Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Supervised By:
Saqib Hussain
Business Development Manager
Email: Saqib.Hussain@azgard9.com
Internship Advisor:
Tariq Hameed Alvi
Lecturer Management Sciences
Submitted By:
Saad Mahmood
MBA-FA08-124
Submission Date:
September 1, 2009
Azgard Nine Limited Internship Report
Acknowledge
At first I am thankful to Almighty ALLAH and the Holy Prophet (P.B.U.H), their
blessings have been have with me in all good and bad times.
Then I’m grateful for the thorough support by my advisor Prof. Tariq Hameed
Alvi for helping me determine the objective of the report and guiding me though to
get to the end. He made me grateful with his valuable suggestions from time to time
during my internship.
I must thank Mr. Saqib Hussain (Business Development Manager) and Shah
Bano ( Deputy Manager Marketing) for providing related information on which this
project is based. He has been a great support from the choice of the topic, learning
of different part of research and understanding the difference between theory and
practices.
I really should thank every other employee of Azgard9, whom I found during
different phases of my internship. Most of them have been very open and friendly
with me and provided me with the answers I needed from them. They were the
constant source of inspiration and encouragement that helped in completion of my
internship.
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Table of Contents
Page
1. Executive Summary 1
2. Industry Overview 2
2.1 Textile Industry 2
2.2 Spinning Industry 3
3. Introduction of Organization 6
3.1 History of Azgard9 7
3.2 Company Vision 7
3.3 Company Mission 8
3.4 Core Values 8
3.5 Corporate Philosophy 9
3.6 Code of Business Principle 9
3.7 Products 10
3.8 Services 10
3.9 Name of Department 10
3.10 Name of Unit 10
3.11 Structure of Unit 11
3.12 Culture 12
3.13 Customer 12
3.14 Markets 12
5. A Managerial View 19
5.1 Departmental Flow Chart of GBU 19
5.2 Planning Process and Tools / Techniques 20
5.3 Organizational Structure and Design 36
5.4 Communication 37
5.5 Motivational Techniques Used 39
5.6 Controlling Authorities 39
5.7 Control Approaches Used 39
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9. Conclusion 52
10. Recommendations 52
11. Bibliography 53
12. References 53
13. Glossary 54
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1. Executive Summary
This report consists of my six weeks internship at Azgard9 Limited which is situated
at Manga, Raiwind Road, near Lahore. Azgard is consistently focusing on improving
performance so that risks can be left far behind. Azgard is a responsible entity which
is highly committed to comply with the corporate, envoi mental laws and to conduct
their business with utmost honesty and sincerity. At Azgard it is believed that
development can only be achieved by equality and respect at work place. They have
been doing it for decades and there is no doubt they are reaping its benefits.
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2. Industry Overview
We all know, journey of textiles start from seed and culminates at ready-to-
wear garments and in present competitive world scenario, it is combination of high
production efficiencies, most appropriate technologies and work methods, together
with trained work force, management and marketing skills which give any Industry a
successful status.
The salaries and wages that Textile sector provides to workers is 40 billion
per annum. Its contribution to R & D is Rs. 116 million per annum. This very
remarkable achievement did not come easily and is due to combined and tireless
efforts of the Govt. planners, industrialists, technical support staff and our hard
working and inexpensive labor. On the top of these, Pakistan has been blessed with
suitable climate and perennial supply of good quality water to grow about 1.7 million
tons per annum of lint cotton, “the silver fiber” that forms a natural and sound base
for a viable textile industry. Pakistan textile industry consumed 1441 million Kg raw
cotton and 406 million Kg fiber during 1998 – 1999.
Value-added product exports of Pakistan Textile industry are very less. The
percentage of yarn exports in total textile exports in total textile exports in 20% and
percentage of cloth is 24% while 56% of total textile exports includes others textile
manufacturers. We should product more value-added products because if we see
the value addition chain the prices of cotton, yarn, cloth, garments, towels, bed wear
are US$ 1.33, US$ 2.33, US$ 5.41, US$ 6.71, US$ 4.05, US$ 5.51 per Kg
respectively. Thus we can earn additional foreign exchange by exporting value-
added products.
