i*i<ation o)tside roo-/
N0rsing Diagn+sis2 O)t*ines t.e resident=s condition and an+ 4ro3*e-s !a+ a*so give t.e ca)se of t.e condition !+als: O)t*ines t.e c.anges in t.e resident t.at t.e faci*it+ 0ants to ac.ieve T.e goa*s s.o)*d 3e rea*istic and a3*e to 3e o3served and -eas)red T.e+ )s)a**+ start 0it. HToI e/g/ To contro*2 To 4revent N0rsing Inter5enti+n2 O)t*ines 0.at needs to 3e done to ac.ieve t.e goa*s T.e interventions need to 3e 0ritten 0it. eno)g. infor-ation for an+ n)rse to fo**o0 easi*+ T.e interventions )s)a**+ start 0it. an action 0ord e/g/ Ta1e2 $ear Evaluation: Contains co--ents 3+ n)rsing staff on t.e condition of t.e resident in re*ation to t.e n)rsing diagnosis ")rsing staff 0i** eit.er 0rite Hcondition )nc.angedI or 0rite .o0 t.e condition .as c.anged Se,ti+ns +* t.e -lan A,ti5it/ One2 Be*o0 is a grid fro- (ac1=s Care P*an a3o)t B*adder !anage-ent/ Read t.e si6 notes 3e*o0 and 4*ace n)-3ers in t.e grid to s.o0 0.ere t.e notes 0o)*d go:

Assist to toi*et 3efore going to 3ed/ Occasiona* )rinar+ incontinence at nig.t/ 21;> Doa*s ac.ieved 0it. c)rrent intervention !!/ 1J;& Incontinent for 3 nig.ts/ To -aintain )rinar+ continence at nig.t/ Pro-4t and enco)rage 3*adder e*i-ination/
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N0rsing Diagn+sis Bladder management
!+al
N0rsing Inter5enti+n
E5al0ati+n
Un3erstan3ing Inter5enti+ns A,ti5it/ T9+2

Rea3 (ac1=s Care P*an and tic1 t.e ite-s t.at +o) .ave to do to .e*4 (ac1 toda+ 'Se*ect >, r S)4ervise (ac1=s -ea*s r Assist (ac1 0it. .is food r !a1e an a44oint-ent 0it. t.e dentist r C*ean (ac1=s .earing aid in t.e -orning and t.e afternoon r C*ean (ac1=s g*asses in t.e -orning and t.e afternoon r Re-ind (ac1 to c.ange .is g*asses 0.en .e 0atc.es TV r C.ec1 t.at (ac1 .as .is .earing aid in N0rsing Diagn+sis Meals and Drink A*tered n)trition re5)ire-ents are -ore t.an n)tritiona* inta1e re*ated to: 4oor a44etite 4oor dentition Communication Diffic)*t+ 0it. .earing and seeing/ A)dioFvis)a* deficit/ !+al To ens)re resident eats 0e** 3a*anced diet/ N0rsing Inter5enti+n

E5al0ati+n 1&;J "o0 eats -ost green vegeta3*es2 -eat and fis. (B 'R",
Pro-4t and enco)rage eating d)ring -ea* ti-es/ Ens)re dent)res are c*eaned 3 ti-es a da+ and fit 0e**/ Eva*)ate denta* .+giene 0ee1*+/ Ens)re resident 0ears .earing aid in *eft ear and g*asses d)ring t.e da+/ Dive c*ear ver3a* instr)ctions at a** ti-es and ens)re resident .ears +o)r instr)ctions Ens)re e+e g*asses and .earing aids are c*eaned 2K dai*+/
To i-4rove .earing and e+esig.t/
23;A "o0 re5)ires .earing aids in 3ot. ears (B 'R",
A,ti5it/ T.ree2
Rea3 t.e ")rsing Care P*an for !o**+ Ta+*or and tic1 t.e t.ings t.at +o) .ave to do to .e*4 !o**+ toda+ 'c.oose >,: r !a1e s)re !o**+ does not *eave .er roor !a1e s)re t.at !o**+ does not *eave t.e 0ing r C.ec1 !o**+=s 3ag for ot.er residents= 4ossessions r Ta1e !o**+ to an area set o)tside for s-o1ing if s.e 0ants to s-o1e r Ta1e !o**+ to t.e *o)nge roo- if s.e 0ants to s-o1e
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r r
C.ec1 0.ere !o**+ dis4oses of .er cigarettes 0.en s.e finis.es s-o1ing A**o0 !o**+ to 0ander t.ro)g.o)t t.e entire Aged Care faci*it+ !+al To ens)re t.at 0andering confined to .er 0ing/ To ens)re t.at s.e does not .o*d on to ot.er residents= 4ossessions/ N0rsing inter5enti+n

N0rsing 3iagn+sis Tendenc+ to 0ander in t.e afternoon *oo1ing for Lt.e co0s=/ Bre5)ent*+ interferes 0it. ot.er residents= 4ossessions and 4)ts t.e- in .er 3ag/ Danger to self Bre5)ent*+ 4)ts cigarettes t.at are a*ig.t into .er 3ag
E5al0ati+n 1&;J Condition )nc.anged
Wandering or intrusive behaviour !onitor 0andering and 1ee4 c.art/ Distract 0it. activities/ Retrieve ot.er residents= 4ossessions fro- .er 3ag/ !)st offer so-et.ing in its 4*ace2 ot.er0ise resident 0i** 3eco-e )4set/ S)4ervise and -onitor a** s-o1ing activities d)ring t.e da+/ Ens)re !o**+ on*+ s-o1es in designated areas/
To ens)re t.at s.e dis4oses of cigarettes safe*+
23;A Condition )nc.anged (B 'R",
$HO DETER!I"ES E#IDIBI#IT7 BOR RESIDE"TIA#; CO!! "IT7 CAREM

ged Care ssessment !eams " C !#:
Aged Care Assess-ent Tea-s are -ade )4 of 4eo4*e 0.o can carr+ o)t an assess-ent of an individ)a* and t.eir circ)-stances to deter-ine 0.et.er or not t.at 4erson is e*igi3*e to go into residentia* care/ In addition to t.ese assess-ents2 t.e+ can a*so 4rovide infor-ation2 advice and assistance to o*der 4eo4*e 0.o 0ant to re-ain at .o-e 0it. s)44ort/
What is an assessment$
An assess-ent is a -)*tiFdi-ensiona* eva*)ation of a 4erson in 0.ic. -)*ti4*e 4ro3*e-s of an o*der 4erson are identified2 descri3ed and e64*ained/ T.e need for service is assessed and )s)a**+ reco--endations are -ade/ A coordinated Care P*an is deve*o4ed to foc)s services on t.ose needs/ T.ese assess-ents can 3e cond)cted in a .os4ita*2 in a .o-e or in a .oste*/ T.ese ,an in,l03e2 H+)e .el- 9 .e*4ing 0it. c*eaning2 coo1ing2 0as.ing2 ironing2 s.o44ing and 3an1ing H+)e )aintenan,e 9 fi6ing ta4s2 re4*acing *ig.t 3)*3s2 -o0ing *a0n H+)e n0rsing 9 trained n)rses visiting reg)*ar*+ or on a oneFoff 3asis2 or fro- a co--)nit+ centre Pers+nal ,are 9 centreF3ased -ea*s2 de*ivered -ea*s '!ea*s on $.ee*s,2 neig.3o)r.ood food 3)+ing services Res-ite ,are 9 4roviding a 3rea1 to 4eo4*e 0.o care for t.e frai* aged2 4eo4*e 0it. de-entia and +o)nger 4eo4*e 0it. a disa3i*it+ Trans-+rt ser5i,esF 4roviding -iniF3)s services to ta1e 4eo4*e to and fro- services 0.ere ot.er trans4ort is not avai*a3*e Assess)ent ser5i,es 9 4roviding referra*s and ACAT 'Aged Care Assess-ent Tea-, Training 9 s)44ort vo*)nteer organisations and training for carers HACC services tr+ to -eet individ)a* needs/ Eac. 4erson -a+ re5)ire a different co-3ination of services and t.eir needs -a+ c.ange over ti-e as t.eir 4ersona* sit)ation c.anges/
Re5ie9ing /+0r ,lients s0--+rt re>0ire)ents
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An i-4ortant o38ective of a 4ersona* care s)44ort is to increase a c*ient=s a3i*it+ to direct t.eir o0n *ives/ So-eti-es inc*)sions in service de*iver+ 4*ans are restrictive or do not 4rovide s)fficient o44ort)nities for deve*o4-ent/ !onitoring t.e 4*an a**o0s ti-e*+ c.anges to 3e -ade to .e*4 ens)re t.e o38ectives of t.e s)44ort 4*an are ac.ieved/ Cons)*ting 0it. t.e c*ient and t.eir caregivers is one 0a+ to revie0 0or1/ T.ere are ot.er -et.ods/ T.ese inc*)de: 1/ O3servation 2/ T.e res)*ts of assess-ents 3/ Disc)ssion and cons)*tation 1. O1ser5ati+n O3servation can 4rovide direct evidence a3o)t t.e c*ient=s 4rogress/ O3servation .a44ens 0.i*e +o) are assisting t.e c*ient 0it. t.eir 4ersona* care/ It invo*ves 4a+ing attention to 0.et.er t.eir needs for assistance and t.eir a3i*ities to 4erfor- tas1s re-ain t.e sa-e or .ave c.anged fro- 0.en t.eir s)44ort 4*an 0as deve*o4ed/ O3servation is often -ost effective 0.en done infor-a**+ and as 4art of +o)r dai*+ 0or1/ 7o)r o3servations s.o)*d 3e noted and re4orted to t.e a44ro4riate 4erson so c.anges can ref*ect c*ient=s needs /
E4a)-le2
!a+=s care 4*an states s.e re5)ires f)** assistance 0.en attending to 4ersona* .+giene/ 7o) o3serve t.at !a+ .as 3een a3*e to 0as. .er face and c.est/ !a+ is )na3*e to attend to an+ of .er ot.er 3at.ing re5)ire-ents and +o) t.erefore re5)ire assistance/ Toda+ 0.i*e )ndressing; dressing !a+ +o) o3serve t.at s.e .as 3een a3*e to -ove .er ar-s o)t frot.e 3od+ to ena3*e easier access to 4)tting .er c*ot.es on and off/ T.is is noted in !a+=s 4rogress notes and t.e s)4ervisor is infor-ed/ !a+=s care 4*an is ad8)sted to instr)ct carers to enco)rage !a+ to assist 0it. )ndressing; dressing and s.o0ering/
. T.e res0lts +* assess)ents

T.ere are a variet+ of too*s t.at are )sed to assess 4.+sica*2 -enta* and cognitive 0e**3eing2 as 0e** as a 4erson=s a3i*it+ to carr+ o)t activities of dai*+ *iving/ So-e of t.ese too*s -a+ inc*)de: 4ersona* infor-ation 5)estionnaires .ea*t. conditions assess-ent for-s f)nctiona* a3i*it+ assess-ent for-s 4s+c.osocia* needs for-s -enta* .ea*t. and 0e**3eing for-s -enta* stat)s e6a-inations Doctors2 n)rses2 4s+c.o*ogists and +o)r s)4ervisor s.o)*d inter4ret t.e res)*ts of t.ese assess-ents to identif+ t.e c*ient=s 4rogress/ #. Dis,0ssi+n an3 ,+ns0ltati+n Disc)ssions and cons)*tations 0i** inc*)de a variet+ of 4eo4*e 9 c*ient2 doctor2 fa-i*+ -e-3ers2 a**ied .ea*t.2 and staff/ C*ient=s care conferences are done on reg)*ar 3asis to ens)re t.at care 4*ans ref*ect t.e needs of t.e c*ients/
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CO"BIR!I"D PERSO"A# S PPORT "EEDS

T.e care +o) give to +o)r c*ients 0i** differ/ T.is is 3eca)se t.e needs of individ)a* c*ients and t+4es of services +o) 0i** 0or1 for are different/ It is vita* t.at t.e aged 4erson is invo*ved in 4*anning and directing t.eir o0n care 0.ere 4ossi3*e/ Aged care faci*ities ai- to 4rovide individ)a* care/ T.is -eans t.at care is designed to s)it t.e needs of t.e individ)a* rat.er t.an gro)4s/ Services are a3*e to ada4t and c.ange 0.ere needed/ Care can 3e 4rovided at a ti-e and 4*ace t.at s)its c*ients/ Aged care 0or1ers need to 3e f*e6i3*e/ T.e+ -)st 4rovide care to -eet t.e o*der 4erson=s needs and 0or1 in t.e 0a+ t.e c*ient *i1es/ Care -)st a*0a+s 3e 4rovided according to t.e 4o*icies and 4roced)res of t.e faci*it+/ !eeting t.e needs of t.e 0.o*e 4erson is 1no0n as a .o*istic a44roac./ T.e fo**o0ing ta3*e s)--arises needs and .o0 t.e+ -ig.t 3e -et to -aintain 0e**3eing of a c*ient/
Maintaining 9ell1eing
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Nee3s N0triti+n 8 3iet
H+9 )ig.t nee3s 1e )et 1/ t.e Client

P+ssi1le Ser5i,es8 Assistan,e *r+) Carer

nderstand .ea*t.+ eating .a3its Tr+ to eat a .ea*t.+ diet Visit dentist Ora* .+giene Access to a -en) O3tain f*)ids for se*f Cee4 g*ass of 0ater 3+ c.air; 3ed nderstand t.e need to .+dration
Ens)re feeding of s)ita3*e -ea*s Dive assistance 0it. feeding if re5)ired Provide a44ro4riate aids and 4rod)cts if re5)ired Assistance 0it. ora* care
H/3rati+n
Offer 100-*s of vario)s f*)ids 4er 0a1ing .o)r Enco)rage ta1ing of f*)ids Ed)cate in i-4ortance of f*)id inta1e !eas)re f*)id inta1e Toi*et sc.ed)*es and assistance Ade5)ate f*)ids !onitoring N Ed)cation Provision of aids

C+ntinen,e Manage)ent
Se*fFtoi*eting E6ercise N diet B*)id inta1e Se*fFad-inister *a6ative ta3*ets se 4ersona* co-fort aids Se*fFad-inister ana*gesics Re5)est 4ain contro* -edication !onitor )se of -edication As1 for assistance for co-fort2 0ar-t. and 5)iet Re5)est sedatives Ta1e s.ort rests in da+ Esta3*is. a s*ee4 ro)tine $as. gent*+ se -oist)rising crea-
Me3i,ati+n an3 Pain Manage)ent Rest an3 Slee-
Re4osition fre5)ent*+ Dive -assage Ed)cate as to ca)se of 4ain and -et.ods of re*ief

Ens)re co-fort Ens)re 5)iet environ-ent $ar- -i*1 drin1s 3efore 3ed Re*ieve an6iet+; 4ain

Maintenan,e O* S?in Integrit/
Prevention; -anage-ent of 3ed sores !ove; t)rn fre5)ent*+ in 3ed Cee4 s1in dr+ Assist 0it. .+giene A44ro4riate 3at.ing; s.o0ering

Se4
!aintain se6)a* activit+ if desired and 4ossi3*e !aintain affectionate re*ations.i4s S)ita3*e reg)*ar e6ercise Cee4 -oving; active as 4.+sica* condition 4er-its Inde4endent*+ ac.ieved as far as 4.+sica* and -enta* condition a**o0s $ear s)ita3*e c*ot.ing Reg)*ate te-4erat)re of rooEns)re 0ar-t. in 3ed Arrange 4ersona* ite-s according to 4reference Ho33ies2 *eis)re activities Persona* contacts Ta*1ing; re-iniscing
Refer to co)nse**or for se6)a* 4ro3*e-s Provide 4rivac+ and res4ect
M+1ilit/ an3 E4er,ise Pers+nal Care an3 H/giene Te)-erat0re Reg0lati+n En5ir+n)ental Nee3s Mental Sti)0lati+n
Assist in organisation of e6ercise 4rogra- N Aid in activities Organisation of trans4ort
Dive c.oice N Assist 4.+sica**+ in a** as4ects re5)ired s)c. as groo-ing2 .air -a1eF)42 nai*s
Create s)ita3*e environ-ent Assist 0it. se*ection of c*ot.ing Provide s)ita3*e 3edding

Provide .o-e*i1e environ-ent Assist 0it. arrange-ent and -aintenance of .o-e*i1e environ-ent
Provide infor-ation on activities Enco)rage 4artici4ation Assist 0it. accessing
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Sa*et/
Care is ta1en in -oving a3o)t t.e .o-e and o)tside Be a0are of safet+ r)*es and fo**o0 t.ese aids as a44ro4riate En8o+ 4ersona* visits fro- fa-i*+ and friends Be 0e*co-ing Ta*1 0it. ot.ers (oin t.era4e)tic gro)4s As1 for assistance if re5)ired se an advocate As1 for aids; e5)i4-ent or infor-ation if re5)ired Inde4endent*+ 0.ere 4.+sica**+ and -enta**+ 4ossi3*e Attend services in .o-e and;or co--)nit+ Cee4 *in1s 0it. re*igio)s gro)4s Ce*e3rate re*igio)s festiva*s O3serve o0n c)sto-s and ce*e3rations As1 for assistance if re5)ired
Bo**o0 0or14*ace .ea*t. and safet+ reg)*ations and organisationa* 4roced)res Ed)cate and -onitor
E)+ti+nal Nee3s
Ta*1 to c*ients #isten to c*ients Provide infor-ation to assist c*ients to -eet e-otiona* needs

Assistan,e 6it. Finan,es A,,ess t+ ai3s8 e>0i-)ent 8 ser5i,es8 res+0r,es Pers+nal )anage)ent8 in3e-en3en,e Religi+0s8 S-irit0al
Advocate for c*ients on re5)est See1 .e*4 for c*ients on re5)est
Provide infor-ation and access to aids to -eet assessed needs Refer to occ)4ationa* t.era4ist
Assist 0it. s.o44ing2 socia* needs2 .o-e -anage-ent )ses of aids etc Assist to access re*igio)s; s4irit)a* activities Arrange -eetings 0it. s4irit)a* advisors as re5)ested
C0st+)s
Be to*erant to different traditions He*4 c*ient -aintain c)sto-s and traditions Re-e-3er s4ecia* events

dapted from: "he ustralian Carer #y $elen Croft
As +o) can see fro- t.e a3ove *ist dai*+ *iving activities for- on*+ a 4art of t.e c*ients s)44ort needs/ Ho*istic care recognises t.e c*ient=s .+giene 4references and -a6i-i<es t.eir inde4endence/ Ro)tine care is given d)ring t.e da+ and evening2 +o) a*so need to 4rovide assistance 0it. 4ersona* .+giene 0.enever needed/ T.e Care P*an is +o)r essentia* g)ide in t.e 4rovision of 4ersona* care services/ T.e c*ient s.o)*d .ave as -)c. contro* as 4ossi3*e over .o0 and 0.en t.e activities of dai*+ *iving are carried o)t/ T.e c*ient s.o)*d 3e enco)raged to do as -)c. for t.e-se*ves as 4ossi3*e/ Confir-ing t.e c*ient 4ersona* s)44ort needs can 3e ac.ieved 3+: Bo**o0ing t.eir care 4*an See1ing consent fro- t.e c*ient 4rior to co--encing an+ care O3servations of t.e c*ient=s co--ents and re5)ests d)ring care; activities
CO"SIDERI"D THE EBBECT PERSO"A# CARE S PPORT HAS O" A C#IE"T

T.e o*der 4erson .as -aintained t.eir o0n care needs t.ro)g.o)t *ife/ T.e e*der*+ 4erson -a+ .ave 4.+sica* diffic)*t+ -eeting 4ersona* care2 or t.e+ -a+ not rea*ise t.at t.e+ are not -aintaining t.eir 4ersona* .+giene or a44earance/ Poor e+e sig.t2 tre-3*ing .ands2 *ac1 of -o3i*it+2 art.ritic fingers and ot.er 4ro3*e-s -a+ -a1e it diffic)*t/ E-4at.+ and tact is needed to .e*4 -aintain dignit+ 0.en +o) 4oint o)t an+ deficiencies/
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E4a)-le2 !rs/ Bro0n .as 3een se*f caring re5)iring no s)4ervision to ens)re t.at .er dai*+ *iving activities .ad 3een attended to/ Over t.e *ast t.ree da+s s.e .as 3een o3served to a44ear after a s.o0er 0it. t.e sa-e c*ot.es on2 3)ttons done )4 o)t of a*ign-ent and soc1s not 3eing 0orn 0it. s.oes/ At -ea* ti-es s.e is eating *ess T.ese t.ings are )n)s)a* for !rs/ Bro0n/ $.en 5)estioned s.e 3e*ieves t.at s.e .as c.osen different c*ot.es to 0ear eac. da+/ $it. regards to .er -ea*s2 s.e .ad t.o)g.t s.e .ad eaten ever+t.ing/ Re4orting t.is to t.e s)4ervisor and fo**o0ing an o3servation; investigation it is revea*ed t.at !rs/ Bro0n=s e+e sig.t .as deteriorated ra4id*+/ Her care 4*an no0 ref*ects s)4ervision for a** 4ersona* care activities/ Ho0 0o)*d +o) assist !rs/ Bro0n to )nderstand t.at +o) need to 3e 0it. .er 0.i*e s.e is attending to .er 4ersona* care s)c. as s.o0ering2 dressing and eating etcM PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP Assisting t.e aged 4erson 0it. 4ersona* care re5)ires t.e carer to de-onstrate a great dea* of sensitivit+ to t.e dignit+ and 4rivac+ of t.e 4erson/ Carers s.o)*d ai- to 4ro-ote t.e inde4endence of t.e 4erson and -aintain dignit+/ To do t.is effective*+2 t.e 4erson needs to 3e given contro* over an+ assistance t.at is offered/ In assisting 4eo4*e 0it. 4ersona* care2 +o) are in a )ni5)e 4osition to assess an+ c.anges in t.e 4erson=s ca4a3i*ities/ 7o) -a+ need to re4ort a 4ersonOs ca4a3i*ities/ 7o) -a+ need to re4ort a 4erson=s ina3i*it+ to carr+ o)t a** or 4art of t.eir .+giene or toi*eting ro)tines/ 7o)r o3servationa* s1i**s 0i** 3e ver+ i-4ortant .ere/ Bor e6a-4*e2 +o) -a+ o3serve s1in 4ro3*e-s 0.en +o) are assisting t.e 4erson in t.e s.o0er/ Peo4*e fro- different c)*t)ra* 3ac1gro)nds 0i** .ave different attit)des to0ards t.eir ageing e64eriences/ T.e+ 0i** .o*d and e64ress Lc)res=2 Ltreat-ents= and Lo*d 0ives= ta*es=/ As a carer2 +o) cannot 3e dis-issive2 8)dg-enta* or critica* or t.ese2 even 0.en +o) .ave tota**+ different 3e*iefs/ T.is can 3e ver+ c.a**enging for +o)/ $.en +o) 0or1 ver+ c*ose to 4eo4*e2 +o) .and*e and to)c. t.eir 3odies/ 7o) are in an e6tre-e*+ 4rivi*eged 4osition/ A 4erson 0i** tr)st +o)/ T.e+ 0i** 3e v)*nera3*e and sensitive to a** +o)r reactions to t.eir 4.+sica* a44earance2 t.eir 3od+ s.a4e2 t.eir s-e** and fee*/
"DERSTA"DI"D THE C #T RA# "EEDS OB THE C#IE"T

!an+ 4eo4*e 0.o *ive in A)stra*ia 0ere 3orn in ot.er co)ntries and 0.o *ive according to t.e 3e*iefs and traditions of t.e c)*t)re in 0.ic. t.e+ 0ere 3orn and raised/ As a carer2 an i-4ortant 4art of t.e ro*e is s)44ort in a 0a+ t.at is a44ro4riate and res4ectf)* of t.e c*ient=s c)*t)re/ It is essentia* t.at +o) o3serve and notice +o)r c*ient=s c)*t)ra* needs/ 7o) 0i** need to t.in1 a3o)t t.e c)*t)ra* 3ac1gro)nd of eac. c*ient +o) 0or1 0it./ Differences in c)*t)re can -ean different e64ectations on +o) as a 0or1er/ Conditions s)c. as de-entia or so-e for-s of ac5)ired 3rain in8)r+ can -ean t.at a c*ient 0.o .as s4o1en anot.er *ang)age 3efore t.e+ *earnt Eng*is. can revert 3ac1 to t.eir first *ang)age/ C)*t)re differs and inc*)des geogra4.ica* and regiona* differences as 0e** as re*igio)s categories/ T.is is 3eca)se so-e c)*t)ra* va*)es2 3e*iefs2 or 4atterns are not s4ecific to a 4artic)*ar area 3)t rat.er co-e fro- a re*igio)s affi*iation/ So-eti-es t.ere are as4ects of a c)*t)re t.at are .e*d 3+ gro)4s of 4eo4*e t.at *ive in -an+ different 4*aces 3eca)se t.e+ s.are t.e sa-e re*igion/ On t.e ot.er .and2 t.ere -a+ 3e -an+ gro)4s of 4eo4*e in one 4artic)*ar 4*ace 0.o are c)*t)ra**+ ver+ different/ C)*t)res are not a*0a+s 3ased on a 4artic)*ar co)ntr+ of origin2 nor are t.e+ a*0a+s associated 0it. a 4artic)*ar re*igion/ Ho0ever2 3ot. 4*ace of origin and re*igion can 3e )sef)* indications of 0.at sort of c)*t)ra* va*)es a 4erson -ig.t .ave/ $.at t+4e of c*ot.es 4eo4*e 0ear and 0.at t.e+ eat2 0.en and 0.at t.e+ ce*e3rate can often 3e 3ased on re*igio)s 3e*iefs/ Regard*ess of 0.et.er an individ)a* 4erson act)a**+ 4ractices a re*igion2 t.e do-inant re*igion of t.at 4erson=s c)*t)re 0i** often inf*)ence .is or .er 3e*iefs and 4ractices/
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An infor-a* a44roac. in a 0ide range of circ)-stances is )s)a**+ considered nor-a* in A)stra*ia/ Ho0 infor-a* t.is a44roac. is de4ends on a n)-3er of factors '0.et.er +o) are in a c*assroo- or a 4)32 for e6a-4*e,/ Ho0ever2 it is often noted t.at A)stra*ians donOt *i1e Hstanding on cere-on+I/ T.is can 3e ver+ refres.ing to so-e 4eo4*e fro- -ore reserved c)*t)res2 3)t it can a*so 3e ver+ da)nting or over0.e*-ing if +o) are )sed to fo**o0ing -ore c*ear*+ defined socia* r)*es or c)sto-s/ Here are so-e e6a-4*es: In A)stra*ia 0e 0i** often ca** 4eo4*e 3+ t.eir first na-e as soon as 0e -eet t.e-/ Ho0ever2 to 4eo4*e froot.er c)*t)res t.is socia* 4attern can 3e regarded as not s)fficient*+ res4ectf)*/ In -an+ E)ro4ean and Asian c)*t)res2 for e6a-4*e2 a .ig.er *eve* of for-a*it+ is nor-a* and can 3e considered necessar+/ T.erefore2 it is so-eti-es 3est to ca** 4eo4*e 3+ t.eir tit*e and s)rna-e if +o) are )ns)re/ $.en 0ritten2 C.inese s)rna-es co--on*+ a44ear at t.e front of a 4ersonOs na-e: e/g/ QS-it.2 Bi**Q2 not QBi** S-it.Q/ In T.ai*and it is co--on to ca** so-eone 3+ .is or .er first na-e 3)t 0it. .is or .er tit*e2 i/e/ Doctor 'or !r, Bi**/ In -an+ c)*t)res 'inc*)ding o)r o0n, significant 3odi*+ contact2 *i1e 3ac1s*a44ing2 or .air r)ff*ing can 3e offensive ')n*ess +o) 1no0 so-eone 5)ite 0e**,/ Be es4ecia**+ caref)* of to)c.ing a 4ersonOs .ead as t.is is an infringe-ent of t.eir dignit+ in -an+ societies/ Bor e6a-4*e2 in T.ai*and and #aos2 a 4ersonOs .ead is regarded as sacred and s.o)*dnOt 3e to)c.ed/ T.is inc*)des even t.e .ead of a c.i*d/ In traditiona* !)s*i- c)*t)res 0o-en do not -i6 socia**+ 0it. -en 0.o are not re*atives/ T.erefore2 it can 3e a 3reac. of eti5)ette for a -an to as1 after anot.er -anOs 0ife or fe-a*e re*atives/ In So)t.east Asia and C.ina s.o)ting at an+one2 3eing a3r)4t2 or s.o0ing anger can 3e regarded as es4ecia**+ 3ad 3e.avio)r/ Be.avio)r of t.is 1ind ca)ses t.e victi- of t.e a3)se to *ose face/ A*0a+s re-e-3er t.at one 4ersonOs f)** and fran1 disc)ssion is anot.er 4ersonOs .)-i*iation/ T.erefore2 +o) 0i** need to read t.e c*ient=s care 4*an2 find o)t t.e re5)ire-ents and fo**o0 t.e-/ If )ns)re as1/ Avoid ins)*ting ot.ers t.ro)g. ignorance/ Re-e-3er2 t.at +o) can )se t.e c*ient=s net0or1s for s)44ort/
IDE"TIB7I"D THE RISCS ASSOCIATED $ITH PROVIDI"D PERSO"A# CARE

Ne5er @0st -reten3 a ris? 8 -r+1le) 3+es n+t e4ist nderstanding 0.at constit)tes a ris1 sit)ation re5)ires an a0areness of 4otentia* ris1s/ It a*so re5)ires constant o3servation of an+ c.anges in t.e sit)ation as +o) carr+ o)t +o)r dai*+ care of t.e aged 4erson/ T.ere are t.ree -ain t+4es of ris1s +o) s.o)*d 0atc. o)t for: Risks that are part of the older person 9 t.ese inc*)de c.anges to .ea*t.2 cognitive f)nctioning2 or se*fFneg*ect/ Risks that are part of the environment % t.ese inc*)de safet+ 4ro3*e-s aro)nd a .o)se or *iving environ-ent2 or safet+ 4ro3*e-s in environ-ents t.e o*der 4erson visits2 s)c. as s.o4s/ T.e+ a*so inc*)de sec)rit+ iss)es aro)nd t.e .o)se/ Risks that are caused #y others & t.ese inc*)de socia* rig.ts infringe-ents2 and direct actions s)c. as t.eft or de*i3erate*+ ca)sing in8)r+/
Ti-s *+r s-+tting ris?s

