PRINCIPLE OF CHECK AND BALANCE

AMONG THE THREE BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT

(as provided in the 1987 Constitution)

EXECUTIVE
The Office of the President

Overrides veto by 2/3 vote Interprets laws/treaties

Impeaches officials
Controls appropriations
Reorganizes executive offices
Approves treaties/
international agreements
Confirms appointments
Revokes declaration of martial
law/writ of habeas corpus
Concurs in grant of amnesty
Question hour
Limits president’s power to
contract/guaranty foreign
loans
vetoes enactments
calls special sessions
sends messages to congress
suggests legislations
declares martial law/
suspends writ of habeas
corpus
grants amnesty
contracts/guarantees foreign
loans
Approves the
appointments of justice and
judges
Grants pardons/reprieves
Decides constitutionality of
laws and treaties
Reviews appropriateness of
martial law/suspension of
habeas corpus
Nominates to the bench thru
the judicial and bar council

LEGISLATURE JUDICIARY
The Congress The Supreme Court

Interprets laws/treaties
Decides constitutionality
of laws
Reviews factual basis of
martial law/suspension of
writ of habeas corpus

Impeaches justices/
ombudsman
Approves appointments
of members of judicial and
bar council
Regulates the jurisdiction
of courts
Sets up new
courts/abolishes old ones