Areas comprising West and East Pakistan were big producers of good quality
cotton and jute fibrous raw materials but the value-added conversion industries were
mainly located around the Indian cities if Bombay and Calcutta in the respective
order. At the time of independence Pakistan was producing about one million bales
of cotton, which were exported and from the receipts, cloth and yarn for the
handlooms were imported. The Govt. took notice of this situation immediately and
encouraged setting up mills in both the wings of the country and in 1960 installed two
million spindles and 30,000 looms. In those days Govt. sanctioned only composite
mills with 25,000 spindles, 500 looms and a wet processing unit to finish the cloth
produced in mills. The balanced quality of yarn was required to be sold often through
an official channel to the weavers of handlooms and later to the power looms. The
mill owners made huge profits but their efforts for further investment were hindered
due to paucity of foreign exchange.
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After the separation of East wing, Pakistan was left with about 2.5 million
working spindles but growth was continuous and rapid and by 1985, the figure
reached 3 million. At that time the Govt. took a decision to convert all the home
growth cotton into yarn and for the first time, decided to waive the requirement of
getting official sanction for setting up a spinning mill. This decision opened the
floodgate and in just five years, the capacity increased to 5 million spindles. The
present working capacity is about 8,358 million spindles and 166,000 rotors. It may
be mentioned that about 1.724 million spindles are lying idle in 143 financially sick
mills which being of old technology have become redundant.
Development in the spinning sector is not in numbers alone but there is also
an improvement in average productivity. On the basis of 20/1 count productivity has
gone up from 190 grams in 1986-87 to 235 grams per shift per spindle in 1996-97.
Pakistan exported 508 tons that is about 33% of total cotton yarn produced in 1996-
97 and this makes her the largest exporters in the world with a share of about 28%.
This is not to be very proud of because of the yarn in a primary and not a value-
added commodity. Incidentally it has been estimated that about 70% of the total
cotton yarn is exported directly or after conversion into the value-added products.
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Pakistan exports yarn to the following major countries: Hong Kong (25.38% of
total yarn export), Japan (19.72%), South Korea (8.90%), Asian countries (8.31%),
Dubai (3.72%), China (7.77%), and USA (4.81%).
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3. Introduction of Organization
Azgard9 Limited
Azgard is represented and embodied by the LOGO we have created; the oval
male form is representative of the universe and the void or female portion in the
centre, where ‘THE GODS RESIDE’. The universe is cradling the void as if to protect
as well as nurture it as it is contained in the centre of the ‘WOMB’ of the universe in a
fetal position.
The significance of Nine for our company is not just based on this mythology
but also connected with the auspicious nature of this number throughout many
different elements in and of the world today that affect humans and their behavior.
The number ‘NINE’ is considered to be an auspicious and important number in
Indian, Chinese, Japanese, and Greek, cultures for various different reasons.
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Azgard-9 Nine Limited is one of the oldest business groups on the Asian sub-
continent. It was started as a family business over four generations ago. The Sheikh
Family, now in the fourth generation, is one of the oldest business families in the Sub
Continent with experience in many different sectors. The family began its first
operations in 1886 as a first Ginning factory in Shamkot India.
After the formation of Pakistan in 1947, the group saw massive growth, whilst
consolidating its position in the market. At the end of this period the group employed
over 15000 people.
In 1972 the group became international by expanding to Ireland in the textile sector.
In 1978 the group established a presence in the United States by acquiring Burke
Mills Inc. in North Carolina. By 1980 this presence was also expanding and fortified
with the addition of another company Tennessee Textiles. The group was now
solidly focused on the textile sector. We set up AZGARD NINE LIMITED in 1994 as
a fully integrated vertical denim unit for fabrics and garments in collaboration with
LEGLER SPA. Of Italy.