Pa+ attention to t.e o*der 4erson/ Be a0are of t.e environ-ent to ens)re safet+ !onitor t.e c*ients 3e.avio)r for an+ c.anges !onitor t.e 4.+sica* c.aracteristics of t.e c*ient
Bor +o) to do t.is ade5)ate*+ +o) s.o)*d find o)t 0.at is in t.e care 4*an for t.e individ)a*2 esta3*is. 0.at s.o)*d 3e t.e nor-2 and t.en re4ort o3served activities or events t.at are a3nor-a*/ Cno0*edge of t.e ageing 4rocess and its attendant 4ro3*e-s 0i** 3e cr)cia* to +o)r *eve* of )nderstanding and +o)r a3i*it+ to identif+ 4otentia* ris1s/ AgeFre*ated c.anges -a+ inc*)de c.anges to 3od+2 .ea*t.2 socia* 0e**F3eing2 and environ-ent/
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A-ong ot.er t.ings t.e aged 4erson -a+ e64erience: Continence diffic)*ties

!o3i*it+ 4ro3*e-s !edica* conditions2 s)c. as dia3etes #oss of concentration Conf)sion Hearing i-4air-ent Vis)a* i-4air-ent S.ort ter- -e-or+ *oss Drief as a res)*t of *oss of a 4artner2 fa-i*+ 4et2 -e-3er of t.e e6tended fa-i*+ or inde4endence C.ange in t.eir fa-i*iar environ-ent2 s)c. as -oving fro- t.e fa-i*+ .o-e to a .oste*
E4a)-le2

'ou arrive at !rs( )uvall*s house and find her sitting in the kitchen surrounded #y a +eek*s supply of meals provided #y ,!eals on -heels.( "he care plan indicates that !rs( )uvall has confusion and has a poor appetite( She also has dia#etes and is at risk of falling into a dia#etic coma if she does not eat regularly(
T.e sit)ation needs to 3e re4orted i--ediate*+ to a44ro4riate 4ersonne* and assistance so)g.t/ In t.is sit)ation it=s i-4ortant to recognise !rs/ D)va**=s circ)-stances2 .er dia3etes2 and t.e i-4*ications if s.e does not eat reg)*ar*+/ Identification of 4otentia* ris1s to t.e aged 4erson 0i** 3e en.anced 3+ +o)r a3i*it+ to res4ond to it/
6.at are e**e,ti5e 9a/s t+ res-+n3 t+ a sit0ati+n +* ris? +r -+tential ris?7

$.en enco)ntering a 4otentia* ris1 sit)ation2 one 0.ere +o) 3e*ieve t.e safet+2 .ea*t. or 0e**3eing of an aged 4erson is in 8eo4ard+2 +o) need to 3e a0are and do 0.atever is reasona3*e to ens)re t.at t.e aged 4erson does not s)ffer foreseea3*e in8)r+ or .ar-/ T.e 3est g)ide in deciding 0.et.er an+ in8)r+ is serio)s eno)g. to re5)ire necessar+ 4reca)tions or action 3eing ta1en is to consider t.e 4reca)tion t.at t.ose in t.e genera* co--)nit+ -ig.t )se )nder si-i*ar circ)-stances/ It is genera**+ advisa3*e for +o) to see1 so-e advice fro- a s)4ervisor a3o)t an+ concerns +o) -a+ .ave a3o)t an aged 4erson=s 0e*fare2 no -atter .o0 s-a**/ Assessing ris1 -)st 3e done as far as 4ossi3*e fro- t.e 4oint of vie0 of t.e aged 4erson2 rat.er t.an t.at of t.e 0or1er/ T.is is referred to as o#/ective o#servation/
O1@e,ti5e +1ser5ati+n
It is not eas+ to 3e o38ective/ It re5)ires +o) to 4)t aside +o)r 4ersona* va*)es2 attit)des and 3e*iefs and to avoid 4*acing 4ersona* inter4retations on t.e sit)ation or individ)a* +o) are o3serving/
A *e9 r0les t+ *+ll+9 )a/ in,l03e2

A*0a+s do)3*e c.ec1 t.e o3servation to ens)re t.at 0.at is o3served 0arrants intervention/ A*0a+s c.ec1 t.e o3servation to -a1e s)re t.at t.e sit)ation 4resents a 4otentia* ris1/ Ta*1 0it. t.e aged 4erson res4ectf)**+ a3o)t +o)r o3servation so +o) can get -ore infor-ation/ $.ere t.e aged 4erson cannot co--)nicate 0it. +o)2 as1 a re*ative or coF0or1er a3o)t t.e individ)a*=s nor-a* 3e.avio)r/
E**e,ti5e te,.ni>0es In sit)ations of identified ris1 +o) s.o)*d: Bo**o0 0or14*ace 4roced)res See1 advice F+ll+9ing 9+r?-la,e -r+,e30res2
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Proced)res 0i** differ fro- one 0or14*ace to anot.er/ 7o) need to see1 o)t and 3e fa-i*iar 0it. +o)r o0n 0or14*ace 4roced)res for res4onding to .ea*t. and safet+ ris1s/ T.ese 4roced)res 0i** o)t*ine t.e i--ediate and a44ro4riate action to ta1e in sit)ations of identified ris1/ 7o) need to )nderstand .o0 and 0.+ it is necessar+ to 4erfor- certain tas1s in a 4artic)*ar 0a+/ nderstanding 4roced)res2 rat.er t.an 8)st fo**o0ing orders2 0i** ena3*e +o) to res4ond a44ro4riate*+ in a sit)ation of ris1/
SI"D EG IP!E"T2 PROCESSES A"D AIDS

T.ere are -an+ reasons 0.+ c*ients -a+ need assistance/ Per.a4s t.e c*ient -a+ need assistance to stand )4 fro- a c.air or get t.e- o)t of a 3ed or 4er.a4s even to *o0er t.e- onto a toi*et/ T.e+ -a+ re5)ire assistance to ac.ieve t.ese tas1s/ As a carer2 +o) 0i** need to 4a+ c*ose attention to +o)r o0n and +o)r c*ient=s safet+/ Bac1 in8)ries are co--on 0or14*ace in8)r+ in t.is 4rofession2 so tr+ not to .ar- eit.er +o)rse*f or t.e 4erson +o) are .e*4ing/ !ost 0or14*aces .ave a Lno *ift= 4o*ic+/ $.at does t.is -eanM $or1ers -)st not *ift c*ients 0.en t.e+ are assisting t.e-/ $or1ers -)st )se t.e correct tec.ni5)es and e5)i4-ent to assist c*ients to -ove fro- one 4*ace to anot.er 0it.o)t 3eing *ifted 3+ a 0or1er/ Part of +o)r orientation s.o)*d 3e direct*+ re*ated to t.e 0or14*aces 4rocesses and 4roced)res in regard to *ifting and )sing a44ro4riate e5)i4-ent 3ot. safe*+ and in t.e 4ro4er -anner/ M+5ing an3 li*ting 7o)r ro*e as a carer 0i** invo*ve assisting 4eo4*e to -ove aro)nd t.e faci*it+ or .o-e environ-ent/ Be*o0 are so-e e6a-4*es of 0.en +o) -a+ 3e re5)ired to assist so-eone: To -ove fro- 3edroo- to 3at.rooO)t of 3ed O)t of a c.air Into a c.air In or o)t of a 0.ee*c.air In or o)t of t.e s.o0er Into a s0i--ing 4oo* $.o .as fa**en
It is essentia* t.at 0.en +o) assist a c*ient t.at t.is is done in a safe -anner for 3ot. t.e c*ient and +o)rse*f/ If +o) )nderta1e )nsafe 4ractices t.en t.e c*ient -a+ fa** and in8)re .i- or .erse*f or +o) co)*d 3e in8)red/ So-e i-4ortant e*e-ents to re-e-3er 0.en -oving c*ients aro)nd inc*)de: Enco)rage t.e c*ient to )se an+ rai*s2 3ars or ar-s of c.air to s)44ort t.e-se*ves as t.e+ -ove into a sitting or standing 4osition as t.is is -)c. safer t.an t.e c*ient 4)**ing or *eaning on +o) Enco)rage c*ients to fee* sta3*e at eac. stage of t.e -ove-ent 4rocess
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Enco)rage c*ients to ta1e t.eir ti-e C.ec1 e5)i4-ent is correct and )sed in t.e correct -anner to a**o0 t.e c*ient to -ove aro)nd t.e faci*it+ or .o-e Do not tr+ to catc. t.e c*ient if t.e+ are fa**ing 'catc.ing a -oving2 .eav+ 0eig.t is g)aranteed to ca)se a 3ac1 in8)r+, As1 for assistance if +o) cannot -ove a c*ient 3+ +o)rse*f
T.ere are so-e tec.ni5)es t.at +o) can )se to assist +o)r c*ient to -ove )4 and do0n on t.eir o0n/ To assist +o)r c*ient to get o)t of a c.air2 t.e c*ient s.o)*d: Be sitting for0ard in t.e c.air Have t.eir feet a4art and 4*aced 8)st )nderneat. t.e c.air Have t.eir .ands on t.e ar-s of t.e c.air or2 if t.e c.air .as no ar-s2 on t.eir 1nees Bend for0ard at t.e .i4s and *oo1 )4 3efore standing Have t.eir Lnose over t.eir toes=
E4a)-le !r Dregg is sitting in a *o)nge c.air/ His carer co-es to get .i- for a s.o0er/ He 4)ts .is ar-s o)t to as1 if t.e carer can 4)** .i- o)t of t.e c.air/ His carer e64*ains t.at t.e+ cannot )nderta1e t.is as it -a+ ca)se in8)r+ to eit.er one or 3ot. of t.e-/ He instr)cts !r Dregg to sit for0ard in t.e c.air and to 4*ace .is .ands fir-*+ on t.e ar-s of t.e c.air/ He te**s .i- to -a1e s)re .is feet are t)c1ed 8)st )nderneat. t.e c.air/ T.e carer t.en te**s .i- to *ean for0ard2 *oo1 )4 and to 4)s. 0it. .is ar-s and *egs to 4)s. o)t of t.e c.air/ Constant enco)rage-ent and reass)rance t.at t.ere is no need to .)rr+ s.o)*d 3e offered/ Practice this +ith a fello+ student or a peer( Using ai3s an3 e>0i-)ent 7o)r c*ients -a+ need to )se e5)i4-ent to assist t.e- to re-ain inde4endent/ T.ere are a *arge variet+ of different t+4es of e5)i4-ent t.at -a+ 3e re5)ired/ T.is is assessed 3+ a P.+siot.era4ist or an Occ)4ationa* T.era4ist to ens)re t.at t.e correct e5)i4-ent is )sed for t.e tas1 and t.at t.e c*ient is a3*e to )se t.is e5)i4-ent/ It is i-4ortant t.at t.e c*ient )ses t.e rig.t e5)i4-ent as so-e aids need to 3e -ade or fitted to s)it t.e c*ient=s needs/ !odifications to an+ aids or e5)i4-ent 0i** 3e )nderta1en 3+ a P.+siot.era4ist or an Occ)4ationa* T.era4ist/ T.e t.era4ist 0i** a*so need to s.o0 t.e c*ient .o0 to )se t.e e5)i4-ent correct*+/ It is i-4ortant t.at +o) 1no0 .o0 to )se t.e e5)i4-ent correct*+ so t.at +o) can assist t.e c*ient/ If )ns)re of .o0 to )se e5)i4-ent2 A#$A7S ens)re t.at +o) as1 +o)r s)4ervisor and DO "OT )se e5)i4-ent )n*ess +o) are trained/ T.ere are -an+ different t+4es of e5)i4-ent t.at assist 4eo4*e 0it. disa3i*ities and o*der 4eo4*e in t.eir ever+da+ *ives/ $it.o)t )sing t.is e5)i4-ent2 t.e c*ient 0i** .ave a str)gg*e or it 0i** 3e i-4ossi3*e to )nderta1e tas1s and t.is in t)rn can red)ce t.eir inde4endence/ 7o) 0i** need to 3e fa-i*iar 0it. t.e t+4es of e5)i4-ent )sed 4rior to 4roviding s)44ort to a c*ient/ 7o) 0i** need to c.ec1 t.e e5)i4-ent to -a1e s)re it is f)nctioning correct*+ and t.e -an)a* s.o)*d 3e cons)*ted on .o0 to c*ean and -aintain t.e e5)i4-ent to ens)re avai*a3i*it+ and safet+/ E5)i4-ent -a+ inc*)de so-e of t.e fo**o0ing: $.ee*c.airs and ot.er trans4ort devices !o3i*it+ aids #ifting and transfer aids Beds Breat.ing devices Sca*es Continence and toi*eting aids
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Persona* a)diovis)a* aids !odified feeding aids
SEECI"D APPROPRIATE S PPORT

See?ing a35i,e See1 advice s.o)*d 3e t.e -otto for a** 0or1ers/ 7o) s.o)*d cons)*t anot.er 4erson 0.en an iss)e 4resents a 4ro3*e- or 0.en +o) are )ncertain/ See1ing advice a*so assists +o)r 4rofessiona* deve*o4-ent as +o) gain va*)a3*e infor-ation for +o)rse*f/ 7o) s.o)*d see1 o)t 0or14*ace *ists of .ea*t. 4rofessiona*s and ot.er re*evant 4ersonne* 0.o can assist t.e 4erson in care/ T.ese *ists s.o)*d identif+: T.e 4erson;s to 3e contacted in an e-ergenc+ sit)ation T.e nat)re of t.eir 4osition T.eir 4revio)s association 0it. t.e aged 4erson S)c. 4ersonne* co)*d inc*)de: Doctors ")rsing staff Co--)nit+ n)rses Co--)nit+ .ea*t. staff P.+siot.era4ists Occ)4ationa* t.era4ists C*erg+ #oca* C.e-ists Senior aged care faci*it+ staff E-ergenc+ service staff e/g/ a-3)*ance $or14*ace .ea*t. and safet+ officers or re4resentatives
E"CO RADE C#IE"T PARTICIPATIO" /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

CO"BIR!I"D PROCED RES $ITH THE C#IE"T
Sel* Intr+30,ti+n Ho% do you introduce yourself$ T.e 4)r4ose of t.e introd)ction is to 3egin to esta3*is. a re*ations.i4 0it. t.e ot.er 4erson/ If t.is is to 3e a for-a* re*ations.i42 t.en t.e introd)ction 0i** need to 3e for-a*/ E&am'le ( ,0ood morning !rs( Smith, my name is nn 1ones and I +ill #e your support +orker* T.is introd)ction a*so gives t.e ot.er 4erson +o)r 4osition or stat)s 0it.in t.e organisation/ E&am'le ) ,$i 1ohn( I*m Sally, +e*ll #e +orking together* T.is introd)ction creates a different tone or e64ectation in t.e re*ations.i42 one of *ess for-a*it+/
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ACTIVITIES BOR DAI#7 #IVI"D

T.e tas1s 4eo4*e do ever+ da+ are i-4ortant to -aintain and to assist or s)44ort as re5)ired/ T.e ta3*e 3e*o0 .as a fe0 e6a-4*es t.at co)*d 3eco-e -ore diffic)*t for aged 4eo4*e or 4eo4*e 0it. disa3i*ities #aily li,ing acti,ity <eeping t-e -ome in good condition <eeping t-e ga&den in good condition T&anspo&t E;ample Cleaning t-e windows C-anging a lig-t .*l. Weeding4 p&*ning Wate&ing #&i,ing Catc-ing .*s o& t&ain !isiting '&iends Clea&ing t-e ta.le Was-ing t-e dis-es Sweeping 5*tting o*t &*..is- / .ins 9anging o*t was-ing :olding t-e was-ing E''ects A p-ysical disa.ility co*ld p&e,ent a pe&son '&om maintaining t-ei& -ome4 meaning it .ecomes *nsa'e and *ncom'o&ta.le A&t-&itis o& =oint p&o.lems may mean it is di''ic*lt to .end o& kneel down. Ga&den may .ecome o,e&g&own and ca*se p&o.lems A pe&son wit- an intellect*al disa.ility may ne,e& .e a.le to o.tain a d&i,e&7s licence and m*st &ely on ot-e&s t-ei& enti&e li'e >ack o' .eing a.le to get a&o*nd may socially isolate. 5&o.lems wit- =oints and m*scles o& ,ision can make domestic cleaning ,e&y di''ic*lt. An *nclean -o*se can .e *n-ealt-y and sa'e. $na.le to li't a&ms *p to -ang clot-es on line. Not was-ing towels and s-eets can ca*se -ygiene iss*es.
Going o*t/ Socialising Cleaning t-e -o*se
>a*nd&y
Co--on conditions of .aving a disa3i*it+ or ageing can create c.a**enges for 8)st getting t.ro)g. t.e da+ and co-4*eting tas1s/ T.e t+4es of activities of dai*+ *iving 4erfor- -a+ c.ange/ 7o)r c*ient=s needs -a+ 3e: P.+sica* E-otiona* C)*t)ra* S4irit)a* Se6)a* Safet+ and sec)rit+ re*ated ")tritiona* 7o) 0i** need to )nderstand +o)r c*ient/ Part of +o)r ro*e is to -onitor and confir- t.e *eve* of s)44ort re5)ired 3+ +o)r c*ient to ens)re t.eir needs are -et/ 7o) 0i** need to doc)-ent an+ c.anges to +o)r c*ient=s s)44ort according to +o)r e-4*o+ing organisation=s 4o*icies and 4roced)res/
E"CO RADE C#IE"TS TO PARTICIPATE I" THEIR PERSO"A# CARE "EEDS

Care 0or1ers need to .ave a 3asic )nderstanding of t.e 3od+ s+ste-s so +o) can .e*4 t.e o*der 4erson 0it. t.eir 4ersona* care needs/ Be*o0 is a 3rief descri4tion of eac. s+ste-/ 7o) a*so need to )nderstand so-e of t.e effects t.at t.ese 4.+sica* c.anges can .ave on t.e o*der 4erson=s ca4a3i*ities2 co--)nication2 e-otiona*2 socia* and econo-ic sit)ations/ T.e .)-an 3od+ .as a n)-3er of different s+ste-s 0.ic. .ave se4arate f)nctions/ A** t.ese s+ste-s o4erate in a coo4erative 0a+ to .e*4 )s a** 1ee4 .ea*t.+/ As 0e age2 t.ese s+ste-s can deteriorate/ So-eti-es t.is deterioration is s*o0 and grad)a*/ So-eti-es it doesn=t interfere too -)c. 0it. o)r a3i*it+ to *ive co-forta3*+ and inde4endent*+ in o*d age/ Bor vario)s reasons2 so-e individ)a*=s s+ste-s 3rea1 do0n ra4id*+ or s)dden*+/ O)r genera* .ea*t. in o*d age de4ends on t.e *eve* of .ea*t. care2 *iving conditions and c)*t)ra* e64erience d)ring o)r *ifeti-e/ T.is
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can -a1e 4artic)*ar gro)4s -ore 4rone to .ea*t. 4ro3*e-s in *ater *ife/ Bor e6a-4*e2 certain diets can 4redis4ose gro)4s to 4artic)*ar disease/ Dia3etes is an e6a-4*e of t.is/ 7o) 0i** .ave to 1no0 t.e -ain 3od+ s+ste-s2 t.eir f)nctions2 and t.e effect t.e deterioration can .ave on a 4erson=s 3od+ and *ifest+*e/ In o)r 0or12 o)r 1no0*edge of t.ese s+ste-s .e*4s )s to 4rovide good 5)a*it+ care and s)44ort for o*der 4eo4*e/ C.anges d)e to ageing de4end )4on o)r socia*2 c)*t)ra* and econo-ic circ)-stances/ $.ere and .o0 0e *ive can inf*)ence t.e t+4es of 4.+sica* c.anges/ Bor e6a-4*e2 no access to c*ean 0ater can *ead to c.ronic diseases s)c. as s1in conditions and 4oor *iver f)nction/ T.is can increase t.e ageing 4rocess and *ead to co-4*e6 c.anges/
T.e 3igesti5e s/ste)

T.e digestive s+ste- 3rea1s do0n food into 4artic*es s-a** eno)g. to 3e a3sor3ed in t.e 3*ood/ T.is s+ste- a*so e*i-inates food 0aste fro- o)r 3odies/ T.e s+ste- starts 0it. t.e -o)t. at one end and finis.es 0it. t.e an)s at t.e ot.er/ T.ere are nat)ra* c.anges re*ated to ageing t.at can affect t.e digestive s+ste-/ Eating .a3its -a+ c.ange/ T.is -a+ 3e d)e to diffic)*t+ c.e0ing or s0a**o0ing/ T.ere can 3e a *oss of a44etite ca)sed 3+ a di-inis.ed sense of taste and s-e**/ T.ere -a+ 3e decreased sa*iva secretion or i-4air-ent of t.e s0a**o0ing -ec.anis-/ Pro3*e-s 0it. s0a**o0ing are ca**ed d+s4.agia2 a co--on ter-/ In t.e sto-ac.2 red)ced secretion of en<+-es and digestive acids and *ess 4.+sica* activit+ -a+ affect t.e 3rea1do0n and a3sor4tion of food/ In t.e intestines2 a3sor4tion of certain n)trients is decreased/ #oss of -)sc*e tone -a+ contri3)te to consti4ation/ So e6ercise is i-4ortant to 1ee4 t.e f)nctions of t.e digestive s+ste- going/ Teet. 0ea1en2 *eading to increased ris1 of *oss of teet./ Dood -o)t. and denta* care is essentia* if teet. are to 3e retained in a .ea*t.+ f)nctiona* state/ Sa*iva secretions are red)ced and taste and s-e** dec*ine 4rogressive*+/
T.e M0s,0lar S/ste)

T.e -)sc)*ar s+ste- 4rovides -ove-ent of t.e 3od+/ O)r -)sc*es .e*4 )s 1ee4 )4rig.t2 1ee4 o)r 8oints in 4*ace2 1ee4 o)r ot.er s+ste-s f)nctioning and generate .eat 0.en 0e -ove and e6ercise/ At a3o)t 30 +ears of age2 t.ere is a 4rogressive *oss of -)sc*e -ass/ T.is is *arge*+ re4*aced 3+ fat/ T.is can *ead to decrease in strengt. and o)r 3od+ re*a6es/ $e are not s)re 0.et.er t.e c.anges 0e see are a*0a+s an indication of ageing or a res)*t of 4eo4*e *eading *ess 4.+sica**+ active *ives/ T.ere is a 4rogressive *oss of ca*ci)- fro- t.e 3ones of t.e s1e*eton as 0e age/ Dec*ine in 3one -inera* densit+ occ)rs in 3ot. se6es at a3o)t t.e age of ?0 +ears/ T.ere is significant dec*ine in 3one densit+ at -eno4a)se for 0o-en/ #oss of ca*ci)- in t.e 3one is ca**ed osteo4orosis/ T.is can 3e ver+ 3ad in 4eo4*e 0.o gre0 )4 0it.o)t s)fficient -i*1 and dair+ food/ After $or*d $ar II2 t.ere 0as a great s.ortage of -i*1 and -eat2 so -an+ o*der 4eo4*e fro- E)ro4e can .ave 4oor teet. and osteo4orosis in o*d age/ T.ere is a gro0ing 3od+ of evidence t.at e6ercise -a+ 4revent or de*a+ t.e onset of osteo4orosis/ Bone *oss and osteo4orosis -a+ contri3)te to verte3ra* co**a4se2 0.ic. +o) can see 3+ t.e dec*ine in .eig.t e64erienced 3+ so-e o*der 4eo4*e/
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T.e Integ0)entar/ S/ste)

T.is is t.e e6terna* covering of o)r 3od+/ T.is s1in covering 4rotects )s fro- in8)r+ and acts as a rece4tor/ S1in a**o0s )s to adsor3 Vita-in DE .eat 'for coo*ing, and 4rod)ce oi* to 1ee4 o)r s1in s)44*e/ O)r s1in 4revents .ar-f)* 3acteria fro- entering o)r 3odies/ A*t.o)g. o)r s1in is constant*+ ageing2 0e don=t see t.e c.anges )nti* 0e are in o)r *ate forties/ At t.is ti-e2 t.e s1in ce**s 3egin to *ose co**agen and 3eco-e *ess e*astic/ $e 3egin to notice 0rin1*es/ S-o1ing s4eeds )4 t.is 4ro3*e- and t.e s1in of a >0 +ear o*d s-o1er -ig.t *oo1 *i1e t.at of a -)c. o*der 4erson/ O)r .air and nai*s gro0 -ore s*o0*+ and 3eca)se o)r s1in 3eco-es drier and can 3rea1 do0n -ore easi*+2 0e can 3eco-e 4rone to infection/ S0eat a*so di-inis.es2 so o*der 4eo4*e can 3eco-e s)sce4ti3*e to .eat stro1e/ O*der 4eo4*e deve*o4 4ig-ented 3*otc.ing '*iver s4ots,/ Aged s1in .ea*s 4oor*+ and can 3eco-e s)sce4ti3*e to 4ro3*e-s s)c. as s1in cancer2 itc.ing2 4ress)re sores and s.ing*es/ In t.e tro4ics2 3eca)se of *ong e64os)re to t.e s)n2 t.ere is a .ig.er *eve* of vario)s s1in cancers/ T.is -a+ 3e .arder for t.e o*der 3od+ to fig.t 3eca)se t.e i--)ne s+ste- is not as strong as it )sed to 3e/ T.e Ner5+0s S/ste) T.e nervo)s s+ste- is -ade )4 of t.e 3rain2 t.e s4ina* cord and t.e .)ge net0or1 of nerves 0.ic. radiate o)t to a** t.e 4arts of t.e 3od+/ T.e nervo)s s+ste- contro*s o)r 3od+=s res4onses to ever+t.ing in t.e environ-ent/ T.e rece4tors 'receiving 4oints, ta1e in so)nd2 *ig.t2 s-e**2 taste and to)c. fro- o)tside t.e 3od+ and signa*s fro- inside t.e 3od+/ !essages trave* a*ong t.e nervo)s s+ste- to te** )s a3o)t co*o)r and te-4erat)re2 1ee4 o)r *)ngs 3reat.ing and o)r .eart 4)-4ing/ As 0e age2 0e e64erience *oss of ne)rons/ T.is gives )s a decreased ca4acit+ to send -essages to and fro- t.e 3rain/ T.e s4eed of t.ese -essages can s*o0 do0n/ O)r ref*e6 ti-e decreases and o)r -ove-ents s*o0 do0n/ T.ese c.anges can ca)se c.anges in vision2 .earing2 taste2 s-e** and to)c./ I-4aired .earing is often associated 0it. ageing/ So-eti-es 4eo4*e 3)rn t.e-se*ves 0.en t.e+ *ose t.e sense of to)c./ $.en -essages 3eco-e )nre*ia3*e2 t.e o44ort)nit+ for in8)r+ can increase/ T.ere are significant c.anges in vision t.at occ)r 0it. age/ T.ere is a decreased a3i*it+ to foc)s on near and far o38ects '4res3+o4ia, 0.ic. is not a*0a+s correcta3*e/ Cataracts and g*a)co-a can a*so occ)r 0it. age/ T.e iris of t.e e+e is *ess a3*e to res4ond to c.anges in *ig.ting/ D)e to 0ea1ness2 t.e 4)4i* si<e decreases so t.at *ess *ig.t is a**o0ed to enter t.e e+e/ T.ere -a+ a*so 3e *oss of c*ear vision/ T.e aged -a+ need -ore nonFg*are *ig.ts to .e*4 t.e- -ove a3o)t safe*+/ $it. age2 t.ere -a+ a*so 3e diffic)*t+ in disting)is.ing co*o)rs2 es4ecia**+ 3*)es2 greens and vio*ets/ Reds2 +e**o0s and oranges can 3e disting)is.ed -ore c*ear*+/ !an+ faci*ities and services )se co*o)rFcoded ite-s/ Sensitivit+ to to)c. and 4ain tends to decrease after age ?0/ T.is is 4ro3a3*+ d)e to a decrease in t.e n)-3er2 and sensitivit+ of sensor+ rece4tors in t.e s1in/ Beca)se s1in integrit+ can 3e red)ced2 a 4erson s.o)*d a*0a+s treat in8)ries/ 7o) 0i** need to deve*o4 +o)r o3servation s1i**s to recogni<e in8)ries/ T.e Car3i+5as,0lar S/ste) T.is s+ste- co-4rises t.e .eart2 veins and arteries 0.ic. circ)*ate t.e 3*ood aro)nd t.e 3od+/ T.e 3*ood trans4orts o6+gen and n)trients to t.e tiss)es and ce**s in t.e 3od+2 t.en trans4orts 0aste and car3on dio6ide fro- tiss)e and ce**s/ T.ere is an increasing incidence of arteriosc*erosis 0it. age/ P*a5)es deve*o4 a*ong t.e arter+ 0a**s and t.e arteries t.e-se*ves 3eco-e *ess e*astic/ $it. age2 t.is -a+ res)*t in an increase in 4)*se rate/ Circ)*ation of t.e 3*ood de4ends to so-e e6tent on t.e tone and efficienc+ of t.e -)sc*es/ Once again2 e6ercise and activit+ .e*4 to -aintain good circ)*ation/ Des4ite 4.+sica* c.anges2 -an+ o*der 4eo4*e .ave an ade5)ate cardiovasc)*ar s+ste-/ Reg)*ar gent*e e6ercise2 es4ecia**+ 0a*1ing2 can .e*4 t.e cardiovasc)*ar s+ste-/ T.e En3+,rine S/ste) T.e endocrine s+ste- -aintains o)r 3od+ in 3a*ance/ It re*eases c.e-ica*s ca**ed .or-ones/ Hor-ones act as -essengers t.at te** o)r 3odies to gro02 re4rod)ce2 and a3sor3 food/ T.e .or-ones are re*eased into o)r 3*ood/
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T.e+ trave* aro)nd de*ivering i-4ortant -essages to o)r 3odies s)c. as L4rod)ce -i*1= L4)t on 0eig.t= and L+o) are .)ngr+=/ T.e Re-r+30,ti5e S/ste) T.e re4rod)ctive s+ste- is -ade )4 of t.e -ain organs for .)-an re4rod)ction in -a*es and fe-a*es2 as 0e** as so-e ot.er organs and .or-ones/ T.e -ain 4)r4ose of t.is s+ste- is to 4rod)ce offs4ring/ T.is s+ste- t)rns on and off at vario)s stages of o)r *ife/ Ageing an3 t.e En3+,rine an3 Re-r+30,ti5e S/ste)s !a8or c.anges t.at occ)r in t.e o*der -a*e inc*)de decreases in testic)*ar vo*)-e and s4er-/ Be-a*es e64erience -eno4a)se2 decreased oestrogen *eve*s and atro4.+ of t.e s)3c)taneo)s *eve* of t.e 3reast and e6terna* genita*ia/ Se6)a* res4onse tends to 3eco-e s*o0 in 3ot. -en and 0o-en/ C.anges in t.e endocrine s+ste- t.at co--on*+ occ)r inc*)de:

Dia3etes T.+roid disorders Cancer of t.e 3reast
Res-irat+r/ S/ste) T.e 3reat.ing ca4acit+ of t.e *)ngs decreases as 0e age/ O*der 4eo4*e e64end a3o)t 10R -ore energ+ in order to 3reat.e/ T.e decreased a3i*it+ to 3reat.e dee4*+ and to co)g. can *ead to res4irator+ i**nesses s)c. as 4ne)-onia/ Bod+ -ove-ent2 -i*d e6ercise and -assage can .e*4 4revent 4ne)-onia/ Breat.ing is i-4eded 3+ an increase in ca*cification of carti*age2 deca*cification of t.e ri3s2 and t.e tendenc+ for t.e s4ine to 3eco-e c)rved/ T.is is a decrease in e*asticit+ and in t.e t.ic1ness of t.e 0a**s of t.e *)ngs/ Des4ite t.is2 o*der 4eo4*e tend to .ave efficient res4irator+ s+ste-s in t.e a3sence of disease/ Activit+ and e6ercise sti-)*ate dee4 3reat.ing 4atterns and good 4ost)re 4er-its t.e *)ngs to e64and/ Bed rest and 4ro*onged sitting are .a<ardo)s for e*der*+ *)ngs/ Beca)se t.e *)ngs are constant*+ e64osed to t.e environ-ent and *)ng diseases are co--on in o*der age2 it is ver+ diffic)*t to disting)is. t.e effects of t.e environ-ent and disease fro- t.e nor-a* ageing 4rocess/ Co--on res4irator+ diseases t.at t.e aged 4erson -a+ enco)nter are: Ast.-a Pne)-onia Cancer of t.e *)ng S*ee4 a4noea C.ronic o3str)ctive 4)*-onar+ disease ")rsing interventions s.o)*d foc)s on red)cing t.e ris1 factors2 -anaging -edications and 1ee4ing t.e air0a+ as c*ear as 4ossi3*e/ T.e Urinar/8Renal S/ste) T.e )rinar+ s+ste- .e*4s t.e 3od+ get rid of 0astes 3+ fi*tering o)r 3*ood/ It a*so .e*4s 1ee4 so-e i-4ortant t.ings in 3a*ance s)c. as 0ater2 e*ectro*+tes and acid 3ase/ If o)r 1idne+s 0ere to fai*2 0e 0o)*d event)a**+ die 0it.o)t dia*+sis or a 1idne+ trans4*ant/ T.e !enit+8Urinar/ S/ste) T.e 1idne+s s.o0 evidence of 0ear 3+ a3o)t t.e age of >0/ Progressive degeneration of t.e tiss)e decreases t.e a3i*it+ of t.e 1idne+s to fi*ter efficient*+/ "or-a* )rination 4atterns -a+ 3e interr)4ted/ "oct)ria2 fre5)ent )rination d)ring t.e nig.t2 -a+ 3e a res)*t of an ageing 1idne+2 3)t infections or ot.er 4ro3*e-s -a+ a*so 3e t.e ca)se/ C.anges in t.e 1idne+ -a+ ca)se -edications to re-ain 4resent and active for *onger t.an nor-a* 4eriods/ Adverse effects of -edication s.o)*d 3e -onitored c*ose*+ in t.e e*der*+/ O*der 4eo4*e s.o)*d increase t.eir f*)id inta1e to 4revent de.+dration/ 7o) 0i** *earn to c.art and o3serve an+ c.anges in )rination 4atterns of 4eo4*e/ T.e I))0ne S/ste) T.is is a*so ca**ed t.e *+-4.atic s+ste-/ O)r i--)ne s+ste- is -ade )4 of *+-4. nodes2 *+-4. d)cts and *+-4.atic vesse*s/ An+ f*)id 0.ic. *ea1s o)t of t.e 3*ood is 4ic1ed )4 3+ t.e *+-4. s+ste- and ret)rned to t.e 3*ood/
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Ho0ever2 a ver+ i-4ortant ro*e of t.is s+ste- is t.at of -aintaining o)r i--)nit+/ $.en 3odies are infected2 t.e *+-4. nodes 0i** s0e** )4/ So-e diseases s)c. as cancer2 r.e)-atoid art.ritis2 and AIDS can res)*t 0.en t.e i--)ne s+ste- -a*f)nctions/ Tonsi**itis is an e6a-4*e of an i--)ne s+ste- res4onding to attac1 fro- o)r ene-+ 4at.ogens/ P./si+l+gi,al ,.ange C.anges in vision I)-li,ati+ns *+r in3i5i30al Pro3*e-s 0it. de4t. of 4erce4tion Sensitivit+ to g*are Pro3*e-s 0it. co*o)r discri-ination "eed -ore *ig.t to see Decreased .earing of .ig. 4itc.ed so)nd Progressive *oss of .earing C.anges in t.e a)ditor+ nerve S1in dr+ness Possi3*e da-age 9 )*cers $rin1*es Bro0n s4ots Bragi*e and easi*+ in8)red Possi3*e fract)res Osteo4orosis in 0o-en Bones -ass decreases (oints 3eco-e stiffer Verte3rae s.orten Easi*+ fatig)ed Pro3*e-s 0it. -o3i*it+ Hig.;*o0 3*ood 4ress)re Heart 4)-4s 0it. *ess force #ess 3*ood f*o0s t.ro)g. narro0 arteries Poor 3reat.ing ca4acit+ Res4irator+ -)sc*es 0ea1en #)ng tiss)e *ess e*astic #oss of teet. Poor n)trition C.ange in facia* a44earance Incontinence Cidne+ f)nction decreases Cidne+ atro4.+ B*adder -)sc*es 0ea1en Perista*sis decreases2 consti4ation ca)sing f*at)*ence and
C.anges in .earing
C.anges to s1in
C.anges in 3one densit+ 'decreased,
!)sc*e atro4.+ T.ic1ening arteries
Red)ced *)ng e*asticit+
Hardening of g)-s N 3one2 red)ced sa*iva rinar+ s+ste-
Red)ced -ove-ent t.ro)g. 3o0e* C.anges to nervo)s s+ste-
Ina3i*it+ to -ove 5)ic1*+ Poor 3a*ance Ina3i*it+ to fee* *ig.t to)c. Poor te-4erat)re contro* #oss of interest in food Decreased a3i*it+ to s-e** s-o1e Sensitivit+ to 4ain decreases
An o*der 4erson -a+ s4end -ore ti-e in 3ed2 3)t act)a**+ t.e a-o)nt of dai*+ s*ee4 decreases/ So-e 4eo4*e s*ee4 *ig.t*+2 0it. -ore fre5)ent a0a1ening d)ring t.e nig.t/ T.is can 3ring on fee*ings of tiredness/
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S*ee4 a4noea2 t.e cessation of 3reat.ing for )4 to 20 seconds2 occ)rs in -an+ e*der*+ ad)*ts/ T.ese 4eo4*e can 3e s*ee4ier d)ring t.e da+ t.an a 4erson 0it.o)t s*ee4 a4noea/ T.e -ost i-4ortant 0a+ to 4ro-ote good s*ee4 and rest 4atterns is to ens)re sensi3*+ 4aced and grad)a**+ increased 4.+sica* e6ercise/ P.+sica* e6ercise a*so contri3)tes to i-4roved -ood and se*f confidence2 and 0.en e6ercise is a gro)4 activit+2 it 4ro-otes socia*i<ation/ One gro)4 of active 4eo4*e is far-ers2 and far-ers aged &? or o*der genera**+ en8o+ 3etter .ea*t. and s*ee4 t.an cit+ or to0n 4eo4*e of t.e sa-e age/ T.e+ .ave fe0er -edica* conditions and e6ce* at 4erfor-ing tas1s/ If +o) are *oo1ing for a @? +ear o*d 0.o sti** 0or1s2 t.at 4erson is -ore *i1e*+ to 3e a far-er t.an an+t.ing e*se/ '!)rra+2 Sent-er2 1JAJ,/ Contrar+ to 4o4)*ar 3e*ief2 o*der 4eo4*e do not need -ore s*ee4 t.an +o)nger ad)*ts/ In fact2 o*der 4eo4*e often find t.at t.e+ need *ess s*ee4 t.an t.e+ once did/ T.e+ -a+ .o0ever2 need to ta1e 3rief rests fro4.+sica* activit+ t.ro)g.o)t t.e da+/ T.is does not -ean ta1ing a t0o .o)r na42 3)t rat.er sitting 5)iet*+ 0it. t.eir feet )4 for .a*f an .o)r 3efore res)-ing activit+/ #i1e 4eo4*e of a** ages2 t.ere is considera3*e variation in t.e a-o)nt of s*ee4 and rest an individ)a* needs and a 4erson )s)a**+ deve*o4s t.eir o0n 4atterns/ In a 4erson=s .o-e2 care ro)tines a**o0 a 4erson to c.oose t.eir o0n s*ee4 and rest 4atterns/ $e a*so tend to e64ect aged care 4eo4*e to s*ee4 for *ong 4eriods/ So-e o*der 4eo4*e rest and s*ee4 fre5)ent*+ d)ring t.e da+/ T.is -a+ ca)se t.e deve*o4-ent of 4oor s*ee4 4atterns at nig.t/ Peo4*e t.en see1 assistance 0it. s*ee4 fro- t.eir doctor/ T.e+ -a+ 3egin to de4end on s*ee4ing ta3*ets 0.en a -ore active da+ 0o)*d 3e a -ore s)ita3*e 0a+ of 0or1ing o)t t.is 4ro3*e-/ Peo4*e of an+ age 0.o .ave 4oor s*ee4;rest 4atterns 0i** 3e tired and *et.argic t.ro)g. t.e da+ and t.en -a+ fai* to s*ee4 4ro4er*+ at nig.t/ O*der 4eo4*e -a+ a*so 3eco-e conf)sed or agitated as a res)*t of t.e dist)r3ed s*ee4 and 4oor s*ee4 4atterns/
ADDRESSI"D PERSO"A# S PPORT "EEDS ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

SI"D PROCESSES2 EG IP!E"T2 AIDS A"D APP#IA"CES SABE#7
T.ere is a 0ide range of e5)i4-ent or aids t.at +o) 0i** need to )se to assist 0it. inde4endence for aged 4ersons and 4eo4*e 0it. disa3i*ities/ It is i-4erative t.at t.e c*ient=s needs are -et )sing t.e correct 4rocess2 e5)i4-ent ; a44*iance/ T.is is esta3*is.ed 3+ t.e P.+siot.era4ist or Occ)4ationa* T.era4ists/ T.ese t.era4ists esta3*is. 0.at is re5)ired and 0.at t.e correct 4iece of e5)i4-ent is for t.e 4artic)*ar c*ient/ T.e t+4e of e5)i4-ent 0i** -atc. t.e tas1 and t.e c*ient/ 6.eel,.airs $.ee*c.airs co-e in -an+ s.a4es and si<es 3)t a** 0.ee*c.airs .ave t.e fo**o0ing: Seat Bac1rest Bootrest or foot s)44ort T0o *arge 0.ee*s at t.e 3ac1 T0o s-a**er 0.ee*s at t.e front T.ese -a+ a*so .ave t.e fo**o0ing: ar-rests2 seat 3e*t and ; or stra4s2 3ra1es and .and*es for 4)s.ing/ E*ectric 0.ee*c.airs are 4o0ered 3+ rec.argea3*e 3atteries and are not designed to 3e 4)s.ed 9 d)e to t.e 3atter+2 e*ectric 0.ee*c.airs are .eav+/ $.ee*c.airs s.o)*d 3e t.e rig.t si<e for t.e 4erson )sing it/ It s.o)*d give s)44ort to t.e 3od+ and 3e co-forta3*e to sit in/ 7o) 0i** need to 3e s.o0n .o0 to .e*4 so-eone in and o)t of a 0.ee*c.air/
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Cee4 +o)r 3od+ )4rig.t2 )se +o)r *eg -)sc*es2 and avoid straining +o)r 3ac1 -)sc*es 0.en 4)s.ing a 0.ee*c.air/ Ot.er trans4ort devices inc*)de scooters/ T.ese are si-i*ar to e*ectric 0.ee*c.airs 3)t are designed for )se o)tdoors or in *arger s4aces and are )s)a**+ )sed 3+ 4eo4*e 0.o can 0a*1 s.ort distances 3)t need assistance to 0a*1 *onger distances/ M+1ilit/ Ai3s Peo4*e2 0.o .ave diffic)*t+ 0a*1ing or retaining t.eir 3a*ance )se -o3i*it+ aids to s)44ort t.e- 0.en 0a*1ing for 3a*ance and -a+ ta1e so-e 0eig.t/ $a*1ing fra-es aid -o3i*it+/ So-e 0a*1ing fra-es .ave a s-a** seat for )se 0.en t.e c*ient re5)ires a rest/ A 4.+siot.era4ist s.o)*d ens)re t.at t.e 0a*1ing fra-e is t.e correct .eig.t for t.e 4erson/ It s.o)*d 3e in good condition and a3*e to gri4 onto t.e f*oor as 0e** so it does not s*ide 0.en t.e c*ient 4)ts 0eig.t on it/ So-e c*ients )se a 0a*1ing stic1 or cr)tc.es/ A stic1 assists 0it. 3a*ance d)ring 0a*1ing to .e*4 t.e- 0it. sta3i*it+ and 4revention of fa**s/ T.e+ s.o)*d 3e in good condition 0it. a .and*e t.at is t.e rig.t *engt. and eas+ to .o*d 0it. a sto44er or gri4 on t.e end so t.e+ do not s*i4/ Cr)tc.es -a+ 3e eit.er f)** *engt. to fit )nder t.e 4erson=s ar-4it or e*3o0 cr)tc.es/ Cr)tc.es -)st 3e t.e rig.t si<e for t.e 4erson2 and in good condition 0it. sto44ers on t.e 3otto- to 4revent t.e- s*i44ing/ Li*ting an3 trans*er ai3s T.ere are -an+ 4ieces of e5)i4-ent t.at are )se to assist 0it. transfers/ T.ese 0i** 3e de-onstrated )4on +o)r orientation to t.e service/ So-e c*ients 0i** 3e a3*e to get in and o)t of 3ed 0it. no assistance 3)t t.ere 0i** 3e ot.ers 0.o 0i** re5)ire assistance/ T.ese 4eo4*e -)st not 3e -oved fro- one 4*ace to anot.er 0it.o)t t.e )se of e5)i4-ent to *ift or -ove c*ients/ Hoists are )sed to transfer c*ients/ T.e 4erson -a+ 3e transferred fro- a 0.ee*c.air to a 3ed2 a 3ed to a c.air2 or fro- a c.air to a s0i--ing 4oo*/ Hoists can 3e 4orta3*e2 -oving easi*+ fro- 4*ace to 4*ace and o4erated 3+ re-ote contro*/ sing a .oist 4ro4er*+ -eans a 0or1er does not need to *ift t.e c*ientE instead t.e+ g)ide t.e c*ient fro- one 4*ace to anot.er/ Different .oists 0or1 in different 0a+s/ T.erefore +o) -)st 3e trained to )se eac. t+4e safe*+ and correct*+/ 7o) 0i** need to 1no0 0.ic. s*ing to )se and .o0 to fit it to t.e c*ient/ !an+ c*ients re*+ on .andrai*s to assist t.e- to stand )4 or sit do0n/ T.ese -a+ 3e on t.e 0a** ne6t to t.e 3ed2 s.o0er2 3at. or toi*et/ Handrai*s are )s)a**+ ro)nded -eta* and eas+ to gri4/ T.ese s.o)*d 3e at t.e rig.t .eig.t and ang*e for t.e 4erson/ A t.era4ist 0i** )s)a**+ asses t.e correct 4*ace and .eig.t for t.e c*ient/ Be3s Beds t.at are ad8)sta3*e are avai*a3*e for c*ients 0.o .ave diffic)*t+ getting in and o)t of 3ed/ So-e 3eds can 3e raised or *o0ered de4ending on t.e c*ient=s needs/ So-eti-es it is necessar+ to ad8)st t.e .eig.t of a 3ed or raise t.e .ead of t.e 3ed to assist t.e c*ient sit )4 or get o)t of it2 or to assist in 4roviding 4ersona* care s)c. as dressing or 3ed 3at.ing/ Beds on 0.ee*s are )sed for c*ients 0.o cannot get o)t of 3ed/ T.e 0.ee*s 0i** *oc1 0.en t.e 3ed does not need to -ove/ !oving a 4erson in a 3ed is .eav+ 0or1/ Do not -ove a 4erson in a 3ed )n*ess s.o0n .o0 to do safe*+/ S,ales Sca*es are )sed to -onitor t.e c*ient=s 0eig.t 0.ere t.e 4erson .as a disa3i*it+ or condition t.at affects t.eir eating or digestion/ C*ients 0.o can stand inde4endent*+ -a+ 3e a3*e to 3e 0eig.ed )sing reg)*ar 3at.roo- sca*es/ Bor c*ients 0.o are )na3*e to easi*+ stand t.ere are sca*es t.at are attac.ed to a c.air2 or .oist s*ing/ T.e c*ient is assisted to sit or *ie co-forta3*+ in t.e c.air or s*ing and2 once sti**2 t.eir 0eig.t can 3e recorded/
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C+ntinen,e Ai3s Co--on aids inc*)de 4ads or s4ecia* )nder0ear/ T.ese s.o)*d 3e c.anged reg)*ar*+ and +o) -)st 0ear g*oves 0.en )nderta1ing t.is tas1/ So-e c*ients -a+ .ave a cat.eter in 4*ace to -anage continence/ Cat.eters -a+ 3e inserted into t.e 3od+ via t)3ing t.at drains t.e )rine into a 3ag/ 7o) -a+ need to c.ange s.eets or 3edding/ !an+ 3eds .ave 4*astic s.eets )nder t.e reg)*ar s.eet/ T.is sto4s )rine reac.ing t.e -attress/ A co--ode or toi*et c.air can assist c*ients )na3*e to sit safe*+ on a toi*et/ T.ese are sta3*e and sec)re2 eas+ to get into and o)t of2 and can 3e )sed in a 3edroo- or 3at.roo-/ T.e co--ode .as a 4an )nder t.e seat t.at -)st 3e e-4tied and c*eaned safe*+ after )se/ $ear g*oves 0.en c*eaning/ Pers+nal a03i+5is0al ai3s T.ere are -an+ different t+4es of aids t.at are )sed to assist c*ients in -an+ areas of *ife s)c. as: Reading aids2 s)c. as 4age t)rners or -agnif+ing screens or g*asses Hearing aids and te*et+4e0riter 'TT7, te*e4.ones Co--)nication devices2 s)c. as voice o)t4)t -ac.ines2 co--)nication 3oards or te6t 0riting -ac.ine/ Re-ote contro*s for t.e te*evision or *ig.ts 7o) 0i** need to *earn .o0 to o4erate 4ersona* a)diovis)a* aids )sed 3+ o*der 4eo4*e or 4eo4*e 0it. disa3i*ities/ Bot. c*ient and carer need to 1no0 .o0 t.e aid 0or1s/ C.ec1 t.e care 4*an for detai*s or see1 advice fro- +o)r s)4ervisor/ M+3i*ie3 *ee3ing ai3s T.ere are vario)s reasons 0.+ c*ients .ave diffic)*t+ eating a 4.+sica* diffic)*t+ 4reventing food or drin1 fro3eing s0a**o0ed2 eating eno)g. of t.e rig.t food to sta+ .ea*t.+/ Beeding aids -a+ inc*)de C)4s 0it. *ids to 4revent s4i**s P*ates or 3o0*s 0it. raised edges to 4revent food 3eing 4)s.ed over t.e edge Beeding t)3es t.at de*iver food direct*+ to t.e c*ient=s sto-ac. via a t)3e in t.eir nose or direct*+ into t.eir sto-ac. One .anded 1itc.en or eating devices C)t*er+ 0it. s4ecia*ised gri4s T.e occ)4ationa* t.era4ists need to assess t.e c*ient to ens)re t.at t.e correct e5)i4-ent is -atc.ed to t.e c*ient/ 7o) 0i** need to 3e s.o0n .o0 to )se t.e device or see1 advice fro- t.e s)4ervisor/ Ens)re +o)r c*ient )ses t.eir device at a** ti-es as t.is assists t.e c*ient to re-ain as inde4endent as 4ossi3*e/
PROVIDE S PPORT ACCORDI"D TO CARE P#A" A"D $ORCP#ACE PO#ICIES A"D PROCED RES
T.ere are -an+ tas1s +o) 0i** *earn to do/ 7o) 0i** *earn .o0 to )se -an+ t+4es of e5)i4-ent and aids to assist t.e c*ient/ $.en co--encing to care for a ne0 c*ient2 +o) 0i** need to refer to t.e care 4*an to ens)re t.at +o) 1no0 0.at is re5)ired/ If +o) are )na0are of .o0 to )se an+ 4iece of e5)i4-ent or aid t.en +o) -)st see1 advice fro- +o)r s)4ervisor/ 7o) s.o)*d never go a.ead and )se e5)i4-ent if +o) are )ns)re/ 7o) s.o)*d never )nderta1e an+t.ing t.at is not on t.e care 4*an/ It is i-4ortant t.at +o) )nderstand 0.ic. tas1s2 4rocesses2 e5)i4-ent and aids are 4art of +o)r ro*e as a carer/ 7o) 0i** *earn t.is as 4art of +o)r orientation2 reading +o)r 8o3 descri4tion2 reading t.e 4roced)res -an)a* and )nderta1ing for-a* and infor-a* training and deve*o4-ent/ Eac. service 0i** .ave different 4rocesses2 aids and e5)i4-ent to ena3*e +o) to s)44ort +o)r c*ient/ Aged ca&e 'acility 9i?low .eds 9oists S-owe& c-ai&s Walking '&ames
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#isa.ility ca&e Elect&ic w-eelc-ai&s #esktop ,oice synt-esise&s Swimming pool -oists >a&ge comp*te& monito&s
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T.e t+4e of 4ersona* care 0or1 +o) do and t.e t+4e of c*ients +o) 4rovide s)44ort to2 0i** dictate *i-its to t.e t+4es of 4rocesses2 aids and e5)i4-ent +o) are 4er-itted to )nderta1e or )se/ T.e reasons 3e.ind t.e *i-iting of +o)r ro*e are t.e safet+ of 3ot. t.e c*ient and t.e 0or1er/ E4a)-le 7o) -a+ 3e 4er-itted to e-4t+ a cat.eter 3ag and ens)re t.e entr+ is 1e4t c*ean and re4ort c.anges to +o)r s)4ervisor/ Ho0ever2 +o) 0o)*d n+t 3e 4er-itted to re-ove or to re4*ace it if it 3eco-es dis*odged/ sing e5)i4-ent or 4rocesses t.at +o) are not 4er-itted2 training or 5)a*ified to )se -a+ ca)se .ar- or in8)r+ to t.e c*ient or to t.e 0or1er )sing t.e e5)i4-ent/ 7o) -a+ a*so 3e in 3reac. of +o)r d)t+ of care as 0e** as 3e contravening *egis*ation or 0or14*ace 4o*ic+/
DEA#I"D $ITH RISCS $HE" PROVIDI"D S PPORT

6.at are e**e,ti5e 9a/s t+ e4-lain t+ an age3 -ers+n t.at t.e/ are at ris?7 Before e64*aining a ris1 or 4otentia* ris1 to an aged care 4erson +o) need to consider a n)-3er of iss)es/ !hese include: T.e d)t+ of care to infor- an aged 4erson of ris1/ T.e aged 4erson=s a3i*it+ to .ear and )nderstand/ $.et.er advice or cons)*tation 0it. a s)4ervisor or co**eag)e is necessar+/ T.e 4erson=s rig.t to c.oose to ta1e infor-ed ris1s/ T.e 0or1er=s res4onsi3i*it+ to t.e aged 4erson and t.e care 4*an/ E64*aining an+ ris1 to t.e aged care 4erson re5)ires tact and care/ 7o) -)st do it c*ear*+ and in a 0a+ t.at res4ects t.eir dignit+ and does not a*ar- t.e-/ *or e&am'le: 7o) s.o)*d 4osition +o)rse*f in front of t.e 4erson2 -a1ing e+e contact 'if c)*t)ra**+ a44ro4riate, and avoiding an over3earing attit)de/ I* t.e/ are sittingA sit s+ /+0 are 1+t. +n t.e sa)e le5el If +o) .ave 3een 0or1ing 0it. t.e aged 4erson +o) 0i** .ave 3)i*t a re*ations.i4 over a 4eriod of ti-e and it 0i** 3e easier to co--)nicate 0it. t.e-/ In sit)ations 0.ere t.ere .as 3een *itt*e or no 4revio)s contact2 t.e tas1 3eco-es -)c. -ore diffic)*t and co-4*e6/ T.e a3i*it+ to )se tact and care ta1es so-e 4ractice and +o) -a+ not fee* confident initia**+ to 4erfor- t.e tas1 co-forta3*+/ In t.ese sit)ations2 +o) s.o)*d see1 assistance and advice/ T.ere are so-e i-4ortant factors to re-e-3er 0.en ta*1ing to an aged 4erson a3o)t 4otentia* ris1/ T.e+ inc*)de: Having an e-4at.ic a44roac./ Res4ecting t.eir dignit+/ sing c*ear *ang)age/ !aintain e+e contact 'if c)*t)ra**+ a44ro4riate,/ Being a0are of t.eir c)*t)ra* 3ac1gro)nd/
A,ti5it/
Co-4*ete t.e fo**o0ing ta3*e/ Revie0 +o)r 8o3 descri4tion2 *oo1 at t.e 4o*ic+ and 4roced)res of t.e service2 or disc)ss 0it. +o)r s)4ervisor/ Bor eac. of t.e fo**o0ing descri3e 0.et.er it can 3e )sed or not and t.e evidence +o) .ave *ocated to s)44ort t.is/
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Process, aid or equipment Wheelchair Giving an injection Lifting with a hoist hanging pad incontinence
Able to use?
Evidence
utting fingernails !eeding a meal "ebuliser
ASSISTI"D C#IE"TS AS REG IRED

H+9 3+ 9e assist 9it. 3ressing an3 gr++)ing7 Dressing and groo-ing is 4art of assisting t.e 4erson to -eet .+giene needs and to -aintain se*f estee-/ It is 4artic)*ar*+ i-4ortant to consider t.e 4erson=s 4references and .a3its/ C*ot.ing can 3e a de-onstration of individ)a*it+ and 4ersona*it+/ Persona* artic*es of c*ot.ing can e64ress t.e individ)a*=s desires to en.ance t.eir se*fFestee-/ Re-e-3er t.at an e*der*+ 4erson -a+ .ave ver+ different ideas fro- +o) a3o)t 0.at constit)tes good groo-ing and a44ro4riate dress/ #i1e o)r 4references for food2 o)r 4reference for c*ot.ing is inf*)enced 3+ o)r c)*t)re2 )43ringing and 4ersona*it+/ So-e o*der 4eo4*e do not engage in socia* activit+ )nti* t.e+ are dressed and groo-ed/ Sta+ing .a*f t.e da+ in 4+8a-as is ver+ )4setting for t.e- 4ersona**+/ E*der*+ 4eo4*e often .ave diffic)*t+ finding c*ot.ing t.at fits 4ro4er*+/ Bio*ogica* c.anges a*ter t.e 3od+ s.a4e/ OffFt.eFrac1 c*ot.es are not designed to en.ance t.e a44earance or co-fort of t.e o*d/ O*der 0o-en co-4*ain t.at c*ot.ing is too *ongF0aisted2 is *oose across t.e 3ac12 is tig.t aro)nd 0aist and .i4s2 and .as 3ac1 <i44ers t.at are .ard to reac./ !ost 4refer front <i44ers2 fe0 3)ttons2 t.ree 5)arter *engt. s*eeves2 and a co-forta3*e fit/ Ho0ever2 *oose s.a4e*ess f*ora* dresses 0.ic. -ig.t 3e convenient for t.e carer can 3e distressing for t.e 4erson/ Individ)a*it+ is often e64ressed 3+ 4references for certain st+*es of c*ot.ing or co*o)rs2 so2 0.erever 4ossi3*e2 t.ese 4references s.o)*d 3e catered to/ 7o) s.o)*d as1 t.e 4erson 0.at t.e+ 0ant to 0ear2 .o0 t.e+ 0ant t.eir .air done2 and .e*4 t.e- 4)t on t.eir 0atc. or 8e0e**er+/ T.e carer is in a 4osition to direct*+ affect t.e i-age of t.e 4erson/ !atted2 stiff .air2 )n1e-4t2 foodFstained 3eards2 stained dent)res and )rine stained c*ot.ing are a** easi*+ 4revented/ T.e s)44ort and assistance of t.e carer 0i** 3e essentia* in assisting t.e o*der 4erson to -aintain t.eir se*fFi-age2 dignit+ and 4ersona* .ea*t./ Dressing Resi3ents 9it. Disa1ilities A *arge n)-3er of residents are disa3*ed2 0.et.er fro- cere3rovasc)*ar accidents 'stro1e,2 3ac1 in8)r+2 or t.e *oss of an ar- or *eg/ T.ese residents find diffic)*t+ in dressing t.e-se*ves 0.ic. 4resents a s4ecia* c.a**enge to t.e n)rsing assistant teac.ing residents 0it. disa3i*ities .o0 to dress inde4endent*+/ T.e fo**o0ing 4roced)res are instr)ctions for dressing and )ndressing/ T.ose residents 0it. disa3i*ities and inc*)des 0.at t.e+ can do for t.e-se*ves/ "+ote: +ever use the terms ,bad side- and ,good side- %hen %orking %ith residents %ith disabilities. /se the terms ,affected- and ,non affected-. lso0 remember to e&ercise 'atience. 1t may take some time for residents to learn these techni2ues#
To 4)t on a s.irt2 s4read t.e s.irt on +o)r *a4/ T.e front of t.e s.irt s.o)*d face +o)/ Ho*d t.e co**ar a0a+ fro- t.e 3od+
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se +o)r )naffected ar- to 4*ace affected ar- t.ro)g. t.e ar-.o*e/ P)** t.e s*eeve )4 t.e affected arT.ro0 t.e rest of t.e s.irt over +o)r 3ac1 and 4)** t.e s*eeve )4 and into 4*ace on +o)r affected arReac. 3e.ind 0it. +o)r )naffected ar- and 4*ace it in t.e ar-.o*e/ $or1 t.e s*eeve into 4ro4er 4osition B)tton2 <i42 or 4ress t.e Ve*cro on t.e front of t.e gar-ent To re-ove t.e s.irt2 )se +o)r )naffected ar- to 4)s. t.e s.irt off t.e affected s.o)*der Dras4 t.e -idd*e of t.e front of t.e s.irt on t.e side of +o)r )naffected ar-/ P)** t.e s.irt o)t to t.e side 0.i*e 4)**ing it off +o)r )naffected s.o)*der $or1 +o)r )naffected ar- o)t of t.e s*eeve se +o)r )naffected .and to gras4 t.e c)ff and s*eeve and 4)** it off +o)r affected arTo 4)t on tro)sers2 sit on t.e side of t.e 3ed/ se +o)r )naffected ar- to cross +o)r affected *eg over +o)r )naffected *eg/ P)** t.e tro)ser *eg over +o)r affected foot P*ace +o)r )naffected foot in t.e ot.er tro)ser *eg and 4)** )4 t.e tro)sers as far as 4ossi3*e Stand and )se t.e 3ed for 3a*ance/ P)** )4 and fasten t.e 4ants 0it. +o)r )naffected .and/ If +o) cannot stand2 *ie do0n on +o)r 3ed/ Bend +o)r 1nee and .i4 3+ 4)s.ing +o)r foot against t.e 3ed to raise +o)r .i4s )sing t.e )naffected side of +o)r 3od+/ T.en 4)** t.e tro)sers )4 over +o)r .i4s/ 7o) -a+ .ave to t)rn s*ig.t*+ fro- side to side 0.i*e +o) 4)** )4 t.e tro)sers Basten t.e front of t.e tro)sers To re-ove tro)sers2 stand 0.i*e *eaning against t.e 3ed )sing +o)r )naffected *eg/ Do t.is on*+ if +o)=re standing 3a*ance is good/ P)** do0n t.e tro)sers Sit on t.e side of t.e 3ed/ P)s. t.e tro)ser 4ant *eg off +o)r affected *eg Cross +o)r affected *eg and 4)** t.e tro)ser off To 4)t on s.oes2 4*ace +o)r 0ea1er *eg on t.e footstoo* 0it. r)33erFti44ed feet/ T.is 3rings +o)r foot c*oser to +o)r ar-s se a gri4 tong to e6tend +o)r reac./ $.en t.e .and*es are 4ressed2 t.e 8a0s o4en )4 1T inc.es/ Once t.e 8a0s c*ose on t.e o38ect2 t.e+ 0i** .o*d it 0it.o)t 4ressing f)rt.er se a s4ecia* .o*der ca**ed a stocking put%on for 4)tting on soc1s 'not stoc1ings,/ se a *ongF.and*ed s.oe.orn to .e*4 s*i4 on s.oes
3ou %ill also dress residents %ho cannot do anything inde'endently. !he key is to avoid com'licated outfits.

