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``dG Q`dG `F`N

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2011/MO3281 : fdG GjEG bQ

978-9981-26-536-3 eOQ

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SdG
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AGS HdG dG CGdG Hb SCG IAGbh ,gGdG LZGH EG

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ee
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Gh GgCG

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hCG G
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h dG CGdG IQGOEG dG HSCG M GW U YSG gCG d
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eh bG jeCG IG jdG ASDhQ e L EG L jdG dG
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,(2)fa a Qc dG e (1)1933 S Y M U fCG JGce cjh

j c dG jYdG c H Crystallizing public opignon Hc OLh Y
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."Les relations publiques". Jean CHAUMELY et Denis HUISMAN (4)

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dG fH J GC H M ,1951 S IM HfG JGZ SFQ

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SSh a SSCG fE J a ,ddG eCG eCG (dEG ,jQSG

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(1)

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,edG bd eh U ,Walter Lippmann 1974-1889 d dGh (1)

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hypermoderne ''KGG FdG'' G hCG postindustriel ''YdG H e''

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Bound to : f jRL c G Gg QX j ,jjG IdH IOY Lj e Soft Power (1)
Lead : the changing nature of american power, New York Basic Books, 1990.

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(librairie classique Eugne Belin) cours lmentaire dit en 1955

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Ve HJ M SG eY e cCG a dG e dG dG eCG
Gb H dG QdG ke fQb GPEG AH dP j bh .gVH jdG jYO
e Y OG Jf dG Wf Gd ke HdG jdG
KOG j edG e kfb CG ZQ ,fjRd S J QH 2001 S
.IMe JeGQO H eCG j dhJ CG EG
: fG ``

Yj NdGh Jfe S Wf e jdG gG J cj c

dH Jhe OHCGh ,fl jGhR e QdG J H d .fl H e
Y fl e N CG ,f g dG ,fjRd Z a Qjh a c
J G id f a IOQ GMGE hCG .G ,edG e ,fG
.G FSH

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: KOG IQdG e edG H fQe

2001 S e Y OG Jfe LH : 1 IQU

dG GdG Y gQGJ GQfd jW ge

(1918) ce QSjd fjRd Z a e ge : 2 IQU

gPGSG LQd fjRd QfG eCG kjW bJ dG e ge
.kec dG e dG dG Y
- 46 -

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: IQdG ee ``

J ,KOd JeGQdG jdG L dG HG ZCGh gCG e

H dG FdG GQfG H .jdG QXEG H dG jdG
Gk QGVCG dh ffEG V Oc OG QXEG EG gG J ,fjRd
fTCG dG edG QGTCG IQU Hh .a G f jHh jOe
JT VH j dG ,(jdG) QNCG Y EG f ,HdG dEG
e fC H j gh jd hCG gG Jh .Jfe e `dGh
e Y OG jd Qe H H dG JGP QdG CG , gh dG
.2001 S
,QG WJ d dG ''fCG'' g OS QhH QdG g J
bCG gG EG HCG gG e GC j fG JJ CG MG eh
Y Ic GOGYCG j jdG CG EG fG d dhCG : jgX d
b EG YG IfG J j j M dG dGh ,IdG dG
''AdGh WCG'' CG ''VCG jdH'' jJ e a j jOa
gdG IQdG e HGbh ,d jeQ e gG Y f j
,gQ e J gh VQ J CG IQH dG j .dG d
,jdG e eN L LJ QWEG e VQh CG ANG H
! QWGeEG W e d Sh Y RM b QdG WCG dG LdG EG{ : J
,The Hun IQY Qjh QNG d .z(The Hun) CG f CG j d djh
OOJ hO QG b bh ,M fOCG hO CG H jo jY c gh
e WdG e k f LGQSH QG WY SG Gg .J hCG
J ,dG dH G G Gg .VG OG gGc EG jdG
gT dG QG CG cf CG jdG eh .SGh f Y deh IQe gGdG
dG S dG kYW UCG hCG e b c e fGh dG Gg
IG jdG YJ fc dG fjRd S M X M ,jdG
fCG Y dG dG SdG FKdG J M ,fe S fCG jeCG
.HdGh SCH fi fc
c e IMe gh ,''THhCG CG'' hCG The Hun IQd kb d
IMGh Ie OQh fCG e ZdH ,CG d fdG eSG dG boche
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Page 48

Me e jQTdG JOh be d ,fjRd Z a jf

e VY ITG gGdG dSQ NCJ Jb a bG eCG .jYdG d
f gh ,ehe hO FSdG S ICe gG f J H J
.H YdG jM b
id j CG gGdG N CG T a ,jQTdG dG eCG
EG fG j eh ,e Ve M YL Qd HGdG gh ,fhO QG
GQJ RGS c eSG H ,kWYG j The Hun IQY AfG CG
LfEG a QGOh ,HhQhCG LdjjEG HOCG SQ CG Y b
SGQO eSG SQO g CG SQdG EG .OG Y HJ dG adG
jdG g e edG SCa ,kJ bCG Y Gh SEG d Vj e
,aGWCG GQOEGh ,H dG kHS fcP c GJ UCG dG dGdG Y j
.LdHhfCG TEG e edG j c e edGh
GSG aGZfjEG .2
.zY b Qe dG UCG d{
''bdG'' fGjO J ,1829 Lg Qa
c bj ,HdG dG Gh dG IQU Y f M
dG MU j ''? kT Ohdg J c ...dG dG'' G gT L
hCG jH dG J eEG Odg aCG e FH 25 HGbh a 300 e cCG EG
h .S d kag dG hCG ,IQe Z GAGaG hCG ,iNCH
dhO 150 Y fG dG QdG J CG EG gT L j a dCG Qj
jd gZ e cCG Gh dG VJ bdG Odg dBG Y dG M
AdG Y d ,dGh dG b e Y fCG Y FGO H Jh
G dd HhQhCG bG d dG eG f CG ,G SdGh
QdG L FQ j .dG EG QJ dGReh Y SdG dG dfddG
G H cJ Odgh TGh{ EG da L jeCG cG
jQdG e fCch dG GSG Y jG j M hc jh .z(DNA)
.YdG jQhh G d fCG KCG dG d
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Page 49

CG ,jdG AY cG SdG a jO dGh cT fCG ,1992 S

dG OH e dG GQG c Vh H hCG G M jGH H
ZQ dG e kMh ,V GOGjEG dG M d .edG J GOH
,H e e L{ : jdG AY d Y dG ZCG Jh .VGdG jY
j GPEG fPCG j bh ,G aGb J M ,IH VQCG j
dG INCG hCG hCG IG g J .zWdG dh ...g e fEG ,T
dG VJ EG ,gT L a .Gh dG Y dG S a J
gT bh ,kMe J jRd j
q b dG Y jd e OdGh
Ga gZh G OdGh OdGh fHdGh CG IQU k jCG Odg
kYVe G e L eSEG dG e GdG dM eO d ,fl
e e Z JdG j c ,kY OGR c edG J c ,d kHK
f fl Ga h ,bGdG VQCG Y M J dG FGH SG
.IOHEG j ke Gk T QG f dG jYdG d
bdG g g .zSdG RJ gQhH dG G QdG RJ SdG{
M ,KCJ dGh Gh dG jJ Odg S KCG dG dG
G H FGSEG e jeCG IG jdG d dhCG : QeCG KH ,gT
dG Y dG Va dG QG eRCG g ,dG eCG .ITe fdG dG
,ddG eCG eCG .dG ZCG dG AdG ,jdG dG e dG Ia
.GH jeCG IQdG NGO FgQ RMGh fGjEG IQdG Me EG La
CG GSG jQJ ff GPEG ? a eRCG J dh KCdG Gg g d
dZ fc H ,GMCd a IOc CJ H dCG dG dG ee
IQdG SG eh ,IOfi JGSG `` L GgCG d bSG MCG
Y Y bGdG dJ dG Y Lde jd MGh BG HOCG dGh
Jb LdG J KCG e YSh ''dG bT'' S OQGhOEG
e gh ,''jQhdG bH'' f CG e Y Gk OYG bEG
RGTG / YEG e LGhORG f dM AGQh QG fG SCG UQ e
kjgX IaG dG d .dG EG Jf HdG N e dG
gCG gGch ,dG eG ZGdG QG LdS J SS SCG
.bdG f
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: dh d dCG IY ``