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“To retain a leadership position as the largest value added denim Products
Company in Pakistan”
(d) Ethics
Professional behavior shall be entertained. e.g. gifts and favors will not
be accepted
Personal beliefs of employee will be respected
Responsibility and accountability
Changes in Policies/Procedures shall be informed beforehand to the
concerned individuals
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Work ethics:
Attendance
Teamwork
Appearance
Attitude
Productivity
Cooperation
Respect
Character
Communication
Rights of gender
Religion
Race
Encourage Employees on the basis of
Education
Experience
Professionalism
The Company does not discriminate on the basis of
Religion
Race
Ethnic Values
Gender
Cost
Nationality
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3.7 Products
Specialized Yarns
Denim Fabrics
Denim Garments
3.8 Services
Construction of 2.5 Kms road leading from the main Multan Road to a
nearby village.
Set up a Police Post in the adjacent village
Cost sharing with Punjab Govt in arranging Annual Lahore Marathon
Race (All categories)
To promote & set-up facilities for technical as well as general education
programs.
To start community social development programs in areas of health,
education, civic facilities etc.
Marketing Department
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PRODUCT
DEVELOPMENT
MERCHANDISING
SAMPLING
CUTTING
STITCHING
WASHING
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3.12 Culture
3.13 Customers
3.14 Markets
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The department of specialized yarn started its production in 1972. And they
are yearly producing 67 million/ LBS per year. And the department of spinning
division started its production in 1995, its produce 400 bags per day.
The range includes both Greige cotton and dyed cotton yarns, blended yarns and
pure synthetic yarns we also offer organic cotton yarns for those customers who
demand it. We are cotton ASA certified and can provide certificates upon request.
Our open end yarns are used primarily in the denim sector. They lend themselves
perfectly for these applications and have achieved a very high degree of brand
loyalty in the markers in which they are sold. Technical data about machinery and
plant equipment and capacities is available in the “technical data” section.
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Plucker
Steamer
Separator
Sensor
Carding
Laboratory
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The department of denim division started its production in 1995. And they are
yearly produce 14.4 million meters of fabric.
The primary focus and concentration of the denim division is to produce value
added fashion forward advanced denim fabrics which are in line with the marker
leaders located around the world. But at a proce point that truly offers the best buy to
our customers.
We are nominated to be the only supplier in Pakistan for some of the largest
and most prestigious customers from around the world.
Azgard-9 has state of the art manufacturing facilities employing rope dyeing and
air jet weaving technology. Our total capacity will be 26 million linear meters by
year’s end 2005.
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INPUT
SPINNING
BALL WRAPING
DYING
REBEAMING
WEAVING
FINISHING
FABRIC
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The department of garment division started its production in 1996. They are
fulfilling the initial minimum order quantity 7000 pieces. But, now the total production
of the garment division is per day 12000 pieces.
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CAD
Cutting
Stitching
Washing
Finishing
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5. A Managerial View
PRODUCT
DEVELOPMENT
PRODUCTION
PLANNING CONTROL
MERCHANDISING
SAMPLING
CUTTING
STITCHING
WASHING
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The 2nd main function of PD department is to issue the Technical sheet which
is also known as production sheet. This Technical sheet describes every single
complication in the order.
Many Technical problems are solved and explained in this sheet. The
technical book contains the following contents:
Style summery
Stitching standards.
Accessories standards.
Packing standards.
Customer specs MS.
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Thread Calculation,
Fabric Consumption,
Merchandising Sheet
NO
Verification Of
Merchandising Sheet
Forward Merchandising
Sheet to Concerned
Department
Technical Sheet
NO
Verification Of Technical
Sheet
Final Verification of
Technical Sheet
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The main function of PPC is to plan from booking to shipment and giving the
final dates to the marketing department for the completion of orders.
For this purpose a graphical chart is made which tells the starting and
completion time of stitching operation. This chart can be based on coming 2 months
or more depending upon the load of orders. The chart on next page shows it clearly.
