Lecture Computer Networks

Prof. Dr. Hans Peter Gro mann m!t M. "a#e$ sow!e H. Hutschenre!ter und T. Nau % &ommersemester '()' % *nst!tut f+r ,r-an!sat!on und Mana-ement .on *nformat!onssystemen

Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)

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Computer Networks % ATM % &ommersemester '()'

ATM The Idea / Pro.!s!on of network capa#!$!t!es for hand$!n- a$$ current and future app$!cat!ons !ndependent$y of the!r #andw!dth re0u!rements. The ma!n -oa$ was a un!f!cat!on of te$ecommun!cat!on w!th data commun!cat!on.

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ATM The Idea (II)

Computer and App$!cat!on &oftware
2!deo
2 !deo

ATM *nterface

D!sks

Aud!o

Network

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B-ISDN

Te$ecommun!cat!on "ad!o and Te$e.!s!on Data Commun!cat!on

Te$ecommun!cat!on Data Commun!cat!on

45*&DN
*&DN
(*nte-rated &er.!ces D!-!ta$ Network)

(4road#and *nte-rated &er.!ces D!-!ta$ Network)

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Todays Communication Infrastructure

TC

P u b lic STN

TC

M U X

M U X

...
R o u te r

c o n n e c t io n o r ie n t e d
R o u te r

p a c k e t s w it c h e d

R o u te r

X .2 5 F ra m e -R e la y

H U B

R o u te r

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B-ISDN / ATM Infrastructure

45*&DN *4CN

&er.!ces &er.er

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Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM)

/ / / &trate-!c 45*&DN d!rect!on s!nce )9:: &tandards of *T; and the ATM <orum Techno$o-y
/ <ast packet sw!tch!n/ 2ar!a#$e #andw!dth channe$ ass!-nment

ATM can hand$e d!fferent #!t rates and traff!c parameters w!th data rates )66.6' M#ps = 7''.(: M#ps at ;N* Transm!ss!on !nterface &,N>T = &DH up to '.3 G#ps Cu$m!nat!on of a$$ de.e$opments !n c!rcu!t and packet sw!tch!n- o.er the past '( years ATM5<orum founded !n )99)

/ /

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ATM II

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ATM Drafts
Packet sw!tch!n/ no $!nkw!se error protect!on / connect!on5or!ented / sma$$ packet (ce$$s) of f!?ed $en-th T!me d!.!s!on mu$t!p$e?!n- method / t!me s$ot method / t!me re$at!ons are not supported / t!me s$ots are not marked #y the!r pos!t!on (asynchronous)

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STM / ATM

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Synchronous Transfer Mode (STM)

/ 4ased on t!me d!.!s!on mu$t!p$e?!n-

D!sad.anta-es
@ <!?ed data rates @ <!?ed #andw!dth for connect!on

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ATM Transmission Efficiency

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Cell Structure
6 4ytes 3: 4ytes

Header

Pay$oad
G<CA Gener!c <$ow Contro$ (used on$y w!th ;N*)

G<C 2P* 2C* 2C* H>C ) 4yte

2P* 2C*

G<CA Gener!c <$ow Contro$ 2P*A (used 2!rtua$ *dent!f!er on$y Path w!th ;N*)

2P*A Path *dent!f!er 2C*A 2!rtua$ 2!rtua$ Channe$ *dent!f!er 2C*A Channe$ *dent!f!er PT*A 2!rtua$ Pay$oad Type *dent!f!er PTA Type Pr!or!ty *dent!f!er CLPA Pay$oad Ce$$ Loss CLPA Loss Pr!or!ty H>CA Ce$$ Header >rror Contro$ H>CA Header >rror Contro$

PT*

CLP

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ATM Band idth

/ NN* (network5network !nterface) )66 M#=sB 7'' M#=sB '.3 G#=s ;N* (user5network !nterface) '6 M#=s ... 7'' M#=s #andw!dth a$$ocat!on for an app$!cat!on on demand

/ /

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Modes of Connection
Permanent 2!rtua$ C!rcu!t (P2C) / 2C*=2P* ta#$es are created manua$$y #y adm!n!strator / P2Cs e?!st permanentB e.en when there !s no data traff!c &w!tched 2!rtua$ C!rcu!ts (&2C) / connect!ons are esta#$!shed and c$osed dynam!ca$$y #y ATM s!-na$$!n/ &2Cs norma$$y are c$osed when no data traff!c occurs

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ATM S itch Matri!

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ATM - Classes of Ser"ices I

C$ass A T!me "eference 4!t rate Connect!on Mode &er.!ces C$ass 4 C$ass C C$ass D

t!me5cont!nuous constant connect!on5or!ented

not t!me5cont!nuous .ar!a#$e connect!on5 $ess &er.!ces for data &er.!ces for data

Aud!o = 2!deo

Aud!o = 2!deo

Adapt!on Layer

AAL )

AAL '

AAL 6B AAL 1=3

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ATM - Classes of Ser"ices II

C$ass A @ C!rcu!t emu$at!on @ *ntended for constant #!trate .o!ce and .!deo app$!cat!ons @ T!m!n- re$at!onsh!p #etween source and dest!nat!on C$ass 4 @ 2ar!a#$e #!t rate ser.!ces @ *ntended for !sochronous .o!ce and .!deo traff!c w!th .ar!a#$e #!trate !nformat!on @ T!m!n- re$at!onsh!p #etween connect!on endpo!nts (connect!on5 or!ented)

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ATM - Classes of Ser"ices III

C$ass C @ Connect!on5or!ented data transfer @ *ntended for trad!t!ona$ data traff!c as known e.-. !n C.'6 @ Dmessa-e modeEA transfer of s!n-$e frames @ Dstream!n- modeEA transport for mu$t!p$e f!?ed $en-th frames C$ass D @ Connect!on$ess data transfer @ *ntended to carry e.-. TCP=*P or LAN !nterconnect!on traff!c

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ATM Architecture

Mana-ement P$ane ,&* Mode$ H!-her Layers Layer ' ATM Layer Layer ) Phys!ca$ Layer Contro$ P$ane &!-na$$!n- F Contro$$!nC$ass ) ;ser P$ane C$ass ' C$ass 1 C$ass 3

ATM Adaptat!on Layer (AAL)

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ATM #ayers
Contro$ ;ser

H!-her Layers ATM Adaptat!on Layer

&!-na$$!n-

C$ass A AAL)

C$ass 4 AAL'

C$ass C

C$ass D

&!-n. AAL

AAL1=3 or AAL6

ATM Layer

Con.er-ence &u#$ayer C& &e-mentat!on and "eassem#$y &A" Transm!ss!on Con.er-ence TC Phys!ca$ Med!um PM

Phys!ca$ Layer

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Enca$sulation % the &eneral scheme

Data from App$!cat!on Con.er-ence Layer Header C& Data &A" &u#$ayer &A" &A" &A" &A" &A" C& Data Data ATM Layer Data C& &A" &A" Tra!$er C&

ATM ce$$sA

C&

Data

Data

ATM &A"

ATM &A"

ATM &A"

&A"

&A"

Data

C&

(Not each adapt!on $ayer uses C& and &A" header and tra!$er)