.jdGh QMG Yf J (exotique) FdG dG IQU AGQh

a OhM Y ,gY ig hCG gGg aGj bG fl JQU Y
Yj e hH j AGU ,HdG Vheh IdH Ae ,d
.jQY T bGQ IMdG J ,dG IQh dG Y j dG EG
SdG dG e JMdh bG Hc cJ dG HdG eG g g
Y dG jQGSG d VGh YEG OOJ hO dG Jh Y
RJ SdG{ gT kHS fOQhCG dG dG dP .Oe H dG
H cG G e zSdG RJ gQhH dG G QdG
AS EG .FGO MG he Gh dG OH L djeEGh G
IQU H b hCG b : b EG JGP GSG J AH j dG
d bh ,dG GSH j aGZJa J OJ UH bGdG EG jb
M ,H YNG b jdG BG a J bh JGQSG GQhO dG J
adG eG QKBG AYh Gh eSdG a SG
fc dG HdG TG dd fGdG Mh jdGh jdGh YLGh
bh .bT EG HZ e G OH hZ b eG ad LG TCG
''e Uh'' S e dG dG G e c G J Y J
dG KdG dG MdGh FGGh eSdG e Ic GOGYCG J dG
.QHfH dHf e eCH CG
YJ a ,dG Gg YVe gh ,GSG e dG dG eCG
d dG QhdG GH d HhQhCG d M Z Y fh dG IQH
OH hZ ZdG EG edH aO M dG hG jCG dG H
VQCG IOYe ''c'' d SQ CG H SG H SCGQ Yh ,G
AHOCG H GC H ,Y SdG dG H .''dG M'' IS RJ
edG bEG ag jL f e M GfH fehdG QJ e fdGh
Ve e ,VQG fch .J AGZEG IG Y GOYG dG hH
eG H VY H QG Ie Ua 1900 S dG jQH
FSG gQU VH j c dG jQdG AdG e gY
ag QdG g M d .GOdG fl Y SG FKdG iYO
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CGQ dG jRGLQdG dch ,dG GY e jG SG OG

.gOH G U Ghf d Je dG
Y eSEG dG bGd jJ bG e FdG J YG d
c dP Y e HCG dh ,HdG adG e jG WSEGh FfG
EG Antoine Galland L GfGC G LJ dG (1)''dh d dCG''
KCJh ,Y SdGh edG fdG N HhQhCG SGh GQfG fGh ,fdG
Y e Qe EG d RH LdG g IQN EG .hQGh AHOCG H
dG SGh gdG e H dG e eJ b MU CG Y dG
HQCGh HH Yh ,jdG AY b e dG UCG J aGN bEH
dG Y GQe j dG JGP dG Y gf ...dG OHdGh ,keGM
LdG H dG gG dP d ,HdG Y a fCG Gh
IQSCG EG OGRT d d .Qa HOCG c ebh H Y dG
.INCG hdG e Y HdG SDG J HW LdjjEGh f O
ICGG SQ Gg .jT Jb LQ S J dG jG bdG ICGG a
LdG QjT He de V fCG Y dG Y Gh HdG
dCG IY'' `H f CG e Ggh .YG ,GdG ,(hdG de) dG bdG
dG dG Qhd GeQ gOL e dG J j UCG K eh .''dh d
QhdG Gg AGQh dG HdG LdG dch SdG LQ J d .kbNCG'' eh
J if CG h .jG ICGG J eG ZQ ANE YG bNCG
J HhQhCG fc eR jG VQCG dO e ,TCG jeQ O jCG ICGG
jQJ j c GH Z GOH dG OH fch ,VGQCG dG e
.(2)FGd fa hZ
G M ''cfi hO GYEG'' GH Md : bdG LdG Ib
c M EG J Henri Regnault (1871-1849) jQ d Wfd SQG
.SdG jQSCG QjT T cJ dG QdG
hCG kSQa j G Ljh eSEGh HdG dG EG dh d dCG c f QOG e jdG J (1)
.kjg
,dG SdG dG dP eG dH dMG b FGG eb dG FGdG IYG fa Hb (2)
.1830 S SdG Yhe Mh fdG d dG dG SGh eRCG aGh
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IcGdG SH jG VG gG bEG bG SG d
SdGh YLG gQhOh ,ICGG fe
k e Ga ,dG hQGh YG
e ke fl g ,YCG J dG (GdG) hCG (G) e ceCG
ehdG jZEG G ICGG a J fc dG G gh gynce
j .AdG V Lh b SQ HhQhCG gdG JQG bh .dG
IQdG g CG hj .(1)zehQ J ehQ{ : Delacroix GhchO dG SdG
d Ve EG LdGh ICGG j a .e NBG Y aVEH EG J
e f GQGcEGh AjRCGh GdGh dG G hCG d c ,WSEG
dGh AGdG a ,bO Z GMCG UdG J H jdG
b bdG dG AjRCG jJ CG c ,dG GH kce Gk Y ke Gh
kHh SQa eY j kHY ke a .Ieh VGh QMG Y Y
CG f ,Ya e b dP ch MCG THdG j NBG fL EGh kjg
bGdG Y gCGh G OHE VGh J jQdG h aGG GM e
dP c .IQGh bdG EG e FGdGh dG EG bCG dH a ,dGh
.''dG edG dG'' jH f CG e f AH eCG j
N f e fc kHTh kaGL dG QU dG MdG e dG EG
e SfCG j Y HhQhCG UGdG e gZh jQH TQh SQ ,je
EG MdG e .ASGh jH QUh QGR e eh kej dG j e
SdG LfEG EG dG QdG J fG ,(2)dG EG K aGZJdG QdG
Y aCG e dG Gg OYG gCG IjY SC UG Lh Y cG
Me e H OSG h ,dGh dG jG e e Uf
edGh G W e dP jJ j Gg bCG Y ,jRdGh d Ic
KCJ gh ? GQdG J J SdG j ZEG CG d .G Gg
.? gT L gUQ dG J Z iNCG LdjjEGh jQJ eGH

.SQhCG GSG Ghd dG bQh Y e (1)

.dh d dCG b GY ka e QL fdG dG dG AHBG gCG MCG NCG 1905 S (2)
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dG QOGHh MCG eCG .3

a VY e Ye Y jQH QL c ,1926 Y e dj a
Ld (Les aventures du prince Ahmed) ''MCG eCG Gee'' cG SdG
Z c G Ch .Lotte Reiniger (1899-1981) jGQ d fCG jOdG
dGh dG j FS M eCG H MCG dG ddG Ea ,OY
EG QJ dGRe dG ''jGQ'' aGZfjEH S e d dG SCG d
.JGP dG Jh g ejCG
CG e ''MCG eCG Gee'' a H M dG gCG GQOEG dG e
dG fdG MG e YH 1926 S jjfdG e Ie hC VY
kjCG dG eh .Jean Renoir QGfhQ L FdG Gh ,Louis Jouvet L d
M HhQhCG dG Y FdG id dG Gg j dG jQdG dG GQOEG
e W e 1999 S jEG f eJ jh GdG V kLQe
Vd UCG fCG f a CG H ,Deutsches Filmmuseum CG aCG
Qf M d .d c Le SdG aCG V 2007 S dP H
keGd j ,IKDG LfEG e be LC kLe UCG MCG eCG a CG
Sd dGh jdG dGdG M j hCG j e c dG f CG Y
''MdG e'' hCG (1937) ''dG GbCG''h ''dG VH'' aCa ,dG cG
e kGAH jGQ S Y dY g jO dGd dG fEG eCG gCG MCc (1963)
YGNGh jdG BH AfGh SdG SG OYG EG jdG dG
dG jG IOe GedG e jO dGh cT S C N iJ dG jdG
,(1937) ''dG VH''h ,(1937) ''dG fMdG'' e aCG e OY eSG
e ka eh ,gZh (1942) ''eH''h ,(1940) ''jRa''h ,(1940) ''cH''h
jdGh jdG feEG QL H Z dGh dG G Y e GSG
ZQ SCGh dG bS jGQ J CG fd G eh .AGS M Y
e cCG g ee MCG eCG Ge LGNEG j CGh dG JfeEG
jQJ e a hCG (MCG eCG) a dG NQDe j M ,dG QHEG
jQJ bGSG a hCG SGQdG g f fh ,HhQhCG cG SdG
IQU T dG LfEG e b eCG dG jGQ H a ,cG SdG
.HdG dG fl Gh dG
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: jdG bGh e ``