S*i4 t.e s.irt or dress over t.e .ead 3efore +o) tr+ to 4)** on t.e s*eeves Dat.er )4 t.e s*eeves in +o)r .ands and 4*ace t.e gat.ered s*eeve over t.e .and/ P)** )4 t.e s*eeve2 .o*d on to t.e resident=s .and and t.e c)ff of t.e s*eeve/ Dat.er )4 4ants .a*f0a+ )4 t.e *egs in +o)r .ands in t.e sa-e 0a+ +o) gat.er t.e s*eeves/ P)** t.e 4ants .a*f0a+ )4 t.e *eg/ Re4eat on t.e ot.er *eg/ It -a+ 3e necessar+ to t)rn t.e resident fro- side to side 0.i*e +o) 4)** t.e 4ants )4 over t.e .i4s Dress t.e resident=s affected side first to 4rovide -ore s*ac1/ $.en +o) )ndress a resident2 re-ove t.e c*ot.es fro- t.e )naffected side first
R0les +* Bat.ing
Bo**o0 t.e care 4*an for 3at.ing -et.od and s1in care 4rod)cts/ A**o0 4ersona* c.oice 0.enever 4ossi3*e/ Bo**o0 4tandard Precautions 'infection contro*, and t.e Blood borne Pathogen 4tandard.

Co**ect needed ite-s 3efore starting t.e 4roced)re Provide for 4rivac+/ Screen t.e 4erson2 and c*ose doors2 s.ades or dra4es Cover t.e 4erson for 0ar-t. and 4rivac+ C*ose doors and 0indo0 to red)ce drafts Protect t.e 4erson fro- fa**ing se good 3od+ -ec.anics at a** ti-es 'as 4er -an)a* .and*ing 4o*ic+ and 4roced)re, !a1e s)re 0ater te-4erat)re is not too .ot2 4artic)*ar*+ for t.e o*der 4erson Cee4 soa4 in t.e soa4 dis. 3et0een *at.ering/ T.is 4revents soa4+ 0ater/ It red)ces t.e c.ance of s*i44ing and fa**s in s.o0ers and t)3s $as. fro- t.e c*eanest areas to t.e dirtiest areas Enco)rage t.e 4erson to .e*4 as -)c. as is safe*+ 4ossi3*e Rinse t.e s1in t.oro)g.*+ to re-ove t.e soa4 Pat t.e s1in dr+ to avoid irritating or 3rea1ing t.e s1in Re-e-3er to dr+ )nder t.e 3reasts2 3et0een s1in fo*ds2 in t.e 4erinea* area2 and 3et0een t.e toes Bat.e t.e s1in 0.enever faeca* -ateria* or )rine is on t.e s1in
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5e'ort the follo%ing to the nurse:

Co*o)r of t.e s1in2 *i4s2 nai* 3eds2 and sc*era '0.ites of t.e e+es, #ocation and descri4tion of ras.es Dr+ s1in Br)ises or o4en s1in areas 's1in 3rea1s, Pa*e or reddened areas2 4artic)*ar*+ over 3on+ 4arts Drainage or 3*eeding fro- 0o)nds or 3od+ o4enings S0o**en feet or *egs Corns or ca**)ses on t.e feet S1in te-4erat)re Co-4*aints of 4ain and disco-fort
S.a5ing a Male Resi3ent8Client Pre Pr+,e30re2

E64*ain t.e 4roced)re to t.e 4erson $as. +o)r .ands as 4er 4o*ic+ and 4roced)re Co**ect t.e fo**o0ing: $as.3asin Bat. to0e* Bace to0e* $as.c*ot. Bat. t.er-o-eter Ra<or or s.aver !irror S.aving crea- or soa4 S.aving 3r)s. AfterFs.ave *otion Tiss)es Pa4er to0e* D*oves Arrange ite-s on t.e over 3ed ta3*e Identif+ t.e 4erson2 confir- identification and refer to t.e 4erson 3+ na-e Provide for 4rivac+ Raise t.e 3ed to t.e 3est *eve* for good 3od+ -ec.anics/ Raise t.e 3ed rai*s
Pr+,e30re2

Bi** t.e 0as.3asin/ T.e 0ater te-4erat)re s.o)*d 3e a3o)t >& degrees C P*ace t.e 3asin on t.e over 3ed ta3*e on to4 of t.e 4a4er to0e*s #o0er t.e 3ed rai* Position t.e 4erson in se-iFfo0*er=s 4osition if a**o0ed or on .is 3ac1 Ad8)st *ig.ting to c*ear*+ see t.e 4erson=s face P*ace t.e 3at. to0e* over .is c.est Position t.e over 3ed ta3*e 0it.in eas+ reac. and at a co-forta3*e 0or1ing .eig.t P)t on g*oves $as. t.e 4erson=s face 9 3+ n+t 3r/ t.e *a,e P*ace a 0as.c*ot. or face to0e* in t.e 0ater and 0et it t.oro)g.*+ 9 0ring it o)t A44*+ t.e 0as.c*ot. or to0e* to t.e face to soften t.e 3eard and re-ove it after 3 to ? -in)tes A44*+ s.aving crea- to t.e face 0it. +o)r .ands/ se a s.aving 3r)s. if )sing soa4 for *at.er Tig.ten t.e ra<or 3*ade to t.e ra<or Ho*d t.e s1in ta)t 0it. one .and S.ave in t.e direction of .air gro0t.2 )se s.orter stro1es aro)nd t.e c.in and *i4s Rinse t.e ra<or often and 0i4e 0it. tiss)es A44*+ direct 4ress)re to an+ 3*eeding areas $as. off an+ re-aining s.aving crea- or soa42 dr+ 0it. to0e* A44*+ afterFs.ave *otion if re5)ested
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Re-ove t.e to0e* Re-ove +o)r g*oves !ove t.e over 3ed ta3*e fro- t.e 3ed !a1e s)re t.e 4erson is co-forta3*e P*ace t.e ca** 3e** 0it.in reac. #o0er t.e 3ed to its *o0est 4osition Raise or *o0er 3ed rai*s as instr)cted 3+ t.e care 4*an C*ean and ret)rn e5)i4-ent and s)44*ies to t.eir 4ro4er 4*ace/ Discard dis4osa3*e ite-s $i4e off t.e over 3ed ta3*e 0it. t.e 4a4er to0e*s/ Discard t.e 4a4er to0e*s Position t.e ta3*e as a44ro4riate for t.e c*ient;resident nscreen 're-ove t.e screen, t.e c*ient;resident Bo**o0 t.e faci*it+=s 4o*ic+ for dis4osa* of dirt+ *inen $as. +o)r .ands Re4ort an+ nic1s or 3*eeding to t.e R" and doc)-ent as 4er faci*it+ 4o*ic+
SHA=IN! FEMALE LE!S AND UNDERARMS !an+ 0o-en s.ave t.eir *egs and )nderar-s/ T.is 4ractice varies a-ong c)*t)res/ So-e 0o-en s.ave on*+ t.e *o0er *egs/ Ot.ers s.ave to -idFt.ig. and ot.ers t.e entire *eg/ $o-en=s *egs and )nderar-s are s.aved after 3at.ing 0.en t.e s1in is soft/ Soa4 and 0ater or s.aving crea- is )sed for *at.er/ "eeded s.aving ite-s are co**ected 0it. t.e 3at. ite-s/ se a 1idne+ 3asin to rinse t.e ra<or rat.er t.an )sing t.e 3at. 0ater/ S.aving )nder ar-s and *egs is si-i*ar to s.aving t.e -a*e face/ CARIN! FOR MOUSTACHES AND BEARDS Beards and -o)stac.es need dai*+ care/ Bood can co**ect in .air/ So can -o)t. and nose drainage/ Dai*+ 0as.ing and co-3ing )s)a**+ is eno)g./ As1 t.e 4erson .o0 to groo- t.eir 3eard or -o)stac.e/ "ever tri- or s.ave 4erson=s facia* .air 0it.o)t t.eir infor-ed consent 9 3e considerate of t.e c)*t)ra* and re*igio)s i-4*ications of facia* .air
CARE OF NAILS AND FEET

"ai*s and feet need s4ecia* attention to 4revent infections2 in8)r+ and odo)rs/ Hangnai*s2 ingro0n toe nai*s 'nai*s t.at gro0 in at t.e side, and nai*s torn a0a+ fro- t.e s1in ca)se s1in 3rea1s/ T.ese 3rea1s are 4orta*s of entr+ for -icro3es/ #ong or 3ro1en nai*s can catc. s1in or snag c*ot.ing/ T.e feet are easi*+ infected and in8)red/ Dirt+ feet2 soc1s or stoc1ings .ar3o)r -icro3es and ca)se odo)rs/ S.oes and soc1 4rovide 0ar-2 -oist environ-ent for t.e gro0t. of -icro3es/ In8)ries occ)r fro- st)33ing toes2 ste44ing on s.ar4 o38ects2 or 3eing ste44ed on/ S.oes t.at fit 4oor*+ ca)se 3*isters/ Hea*ing is 4ro*onged in 4ersons 0it. 4oor circ)*ation to t.e feet/ Dia3etes -e**it)s and vasc)*ar disease are co--on ca)ses of 4oor circ)*ation/ Infection or foot in8)res are 4artic)*ar*+ diffic)*t to treat in t.e frai* and aged/ Boot care a*so .as an i-4act on -o3i*it+ and confidence to -o3i*i<e/ 6.at is Oral Care7 Care of teet.2 dent)res2 4artia* 4*ates2 g)-s2 tong)e and -o)t./ Why Perform 6ral Care$ Decrease infection Decrease odo)r Pro-ote sense of taste and s-e** Enco)rage good .a3its and 4ractices When do %e 'erform$ !orning2 noon and nig.t Ins-e,ti+n +* Oral Ca5it/ $ear g*oves To)c. and fee* e*e-ents of -o)t. !)cosa 9 4in12 g*istening2 s-oot. D)-s 9 4in12 -oist2 s-oot.2 fir- and tig.t aro)nd teet. Teet.F 0.ite s-oot. and s.in+
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Tong)e 9 d)** red2 s*ig.t*+ ro)g.2 -oving free*+ Pro3*e-s 9 .a*itosis '3ad s-e**ing 3reat.,2 inf*a--ation2 3*eeding2 cavities2 *oose teet. and teet. -issing
Br0s.ing a Resi3ents Teet. PreB-r+,e30re2 E64*ain t.e 4roced)re to t.e 4erson $as. +o)r .ands Co**ect g*oves and ite-s *isted in 4roced)res 3e*o0 Assisting t.e 4erson to 3r)s. t.e teet. P*ace t.e 4a4er to0e*s on t.e over 3ed ta3*e Arrange ite-s on to4 of t.e Identif+ t.e 4erson/ C.ec1 ID and care 4*an and ca** 4erson 3+ na-e Provide 4rivac+ Raise t.e 3ed to t.e 3est *eve* for good 3od+ -ec.anics Pr+,e30re: Raise t.e .ead of t.e 3ed so t.e 4erson can sit co-forta3*+/ Position t.e 4erson in a side *+ing 4osition on t.e side near +o) if .e or s.e cannot sit )4 '0.en 4ositioning residents ens)re -an)a* .and*ing 4o*ic+ and 4roced)res are -et at a** ti-es, #o0er t.e 3ed rai* near +o)/ !a1e s)re t.e far 3ed rai* is )4 P*ace a to0e* over t.e resident=s c.est F t.is 4rotects t.e 3ed c*ot.es and resident=s c*ot.ing fro- s4i**s Position t.e overF3ed ta3*e so +o) can reac. it 0it. ease/ Ad8)st t.e .eig.t if necessar+ $as. .ands and 4)t on g*oves A44*+ toot.4aste to t.e toot.3r)s. Ho*d t.e toot.3r)s. over a 1idne+ 3o0* 'or toot. 3o0*,/ Po)r 0ater onto t.e 3r)s. Br)s. t.e 4erson=s teet. gent*+ 9 g)-s are often tender and need s4ecia* treat-ent #et t.e 4erson rinse t.e -o)t. 0it. 0ater/ Ho*d t.e 3asin )nder t.e 4erson=s c.in/ Re4eat t.is ste4 if necessar+ Re-e-3er if -o)t. 0as. is )sed t.is is not to 3e s0a**o0ed Re-ove t.e to0e* 0.en done Re-ove and discard t.e g*oves P+stB-r+,e30re2 !a1e s)re t.e 4erson is co-forta3*e P*ace t.e ca** 3e** 0it.in reac. #o0er t.e 3ed Raise or *o0er 3ed rai*s as indicated 3+ t.e care 4*an C*ean and ret)rn e5)i4-ent to its 4ro4er 4*ace $i4e off t.e overF3ed ta3*e 0it. t.e 4a4er to0e*s and discard t.e #o0er t.e overF3ed ta3*e to a *eve* a44ro4riate for t.e 4erson nscreen t.e 4erson Bo**o0 faci*it+ 4o*ic+ and 4roced)re for dis4osa* of dirt+ *inen $as. .ands and re-ove g*oves Re4ort an+ o3servations to R" and doc)-ent as instr)cted Pr+5i3e Dent0re Care PreB-r+,e30re2 E64*ain t.e 4roced)re to t.e 4erson $as. .ands Co**ect t.e fo**o0ing: Dent)re 3r)s. or toot.3r)s. Dent)re c)4 *a3e**ed 0it. t.e resident=s na-e Dent)re c*eaner or toot.4aste
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$ater g*ass 0it. coo* 0ater Stra0 !o)t.0as. Cidne+ 3asin T0o face to0e*s Da)<e s5)are D*oves Identif+ t.e 4erson2 C.ec1 ID and care 4*an for instr)ctions2 ca** t.e 4erson 3+ na-e Provide 4rivac+

Pr+,e30re: #o0er t.e 3ed rai* if )4 P*ace a to0e* over t.e 4erson=s c.est P)t g*oves on As1 t.e 4erson to re-ove dent)res if t.e+ are a3*eFcaref)**+ 4*acing t.e- in a 3o0*/ 7o) 0i** need to re-ove t.e- if t.e 4erson is not a3*e/ Re-e-3er t.e+ 0i** 3e s*i44er+ Dras4 t.e )44er dent)re 0it. +o)r t.)-3 and inde6 finger -ove t.e dent)re )4 and do0n a *itt*e to 3rea1 t.e sea*/ Dent*+ re-ove t.e dent)re fro- t.e 4erson=s -o)t. once t.e sea* is 3ro1en/ P*ace it in t.e 1idne+ 3o0* Re-ove t.e *o0er dent)re 3+ gras4ing it 0it. +o)r t.)-3 and inde6 finger/ T)rn it s*ig.t*+ and *ift o)t of t.e 4erson=s -o)t./ P*ace it in t.e 1idne+ 3o0* Raise t.e 3ed rai* if 4erson=s care 4*an indicates t.is is needed Ta1e t.e 1idne+ 3asin2 dent)re c)4 3r)s. and c*eaner or toot.4aste to t.e sin1/ Rinse eac. dent)re )nder 0ar- r)nning 0ater/ Ret)rn to t.e dent)re c)4 A44*+ t.e dent)re c*eaner or toot.4aste to t.e 3r)s.2 3r)s. t.e teet. and 4*ate and t.e )nderside of t.e teet. Rinse dent)res )nder coo* r)nning 0ater/ Hand*e t.e- caref)**+ do not dro4 t.e P*ace t.e- in t.e dent)re c)4/ Bi** it 0it. coo* 0ater )nti* t.e dent)res are covered C*ean t.e 1idne+ 3o0* Bring t.e 1idne+ 3o0* and t.e dent)re c)4 to t.e 3ed side #o0er t.e 3ed rai* if )4 Assist t.e 4erson to rinse .is or .er -o)t. 0it. -o)t.0as. Ho*d t.e 1idne+ 3asin )nder t.e c.in 4osition of t.e 4erson for ora* .+giene As1 t.e 4erson to insert t.eir dent)res/ If t.e+ are )na3*e2 do it for t.e P)t t.e dent)re c)4 in t.e to4 dra0er of t.e 3edside stand if t.e dent)res are not reinserted Re-ove t.e to0e* re-ove t.e g*oves and dis4ose of )sed -ateria*s #eave t.e 4erson=s roo- neat and tid+ H+9 t+ )aintain s?in integrit/7 S?in integrit/2 One of t.e first signs of ageing is 0rin1*es in t.e s1in/ T.is is ca)sed 3+ *oss of .or-ones 0.ic. -a1e t.e s1in e*astic and a**o0 t.e for-ation of 0rin1*es/ 7o) a*read+ 1no0 .o0 i-4ortant t.e s1in is for t.e 4rotection of t.e 3od+/ An aged 4erson .as a .ig. ris1 of s1in da-age 3eca)se in t.e nor-a* 4rocess of ageing2 t.e s1in 3eco-es t.inner2 *ess e*astic and drier/ T.is -eans t.at an aged 4erson can considera3*+ da-age t.e s1in as a res)*t of a 3)-4 or 1noc1 t.at 0o)*d not ca)se an in8)r+ to a +o)nger 4erson/ !an+ residents of aged care faci*ities a*so .ave significant*+ i-4aired -o3i*it+2 4oor n)tritiona* stat)s2 i-4aired -enta* s1i**s and )nder*+ing disease 4rocesses 0.ic. great*+ increase t.e ris1 of s1in 3rea1do0n/ T.ese 4eo4*e .ave t.e 4otentia* to deve*o4 4ress)re )*cers 'a*so ca**ed 4ress)re area sores2 dec)3it)s )*cers or 3edsores,/ Press)re )*cers occ)r 0.ere 4ro*onged 4ress)re on t.e s1in interferes 0it. t.e 3*ood s)44*+ to t.e area2 res)*ting in necrosis 'deat., of t.e s1in and )nder*+ing tiss)es/ T.e+ )s)a**+ occ)r over 3on+ 4ro-inences 3)t -a+ a*so occ)r 0.ere t.ere is contin)ed 4ress)re 3et0een t0o s1in s)rfaces/ T.e first indication of e6cessive 4ress)re is reddening of t.e s1in/ If t.is redness 4ersists or if t.ere is a 3*anc.ed '0.itened, area in t.e centre of t.e red area2 it indicates t.at da-age .as occ)rred to t.e tiss)es )nder t.e s1in/
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Persistent redness of t.e s1in can 3e associated 0it. s0e**ing or ind)ration '.ardening, of t.e area/ T.is is a Stage I 4ress)re )*cer/ It is essentia* to re*ieve t.e 4ress)re to t.e reddened area or t.e s1in 0i** 3egin to 3rea1 do0n/ T.e for-ation of a 3*ister or sca3 is indicative of 4artia* s1in da-age/ So is gra<ing or t.e fo)ndation of s.a**o0 )*cers/ An+ of t.ese *esions are c*assified as a Stage II 4ress)re )*cer/ A Stage III 4ress)re )*cer is 0.ere t.ere is f)** t.ic1ness s1in *oss and da-age of t.e tiss)es )nder t.e s1in/ T.ese dee4 )*cers -a+ )nder-ine t.e ad8acent s1in/ A Stage I= 4ress)re )*cer is 0.ere t.e da-age .as e6tended to t.e -)sc*e2 3one and s)44orting str)ct)res/ Once a 4ress)re )*cer .as deve*o4ed2 it 3eco-es a -a8or .ea*t. deficit for t.e aged 4erson/ T.e .ea*ing 4rocess ta1es *onger for o*der 4eo4*e/ T.e+ are s)sce4ti3*e to infection and t.eir i--)ne s+ste- is not as efficient as t.at of a +o)nger 4erson/ T.eir n)tritiona* re5)ire-ents increase dra-atica**+2 3)t t.e+ fre5)ent*+ do not fee* *i1e eating and t.e+ s)ffer considera3*e 4ain and disco-fort/
1t is al%ays better to take ste's to 'revent the develo'ment of 'ressure sores.

To do so2 t.e carer needs to 3e a3*e to identif+ t.ose factors 0.ic. increase a 4erson=s ris1 and ta1e action to re-ove or -ini-ise t.e-/ T.e factors 0.ic. can i-4act on an o*der 4erson=s s1in integrit+ are:
M+1ilit/2 if t.e o*der 4erson is )na3*e to -ove t.e-se*ves2 t.en t.e+ are at ris1 of 4ro*onged 4ress)re
occ)rring over 3on+ areas e/g/ sitting in a c.air for *ong 4eriods of ti-e
Sensati+n2 -an+ o*der 4eo4*e .ave red)ced s1in sensation/ T.e+ do not fee* t.e disco-fort t.at a +o)nger
4erson 0o)*d fee*2 so t.e+ do not c.ange 4osition
M+ist0re2 constant e64os)re to -oist)re softens and 0ea1ens t.e s1in2 4redis4osing it to 3rea1do0n/ In
t.e incontinent 4erson2 t.is is co-4*icated 3+ t.e 4resence of c.e-ica* and -icroForganis-s t.at f)rt.er 0ea1en t.e s1in/
N0triti+n2 4oor n)trition is co--on in t.e e*der*+/ Inade5)ate dietar+ inta1e2 4artic)*ar*+ of 4rotein and
vita-ins2 can *ead to t.e s1in 3eing -ore s)sce4ti3*e to 3rea1do0n and ta1ing *onger to .ea*/
H+9 3+ 9e assist 9it. 3ietar/ nee3s7

A co--on 4ro3*e- a-ong aged 4eo4*e is inade5)ate n)trition/ !an+ factors -a+ contri3)te to t.is 4ro3*e-: Decreased sensations of taste and s-e** -ean t.at t.e food does not a44ea* to t.e- as -)c. as it once did #oss or deca+ of teet. can -a1e it diffic)*t to c.e0 C.anges in a digestive s+ste- -a+ interfere 0it.: S0a**o0ing #ess sa*iva is 4rod)ced to *)3ricate food T.e -)sc*es of t.e oeso4.ag)s -a+ 0ea1en2 -a1ing s0a**o0ing diffic)*t T.e digestive s+ste- can 3eco-e s*)ggis.2 s*o0ing t.e 4rogress of digestion and -a1ing t.e 4erson fee* *ess *i1e eating Eating is a socia* event/ If t.e o*der 4erson *ives a*one2 s.e -a+ not 3ot.er to 4re4are 4ro4er -ea*s for .erse*f !an+ o*der -en .ave not .ad to s.o4 or 4re4are -ea*s for t.e-se*ves2 so if t.e+ are *iving on t.eir o0n2 t.e+ -a+ not 3e a3*e to coo1 for t.e-se*ves Econo-ics 9 -an+ o*der 4eo4*e .ave ver+ *o0 inco-es and cannot afford to 3)+ t.e food t.e+ need Disease 4rocesses s)c. as stro1e or de-entia -a+ res)*t in t.e *oss of -enta* or 4.+sica* a3i*it+ to 4re4are -ea*s
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!he nutritional needs of the elderly do not differ significantly from that of any other 'erson.
T.e i3eal 3iet 9+0l3 ,+ntain2