Potential Planning
Departmental Goals
Time and Action Plan.
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Potential Analysis
(Unit Selection)
Deliverance Finalization
Order Allotment
Monthly Cut\Shipment
Induction Plan
Distribution Of
Orders in Lines
Plan Discussion
With Production
Distribute Of Plan
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First of all, the Customer sends inquiry to the marketing department. There
are two ways regarding inquiry depends on the demand of the customer. i.e.
With Garment
Without Garment
After completing the target the finish garment ready for shipment. Before the
15 to 20 days of shipment payment should be received.
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Customer
Inquiry
After Approval
Order Confirmation
Purchase Order
Sales Contract
Performa Invoice
Production
Payment
Shipment
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Then a sample called inquiry sample is sent to the customer in which some
developments are made. Customer can make changes in it by giving suggestions.
After making some modifications the customer sends the sample to sampling
department. Where another sample is made which meets the customer modifications
and suggestions. This sample is called ‘approved sample’.
A size set is then sent to the customer along with preproduction sample. The
customer select one specific size called base size out of that size set provided if he
passes the sample. This selected sample is called ‘sealed sample’.
After the approval of this sample it is sent to the marketing department and
then to Production Development (PD). Where Technical sheet is received. This
Technical sheet along with sample of fabric is sent for the Production Check Runner
(PCR) where shrinkage of swatches is measured. The values of shrinkage
allowances based on PCR are noted on shrinkage report and sent to the GGT,
where values of allowances are adjusted in the base pattern.
Then final marker is received for the purpose of cutting fabric for at least 6
pieces. Then fabric is cut according to the marker and ready to be stitched. Cuttings
are stitched and sample is created.
Before wash and after wash measurements are made in the sample. Change
in dimensions is noted on a report and that report is again sent to GGT. Where some
amendments are made in the drawing to overcome the shrinkages in bulk
production. The sample is sent to Quality department which send a quality report to
Quality manager.
There should be more pattern makers (trained) as the load to pattern master
ratio seems too much. Wastage of time can be controlled.
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Cutting
Stitching
Washing
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Flow of work
In CAD
Digitizing
Converter
Marker Making
Send to Plotter
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3 manual Cutters
Stitching Department
Washing Department
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PPC MARKER
CHECKING
FABRIC AVALIABILITY
SPREADING
NUMBERING
PCR CUTTING
STACKING
PCR MEASUREMENT/
WIP
CHECKING
AMENDMENT ON PCR
PATTERN NO
CHECKING
YES
MARKER MAKING
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Small Parts
Back Parts
Front Parts
Assembling
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Panel Patch
Watch Pocket
NO.1 Attach
Pocket
Formation
Panel Patch
NO.2 Attach
Front Right
&Left Pocket
Attach
Panel Patch
NO.2 Attach
Back Pocket
Formation
Front Fly
Dart Formation
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Panel Patch
In Sean
NO.1 Attach
Out Sean
Panel Patch
NO.2 Attach
Labeling
Panel Patch
NO.2 Attach
Waste Band
Belt Loops
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WASHING
WASH CHECKING
DISPATCH TO FINISHING
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WIP
Accessories
Cutting &
trimming
Finishing
Press
Packing
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Organization Structure
Employees of AZGARD
NINE GROUP
Cl
,
ills
ea
sk
rD
ew
i re
CEO Shift In
,n
cti
charge
cy
on
-V
alu
ge om
es
,V
ts
ve ance
i si
Asst Supervisor
on
Manager
ac r form
, Mi
hie
ssi
on
,G
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5.4 Communication
There are two main sources from where information can be obtained regarding office
telephone extensions i.e. Consult the Telephone list in your department or Dial “0” to
talk to company operator for further details.