: jGQ Cj (1)Ruttmann hQ CG G ,1923 S

,z? 1923 H dP bY e ? FY a GNEH eb S e ,d{
: d
GH ed Xfi fCGh ,1923 YCG ? dP j gh ; S Lj {
.(2)z1923 H MdG HGdG g Gg .G H UdG VCG h dG
GSh MCG eCG Gee fEG H MdG HGdG g dP c kM g
? jdG
,H WMCG dG adG hCG dG aGhdG QJ hCG jGQ cQOCG AGS
kHH j fi GDS hQ G GDS Ea ,dG fEG e eh aOh
aCG fi Y cj e kdZ dG IQdG dL e HCG jb Y Dhd
jYO aC LGNEGh jRdG EG kM hQ fG CG cDG e .jGQ
.IQKEG cCG Gk eCG dGDd GL Y dG e j d SS
L b (1926-1923) S H e CG dG a VYh fCG dG IdG EG
dG GQdG e Gk AH Y GMCG M eSEG dGh HhQhCG djeEG idG
SGT eCG .jQH dG L IQK EG G T jdG M e eG
gJ fc e jE dG jdG G fG ,Md ehG
GedG eGb UN f e TL C J ,dd cGeh .Od kHL
dG e jHh fEG cT e YH a hQhj eh FdGh
.e Y kXM kGe MG AHEG gJ fc dG IdG cdGh
jL f fG ,fdGh hCG dG HG H e CG ,GdH IdG J
fEG e %6,5h 5 H e T dG dfddG dH j dG e
g SSCG e fc ,(3)Claude Liauzu hRd Oc fdG QDG H fdG
LGdG IQhHh H ihH gG bE GdG NBG dG IQU J
,jRdG jYdG aCG Y Yh RdG d fG CG FS fl Walter Ruttmann hQ dGh (1)
.''MCG eCG Gee'' ,jGQ LG d UG GKDG CG bh
.Olivier Cotte c dhCG Jd Il tait une fois le dessin anim c e e (2)
.La socit franaise face au racisme, 1999 Claude Liauzu (3)
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,FKdG hCG dG HdG ,dG) SSCG ee KK Y AH ,VGQCG

.bGSG aGZJdGh MdG g dG JGP eG CG ,(jYdGh
hJ M e MGh a KdG eG g LGJ EG
SdG jYdG EG G TG jdG G j IQa ,GSG
iNCG M h ,Ofi hY V QG J LCG e idG JdG M
V LGQfG dfddG LdjjEG J Yf LZGH IGOCc dG J
H jGQ eb dG dG gh ,YLG jYdG e kHS S e
.''MCG eCG Gee'' a VGh
H ,aCG e jdG dCG dG SdG jYdG GfBG jGQ J
jdG YGdG e YCG kKM Z M YLG jYdG EG bCG fc
fdG aG S M gh ,VG dG e jdG JT dG fBG
V .G j dG G QH .HdG idG dd jQdG i Z dG
.G J e G gQGJ H H J dGRe e G a jGQ
S LQO hCG j CG MCG eCG Gee Y dG abh EG
G Y f CG Y h ,cG SdG GSG LdcQCG
Gh jdG AY'' e HdG cG SdG aCG TCG JQc dG dG
dCG'' ,Ub Iwerks cjh CG jE ,Aladdin and the wonderful lamp (1934) ''dG
jdG AY'' ,Jack Kinney c 1001 Arabian Nights (1959) ''dh d
Jean EG L fd Aladin et la lampe merveilleuse (1970) ''dG Gh
Sinbad : ''OHdG'' ,Walt Disney jO dGd Aladdin (1992) ''jdG AY'' ,Image
Azur et ''SCGh QhRCG'' ,Tim Johnson fL d Legend of the seven seas (2003)
.dG Jfi NBG S dG Michel Ocelot ShCG Asmar (2006)
: jedG ``

VJ dG GgCGh ,MCG dG eCG MQ bO 65 W jGQ hJ

Y MG jG a GC J .OGRQjO IeCG NCG j He d
S M aH jaEG MS MG j ,MCG eCG dGh G Oe
MdG HCjh K CH FGT ZQ NCG Gg a ,G Y Vj FW
EG jh ,IeCG aJ .G HG OGRQjO IeCH dGSG jh H
eCG j .G QNH MdG VY j e YS d MCG eCG fL
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Y Y CG H SHc EG QNG jh ,G gP eCG G kcGQ MCG

M Gh GdG OH e iNCG EG Iee e GMCG J .VQCG EG H IOdG
j M jG e iNCG Me GC Jh H jh ,fHhQH IeCH j
dCH jW a gPfE MCG eCG jh .dG QWGeE d MdG
GMCG k SM Gk QhO J dG Q dG L IMS ,jaEG MdG AGYCG
jdG AY H j c ,QWGeEG j e fHhQH J d JY
H dG HY e g b jdG AY CG MCG eCG j ,kGJ eCG jJ dG
.dG G d M dG dG H LhJ dG OGRQjO NCG VCG CG
eCG Ojh ,jaEG Md bh IMdG NJ H IS jf GMCG J
.jdG AYh JeCG eh kS MCG
ReQ Jh G J j IAGdG HH G jRdG g Y
dG Y dG GQdG He d ,jdG Y edG e kHV
Y je bGh YH MJ dG dG UJ AL eSEG
e IOY J f c Y aj dG FdG SCG N j gG
,aG eR edG .bGdH G iNCG YGHEG SLCG Y c
,dG SJ dG dG GP YCG e af dG fdG UY Gh
H LRe ,dG GMCG SEG jGQ QNG ,jdG edG dG Gg
Gh jdG AYh ,FdG G e dh d dCG EG HG dG
S Me SCH ,UCG dG d OLh kHS b c dGh ,dG
GQGcCG e dG gS d .NBG EG FGhQ Aa e fH G j
dG aJh GMCG Y cdG jeQ AcGh QjdGh
expressionnisme allemand fCG jdG Y a dG JcMh
LG JYG dG animation en silhouettes dG j a e GL jdG
g Y K dG HdG e jdG CG G eh .dG SSCG c
e jdHh ''dG'' e e fCG Y dP QU b jGQ YCG dG
Herv Joubert- (1)fGQd HL jEG fdG OcCG d ,dG dG e
dYCG jGQ VH kfi jdG g Oj a ,NBG CGQ d Laurencin
.7 ,jQH eL dG IOe PSCG Herv Joubert-Laurencin fGQd HL jEG (1)
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jS hO jEG fdG SG e e gh ,"films de silhouettes" e

jJQd J NG dG ,Y eG jd de jRh Etienne de Silhouette
.H e SH Sh SG PdG X SEG Y J
Ie hCh LG J ,OSCGh HCH IQU dCG 300 Y Gk OYG
hQ aGjh ,SQdG G e Me Gk jL kbGSG kjH dG jQJ
dG J dG OHCG FK e jH G e d jdG a
j dG dG QG Gg CG c ,a dG e j J e QjdGh
IQG b e KfGh ,dG dUCH AjEG J IjL bGSG Ia
Y bJ jGQ CG d G eh .NGO dG GMCG QhJ dG eSEG
jG HdG MCG jCG dM H ,a G aGZfjEG GSG
f eCG fCG gh .HY Hc fCch MJ TCG EG dG NGOh
.jYdG S AGQh J dG jG FKdG HdG

