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gmX`n_
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d^d H$mnao{Q>d gmogm`Q>r, nyUo-~|Jbmoa hmBdo.
H$mohmnwa. 400016.
H$meZdf :
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14, dm`.E.MwZmdmbm BS>pQ>Ab EQ>oQ>,
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AYoar(nyd), _w~B:400 059.

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mH$WZ
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(1)CnH$_ :
_hm^w lrdb^mMm`MaUH$s VdV Zm_V $nV Ama JwUV `m|
MVw{dY Vw{V`m {d{dY `m`mAm|Ho$ gmW `hm EH$H$boda_| H$m{eV hmoZo Om
ahr h. `h dVwV {MaH$mbgo AVH$aU_| XmS > aho _ZmoaWH$s Ho$db ^JdH$nmde
hr hmoZo Om ahr gny{V h!
BZ_| W_ Vmo EH$nm_H$ h. `h _hm^wHo$ `o>m_O Jmodm_r
lrJmonrZmW ^wMaUH$s H${V h AWdm {Vr`m_O Jmodm_r lr{d>bZmW
^wMaUH$s Bgo H$h nmZm H${R>Z ~mV h. `m|{H$ VwV EH$nm_H$ Vw{VHo$
EH$ `m`mH$ma lrJmoHw$bmogdOr (db^dedj : V- Vr`/2-gwaV, O_
{d.g . 1816) BgHo $ ~mao _ |
""lr_^w M aUm dr`mZm
lr_XmMm`d$n`mZ_ Cn{XeV'' Ho$db BVZm hr {dYmZ H$aVo h.
A~ gXm`_| "^wMaU' nXH$m `moJ m` bKw^mVm lr{d>bZmWOrHo$
1

~mao_| A{YH$ M{bV h. O~{H$ Xygao lr`moJr JmonodaOr Bgo Jmo.lr{d>bZmW

^wMaUH$V _mZVo h. {\$a^r AmZw_m{ZH$ {ZU`mW AJga hmoZona Hw$N> V`
CboIZr` hmo OmVo h : gdW_ Vmo `h {H$ Bg EH$nm_H$ Vw{VHo$
Cnghma_| H$VmH$o CboIdmbr H$moB "B{Vlr' CnbY Zht hmoVr AV bmoH$H$VmZo
d` EH$bmoH$_mV`m {bIm Zht hmoZm Mm{h`o Ama Xygao Bht lrJmoH$w bmogdOrH$s
hr EH$ A` H${V "lrdb^(`peXwma{eV)Zm_mdbr'_| lr{d>bZmW
^wMaU{da{MV AZoH$ JWm|Ho$ Zm_ Omo CnbY hmoVo h CZ_| "gmX`'nH$m
Zm_ CnbY Zht hmoVm h. AV Bg nH$s `m`m_| Omo Bgo ^wMaU{da{MV
_mZm J`m h, CgHo$ Bg V`H$mo OmoS> H$a XoIZona Bgo `o>^mVmH$s H${V _mZZm
A{YH$ g^m{dV bJVm h.
EH$ A` gm` ^r Bg ~mao_| CnbY hmoVm h. gwgemo{YV nw{>_mJu`
gm{h`H$meZHo$ nWXeH$ lr_ybM VobrdmbmZo doXmV^>mMm` lr_mZ
JmodYZbmb ^>(Jw>bmbmOr)Ho$ JWmJma_| gJh rV hV{b{IV {VHo$ AmYmana
{d.g.1972_| "nw{>^pVgwYm' Zm{_H$m _m{gH$n{H$mHo$ A> 7-8_|
""lr_XJmonrZmWmZm nm{Z'' erfH$Ho$ gmW Hw$N> n H$m{eV {H$`o Wo. CZ_|
^r `h "gmX`...' n dhm nmMd| bmoH$V`m gH${bV pQ>JmoMa hmoVm h.
AV Bgo lrJmonrZmW ^wMaUH$s H${V _mZZm hr C{MV bJVm h. A~ `h `{X
g` hmo Vmo gXm`_| EH$ M{bV _yT>mJh {H$ AnZo {nVMaU _hm^wH$s Vah
lrJmonrZmWOr emr` _`mXmAm|H$o AZw$n nw{>^pVH$m d$n "gmYZXr{nH$m'_|
{Vnm{XV H$aZm MmhVo Wo naVw lr{d>bZmW ^wMaUZo lrXm_moXaXmg Am{X
dUdm|H$o VWm lrMV` _hm^wH$o ^mdde hr em_`mXmVrV ^md^mdZmAm|H$mo
db^gXm`_| ~T>mdm {X`m, `h YmaUm dV hmo OmVr h! `m|{H$ VwV
"gmX`...' n lr_XmMm`MaUH$s nw{>_mJu` VmpdH$ d$n^mdZmHo$ hoVw hr
Cn{X> Vw{V h.
Ad{e> VrZm| Vmo _hm^wHo$ {Vr`m_O Jmodm_r lr{d>bZmW
^wMaUH$s H${VHo$ $n_| {Z{ddmX$noU _m` h. _hm^w Ama CZHo$ Am_O
_| EH$dX^md {Vnm{XV H$aZoH$mo {bIr J`r nydm}V Zm_mdbr_| ^r BZ
Vmom|H$m CboI B{JV hdm h. Ogm {H$ Jmodm_r lr{d>bZmW ^wMaUHo$
2

Zm_m|_| EH$ ""d1$n2JwU3Zm_mopV-dr`gm^m`dYZ'' (lrdb.Zm_m.230)

Zm_ {X`m J`m h. Bg_| $n{Z$nU mam lrdb^m>H$, JwU{Z$nU mam
\w$aH$Uo_m_V; VWm Zm_{Z$nU mam gdmom_Vmo A{^oV h. `{n `h
AYwZmM{bV Zm_-$n-JwU H$_go {dnarV h. `m|{H$ AYwZmM{bV H$_Ho$
AZwgma Vmo gdm}m_Vmo W_ lrdb^m>H$Vmo {Vr` VWm VWm
\w$aH$Uo_m_VVmo VVr` H$__| CnbY hmoVo h. Ama AVEd h_Zo ^r Bh|
Bgr M{bV H$_Ho$ AZwgma g`mo{OV {H$`o h.
(2)VwV VmoMVw>`rH$m _hd :
dgo `o Mmam| hr Vmo {ZMmMm`Ho$ Vd Zm_ $n Ama JwU Ho$ Ho$db
Vw`W `m H$sVZmW Z hmo H$a _hm^wHo$ Y_ Ama XeZ g~Yr ^r AZoH$
Xw$h {gmVm|H$mo BVa Xwb^ Eogr {dbjU ar{Vgo H$m{eV H$aVo h.

Jm``VJV "VV'nXmam {H$g nydm}nmm AWH$m nam_e hmo ahm h, BgH$m

^br^m{V kmZ h_| hmo nm`o. dh n> Z hmoZona Vmo _{Vnm AWH$m ^r
gXohJV hmo OmZm dm^m{dH$ hr h. Bgr Vah _hm^wHo$ ^`mMmamonXoemW
JWm|_| {_bVo ZmZm dm` ^r-_{H$ H$go nw{>OrdH$s, H$go nw{>^w_|, H$gr
nw{>^pV$nm X`H$s ^mdZm Ama H$V`~w{ hmoZr Mm{h`o-_nw{>^pV_`r
~w{Ho$ oaH$ Jm`r$n hmoZogo EH$ gyMrH$s Vah ghm`H$ ~moYhoVw ~ZVo h.
A`Wm dh Xw~m}` Vd ^br^m{V ~w{JV Zht hmo nmVm. AV VXZwHy$b
{Mmew{Ho$ hoVw AmMm`VmoMVw>`rH$mo gmXm{`H$ {Z`dm`m` `m OnnmR> Ho$ JWm|go nhbo H$ma+`m{VV`m ma^_| g`mo{OV H$aZoH$s ar{V
ahr h. AVEd On-nmR>H$m Ama^ ^r Bht Vmom|go H$aZoH$s ar{V h.
(3)_hm^wHo$ CnXoego {dnarV ^mdZm aIZm BZH$m Xwn`moJ$n h
:

Ogo {H$ H$hm OmVm h ""AmXm kmZmV`o nMmV H$VZd{Zdm`o

`MVo gXm dm (/`o`m) doXmVmo Jw Bda'' , VXZwgma `{X
"gmX`n'H$mo nw{>_mJu` AmMm``mZmW "'H$mamon_ _mZ H$a Mb| Vmo
Ad{e> gdm}m_m{X Vmo`r nw{>_mJu` Jm`rH$s VrZ "^y ^wd d' $n
`m{V`m|Ho$ Ogr Vw{V`m h. AWmV gH$b Zm_-$n-H$_Ho$ EH$_m
AmYmamonmXmZ^yV ~_VdHo$ g_{>$nH$m dmMH$ `{X `h "'H$ma$n EH$mja
hmo Vmo; Cgr ~^VdHo$ `{>H$m`^yV $nm|Ho$ Zm_m{^YmZmW VrZ `m{V`m
hmoVr h. AVEd "" ^y^wdd'' O~ VH$ ~mobo Z Om`|, V~ VH$ Jm`rHo$
KQ>H$ ""Vg{dVw dao` ^Jm} Xod` Yr_{h {Y`mo `mo Z MmoX`mV''
_JV "VV'nXgo nam_` nydm}nmm {H$gr ^r nXmWH$m ^mZ Zht hmo nmVm. Bgr
Vah d` "g{dVm' nX ^r AnZo $T>mW_| bmoH$m_H$ gy`H$m dmMH$ h `m
`m{JH$mW_| gH$bg{>Ho$ Cn{mpW{Vb`g_dm`r g{dVm na~_H$m dmMH$,
BgH$m ^r gXoha{hV ^mZ Zht hmo nmVm. ~_gyHo$ `mo{VMaUm{YH$aU_|,
AVEd, ^m`H$ma H$hVo h ""Ogo dHo$ ^rVa gwBHo$ H$maU gyV ^r {d>
hmo nmVm h, dgo hr Jm`rmam ~w{ Jm`rHo$ {Vnm Vd ~_Ho$ ^rVa
{d> hmo nmVr h'' (~.gy.^m.1&1&24). d^mdV Eogr pW{V_| ~w{oaH$V`m
daUr` Ama `mV` XodVmHo$ d$nH$m {ZU` ^r V^r g^d hmo nmVm h O~

BZ JWm|H$s Eogr AgmYmaU _hmmH$s ~mV H$aZona g{V EH$ _hVr

^r{V Omo _wPo gVmVr h, dh `h {H$ _hm^w lrdb^mMm`mam d{VV
nw{>^pV_mJHo$ {V {ZJyT> of aIZodmbo AYwZmM{bV db^nWHo$ bmoJ
Eo g o {dYmZm| H $m H$ht Xw n`mo J Z H$aZo bJ| ! BZ N> o f r OZm| H $mo ,
lw`m{Xemm{^oV ~_dmXm{lV na~_ na_m_m ^JdmZ lrH$UH$s
nw{>^pVH$m Omo Hw$N> CnXoe _hm^wZo {X`m dh gwhmVm Zht h. AV Cgo
{N>Z-{^Z H$aZoH$mo Ho$db _hm^wHo$ d$nH$s ^mS>r ^pVH$m ^md Mm[aV
H$aHo$ `o bmoJm|H$mo ~aJbmVo ahVo h! AWmV d` _hm^wH$mo hr hWm ~Zm H$a
_hm^yn{X> lrH$U^pVHo$ {damoY_| d` CZH$m hr `moJ H$aZo bJVo h!
_hm^yn{X> ^Jdgodm Am{X g^r Hw$N>H$m `mJ H$a Ho$db gdm}m_VmoHo$
nmR>H$s _hmm {XImZo bJVo h. `m| bmoH$N>bZm H$aVo h! AV gdm}m_Vmo_|
Cn{X> ""lrH $ Um`, ArH $ ` d Jmo n redb^rH $ V_mZd,
lrH$UkmZXmo, Jw'' Ogo _hm^wHo$ d$nHo$ {V BZH$m ^pV^md H$Q>
hmoZoHo$ ~Om` ""mH$VmZwH${V`mO-_mo{hVmgwa_mZwf'' Ogo _hm^wHo$ $ngo
hr o[aV BZH$m ^pV^md CN>Ib dm{hV hmoVm {>JV hmoVm h!