The direct dialing from operator for official work can be managed through dialing “0”
from the office extension. Please note that mostly we dial “0”; the operator will attend
your phone; provide your information regarding your name, department and office
extension; the operator will ask you to hold; operator will dial the number and direct
you to talk. The maximum period for one call is restricted to 5 minutes due to
pressure of calls on telephone lines / telephone exchange. Please show patience
when dialing the operator.
To create the E-mail account of an employee, the employee will communicate the
name, designation and department with the Information Technology (IT) department.
The employee has to fill the “User Account Creation Form” to activate the Login
name and E-mail address. E-mail shall be provided if recommended by Head of
Department (HOD), otherwise only Login name will be created for the employee.
Those employees who were recommended to get E-mail address shall submit the
“User Account Creation Form” to IT department and the System Administrator will
activate their E-mail address.
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Major applications:
1. Send / Receive E-mail
2. Address Book
3. Create Signature
4. Attachment of file
The IT department is located on the first floor near Managing Directors (MD) room.
There are two main notice boards for administrative information located in the
garment passage hall. There are two directions to reach the notice boards. Firstly,
enter the garment gate, pass the IN/OUT machine, walk ten (10) meters and you will
find the notice board at your right hand wall. Secondly, enter the reception gate, pass
the reception, enter the tunnel passage and turn to your right or left at the end of the
tunnel passage. You will find the notice board pasted on the adjust walls.
However, there are departmental notice boards located in each department to paste
their information. The further departmental notice board information can be gathered
from the respective departments in detail.
What are the major information’ communicated by the means of Notice board?
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• Foreign
• Incentive Scheme Training Trips • Residential
(On achieving tar gets) Colony
• Performance Based
• Provident Fund Annual Increments
Scheme
• Variable Pay
• Group Scheme
Insurance • Car Scheme
Managing Director (MD) and General Manager (GM) are the controlling
authorities over there.
Personal observation
Statistical Reports
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Specialized Yarns
Denim Fabrics
Denim Garments
Formalization: “The act of making formal by stating formal rules and standards.”
Azgard9 is a formalized Organization. There are some set rules and standards which
every employee has to follow.
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Centralization: Its both FPR i.e. Ferozepur Road site and Manga site are
centralized except their production department.
Size: Azgard9 Ltd is about a 100 million US $ company with sales offices in five (5)
countries. Our business includes Specialized Yarns, Denim Fabrics and Denim
Garments.
Technology: AZGARD 9 has state of the art manufacturing facilities employing rope
dyeing and air jet weaving technologies. Our Total capacity will be 28 million linear
meters by year ending 2010.
External Environment: As Azgard9 deals with the foreign market only. So the
company strong competition with its foreign competitors.
GM and MD are involved in decision making. And also head of the departments take
part in formal decision making.
Being formalized organization, all the disputes and conflicts are sent to the next
higher authority in the hierarchy. And authority decides its resolution.
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Better performance
Providing value added products
Providing on demand washing effects
Adopted pull and push strategy
Providing better products at lower rates
Strengths:
Vertical Composite Unit
Multinational Company dealing with worldwide big brands (e.g.: H&M,
Diesel)
Unique washing and dying
Two power supply units
Weaknesses:
Health and safety Environment problems
Manual cutting
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Opportunities:
Company is going to launch a new local brand in 2009
TQM Implementation is one of its big opportunities.
Threats:
Competitors ( CBL, US Denim)
Political instability in Pakistan
Performance
Goals
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International Market
Local Market
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Azgard has local market as well as export market; therefore the major job of
all the marketing managers is defined. The major steps, which are involved in the
process, are as follows.
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Scope
Purpose
To maintain & increase the export with better quality goods and
services.
To ensure that services fulfill the needs of customers
Responsibilities
Dept. In charge To make inquiry to relevant section and watch all related
activities
First of all, customer send enquiry. He tells about his requirements that how many
quantity of yarn is required in what count and specification. In response the supplier
sends quotation to the customer and tells about the detail of his order. Suppliers see
whether he can meet his requirements or not. The negotiation is started between
seller and customer in which prices are settled, delivery date is decided and other
terms and conditions are discussed.