Hd bCG fCH MJ TCH He J MCH jh dG GY

Y AfH MJ dG FSdG c jGQ GSG if CG dG e

e dGh QdG J e bGH bEG ZQ gdG dG dd
b H .dG jRfdG e e bh N fi dG c e ZdH
LGG J ,LdG Y EG dG fH YbGh dG fH gG
dG Y J GPEGh .ehe fOCG hO LdjjEG FSdG Jh Z dG
jdG MhdG e ce W a b ,dG dG jhGR e dG EG
hCG SdG G AGS HaeSEd Obc Gg ej EG J dG
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V dG edG cdG f CG dP Y dd jh .HdG eYEG

,iNCG IQJ Gh IQJ G G ke ICGa .d LG
J .HdG Y K dG ''dG dG'' SH gQX iS d QhO
Ld de c G HG OGRQjO FdG dG J ee
,FdG G He Md H j dG G HCG e GAH bdG
AfGh G cQ MdG Y VY CG O Y j dG NCH GQhe
T J c .dG G Y d dSG OGQCG dG MdH
J dG G fHhQH Gh GdG OH IeCG gh YN J iNCG Ff
dG jaEG MdG W e Nd VJh IjG WT IS
J gH .NBG EG X LQ j e J Ggh ,dG QWGeE QhH j
EGh ,IYdG e J dG QdG L IMS gh ,kYN bCG dK ICGeG
MCG eCG j e a .G d Lh J d ,dG db NJ
MdG T Y j e gh ,fHhQH IeCG j YJh ,G e
IQdG J Ad iNCG U J .e dG Y LdG Y dG jaEG
Y j b jGQ CG Mf CG G eh .kL IG G ICGG gh
,jGY dG Ud g dG dG Ia EG AJ b dG IQdG g
Z AGZEd ec ''G'' QJ dG bGSG MdG aGZfjEG Y
k f
c dG J J hCG OdG RGJ GMEG IOe Ff H
dhDG c LdG jGQ HG .ICGG Y G Gh LdG Y
MdG .fGdG Y Jh dG EG j a ,AdH dG FG Y
G jQG HG g Y ,dG IMdG He jdG jaEG
jGQ J d hCG dG e .G Qeh dG Qe j j
.zY jaEG MdG Ib fch{ : J J IQ H MdG IQ
fl Me T VY Y QdG H d hCG G GC j ,gH ITeh
.d DdG j dG G Y dj ,MdG bd
Ea ,AdG d ,jd fG G dG ,LdG VJ c GPEG
OGRQjO IeCG e dhc MdG YC SSCG dG g AdG
IMdG b dhfih ,dG QWGeE Hh ,Gh GdG QL IeC Nh
IcGP H MG bGQ ge J fG Gh dG H SM ce
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dGd (1963) ''MdG e'' e IQe ce SQ aCG JQch ,dG

.e V e IdG ce RO
Gg d ,AdG e fdG LQdG `MCG `eCG `HGh G IQ`U JCJ
HdG LdG H J HdG dG GJ e dG dH J hO j
M``dG V`Y `j `dG S`b ,a d`e H `j `a .`G
Ld dG IQdG g bJ gh ! FW M He HG Y H
dH ...G He H H GhdG Y HG QLE HdG G G
jdG Gh SEd jOG G H Y jM kHS fOQhCG c
ZQ .SdG JHOCG G hQ`G G`H `Jh ,`a Qh`J `dG
J G HdG Ld SJ dGReh SQ dG dG eG g
j e gh ,G dG eh ,YH J CG jGQ jJ dG dG
.(IdG ,G) jNBG jdG Y gCG j h ,eG J e NCG dG
O`H EG `MQ Ja`J `VGh Ggh ,`MCG `eCG `S `g fG`da
EG IMGh e jh fHhQH eCG Uh MCG j M ,Gh GdG
e S CG H IQYG fHhQd JOQe ge ,e kSe iNCG
dCG fCG EG ,kGAS bCG H eCG d LG J ZQ .N He
hCG G Y HcQ He NCG Y j M ,IdGh fGdG H H
e kjCG J GJ e iNCG bT jQcP T J dG MQ .dG
dG LdG T gh ,g ejCG EG HdG gdG dG
.e GhdG Y Zjh ,MdG e Gh GdG OH IeCG j dG QWGeEG
,dP eh ,e hCG HY Z T fCG dG g d G eh
LQdH kSS ka jGQ a j dG AdG ,eG f e J fEa
e dG GdG IYO d hQ dG JGP LdjjEG ed kM
q hCG
d Qc eSEGh dG JQG Vh M fg jeU eCG
.dG
bT LQ OLh Y dc dG H j b dG jdG AY T eCG
e INCG MGG j GL fK QhO EG dG ,dG NGO W
dHh ,WG e f PfEG j ,dG Y jh ,jG
.dG V e jc T Qf CG
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H ,Jah ,V ,Ie a ICGG eCG .GT ,L ,Sb : LdG

kHS S e fN OOJ hO dG Qf CG dG KdG dGdG
e H j dGdG J QGJ EG .GSG Y KQGG dh d dCG IH
d Sh jGQ aGZfjEG e jh ,jYdG Igd SSCG dG
H QfG GgSh dG Gd GLhQ jdG fdG Sf RGTG
aGGh dG N G dG HW EG dG hO ,eh SGh
gCG e Qc FHEG fl MGe M dG dG gS bh ,''jdG''
.eSEG dG Y jG gdG QdG T dG QOG
jdG AY .4

fl J ,1989 S e HcCG CG ,kjJ H dH QGL S b

jL ce SQ d j gh Jean Image EG L fdG cG SdG
f CG d d ,MU e hG e .dh d dCG e IMe b Y
cGJ K e jJ LdjjEG ee e bdG O S fc e
JGP HOCG QNG dhCG ,SSCG d dP Y J dG e .dG
e J dG dG dG H Gj eh c dGh (dh d dCG jM)
d S Je a ,dG dG eCG .eSEG d dG S dN
M ,IOQdG G `eR `S j`H `G J `b L`fEG `EG `L
''`dG `Gh j`dG A`Y'' ,c`G `SdG `a f`dG `d b
SdG eG dG CG T Aladin et la Lampe merveilleuse ( 1970-1969)
H KCG b dG fEG hH WMCG dG LdjjEGh jObGh
(1973-1945) IG KdG GSh Sj bGSG fd YCGh Gfih
Mh dGdG dG hO Hh fa a fG dG Les Trente Glorieuses
IdG g jObG jh .GZdGh ObG dG Je YCG
H Od FGdG IQdG a JQG ,cSG G EG dG IH
Y dG g fG .YdG GQdG MU dG dG hX QJ
EG jdG CG Y aG QOe dh LGgh fdG G aK
YGdG bh ,AT c k jQfi UCG dG jdG SCGQ Yh ,jM CG
YdG HQCG Y dG e UCa , QG HJ fc dG GYCGh
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Y IQb cCG SdG UCGh ,fYEG Y JL jhdGh dEG UdG

Y gc EG gU e gOGaCG a j MGh bh SCG b EG PdG
Gg Y adG IOG J h .jQGG GAdG hCG QNCG Gf eCG Lh
Qd LhH HdG c c d kdW QG j CG Va .dG
dG Me J c H J JH ,ke dG QhOh VQGh
.YEG Y FGdG OGGh
dG HdG QW e fdG cG SdG SG aK f dh
X ,hdG g .OY H jeCG Jf Y NCJ H YdG QW EG
S dG jO dGh SCG e d W RGaE c EG L G
ISh feEG V d .(1)fHdG a QdG e jdG dCG Pc
(2)''fHQH gjOSG LfEG ie EG dUh hO M jdG jEG
de H eb ,fed e ,fdG dG Ea ,dP eh .IG Burbank
CG c ,(3)zEG L f fYh jO dGh gY jeCG{ e jhH a
Y AdG Y LCGh dG dG Y dG Z b fdG OdG Hc
.(4)kj Gk Le fc ZQ ,fdG dG ReQ Fb LQOCGh H dYCG
''GG fL'' : e jdGh d eb dG LfEG g dGh
SdG dH'' ,Magie moderne, 1960 ''jG dG'' ,Jeannot l'intrpide, 1951
jdG Y M dG YCG e gZh ...Picolo le petit peintre, 1964 ''dG
,ch ,jQHh ,Seh ,fSEG) dG fLG V ZQ FGG e
j fH cG SdG fEG c dG bdG (...ah ,LQCGh
.JeRCG cCG