AV BZHo$ N>bnM_| Z \$g OmZoH$s nyar gmdYmZr ~aVZoH$s MmH$grHo$

aIZoHo$ AZwamoYHo$ gmW H$hZm MmhJm {H$ lw`m{X gH$b emm|H$s Ogr
EH$dm`Vm {Og AgmYmaU$n_| _hm^wZo H$Q> H$s h, VXZwgma CZHo$ CnXoeHo$
{ZJyT> A{^m`m|H$mo ~w{J` ~ZZm hmo Vmo, Bg VmoMVw>`rH$m {Z`nmR>
AVrd oaH$~b {g hmoVm h. Bg_| {H$gr VahH$s eH$mH$mo AdH$me Zht h.
AVw.
(4)"gmX`...'n_| {Vnm Amn{Zf{XH$ ah` h :
Cn{ZfXm|Ho$ AZwgma ~_H$mo gpMXmZX d$n _mZm J`m h. dhm `h
{VnmXZ ^r {_bVm h {H$ gd{dY ~mmZw^y{VHo$ An[ahm` KQ>H$ Ed CZ_|
JmoMa ""Zm_ $n Ama H$_ hmoVo h... ~_ hr BZ gmao Zm_m|H$m...
$nm|H$m... H$_m]H$m ^aU H$aVm h. AV BZHo$ VrZ hmoZona ^r `h Am_m
Vmo EH$ hr ahVm h. Bgr Vah `h Am_m EH$ hmoZona ^r BZ VrZm| $nm|_|
H$Q> hmoVm h.'' (~h.Cn.1&6&3) EVmdVm {g hmoVm h {H$ AZV{dY
Zm_-$n-H$_m]Ho$ V ~mV_| EH$dX^mdmnZ hmo H$a ahVo h Ama Bgr Vah
~H$s EH$_odm{Vr`Vm hr Zm_-$n-H$_m]Ho$ AZV{dY Vm|_| AnZo-AmnH$mo
H$Q> H$aVr h. _yb_| `o gmao Zm_-$n-H$_ gpMXmZX ~Ho$ brbm{dbmg_|
Am_mZXHo$ Cn^moJmW H$Q> hdo hmoZogo d` Am_Zm-{d^V ~H$mo ^mo`^moV^mdmnZV`m H$Q> H$aVo h :
""Cgo EH$m{H$V`m a_U H$aZm Z gwhm`m... AVEd CgHo$
^rVa AnZogo {^Z XygaoH$s A{^bmfm H$Q> hB... CgZo AnZoAmnH$mo Xmo Vah {d^m{OV H$a {b`m. AV n{V ^r Ama nZr
^r dh d` hr ~Z J`m... `h {XIbm`r XoVm g^r Hw$N> nhbo
A`mH$V Wm. AV CgZo hr d`H$mo AZoH$ Zm_m| Ama $nm| _|
`mH$V {H$`m. "VmV-Zm_' Ama "VmX-$n' H$mo YmaU H$a
dhr `hm dVw_m_| {d> hdm h'' (~h.Cn.1&4&2-7).

g{>Ho$ AVJV Zm_-$n-H$_m_H$ ^mo`$n OS>OJV Cg gpMXmZX

~_Ho$ gXe_| H$Q> hdm _mZm J`m h. ^moV$n OrdOJV ~_Ho$ {MXe_|
H$Q> hdm _mZm J`m h. Bgr Vah gdmVam_m gdgm{j$n na_m_mHo$
g_{>$n Ama AZoH$mZoH$ `{>$n ~_Ho$ AmZXme_| H$Q> hdo _hm^wmam
_mZo J`o h :
""dh AZV_y { V ~ _ d` A{d^V hmo Z o n a ^r
gd^dZgm_` Ama g`gH$n mam {d^V hmo OmVm h.
AVEd "~h `m Om`o ` ' lw { VdMZ_| CgH$s BN> m hr
H$maUV`m Cn{X> h`r h. g{>Ho$ Ama^_| Ho$db CgH$s
BN>m_mgo Cg ~_Ho$ ^rVa d`H$s Ae^yV AmH$maa{hV MoVZm
`wM[aV hmoVr h. Ogo ApZ_|go {VZHo$ `wM[aV hmoVo h. Bgr
Vah gpMXmZX ~_Ho$ gXe_| go gmao OS> nXmW, {MXe_| go
Ord nXmW; Ama, AmZXme_| go {ZOg{>Ho$ ^rVa {Z{hV
AVam_m AV`m_r $n H$Q> hmoVo h. `m| OS> nXmW_| {MXe
Ama AmZXme {Vamo{hV ahVo h. Ord nXmW_| AmZXme {Vamo{hV
ahVm h. AVam_m $nr nXmW_| VmV Am_g> $nm|H$s
{Z`m_H$Vm H$Q> hmoVr h. AVEd AmH$mag_nH$ AmZXmeHo$
AVbuZ hmoZo OmZoHo$ H$maU gXe Ama {MXe _| H$Q>r OS>Ordmp_H$m g{> {ZamH$ma ~Z OmVr h. Bgr hoVwHo$ de BZ_|
AZw^yV hmoVm AmH$ma `m Vmo H${_ `m Amnm{YH$ hr hmoVm h.
`m| OS> Ord AVam_m Ho$ {{dY $nm|_| g{>`dhma H$Q>
hmoVm h'' (V.Xr.{Z.1&26-30)

AV AmZXm_H$ Zm_-$n-H$_m]dmbr na_mZXmp_H$m brbm_| AmZX$n

~mam {ZOmZXm_H$ ^moJ hr `h g{> h.

dgo `m{ndHw$R>_| {Z`brbm{dhmar Am_a_Uerb lrH$UHo$

gpMXmZXH$ag d$n_| gXeHo$ mYm`de gm{j^md, AmZXmeHo$
mYm`de ^mo`^md Ama {MXeHo$ mYm`de ^moV^md drH$maZm, dmb^
{gmVH$s gmYmaU MmIQ>_| A{YH$ {\$Q> ~R>Zodmbr ~mV bJVr h. `m|{H$
_hm^w BZ Zm_-$n-H$sS>mAm|H$m {d` drH$maVo h ""Z_mo ^JdVo V_

H$Um` AX^wVH$_Uo $n-Zm_{d^oXoZ 1` H$sS>{V 2`mo OJX ^ydm H$sS>{V

3
`Vmo OJV H$sS>{V'' (>. : V.Xr.{Z.1&1). BgH$s {dVV {ddoMZm ~mX_|
h_ H$a|Jo.
AVw. g{>_| H$Q> hmoZodmbo gmao Zm_-$n-H$_m]Ho$ ~mao_|, h_| {H$Vw,
Eogr AmZXH$s `m H$sS>mH$s AZw^y{V hmoVr Zht h. `h d` h_mar dm^m{dH$
AV{ZJyT> AmZXm_H$Vmna AmZX$n ^JdmZH$s `m_mohmp_H$m A{dmHo$
MT>o AmdaUH$s ~bVmHo$ H$maU H$Q> hdm ^md h. AVEd Ordm_mH$s
MoVZm_| ^r AmZXme {Vamo{hV ahVm h; AWmV, Z Vmo gdm_Zm AZw^yV hmoVm
h Ama Z gdm_Zm AnZr AW{H$`mH$m[aVm hr H$Q> H$aVm h. AVEd Cg
Ordm_MoVZm_| AZw^yV hmoVo OS> Zm_-$n-H$_m]_| MoVZmH$s AZw^y{V Z hmoZm
^r CZ_| {MXeH$m {Vamo^md h. \$bV OrdMoVZm_| OS> nXmWm]Ho$ Zm_-$nH$_ ^mo`V`m ^m{gV hmoVo h.
OrdMoVZm, naVw, Am{Ia {H$g {ddeVmHo$ H$maU Am_MoVZm_| gVw>
Z ah H$a {df`mZw^y{V `m {df`mon^moJ Ho${b`o ^mor hmoZoH$m $n YmaU H$aVr
h? Cn{ZfX Bg ZH$m g_mYmZ `m| XoVo h :
""`V Ama j{`Uw ^mo`$n OS> Vd VWm A`V
Ama A{dZmer ^moV$n MoVZ Vd, `m| C^`{dY {ddH$m
^aU Vmo EH$m{H$V`m na_oda hr H$aVm h. AVEd AnZo
^moV^mdHo$ H$maU ~YZ_| \$g OmZodmbr A{dZmer OrdMoVZm
O~ Cg XodH$mo OmZ `m g_P nmVr h V^r ~YZ_wV hmo nmVr
h. `m| kmZa{hV Ama kmZg{hV Omo Xmo AO h, CZHo$ gmW ^mo`^moV^mdmnm{XH$m AOm OwS>r ahVr h. dVwV Vmo {dd$n
AZV Am_m AnZogo A` {H$gr VdH$m H$Vm Z hmoZoHo$ H$maU
AH$Vm _mZm OmVm h. `m| BZ VrZm|H$mo OmZ boZona gnyUV`m
~H$m d$n g_P_| Am OmVm h. BZ_| Omo j{`Uw h, Cgo
OS> H${V `m YmZ g_PZm Mm{h`o. Omo A{dZmer h Cgo
A_V$nm MoVZm g_PZr Mm{h`o. BZ ja Ama Aja XmoZm|go nao
7

CZna EH$m{H$V`m emgZ H$aZodmbm d` na_oda hmoVm h.