!ost car3o.+drate foods s)c. as 3read2 cerea*2 4asta and rice to s)44*+ energ+ and fi3re needs !ost fr)its and vegeta3*es to s)44*+ energ+2 fi3re2 vita-ins and -inera*s !oderate a-o)nt of 4rotein foods s)c. as -eat2 fis.2 eggs and 3eans to s)44*+ -inera*s and -ateria* for t.e re4air of t.e 3od+ !oderate a-o)nts of dair+ foods to s)44*+ -inera*s S-a** a-o)nts of fat and refined s)gars
nfort)nate*+ -an+ o*der 4eo4*e tend to eat diets .ig. in fats and refined s)gars 3eca)se 4rod)cts containing t.ese e*e-ents are eas+ to 4re4are and eas+ to eat/ T.is can res)*t in o3esit+ and vita-in deficienc+/ T.e e64ense of -eat as 0e** as t.e e6tra effort re5)ired to 4re4are and eat it -eans t.at -an+ o*der 4eo4*e do 0it.o)t it/ T.is can res)*t in anae-ia and *o0 4rotein *eve*s in t.e 3*ood/ O*der 4eo4*e often find refined for-s of grain easier to c.e0 t.an t.e .ig. fi3re for-s of t.e sa-e foods/ T.is -a+ *ead to an inade5)ate fi3re inta1e2 0.ic. can *ead to consti4ation/ Br)it and vegeta3*es can 3e diffic)*t for an o*der 4erson to 4re4are and c.e0/ T.ere is a tendenc+ to overcoo1 vegeta3*es to -a1e t.e- soft 3)t t.is ro3s t.e- of -)c. of t.eir n)tritiona* va*)e/ A 1e+ n)tritiona* factor t.at is often over*oo1ed is t.e signs of de.+dration/ Idea**+ a 4erson s.o)*d drin1 eig.t 'A, g*asses of f*)id 4er da+/ If a 4erson .as d+s4.agia '4ro3*e-s s0a**o0ing, t.eir f*)ids -a+ .ave to 3e t.ic1ened/ Peo4*e froot.er c)*t)ra* gro)4s -a+ .ave diffic)*t+ eating )nfa-i*iar foods/ Bor e6a-4*e2 a 4erson 0.o .as rice as a sta4*e -a+ find 4otato distastef)*/ T.is can *ead to an i-3a*ance in t.eir diet/ !an+ e*der*+ 4eo4*e do not ta1e eno)g. f*)id/ !an+ cons)-e *arge 5)antities of tea and coffee2 3ot. of 0.ic. ca)se de.+dration/ 7o) can assist t.e 4erson if t.e+ need .e*4 0it. eating 3+ -a1ing s)re t.e food is attractive and served at t.e correct te-4erat)re/
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Fee3ing t.e Resi3ent 5emember to: Cnoc1 3efore entering t.e resident=s roo Address t.e resident 3+ na-e Introd)ce +o)rse*f 3+ na-e and tit*e PreB-r+,e30re2 E64*ain t.e 4roced)re to t.e resident $as. .ands Position t.e resident in a co-forta3*e sitting 4osition Bring t.e tra+ into t.e roo- or t.e dining roo-/ P*ace it on t.e overF3ed ta3*e or dining ta3*e Pr+,e30re: Identif+ t.e resident Dra4e t.e c*ot.es 4rotector 'na41in, over t.e resident=s c.est and )nder t.eir c.in Pre4are t.e food for eating Te** t.e resident 0.at foods are on t.e tra+ Serve foods in t.e order t.e resident 4referred/ A*ternate 3et0een so*id and *i5)id foods/ se a s4oon/ A**o0 eno)g. ti-e for c.e0ing/ Do not r)s. t.e resident se stra0s for *i5)id if t.e resident cannot drin1 fro- a g*ass or c)4/ se different stra0 for eac. different *i5)id/ Provide a s.ort stra0 for 0ea1er residents/ Do not )se stra0s for d+s4.agic residents/ Dive t.ic1ened f*)ids 0it. a s4oon Converse 0it. t.e residents 0.i*e feeding Enco)rage resident to eat as -)c. as 4ossi3*e $i4e t.e resident=s -o)t. 0it. t.e na41in as needed "ote .o0 -)c. and 0.ic. foods are eaten 0.en t.e 4erson .as finis.ed eating !eas)re and record inta1e 0.ere re5)ired Re-ove t.e tra+ Ret)rn t.e resident to t.eir roo Provide ora* .+giene P+st Pr+,e30re2 Provide for co-fort P*ace t.e residents ca** 3e** 0it.in reac. Raise or *o0er 3ed rai*s 'if a resident is in 3ed, Bo**o0 t.e care 4*an $as. .ands Re4ort o3servations to t.e R" T.e a-o)nt and 1ind of food eaten Co-4*aints of na)sea or d+s4.agia Signs of as4iration Re-e-3er t.at -ea* ti-es can 3e e-3arrassing to residents in 4artic)*ar if t.e+ are not a3*e to 0i4e )4 s4i**s or if t.eir face is *eft dirt+/ T.is needs to 3e done 0it. -ini-)- f)ss and to ens)re t.e c*ients;residents dignit+ and res4ect is -aintained at a** ti-es/
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!etting t.e Resi3ent rea3/ *+r )eals Re)e)1er t+2 Cnoc1 3efore entering t.e resident=s roo Address t.e resident 3+ na-e Introd)ce +o)rse*f 3+ na-e and tit*e PreB-r+,e30re2 E64*ain to t.e resident t.at it is -ea*ti-e $as. .and '+o)rs and t.e residents, Co**ect t.e fo**o0ing: E5)i4-ent for ora* .+giene Bed4an or )rina* and toi*et tiss)e $as.3asin Soa4 $as.c*ot. To0e* D*oves Provide 4rivac+ Pr+,e30re2 !a1e s)re t.e resident=s e+eg*asses and .earing aids are in 4*ace Assist 0it. ora* .+giene/ !a1e s)re dent)res are in 4*ace Offer t.e 3ed4an or )rina*2 or assist t.e resident to t.e toi*et/ Ens)re t.e incontinent residents are dr+ and c*ean He*4 resident 0it. .and 0as.ing Provide t.e fo**o0ing for 3ed 3o)nd residents: Raise t.e .ead of t.e 3ed to a co-forta3*e sitting 4osition Position t.e overF3ed ta3*e in front of t.e residentF-a1e s)re it is c*ean P*ace t.e ca** 3)tton in reac. nscreen t.e resident Pr+5i3e t.e *+ll+9ing *+r resi3ents 9.+ ,+0l3 sit in a ,.air : !a1e s)re t.e resident is co-forta3*e in a c.air or 0.ee*c.air Re-ove ite-s fro- t.e over 3ed ta3*e/ !a1e s)re it is c*ean Position t.e over 3ed ta3*e in front of t.e resident 9 ad8)st t.e .eig.t as needed P*ace t.e ca** 3)tton in reac. nscreen t.e resident Assist resident in s4ecia* dining 4rogra-s to t.e correct dining *ocation P+st Pr+,e30re2 Ret)rn to t.e roo C*ean and ret)rn e5)i4-ent to its 4ro4er 4*ace Straig.ten t.e roo-2 e*i-inate )n4*easant odo)r2 noise or e5)i4-ent $as. .ands H+9 3+ 9e assist 9it. in,+ntinen,e7 $.erever 4ossi3*e t.e 4erson s.o)*d 3e enco)raged to -aintain t.eir inde4endence/ T.e carer can assist 3+ -a1ing s)re t.at an+ e5)i4-ent or assistance t.at t.e 4erson re5)ires is readi*+ avai*a3*e/ In o)r c)*t)re2 going to t.e toi*et is so-et.ing t.at is done in 4rivate/ T.is is 4art of t.e conditioning t.at 0e )ndergo 0.en 0e are toi*etFtrained/ T.is affects o)r 3*adder and 3o0e* .a3its/ !an+ 4eo4*e si-4*+ can=t go if t.e+ are o)t of t.eir nor-a* environ-ent2 in a 4)3*ic toi*et for e6a-4*e2 or if so-eone e*se is 4resent/ $e tend to disregard t.is factor 0.en 0e are dea*ing 0it. aged care 4eo4*e/ It is e6tre-e*+ i-4ortant t.at t.e 4erson=s 4rivac+ is -aintained d)ring toi*eting/ So-e o*der 4eo4*e e64erience )rinar+ incontinence '*ac1 of contro* of t.e 3*adder,/ In aged care services2 t.e -ost co--on*+ )sed -et.od of continence -anage-ent invo*ves t.e )se of 4rotective c*ot.ing and
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4ads/ T.e carer 4rovides t.e essentia* assistance to t.e 4erson -aintaining 4ersona* co-fort2 c*ean*iness and dignit+/ Pa3s 3+ n+t re-la,e t+ileting Peo4*e s.o)*d 3e on a reg)*ar toi*eting ro)nd and s.o)*d 3e enco)raged to tr+ to go to t.e toi*et regard*ess of t.e 4ad/ Pads are designed to address se*fFconfidence and t.e accidents associated 0it. incontinence/ C.anges in continence 4atterns in t.e e*der*+ fre5)ent*+ indicate an a*teration in t.eir genera* .ea*t.2 so it is i-4ortant t.at an+ c.ange is re4orted to a44ro4riate staff for fo**o0 )4/ T.e ,.anges /+0 s.+0l3 re-+rt are2B F+r 0rinar/ in,+ntinen,e2 C.ange in co*o)r C.ange in odo)r C.ange in fre5)enc+ or )rgenc+ for t.e 4erson;c*ient B*ood in t.e )rine Pain or disco-fort 0it. )rination F+r *ae,al in,+ntinen,e2 An+ c.ange in fre5)enc+ or consistenc+ B*ood in t.e faeces Ina3i*it+ to o4en 3o0e* 9 +o) s.o)*d 3e re4orting 3o0e* in 4rogress notes and t.e R" 0i** 4ic1 )4 t.e first signs of consti4ation and address t.eBaeca* incontinence occ)rs *ess co--on*+ t.an )rinar+ incontinence/ T.e -a8or ca)se of incontinence of faeces is consti4ation/ Over )se of *a6atives 0.en treating consti4ation can ca)se incontinence of faeces/ If consti4ation is over*oo1ed or not a44ro4riate*+ treated2 t.e 4erson -a+ 3eco-e so consti4ated t.at t.ere is *ea1age of *i5)id faeces aro)nd t.e consti4ated -ass in t.e 3o0e*/ T.is often gives t.e i-4ression t.at t.e 4erson .as diarr.oea/ T.e 3est 0a+ to avoid t.ese 4ro3*e-s is to 4revent consti4ation/ T.is can 3e diffic)*t in t.e e*der*+ 3eca)se t.e+ e64erience c.anges in t.e digestive s+ste- 0.ic. -a1es consti4ation -ore *i1e*+/ T.eir diet often *ac1s fi3re/ T.e+ fre5)ent*+ do not .ave ade5)ate f*)id inta1e and t.e+ -a+ not 3e active or do an+ for- of reg)*ar e6ercise/ Ways to 'revent consti'ation in aged 'ersons2 !aintain .ig. fi3re inta1e !aintain f*)id inta1e Enco)rage 4.+sica* e6ercise Enco)rage 4e*vic f*oor e6ercises De*iver a3do-ina* -assage to t.ose 4ersons;c*ients )na3*e to 4artici4ate in e6ercise C+ntinen,e )anage)ent /rinary incontinence: Continence refers to a 4erson=s a3i*it+ to contro* t.e )se of t.eir 3*adder and 3o0e*s/ Incontinence -eans t.e *oss of t.is contro*/ Incontinence can deve*o4 in 4eo4*e of a** ages 3)t it occ)rs -ore co--on*+ in t.e o*der ad)*t/ T.is is often as a res)*t of a decrease in -o3i*it+ or a *oss of de6terit+2 0.ic. -a1es it diffic)*t for t.e o*der 4erson to get to t.e toi*et and to )ndo c*ot.ing/ !an+ disease 4rocesses and -edications can add to t.e 4ro3*e-/ Incontinence is a so)rce of great e-3arrass-ent for 4eo4*e/ Toi*et training is one of t.e -ost 4o0erf)* conditioning 4rocesses t.at 0e )ndergo 0.en 0e are c.i*dren/ I-agine .o0 +o) 0o)*d fee* if +o) 0ere )na3*e to contro* +o)r 3*adder or 3o0e*s in a 4)3*ic 4*ace/ As a res)*t of incontinence2 -an+ o*der 4eo4*e 0i** iso*ate t.e-se*ves rat.er t.an ris1 e-3arrass-ent/ Incontinent 4eo4*e often s)ffer 0it. *o0 se*fFestee- and 4oor 3od+ i-age/ Researc. .as s)ggested t.at one ad)*t in ever+ 200 e64eriences a 4ro3*e- 0it. incontinence and ?0R of 4eo4*e in 4s+c.iatric faci*ities e64erience incontinence 4ro3*e-s :S.a9 1""1; 1nvoluntary urine loss is a ma7or cause of concern for all health care %orkers because it can:
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Ca)se -)c. 4ersona* distress and s)ffering Indicate a serio)s )nder*+ing .ea*t. 4ro3*e Ca)se an o*der 4erson=s ad-ission to a residentia* faci*it+ Be i-4roved and in so-e cases c)red :S.a9 1""1;

T.ere are fo)r -a8or t+4es of incontinence: Urge in,+ntinen,e: Is t.e invo*)ntar+ *oss of )rine ')s)a**+ ?0 -*, associated 0it. a strong desire to void/ In t.is case2 t.ere is an a3i*it+ to sto4 voiding after t.e sensation of 3*adder f)**ness is fe*t/ Stress in,+ntinen,e2 Is t.e invo*)ntar+ *oss of )rine ')s)a**+ *ess t.an ?0 -*, 0.ic. occ)rs 0.en t.ere is a *ac1 of -)sc*e tone and t.e 3*adder 4ress)re is stronger t.an t.e -)sc*e 4ress)re/ Re*le4 in,+ntinen,e: Occ)rs 0.en t.ere is a 4ro3*e- 0it. -essages t.ro)g. t.e nervo)s s+ste-/ T.e 4erson *ooses t.e fee*ing of f)**ness in t.e 3*adder te**ing t.e- t.e+ need to void/ O5er*l+9 in,+ntinen,e: )rine/ Occ)rs 0.en t.e 3*adder 3eco-es too f)** ca)sing an invo*)ntar+ *oss of
S+)e ,+))+n 3r0gs ,an )a?e in,+ntinen,e 9+rse2 Di)retics Sedatives Tric+c*ic antiFde4ressants C.o*inergic #it.i) Co*d and; f*) -edications ny 'eo'le8clients taking these drugs may e&'erience increased incontinence. T.e goa* of continence -anage-ent is to assist t.e o*der 4erson to reac. and -aintain t.eir o4ti-)- *eve* of continence/ T.is -a+ -ean correction of t.e 4ro3*e- or *earning to *ive effective*+ des4ite t.e 4resence of incontinence/ Dr+ness is not t.e on*+ -eas)re of s)ccess/ Avoiding accidents2 e*i-ination of odo)r and red)ced 4.+sica* and -enta* stress2 red)ced financia* o)t*a+ and increased socia* interactions s.o)*d 3e t.e goa* of s)ccessf)* continence -anage-ent/ A n)-3er of strategies co--on*+ )sed are: B*adder training 4rogra-s #ifest+*e c.anges !edication revie0 Environ-enta* -odifications Pe*vic f*oor e6ercises S)rger+ Aids and c*ot.ing Fae,al in,+ntinen,e T.ere is no indication t.at faeca* incontinence is re*ated to age2 .o0ever2 it often occ)rs in co-3ination 0it. )rinar+ incontinence/ T.is is one of t.e 0orst .)-an conditions/ It is .)-i*iating and e-3arrassing for 3ot. t.e individ)a* and t.e fa-i*+/ It is )n4*easant for carers/ T.ere is e6tre-e socia* stig-a associated 0it. t.e 4ro3*e-2 so it is ver+ i-4ortant t.at t.e 4ro3*e- 3e corrected or t.e conse5)ences are overco-e/ Contro* of t.e 3o0e* re*ies on a n)-3er of factors2 inc*)ding a good nervo)s s+steFae,al in,+ntinen,e )a/ 1e 30e t+2 #oca*ised disease of t.e rect) So-e nervo)s disorders Ps+c.o*ogica* d+sf)nction 'rare*+, Ter-ina* disease
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S+)e 3r0gs ,an ,+ntri10te t+ *ae,al in,+ntinen,e2 P)rgatives C.ronic 4re4arations Anti3iotics 4ome diseases of the central nervous system related to faecal incontinence are: De-entia Dia3etic ne)ro4at.+ !)*ti4*e sc*erosis S+)e -r+1le)s 9it. t.e gastr+intestinal s/ste) )a/ ,a0se *ae,al in,+ntinen,e in +l3 age2 Carcino-a co*on Carcino-a rect) Crone=s disease !)*ti4*e sc*erosis Divertic)*itis Biss)re in an)s Bist)*ae Ac)te gastroenteritis I-4acted faeces Inco-4etent ana* s4.incter Isc.e-ic co*itis S)rgica**+ da-aged s4.incter *cerative co*itis Certain en5ir+n)ental *a,t+rs )a/ ,+ntri10te t+ *ae,al ,+nsti-ati+n2 #ac1 of 4rivac+ for toi*et activities2 0.ic. -a+ .ave 4rofo)nd 4s+c.o*ogica* i-4*ications Tr+ing to )se a 3ed4an 0.i*e *+ing f*at in 3ed 0.ic. can -a1e defecation a*-ost i-4ossi3*e Red)ced -o3i*it+ 0.ic. co)*d 4revent access to toi*et or interfere 0it. co-forta3*e 4ost)re for defecation !anage-ent of faeca* incontinence is ver+ i-4ortant 3eca)se of t.e 4rofo)nd i-4act on t.e *ife of t.e o*der 4erson2 t.eir fa-i*+ and carers/ !anage-ent )s)a**+ inc*)des: Ta1ing a .istor+ of t.e 4ro3*e- and t.e i-4act it is .aving on t.e 4erson2 t.e fa-i*+ and t.e carers2 4artic)*ar*+ if t.e -ain 4ro3*e- is de-entia A -edica* assess-ent to e6c*)de disease !enta* and 4s+c.o*ogica* assess-ent to c.ec1 for conf)sion or de4ression Ps+c.o*ogica* e6a-ination $.en an incontinent event occ)rs2 t.e e*der*+ 4erson s.o)*d 3e assisted to 0as.2 rinse and dr+ t.e area2 and to c.ange c*ot.ing and *inen if necessar+/ T.e 4erson s.o)*d 3e treated 0it. dignit+ and res4ect at a** ti-es/ Beca)se faeca* incontinence can 3e stressf)* for t.e carers of t.e 4erson2 carers s.o)*d 3e a3*e to o3tain re*ief and s)44ort/ H+9 3+ 9e assist 9it. )+1ilit/ an3 e4er,ise7 As t.e .)-an 3od+ ages2 t.e -)sc)*arFs1e*eta* s+ste- )ndergoes severa* c.anges/ T.ere is a decrease in -)sc*e 3)*1 res)*ting in red)ced -)sc*e strengt./ T.ere is a*so a *oss of -)sc*e tone/ T.e 8oints 3eco-e *ess f*e6i3*e/ T.e -)sc*es 3eco-e *ess f*e6i3*e and t.ere is an increased incidence in degenerative disease 'art.ritis,2 0.ic. toget.er .as t.e effect of restricting -ove-ent/ T.ese c.anges can res)*t in a grad)a* dec*ine in t.e -o3i*it+ of t.e aged 4erson/ nfort)nate*+2 t.e *ess active t.e 4erson is2 t.e -ore ra4id*+ t.ese c.anges can 4rogress/ T.e 3est 0a+ to s*o0 t.e 4rogression of t.ese c.anges is 3+ reg)*ar 4.+sica* activit+/ As 0e** as .aving -ar1ed 4.+sica* 3enefits2 activit+ and e6ercise a*so 4ro-ote a genera* sense of 0e**F3eing and can .e*4 to
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i-4rove s*ee4 4atterns/ E6ercise and activities a*so ena3*e t.e 4erson to 4)rs)e t.eir 4referred dai*+ activities/ H+9 3+es )e3i,ati+n relate t+ t.e -ers+ns nee3s7 A4art fro- disease and its effects2 and *oss of -o3i*it+2 -edications can .ave a 4ositive or negative i-4act on a 4erson=s ca4acit+ for dai*+ *iving/ !edicines2 0.et.er 4rescri3ed or 3o)g.t over t.e co)nter2 can ca)se 4ro3*e-s for o*der 4eo4*e2 es4ecia**+2 if t.e 4erson is *iving a*one2 forgetf)*2 or are residents in care faci*ities/ !an+ e*der*+ 4eo4*e s)ffer fro- -an+ i**nesses at t.e sa-e ti-e/ T.is -eans t.at t.e+ can 3e ta1ing -an+ different -edications at t.e sa-e ti-e/ If t.e 4erson a*so 3)+s t.eir o0n offFt.eFs.e*f -edications and ta1es t.e- 0it. t.eir 4rescri3ed -edicines2 t.en t.e co-3inations can res)*t in adverse reactions and side effects/ A0R of 4eo4*e ad-itted to .os4ita* are )s)a**+ receiving dr)g t.era4+ and a3o)t oneFt.ird of e*der*+ 4eo4*e receive fo)r to si6 different dr)gs at an+ one ti-e/ In 4eo4*e over A02 to6ic dr)g *eve*s are *i1e*+ to occ)r and t.e n)-3er of e*der*+ 4eo4*e ad-itted to .os4ita* 3eca)se of dr)g ind)ced ca)ses is e6tensive F re4orted*+ aro)nd 12R in a** 4ersons over &? :S.a9 1""%;. T.ere -)st 3e c*ose *iaison 3et0een t.e -edica* 4ractitioner2 t.e carer and t.e aged care 4erson to ens)re -onitoring of a** dr)g t.era4ies/ !an+ o*der 4eo4*e .ave diffic)*t+ tr+ing to -anage t.eir dr)g regi-ens/ Poor co-4*iance is co--on2 so-eti-es d)e to *ac1 of )nderstanding/ So-e o*der 4eo4*e .ave -e-or+ 4ro3*e-s/ It .as 3een fo)nd t.at 2?R of e*der*+ 4eo4*e are )na3*e to -anage a sc.ed)*e of -ore t.an t.ree dr)gs/ I-4aired vision can 3e a 4ro3*e- 0it. t.e o*der 4erson .aving diffic)*t+ reading t.e *a3e*s/ T.ese da+s2 a *ot of dr)gs .ave different si<es and co*o)rs to .e*4 t.e e*der*+ -anage t.eir regi-e/ Pac1aging of dr)gs can a*so conf)se so-e o*der 4eo4*e and getting access to t.e dr)gs 0it. 3)33*e 4ac1aging or c.i*dF 4roof containers can ca)se 4ro3*e-s for 4eo4*e 0it. severe art.ritis/ Ever+ aged care faci*it+ o4erates )nder severa* areas of *egis*ation 0it. regard to t.e -anage-ent2 storage2 ad-inistration and dis4osa* of restricted and )nrestricted -edications/ !edications of one 1ind or anot.er .ave 3een )sed since disease first 4*ag)ed .)-an1ind/ !edications a*0a+s .ave 3een2 and a*0a+s 0i** 3e2 an integra* 4art of o)r .ea*t. care s+ste-/ T.ere are severa* as4ects of t.is t.at are *aced 0it. danger/ Birst*+2 -edication is designed for +o)ng 3odies and t.ere is often a fai*)re to ta1e into acco)nt t.e 4.+sio*ogica* as4ects of ageing/ Second*+2 as 0e are socia*ised -ore and -ore into t.e L4i** 4o44ing= -indset2 0e see1 -edications to so*ve ever+t.ing fro- co--)nication disorders to o*d age/ T.is is tota**+ )nrea*istic/ E*der*+ 4eo4*e are .ig.*+ 4rone to adverse dr)g reactions 3+ virt)e of t.e ageing 4rocess and -edica* 4rescri3ing .a3its/ !an+ of t.e adverse dr)g reactions -i-ic or en.ance t.e 3e.avio)rs often seen in de-entia/ A*terations in t.o)g.t 4rocesses are ver+ co--on adverse side effects of -edication )se in t.e e*der*+/ As a carer2 +o) -a+ need to 3e a0are of t.e 4.+sica* signs of ina44ro4riate )se of -edication and t.e )ne64ected effects of -edication/ So-e signs and effects are: A*teration in )rinar+ e*i-ination Retention Incontinence Overf*o0 consti4ation re*ated to s*o0ed intestina* -o3i*it+ A*teration of s1in integrit+ I-4aired 4.+sica* -o3i*it+ A*teration in sensor+ 4erce4tion A*teration in n)trition In G)eens*and2 t.e 4ri-ar+ *egis*ation governing restricted and )nrestricted dr)gs is: Healt. Reg0lati+n 1""% :Cl3; Healt. :Dr0gs an3 P+is+ns; Reg0lati+n 1""% :Cl3; T.ese 4rovide g)ide*ines to )sers/ Co--on0ea*t. organisations2 inc*)ding t.e "ationa* Hea*t. and !edica* Researc. Co)nci*2 .ave t.e res4onsi3i*it+ of a44roving a** dr)gs for )se in A)stra*ia/ As 4art of t.is *egis*ation2 eac. faci*it+ ad-inistering -edication -)st .ave an organisationa* 4o*ic+ and 4roced)res/ So-e 4eo4*e -a+ .ave t.e rig.t to se*fFad-inister t.eir o0n -edication/
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So-e tas1s t.at +o) 0i** )nderta1e 0.i*st 4roviding 4ersona* care s)44ort to c*ients -a+ invo*ve .e*4ing 0it. or carr+ing o)t tec.nica* tas1s/ T.ere is a *i-ited range of tas1s t.at +o) 0i** 3e 4er-itted to carr+ o)t and +o) 0i** 3e ta)g.t .o0 to )nderta1e t.ese/ C.ec1 0it. eac. faci*it+ as it 0i** var+ fro- one faci*it+ to anot.er/ In so-e cases +o) -a+ need to )se ite-s fro- t.e first aid 1it/ If +o) are 0or1ing in a 4erson=s .o-e +o) -a+ need to 3ring +o)r o0n 1it in case t.e individ)a* doesn=t -a+ .ave one/ C.e,?ing +r ,.anging a 3ressing A c*ient +o) are 4roviding s)44ort to -a+ .ave a dressing over a 0o)nd/ T.e 0o)nd -ig.t 3e a -inor c)t or a3rasion 'sore, or a *arger 0o)nd/ Dressings 4rotect t.e 0o)nd fro- infection and 1noc1s/ If +o) need to c.ange a dressing +o) 0i** need to: 1/ $ear g*oves 2/ Cee4 t.e area aro)nd t.e 0o)nd c*ean 3/ Dis4ose of an+ o*d dressings as 4er g)ide*ines >/ Bo**o0 instr)ctions of .ea*t. care 4rofessiona*s ?/ O3serve2 record and re4ort if t.ere are an+ c.anges or signs t.at t.e 0o)nd *oo1s different &/ Record 0.at +o) .ave done and re4ort an+ 4ro3*e-s A*0a+s disc)ss an+ 4ro3*e-s 0it. +o)r s)4ervisor/ Cat.eter ,are C*ients 0.o are )na3*e to contro* t.eir 3*adder -a+ re5)ire a cat.eter/ T.ese 4eo4*e -a+ inc*)de t.ose 0it. -)*ti4*e sc*erosis2 4ara4*egic2 4rostate cancer or si-i*ar/ ONL< a -edica* 4rofessiona* is a3*e to insert or re-ove cat.eter/ 7o) 0i** not 3e as1ed to do t.is and +o) -)st never offer or atte-4t t.is/ '$ear g*oves at a** ti-es 0.en .and*ing a cat.eter/, 7o) -a+ 3e re5)ired to care for t.e cat.eter: C.ec1 for an+ signs of 4ro3*e-s2 *ea1ing or da-age to t.e t)3e or 3ag O3serve if t.e cat.eter is in t.e rig.t 4*ace Ens)ring t.e area aro)nd t.e cat.eter is c*ean E-4t+ing 3ag t.ro)g. a s-a** ta4 Re4*acing 3ag Assisting c*ient to c.ange c*ot.es aro)nd cat.eter Be care t.at +o) do not do da-age to t.e cat.eter/ Do not 4)** Do not 1noc1 it Be sensitive and 4rivate in a** +o)r dea*ings 0it. t.e c*ient as t.is is a ver+ 4rivate sit)ation/ Pr+st.eses T.ese are )sed 0.en c*ients .ave 3od+ 4arts -issing/ Ever+ 4rost.esis is different as it is designed for t.e individ)a*/ T.e c*ient is t.e 3est 4erson to te** +o) a3o)t t.eir 4rost.esis/ Denera**+ t.ere 0i** 3e a soc1 or stoc1ing over t.e st)-4 and +o) s.o)*d -a1e s)re t.e stoc1ing is c*ean and dr+E t.at t.ere are no 0rin1*es and t.at it fits co-forta3*+/ AntiBt.r+)1+ti, st+,?ings So-eti-es o*der 4eo4*e and 4eo4*e 0it. disa3i*ities -a+ 0ear s4ecia* stoc1ings on t.eir *egs for -edica* reasons s)c. as dee4 vein t.ro-3osis 'DVT,/ AntiFt.ro-3otic stoc1ings t.at fit tig.t*+ over t.e 3are *eg -a+ 3e 0orn a** t.e ti-e or for a fe0 0ee1s/ T.ese are .ard to 4)t on and -)st 3e in t.e rig.t 4*ace2 co-forta3*e and 0it.o)t 0rin1*es or creases in t.e-/ Breat.ing 3e5i,es O*der 4eo4*e or 4eo4*e 0it. disa3i*ities -a+ re5)ire e5)i4-ent to .e*4 t.e- 3reat.e/ A 4erson s)ffering fro- e-4.+se-a -a+ need to )se an o6+gen s)44*+ a** t.e ti-e to increase o6+gen s)44*+/ Ast.-a s)ffers -a+ re5)ire a ne3)*iser to in.a*e -edication to .e*4 t.e- 0.en t.e+ are .aving tro)3*e 3reat.ing
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7o) 0i** 3e s.o0n .o0 to )se t.e 4ieces of e5)i4-ent 3+ a .ea*t. 4rofessiona*/ T.ere 0i** 3e detai*s in t.e care 4*an/ 7o)r ro*e -a+ 3e 8)st to assist t.e 4erson to fit t.eir -as1 or 4*)g t.e -ac.ine into t.e 4o0er 4oint/ Si)-le e/e ,are It is i-4ortant to rea*ise t.at e+es -)st 3e treated 0it. care and can easi*+ 3e da-aged/ An+t.ing t.at gets into t.e e+e can ca)se da-age/ Often a 0i4e 0it. a c*ean2 da-4 cotton 4ad or rinsing 0it. 0ater 0i** 3e s)fficient to treat -inor e+e 4ro3*e-s/ A*0a+s 0i4e e+es once on*+ 0it. a sing*e c*ot. fro- t.e inside to o)tside/ #arge foreign o38ects in t.e e+e -a+ need -edica* attention/ "ever tr+ to re-ove an o38ect if in do)3t/ C*ean c*ient=s g*asses and enco)rage reg)*ar e+e c.ec1s/
C#ARIB7I"D DIBBIC #TIES I" !EETI"D A C#IE"T=S "EEDS

