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The density is considerably reduced by using fly ash based cellular lightweight
concrete than normal concrete and at the same time, the strength is not affected by
appropriate design mix. When we use this type of concrete we achieve large volume by
less amount of concrete. The manufacturing process of this type of concrete does not
involve any high cost techniques. Manufacturing process of CLC is similar to normal
concrete and in this additionally foam generating machine is used. We are committed
to expanding and sharing the knowledge, experience and techniques of cellular light
weight concrete, and to promoting its ever wider use.
INTRODUCTION
• The lower densities of 400 –600 kg/m3 are ideal for thermal insulation
applications. CLC’s fire, termite, water-proof-ness, termite-resistance, very low
water absorption and environment friendliness. This range is also used in laying
sound insulating layer over structural slabs of intermediate floors in high-class
hotels and institution buildings to minimise transmission of noise between lower
and upper floors. It can also be used as a filling in depressions in bathrooms or
other floors due to up-stand beams etc. It make a far superior alternative to the
commonly used Thermocole, glasswool, woodwool etc.
• The medium density range 800-1000 kg/m3 is utilized for making pre-
cast blocks for non-load-bearing walling masonry in framed structures. The size
of blocks for the party/external walls may be 500x250x200 mm and the internal
partition blocks may be 500x250x100 mm nominal size, although any desired size
as per requirements, may be produced.
• The high density range from 1200kg/m3 (Crushing strength 65 kg/cm2) to 1800
kg/m3 (Crushing strength 250 kg/cm2) is structural grade material utilized for:-
(b) pouring the mixture into a form or mold of the intended concrete product
The typical mix for a 1.000 kg/m³ density CLC to be used in blocks is as follows (to
produce 1 m3):
• The impurities in mixed waste glass, such as metals, plastics, paper, and wood
should be separated. Waste glass should be ground to a particle size passing
through a number 30 sieve.
• Lime may include hydrated lime, quicklime or lime kiln dust. The lime kiln dust
should contain free CaO not less than 50%. The lime concentration in the form of
CaO should be up to 15% by weight of the mixture.
• Cement substitutes can be divided into two categories:
(i) reactive materials
(ii) non-reactive materials
(i) Reactive materials have cementitious or pozzolanic properties and can also be
supplementary cementing materials including ground blast furnace slag, coal
fly ash, natural pozzolans, ground steel slag and silica fume.
(ii) Non-reactive materials do not have any cementitious or pozzolanic
properties and usually act as inert fillers in hardened cement pastes or
concrete. Typical examples include: silica flour, crushed stone dust, saw dust
and/or pulverized ceramics.
ADVANTAGES OF CLC:
• CLC being the typical concrete, it keeps gaining strength with time, so long as
some moisture is available in the surroundings. It is therefore as weatherproof,
termite resistant, fireproof and durable as any other concrete.
• Cellular Lightweight Concrete is an environment friendly sustainable material
produced with least energy demand.
• Moreover CLC consumes a waste industrial product - Fly Ash - as one of its
basic constituent materials thereby helping to reduce environmental pollution.
• It substitutes use of burnt clay bricks, which are wasting precious agricultural
soil and need energy for baking and kiln smoke vitiate the atmosphere.
• Thinner walls in the case of CLC result in higher Carpet/Plinth area ratio
(106% to 107%) in comparison to brick alternative.
• CLC produced at project site saves energy expended in baking bricks, as
also energy spent in transporting bricks/ dense concrete blocks to site of work.
CLC blocks being lighter than bricks or Dense Concrete blocks save on labour
deployed for on-site handling, masoning, cutting and filling chases etc.
• The capital investment in production of CLC is far far less (in fact less than
0.05%) than the investment needed for producing Aerated Autoclaved
Concrete. Only one low investment Foam Generator needs to be added to
Concrete making establishment.
• Being integrally cast as a lightweight reinforced shell, these cellular light weight
concrete structures are highly resistant to earthquake shocks or storms in coastal
areas.
• Cellular light weight concrete, even in the structural grade densities, is nearly
three times thermally more efficient than brick or mud walls. Therefore even
thinner walls of CLC are better thermal comfort than single bricks/ dense concrete
block walls.
• Being industrialized system the speed of construction is very fast and the work
can be executed mostly with the help of unskilled labour.
• Production of CLC is cheaper than normal concrete since fly ash, available free
constitutes over 25% of its raw material contents.
• Better strength to weight ratio .
• Reduction of dead load resulting in saving of steel & cement and reduction in
foundation size.
• Better Acoustics and thermal insulation (Air conditioning requirement is
considerably reduced).
• Saving in consumption of mortar and Higher Fire Rating.
• Resistance to fungus, vermin and rot .
Strength:
The 28 day compressive strength of cellular light weight concrete varies from 18
Mpa to 20 Mpa depending upon the density of the mix.
The flexural strength of is, in general, between 1/5 and 1/3 of the compressive
strength .
CLC can be produced in a density range of 400 kg/m3 to 1,800 kg/m3, with high
insulation value and a 28-day cube crushing strength of up-to 275 kg/cm2.
CONSTRUCTIONS MADE BY CLC:
156 dwellings with 150 mm thick poured in-situ 60 Townhouses- Reinforced CLC Pre-cast
CLC load bearing walls Wall & slab panels, Basel, Switzerland
APPLICATION:
The wide range in densities and consequently their different thermal and
structural properties, make CLC equally suitable for use: -
CONCLUSION:
The deliberations above conclusively establish, that air cured fly-ash based
Cellular light-weight concrete to be a far superior alternative to factory made aerated
concrete or manmade light-weight aggregate blocks. This CLC is even a better
alternative to ordinary clay bricks for walling masonry. The long term stability at low
temperatures and potential corrosive effects on cellular light weight concrete must be
completely understood. The influence of admixtures and aggregates on strength of CLC
is of particular interest and is currently being investigated. Moreover, CLC has other
diverse applications and properties, some of which cannot be offered by the conventional
alternatives
Above all, it is an environment friendly and energy efficient material, which is the
need of the day. It is therefore, no surprise that more and more builders are progressively
opting for this material in their constructions.