G SCGQ Yh ,jO dGh YCH IOQdG G Ia fHdG cG SdG a e jdG KCJ (1)
Mushi jOhH Te cT dG e C fCG dG Osamu Tezuka chJ eShCG dG
dG HhdG hSCG dG G ee h jdH UN fJQc kYCG QW dG Productions
.Astro Boy en 1963
.jdG EG jGdG e fEG S Burbank fHQH gjSG Y jO dGh cT YG (2)
.fdG fed IjL jhY MCG (3)
.Jean Image EG L EG Imre Hajdu hLg EG e SG UCG G G Z (4)
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: jdG dG e dG NGhCG ``

e YH dGh fdG QG EG UdG e EG L YCG

Hh ,Jean Cocteau cc L YdG SCGQ Yh beG fa e
M d .(1)O.R.T.F. e dG d SdG fEG SDe e c
dG e dG jGH e LfEG fG dG cG SdG e
NdG e eh G K cCG WCG id c H jdG
GY GdCH e a he fG 1969 S h .gCG cCG Q
71 e a gh ,Aladin et la Lampe merveilleuse dG Gh jdG AY
jGQ bSG dG IG K k jJ Oj e CG TCG IY REG J bO
jdG J QNG OGRh ,dG Ge Y kS KCG ,MCG eCG Gee
dG VEG e jO dGh YCG QGZ Y (cellulod) SdG GQhCG Y
e dG bhCG jd Iae J Ic bGWh c L e J
H UTCG cM QGJh gG ObG EG CCGh dG ANCG
QjdG WH N HG .jdG GQhO Y Gk O YG cQh e
(2)d G QNG Mf CG gh ,IQdG IAGOQ e Gh
iNCG Ie dG j c .jGQ aGZfjEG cJ dG d W OGec
EG .jQdG GK Y d FZ ge bEH jO dGh aCG Icfi
CGO dG fjdG SQd MU Rh H MJ gh hC dG Ige
,Les aventures de Joe ''L Gee'' e e dG N Y
H d .Kiki le Clown ''c GdG''h Picolo et Picolette ''dH dH''
EG fTJ CG jQJ Kh j a ,d cSG HdG Y dG
Y dH J dGReh ,ejCG fa WCG H J dG GQdG J UCG
.g ejCG EG LCG J

.Office de radiodiffusion-tlvision franaise (1)

jdG e SQGe YJh OG HdG dG e eSEG hdG H gORGh dG H NG a (2)
,gGdG fGdCGh ,UJ bOh ,gOHCG H G Jh .fdG K bdG h fGjEG EG
.JMd fGH G NdG Ich
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L Gee

dH dH

c GdG

- 63 -

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: dG Gh jdG AY ``

,jaEG MdH jdG AY L dG dG G b dG hj

e e Y d MdG QNG CG H jdG AY dG Ye GC J
MQ MdG hN AKCG .VQCG L Qc Y IdG eG eG e ,d
jdG AY LG .jdG AY SG JdGh e j Gk a kU dG dG EG
EG Ud hc Md dG S gOM dG dG AUh IAGdG U
Y fCG YOG CG H e aj cJ CG dG CG bEG MdG SG .G
jdG AY e jh VQCG H HGH MdG j MdG AKCGh .Z fCGh
CG Hh d ,G OjEG e dG .S hGh a hdG
.LhN f G Y OhGQ M MdG GN d X hG e bG
b c S N KZCG CG EG j dG Mh dG Hh adG NG
a ,G M cGh hG jdG AY SG .MdG jEG YCG
H QhdG QH HH jhH j dG L ,AGK EG a e eCG IMh JM
Gk e MdG OY ,jCG e j .dG b e YCG Gb d H CG
AY LGh .dG bSh IeCG H jdG AY e dh G Ld
Lj EG dH Ogh aaR j b HG a dG dG Z jdG
Y QfG jdG AY SG jdG AYh MdG H M H .j N
.GhdG h SGYCG bCGh ,ke dGh QhdG QH LSGh ,MdG
IdG EG L j a ,ICLe fOCG hO dG jM J Gg
FGO T H SG dG jdG AY b GMCG UJ j c .cj kT
dG jf fdG QG Mh ,FdGh fjdG LfEG
dG jf e dG gQGJ H b X Y UdG J j c
Aladdin and the wonderful ''dG Gh jdG AY'' a e CG Y SdG
J dG ,George Albert Smith S dCG QL jdG d lamp (1899)
d GMCGh ASCG HJ .SG H dGh IdG aCG e GdG
Gk OHCG gjK CG ,fl jM hj FdG aCG J e c
.IOL LdHhfCGh SS
LdjjEGh jQJ WSEG EG jdG AY a j
dG GfG Y J ceCGh FbdGh JaJh
k e da ,gRh
.Y S
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G d MaG gG oJ ; gQeh dG b ke NCdh

eh IjdG dG YCG c e J e ,''jaEG'' MdG a j dG
e Lh e H G Gd G QNG ,dG Y d MQ j
NCf CG j jedG GQTEG g dh ,Md kH Sphinx dG HCG SCGQ
c ejCG .GfBG e dhH fa bY M dG jQdG VdG QYG H
h ,fa dEG J dGh GdG HdG dG H IOQH kHM j dG
GfBG QdG eH e YJ bh ,FMh JadG OG NBG dG
MG V HM jFGG IQd YO H UN dG e LGG
Ib eCJ e ,d jOe fjHh fa JYG GQGb gPJGh fdG
MCG fc dG fa H .e Y KdG GhdG KEG Y b dG jdG
IaH G dG J CG EG d Qc JHOCG e J GhdG GWCG
.1970 S UdG Y L
G j a ,G EG AJ iNCG jeQ OYH eb IQdG OGOJ
dh ,jdG Md kH d dG HCG QNG H ,a Md c e
e ke f CG j ,dG e id Ib e j c e EG dG j
OJh .LCG e dG CG dG HdG gdG LdG FdG Gg
j fl Fc Sphinx dG HCG QoJ dG jZEG jOhCG IQSCG EG b
Nh d Y LCa jOhCG AL CG EG ,dEG NGdG jh W je HGH Y
.Yd Gk eQ QSCG FdG Gg Hh ,e jG
e d HdG dG QhO AL ,dG OH dG `J `dEG `H
`G `J `S `M kGD`S `f CG `d `j `gh ,`dG e gOH `
,HY fCG Y gDhjRCGh S J T EG jaEG MdG d
dG IQU GDdG Gg Y kHG`L ` b .`UCG `dG OQh e `H
fG SGQdG oJh ,1967 (dG) dG jCG M H fdG id
J d gGc EG OdG e W`J O` e G `Y L`dG `MG
,dh ,`SQeh ,Rd`Jh ,jQH QG`T H`L `dG Gg`G J `Y
OdG e HQ J `dG `dG bGe e kbJG ...QSGSh ,fh
Jean- JQS H L d jdG Gg G g `c ,f`dG
,bM H OdG j e jH fdG e MCG j d{ : Paul Sartre
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Y j dG h fa OdG GOe eCH fa CG j dh

.(1)zJM
eR gQhd dG CGdG id kSGh iU jdG g e Lh
ge Jf dG bQCG VJh .FGG M e ee f`a hN e jb
fdG AGQBG Y VdG Gd VGdG KCG ,IFOPh SOFRES e GfBG AMEG
.dG dd %2 He %50 j FGSEG e WG OY OGR H
1967 fj 30-21
%100