$.i*e it is i-4ortant t.e 0or1ers 4rovide assistance to c*ients as directed in t.e 4ersona* care 4*an t.ere are occasions 0.en it is diffic)*t to -eet t.e c*ient=s needs/ Diffic)*ties +o) -a+ enco)nter Organisationa* *i-itations 7o)r o0n s1i**s and 1no0*edge Care 4*an C*ient=s 3e.avio)r2 4references or a3i*ities On so-e occasions t.e service 0i** not .ave t.e ca4acit+ to cater for t.e c*ient=s needs/ 7o) s.o)*d a*0a+s infor- +o)r s)4ervisor of t.e identified need so t.at t.e 4rocess of referra* can co--ence/ If +o)r c*ient=s care 4*an de-onstrates t.at t.ere is a need t.at +o) cannot -eet t.en +o) s.o)*d to ta*1 to +o)r s)4ervisor to .ave t.e c*ient assessed/ If +o) are .aving diffic)*t+ 0it. dea*ing 0it. a need as +o) do not .ave t.e 1no0*edge or s1i**s2 t.en +o) 0i** re5)ire training so disc)ss t.is 0it. +o)r s)4ervisor/ If +o) are .aving diffic)*t+ t.e sit)ation s.o)*d 3e assessed in order to esta3*is. t.e c*ient=s 3e.avio)r2 4references or a3i*ities2 assess t.e sit)ation and t.e reason 3e.ind t.e diffic)*t+/ If +o) are a3*e to de*iver t.e re5)ired s)44ort to t.e c*ient and sti** res4ond to t.e 3e.avio)r or 4reference t.en ada4t to s)44ort t.e c*ient/ If )na3*e to dea* 0it. t.e sit)ation contact +o)r s)4ervisor/ $.en enco)ntering diffic)*ties cons)*t t.e c*ient and tr+ to invo*ve t.e- in deter-ining t.eir needs and 4*anning t.eir s)44ort/ T.is can assist if t.e c*ient can 4rovide a tr)e acco)nt of t.eir diffic)*ties Res-+n3 t+ sit0ati+ns +* ris? +r -+tential ris? t+ t.e age3 -ers+n 9it.in 9+r? r+le an3 s?ill le5el 6.at are t.e ris?s +r -+tential ris?s t+ an age3 -ers+n7 Ris1 is a sit)ation 0.ic. .as t.e 4otentia* to create a .a<ard to a 4erson=s .ea*t.2 safet+2 or 0e**F3eing/ Ris1s t.at occ)r -a+ 3e 4.+sio*ogica*2 4s+c.o*ogica*2 e-otiona* or environ-enta*/ Ris1s are fo)nd in a** environ-ents/ Ho0ever2 t.e a-o)nt of act)a* ris1 to an aged 4erson 0i** var+2 de4ending on t.e 4artic)*ar environ-ent and on t.e n)-3er of 4ersonne* and c.ec1s in 4*ace to -onitor and -ini-ise ris1/ Peo4*e 0.o are ageing -a+ 3e at ris1 of so-e of t.e fo**o0ing: Infection Ba**ing Detting *ost In8)r+ P.+sica* a3)se E*der a3)se T.e ris? +* in*e,ti+n As a 4erson ages2 t.e+ often 3eco-e *ess -o3i*e and t.eir 3od+ f)nctions -a+ 3e affected/ At t.e sa-e ti-e2 t.e 4ossi3i*it+ of -edica* conditions s)c. as .eart disease2 dia3etes2 or de-entia increases/ Bor so-e 4eo4*e2 4ro3*e-s of incontinence -a+ *ead to )rinar+ tract infections/ Ot.er areas of concern for infections are t.e aged 4erson=s feet and *egs/ T.e aged 4erson -a+ no *onger 3e a3*e to attend to t.eir
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o0n feet and *egs/ Corns2 ca**)ses2 3)nions and ingro0n toenai*s can 3eco-e 4otentia* infection ris1s/ Reg)*ar attention to foot .+giene 3+ 4odiatrists can -ini-ise t.ese ris1s/ S1in tears on t.e *egs and feet can a*so .ave serio)s conse5)ences/ T.in2 fragi*e s1in co-3ined 0it. 4oor 4eri4.era* circ)*ation contri3)te to a .ig. ris1 of even t.e s-a**est s1in tear deve*o4ing into a *ong ter4ro3*e- 3eca)se of infection and a f)rt.er red)ction in -o3i*it+/ Providing H4addingI 3+ 3andaging t.e *egs -a+ red)ce t.e ris1 of s1in tears2 3)t 3andaged *egs are not genera**+ vis)a**+ attractive so -an+ s)sce4ti3*e aged 4ersons c.oose to acce4t t.e ris1 rat.er t.an 0ear t.e 4reventative 4adding/ T.e ris? +* *alling T.ere are -an+ factors t.at contri3)te to t.e ver+ .ig. ris1 of fa**s/ T.ese inc*)de:

Poor sig.t and .earing Decreased -o3i*it+ and agi*it+ !an+ 4rescri3ed -edications .ave side effects s)c. as *ig.tF.eadedness and f*)ct)ating 3*ood 4ress)re E6isting -edica* condition2 e/g/ .ig. or *o0 3*ood 4ress)re2 e4i*e4s+2 severe osteo4orosis '-an+ fa**s are 3e*ieved to 3e t.e res)*t of s4ontaneo)s fract)re of t.e .i4/ i/e/2 t.e severe*+ 0ea1ened .i4 3one 3rea1s2 4er.a4s 3eca)se of so-et.ing as si-4*e as a snee<e2 and t.is ca)ses t.e 4erson to fa**, "onFco-4*iance 0it. advice to )se -o3i*it+ aids2 e/g/2 0a*1ing stic1 or an ina44ro4riate )se of -o3i*it+ aids
Ot.er in@0ries Poor sig.t and .earing -a+ contri3)te to t.e 4erson=s ina3i*it+ to recognise defects in e*ectrica* and ot.er .o)se.o*d a44*iances/ Des4ite advice to t.e contrar+2 -an+ 0i** insist on )sing t.e a44*iances2 even t.o)g. +o) consider t.at it constit)tes a ris1 to t.e-/ It is sti** t.eir c.oice to )se t.e a44*iance 4roviding t.at it does not 4)t ot.ers at ris12 3)t it is 0it.in t.e d)t+ of care for +o) to ta,t*0ll/ 4oint o)t t.e 4otentia* ris1 of )sing fa)*t+ i-4*e-ents/ It -a+ in so-e cases 3e a44ro4riate to infor- t.e aged 4erson=s fa-i*+ of t.e ris1 invo*ved after cons)*tation 0it. t.e aged 4erson/ If t.ere is so-e do)3t a3o)t t.e aged 4erson=s a3i*it+ to )nderstand t.e ris12 +o) s.o)*d ta*1 0it. +o)r s)4ervisor a3o)t infor-ing t.e aged 4erson=s fa-i*+/ T.e aged 4erson -a+ .ave diffic)*t+ *earning .o0 to )se H-odern gadgetsI2 as t.e+ are often ca**ed/ In so-e cases2 tr+ing to co-e to ter-s 0it. t.e ne0 e5)i4-ent is often 5)ite frig.tening/ T.is is so 0it. -an+ 4eo4*e 3)t -ore 4artic)*ar*+ in t.e case of t.e aged/ It is a 4erson=s rig.t to contin)e to -a1e c.oices a3o)t t.eir o0n safet+/ In cases 0.ere t.e aged 4erson .as c.osen to ta1e t.e ris1 it is so-eti-es a 4o*ic+ of t.e 0or14*ace t.at t.e aged 4erson signs a for- to sa+ t.e+ .ave -ade t.at c.oice/ T.is re*ieves t.e 0or1er of t.eir res4onsi3i*it+ and de-onstrates t.at t.e 0or1er .as fo**o0ed t.e 4roced)re of infor-ing t.e aged 4erson a3o)t t.e ris1/ T.e ris? +* -./si,al a10se P.+sica* a3)se -a+ ta1e 4*ace in t.e aged 4erson=s .o-e and incidents of t.is are so-eti-es re4orted in t.e -edia/ Aged 4eo4*e are often defence*ess in sit)ations of vio*ent attac12 even 0.en reasona3*e 4reca)tions .ave 3een ta1en to 4rotect t.e-/ Ho0ever2 advice a3o)t si-4*e 4roced)res can i-4rove t.e sec)rit+ of t.e .o-e and t.e 4erson 0it.in it/ Bor e6a-4*e F t.e insta**ation of safet+ c.ains on doors and 4anic 3)ttons 'e-ergenc+ ca**ing s+ste-, -a+ increase safet+/ T.e aged 4erson co)*d 3e advised on si-4*e se*fFdefence strategies2 as 0e** as on t.e safe 1ee4ing of va*)a3*es/ T.ere is a*so an increased ris1 of 4.+sica* a3)se on e*der*+ residents of aged care faci*ities 3+ ot.er conf)sed residents/ St)dies .ave s.o0n t.at residents of faci*ities .ave great fear of )n4rovo1ed Hattac1sI2 )s)a**+ ver3a* a3)se2 3+ fe**o0 residents/ Staff -)st 3e vigi*ant to ens)re t.at conf)sed residents2 t.e-se*ves frig.tened 3+ events and environ-ents t.at are strange and so-eti-es t.reatening2 do not *as. o)t at ot.er residents 0.o- t.e+ 4erceive to 3e intr)ders in t.eir .o-es/
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E#DER AB SE
Definition T.e definition of e*der a3)se )sed 3+ t.e E*der A3)se Prevention nit is QAn+ act occ)rring 0it.in a re*ations.i4 0.ere t.ere is an i-4*ication of tr)st2 0.ic. res)*ts in .ar- to an o*der 4erson/ A3)se can inc*)de 4.+sica*2 se6)a*2 financia*2 4s+c.o*ogica* and socia* a3)se and;or neg*ectQ/ T.is definition 0as endorsed 3+ a** A)stra*ian states and Territories t.ro)g. t.e Hea*t.+ Ageing Tas1force 'HATB, on A Dece-3er 2000/ A 1e+ 4oint to note a3o)t t.is definition is t.e Oi-4*ication of tr)stO/ 4ome 1ssues E*der A3)se is a re*ative*+ recent ter- for a for- of -istreat-ent t.at2 in rea*it+2 is 8)st one 4art of a s4ectr)of vio*ence t.at occ)rs 0.en differences in 4o0er e6ist in re*ations.i4s 3et0een 4eo4*e/ Si-4*+ 4)t2 0.ere t.ere is an i-3a*ance of 4o0er in a re*ations.i42 t.ere is a ris1 of a3)se occ)rring fro- t.e do-inant 4erson or 4ersons/ T.ese 4o0er differences .ave 3een inter4reted2 4artic)*ar*+ in re*ation to do-estic vio*ence2 as t.e res)*t of *iving in a 4atriarc.a* 'or -a*e orientated societ+, 0.ere -a*es and -a*e va*)es do-inate/ T.is t+4e of gender ana*+sis of 4o0er and vio*ence can easi*+ 3e 8)stified 3+ noting t.at2 in a** age gro)4s2 t.e -a8orit+ of t.ose 3eing a3)sed are fe-a*e 0.i*e t.e a3)sers are -ain*+ -a*e/ Ho0ever2 t.is gendered vie0 of vio*ence and a3)se 3eco-es 3*)rred so-e0.at 0.en t.e a3)se occ)rs in o*der 4o4)*ations/ Even t.o)g. t.ere are -ore 0o-en t.an -en in o*der 4o4)*ations2 o*der 0o-en are sti** -ore *i1e*+ to 3e a3)sed t.an o*der -en/ A -a8or 1JJA incidence st)d+ cond)cted 3+ t.e "ationa* Centre on E*der A3)se '"CEAU, fo)nd t.at overa** a dis4ro4ortionate n)-3er of o*der 0o-en 0ere victi-s of a3)se co-4ared to -en2 a*t.o)g. o*der -en 0ere -ore *i1e*+ to 3e victi-s of a3andon-ent/ $o-en a*so re4resented near*+ .a*f '>@/?R, of t.e 4er4etrators of a3)se in t.is "CEA st)d+ 0.i*e ad)*t sons and da)g.ters co-3ined to create t.e sing*e 3iggest categor+ of a3)sers/ T.is 0o)*d s)ggest t.at t.ere are -ore factors t.an gender at 0or1 in e*der a3)se sit)ations/ Ot.er t.an gender2 age discri-ination F or OAgeis-O F is a factor t.at s.o)*d 3e considered 0.en disc)ssing a3)se in o*der 4o4)*ations/ Certain*+ in $estern societies t.ere a44ears to 3e a genera* negative attit)de to0ards ageing and o*der 4eo4*e2 a -anifestation of 0.ic. is t.e often 4atronising stereot+4es of o*der 4eo4*e 4ortra+ed 3+ t.e -edia/ T.ese attit)des create a ferti*e gro)nd for age discri-ination2 and *i1e an+ for- of discri-ination2 it deva*)es and dise-4o0ers t.e gro)4 it is directed against/ T.e e6isting discri-ination faced 3+ -inorit+ gro)4s a*so co-4o)nds t.e effects of ageis-/ Ot.er factors s)c. as *ang)age 3arriers2 access to c)*t)ra**+ a44ro4riate services2 *ac1 of a s)44ort infrastr)ct)re 0it.in so-e co--)nit+ gro)4s2 and so on2 -a1e detecting and res4onding a44ro4riate*+ to a3)se in t.ese co--)nities a -a8or c.a**enge/ R)ra* and re-ote co--)nities 0it.in G)eens*and 4resent anot.er set of c.a**enges associated 0it. distance2 avai*a3i*it+ and access to services2 and t.e )nderstated iss)e of -aintaining confidentia*it+ 0it.in s-a** co--)nit+ gro)4s/ N0triti+n Beca)se o)r 3odies are de4endent on t.e f*)id and n)trients 0e cons)-e ever+ da+ to -aintain )s at an acce4ta3*e f)nctioning *eve* in ever+t.ing 0e do2 good n)trition is a3so*)te*+ essentia* for e*der*+ 4eo4*e/ nfort)nate*+2 t.ere are -an+ factors 0.ic. 4revent e*der*+ 4eo4*e fro- -aintaining ade5)ate n)tritiona* *eve*s/ S)c. factors inc*)de: Poor ora* or denta* .+giene !edications2 0.ic. creates *oss of a44etite I**nesses2 s)c. as a vir)s or gastric 4ro3*e- 0.ic. -a1e it diffic)*t to eat De-entia2 0.ic. -a+ *ead to forgetting to eat De4ression2 0.ic. -a+ *ead to *ac1 of -otivation to eat #one*iness2 0.ic. -a+ *ead to *oss of a44etite Iso*ation 0.ic. -a+ *ed to *oss of confidence and -otivation to eat Re*igio)s or c)*t)ra* 3e*iefs 0.ic. -a+ 4revent t.e cons)-4tion of certain foods and restrict an aged 4erson=s diet Binancia* constraints
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E4a)-le2 In so-e sit)ations 0.ere t.e aged 4erson .as not 3een t.e 4rovider of -ea*s in t.e 4ast2 t.e+ -a+ not .ave t.e re5)ired 1no0*edge of food va*)es and 4re4aration s1i**s necessar+/ In so-e sit)ations t.ere -a+ 3e a n)-3er of t.ese factors 4resent at t.e sa-e ti-e/ E4a)-le2 !r/ Haro*do *ives a*one and is 4rovided 0it. dai*+ -ea*s 3+ L!ea*s on $.ee*s=/ He is *one*+ and iso*ated and stores .is food in t.e refrigerator 3eca)se .e does not 0is. to eat/ T.e ris? *+r Mr. Har+l3+ is t9+*+l32 He -a+ 3e a ris1 of -a*n)trition/ T.ere is ris1 of 4oisoning if t.e food is 1e4t too *ong and eaten 0.en it is 4ast its )se 3+ date/ T.e aged 4erson -a+ face increased 4otentia* ris1s de4ending on t.eir *iving arrange-ents2 financia* consideration2 and t.e *eve* of care given to t.e- and or t.eir -enta* and 4.+sica* condition/ T.ose aged 4eo4*e *iving 3+ t.e-se*ves in t.eir o0n .o-e -a+ 3e at ris1 fro- se*fF neg*ect2 es4ecia**+ in t.ose sit)ations 0.ere t.ere is no i--ediate fa-i*+ -e-3er s)44orting t.e-/ #one*iness and se*fFneg*ect -a+ 3e -ade 0orse 3+ t.e onset of ear*+ stages of de-entia and conse5)ent*+ t.e *i1e*i.ood of ris1s and dangers are -)*ti4*ied/
"DERSTA"D $HAT DID"IT7 OB RISC !EA"S

According to t.e o)tco-e standards2 it is eac. resident=s rig.ts to 4artici4ate in activities t.at -a+ invo*ve so-e 4ersona* ris1/ Ho0ever2 t.ese activities s.o)*d not 4)t ot.ers at ris1/ T.e conce4t of dignit+ of ris1 is often a diffic)*t one for t.e 0or1er/ It is 3ased on t.e idea t.at 4eo4*e .ave a rig.t to ta1e ris1s2 and to -a1e t.eir o0n decisions a3o)t t.e ris1/ So-e 1e+ 4oints are: Tr+ to )nderstand t.e sit)ation of 4otentia* ris1 fro- t.e 4oint of vie0 of t.e aged 4erson Infor- t.e aged 4erson a3o)t t.e ris1s invo*ved and t.e conse5)ences of ta1ing a ris1 T.e aged 4erson s.o)*d 3e enco)raged and s)44orted to for- t.eir o0n 8)dg-ent and -a1e decisions/ T.is res4ects t.e aged 4erson=s rig.t to ta1e t.e ris12 and t.is is 1no0n as t.e dignit+ of ris1/ 7o)r d)t+ of care in s)c. sit)ations is to ens)re t.e aged 4erson .as t.e re*evant infor-ation a3o)t t.e ris1 invo*ved and is a0are of t.e conse5)ences of t.e decision to ta1e t.e ris1/ E4a)-le2 !rs/ Eag*e .as dia3etes and 1no0s t.at s.e cannot eat crea- ca1e at -orning tea ti-e as it -a+ send .er 3*ood s)gar *eve*s )4/ S.e as1s +o) for a *arge 4iece of crea- ca1e/ 7o) infor- .er of t.e concern +o) .ave t.at .er 3*ood s)gar *eve*s -a+ rise if s.e eats t.e ca1e/ S.e ignores +o) and eats t.e ca1e an+0a+/ 7o) .ave infor-ed .er of t.e ris1s invo*ved/ T.e sit)ation is c*ear t.at s.e .as -ade t.e c.oice to eat t.e ca1e and ta1e t.e ris1/ In t.is case2 it -a+ 3e an a44ro4riate strateg+ in t.e f)t)re to avoid offering t.e ca1e to !rs/ Eag*e/ To -ini-ise t.e ris12 a s4ecific instr)ction -a+ 3e 0ritten into .er care 4*anE Hdo not dis4*a+ crea- ca1es on !rs/ Eag*e=s ta3*eI/ B+ identif+ing t.e ris1 and infor-ing !rs/ Eag*e of t.e ris1 0e .ave carried o)t a duty of care and .ave regard for .er rig.ts to ta1e ris1s/ At t.e sa-e ti-e 0e .ave res4onded to t.e incident and f)*fi**ed o)r o3*igation to t.e care 4*an/ And in *ine 0it. t.e care 4*an2 strategies .ave 3een 4)t in 4*ace to -ini-ise f)t)re ris1 sit)ations/
!AI"TAI"I"D C#IE"T CO"BIDE"TIA#IT72 PRIVAC7 A"D DID"IT7

T.e fo**o0ing is t.e standard 0.ic. addresses t.e -andator+ co-4*iance for residentia* aged care faci*ities in res4ect to 4rivac+ and confidentia*it+ for 4ersons;residents;c*ients/ T.is is t.e -ini-)- standard 0.ic. is e64ected 3+ t.e De4art-ent of Hea*t. and Ageing in regard to a 4erson;resident;c*ient/
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PRIVAC7 A"D DID"IT7

E4-e,te3 O0t,+)e Eac. residentOs rig.t to 4rivac+2 dignit+ and confidentia*it+ is recognised and res4ected/ Prea)1le T.is e64ected o)tco-e addresses t.e iss)es of a residentOs rig.t to 3e treated 0it. dignit+ and 4rivac+ and t.at infor-ation regarding t.eir care and 4ersona* detai*s is 1e4t confidentia*/ Res4ecting eac. 4erson=s rig.t to dignit+ and 4rivac+ en.ances 4rofessiona* re*ations.i4s 3et0een residents and staff/ C+nsi3erati+ns Staff a0areness and 4roced)res t.at s)44ort residents to -aintain 4ersona* re*ations.i4s and carr+ o)t 4ersona* activities in 4rivate Reg)*ar revie0 of residentsO a3i*it+ to carr+ o)t 4ersona* activities in 4rivate/ Proced)res to s)44ort residentsO rig.t to die 0it. dignit+ Resident care 4*an identifies t.e residentOs 0is.es in res4ect to c)*t)ra*2 re*igio)s and ot.er as4ects of t.eir ter-ina* care Proced)res to ens)re eac. residentOs or t.eir re4resentativeOs 0is.es are res4ected after deat.2 inc*)ding ens)ring t.at a** -e-3ers of t.e .ea*t. care tea- are infor-ed of t.ese 0is.es Proced)res for sec)re*+ storing residentsO records and 4ersona* infor-ation Staff and t.e .ea*t. care tea- a0are of2 and co-4*+ 0it.2 confidentia*it+ 4roced)res Residents are addressed according to t.eir 0is.es Bostering 4rofessiona* re*ations.i4s 3et0een staff and residents and t.eir fa-i*ies or t.eir re4resentatives C+n*i3entialit/ an3 -ri5a,/ Confidentia*it+ is not on*+ a rig.t of t.e 4erson;resident;c*ient 3)t s.o)*d 3e one of t.e first considerations 0.en +o) 3egin 0or1 in t.e aged care sector F 4ersons;residents;c*ients -)st fee* as t.o)g. t.eir 4rivac+ and confidentia*it+ are addressed to fee* safe/ T.is is t.e 3asis on 0.ic. 4ositive and 4roFactive re*ations.i4s are 3)i*t/ Person;resident;c*ient confidence is often 3ro1en2 not as a res)*t of 4)r4osef)* c.atter2 3)t is a res)*t of )nt.in1ing 3e.avio)rV an err+r in @03g)ent rat.er t.an an err+r in intent. Ho0ever2 t.e res)*t for t.e 4erson;resident;c*ient is t.e sa-e and not acce4ta3*e/ A** care 0or1ers need to re*ieve t.eir stress *eve*s 3+ ta*1ing a3o)t t.eir 0or1da+ and in so-e cases t.eir -ost diffic)*t or ti-e cons)-ing 4eo4*e;residents;c*ients/ T.e -ost *i1e*+ 4erson t.e+ 0i** s4ea1 to is t.eir fa-i*+ or friends/ T.is is not a*0a+s a 3ad t.ing 3)t re-e-3er: Do not )se na-es or s4ecific detai*s Be ver+ caref)* a3o)t 0.ere +o) are 0.en +o) .ave t.ese conversations as t.e+ -a+ 3e over .eard An3 )+st i)-+rtantl/2 On*+ )se t.is stress re*ief as a *ast resort/ If +o) fee* as t.o)g. t.e 8o3 is 3eco-ing too -)c. for +o) t.en ta*1 0it. +o)r s)4ervisor or registered n)rse 3efore +o) 3eco-e over0.e*-ed/
PERBOR!I"D $ORC TO THE REG IRED STA"DARD

6.at is 30t/ +* ,are an3 .+9 3+es it i)-a,t +n /+0 as a ,arer7 7o) .ave a 30t/ +* ,are to not on*+ t.e 4eo4*e in +o)r care;residents;c*ients 3)t to a s*ig.t*+ *esser degree +o)r coF0or1ers and e-4*o+ers/ D)t+ of care state-ents are often incor4orated into t.e D,+3e +* ,+n30,t/ A** e-4*o+ees 0i** 3e as1ed to sign a code of cond)ct 0.en t.e+ co--ence 0or1ing for t.e organisation and t.is sa+s t.at +o) 0i** a3ide 3+ t.is code in +o)r 0or1 and 3e.avio)rs for t.e faci*it+/ $.en agreeing to t.e code or d)t+ of care re5)ire-ents2 +o) ass)-e c)*4a3i*it+ 'res4onsi3i*it+, for 4erson;resident;c*ient care and 0e** 3eing 0it.in t.e sco4e of +o)r 5)a*ification/ I)-+rtant -+ints2 Be ac)te*+ a0are of t.e d)ties +o) are and are not a**o0ed to 4erfor- 0it. +o)r 5)a*ification !a1e s)re t.at t.e code of cond)ct +o) agree to is t.e standard +o) 3e*ieve to 3e acce4ta3*e !a1e s)re t.at +o)r 8o3 descri4tion o)t*ines t.e d)ties and *eve* at 0.ic. +o) are to o4erate !a1e s)re t.at ot.ers do not co-4ro-ise +o)r d)t+ of care !a1e s)re t.at t.e code of cond)ct .as t.e 3est interest of t.e 4eo4*e in care;residents;c*ients and 0or1ers as a 4riorit+
CHAR#TO" BRO$" % Page $" of &0 CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st 2012,
7o) are enco)raged to t.in1 caref)**+ a3o)t t.e standard of care +o) 0is. to de*iver to 4eo4*e;residents;c*ients and .o0 t.at can 3e enco)raged and s)44orted 3+ t.e code of cond)ct and;or t.e d)t+ state-ent of t.e organisation
S)44ort t.e 4references of aged 4eo4*e 0it.in ro*e and res4onsi3i*it+ 6.at is /+0r r+le in t.e +rganisati+n7 In ever+ organisation t.ere are doc)-ents t.at descri3e 0.at +o) do and 0.en +o) need to do it/ E6a-4*es are: Po*icies Protoco*s Proced)res $or1ing instr)ctions Position descri4tions T.ere are t.ree *eve*s of res4onsi3i*it+ in organisations: So-eone 0.o is res4onsi3*e for t.e overa** -anage-ent of t.e service2 0.o -a1es s)re t.at it is -anaged effective*+ and efficient*+ 0it.in t.e 3)dget
So-e 4eo4*e 0.o *oo1 after t.e da+ to da+ -anage-ent of t.e service or after certain areas 9 a s)4ervisor 0o)*d 3e one of t.ese 4eo4*e E-4*o+ees *i1e +o)rse*f2 0.o do 4artic)*ar 8o3s and .ave res4onsi3i*ities to -a1e s)re t.at t.ese are done 0e**/ 7o) need to re-e-3er t.at +o) are 4art of a tea-/ T.is -eans +o) s.o)*d re4ort an+ 4ro3*e-s or concerns to +o)r s)4ervisor/ !e-3ers of a tea- s.o)*d s)44ort eac. ot.er and 0or1 0it.in t.eir 8o3 descri4tion
PERBOR!I"D TO REG IRED STA"DARD

Organisations t.at 4rovide aged care2 .o-e and co--)nit+ care2 disa3i*it+ or c.i*dren=s services are governed 3+ *egis*ation2 ind)str+ standards2 codes of 4ractice and reg)*ations/
Legislati+n an3 reg0lati+ns

Area of Law 5&i,acy :&eedom o' in'o&mation Wo&kplace -ealt- and sa'ety Wo&kplace -ygiene 9a&assment Racial ,ili'ication Medication administ&ation Aged ca&e #isa.ility disc&imination #mpact of support wor$er T-e way in'o&mation is gat-e&ed4 sto&ed and *sed 5eople -a,e &ig-t to access t-ei& pe&sonal in'o&mation #o not &eco&d any in'o&mation t-at is o''ensi,e o& inco&&ect M*st act in a way t-at minimises &isks and m*st &epo&t all -a@a&ds and incidents T-is co,e&s pe&sonal -ygiene and t-e p&epa&ation o' 'ood 5eople m*st not .e s*.=ected to .*llying4 ta*nts4 t-&eats o& =okes in t-e wo&kplace 5eople s-o*ld not .e -a&assed o& disc&iminated against on t-e .asis o' t-ei& &ace Co,e&s w-o can administe& medication. T-is will ,a&y depending *pon t-e type o' medication4 w-et-e& t-e medication is p&esc&i.ed o& taken Aas needed7 and t-e &o*te o' medication Standa&d o' ca&e t-at m*st .e p&o,ided and '*nding a&&angement 5eople s-o*ld not .e disc&iminated against on t-e .asis o' past4 c*&&ent4 possi.le '*t*&e o& pe&cei,ed disa.ility
In30str/ stan3ar3s an3 ,+3es T.ere are enforcea3*e ind)str+ standards t.at re*ate to aged care2 disa3i*it+ services and .o-e and co--)nit+ care/ Organisations -)st -eet t.ese standards in order to -aintain t.eir registration2 accreditation and f)nding/ Advisor+ or vo*)ntar+ codes of 4ractice cover 0or1 tas1s and iss)es s)c. as -an)a* .and*ing2 4ersona* cond)ct and et.ics/ T.ese codes .e*4 to esta3*is. an organisation=s standard of care/
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P+li,ies an3 Pr+,e30res Organisations )se and design 4o*icies and 4roced)res as a -eans of -eeting t.e re5)ire-ents of *a0s2 standards and codes of cond)ct/ Proced)res give t.e c*ient detai*s of .o0 t.e organisation or faci*it+ 0i** carr+ o)t t.eir ro*e/ 7o) 0i** need to )nderta1e an ind)ction 4rocess ever+ ti-e +o) co--ence at a ne0 faci*it+/ T.e ind)ction 0i** inc*)de t.e fo**o0ing: Service=s 4o*icies Service=s 4roced)res !an)a* .and*ing se of e5)i4-ent $ages and 0or1ing conditions Co-4*etion of a for- t.at states 0.at in .o)se training .as 3een )nderta1en
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REPORTI"D CHA"DES I" A C#IE"T=S HEA#TH OR "EEDS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