Cg XodHo$ A{^`mZ H$aZona, Cg XodHo$ gmW `mo{OV hmoZona;
VWm, VdV Vyn hmoZoHo$ H$maU ^r nwZ {dd_m`m {Zd{m hmo
OmVr h. AV ^mo` ^moVm Ama oaH$-gmjr BZ VrZm|H$mo {Z`
hr Am_gW OmZZm Mm{h`o. BZgo A{YH$ OmZZo bm`H$ Ama
Hw$N> hmoVm Zht h. BZ {{dY Vdm|H$mo OmZ boZona gnyU ~H$s
g_P {_b OmVr h. XyY_| Ogo Kr {N>nm ahVm h, Eogo hr
gd `mnr na_m_m gd {d_mZ ahVm h . `h Cg
Am_{dmVnmo_yb ~H$m ah` h'' (doVm.Cn.1&6-16).
Bg lw{V_| gpMXmZX ~_Ho$ gXe_| go Am{Y^m{VH$ OS>Vd, {MXe_|go
Am`mp_H$ OrdVd Ama AmZXme_| go oaH$-gmjr Am{YX{dH$ AV`m{_Vd
Ho$ H$Q> hmoZoH$s gJ{V Vmo ghO hr gmoMr Om gH$Vr h. gmW hr gmW, {H$Vw,
BZ Am{Y^m{VH$ Am`mp_H$ Ama Am{YX{dH$ $nm|Ho$ Vana ^r `m ^mo`^moV-oaH$gm{jd$n {d` hmoVm h `m Zht?
(5)^mo` ^moVm Ama gmjr Ho$ Am{Y^m{VH$ Am`mp_H$ Ama
Am{YX{dH$ VrZm| H$ma g^d :
Bg ~mao_| `hm `{n H$moB Iwbmgm {_bVm Zht h O~{H$ ^JdXJrVmHo$
AZoH$ dMZm|_| Z Ho$db {MXe^yV Ordm_mAm|H$m A{nVw gXe^yV OS> Bp`m{X
H$aUJm_m|H$m VWm AmZX$n d` ^JdmZH$m ^r ^moV-^mo`^md {Vnm{XV
hdm h :
H$.""Bp`m|H$m AnZo $n-ag-JY-ne-eXm{X$n
AWm]_| amJofm_H$ ^moV^md `dWmZwJV ahVm h''.
I.""~m {df`nem]_| Omo AmgpVa{hV hmo nmVm h,
dh d` {ZOm_mHo$ ^rVa ~_`moJ_| `wVm_m ~Z nmZoH$o H$maU
Aj` gwIH$m Cn^moJ H$aVm h''.

J.""AnZo _ZH$mo ~mhar {df`m|_| ^Q>H$Zogo amoH$ H$a Omo

Ch| AnZo de_| bm nmVm h dh... ~_Ho$ A`V gwI$n
neH$m Cn^moJ H$a nmVm h''.
K.""_ g^r `km|H$m ^moVm h... _wPo nhMmZ Z nmZoHo$
H$maU _wPo A{d{YnydH$ ^OZodmbo Vdgo `wV hmo OmVo h.''
L>.""mH$V OS> eara_| ~Ym MoVZ nwf$n Ordm_m
gwI-XwIH$m ^moVm ~Z H$a CV H${Vgo CnZ hmoZodmbo
JwUm|H$m ^moJ H$aVm h... Bgr earaHo$ ^rVa, {H$Vw, Ordm_mHo$
Abmdm na_ nwf ^r Cn>m AZw_Vm ^Vm ^moVm _hoda
Ama na_m_m hmoZoHo$ $n_| {~amO_mZ ahVm h.''
M.""XohHo$ $n_| H$Q> hmoZodmbo VrZ JwUm|go D$na CR>Zona
Xohr Ordm_m O_-_`w-amoJm{X XwIm|go {d_wV hmo H$a
A_VdH$m ^moJ H$aVm h''.(^J.JrVm. : H$.3&34 I.5&21
J.6&26-28 K.9&23-24 L>.12&20-22 M.14&20)
AV ^mo`-^moV-oaH$ hmoZHo $o {H$H$mo Ho$db Am{Y^m{VH$$n_| n[agr{_V
_mZZm CnnZ Zht hmoVm. n> h {H$ Am{Y^m{VH$ {H$_| OS> {df` ^mo`^mdmnZ
~ZVo h, V~ WybearamonoV Ordm_m ^moV^mdmnZ ~ZVm h; Ama Cg_| oaH$
~ZVm h na_m_m. Bgr Vah ~m {df`mon^moJHo$ hoVw^yV nmM^m{VH$ earaHo$
Ny>Q> OmZona ^r gy_eara mam Ordm_m earamam H$V H$_m]Ho$ \$b$n gwIXwIm|H$m Omo ^moJ H$aVm h Cgo Am`mp_H$ ^moJ _mZm Om gH$Vm h. `hm
^mo`^mdmnZ ~ZVr h {MXe^yV Ordm_mHo$ gy_earaHo$ KQ>H$ H$_}p`
kmZop` mU Ama AVH$aU go O` d{m$n AZw^y{V`m `m EoVXmnm{YH$
Y_^yV MoVZm Ama ^moVm ~ZVm h Y{_^yV {MXe^yV d` MoVZ$n Ordm_m,
Omo BZ_| ~Ym hdm hmoVm h. dgo df{`H$ gwI-XwImon^moJ H$aZodmbm `h Xohr
Ordm_m d` ^r na_m_mH$s {ZOmZXa_Ump_H$m brbm_| ^mo`^mdmnZ ~Z
OmVm hmoZogo CgH$m ^moVm na_m_m hr _mZm J`m h. `h ~mV ""Amm
MamMaJhUmV, H$aUmV M, Jwhm {d>m Am_mZm {h VeZmV''
(~.gy.1&2&9-11) ge ~_gym|_| {Vnm{XV h`r h. Bgr MamMaHo$
^moVm $nr na_m_mHo$ d$nmZX Ama/AWdm brbmZX `m ^OZmZX H$m
9

Cn^moJ O~ _wVm_m `m ^Vm_m H$aVo h, V~ dhr na_m_m ^r ^mo`^mdmnZ

~Z OmVm h. Bgo Cpb{IV ^JdXJrVmHo$ I-J dMZm|H$o Abmdm V{mar`mon{ZfXH$o
""~_domm na_\$bH$mo mV H$aVm h... ~_ g` kmZ Ama AZV $n
hmoVm h. Cgo Omo AnZr X`JwhmHo$ ^rVa na_`mo__| AV{Z{hV OmZ
nmVm h, dh {dnpMX ~_Ho$ gmW AnZr gmar H$m_ZmAm|Ho$ AZwgma
^moJ H$aZo g_W hmo OmVm h'' (V{m.Cn.2&1) Bg dMZ_| ^r {Vnm{XV
hmoVm h_ nmVo h. AV h_ XoI gH$Vo h {H$ {Og AmZX_`H$mo na_m_m _mZm
J`m h, Cg AmZX_` na_m_mH$s mpVHo$ ~mX ^r V{mar`mon{ZfX_| dUZ
Am`m h {H$ ""Bg AmZX_` na_m_mH$mo nm boZona g^r bmoH$m|_| AnZo
{X` H$m_m|H$m Cn^moJ H$aVm hdm ~_kmZr AZwgMaU H$a nmVm h''
(V{m.Cn.3&5). Bg H$m_mon^moJH$mo, AV, Ho$db Am{Y^m{VH$ `m Ho$db
Am`mp_H$ _mZZm ~_Ho$ d$n Ama CgHo$ gmjmH$maHo$ {X` ah`Ho$
~mao_| h_mao An[aM`H$m moVZ h.
EVmdVm {g hmoVm h {H$ ^mo`d ^moVd VWm oaH$d/gm{jd Ho$
Am{Y^m{VH$ Am`mp_H$ `m Am{YX{dH$ VrZm| hr $n hmo gH$Vo h.
(6)"gmX`...'n_| {Vnm ah` CV {{dY {V`m_H$
d$nV`m ^mdZr` h :
AV na~_ na_m_m ^JdmZ lrH$UHo$ Eogo hr Am{Y^m{VH$ Am`mp_H$
Ama Am{YX{dH$ ^mo`-^moV-oaH$/gm{j$nm|H$s {ddoMZm "gmX`'nH$m
{Vnm {df` h.
BZ_| Cg na_ VdHo$ na~_ hmoZoHo$ nhbw_| dh Am{Y^m{VH$ H$sS>mHo$
AVJV AnZo gXem|go Am{Y^m{VH$ do-^mo`-H$m`^yV OS>$nm|H$mo H$Q>
H$aVm h. {MXemogo Ordm|_| Am{Y^m{VH$ dom-H$V-^moV^yV MoVZ$nm|H$mo
H$Q> H$aVm h. na_m_m hmoZoHo$ nhbw_| dh oaH$-gm{j^md ^r H$Q> H$aVm
hr h. Xe_H$Yr` gw~mo{YZrH$s {Q>nUr_| AmVm h {H$ ""d` {ZOmW
\$b^moJH$s Anojmgo a{hV Omo XygaoH$mo \$b^moJ g_{nV H$aZoH$mo CgHo$
A{YH$maHo$ AZwgma dVH$ ~ZVm hmo Cgo "gmjr' H$hZm Mm{h`o, Ogo
10

na_m_m.'' (gw~mo.{Q>n.10&18&1). AV AnZo A{dH$mar gpMXmZX

$nH$mo Imo`o {~Zm {dY_ml` hmoZoHo$ H$maU BZgo {dnarV ^r, AWmV
A{dH$Vn[aUm_r hmoZoH$s gm_`Ho$ de hr, dh H$Vm-^moVm VWm H$m`-^mo`
hmoZoHo$ $nm|H$mo ^r YmaU `m H$Q> H$aVm h. ^JdmZ hmoZoHo$ nhbw_| BZ g^r
$nm|go AVrV `m na ah H$a dh AnZr na_odaVm ^r H$Q> H$aVm h. `m|
_`nmVr na_m_m hmoZoHo$ nhbw_| dh oaH$-gmjr hmoZoH$s ^r AnZr brbm
H$Q> H$aVm h. `h ""CgZo g~ Hw$N> ~Zm`m Ama ~Zm H$a dh d` dhm
{d> hmo J`m''-""dh g^rHo$ ^rVa ah H$a g^rH$m AV{Z`_Z H$aVm
h ' '-""Am a AVEd CZgo {bV Zht hmo V m'' (V { m.Cn.2&6,
~h.Cn.3&7&15, H$R>mon.2&2&11) Eogo lw{VdMZm|_| Bg Bg gm{j^mdH$m
{VnmXZ gwn>V`m CnbY hmoVm hr h.