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At the end a sales contract is signed from parties, seller and customer. In his sales
contract following things are mentioned.
Costing
Costing Approval
If customer confirms the price offered, sale contract is issued to the customer
with complete details of price, quality, delivery, payments terms etc.
In this supplier’s bank and customer’s bank are involved. Therefore payment
is done through banks.
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1) LC Opening Bank
It is also called the bank of importing country.
2) LC Advising Bank
This bank provides LC to the suppliers. The supplier receives the LC
and starts the production.
3) Negotiating Bank
The supplier submits the required documents to this bank. Then this
bank provides the amount of LC to the supplier on certain terms and
conditions.
Performa Invoice
After the negotiation on prices took place and both the parties agreed, then the
Performa invoice is formed in which all the conditions of LC and total quantity of
order and the total price of that order is mentioned. The invoice is faxed to the buyer
and after the confirmation and opening of LC production is started of that order.
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Description
Amount US $ xxx
Production Memo
Shipment
If the goods are to be custom cleared at Multan fry port, these are sent to dry
port for clearance. Documents are sent to clearing agent same day or next day and
followed up to ensure that these goods are custom cleared without any unnecessary
delay. In case of dry port, original bill of loading and 4th copy of shipping bills are
collected from shipment departments. Concerned staff follows up dispatch of goods
with Karachi office port to ensure on time shipment.
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Post shipment documents are received from Karachi office and after proper
recording, handed over to finance department for negotiation. Shipping details are
noted in relevant registers. If there is any delay in receiving payments, relevant
person sends telex/ fax to customer for timely payment. Order registers are updated
periodically.
MIS Reports
Balance order instructions reports are updated periodically. Balance order list
is updated fortnightly for their information. Sale comparison reports are updated in
computer networks on monthly basis, it comprises one month’s status of shipment,
invoice values, complaints and claims (if any).
Quota Restriction
There are some countries where the quota restriction is imposed by the
importing countries. This quota is fixed on the basis of past experience. In these
countries where there is no quota restriction you can export as much as you can.
This is distributed by export promotion bureau among different mills.
Product
Azgard9 produces high quality yarn. It exports in foreign markets, sells in local
markets and along with that uses a major portion of its yarn in its own garment
department. All products are produced according to the requirements of customer
orders.
Price
Pricing is an important factor in the marketing process for any company. The
price policy of the company should be in such a way that it should produce a
reasonable profit, for the company and should satisfy the customers.
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Place
1) Direct
Azgard Nine Limited Customer
2) Indirect
Azgard Nine Limited Middle Man (agent) Customer
Promotion
As the yarn is an industrial product, middle man (agent) plays a major role in
selling the yarn. However on the other hand the marketing department personally
contacts the customers and sells the product. Therefore personal selling is a major
promotional tool for Azgard’s marketing department.
Local sale section deals with the sale of yarn in local market. Therefore
manager local sales deal with the local parties for product selling.
For the sale in local market first they check industry rates and then they
began bargaining with the customers. The manager sets the rates with the parties
and terms and condition also by both the parties so in this way a contract is signed.
Buyer Name
Seller Name
Product Specifications
Price
Delivery Time
Place etc
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Commission is also set by the company with agent if the agent is involved
here. Then order is given to the production unit confirming the date of destination
etc. So in this way local sale is done.
9. Conclusions
10. Recommendations
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11. Bibliography
http://www.azgard9.com/html/financial-information.htm
http://www.azgard9.com/html/Security-Analyst.htm
http://www.azgard9.com/html/financial-
info/2008/Security%20Analys_g%20-%20Q1.pdf
http://www.js.com/pakistan-financial-news-latest_75.asp
http://www.pacra.com/
http://www.brecorder.com.pk/index.php?currMIndex=16&currPageNo=1
12. References
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14. Glossary
IT Information Technology
LC Letter of Credit
MD Managing Director
MS Merchandising Sheet
PD Product Development
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