1967 fj 13-8
%100

56

58

28

27

14

13

IFOP AMEG e

FGSEG e
HdG hdG
adG MC fe Z
CGQ h

jd YG e CG f ,dG CG OdG : dG GDdG Y GL h

? jY bGe
%100 1967-10

bGG fl

SOFRES e
33
3
44
20

dGh OdG V Y be jd d
dG e Od AGY cCG
OdG e d AGY cCG
hdH dGh Od hOe

hOG j M ,d jOe L AGQBG e %44 CG SG j

Gk QhO ObG d ,AHG SdG VdG Gg EG aVEH .%3 f a Od
H ''WdG dG'' jJ e IjL LGg N H ,jdG LCJ keg
ddG e ZCG ,dCG 700 EG Uh dG ILG HdG bCG QGSG
.fdG fG LM d jaEG T e eG
.1967 e ,Les Temps modernes e UN OY (1)
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IQU WCd j CG jdG AY a fl QNG ,LG hdG J

,fdG Y cJ fc dG jGQ H eb kaN HY e dG
UCG dG OQh c AGdG SH jaEG MdG T cJh
kHSCG dG JG ,HdG dG e jdG SCG EG aVEH .jd
G gG dP Me dG eh ,jYdG S EG j kFGSG
g J c ,AdGh gdG EG bCG NCG Gg aa .MdG Md
,LGH MdG Hc J dG jdG AY CG e iNCG H dG
H ge He ,IQN cCG NBG e h .aG LhR NCG fCG Jh
jdG AY AZ d G bCG dG OdG Th jdG AY T
CG h ,IMGh gP H gdG GhCG Yj M ,OdG AcP He
jedG J GY e jOdG dG NGO Qe CG LG OdG QX if
Oeh ,cP T a : GfBG IFdG dG GQdG aGh dG SdG
.(G HdG hdG NGO Mh Oj c FGSEG LGJ) HY S NGO
e MG VJ e OhM ij jGQ e EG L NG EG
J iNCG bGSG HGK jGd aGe g ddGh .AGd UN
NCdh . bdG NG Y dG H ,eSEG jdG g dG
eCG Gee'' a H HS fOQhCG b c ,G S Y dG
jdG AY a j SCG H ,jdG Afd Ofi ec dG QM ''MCG
QGTCHh (dG Qe) dG OH IQdG Je a jdG LGh EG SEG
eY a G j M IdG f d dG Oj gh .fCG
a c ,jedG H b g e c d ,G dG eYh ,MdG
dG HQ EG gG `` Qj hCG MU QOCG `` IQTEG gh OQG eY
.aGH
: dG edG dG jf ``

Y GMCG jGH f J dG MG g J ,dG EG jaEG e

,dG ,AjRCG ,AT c G dG Rj SdG MG g .jf
RGTd YJ IQU gh ,UdG GM a e Vah J .jdGh
VhY J j c dhGJ Y Ie fdG WCG eGH GJ e
: 2006 S fdG FdG fGd
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dh d dCG : GY
.IdGh bG ,GeCGh bGdG ,AGh dG b e cYe{
.(1)z! MCG OGH EG dG GYO ddG e Y MH
Vj kVe kGNG ,dG j c ,''ddG G'' g
UY HdG dG T dG `` OGH Sjh bG c ''dG'' e
aGGh Gh dG U a J k eg k fe `` fGh IQ d
AY'' a EG .dGh fH OGfG d GSG j Gg .GH
bdG H JCj dG G a .Vhh MGH Gg Y j EG ''jdG
dG MdG FSh g Gh OQGh a ,aGG e J dG NGO
G Yjh ,d j h ,IQG dG Yj dG ''dG'' jdG AY C eh
.! WQh e Ljh a
Y G dG Y G d eQ H jdG AY a j
dG EG H jdG MdG e d kFf kM J dG HdG dG jW
! Fa ce Y
dG YG M jdH G J jedG g Id f CG G e
ed Gk f `` jdG AY a fEG S CG `` dG EG 1969 S 11 dHCG Uh
.JadG OG k ,dG Y c HdG
SCGh QhRCG .5

HGh L VG jM ,jG GC `J `SdG Q`dG HhQhCG `b

c `dG A`ZCG `MCG `H H`eh `Ve `L `J `bEG `eR ,`SCG
QOj SCG ,VdG e jNCG H QGbCG `J .QhRCG `SGh `dG `W k`W
jh dG ` .Y`bEG QhRCG dGh `gOW CG H `UCG g`H EG JdGh e
jh ,dG e NBG dG L Ve Y `d a`j CG Q`jh QhRCG
Uh H .Ve JOOQ W dG jGhdG J c e Ghd `G jQ`M
Z EG a e JM J bh Y j `L O`H EG QhRCG `TCG `dG
.fdG FdG fGd SdG bG e e (1)
- 68 -

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HH VG Ma ,AdG eU H .IdG cJ KQhh LhR e CG H

JVG CG EG dH SCG NCG J CG J d ,H MGh SGh
EG j`W `LCG e eb dG dG H e dG EG GgCGh `G
Y gc bh G jH `dG YRj c CG Hh .G j`M j``
Jh .d j e NC j c VCGh ,e`dG `eGb ,KCG `c
SCa ,NBG OH e LhR Y e MGh c H IS jf j`G
G jQM Y a QhRCG eCG ,G jQM jb e HhQhCG jQM hj
.bdG
VdG Yb QGfCG J ,(2006) ''SCGh QhRCG'' a VY A fH
cTh ,dG ASCG VY j CG bh ,jdG jL fCG Y jQdG
G c NB X Gk je jQdH dG QG j ,jRdGh fEG
: Michel Ocelot ShCG e fdG
,jQH dG Gg jJ {
: dG aGdG j fl UCG e UTCG j Y
,fSEG ,dG ,e ,`H ,`eQCG ,`LQCG ,f`CG ,FG`G
,Shh ,HdG ,djEG ,GdG ,fjH ,fa ,jeCG IG jdG
,dG ,fJ ,cJ ,jQS ,dG ,a ,G ,Qecd ,d
.zdG
gG e e ge Hd jG jP IdG g LJ
CG VGdG e .QGdG Gg S Y he GDS EG fj ,d INCG
fEG dGc bGh Y adG H `` ed `` UN e KEG hj G
,ghCG ,V JYH dG d Qj e jh f j gh ,JGP
g QGbEG H ,bGd R fCG QYG Y jH IQdG e edG IQhV
eCG .jdG dG aGH jRd QNG Qj CG ShCG e Y j IYdG
IdG IQcG G a .dSd dG HdG a fdG IYdG
dG MhWCG gCG ShCG e d Lj ,eCG M .VH dP j
Y OG H e Id bGSG FS Y c dEG fG j
.2001 S e
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: G utopie jhHdG ``

`f `J H`dG `dG CG`H ,2001 ` S e `Y O`G ` H

dG G e VGh aGJ ` ``H jdG e`dG `b `SG
,Je LH d hCG dG e H dG YEG `SD e `N
``j ``dG CG`d `e ``jOh `SS G```c ``dG ``g `e``SGh
.GdG Ia VGh H jh ,jdGh dG e dG jhHdG AGQh
ebEGh edG e NG eSEG d jOG G c
LCG e dG CGdG dS G jb e WdG Qeh jS H
dGh ,eSEG hdG Y jUdG Va e G VGh GgCG
G H e Id SS `` G GLCGh aGj gG d Y
HOCG J jL gh YU ,G SdG G Gg .IOQdG
QdG GSG Y k HS K bh .''AGG TdG'' `H jG aG
g fG EG fTCGh ,dG CGdG d SdG QdG Y KhQG dG
e jG GdG jf MG dG jeCG IG jdG e dG
dhf dG fa e hO jj e Lh M HhQhCG EG eSEG dG
.d Pc
(1976-1901) hde QfCG f dG S dGh jOCG C J d
jdGh MGdG dG EG{ : b M dG f dG GdG J Malraux
V jdG bdG fG Y cdG c CG a .zj hCG k jO S
jGQ e e fOQhCG a kHS jCGQ c jdG dG W G
EG L e K ,dG HG H e Ia fdG Y gcJh
jdG e NBG d eCG dG fEa ,IOQdG G jCG dG IQd jJh
.(1)(fV hCG e) QG dG fi jh ,bdG GAfG a J
UNh fdG adG dG HUCG dG dG g M e cCG Gbd
jZ kLP ShCG e a CG ,d e G fG
,G bdG dGh G HdG dG H Ye K Y ke gCG
dOe OMCG OLh J dG H GdG SC Va G j M
Andr