""lrH$UHo$ ^rVa Omo r(=^mo`)^md {ZJyT> ahVm h

dhr nw{>_mJ_| na_ A^r> d$n "H$U'nXmW h, {OgH$m
{ddaU H$^r-H$ht H$Q> hmoVm h'' (gw~mo.10&18&5).
2
""dhr na_Vd H$^r AnZo ^rVa aho na_gmX`H$mo H$Q>
H$aZoH$s BN>mHo$ de O~ gmH$ma mXw^yV hmoVm h V~ "lrH$U'
H$hm OmVm h''(V.Xr.{Z.3&1&1).
1

`hm h_ XoI gH$Vo h {H$ lrH$UHo$ Xmo VahHo$ gmX`m]_| go EH$H$mo

gdJmoMaV`m H$Q> Ama XygaoH$mo A{YH$m[a{deofH$JmoMaV`m {ZJyT> _mZm Om
ahm h. gmW hr gmW nydm}XmV lw{VdMZ_| Omo ""CgZo AnZo-AmnH$mo Xmo
Vah {d^m{OV H$a {b`m. AV n{V ^r Ama nZr ^r dh d` hr ~Z
J`m''(~h.Cn.1&4&2-7) Eogo n{VnZrHo$ {d`_| Am_{d^mOZHo$ {Z$nUHo$
H$maU lrH$UHo$ Am{YX{dH$ gmX`H$mo EoH$mpVH$V`m Ho$db eJmaagm_H$
Amb~Z{d^md AWdm Wm{`^md hmoZoHo$ $n_| {ZhmaZoH$m {>H$moU VmX
a{gH$ ^Vm|Ho$ XJV ^mdm|Ho$ CXJmam|Ho$ AmYmana VwV {H$`m J`m h.
AVEd JyT>nw^md Ama JyT>r^md H$mo ^r Ho$db eJmaagHo$ n[agr{_V AW_|
drH$maZoH$s Ama lrH$UH$mo ^r Ho$db eJmaagHo$ Zm`H$Ho$ $n_| VwV
_mZZoH$s n[anm{Q> Mb nS>r h.

VXZwgma lr_X^mJdVXe_H$YH$s gw~mo{YZrHo$ A>mahd| A`m`_|

_hm^w lrdb^mMm` ^mo`^mdH$m r^mdHo$ $n_| Vmo ^moV^mdH$m nw^mdHo$
$n_| {VnmXZ H$aVo h. nydm}XmV lw{VdMZ_| ^r Am_{d^mOZ r-nwfHo$
V_| {Vnm{XV hdm. dhm Am_{d^mOZH$mo Ho$db r-nwfHo$ V_| gr{_V
Zht _mZm Om gH$Vm. `m|{H$ AZoH$ Ord`mo{Z`m rnwfHo$ ^oX {~Zm ^r g{>_|
Omonm{XH$m ~ZVr h `h _m{UV h. AV r-nwfm_H$ {d^mOZH$mo
Am_{d^mOZH$s A`m` {dYmAm|H$m CnbjU _mZZm Mm{h`o. `m| OS>g{>H$mo
r^mdm_H$ Ama MoVZg{>H$mo nw^mdm_H$ _mZm J`m h ""bmo{hV ewb
Ed H$U dUdmbr AnZo g_mZ ~hV gmar OmH$m gOZ H$aZodmbr EH$
AOmH$m Cn^moJ Ana AO H$aVm h. dh A{V^moJde {daV hmoZona Cg
AOmH$m `mJ ^r H$a nmVm h'' (doVm.Cn.4&5).

(7)^mo `^md=r^md,
^mo V ^ md=nw ^md
Am a
gm{j^md=VVr`^md VrZm| H$Q> `m JyT> hmo gH$Vo h :
gw~mo{YZr_| `hm `h ^r {Vnm{XV hdm h {H$ `oH$ H$Q> nw^mdHo$
^rVa EH$ JyT>r^md {Z{hV ahVm h Ama Bgr Vah `oH$ H$Q> r^mdHo$
^rVa EH$ JyT>nw^md {Z{hV ahVm h. AVEd Bg gX^_| _hm^wHo$ `o XmoZm|
dMZ :

`h na~_ na_m_m ^JdmZH$s lrH$UmdVmaH$s brbmHo$ H$mb_|

dOJmo{nH$mAm|Ho$ gX^_| H$W{MV C{MV `m CnnZ _mZm Om gH$Vm h. {\$a^r
Bht lrH$UHo$ na~_ na_m_m na_oda jamjamVrV nwfmom_ ^JdmZ hmoZoHo$
Xygao nj_| EoH$mpVH$ V`V`m _m` Zht hmo nmVm. `m|{H$ ^m`H$ma gwn>V_
eXm|_| H$hVo h ""~_ "agmo d g' Ama "gdag' Ogo lw{VdMZm|H$o AmYmana
gdagm_H$ {ZUuV hmoVm h. AV {Og agHo$ Ogo `m Omo ^r {d^mdmZw^md
Am{X hmoVo h, CZgo dh ag gnZ hmoVm h. AV VVwAm|Ho$ AmVmZ{dVmZde Ogo nQ> {ZnZ hmoVm h dgo hr g^r Ama {H$gr ^r agH$s

11

12

(8)d$nVmo ~_ gdagm_H$ naVw brb`m EH$ {deofagm_H$ ^r

Ano{jV g^r g_m{J`m|go ~_H$m A^oX drH$maZm hr C{MV h''

(~.gy.^m.3&3&10). EVmdVm ewmVdmX_| lrH$UH$mo Ho$db eJmaagm_m
Zm`H$ drH$maZona `m Vmo ewmVdmXH$m `m`mZ hmo Om`oJm. A`Wm
Amn{Zf{XH$ ~_mVH$s VwbZm_| agemr` _mZXS>m|H$mo YmZ _mZZona Vmo
AdVmaH$mbrZ Zm`H$-Zm{`H$m$n VHo$ H$Q> hmo OmZoHo$ H$maU hr ^JdmZH$mo
eJmam_m _mZm Om gH$Vm h. A`Wm AZdVmaH$mb_| ^pV_`r _Zmod{mmam
^JdmZH$mo eJmam_H$V`m ^m{dV H$aZoH$mo agemr` {Z`_m|H$mo _m` aIZona
Vmo agm^mg hr H$Q> hmoJm. AVEd npS>V OJZmW H${damO H$hVo h :
""A~ nyN>m Om`o {H$ BVZo hr ag `m| _mZo OmVo h? `m|{H$
^JdmZH$mo Amb~Z ~Zm H$a H$Q> hmoZodmbo amo_mM AlwnmV
Am{XHo$ mam, AZw^m{dV hf Am{X mam, n[anmo{fV ^mJdV
Am{X nwamUm|Ho$ ldU H$aVo g_` ^JdX^Vm|H$mo ^pVagH$s
Omo AZw^y{V hmoVr h, CgH$m AdrH$ma H$go e` hmo gH$Vm
h ? AV ^JdXZw a mJ$nm ^pVH$mo Wm{`^md _mZZm
Mm{h`o... `h C{MV Zht `m|{H$ ^pVH$s _Zmod{m Xod
Am{XHo$ ~mao_| Ho$db ^mdHo$ $n_| H$Q> hmoVr hmoZogo agHo$ $n_|
_m` Zht hmo nmVr... `{X H$moB H$ho {H$ Eogm _mZZona Vmo
H$m{_ZrHo$ ~mao_| a{VH$mo ^r ^md hr `m| Zht _mZ {b`m OmVm?
Bg {df`_| g_mYmZ `h h {H$ ^aV Am{X _w{Z`m|Ho$ dMZm|Ho$
AmYmana hr {H$go Ho$db ^md Ama {H$go Wm{`^md$n ag
_mZZm, Bg {df`H$s `dWm gw { ZYm [ aV hmo Z o g o
dN> XH$nZmAm| H $mo m_m{UH$ Zht _mZm Om gH$Vm
(CXm.""BH$+AM=`U'' Ama ""AdU+AM=JwU'' H$m
{Z`_ `mH$aUH$do hmoZogo ""BH$+AM=JwU'' Ogr dN>X
H$nZm drH$m` Zht hmo nmVr)... AV `Wmem `dWm
_m` aIZr Mm{h`o'' (agJJm.1)

hmoVr _mZZr nS>oJr. `m|{H$ lw{V_| H$hm J`m h {H$ ""`hr Vmo BgH$m na_
AmZX h. BgrHo$ AmZXH$s jw _mmAm|H$m A` gmar Ord^yV MoVZm
CnOrdZ H$aVr h'',""`hm Hw$N> ^r AnZo-Amn_| {` hmoZoHo$ H$maU {`
Zht bJVm. `wV Cg na_m_mHo$ {` hmoZoHo$ H$maU {` bJVm h''
(~h.Cn.4&3&32,2&4&5). `h nma_mp_H$s {`Vm Z Vmo eJ maag_| n[apN>Z
rnw^mdmp_H$m hmoVr h Ama Z ^OZr`H$s AmamYZm_| n`{gV hmoVr ^V^JdX$nm ^OZmp_H$m hr. BZgo g~go nao `h Vmo VmpdH$s {`Vm h. AV
BZ dMZm|go {dnarV Hw$N> _mZZona Vmo ^pVHo$ Amb~Z{d^mdH$s na~_Vm `m
na_m_Vm hr {ZaV hmo Om`oJr.

EVmdVm {g hmoVm h {H$ lrH$UH$mo na~_ na_m_m na_oda jamjamVrV

nwfmom_ ^JdmZ _mZZm hmo AWmV Ho$db eJmaagZm`H$ bm{H$H$ nwf Zht Vmo
_yb_| Am_a{Verb na_m_mH$s Am_a{V hr lrH$UHo$ ^Vm|Ho$ ^rVa H$Q>

(9)agm_H$VmHo$ _yb$nH$s {ddoMZm :

AV Cn{ZfX VWm ^mJdV Ho$ AZw$n ^JdmZHo$ ag$nVmHo$ _yb^yV
njH$s {ddoMZm _hm^w `m| H$aVo h :
1
""AV Zoh Vmo EH$ nXmWmVa hr h. dh ^JdpZ> Ed
^JdX{df`H$ hr hmoVm h. Ogo kmZ `m Eod` ^JdmZHo$ gmW
g~Y OwS>Zona {ZH$Q>VmHo$ H$maU A` ^r H$Q> hmo OmVo h.
CXmhaUV`m ApZH$s {ZH$Q>VmHo$ H$maU CUVm A` ^r
gH$mV hmoVr h. Omo {OVZm ^JdmZHo$ A{YH$ {ZH$Q> hmoVm h
CVZm A{YH$ Zoh Cg_| H$Q> hmoZo bJVm h.''
2
""r{V Vmo ^JdmZH$m Eogm Y_ h {Ogo ^JdmZ g^r
Ordm_mAm|Ho$ ~rM Ch| gwImZw^y{VHo$ hoVw IS>e ~mQ>Vo h.
AV Omo {Ogo MmhZo bJVm h Cgo dhm gwI {_bZo bJ OmVm
h. dVwV Vmo {ZOgwI hr d`H$mo {_bVm hmoVm h.''
(gw~mo.1&19&16, 2&2&7).
n> h {H$ `hm Zoh `m r{V Ho$ H$Q> hmoZoH$s {H$`m agemr` Z hmo
H$a doXmVemr` AWdm ^mJdVemr` hr h.
AVEd _hm^w `h ^r H$hVo h {H$ ""^JdmZ O~ d` OJV_| ^moVm
~Z H$a OJVH$mo ^mo`^mdmnZ H$aZm MmhVo V~ g^r Hw$N> b_r$n ~Z
OmVm h. O~ ^JdmZ H$Q> hmoZm MmhVo h, V~ AZV epVAm|Ho$ ~rM_|

