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166
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KM . OA.
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.
.
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5
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167
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36 44
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168
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169
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.
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.
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170
) . (
KL .
K
. ) (D
.
L = D KL
= L
= D
= KL
:
100 .
:
L= DK
L =50
K =0/5
L =100 0/5
100
50
.
KL
0/165
19
0/282
11
0/867
0/156
20
0/257
12
0/707
0/239
13
0/588
0/222
14
0/500
0/258
15
0/434
0/195
16
0/383
0/184
17
0/342
0/174
18
0/309
10
171
: 20
.:
D = 52/28
D = L KD
D = 20 2/614
D=52
= D
20 .
= L
20 .
= KD
172
D = L KD
= 2/614 KD
L = 20
KD
1/154
1/414
1/702
2/000
2/614
3/236
10
3/864
12
(
(
) 660
)0
30
.
50 70
A4
30 - 60
HB
KD = 1/702
KD .
.
D = L KD D = 30 1/702 D = 51
173
.1 A4
.3 30
.2 50
.4 .
.5 .
174
.1
(
.2 .
.3 .
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.6 100
175
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176
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( 120
( 60
177
:
. . . . . . . . . - .
178
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.2 .
.3 .
.4 .
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179
( O R
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.
= R
.
.
90
:
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C .
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A R
.
= R
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180
( C .
: .
( a R .
= R
= R
( b R .
( a R .
= R
( ) O ( R
( b R .
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R m
R1 :
: .
= R
( m R
.
181
(
R+R1 O .
)(
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.
)(
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H2 . H1 H2
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182
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.
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P
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.
183
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.
C1 C2
. :
184
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( O1 A
M .
H1 .
( M MO2
( O2 O1H 1
H2 .
( O1 R 1 - R2
A .
( H 1 H2 .
185
( M MO2
.
C1 C2
. :
( O1 R1 + R2
A .
( O1 O2
M .
( O1 A . H1 .
186
( O2 AO1 H2
. H .
.
H1 .
H H1
.
( H1 H2 H1 H2 .
.
A R
R1 .
:
187
( A R.
( O1 O
H .
( O1 R + R1
O .
R
( O R
C1 C2 .
188
( R + R1 O1 .
( O
H 1 H2 .
( O2 R + R2
O .
R
( O R
C1 C2 .
189
( O1 R - R1
( O O1 O2 H1
H2 .
( O2 R - R2
O .
( O R
R C1
C2 .
:
190
( O1 R + R1 .
( O R
.
( O2 R - R2
( O
O .
H1 H2 .
191
(
(
) 75
)75
A4
.
192
50 70
A4
30 - 60
HB
.1
.5 .
.2 .
.6 .
.3 .
.7 .
.4 .
.8
.
193
.1 .
.2 P .
.3 P .
.4 .
.5
.
194
.1 A4 ) . 45(
)(1
)(2
)(4
)(3
195
.2 A4 ) . 30(
) 6 7 (.
)(2
)(1
)(4
)(3
)(6
)(5
196
.3 .
)(1
)(2
)(3
)(5
)(4
197
:
. . . . . . - .
198
.1
(
.2
.3
.4 A B .
199
( E C F
.
.
.
.
( C
.
:
(
.
) 1 (
:
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( .
OA E F .
) Trammel .1 (.
200
( E F
(
.
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.
(
12
.
( E
G
F .
(
.
1 .
( .
201
( O OA
E .
( .
( A C C CE
F .
(
.
202
( AF
J K
.
( K AK
( OA JA .
J JC .
( J K
.
( D 4
. C 4 JA .
F .
:
( AB CD JKLM
203
( O V .
.
.
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G .
E
. :
( G E . GE
E
V .
204
( F X YP
Q .
P
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R .
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( R
Y . P
Z . PZ
D X
205
.
.
206
(
(
) 90
50 40.
) (.
.
.
50 70
A4
30 - 60
HB
207
.1
.4 12 .
) 30 60
(.
.2
.5
.3 40 50
.6
208
.7
.9 20
5 .
.8 .
.10 .
.
.11 .
209
.1 .
.2 .
.3 .
.4 .
.5 .
.6 .
210
.1 60 40 30) .(
.2 50 30 30) .(
.3 60 40 30) .(
.4 A4 ) . 30(
211
:
A4
A3
( A3 190
( 105 .
( 105
( 297210
A4 .
212
A2
A2 594420 . A4
.
( 192
297 .
( 297 .
192
297210 A4.
213
A1
A1 594841 . A4 .
( 297 .
( A4
297 .
214
(
.1 ) DIN (ISO. .
.2 .95511
.3 1383 .
.4 1388 .499/4
.5 1 1387 .359/51
.6 1379 .
.7 1386 .
.8 1 1374 .
.9 1382 .
.10 1369 .
(
1. ENGINEERING DRAWING , Cecil Jensen / Sixth Edition New York.
2. BASIC TECHNICAL DRAWING, Henry Cecil Spencer New York.
3. TECHNICAL DRAWING/ Fifth Edition ,E.Giesecke,The Macmillan Company.
215