IDE"TIB7I"D A"D REPORTI"D VARIATIO"S I" PERSO"A# CARE S PPORT "EEDS
Re-+rting 7o) re4ort care and o3servation to t.e R" or s)4ervisor/ $.en re4orting2 fo**o0 t.ese r)*es: Be 4ro-4t2 t.oro)g. and acc)rate Dive t.e 4erson=s na-e2 roo- and 3ed n)-3er Dive t.e ti-e +o)r o3servations 0ere -ade or t.e care 0as given Re4ort on*+ 0.at +o) o3served or 0.at +o) did +o)rse*f Dive re4orts as often as t.e 4erson=s condition re5)ires/ Or give t.e- as often as t.e R" or s)4ervisor as1s +o) to do so Re4ort an+ c.anges fro- nor-a* or c.anges in t.e 4erson=s condition/ Re4ort c.anges i--ediate*+ se +o)r 0ritten notes to give a s4ecific2 concise and c*ear re4ort Han3BO5er +r En3B+*BS.i*t Re-+rts Handovers are re4orts given at t.e end of s.ift to t.e onco-ing staff/ Infor-ation is s.ared a3o)t t.e c*ient care given and t.e care t.at -)st 3e given/ Infor-ation a3o)t t.e c*ient=s condition is a*so inc*)ded/ It is i-4ortant to *isten caref)**+ at .andovers 3eca)se t.is is 0.en +o) can as1 5)estions or c*arif+ an+ care iss)es t.at -a+ 3e raised/ Han3 +5er re-+rt E Script T.+se atten3ing .an3+5er2 (oan: T.e 4ersona* carer 0.o is going off d)t+ Rosie: T.e 4ersona* carer co-ing on d)t+ Drace: T.e Care $or1er 0.o is re*ieving in t.is 0ing for t.e da+ "he activities are #ased on the script #elo+ F+an E Personal Carer going off duty Dood -orning a**/ $e** 0e .ad a good nig.t over a**/ Fa,? R+-er s*e4t 0e**/ His da)g.ter 0i** 3e 4ic1ing .i- )4 at J/30 for a c.est KFra+ t.is -orning/ Drace2 can +o) -a1e s)re t.at .e=s .ad a s.o0er and .e=s dressed in 4*ent+ of ti-eM He is not fond of .is s.o0ers2 so +o)=d 3etter give +o)rse*f 4*ent+ of ti-e/ And .ave .is notes and o*d KFra+s read+ to ta1e 0it. .i- 3eca)se .e 0i** see .is s4ecia*ist after t.e KFra+/ !ra,e B Care -orker +ho is relieving in this +ing for the day O.2 I=- sorr+ to interr)4t (oan 3)t do +o) -ean t.at Fa,? R+-er HAS to .ave a s.o0erM I re-e-3er frot.e *ast ti-e it 0as an a0f)* str)gg*e to get .i- into t.e s.o0er of a -orning/ F+an E Personal Carer going off duty Dive it a go/ If .e=s rea**+ )n.a44+2 t.en 8)st give .i- a 0as./ OCM M+ll/ Ta/l+r 0as 0andering d)ring t.e nig.t and I .ad to give .er so-e sedation to sett*e/ S.e t.en s*e4t for t.e rest of t.e nig.t/ #oo12 can I 8)st re-ind +o) again to 1ee4 an e+e on 0.ere s.e is at a** ti-es2 and fi** in t.e a3sconders c.art if t.ere is an incident/ - V=i,t+r MartineG 0as incontinent t.ree ti-es 9 I=ve started a Continence #og 9 it=s in .is fi*e 9 re-e-3er to 1ee4 it going toda+/ He a*so .ad a 3it of a te-4erat)re *ate *ast nig.t so it co)*d 3e t.at .e .as a TI/ Be s)re to c.ec1 .is te-4erat)re first t.ing t.is -orning/ $e -ig.t .ave to ca** .is DP if it doesn=t sett*e do0n/ Ot.er0ise ever+t.ing 0as OC/ He s*e4t 3et0een incidents/
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Rig.t S+*ia P+0l+s 0as o1a+ -ost of t.e nig.t 3)t s.e .ad a s*i4 in t.e 3at.roo- at a3o)t 0?00 .o)rs t.is -orning/ I .ave fi**ed o)t an Incident Re4ort and infor-ed t.e fa-i*+ 3)t s.e needs to 3e seen 3+ .er DP/ I t.in1 s.e -a+ need an KFra+ of .er .i4 3eca)se it is 3r)ised/ I=ve given .er 2 4anadeine for disco-fort and s.e can sti** -o3i*i<e o1a+/ I t.in1 .er DP 0i** 0ant an KFra+ 8)st to -a1e s)re t.at t.ere=s no .air*ine fract)re/ R+sie E Personal Carer coming on duty I=- sorr+/ Did +o) sa+ t.at +o) .ave to*d Sofia=s fa-i*+ a3o)t t.e fa** or t.at I s.o)*d do t.atM F+an E Personal carer going off duty "o/ I=ve r)ng t.e- a*read+/ Her da)g.ter 0i** ca** *ater/ R+sie E Personal carer coming on duty So2 +o) 8)st 0ant -e to organi<e t.e DP to visitM F+an E Personal carer going off duty 7es t.an1s2 Rosie/ Bor t.ose of +o) 0.o 0eren=t .ere +esterda+2 0e .ad a ne0 resident 9 Fre3a B+9)an/ Breda is .ere on res4ite care/ And if an+one .as ti-e2 co)*d t.e+ .ave a c.at 0it. .er and find o)t a 3it a3o)t .er interests and 3ac1gro)nd and t.en add it to t.e infor-ation in t.e -aster registerM An+ -ore 5)estions HOC t.at=s itM Ho4e +o) .ave a good da+ ever+one/ Can=t 0ait to get to 3edW I a- so tiredI
$.en +o) are *istening to a Handover Re4ort it is a good idea to ta1e notes to .e*4 +o) re-e-3er t.e i-4ortant 4oints
#oo1 again to 0.at (oan sa+s a3o)t Fa,? and t.en *oo1 caref)**+ at t.e notes Drace .as ta1en/ H$e** 0e .ad a good nig.t overa**/ Fa,? R+-er s*e4t 0e**/ His da)g.ter 0i** 3e 4ic1ing .i- )4 at J/30 for a c.est 6Fra+ t.is -orning/ Drace2 can +o) -a1e s)re t.at .e=s .ad a s.o0er and .e=s dressed in 4*ent+ of ti-eM He is not too fond of s.o0ers2 so +o)=d 3etter give +o)rse*f 4*ent+ of ti-e/ And .ave .is notes and o*d KFra+s read+ to ta1e 0it. .i- 3eca)se .e 0i** see .is s4ecia*ist after t.e KFra+/I Ti-s *+r ta?ing n+tes $.en ta1ing notes2 +o) 0rite do0n t.e i-4ortant 0ords on*+2 for e6a-4*e: 4eo4*e=s na-es2 ti-es2 4*aces and instr)ctions
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E&am'le ( F+an sai32 9race %rote: E&am'le ) F+an sai32 9race %rote: E&am'le : F+an sai32 9race %rote: "o0 .is da)g.ter 0i** 3e 4ic1ing .i- )4 at J/30 for a c.est KFra+ t.is -orning/ 1ack*s daughter & 2(34 & chest 5 ray( Drace2 can +o) -a1e s)re t.at .e=s .ad a s.o0er and .e=s dressed in 4*ent+ of ti-eM Sho+er 6 dress early And .ave .is notes and o*d KFra+s read+ to ta1e 0it. .i- 3eca)se .e 0i** see .is s4ecia*ist after t.e KFra+/ 7otes 6 5 rays to go +ith for spec(
7o) )se s.ortened for-s of 0ords 'a33reviations, 0.ere 4ossi3*e to save ti-e2 for e6a-4*e: 4'ec for s4ecia*ist FF 3=fast for 3rea1fast FF Dr for doctor se s+-3o*s 0.ere 4ossi3*e instead of 0ords for e6a-4*e: H for an3 A,ti5it/ One Read another part of the handover report from 1oan: F+an B Registered 7urses going off duty HM+ll/ Ta/l+r 0as 0andering d)ring t.e nig.t and I .ad to give .er so-e sedation to sett*e/ S.e t.en s*e4t for t.e rest of t.e nig.t/ #oo12 can I 8)st re-ind +o) again to 1ee4 an e+e on 0.ere s.e is at a** ti-es2 and fi** in t.e a3sconders c.art if t.ere is an incident/ -V=i,t+r MartineG 0as incontinent t.ree ti-es 9 I=ve started a Continence #og 9 it=s in .is fi*e 9 re-e-3er to 1ee4 it going toda+/ He a*so .ad a 3it of a te-4erat)re *ate *ast nig.t so it co)*d 3e t.at .e .as a TI/ Be s)re to c.ec1 .is te-4erat)re first t.ing t.is -orning/ $e -ig.t .ave to ca** .is DP if it doesn=t sett*e do0n/ Ot.er0ise ever+t.ing 0as OC/ He s*e4t 3et0een incidents/I A,ti5it/ One Be*o0 are so-e notes t.at Drace too1 a3o)t M+ll/ and =i,t+r/ $rite t.e -issing 0ords into t.e correct 4erson=s notes/ incont a3scond c.art c.ec1 te-4 given sed=n cont *og
!o**+ T 9 0andering in nig.t PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP0atc. .er2 fi** inPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP
Victor ! PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP3K *ast nig.t 9 -a+3e TI
PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP1ee4PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP
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A,ti5it/ T9+ !atc. t.e a33reviations to t.e 0ords 3e*o0/ T.ere are ot.er a33reviations 4ossi3*e/ T.e i-4ortant t.ing is t.at +o) )nderstand +o)r o0n a33reviations/ e-otiona* consti4ated a3n res o3s=v consti4=d e-ot enco)r 0and cond=n res4ir aggr 0andering enco)rage res4irator+ resident a3nor-a* o3servation aggressive a3nor-a* condition
A,ti5it/ T.ree !atc. t.e s+-3o*s to t.e 0ords/ T.ere are ot.er s+-3o*s 4ossi3*e/ T.e i-4ortant t.ing is t.at +o) )nderstand +o)r o0n s+-3o*s/ ti-es co-4ared t.at is 3igger t.an;-ore t.an t.erefore 0it. increase a3o)t 3eca)se decrease s-a**er t.an;*ess t.en e5)a*s2 t.e sa-e as
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A,ti5it/ F+0r Read t.e second 4art of t.e .andover re4ort and 0rite notes a3o)t S+*ia and Fre3a/ 0ords and re-e-3er to )se a33reviated for-s 0.ere +o) can/ F+an sa/s2 HRig.tV S+*ia P+0l+s 0as o1a+ -ost of t.e nig.t 3)t s.e .ad a s*i4 in t.e 3at.roo- at a3o)t 0?00 .o)rs t.is -orning/ I .ave fi**ed o)t an Incident Re4ort and infor-ed t.e fa-i*+ 3)t s.e needs to 3e seen 3+ .er DP/ I t.in1 s.e -a+ need an KFra+ of .er .i4 3eca)se it is 3r)ised/ I=ve given .er 2 Panadeine for disco-fort and s.e can sti** -o3i*i<e o1a+/ I t.in1 .er DP 0i** 0ant an KFra+ 8)st to -a1e s)re t.at t.ere=s no .air*ine fract)re/ Bor t.ose of +o) 0.o 0eren=t .ere +esterda+2 0e .ad a ne0 resident 9 Fre3a B+9)an/ Fre3a is .ere on res4ite care/ And if an+one .as ti-e2 co)*d t.e+ .ave a c.at 0it. .er and find o)t a 3it a3o)t .er interests and 3ac1gro)nd and t.en add it to t.e infor-ation to t.e -aster register/I $rite t.e i-4ortant
It is a*so i-4ortant to as1 5)estions if +o) need to c.ec1 an+t.ing/ Read .o0 Drace as1s a 5)estion H
Sorr+ to interr)4t (oan 3)t do +o) -ean t.at Fa,? R+-er HAS to .ave a s.o0erM I re-e-3er fro- t.e *ast ti-e t.at it 0as a str)gg*e to get .i- into t.e s.o0er of a -orning ; "o0 see 0.at 5)estions are as1ed/ R+sie B HI=- sorr+/ Did +o) sa+ t.at +o) .ave to*d S+*ias fa-i*+ a3o)t t.e fa** or t.at I s.o)*d do t.atMI F+an B H"o2 I=ve r)ng t.e- a*read+/ Her da)g.ter 0i** ca** *ater/I R+sie B HSo2 +o) 8)st 0ant -e to organi<e t.e DP to visitMI F+an B H7es t.an1s/I Ti-s *+r as?ing >0esti+ns It is i-4ortant to as1 5)estions if +o) need to c.ec1 infor-ation/ It is 3etter to as1 a 5)estion t.an to 4retend +o) )nderstood/
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E4a)-le Drace as1s a 5)estion to ,.e,? 9.at s.e .as t+ 3+2 HSorr+ to interr)4t (oan 3)t do +o) -ean t.at Fa,? R+-er .as to .ave a s.o0erMI
E4a)-le Rosie as1s a 5)estion to ,.e,? i* s+)et.ing .as 1een 3+ne +r still nee3s t+ 1e 3+ne2 HI=- sorr+/ Did +o) sa+ t.at +o) .ave to*d S+*ias fa-i*+ a3o)t t.e fa** or t.at I s.o)*d do t.atMI E4a)-le Rosie ,+n*ir)s t.at s.e .as t+ 3+ s+)et.ing2 HSo2 +o) 8)st 0ant -e to organi<e t.e DP to visit/I "ote: Rosie -a1es a state-ent instead of as1ing a 5)estion/ If +o) .ave to interr)4t t.e s4ea1er2 +o) s.o)*d 0ait ti** t.e s4ea1er .as finis.ed 0.at .e or s.e is sa+ing2 or 0ait for a s.ort 4a)se2 and t.en sa+: 1-m sorry 4orry to interru't "but# Could 1 interru't you for a minute$
A,ti5it/ Fi5e
On t.e *eft is t.e infor-ation fro- a Handover Re4ort F on t.e rig.t are 5)estions +o) -ig.t as1 to c.ec1 0.at +o) .ave to do/ Mat,. t.e infor-ation to t.e 5)estions/ Han3+5er in*+r)ati+n 1/ I=d *i1e +o) to ta1e .er te-4erat)re reg)*ar*+/ 2/ It 0o)*d 3e good if +o) co)*d enco)rage ever+one to go on t.e e6c)rsion/ 3/ S.e -a+ sti** 3e a *itt*e )nstead+ on .er feet/ C0esti+ns t+ ,.e,? a, Sorr+ to interr)4t/ 0e**M S.o)*d Breda go as
3, Do +o) t.in1 it 0o)*d 3e 3est to )se a 0.ee*c.airM c, E6c)se -eE do +o) 0ant -e to 0a1e .er if s.e is as*ee4M
A,ti5it/ Si4
On t.e *eft is infor-ation fro- a Handover Re4ort/ On t.e rig.t are 5)estions to c.ec1 if so-et.ing .as 3een done or sti** needs to 3e done/ Mat,. t.e infor-ation to t.e 5)estions/ Han3+5er In*+r)ati+n 1/ I c.ec1ed .is notes 3)t I co)*d not find t.e infor-ation/ 2/ T.e 3)s s.o)*d arrive at -idda+ 3)t +o) -ig.t 0ant to ring to confir-/ 3/ I .aven=t .ad ti-e to 0as. t.e f*oor in .is roo-/ C0esti+ns t+ ,.e,? a, Sorr+ to interr)4t/ S.o)*d I 0as. t.e f*oor or did +o) sa+ +o) .ave a*read+ done itM 3, Did +o) sa+ t.at +o) .ave a*read+ c.ec1ed t.e notes or t.at I s.o)*d do t.atM c, I=- sorr+/ Did +o) sa+ t.at +o) .ad confir-ed t.e 3oo1ing or t.at I s.o)*dM
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HEA#TH A"D PERSO"A# S PPORT REG IRE!E"TS

O*der 4eo4*e and 4eo4*e 0it. disa3i*ities .ave -an+ different care needs2 re*ated to different areas of t.eir *ives/ Even s-a** c.anges to a c*ient=s circ)-stances can 3e 5)ite significant to t.e- 3)t -a+ on*+ re5)ire a -inor c.ange to t.e 0a+ 4ersona* care or ot.er s)44ort is 4rovided/ P./si,al nee3s A c*ient=s 4.+sica* care needs -a+ c.ange d)e to a -edica* condition or condition of ageing/ T.e+ -a+ c.ange s*o0*+ or s)dden*+ and c.ange -a+ 3e 4er-anent or te-4orar+/ Denera**+ +o) can recognise 4.+sica* c.ange 3+ o3serving .o0 t.e c*ient -oves e/g/2 sores2 *i-42 diffic)*t+ standing or 3ending/ E)+ti+nal Nee3s 7o) -a+ o3serve 3e.avio)ra* c)es t.at indicate a c*ient=s e-otiona* needs .ave c.anged/ !a+3e fa-i*+ and friends 0.o 4rovided e-otiona* s)44ort .ave -oved a0a+ and cannot visit often/ C0lt0ral nee3s A 4erson=s c)*t)ra* and re*igio)s needs -a+ var+ according to t.eir co)ntr+ of 3irt. and t.e e6tent to 0.ic. t.e+ .ave c.osen to -aintain t.eir *ang)age2 c)sto-s2 traditions and 3e*iefs/ S-irit0al nee3s S4irit)a* needs re*ate to t.e c*ient=s re*igio)s or -ora* 3e*iefs/ So-e 4eo4*e 0i** .ave 4artic)*ar s4irit)a* cere-onies t.at t.e+ reg)*ar*+ 4erfor- and t.at are considered ver+ i-4ortant/ One needs to s)44ort2 3e o3servant and re4ort an+ c.anges re5)ired to .e*4 t.e carer -eet a c*ient=s s4irit)a* needs/ Se40al nee3s Se6)a* needs can range fro- a need for se6)a* interco)rse to a need for reg)*ar 4.+sica* contact s)c. as a .)g or .and .o*ding/ It is i-4ortant t.at 4eo4*e are a3*e to .ave t.eir needs -et 0.ere 4ossi3*e and t.at c.anges need to 3e o3served and re4orted/ Sa*et/ an3 se,0rit/ O*der 4eo4*e and 4eo4*e 0it. disa3i*ities often fee* v)*nera3*e and *ess safe and sec)re 3eca)se of t.eir circ)-stances/ T.ese c*ients need s)44ort to fee* safe and sec)re/ N0triti+nal ,are C*ients need a 0e**F3a*anced diet 0.ic. inc*)des eac. food gro)4 ever+ da+ and ade5)ate 0ater/ A c*ient=s n)tritiona* needs -a+ c.ange if t.e+: Are )na3*e to 4re4are t.eir o0n -ea*s Have a condition t.at -eans t.e+ forget to eat and drin1 t.e rig.t t+4e and a-o)nt of food and drin1 Deve*o4 a condition s)c. as dia3etes2 .ig. c.o*estero* or ce*iac disease2 0.ic. -eans t.e+ .ave a s4ecia* diet
IDE"TIB7I"D REG IRED CHA"DES TO PROCESSES A"D AIDS

$.en a s)44ort 0or1er notices a c.ange in t.e c*ient=s need for or a3i*it+ to )se a 4rocess2 aid or e5)i4-ent2 t.is s.o)*d 3e re4orted to t.eir s)4ervisor and assessed as soon as 4ossi3*e to ens)re t.e correct -eas)res are )nderta1en/ Type of process or aid Wheelchair or other transport devices Mobility aids Lifting and transfer aids ed Continence aids Personal audiovisual aids Modified feeding aids Requirement for change Wheelchair is moving to the left and difficult to manoeuvre Person who uses walking stick and is having a number of falls A client has required only the use of handrails to transfer from bed to chair but now cannot lift own weight Client has become unable to move from bed A client with dementia removes incontinence pad from their clothing A client who has a progressive visual impairment can no longer read using magnifying glass A client who requires assistance with meals$ is regularly coughing and spluttering when they drink fluids Suggested change Assessment of equipment and adjustment made Assessment to ascertain whether a walking frame is required Client may need a lifting hoist Client may need bed with wheels Client may require specialised underwear !he client may require te"t#to#voice software so they can hear instead of see the information Check to see if fluids need thickening%
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$.en c*ient a44ears to .ave c.anged t.eir needs in regard to 4rocesses or aids )sed to s)44ort t.e-2 t.is -)st 3e acted on/ It -a+ 3e a44ro4riate to disc)ss t.e sit)ations 0it. t.e c*ient and ta*1 a3o)t t.eir needs and .o0 t.ese needs .ave c.anges/ T.e c*ient 0i** 3e a3*e to give +o) a va*)a3*e insig.t into 0.at .as .a44ened or 0.at needs to .a44en/ T.e sit)ation s.o)*d 3e disc)ssed 0it. +o)r s)4ervisor and -a+ 3e an infor-a* disc)ssion or a for-a* re4ort/ If an ora* re4ort2 t.en t.is -a+ need to 3e 0ritten )4/ E64*ain t.e co--on areas of concern re*ated to t.e )se of -o3i*it+ aids and e5)i4-entM Res4onses -a+ inc*)de: incorrect )se of e5)i4-ent variations in .eig.t and stat)re of t.e 4eo4*e *ifting an )n4redicta3*e c*ient a cra-4ed environ-ent c.anges in t.e c*ient condition Co--)nication 4ro3*e-s/ An inter4reter -a+ 3e re5)ired or t.e )se of sign *ang)age or s+-3o*s2 needed
C#ARIB7I"D CO"CER"S ABO T A C#IE"T=S HEA#TH

Re4orting c.anges to a c*ient=s 4.+sica* or -edica* condition 4ro-4t*+ -eans t.e c*ient 0i** 3e assessed 3+ a .ea*t. 4rofessiona* and receive an+ treat-ent or additiona* s)44ort t.e+ -a+ need/ C.anges t+ -./si,al +r )e3i,al .ealt. Signs of c.anges in a c*ient 4.+sica* or -edica* .ea*t. -a+ inc*)de: 3eing )na3*e to 3end 0e** 3eing )na3*e to .o*d onto t.ings 0it. t.eir .ands .aving diffic)*t+ getting in to or o)t of t.e c.air or 3ed seeing or .earing *ess t.an )s)a* e64eriencing fre5)ent di<<+ s4e**s or fa**s 3eing in 4ain .aving sores or s1in ras.es eating ins)fficient food or f*)ids .aving2 4a*e2 f*)s.ed or c*a--+ s1in C.anges need to 3e re4orted so t.e c*ient receives a44ro4riate treat-ent or s)44ort/ So-e c.anges in a c*ient=s .ea*t. re5)ire +o) to )nderta1e first aid/ T.is is 0.+ in -ost services +o) 0i** re5)ire a co-4etenc+ in first aid as +o) -)st act 5)ic1*+ and )se +o)r first aid training if a c*ient: fa**s )nconscio)s is 3*eeding is c.o1ing is co-4*aining of c.est 4aid or s)dden 0ea1ness is de-onstrating signs of an a**ergic reaction If a c*ient=s is at ris12 see1 -edica* assistance 5)ic1*+/ Press t.e e-ergenc+ a*ar- ; 3)tton if in a faci*it+ or contact t.e a-3)*ance if 0or1ing in a .o-e environ-ent
REPORTI"D CO"CER"S ABO T A C#IE"T=S HEA#TH

If +o) o3serve a c*ient .as .ad a c.ange in t.eir .ea*t. t.en +o) 0i** need to re4ort t.is to +o)r s)4ervisor/ "ever ass)-e t.at so-eone e*se -a+ )nderta1e t.is/ 7o)r s)4ervisor 0i** need to revie0 t.e sit)ation t.erefore +o) -)st give t.e- acc)rate and non e-otiona* infor-ation/ If t.e ris1 to t.e c*ient is serio)s and -a+ *ead to 4er-anent da-age t.en it is i-4erative t.at +o) )nderta1e e-ergenc+ -eas)res as descri3ed 3+ t.e organisation=s 4o*ic+ and 4roced)res/ T.is co)*d inc*)de 4)s.ing t.e e-ergenc+ 3)tton ; a*ar- and contacting +o)r s)4ervisor/ It is i-4ortant t.at +o) )nderstand t.e 4rocess of re4orting concerns a3o)t a c*ient=s .ea*t. fro- t.e 3eginning of +o)r 0or1 in t.e service/
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7o)r 3est co)rse of action is to -a1e a ver3a* re4ort/ B)t re-e-3er +o) 0i** need to 0rite )4 t.e incident in t.e care 4*an or a44ro4riate doc)-ent/
CO!P#ETI"D DOC !E"TATIO" /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

CO!P#7I"D $ITH REPORTI"D REG IRE!E"TS
Re4orting and doc)-enting re5)ire-ents in aged care2 disa3i*it+ and .o-e and co--)nit+ care settings are e6tensive/ T.ere are t0o -ain 4)r4oses for acc)rate recording and t.ese are 3ased on co--)nication and acco)nta3i*it+/ Acc)rate infor-ation is )sed so t.at t.e service can res4ond to c*ient needs and to 4rovide an effective and 5)a*it+ service/ Records and doc)-ents -a+ indentif+ c*ient needs2 act as a g)ide for 4*anned action and 4rovide a reference 4oint to ens)re t.e c*ient is receiving t.e re5)ired service/ Infor-ation t.at is *ac1ing acc)rac+ or c)rrenc+ a3o)t a c*ient=s stat)s or t.e iss)es affecting t.e- -a+ *ead to incorrect care and a dis8ointed a44roac. to t.e care of t.e c*ient/ $ritten records 4rovide evidence t.at actions .ave 3een 4erfor-ed and give an acco)nt of 4roced)res t.at .ave 3een fo**o0ed/ Records can 3e *in1ed to +o)r d)t+ of care re5)ire-ents and if incident re4orts or .andF over records are not co-4*eted t.en +o) -a+ 3e seen as not ens)ring t.e c*ient is safe at a** ti-es/ Doc)-ents 4rovide evidence of t.e actions or *ac1 of care and co-4*iance 0it. ind)str+ standards in t.e event of an incident2 accident or ot.er adverse effect/ A co--on e64ression is t.at Lif it is not 0ritten do0n it did not .a44en=/ Aged care faci*ities and services -)st 4rovide t.eir services in *ine 0it. t.e accreditation 3enc.-ar1s of t.e Aged Care Standards and t.e HACC Standards/ Co-4*+ing is derived fro- f)nding and 4rofessiona* considerations/ G)a*it+ s+ste-s re5)ire 4rocess doc)-entation and evidence of ac.ieving t.ese 3enc.-ar1s/ It is t.e 4rovision of t.is evidence t.at -a1es doc)-entation critica**+ i-4ortant/ Care 0or1ers 4*a+ a significant ro*e in co**ecting data across a** as4ects of aged care service 4rovision and doc)-enting it/ T.e e-4.asis on data co**ection and doc)-entation in aged care is f)nda-enta* to t.e contin)o)s 5)a*it+ a44roac. esta3*is.ed in t.e Residentia* Aged Care Standards and t.e HACC "ationa* Standards/ $it.o)t accreditation under these Standards, faci*ities and service 4roviders 0i** not receive govern-ent f)nding/ T.e t+4es of doc)-ents t.at service 4roviders and faci*ities are re5)ired to 4rovide as evidence of an effective 5)a*it+ s+ste- inc*)de: Care P*ans and assess-ent too*s Co--)nication 3oo1s Co-4*aints records Progress notes Reg)*ations2 4o*icies and 4roced)res Resident and Ba-i*+ s)rve+s !in)tes of staff -eetings and resident=s -eetings Staff 5)a*ifications and staff inFservice records Staff and residents .and3oo1s $a** c.arts Doc)-entation 0it.in t.e co--)nit+ sector can var+ considera3*+ fro- t.e residentia* care faci*it+/ !ost c*ients 0i** .ave a co--)nication 3oo1 0it.in t.eir .o-es t.at a** carers -)st co-4*ete fo**o0ing t.e de*iver+ of care/ Care -)st 3e ta1en 0.en 0riting in t.is 3oo12 as t.e c*ient is 0it.in t.eir *ega* rig.t to read a** doc)-entation 0ritten a3o)t t.e- and 0it.in t.eir .o-e/ A*0a+s 0rite o38ective and tr)t.f)* state-ents/ T.ere 0i** a*so 3e a co--)nication 3oo1 or c*ient c.art at t.e service 4rovider=s office/ 7o) -a+ 3e re5)ired to contri3)te to t.e doc)-entation according to +o)r organisation=s g)ide*ines and 4o*icies/ Data gat.ering
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Data -a+ 3e s)38ective or o38ective/ S)38ective invo*ves t.e c*ient=s 4erce4tion of t.eir .ea*t. 4ro3*e-s/ As a carer +o) .ave an essentia* ro*e in o3serving2 -eas)ring2 recording and re4orting o38ective and s)38ective data/ Co--)nication s1i**s are i-4ortant as +o) interact 0it. c*ients to co**ect data/ T.e Aged Care Standards t.at are re*evant to t.e 4rocessing and 4re4aring of infor-ation regarding c*ient records s.o)*d 3e )sed as a g)ide*ine at eac. faci*it+/ Infor-ation s.o)*d 3e readi*+ avai*a3*e to ot.er -e-3ers of t.e .ea*t. care tea- 0.en re*evant/ T.e Stan3ar3 *+r )anaging ,lient re,+r3s Stan3ar3 2/>3 2/>f 2/>. 3/>c P+li,ies an3 Pra,ti,es Individ)a* c*inica* care t.at is 4rescri3ed2 assessed2 3+,0)ente3 and reg)*ar*+ -onitored and eva*)ated A readi*+ avai*a3*e re,+r3 of assess-ent2 diagnoses and treat-ent to ena3*e ot.er -edica* and .ea*t. care 4ractitioners2 in an e-ergenc+2 to 4rovide effective treat-ent Bor t.e 4rescri3ed treat-ent and -edication to 3e correct*+ 3+,0)ente3 and ad-inistered T.at resident=s s4ecia* needs 'inc*)ding *ing)istic2 c)*t)ra* and s4irit)a* needs, are disc)ssed2 3+,0)ente32 reg)*ar*+ revie0ed and acted )4on
Acce4ta3*e doc)-ents 4rovide evidence of t.e 5)a*it+ of care 4rovided to c*ients/ T.e+ are *ega**+ acco)nta3*e records 0.ic. acc)rate*+ conve+ t.e tota* needs and t.e care and -anage-ent of residents/ T.e+ can 3e )sed in *ega* 4roceedings/ T.e c*inica* record is t.e faci*it+=s evidence t.at t.e c*ient .as 3een cared for a44ro4riate*+/ Me3i,al Ter)in+l+g/ an3 A11re5iati+ns !edica* ter-ino*og+ and a33reviations are )sed in aged and disa3i*it+ care/ If so-eone )ses a 0ord or 4.rase t.at +o) do not )nderstand2 as1 a n)rse to e64*ain its -eaning/ !edica* ter-s are for-ed 3+ co-3ining +ord elements 9 t.at is2 prefixes, roots and suffixes/ !ost co-e fro- Dree1 or #atin/ Prefi6 a*0a+s co-es 3efore t.e root/ T.e s)ffi6 a*0a+s co-es after t.e root/ T.e root can 3e co-3ined 0it. 3ot. t.e 4refi6 and s)ffi6/ A33reviations are s.ortened for-s of a 0ord or a 4.rase/ A33reviations save ti-e and s4ace 0.en recording/ Eac. faci*it+ .as a *ist of acce4ted a33reviations/ se on*+ t.ose acce4ted 3+ t.e faci*it+/ If +o) are )ns)re 0.et.er an a33reviation is acce4ta3*e2 0rite t.e 0ord o)t in f)**2 t.is 0i** ens)re acc)rate co--)nication/
CO!P#ETI"D DOC !E"TATIO"