13

14

gdW_ lr$nm epV Omo nhbo ~bH$s Vah ^JdmZHo$ ^rVa AdpWV
ahVr h, dhr ^JdmZH$s ^mo` ^m`m `m {`m ~Z H$a H$Q> hmo OmVr h.
dh AnZo-Amn_| gpMynm hmoZona ^r CgH$m {dJh Aja~_mZX$n
hmoVm h. ^JdXdVmaHo$ g_` g^r (Eogo JwVmZX) ^JdX^mo` `m Vmo
b_r$n hmoVo `m CgHo$ Amdoedmbo'' (gw~mo.2&9&13-14).
(10)^pV ^r dV ag h :
AVEd BZ gmao ah`m|H$mo `mZ_| aI H$a AdVmadmXmdbrH$ma lrnwfmom_Or
^r H$hVo h :
""eJmaHo$ Wm{`^mdV`m A{^_V a{V ^r ZohH$m hr EH$
H$ma{deof hmoVm h. AV "emamp_H$m a{V hr ag$nm hmoVr
h naVw Ho$db Zoh Zht' Bg_| {H$gr VahH$s {d{ZJ_Zm Z hmoZoHo$
H$maU Xmo Z m| H $mo n W H $ -n W H $ ag _mZZm Mm{h`o . AV
Zm{`H$mH$s Zm`H$Ho$ ~mao_| Ama Zm`H$H$s Zm{`H$mHo$ ~mao_| a{V
Ogo (^aVm{X_w{ZAm|Ho$ dMZHo$ m_m`Ho$ AZwamoYde)
eJma$nm _mZr OmVr h, dgo hr _mVm Am{XH$m nw Am{XHo$
~mao_| Ama nw Am{XH$m _mVm Am{XHo$ ~mao_| Zoh dmg`agm_H$
({d^mZw^mdgMm[a^mdm|go {ZnZ Wm{`^mdHo$ H$Q> hmoZoH$s
{H$`mHo$ `hm ^r CnnZ hmo OmZoHo$ H$maU ) `m| ag Zht
_mZm Om gH$Vm? Bgr Vah ^JdX{df{`H$m {Znm{YH$m a{VH$mo
^r Mmho dh g`moJmp_H$m hmo `m {d`moJmp_H$m Abm{H$H$
hmoZHo $o H$maU _w` ag (Am_-na_m_a{V$nm ^pV) Ho$ $n_|
drH$maZm Mm{h`o, ""agmo d g'' (V{m.Cn.2&7) Bg lw{VHo$
AmYmana ^JdmZH$mo ag$n _mZm J`m hmoZogo. `hm `h CboIZr`
h {H$ _ybV Vmo bm{H$H$ a{V hr Cnm{YO` hmoZoHo$ H$maU d`
a`m^mg$nm hmoVr h''(Ad.dmXm.^pVag.dm.)
(11)lrH$UmdVmaHo$ g_` ^Jdd$n gdagm_H$ hr H$Q> hdm
:
15

lrnwfmom_OrH$m `h {VnmXZ _hm^wHo$ ""_bmZm_ Ae{Z...''

(^mJ.nwam.10&40&17) Ho$ gw~mo{YZrJV ""^JdmZZo Bg Vah aJ_Mna
doe {H$`m {H$ g^rHo$ AnZo-AnZo A{YH$mam|Ho$ AZwgma X`JV ag^md
n[anw> hmo J`o. `{n emVagH$mo {deofV`m A{^Zo` Zht _mZm J`m
{\$a^r ZmQ>em_| agm|H$s g`mH$mo {H$gr {deof A{^m`de AmR>_|
n[agr{_V aIm J`m h. A`Wm ^pVagH$m ^r A{^Z` ag{>_| A{V
{ZnwUm|mam Vmo e` hmoVm hr h'' (gw~mo.10&40&17), Bg dMZgo gwgJV
bJVm hr h. AVEd npS>VamOH$s AZwnn{mH$m ^r g_mYmZ `hm Bg Vah {_b
OmVm h {H$ Ohm gmgm[aH$ agm|H$m A{^Z` H$aZm Cn`wV hmo dhm ^aVm{X
_w{Z`m|mam {ZYm[aV agm|H$s AmR> g`mH$m H$moB ZmQemr` Am{M` hmoVm
hmoJm na Agmgm[aH$ {X` ^Jdd$nH$m ldU-H$sVZ-A{^Z` `m ^mdZ
H$aZm hmo Vmo Cn{ZfX Ed ^mJdVnwamU Ho$ AmYmana agm|H$mo AmR>g`m_|
n[agr{_V Zht _mZm Om gH$Vm.
AVEd, {d^mdmZw^mdm{XHo$ ^oXm|Ho$ Amg{JH$ hmoZoHo$ H$maU, na~_
na_m_m ^JdmZ lrH$UHo$ gOmVr`-{dOmVr`-dJV^oXd{OV d$nH$mo Ho$db
eJmaagm_H$ ^r _mZm Zht Om gHo$Jm.
(12)~d$n gdm_H$ na lrH$U gdagm_H$ :
`o gmao {d^mdmZw^mdm{X ge ^oX Vmo Am_Zm Am_mHo$ ^rVa Am_$n
H$Q> {H$`o J`o EopN>H$ ^oXHo$ H$maU brbm_| hr gV hmo nmVo h. `{X
Cnn{mH$nHo$ g_ml`Umam `m{ndHw$R>_| {Z`brbmHo$ gX^_| Bh| gV
_mZZm hmo V~ ^r agemr` _`mXmAm|go ~mha Om H$a hr BZH$m CnnmXZ e`
~Z nm`oJm, `m|{H$ bmoH$_| ~m Amb~Z{d^md VWm Am`Va Wm{`^md,
AWmV {` Ama o_, Ho$ ~rM A^oX g^d Zht O~{H$ ~_Ho$ Am`Va
agm_H$ hmoZona ^r ~m Amb~Z{d^mdm_H$ d$nHo$ gmW Am`pVH$
^oX e` Zht hmoVm. AV agemr` _`mXmAm|Ho$ Am`pVH$ AZwamoY `m
m_m` Ho$ gmW ~YZona Vmo ~__| ZmQ>emr` agm_H$Vm hr AH$nZr`
hmo OmVr h. AWmV lrH$UHo$ na~ na_m_m ^JdmZ hmoZoHo$ Amn{Zf{XH$ `m
^mJdVr` njHo$ AZwamoYde hr CZH$m d$n agm_H$ _mZm Om gH$Vm h,
16

brbm_| {H$Vw EopN>H$ ^oXHo$ mH$Q>de agm_H$Vm Ad` CnnZ hmo nmVr
h. BgHo$ Abmdm ~_gy^m`JV ~_Ho$ gdagm_H$ hmoZoHo$ {VnmXZHo$
OmJH$ ahZoHo$ H$maU ^r `hr C{MV bJVm h.
(13)brbmW lrH $ U e J ma H $agm_m hmo gH$Vo h {\$a^r
gdm_^mdnydH$ ^OZmW Vmo ^pVagm_m hr :
gdm{YH$ _hdnyU ah` Bg {df`_| `h EH$ Ama _ZZr` h {H$ EH$
hr Zht, {ZandmX$noU gd, _hm^wZo ^JdmZH$s na_mZw^y{V gd^mdH$J`
drH$mar h. AVEd do H$hVo h {H$ ""dOm{Yn_| gd^md aIVo hdo gdXm
^OZ H$aZm Mm{h`o''-""Xohgo ma^ H$a Bda n`V {Og-{H$gr ^mdHo$
AZwgma {OVZo ^r ^OZr` hmoVo h, do gmao ^md ^JdmZ_| hr n`d{gV
H$aHo$ ^JdX^OZ H$aZm Mm{h`o. BZ gmao ^mdm|H$mo ^r ^pV^md aIVo
hdo hr ^OZmn{`H$ ~ZmZo Mmqh`o '' (MVw.bmo.1-gw~mo.3&32&22). Eogr
pW{V_| ^JdmZ H $m ^OZ Ho $ db e J maagm_H$ ^pV^mdHo $ $n_|
A{YH$m[a{deofHo$ {b`o hr AZw_moXZr` {g hmoVm h. {\$a^r ^r ^pVagm_H$
eJma^md `m Ho$db eJmaagm_H$ ^md Ho$ $n_| ^JdX^OZ AZdVmaH$mb_|
`m _o`~bgo dVmo-AmH$QH$mb _| AZw_moXZr` Zht ah OmVm. AVEd
_hm^w H$hVo h ""kmZ{VnmXH$ Ama ^pV{VnmXH$ XmoZm| VahHo$ emm|_|
^JdmZH$mo kmZ `m ^pV $nr gmYZgo m` _mZm J`m h. BZ gmYZm|H$s
Vah hr, {H$Vw, d` ^JdmZH$m d$n ^r dmpV_| brbmW dVgmYZ
~Z gH$Vm h. `m|{H$ kmZ `m ^pV $nr gmYZm|H$s ^JdXm{d^mdmW
hr Cn`mo{JVm hmoVr h. AV ^JdmZHo$ dV Am{d^yV hmoZona Vmo `o XmoZm|
gmYZ A{H$pMH$a hmo OmVo h A`Wm Zht. dfmH$mb_| Ob gd gwb^
hmo OmVm h EVmdVm ZXr-Hy$n-VS>mJ Am{XH$mo gdWm {Zn`moJr Zht
_mZm Om gH$Vm'' (gw~mo.10&26&13). AVEd AZdVmaH$mb_| _hm^wH$mo
^pVH$m, Omo _mhm`kmZnydH$ gwT> gdVmo@{YH$ Zohm_H$, d$n _m` h
dh Vmo nma_mp_H$s Am_a{VHo$ {~Zm gdWm Ae` hr h. Ordm_mHo$ ^rVa
VdV ghO{g hr na_m_a{V _mhm`kmZgo gd{bV `m AZmdV hmo H$a
H$Q> hmoZona ^pVag$nm ~Z OmVr h. AVEd _yb_| Vmo ^OZr` ^JdmZH$s
eJmaagm_H$Vm ^r ^pV^mdHo$ gMm[a^mdHo$ {df`V`m hr AZw_moXZr` hmo
17