.2001 S e Y OG GMCG H dG TH QL WCG CG H TG IQY (1)

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OG H OS dG JGP VdG gh .MCG H Ke J OJ

UJ dG d ,kS ke dG hj b .2001 S e Y
Y eSEG d Le IgL kJ JW j LJ eCG j dG
.Fe jhHW d AGQh J b Z hCG b
: dG J ``

j Gg ,adG id dG HQfi NBG EG dhCG e dG j

HhQhCG dG GMCG GC J .d Lj b dG dH JG V fM MU
SCG dG HGh Jenane L bdG HG VJ M ,SdG QdG
e MG g .HhQhCG YbEG gS e dGh OdG EG ramsA
ij OS QWEG GMCGh Gh edG O g IdG GC J ,dG
dEG J dG dG EG ITe gH GMCG J (bO 99) dG Ie N
jGH e jGhdG UJ J M dG e iNCG dG OH dG T
j g .L He Y kH N dG YbEG HG Azur QhRCG dG Uh
Ja ,dG YG Kd bG dG dG Gg eCG f CG
hCG dG fG SdG hdG HhQhC ShCG e Lh dG dH
e NBG dG Jch YJ Y dG GMCG c SG H ,dG e
d kW kWe gCGh G e j dG AdG ,dG ge M dG
G T RGdG e Yf dG a ij b ASG g .NBG
dG QhRCG j dG dG g J M ,Crapoux HGc HhQhCG
e a c EGh eG g d ,JGeh aKh dG gC Gk QMG
QJ e J e YS dG ,dG bGeh dG HW CG EG dH bEG
dCG dG G dH bEG ce T e ,GMCG
HG e Qj dG edG LdG T e IjdG bdG dH
.L
VGdG ShCG RfG jh gCG j NBG Y EG kjCG f CG j
jBG FGQJc ``M `eCG ``dG g``e ``MCG ``j ``M ,``dG
d Gk eQ SEd jOG fdG HOCG gJ dG Sainte-Sophie aU
a H e EG dG fi dG dG dM CG H ,G
QhO hCG OS jJ CG hO dG NGO G Gg LGJ EG .(1453) d
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Y gG gdG QdG WJ ge jed VGh GSG g GMCG

.SEG
dG GMCG H jQdG OMCG HJ jedG g O CG c
K eh ,jQGSH kYfG d 2001 S e Y OG H f
G dG d FGQJdG eCG cdG a bj dG G bEG a
de Jh hCH J fK jeQ gh ,(dG eQ) AH eM SCG
.edG e jH eSEG d dG

aU jBG FGQJc eCG AdG ed SCG dG WEG

: jdG J ``

LQ`Gh d`fd``dG j`YdG QKBG ``H ``dG ` CG ``G ``e

CG j gh .dG a j dG jdGh QG GdG jf S Y
.fdG gdG eb eSEG dG IQU jj dG cGdG HdH f
N eh ,HGc G e dL QhRCG GC j M dG EG ShCG e j
e ,FKdG GZKEG dG J OJ aK UJ G d Qj dG
J e YS d ,jdG Gh AjRCGh dG GdCG EG G cCG GfCG
OG Z dG H bh Qd ge LJ M JAGH dG
Nj ,AKCG J .dH QOj dG YdG MCG YH Y QhRCG HhQhCd
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d Y G LQj jY GQY LJ M ,QhRCG Y kaGe NBG FH

z? kjZ d fCGh{ dG Od ,zfjj GhDhH AHdG ADg{ hCG FdG
N J jHH H dG OQ N e Qf gh .kHY fc EG IQTEG
QNG b G CG VGdG e .dG bdG HdG j GC H QdG CG HdG
G jCG aGZKEG J cJ dG dG GP H d dG
fCch ,HhQhCG Y kaGe HdG j M dP IM jJh .dfddG
VY G OH EG HhQhCG Ud hCG gG CGh UN MGh N
e d YCG fCG kYe bZE VG dG jhbQdG Y H d
.! OVG
: Gh HdG H ``

SGQd LPc gS jdG dG Y ''SCGh QhRCG'' a j

Y .H WMCG dG LdjjEGh SdG hdG Ge j e EG
Y OYG jGQ d SCG dG aGZfjEG e kjb H dG ie
SdG NGO dG IQU SSCG aGZ H Lc SQdG G
Gee'' H KCJh jGQ H QfG ShCG e j h .cG
dP Y j `c `ShCG `aCG QKBG `H ` `H UN ''`MCG `eCG
CG c .dG j H QU dG (2000) ''GeCGh AGeCG a''
TCG EG dh MdGh IMdG ce e g IOYEG dG d H
J GSG Y ShCG e SG .''MCG eCG Ge e'' fG M
Azur et Asmar (2006) ''SCGh QhRCG'' NCG CG EG eaCG H aGZfjEG
.Kirikou et la Sorcire (1998) ''IMdGh jc'' dG H Gk Qhe
gS dG dG dGdG H MG a IQdG ee eCG
L ; dG j e LdG He bdG ICGG IQa .HdG dG
dG YbEG V a .Ld V bdG f d ,Lh cP HG
fC e Qj dG G HdG LdG Vh ,HGh g Y e gOj
gb M d AcdG Ibe W ,dG T IeCG Th .e ibCG
J Ff T CG M Sb LM a j ,SGH G
.T fGL e kfL hCG dG Y
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Qhj e : bG c e fc Y a ,f dG IQU eCG

e ,IdGh G a jh ,dG QdGh MdG dG SDdG a
(dG) saimourh QdG FWh ,MC G SCc jdG TMdG a FY
dG QdG Ic WGTCG j JGP bdG h ,OHS jM e MG
V Y dG T IeCG VJ dG IQG BG e dTCG H
bG e c .(SQG) bGdG dG cGeh dG SQGe EG ,QhRCG
UN ,G VGh Ia Y j CG gG Y j dG Vd bCG
eh .Ye FSdG J IQN j ,WCG a e NCG Gg e c GPEG
jdH dG g id Gk c kM b ''SCGh QhRCG'' a CG EG f CG G
NGO SGh H d hj LZGH IOe e UCG LQO EG ,SCG HQCG idh
MG EG FGHG bCG e Jje c eG Zh eG SQGG
.bGdG edG Ia AGQh kbfG ,jfdG
,fBG ce Y ` dG a`VEG d `J CG HG`dG `d `j
AGdG dM g da ,EG jdG AY a `d Gk Q`e `e f`c Ea
eCG .jdG dG e dG j`f f`H `e b`Y Y `S dG
QhRCG'' a GMCG VH J a dG fa J dG IdG ce
CGJ M dG e hCG AG jQfi fc
k e efG a .''SCGh
IMGh HJ j VdG e jNCG W SCGh QhRCG ifh ,HhQhCG e GMCG
J HU j dUCGh fd Y SG j dG SCG d ,L HG e
H cG GC J .jhbQdG dG Ph IdG HCG QhRCG VdG e NCG
aQh UCG d kJ SCG a iHCGh ,H QGO dG QGG H GLjh
SDG dG LJ dG d WSEG iS d gG J EG .efG
Y e H YEG FSh d hJh ,jLG AHC fdG SdG
EG G SCG aJ f e gh ,jdGh dH eJG Y cdG
.dd NCG ZQ QdG
Y fOY c ,ahXh dG QH QJ Y GSG fOY d
dM d ,c YJ dG hdG SS e ZGh VGdG Hh
H dGh HOCG GQdG bH Y Je QdG Gg W dG jQGSG
Y AfG e QdG Gg QKfG Y j ZdHh .HK YGb Y RJQG
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jQdG a ,jdG g U Y Y dO eb b dG CG EG ,dfddG