Care tea- -e-3ers co--)nicate 0it. eac. ot.er in order to give coordinated and effective care/ T.e+ s.are infor-ation a3o)t: 0.at 0as done for t.e 4erson 0.at needs doing for t.e 4erson t.e 4erson=s res4onse to treat-ent and care T.e .ea*t. care tea- co--)nicates 3+ re4orting and recording/ Reporting -eans giving ora* acco)nts of care and o3servations Recording -eans 0riting an acco)nt of o3servations and care Doc)-enting infor-ation a3o)t ris1s and 4otentia* ris1s is i-4ortant for -aintaining t.e -a6i-)inde4endence and safet+ of t.e aged 4erson/ O38ective o3servation s.o)*d 3e t.e 3asis of doc)-entation/ T.is -eans t.at t.e 0or1er o3serves and records it e6act*+2 not 0.at t.e+ t.in1 or fee* a3o)t a sit)ation/ Eac. 0or14*ace s.o)*d .ave its o0n 4roced)res for re4orting and recording 4otentia* ris1s/ T.ese 0i** differ fro- one 0or14*ace to anot.er2 3)t a** s.o)*d identif+ 0.at 0or1ers need to re4ort and to 0.o-/ T.e 0or1er needs to 1no0 0.+ a 4roced)re is necessar+ rat.er t.an 8)st fo**o0ing orders/
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As a 0or1er2 +o) s.o)*d 1no0: $.ere to *ocate t.e a44ro4riate for-s;doc)-ents )sed to re4ort an+ sit)ation or event Ho0 to re4ort2 3ased on +o)r o0n concerns2 no -atter .o0 trivia* t.ese -a+ see Ho0 to re4ort2 eit.er ver3a**+ or in 0riting T.e 0or14*ace g)ide*ines for re4orting and recording Increasing*+ records are e*ectronica**+ re4orted i/e/ co-4)ter 3ased/ T.is -a+ re5)ire +o) to 3e trained to )se a 4artic)*ar co-4)ter 4rograRe,+r3ing $.en recording on a 4erson=s c.art2 +o) -)st co--)nicate c*ear*+ and t.oro)g.*+/ So-e g)ide*ines: A*0a+s )se 4en F 3*ac1 in1 or as re5)ired 3+ t.e faci*it+ Eac. entr+ to inc*)de date and ti-e 9 2>F.o)r c*oc1 ti-e

se *egi3*e and neat 0riting se on*+ faci*it+ a44roved a33reviations se correct gra--ar2 4)nct)ation and s4e**ing Sign a** entries 0it. +o)r na-e2 tit*e as re5)ired 3+ t.e faci*it+ Do not s1i4 *ines Ens)re eac. for- .as t.e c*ients identification infor-ation "ever )se +hite out or corrective fluid to correct an error/ Dra0 a sing*e *ine t.ro)g. t.e 0rong entr+2 0rite Hmistaken entry. over it and sign +o)r initia*s 3eside t.e -ista1e/ Re0rite t.e entr+/ Bo**o0 t.e faci*ities 4o*ic+ for correcting errors Record on*+ 0.at +o) o3served and did +o)rse*f Be acc)rate2 concise and fact)a*/ Do not record 8)dge-ents or inter4retations Record in a *ogica* and se5)entia* -anner Be descri4tive/ Avoid ter-s 0it. -ore t.an one -eaning se t.e 4erson=s e6act 0ords 0.enever 4ossi3*e/ se H5)otation -ar1sI to s.o0 t.at t.e state-ent is a direct 5)ote "ever c.art a 4roced)re or treat-ent )nti* after it is co-4*eted Record an+ c.anges fro- nor-a* or c.anges in t.e 4erson=s condition/ A*so record t.at +o) infor-ed t.e R" or s)4ervisor2 0.at +o) to*d t.e-2 and t.e ti-e +o) -ade t.e re4ort Do not o-it infor-ation Record safet+ -eas)res ta1en 9 e/g/ ca** 3)tton 0it.in reac.
6riting a 3es,ri-ti+n 7o) 0rite a3o)t events 0.en +o) rete** a sit)ation t.at .as .a44ened to +o) and 0.en +o) note do0n t.e detai*s of an incident/ T.is is often ca**ed a reco)nt/ E6a-4*es of 0.ere +o) -ig.t )se t.is t+4e of 0riting are ne0s ite-s2 .istorica* acco)nts2 0or1 re4orts2 4ersona* *etters2 da+ 3oo1s2 care;service 4*ans and co--)nication 3oo1s/ At 0or1 +o) -a+ .ave to 0rite a reco)nt of an incident +o) 0itnessed/ T.ere is )s)a**+ a s4ecia* s4ace on a for- to 4)t t.ese detai*s/ H+9 is t.is in*+r)ati+n +rganise37 Des,ri-ti+n On Brida+ 2& "ove-3er 200@ at 10 a!rs/ S-it. fe** in t.e corridor of $ing 2/ I 0as 0a*1ing a*ong t.e corridor a3o)t 20 -etres 3e.ind !rs/ S-it. 0.en I sa0 .er s*i4 and fa** do0n/ I ran )4 to .e*4 .er/ S.e 0as cr+ing and co-4*ained of a sore *eg/ T.en I ca**ed for .e*4/ T.e S)4ervisor
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Dis,0ssi+n T.is is ca**ed t.e +rientati+n. It te**s a3o)t 0.en2 0.at2 0.ere and 0.o/ T.is 4art te**s a3o)t t.e se>0en,e +* e5ents/ T.is te**s 0.at +o) a,t0all/ sa9 +r 3i3 and -)st 3e in order/ se 0ords *i1e t.en2 and2 after 't.at, and 3)t/
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arrived rea**+ 5)ic1*+ and s.e organised for a .oist to *ift !rs/ S-it. into a 0.ee*c.air/ T.e S)4ervisor to*d -e to ca** t.e doctor/ I ca**ed t.e doctor at 10/30 a-/
T.e ver3s -)st 3e in t.e 4ast tense/
T.is 4art is ca**ed t.e ,+n,l0si+n and it )s)a**+ *ets +o) -a1e a co--ent .ere/ An e6a-4*e -ig.t 3e if +o) 0ere 0riting a3o)t a foot3a** ga-e2 +o) -ig.t co--ent a3o)t .o0 -)c. +o) en8o+ed t.e ga-e or a3o)t .o0 +o) are 1een to go to anot.er ga-e/ $.en +o) are 0riting for a re4ort2 +o) are not a**o0ed to -a1e a 4ersona* co--ent a3o)t 0.at +o) t.in1 ca)sed t.e accident/ Bor t.is t+4e of reco)nt 0riting2 +o) -a1e not co--ent/ 7o) -ig.t descri3e t.e conc*)ding action/
!AI"TAI"I"D DOC !E"TATIO"

Recording and doc)-enting 0or1 is an ongoing tas1/ Doc)-entation s.o)*d not 3e a**o0ed to get o)t of date/ It -)st 3e co-4*eted as 0or1 is done to 4revent errors or o-issions/ It co)*d 3e re5)ired at an+ ti-e 3+ ot.er 0or1ers2 +o)r s)4ervisor2 govern-ent agencies or for *ega* 4roceedings/ Denera**+2 records are 1e4t *onger t.an needed 3)t t.is is so t.ere is reference to a c*ient=s 4revio)s .istor+ and to s.o0 s)44ort for 5)a*it+ of care/ !an)a* fi*ing s+ste-s .ave t.e -ost recent doc)-entation at t.e front and t.e o*der doc)-ents 3e.ind/ T.is s.o0s a .istor+ and 4rogression/ A -a8or 0a+ of accessing infor-ation as 0e** as storing in t.e -odern 0or14*ace is t.ro)g. t.e )se of e*ectronic -edia/ Co-4)ters are one e6a-4*e of e*ectronic -edia/ C*ient records are )sed as 0or1ing doc)-ents 3+ individ)a* staff and 3+ t.e aged care tea-/ T.e+ need to 3e accessi3*e to a)t.orised staff 0.en re5)ired to ass)re 5)a*it+ care and -anage-ent of t.e c*ient/ Res4onsi3i*it+ for t.e organisation of t.e record s+ste- 0i** often 3e de*egated to an a)t.orised e-4*o+ee and res4onsi3i*it+ for 4ro4er .and*ing of c*inica* records 0i** 3e inc*)ded in staff -e-3er=s 8o3 descri4tion/ nderstanding t.e 4o*icies and 4roced)res of t.e faci*it+ 0i** ens)re +o) are a3*e to -aintain doc)-ents in t.e 0or14*ace/ Rea3ing Pr+gress N+tes
Progress "otes 4rovide a 4er-anent record of t.e resident=s sta+ in t.e aged care faci*it+
T.ese notes are -ain*+ )sed to doc)-ent an+ c.anges in t.e 4.+sica* condition of t.e resident/ Bor e6a-4*e2 (oan 0rote t.at (ac1 .ad an a3do-ina* 4ain/ T.e notes a*so doc)-ent e6ce4tions to t.e )s)a* 3e.avio)r of t.e resident so t.is incident 0as inc*)ded/ An+ c.anges in t.e resident=s circ)-stances are a*so recorded/ Bor e6a-4*e2 t.e staff need to 1no0 t.at .e is to go for an KFra+ so t.is infor-ation is noted/
CHAR#TO" BRO$" % Page '# of &0 CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st 2012,
T.e notes a*so s.o0 an+t.ing significant +o) did for t.e residents and t.e res)*ts of +o)r actions/ Bor e6a-4*e2 (ac1 0as given a 0ar- drin1 and t.en .e 0as a3*e to s*ee4/
CHAR#TO" BRO$" %
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3;0@;0J 1A00.rs
>;0@;0J 0&00.rs
Resident 0as ver3a**+ aggressive to !rs/ Po)*os at dinner/ Distracted 3+ 5)i< s.o0 on TV/ Co-4*ained of a3do-ina* 4ain after dinner 0.ic. eased after 3o0e* -ove-ent/ nsett*ed at co--ence-ent of s.ift/ Re4orted fee*ing 0orried a3o)t .is visit to t.e s4ecia*ist in t.e -orning/ Diven 0ar- drin1/ O3served s*ee4ing at 2300.rs 0.en c.ec1ed Bor c.est K ra+ toda+ at 1000.rs and t.en .as a a44oint-ent 0it. .is 4.+sician at 1100.rs P*ease ens)re resident is s.o0ered and dressed 3+ 0J30.rs "otes are to go 0it. resident PPPPPP ( Brads.a0
C.anges in t.e 4.+sica* condition of t.e residents E6ce4tions to t.e )s)a* 3e.avio)r of t.e resident
E6ce4tions to t.e )s)a* circ)-stances of t.e resident T.e interventions and res)*ts of interventions
Un3erstan3ing t.e n+tes

Read (ac1=s 4rogress notes again and tic1 t.e correct ans0er/ 3;0@;0J 1A00.rs Resident 0as ver3a**+ aggressive to !rs/ Po)*os at dinner/ Distracted 3+ 5)i< s.o0 on TV/ Co-4*ained of a3do-ina* 4ain after dinner t.at eased after 3o0e* -ove-ent/ nsett*ed at co--ence-ent of s.ift/ Re4orted fee*ing 0orried a3o)t .is visit to t.e s4ecia*ist in t.e -orning/ Diven 0ar- drin1/ O3served at 2300.s s*ee4ing 0.en c.ec1ed >;0@;0J 0&00.rs Bor c.est K ra+ toda+ at 1000 .rs and t.en .as an a44oint-ent 0it. .is 4.+sician at 1100.rs/ P*ease ens)re resident s.o0ered and dressed 3+ 0J30.rs/ "otes are to go 0it. resident PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP( Brads.a0 A,ti5it/ One 1. 6./ 9as t.e >0iG s.+9 0se*0l7 :C.++se 1;
r It .e*4ed (ac1=s a3do-ina* 4ain r It sto44ed (ac1 fro- 3eing aggressive 0it. !rs/ Po)*os r It .e*4ed (ac1 to eat .is dinner
. 6.at .el-e3 relie5e Fa,?s a13+)inal -ain7 :C.++se 1;
r A 3o0e* -ove-ent r S*ee4 r A 0ar- drin1

#. 6.at 9as 9+rr/ing @a,? 30ring t.e nig.t7 :C.++se 1;
r An a3do-ina* 4ain r T.e visit to t.e s4ecia*ist r T.e K ra+

(. At 9.at ti)e )0st Fa,? 1e rea3/ t+ lea5e t.e *a,ilit/7 :C.++se 1;
r J/30 ar 10/00ar 11/00 aCHAR#TO" BRO$" % Page '$ of &0 CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st 2012,
A11re5iate3 lang0age Read (oan=s "otes a3o)t Victor/ =i,t+r MartineG 3;0@;0J 0&00.rs Resident incontinent K 3 in nig.t/ S)s4ect TI ;A attended/ Bor Dr=s revie0 in a-/ After eac. incident 0as 0as.ed and c.anged/ Deri 4ad 4*aced on 3ed Sor3o*ene g*+cerine crea- a44*ied to 3)ttoc1s/ Diven 300 -*s 0ater tota* to drin1/ Rest*ess s*ee4/ Be3ri*e/ Te-4 3A/22 2300.rs2 0?00.rs/ Diven Paraceta-o* at 2300.rs and 0?00.rs/ Resident afe3ri*e/ $.en +o) 0rite in Progress "otes2 +o) )se a33reviated *ang)age/ 7o) *eave o)t so-e 0ords/ Bor e6a-4*e: F+an 9r+te: Incontinent 3K in nig.t/ S.e )eant: !r/ !artine< 0as incontinent t.ree ti-es in t.e nig.t/ 7o) )se a33reviations/ Bor e6a-4*e2 /!1 is short for /rinary !ract 1nfection
A,ti5it/ T9+
Mat,. t.e a33reviated Progress "otes a3o)t Victor to t.e *ong for- of t.e notes/ 1/ Incontinent K3 in nig.t/ 2/ S)s4ect TI/
1/ T.e doctor needs to *oo1 at .i- in t.e -orning/ 2/ He .ad a rest*ess s*ee4/ 3/ Victor .ad t.ree incontinent e4isodes d)ring t.e
nig.t/
3/ "eeds to see DR in a-/ >/ Diven 300-*s 0ater tota*/ ?/ Rest*ess s*ee4/ &/ Te-4 3A/22 2300.rs2 0?00.rs/ @/ Diven 4araceta-o* at 0?00.rs/
>/ His te-4erat)re 0as 3A/2 at 2300.rs and 3A/2 at

0?00.rs
?/ $e .ave given .i- so-e 4araceta-o* at 0?:00.rs/ &/ $e s)s4ect .e .as a )rinar+ tract infection/ @/ He .as 3een given a tota* of 300 -i**i*itres of 0ater
t.ro)g.o)t t.e nig.t/
Un3erstan3ing )essages
$.en +o) are reading t.e notes *oo1 for t.e 1e+ 0ords/ T.ese are t.e 0ords t.at carr+ t.e i-4ortant infor-ation/ Ce+ 0ords co)*d 3e 4eo4*e=s na-es2 ti-es2 4*aces or instr)ctions/ T.e 1e+ 0ords are 0ritten in 3o*d in t.ese -essages/ 3;0@;0J Ne9 resi3ent in r++) #A Fre3a B+9)anE in for res-ite/ Co)*d an+ staff 0it. a 3it of ti-e .e*4 fi** o)t t.e Master Register 0it. .er interestsA -r+-ert/ et, 3;0@;0J Fa,? R+-er to go for KFra+ and to S-e,ialist t+)+rr+9 'T)esda+, Da)g.ter to 4ic1 .i- )4 at 0"#0.rs Rosie $atson
A,ti5it/ One $rite t.e 1e+ 0ord in t.e rig.t 4*ace ' se eac. 0ord once,/ nig.t sic1 residents re4*ace $ednesda+ f)nera* c.a4e* re4*ace 4erfor-ing
"i*es isPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPDrace Biore**i toPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP .i- on T)esda+ R/ $atson !agda 0i** 3e off for PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPd)t+ s.ifts 'T)es N $ed, F S.e .as a *acerated .and/ Roster ad8)sted/ "ot +et PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP/ ( Brads.a0/
CHAR#TO" BRO$" % Page '% of &0 CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st 2012,
!orton Sc.oo* C.oir PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP .ere Brida+ @t. at 10 a-/ #et PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP1no0/ R $atson/ Bat.er $i**ia-s cond)cting !r/ Co**insPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP/ "ot giving 4ra+er at 11/00 on PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPas sc.ed)*ed D/ #ee/ !r Co**ins=s f)nera* to 3e .e*d at 11 a- $ednesda+ in t.e T0i*ig.t B)nera* Ho-e PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPon Stace+ St/ H/ Petos1e+/ A,ti5it/ T9+ Rea3 t.e co--)nication 3oo1 for toda+ again and tic1 t.e correct ans0er/ t.e ans0ers/ 'C.oose 1 ans0er for eac. 5)estion,/ 3;0@;0J
se t.e 1e+ 0ords to .e*4 find
3;0@;0J 3;0@;0J 3;0@;0J 3;0@;0J 3;0@;0J 3;0@;0J
"e0 resident in Roo- 32 Breda Bo0-an/ In for res4ite/ Co)*d an+ staff 0it. a 3it of ti-e .e*4 fi** o)t t.e !aster Register 0it. .er interests2 4ro4ert+ etcM ( Brads.a0PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP (ac1 Ro4er to go for K ra+ and to s4ecia*ist to-orro0 'T)es, Da)g.ter to 4ic1 .i- )4 at J/30/ R $atsonPPPPPPPPPPPPPP "i*es is sic1/ Drace Biore**i to re4*ace .i- to-orro0 ( Brads.a0PPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP !agda 0i** 3e off for 2 nig.t d)t+ s.ifts/ 'T)es and $ed, 9 s.e .as a *acerated .and/ "ot +et re4*aced ( Brads.a0PPPPPPPP !orton Sc.oo* C.oir 4erfor-ing .ere F Brida+ @t. at 10a-/ #et residents 1no0/ R $atsonPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPPP Bat.er $i**ia-s cond)cting !r/ Co**in=s f)nera*/ "ot giving 4ra+er at 11/00 on $ednesda+ as sc.ed)*ed/ D #eePPPPPPP !r/ Co**in=s f)nera* to 3e .e*d at 11 a- $ednesda+ in t.e T0i*ig.t B)nera* Ho-e C.a4e* on Stace+ St/ H/ Petos1e+PPPP
A11re5iate3 Lang0age 7o) often -a1e -essages s.orter 3+ *eaving o)t so-e 0ords F+an 9r+te2 "e0 resident in Roo- 32 Breda Bo0-an/ In for res4ite F+an )eant2 T.ere is a ne0 resident in Roo- 3/ Her na-e is Breda Bo0-an/ S.e is sta+ing in t.e faci*it+ for res4ite care/ 7o) often *eave o)t t.e s-a** gra--ar 0ords *i1e La=2 Lt.e=2 Lis=2 L0i**=2 L.as=2 and t.e 0ords t.at refer to 4eo4*e *i1e Ls.e= and L.er= A,ti5it/ T.ree Mat,. t.e s.ortened sentences to t.e *ong for-/ "e0 resident in Roo- 3/ In for res4ite/ Roster ad8)sted/ "ot +et re4*aced/ Bat.er $i**ia-s cond)cting !r/ Co**in=s f)nera*/ "ot giving 4ra+er at 11 a-/ !orton 10/00/ Sc.oo* C.oir 4erfor-ing at T.e roster .as 3een ad8)sted/ T.ere is a ne0 resident in Roo- 3/ !agda .as not +et 3een re4*aced/ !rs/ Bo0-an is sta+ing in t.e residence for res4ite care/ Bat.er $i**ia-s 0i** not 3e giving t.e 4ra+er session at e*even o=c*oc1/ T.e !orton Sc.oo* C.oir is 4erfor-ing at 10 o=c*oc1/ Bat.er $i**ia-s is cond)cting !r/ Co**ins= f)nera*/
CHAR#TO" BRO$" %
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Rea3ing a1+0t t.e *0t0re T.e Co--)nication Boo1 often inc*)des i-4ortant infor-ation a3o)t t.e f)t)re/ T.ere are a fe0 different 0a+s of 0riting a3o)t t.e f)t)re F+r e4a)-le2 Rosie 0rote: S.e co)*d a*so 0rite: 9race to re'lace him on !uesday. Drace is t+ re-la,e .i). Drace is g+ing t+ re-la,e .i). Drace 9ill re-la,e .i). Drace is re-la,ing .i). Morton 4chool Choir 'erforming at (< o-clock. !orton Sc.oo* C.oir is -er*+r)ing. !orton Sc.oo* C.oir is g+ing t+ -er*+r). !orton Sc.oo* C.oir is t+ -er*+r). !orton Sc.oo* C.oir 9ill -er*+r). T.ere is often a ti-e 0ord 'e/g/ on T)esda+2 at 10 o=c*oc1, to s.o0 +o) t.at t.e action or event 0i** .a44en in t.e f)t)re/ A,ti5it/ F+0r So-e of t.ese -essages are a3o)t f)t)re events or actions/ So-e are not Ti,? t.e correct 3o6/ Toda+ is !onda+/ F0t0re N+t *0t0re T.e Rose-ar+ C*)3 are .aving a *)nc. on T.)rsda+ to ce*e3rate t.eir 3irt.da+/ T.e fire a*ar- to 3e iso*ated in B 0ing 0J00 9 1200 toda+/ "e0 f*ooring to 3e *aid in Roo- 2 B 0ing t.is 4- P*ease .ave residents o)t 3+ 1>00/ I on*+ 0or1ed )nti* 1J00 .rs 0it.o)t a 3rea1 toda+/ I .ad to finis. ear*+/ !rs/ Ho*3roo1=s g*oves and radio 0ent -issing 0.i*e s.e 0as in .os4ita*/ Does an+one 1no0 0.ere t.e+ areM !orton Sc.oo* C.oir 4erfor-ing at 10/00 Brida+/ Drace Biore**i to re4*ace .i- to-orro0/ Bat.er $i**ia-s cond)cting !r/ Co**in=s f)nera* on $ednesda+/ T.e re4orter fro- t.e Da<ette is co-ing Brida+ for !rs/ #*o+d=s 100t. 3irt.da+/ $e are to .o*d a *itt*e 4art+ for !rs/ #*o+d=s 3irt.da+/ to-orro0 A** e6a-4*es in t.is 0or13oo1 are ta1en fro- ind)str+ and 0i** 4rovide insig.t into t.e co--)nication and recording 4rocesses +o) are *i1e*+ to enco)nter in t.e 0or14*ace/ Ho0ever2 eac. 4artic)*ar faci*it+ .as its o0n te-4*ates and 4rotoco*s for t.eir co--)nication too*s/ A*0a+s read t.e 4roced)res and fo**o0 instr)ctions fro- +o)r s)4ervisor/ $.i*e on ind)str+ 4*ace-ent +o) s.o)*d tr+ to: Read t.e Co--)nications Boo1 entries for t.e 4ast 0ee1 Read caref)**+ t.e Care P*ans of t.e 4eo4*e;residents;c*ients +o) are 0or1ing 0it. Read t.e 4o*icies and 4roced)res for t.e re*evant areas O3serve as +o)r L3)dd+= -a1es entries into t.e 4rogress notes for t.e 4eo4*e;residents;c*ients +o) .ave 3een 0or1ing 0it.
Rosie 0rote: S.e co)*d a*so 0rite:
CHAR#TO" BRO$" %
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BI#I"D DOC !E"TATIO"

Ever+ 0or14*ace 0i** .ave different 4ractices and 4roced)res for t.e *ocation and storage of infor-ation/ Stan3ar3 *+r st+ring re,+r3s Stan3ar3 1/Aa 1/Ad 3/&d P+li,ies an3 Pra,ti,es S+ste-s for co**ection and st+rage of infor-ation t.at o3serve t.e 4rivac+2 dignit+2 confidentia*it+ and sec)rit+ needs of residents and staff Bor t.e consistent st+rage2 arc.iving2 access to and destr)ction of a** t+4es of doc)-ents C+n*i3entialit/ of resident records and 4ersona* infor-ation
Infor-ation -)st 3e safe 3)t accessi3*e as needed/ Confidentia*it+ -)st 3e -aintained/ Do not *eave infor-ation *+ing aro)nd for an+one to read/ Store a** records in t.eir correct 4*ace direct*+ after )sing t.e-/ T.e faci*it+ is res4onsi3*e for t.e safe and sec)re storage and .and*ing of c*inica* records/ A s+ste- s.o)*d 3e s)44orted 3+ 4o*icies and 4roced)res governing re5)ire-ents for doc)-entation2 -et.ods of fi*ing and retrieva*2 re*ease of infor-ation and -aintenance of confidentia*it+/ Privac+ *a0s de-and t.at t.e service .as va*id reasons for co**ecting2 storing and disse-inating infor-ation a3o)t c*ients/ T.ere are a*so vario)s g)ide*ines on fi*e retention ti-es as 4er 3e*o0 ta3*e/ "n'o&mation to .e sto&ed &nformation about legalisation and standards Reasons 'o& sto&age 'eference for obligations of organisation and workers (nsure currency and accessibility of information about legislation and standards &nformation about other agencies 'eference for organisation Currency and accessibility of information about other services so it Policies and Procedures Manual 'eference for obligations of the organisation and workers (nsure information about policies and procedures is accessible and up to date Client files and information Plan can be developed to meet client,s specific needs Meet duty of care and other legal requirements -taff files 'ecording of information about staff * recruitment$ induction$ professional development$ performance appraisal * can be implemented Meet duty of care and W.- requirements St+rage +* in*+r)ati+n Infor-ation s.o)*d a*0a+s 3e 1e4t in safe and sec)re environ-ent/ It is co--on to store .ard co4+ fi*e in a *oc1a3*e ca3inet 0it. fi*es stored a*4.a3etica**+ 3+ s)rna-e/ Persona* infor-ation s.o)*d not 3e 1e4t in an accessi3*e *ocation/ E*ectronic fi*ing s+ste-s are increasing*+ )sed for c*ients/ Retrieva* of infor-ation 0i** de4end on t.e s+ste3eing )sed 3)t -a+ inc*)de c*ient=s na-e or fi*e n)-3er/ E*ectronic fi*ing s+ste-s are 4ass0ord 4rotected/ Do not *og on as anot.er 4erson/ &nformation may be stored in locked filing cabinet or password#protected database or electronic files with limited access -torage in locked cabinet or password protected database or electronic file with limited access May be in written or electronic no need for password control May be in hard copy and + or electronic to ensure version control Stat*s o' &eco&ds )rganisation dependent * may be in policy manual or on display
CHAR#TO" BRO$" %
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Chcics301b v2 Provide Support To Meet Personal Care Needs

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Chcics301b v2 Provide Support To Meet Personal Care Needs

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Training Division

CHC30212 Certificate III in Aged Care

PROVIDE S PPORT TO !EET PERSO"A# CARE "EEDS

UNDERSTAND THE CLIENTS PERSONAL NEEDS..............................................1

ENCOURA!E CLIENT PARTICIPATION................................................................. "

ADDRESSIN! PERSONAL SUPPORT NEEDS.......................................................#$

REPORTIN! CHAN!ES IN A CLIENTS HEALTH OR NEEDS..............................%

"denti'ying and &epo&ting ,a&iations in pe&sonal ca&e s*ppo&t needs............................6+

CHCICS#01A Version & '()*+

CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st 2012,

Page ( of &0 2012,

CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st

1/> 1/? 1/& 1/@

Provide s)44ort 0it.in t.e conte6t of -a6i-)- c*ient 4artici4ation

2/1 2/2 2/3 2/>

Address 4ersona* s)44ort re5)ire-ents

CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st 2012,

Ele)ent E*e-ents define t.e essentia* o)tco-es of a )nit of co-4etenc+/

>/1 >/2 >/3 >/>

Co-4*ete re4orting and doc)-entation

?/1 ?/2 ?/3 ?/>

Page ' of &0

CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st 2012,

Personal support requirements may include:

Potential impact may include:

Equipments, processes and aids may include:

Situations of risk or potential risk, may include:

Page & of &0 2012,

CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st

Report may include:

Page " of &0

CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st 2012,

I"TROD CTIO" //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

Page 10 of &0 2012,

CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st

CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st 2012,

"DERSTA"D THE C#IE"T=S PERSO"A# "EEDS //////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

REVIE$ PERSO"A# CARE S PPORT P#A" $ITH C#IE"T

Page 1 of &0 2012,

CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st

As1 vo*)nteer to doc)-ent

Enco)rage fa-i*+ to visit -ore often

CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st 2012,

PENSION NO2 MEDICARE NO2

N0rsing Diagn+sis :i3enti*ie3 nee3s8 -r+1le)s;

CHCICS#01A Version & '()*+ 2012,

E4a)-le +* Care Plan In-0t

CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st 2012,

CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st 2012,

3>213 DOB: 12;>;3? N0rsing inter5enti+n E5al0ati+n

To ens)re 4ersona* .+giene needs are -et/

To enco)rage -o3i*i<ation o)tside roo-/

Page 1' of &0

CHCICS#01B Version 2 'A)g)st 2012,

N0rsing Diagn+sis Bladder management

Un3erstan3ing Inter5enti+ns A,ti5it/ T9+2

To i-4rove .earing and e+esig.t/

23;A "o0 re5)ires .earing aids in 3ot. ears (B 'R",

E5al0ati+n 1&;J Condition )nc.anged

To ens)re t.at s.e dis4oses of cigarettes safe*+

23;A Condition )nc.anged (B 'R",

$HO DETER!I"ES E#IDIBI#IT7 BOR RESIDE"TIA#; CO!! "IT7 CAREM

Re5ie9ing /+0r ,lients s0--+rt re>0ire)ents

Ele)ent Ee-ents define t.e essentia o)tco-es of a )nit of co-4etenc+/

Advocate for cients on re5)est See1 .e4 for c*ients on re5)est

A e9 r0les t+ +ll+9 )a/ in,l03e2

Going ot/ Socialising Cleaning t-e -ose

Red)ced )ng easticit+