nm`oJr. AVEd eJmaagm_H$ Wm{`^mdHo$ gMm[a^mdV`m ^pV^md

nw{>^pV_mJ_| AZw_moXZr` Zht _mZm Om gH$Vm. ^pVHo$ Wm`r ^mdHo$
AVJV AWmV gMm[a^mdV`m eJmamp_H$m a{V ^r, {damoYm^mg Z hmoZoHo$
H$maU AZw_moXZr` ~Z OmVr h.
(14)gdagm_m lrH$UHo$ JyT>^mdm_H$ lrdb^ ^r AmMm`V`m
H$Q> hmoZogo ^pVagm_m h :
AV {g hmoVm h {H$ VwV "gmX`...' n_| ^r _yb^yV ^Jdd$nH$m
na_ gmX` Ama Cg gmX`Ho$ ~mao_| H$Q> hmoVr _yb^yV a{V ^r Ho$db
eJmaagmp_H$m _mZr Zht Om gH$Vr. `m|{H$ _yb^yV hmoZona Vmo gdagmp_H$m
_mZZm hr CnnZ h. AmMm`MaUHo$ AZwgma ^JdmZHo$ Aja~_mZXm_H$
^m`m}n_ {d{dY^mddmbo Ajame$n ^Vm|Ho$ {d{dY^mdm| Ama CZ ^mdm|Ho$
AVJV AZw^Vy hmoVr g`moJ-{d`moJmp_H$m a{VH$m ^r AVEd Ho$db eJ maag_|
AV^md _mZm Zht Om gH$Vm. `m|{H$ Eogr a{VH$m gdm_^md_| CXmmrH$aU
hr AmMm`MaUH$mo A{YH$ A{^oV {H$`m bJVr h. `m|{H$ lr_XmMm`MaU
H$hVo h ""^oXH$mo nma_m{WH$ {Z${nV H$aZodmbo emH$mo YmZ _mZ H$a
V_mo-aOg-gdJwUm|Ho$ ^oXde {^Z-{^Z VrZ VahHo$ ^pV_mJ;
Ama h_ {OgH$m {VnmXZ H$aZm MmhVo h, Eogm {ZJwU^pV_mJ `m| Hw$b
{_bm H$a Mmam| VahHo$ ^pV_mJm]H$m ^JdmZZo d` {VnmXZ {H$`m h''
(gw~mo.3&32&37). AVEd {H$gr Am{YX{dH$ eJmaagmp_H$m a{VHo$
Wm{`^mdHo$ gMm[a^mdV`m ^pVH$m {VnmXZ AdVmabrbm_| _m` hmoZona
^r nw{>^pV_mJu` AmamYZmUmbr_| _hm^wHo$ _Vgo {dnarVH$Wm h. AVEd
VwV nH$s `m`m_| Omo Eogr eJmamp_H$m a{VHo$ H$Q> Ama JyT> nw^mdm|H$s
{ddoMZm {_bVr h Cgo Xe_H$Yr`brbmHo$ gX^_| hr ^mdZr` g_PZr
Mm{h`o. AZwgaUr` nw{>^pV_mJu` ^OZHo$ H$maV`m Zht.
`hm AdYo` h {H$ OJV Ama OJXreHo$ ~rM ^oX_ybH$ gJwU^pV^mdHo$
~Om` A^oX_ybH$ {ZJwU^pV^md hr {Znm{YH$ gdm_^md_| dm^m{dH$V`m
{dH${gV hmo gH$Vm h. A`Wm bm{H$H$ Zm{`H$mHo$ ~mao_| bm{H$H$ Zm`H$Ho$
eJmaagm_H$ ""gm gm gm gm OJ{V gH$bo H$mo@`_ AVdmX''
18

(A_.eV.102) ge gdm_^mdgo Abm{H$H$ eJmaagZm`H$ ^JdmZ Ama

CZHo$ {V H$Q> hmoZodmbo gdm_^mdH$m ewmVdmX_| H$moB VwbZm_H$ CH$f
{g Zhr hmo nm`oJm. VdV EH$_odm{Vr` ~_ hr AZoH$ Zm_-$nH$_m_Zm H$sS>m H$a ahm h, Eogm drH$ma boZoHo$ ~mX ^mdV CgH$m Ho$db
{H$gr EH$ hr $n_| {d^mdZ AWdm Ho$db AZoH${dY Zm_-$n-H$_m}noVV`m
hr {d^mdZ, `m Vmo brbm `m {\$a d$n Ho$ AdrH$ma_| hr n`d{gV hmo OmVm
h.

""AnZo mU _Z Ama Z`Zm| H$mo g`V H$a T>`moJ H$aZodmbo

`moJr {Og na_m_mH$m AmVa `mZ bJm`o ahVo h, of^mdde
{ZaVa AmVa _aU H$aZodmbo ew ^r Cg na_m_mH$mo nm boVo
h. na__o`$n MaUgamoOHo$ _H$aXHo$ nmZ H$aZoH$m AmVa
^md aI H$a h_ _mU$n lw{V`m {OZ ^JdmZ_| nam`U ahVr
h, ChtH$s b~r-MmS>r ^wOmAm|H$mo H$m_^mdde ~m{>
aI {ZaIZodmbr p`m ^r nm boVr h! `m|{H$ ^JdmZ Vmo
AnZo g^r ^Vm| H $mo g_{>go {ZhmaVo h ' '
(^mJ.nwam.10&84&23).

dgo Vmo bm{H$H$ Zm`H$Ho$ ~mao_| ^r AmR>m_| g| o A`V_ {H$gr ^r Wm{`^md_|

~mp_H$s {dY_ml`Vm Ogr {dY_ml`Vm agem_| drH$mar hr J`r
h, Ogm{H$ "Xe$nH$'H$ma H$hVo h ""{d `m A{d ^mdm|Ho$ H$maU
{OgH$m {dN>oX Zht hmo nmVm `wV Ch| AnZo ^rVa Omo EH$dX^mdmnZ
H$a nmVm hmo Eogm gmJaHo$ Ogm Wm`r ^md hmoVm h'' (Xe$.4&34).
{\$a^r ~_JV gd^mdm_H$Vm, gd^md{d^mZr`Vm Ed gd^mdm|Ho$ AZw$n
d`Ho$ d$n H$Q> H$aZoH$s gm_`H$s VwbZm H$aZona bm{H$H$ Wm{`^mdm|Ho$
^r gdm_H$ hmoZo Ed gd^mdm|H$mo Am_brZ H$a nmZoHo$ V`H$mo ~_H$s
VwbZm_| Vmo jw _mZZm hr nS>Vm h, ""Omo {ZpMVV`m ^y_m (Xoe-H$mbd$nVmo An[apN>Z) hmoVm h dhr gwI$n hmoVm h. An_| {H$gr VahH$m
gwI Zht hmoVm. ^y_m hr gwI$n hmoVm h.'' (N>mXmo.Cn.7&23&1) Ama
""Bgr _hmZ VdH$s jw _mmAm|H$m A` g^r CnOrdZ H$aVo h.''
(~h.Cn.4&3&32) Ogo lw{VdMZm|H$o AmYmana Xoe-H$mb-d$nVmo AnapN>Z
~_mZXH$s Vmo jwV_ _mmAm|Ho$ hr gmao bm{H$H$ Wm{`^md CnOrdr hmoVo h.
~_H$m d$nmZX O~ dmXw^m{dV ^Vm|Ho$ ^mdHo$ AZw$n agemr`
{d^mdmZw^mdgMm[a^mdm|H$s ghH$m[aVm nm H$a {H$gr EH$ VahHo$ Wm{`^mdHo$
$n_| brbmn[aH$am|Ho$ X`_| $T> hmo nmVm h, V~ Cg agm_H$VmHo$ H$maU Cg
AmZX$n ^JdmZHo$ ~mao_| H$Q> hmoVm AmZXm_H$ o_ _moX Ama _moX
~_mZw^y{V_mZH$mo na_mZXmp_H$m ~Zm XoVm h (>.V{m.Cn.2&6). Bg_|
Ordm_mHo$ ag^mdm|Ho$ AZwHy$b A{YH$maH$s {>go VmaV` hmoZona ^r
^Jdd$nH$s {>go ^oX _mZZona ^mJdVHo$ {Og dMZHo$ gmW {damoYm^md
CnpWV hmoJm dh dMZ `m| h :

BgH$s gw~mo{YZr_| hr _hm^wZo `h n>Vm H$s h {H$ _`mXm_mJ {Z{f_mJ

nw{>_mJ Ama dVH$_mJ `m| Mmam|_| go {H$gr ^r EH$ _mJHo$ AZwgma ^JdmZH$m
^OZ H$aZodmbo ^JdmZHo$ {b`o g_mZ hmoZona ^r, Ogo H$mago ^OZ H$aZona
h_ ^JdmZHo$ Am_r` ~Z nm`| Cg H$ma ^OZ H$aZm lo> hmoVm h. BZ_| WmoS>r
XoaHo${b`o _`mXm_mJ Ama {Z{f_mJ Ho$ ~mao_| Hw$N> ^r H$ho-gmoMo {~Zm Ho$db
nw{>_mJ Ama dVH$_mJ Ho$ dbj`H$m {dMma H$aZona `h n> hmo OmVm h
{H$ lw{V$nm Ama F${f$nm Jmo{nH$mAm|H$m ^r ^JdmZH$mo ~m{>dmbo H$m_^mdgo
^OZm ^JdmZH$s dgr brbmp_H$m nw{> `m H$nm Ho$ H$maU AZw_moXZr` hmo
gH$Vm h naVw CZ lw{V$nm Jmo{nH$mAm|Ho$ mam d{VV ^pV_mJHo$ ^rVa Vmo
AmVa ^mddmbr ^pV hr AZw_moXZr` hmoVr h. A`Wm Bgo "dVH$_mJ'
H$hZm {ZaWH$ {g hmoJm. Bg gX^_| CdOrHo$ dMZ ""Cm_bmoH$
^JdmZ_| Amn JmonrOZm|Zo Omo CH$>V_ ^pVH$m dVZ {H$`m dh Vmo
_w{Z`m|H$mo ^r Xwb^ h'' (^mJ.nw a m.10&44&25) VWm _hm^w H o $
""...JmonrOZ Jw H$ho OmVo h CZH$m ^md dgr ^mdZm H$aZona {g
hmoJm, A` {H$gr gmYZH$s Anojm Zht'' (g`m.{ZU.8) AZwgYo` h.
`hm Eogr eH$m Zht H$aZr Mm{h`o {H$ V~ Vmo eJ ma^md Ama CgH$m Amb~Z{d^md
hr nwZ Jbon{VV hmoJm. `m|{H$ ^wMaUZo BgH$m n>rH$aU {X`m h ""BZ
JmonrOZm|H$m _yb_| Vmo Am_^md_ybH$ {Zn{Y Zoh hr ^JdmZHo$ ~mao_|
Wm, ~m dVw{df`H$ H$m_^md_ybH$ Zht. dh Vmo d` ^JdmZZo hr