QdG Gg CG U .HOCGh dG GSG Y jM fOQhCG c YdG
d LhCG hCG Lh HG d ,HdG e fQe iNCG dGh OCG LGJ
G f Y AHEd gG QhO e cCG H J IjL H e
YGdG dSGh ,(dh d dCG jM) aGH G jQddG
M jQdG KCG Uh fEG .jMh b eSEG dG V G
gOSGh jdG e H J ZQ ,IQhdG YO c gjh gGdG H
j . fCG f dG OcCG GY H dPh , eCG Z QO e EG
GfCG LJ Y jM (1)Christian Chelebourg QT jc QahdG
: dh d dCG j L

C dG QTCG Y J H H a fG dG ,L LJ EG{
,UCG UdG IH ILGG bGdG gd aMh ,HdG WG
.(2)z...Sa b TM J c Kj dG L

.2 fjQ eH fdG GOBG PSCG ,Christian Chelebourg QT jc (1)

.Christian Chelebourg QT jd Le surnaturel potique et criture c e e (2)

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UJ
fHdG HdG If .1

,dG YU NGO cG SdG H J dG FSG VdG EG

K he OLh Y H
q kdOh dG dG G Qd kfGY L
IdG gh jeCG IG jdG CG fd G eh .jd Hb
K .fa gHh HdG Jh ,G Gd Ye dG idG jObG
TEG d .YdG eG AfG e dG SdG ZH aY hO
QGdH jeCG IG jdG OGfG H jGJ jG VdG Va dG
Vah ,eYEG fEGh jRdG cT cCG dG e h ,hdG
fHdG HdG d .QG GdG LCJ SCG e aK C
g gG fi e j Gk jL kfRGJ Vah ,OhG g GNG YSG
IQU d VJ dG jdG dTE bGh M e aJ b ,SGQdG
.Gh SEG
b EG UdG bJ QGSCG a EG fHdG HdG fOj
m G KGH YJ hCG bdG e CG hO ITe HT Wflh ,dG
OjC
Y Va CG H Ic TEG ke fHdG dG LGh d .eCG Z
MG H UN dGd NCGh ,eQU HbQ jeCG IG jdG
e EG fHdG FdG YdG jH MG Ib QOH .1945 S HdG
SDe dd CfCGh ,SdG e e LdjjEG LJ j
RJQGc g GG IS ,Civil Censorship Detachement dhCG Hbd
iNCG jY SD J f`a ,fdG SD`G `eCG .Head-Quarters
SDG Jg Va bh Supreme Commandement of the Allied Powers : SG
J H SdG QdG Ia ke hJ dG YCG Y IjT HbQ
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HbdG SDG g bJ (GQedG) fHdG HG adG e TCG

gf iYH jQdG aCG e NBG ka e UGh H OhG J Y
Y Max Tessier jSCG dG G dG j .''YbEG hd''
OYh .zYbEH ke c fdG Rh dG j a c EG{ : IdG g
HdG d ''dG jP Y jdG LdG'' : dP Y dd a
Lh dP He h .GhcjEG c d ,''LhO e Ia''h ,GhGRhQc dG
jdG gOf Gk c kYO Gjg WfS d ''dGh G'' e aCG
.d
H ,a aCG ee NdG Y jeCG MG Ib bJ
G CG EG GJ b fHdG FdG CG EG .fEG cd c e
d gQXEG hjj dG IQdG Oh ,aK Y J S d MdG
CfCG ,1957 S h .jeCG dG e hG j ,JQM Y
e Unijapan Film SG jce SDe IdG fHdG fEG cT
H cQG j dG aCG Yf jh ,Qd eaCG jJ
dG H ba a ,WCd LG LfEG eCG .IdG dhdG fLG
Sd e K g dG Hda ,NQCG OhM QN EG dUh
e VG LQd dG jO dGh LfEG aJh ,dG cG
LfEG eCG gOU d fEGh jRd bJG Y jO jQWGeEG
.Re H kY hCG UCG dG ke L gjSG
m
MCG Y N
a ,G e jd G cG SdG eCG
e QMG e ,g ejCG EG VG dG e dG Ia e , c
d j c ad jhdG eh HbdG LGM Jh ,dG WCG gj
.T hCG b hO
dG JGSG .2
c j CG Y dG eSEG dG LGj dG eYEG dG EG
e IdG jdG dG UNh ,HdG dG CGdG EG Ud dG
hj e c jH NCG j ,G Gg e .jdG G QhO e S
e j e dch ,FdG aCGh fjdG eGdG Gh SEG Y
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dGh dG HGdG c PJGh ,ffEG Y jdG d fl eGH

,fh .LdG fHdG HdH AGbG ,kbT hCG c kHZ NBG EG Ud
c QYG H gNCG e H dG UdG e Y ,OdG Gg
: dc gOQf T e gh ,dG Gg LG jQG
: dG OCH UN T
kjQfi c HOCG dG CG jdGh Y SdG fdG H KCG d
dh d dCG jM EG f gh .jJh Gh dG IQU jJ
jdG ANEG e d LhG bh .a G ee H RGHEG S dG
: f G Gg eh .FdG IAGdG AGQh LdjjEG
OhM Y Gj jdG bG dG IQSCG d dG EG IYdG .1
Y QGh NGdG eSEG IQG IQU Y IG gQKBG
e dG OCG Y Gh OcCG SGQO Mh Ghf
.dhOh HYf QhOh ,c
J d jQJ Hh ,SGh f Y M WEG .2
.''GHEG Y HbdG'' e ihYO eeCG j G
IQdG J HOCG FGH OjEG Y J FGO Y J . 3
.ShQeh Gh H Gh SEd G
c H jRJh ,UCG eSEG HOCG GdG Ld GQOe WEG .4
cdG a j jdG iG : ShQe MGe K Y HdG OdG
iG Y ,fdG MGh ; J IadG HdG dG Y
ch U HdG QG e OY cCG EG UdG a j ,SG
fdG j dG La bande dessine IQG FGdG a YO Y
SbG YO a ,eCG IdG MG eCG ;c H eY dGh
dc iNCG FSh Yh ,fjJ YCG jdG OCG Gg e
.QG e OY cCG EG dUh d jdG dCGh ,ffEGh
: dG dG H UN T
.e H NGJ jY bY hCH dG Gg bY CG EG fG j
fHdG HdG e IOSG g jh .RGe H ke H dG f Gdh
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dG EG JQU UJ CG YSG H fCG dhCG : gCG jZ d

WMCG dG IdG OdG ZQh ,fdG dG G e ee LhN ZQ
G HdG jRdG S GNG Y JQb j dG dGh ,LfEH
: dc gOQf HGdG e Y EG Yf ,S e Y kSCJh .MEG
cG SdG V J dG HCGh SGQdG YO EG IYdG .1
LCG e ,HdG hdG dG EG dUh d TEGh , fH dG
EG PdG e e dG ejdG ah ,HdG g e IOSG
.HdG G Y
kKHCG QJ cG SdG e Y eSEG ICg AfEG .2
eYh AGN eGb LfEG k N Jh UJh ,G Gg
jdG G hCG eSEG hdG NGO e AGS cG SdG b
.dG H e IOSd HdG fEG SDe GY
fEH JG SdG Zh SdG IdG HdG SDG IYO .3
H eb AGbG iDhdG Md GDe EG dG dG jRdGh
aCG jQe j dTE M OjEG ,K eh .fHdG cdG
H UdGh ,hdG fEG EG bJ j dG cG SdG
.dG fCG je Le e G Gg IFGdG fLG EG
d FSh OjEGh ,jRdG SGQO GDG g Y J CG f c
.dG HdG cdG VJ dG FGdG Y
LfEG H OjE dG Gg ed bGdG dG jdH gG .4
Lj ,dG jZ EGh ,fCG EG dG Qj gh .eSEG dG NGO
Yj ,eSEGh HdG OdG c cG SdH UN e
QG HQh ,G Gg jdG e SDe AfEG EG
IG jdGh fa e c jdG dhdG jdG SD
.IG FSdG MCG Y Wd ,HdGh Gch jeCG

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