1- Introduction 2- Mechanism of transport 3- Types of transporters 4-structure of ABC transporters 5- Mechanism of Action Of Transporters 6-Role of membrane transports 7- Regulation

ation of Transporter Expression 8- ABC Transporters &sub families 9- Linked genetic diseases

MECHANISM OF
1.Passive diffusion

Transport

2.Carrier mediated transport Facilitated diffusion Active transportprimary,secondary 3.Pinocytosis /phagocytosis 4.Filtration

 Secondary active transporter

Primary active transporter

Secondary active transport

( co-transport)

uses energy to transport molecules across a membrane. no direct coupling of ATP; instead, electrochemical potential difference created by pumping ions out of the cell is used. Two main forms are 1- antiport: Na+\ Ca++ exchanger 2- symport: glucose symporter which cotransports one glucose molecule into the cell for every two Na+

Types of 2ry Active Transporters

II- Symport ( cotransport)

III- Antiport ( exchange)

Vectorial transport
Asymmetrical transport across a monolayer of polarised cells(epithelial & endothelial cells of brain capillaries) 1.Efficient transfer solute 2. Absorb of nutrients & bile acids in intestine 3.Hepatobiliary & urinary excretion of drugs from blood to lumen 4.Intestinal absdrugs 5.Efflux of drugs in brain

3.Types of Membrane Transporters

2000 genes in the human genome (7% of the total number of genes) code for transporters or transporter-related proteins. 2 major superfamilies ABC (ATP binding cassette) SLC (solute carrier) transporters ABC proteins -- primary active transporters,(ATP hydrolysis to actively pump substrates across membranes) SLC superfamily --- facilitated transporters and

Types of transporters
ABC (ATP binding cassette) only unidirectional efflux Eg Pgp,BCRP,MRP,BSEP SLC(solute carrier transporter) either drug uptake or efflux Eg OCTs,OAT,MATE Uptake---OATP1B1,OATP1B3,OATP2B1 Efflux---MDR1,MRP2,BCRP