19

20

CZH$s {Zn{Y Am_a{VHo$ ^mdH$mo AnZo doUwdmXZ Ed eJmaagm_H$

d$nmam H$m_monm{YH$ ~Zm`m Wm'' (gw~mo.jo.10&26&43).
EVmdVm {g hmoVm h {H$ Ordm_mH$s {>go of_ybH$ gdm_^mdH$s
VwbZm_| H$m_^mdm_H$ gdm_^md lo> hmoVm h, Eogo hr emVagm_H$ `mZ^mdH$s
VwbZm_| gd^mdm|H$mo AnZo_| g_m gH$Zodmbm ^pVagm_H$ ^md lo>V_ hmoVm
h. d$n Ama brbm _| Eogr {dY_ml`Vm H$Q> H$aZodmbo ~Ho$ ~mao_|,
AVEd, H$__mJ Ama kmZ_mJ, Omo `m Vmo brbmJV ^oX AWdm d$nJV
A^oX H$s YmZVmH$m Adb~Z H$a H$Q> hmoVo h, BZHo$ ~Om` ^pV_mJ
A{YH$ Cn`wV hmoVm h. `m|{H$ `h ^pVag _mhm`kmZdmbo Aemam
gd{dY ^oXm|_| AZwJV hmoVo ~_Ho$ d$nm^oXH$mo Ogo Bg Amoa CnnZ H$aVm
h dgo hr Cg Amoa gwT>-gdVmo@{YH$ Zoh Aemam Cg A^oXH$s n>^y{_Ho$
nwamo^mJ_| H$Q> hmoVo {deofd$n Ama {deofbrbm Ho$ ^oXH$mo ^r CnnZ H$a
XoVm h. AVEd {H$gr A{YH$m[a{deofH$s gd{dY Zm_-$n-H$_m]_| AnZo
^OZr` d$nH$mo {ZhmaZoH$s A{MH$m, AWdm AnZo ^OZr` d$nHo$ {deof
Zm_-$n-H$_m]Ho$ Abmdm A`m` Zm_-$n-H$_m]H$s {d^mdZm_| A{MH$m,
^pV_mJu` Am{M` ^md^oXde CnnZ hmoZona ^r, VdV AnZo ^OZr`H$mo
{H$ht {deof Zm_-$n-H$_m]_| n[apN>Z _mZZm, `Wm ^JdmZH$mo Ho$db
eJmaagm_m _mZZm _hm^wHo$ {gmVH$s MmIQ>_| {\$Q> Zht ~R> nmVm. `hr
~mV ^m`H$ma gmYZm`m`Ho$ VVr`nmX_| Bg gwgy_ ah`H$m {dbofU H$aVo
hdo H$hVo h :

{dm| H $s Zht. `h CnmgZm_mJu` `dWm h . na

^pV_mJu`m `dWm AmJo {XIbm`r Om`oJr.''
2
""~_Ho$ `mnH$ hmoZoHo$ H$maU VWm brbmHo$ ^r ~_Ho$
gmW A^oX^md hmoZoHo$ H$maU {H$gr EH$ ^VHo$ gmW H$Q>
h`r {deofbrbm_| A` ^r brbm H$Q> hmoZo bJ|Jr... `mnH$
Y_uHo$ AZmJVwH$ Y_ Vmo `mnH$ hmo gH$Vo h naVw {ZOoN>H $de
H$Q> hmoZodmbo g^r JwUY_brbmAm|H$m gd Y_uHo$ H$Q>
hmoZona d` ^r H$Q> hmoZm A{Zdm` Zht hmoVm.''
3
""{Og Ordm_mH$m ^JdmZZo ^pV_mJmW dr`doZ
daU {H$`m hmo Eogo OrdH$mo ^OZmZXHo$ AZw^d {~Zm hmoVm
^JdmZH$m Am_doZ (`m gd$ndoZ) ^mZ CgH$s ^pV_`r
_Zmod{m_| `dYmZ$n ~Z gH$Vm h. AV Eogm ^mZ ^JdmZ
H$Q> Zht hmoZo XoVo. AV Ogo r-nw-Jh-YZ_| AmgpV
~_mZX_| ~mYH$ ~ZVr h, dgo hr ^OZmZX_| `dYmZ H$Q>
H$aZodmbo ^JdmZHo$ Am_doZ ^mZHo$ ~mao_| ^r g_P boZm
Mm{h`o.''
(~.gy.^m.3&3&2, ~.gy.^m.3&3&10-11H$m ^mdmZwdm.
~.gy.^m.3&3&35-36).

""CnmgZmHo$ {df` A{Ib d$n, A{d{e>V`m EH$

hr ~_Ho$ AZoH$ $n hmoVo h, Eogo kmZHo$ gmW Omo {H$gr EH$V_
d$nH$s CnmgZm H$aVm hmo CgHo${b`o AnZo Cnm` d$n_|
A{Ib Zm_-$n-H$_m] H o $ g_m{hV hmo Z o H $s {damQ > V mH$s
{d^mdZm {ZXm}f hmoVr h(AOwZH$mo Xm {X`{>de {_bo
{damQ>Ho$ gmjmH$maH$s Vah). Omo CnmgH$, naVw, ^JdmZHo$
AZV {d^y{V$nm|Ho$ ~rM {H$gr EH$V_ $nHo$ gmW hr AnZo
Cnm` hmoZoH$m ZmVm {Z^mZm MmhVm hmo Cgo AnZo Cnm`
d$ngo A{d Zm_-$n-H$_m]H$s {d^mdZm H$aZr Mm{h`o

BZ dMZm|H$m gmdYmZrHo$ gmW {d_e H$aZona `h {ZpMVV`m {g hmo

OmVm h {H$ ^V{deof AnZo {d{e> ^mdHo$ AZwamoYde AnZo ^OZr`H$mo
Ho$db AVam_m `m ~mm`Va gdZm_m gd$n `m gdH$_m Z _mZo Vmo H$moB
Amn{mOZH$ ~mV Z hmoZona ^r VdV ^JdmZHo$ CV{dY hmoZoH$m AdrH$ma
e` Zht. Bg {df`H$s gw{deX _r_mgm h_Zo nwfmom_{V>mH$maHo$ {ddaU_|
H$s h. {deof {Okmgm hmoZona dhm XoIm Om gH$Vm h. {\$a^r BVZm n>rH$aU
Amd`H$ bJVm h {H$ _ybmMm`m]H$s {Z$nUar{V_| AWdm nadVu `m`mH$mam|H$s
{Z$nUar{V_| Ohm ^r _yb$n_| `m na_Vd hmoZoHo$ $n_| ^JdmZHo$ eJmam_m
hmoZoH$m CboI {H$`m J`m h, dhm H$ht Vmo dgo brbmgJHo$ AZwamoYde H$s
OmVr `m`m h; AWdm H$ht CZ _hmZw^mdm|H$s AnZo {d^mdZr` d$nHo$
{V H$Q> h`r EH${M `m V_`Vm h. h_| Omo {dd{jV h dh CZ {dYmZm|Ho$

21

22

m_m`H$m {ZagZ Zht naVw "H$VVmdd{VfoY'(~.gy.3&2&22)`m`oZ

AnZo ^OZr`Ho$ {d{e> Zm_-$n-H$_H$s ^OZr`VmHo$ m_m`H$s Vah V{XaVa
Zm_-$n-H$_m]H$s ^OZr`VmHo$ m_m`H$s Cnn{m h. AV Eogo {H$gr _ybdMZ
`m `m`mdMZ H$m XS> Bg h_mao {VnmXZna nmVZr` Zht ~Z nmVm!
{\$a^r EH$ AmeH$mH$m `h CR> gH$Vr h {H$ gw~mo{YZr_| {{dY gwYmHo$
VmaV`H$m {Z$nU H$aVo g_` gdm^mo`m gwYmHo$ ~mao_| _hm^wZo""{X` {H$`mepV Ama kmZepV Ho$ g_oV ^JdmZ gag
eJmam_m ~Z H$a doUwdmXZ H$aZo bJo... BZ doUwdmXZaV
^JdmZH$s gdm^mo`m gwYm g~H$mo ^JdXr` ~ZmVr h. `h
AmZX_|go hr dr^yV hmo H$a H$Q> hmoVr h Ama ~_mZXgo ^r
A{YH$ AmZXgma^yVm hmoVr h... Bg gdm^mo`m gwYmagHo$
AV{d> hmoZona Ordm_m nMH$mo ^yb-^mb H$a gdm_Zm
^Jdd$nHo$ ^OZ_| {Z hmo OmVm h. g{>_| CnZ hmoZdo mbo
{H$gr ^r A{YH$marH$m {X`^moJ Bggo A{YH$ Z hmo H$a Bgr_|
n`d{gV hmoZodmbm hmoVm h. ~mX_| g{>go {d_moMZ VWm
dml`^md_| `mn{m hmoVr h. `h ~_mZXHo$ gmjmH$maHo$
~mX ~ _^mdmn{m$n Am{YX { dH$VmHo $ gnZ hmo Z o n a
Aja~_mZXmp_H$m b_rH$s Vah _w` ag^moJ h Omo
b_rHo$ Ae^yV Ordm_mAm|Ho$ CXmhaU_| ^r g^d h. AVEd
{ZamoYH$mo "_hm\$b' H$hm OmVm h. AVEd ^JdmZHo$ mam
Ordm_mHo $ Jw VmZXHo $ Cn^mo J Ho $ ~mX hr, Ordm_m
AJ{UVmZX$n ^JdXmZXH$m ^moJ H$aZo g_W hmo nmVr h.
AVEd Bg \$bH$aU_| p`m|H$mo {Z$nU {H$`m J`m h.
`m|{H$ nwf$n ^JdmZH$m Cn^moJ Vmo r$noU hr e` hmoVm
h.'' (gw~mo.10&18&2-5)
`hm `h AmeH$m hmo gH$Vr h : gw~mo{YZrHo$ AZwgma _o`$n ^JdmZ
Ama _mU$nlw{V$nm Jmo{nH$mAm|Ho$ _o`-_mU^mdm_H$ ZohH$mo ^JdmZZo
23

AnZo doUwdmXZmam eJmam_H$ ~Zm`m, `h \${bVmW n> hmoZogo amgbrbm Omo

_wIV eJmaagmp_H$m hr h, Cg_| F${f$nm Hw$_m[aH$m Jmo{nH$mAm|H$s Vah,
BZ lw{V$nm A`{ddm{hVm Jmo{nH$mAm|H$mo ^r g_mZ$noU doe {_bm h. gmW
hr gmW ^oX~w{ aIZodmbr Oma^mddVr Jmo{nH$mAm|H$mo doe Z {_bZm, Eogo BZ
V`m|H$s ^br^m{V g_rjm H$aZona EH$ Ama ah` `hm AZmdV hmoVm h. dh
`h {H$ {Z`brbm_| gmjmV b_r `m amYm Am{X dm{_{ZAm|Ho$ ^mo`$n
^JdmZH$s ^r H$moB AgmYmaU _hmm hmoZoHo$ H$maU hr gdm}m_Vmo_| ^r
""lr^mJdVnr`yfg_w_WZj_ Vgma^yVamgr^mdny[aV{dJh...
amgbrbH$Vmn`'' (gdm}.16-17) Eogo _hm^wHo$ Zm_ CZHo$ Am_OZo
H$Q> {H$`o h. AV bm{H$H$ eJmago nao Am{YX{dH$ eJmaagH$s YmZVm,
VXZw$n dgo hr ^Jdd$nH$s ^r YmZVm; Ama VXW Ordm_mHo$ ^rVa dgo
^OZmam Abm{H$H$ eJmaagm_H$ ^JdmZHo$ {X` Cn^moJH$s AZ`gmYmaU
_hmmH$m AdrH$ma e` Zht bJVm . O~{H$ VwV {VnmXZ_| Cgo JmU
~Zm`m OmZm H$go drH$m` hmo nm`oJm?
EVXW WmoS>o-~hV _wm|H$m {dMma H$V`mV hmoZogo CgHo$ hoVw dm hmoVo
h : BZ_| gdW_ ^OZr` ^JdmZHo$ d$n Ama brbm H$m {dMma. {Vr` Cg
brbm_| n[aH$a$n JmonrOZm|Ho$ d$n Ama ^md H$m {d_e. VVr` Cg brbmHo$
H$maU AmYw{ZH$ nw{>Ordm|Ho$ {b`o AZwgaUr` ^md Ama AZwH$aUr` ^OZar{V
H$m d$n Ama BZ g~H$m Amngr VmaV`.
^OZr` ^JdmZHo$ d$nHo$ ~mao_| gdm{YH$ _hdnyU V` `h h {H$ dh
{dY_ml` ""C^``nXoemd{hHw$S>bdV H$meml`dm VoOdmV''
(~.gy.3&2&27-28) `m`oZ gmH$ma=n[apN>Z nwfmom_$n VWm
{ZamH$ma=An[apN>Z Aja~_ Ym_$n C^`{dY h. BVZm hr Ho$db Zht
`wV Ogo dh gOmVr`-{dOmVr`-dJV^oXd{OV h dgo hr AnZr
EH$_odm{Vr`VmH$mo {Z^mVo hdo brbmW gOmVr`-{dOmVr`-dJV^oXm|H$mo H$Q>
^r H$a gH$Vm h. AVEd emm|_| EH$_odm{Vr` VdHo$ AZoH$dX^mdmnZ
hmoZHo $s H${_H$ Cn{m{H$`m Ogo {Z${nV h`r h Cgr Vah gH$m`-gH$maUdmX
Ama VmXm`dmX Ho$ g_ml`Umam {Og H$m`Ho$ Cg_|go H$maUm_H$V`m CnZ
hmoZoH$s ~mV H$hr OmVr h dh g^r Hw$N> Cg_| Cn{mgo nyd ^r A`V$noU
24

dhm {d_mZ ^r _mZm J`m h. `m| Cnn{m{H$`mHo$ AZwgma gd{dY Y_m]go Cgo
CnnZ _mZm J`m h. AVEd Cgo EH$ag Ama gdag `m| C^`{dY lw{V`m|_|
drH$mam J`m h. AVEd dh eJmaagm_m h ^r Ama Zht ^r h, AVEd {Og
{d{e> A{YH$marHo$ g_j dh AnZm Ogm d$n H$Q> H$aVm h dgm hr CgH$m
d$n dVwV Cg A{YH$marHo$ hoVw ~Z OmVm h. A`Ho$ {b`o A`{dY ^r
hmo gH$Vm h. AV CgH$m d$n gdagmVrV Ed gdagm_H$ hmoZoHo$ ~mdOyX
A{YH$m[a{deofHo$ hoVw brbmW EH$agm_H$ ^r hmo gH$Vm h. `hr H$maU h {H$
Xoe-H$mb_| H$Q> h`r CgH$s brbmH$m Xoe-H$mbmVrV `m{ndHw$R>W{Z`brbm_H$ $n ^r drH$mam hr J`m h. `m|{H$ CgH$s {Z{IbVd{OV
Am_a{V hr {`m-{`V_dmbr eJmaa{VHo$ V_| AnZo-AmnH$mo H$Q> H$aVr
h.
Eogo hr dO_| Jmonmb$noU brbmHo$ n[aH$a$n d` CgH$s {H$`mepV
Ed kmZepV H$m JmonrOZm|H$o $n_| _y{V_mZ hmoZm drH$mam J`m h. {H$`mepV$nm
Jmo{nH$mAm|H$mo F${f$nm Hw$_m[aH$m _mZm J`m h Ama kmZepV$nm Jmo{nH$mAm|H$mo
lw{V$nm A`{ddm{hVm _mZm J`m h. W_ H$maH$s Jmo{nH$m`| AnZo {`V_
JmonamOHw$_maHo$ gmW gmYZ-\$b^mdHo$ g~YH$m CXmhaU h. ^JdmZH$s
~{h^mdmnZ _y{V_Vr epV hr {deofZm_-$n-H$_m_Zm H$Q> H$m`m`Zr
Xodr h. CgH$s dV-AMZm$n gmYZmmam `o F${f$nm Jmo{nH$m`| nmZm Vmo
VZm_-$n-H$_m_m lrH$UH$mo hr MmhVr h XodrH$mo Zht. Xygao H$maH$s
Jmo{nH$m`| JmU^mdde A`m` JmonOZm|go {ddm{hV `m gJV hmoZona ^r AnZo
na_ Vmn`{df`r^yV _o` lrH$UHo$ gmW gJV hmoZm MmhVr h. `m|{H$ EH$
hr _o`^yV lrH$UVd AZoH${dY Zm_-$n-H$_m]H$o $n_| AZoH${dY JmonOZm|H$o
$n_| H$Q> hmoZogo H$Q>mW JmU VWm mH$QH$mar _ybVd na_Vmn`{df`r^yV
ahVm _mZm J`m h. AVEd Am_a{V hr eJmaa`m_Zm amgbrbm_| H$Q> h`r
h. Bg ~mao_| lr_X^mJdV_| Xmo _hdnyU ~mV| d` 1JmonrOZm|Ho$ dMZ VWm
2
ewH$XodOrHo$ dMZ $noU `m| {_bVr h :

25

""Amn h_mao hr Ho$db Zht naVw `oH$ XohYmarHo$ Be

o> ~Yw Ama Am_m g^r Hw$N> hmo. AVEd Hw$eb `pV Vmo
Amn_| hr AnZr a{V {Z^mVo h''(^mJ.nwam.10&26&32-33).
2
""Jmo{nOZm|Ho$ Ama CZHo$ n{V JmonOZm|Ho$ hr Zht A{nVw
m{U_mHo $ ^rVa na_m_$no U {~amO_mZ Vd hr
lrH$U$noU brbm H$Q> H$aZoH$mo ~mha H$Q> hdm h. dh Vmo
Ho$db AnZo AZwJhdfmH$mo ~agmZoH$mo hr _mZwfXoh YmaU H$a
H$Q> hdm h.''(^mJ.nwam.10&30&36-37).
1

`hm h_ XoI gH$Vo h {H$ d`H$s Zht `wV gH$b XohYm[a`m|Ho$

AVam_m ^JdmZHo$ hmoZoH$m ^mZ JmonrOZm|H$mo ^JdXm H$m_^md_| `dYmZ
Zht ~Z nm`m.
VVr`V`m AmYw{ZH$ nw{>Ordm|Ho$ {b`o Eogo dOm{YnHo$ {V AZwgaUr`
^md Ama AZwH$aUr` ^OZar{V _| ^pVagm_H$V`m ^JdmZHo$ ^mdZH$mo
YmZ _mZZm `m eJmaagm_H$V`m? BgH$m g_mYmZ ImoOZm hmo Vmo _hm^yn{X>
CnXoem_H$ JWm|Ho$ J^ra AdJmhZ {~Zm Hw$N> n> Zht hmo gH$Vm. VXZwgma
lr`_wZm>H$H$s \$blw{V_| _hm^w eJmamp_H$m a{V Z H$h H$a gm_m` a{V hr
{g hmoZoH$m daXmZ H$a aho h. ~mb~moY_| ^r ^JdmZHo$ {V eaUmJ{V Ama
g_nU H$s AWmV A`ml` Ama A`mgpV Ho$ `mJH$s ~mV H$a aho h.
{gmV_wVmdbr_| ~_dmXHo$ AmYmana lrH$U_| AnZr ~w{H$mo OmoS> H$a
_mhm`kmZ Ama AnZo VZ-_Z-YZHo$ {d{Z`moJ$n ^OZH$s ~mV H$a aho h.
nw{>dmh_`mXm^oX_| ^r ^JdmZ AnZo JwU Ama/d$n Ho$ ^oXde Ogo ^r
^yVbna H$Q> hm| dgo ^JdmZH$mo \$bV`m drH$maZoH$m CnXoe Xo aho h. AWmV
Ho$db eJmaagm_H$ ^JdmZH$mo Zht. {gmVah`-ZdaZ-AVH$aU{ddoH$Y`ml`-H$Uml`_| gH$b {MVmAm|Ho$ `mJnydH$ godH$^md aIVo hdo
AnZo Am_m_r` gddHo$ g_nUmam lrH$UgodmH$mo `m lrH$Un{mH$mo
{ddoH$ Y` VWm AZ`ml` Ho$ gmW {Z^mZoH$m CnXoe Xo aho h. MVwbmoH$s_|
gd^md-_Z{H$ eJmamp_H$m a{VHo$ ^mdgo-_go gdg_W ^wH$mo gdm_Zm
X`_| YmaU H$a CZHo$ _aU-^OZH$mo {Z^mZoH$m CnXoe {X`m J`m h.
26

^pVd{YZr_| ^pVagH$s A{^d{Ho$ Cnm`m|-_Z{H$ eJmamp_H$m a{VH$s

A{^d{Ho$ Cnm`m|-_H$m CnXoe h. Ob^oX-nMnm{Z_| ^pVagH$s A{^d{Ho$
Cnm`V`m Amd`H$ ^JdmZHo$ d$n-JwU-brbmAm|Ho$ ldU-H$sVZ {H$g
A{YH$marHo$ gmW {Z^mZm BgH$m CnXoe h. g`mg{ZU`_| ^r ^pVH$s H$gr
AdWm_| ^JdmZHo$ ^pVagr` {d`moJHo$ AZw^dmW-_Ho$db JmonrOZm|Ho$
Jh`mJH$mo hr Zht `wV H$mpS>` F${fHo$-_Jh`mJH$mo ^r AmXeV`m
AZwgaZoH$s ~mV h. Eogr ^pVHo$ {ZamoYmdWm_| n[anmH$Ho$ {b`o Ho$db
eJma^mddVr JmonrOZm|H$s ^mdZm hr Zht `wV lrZX`emoXm Am{X g^r
dOdm{g`m|Ho$ {d{dYagm_H$ ^mdm|H$s ^mdZm godm Ama/AWdm H$Wm _|
AZwgaUr` ~Vm`r J`r h. doUwJrV_| eJmaagm_H$ gd ~mm`Va H$_kmZop`m|Ho$ ^JdmZ_| {d{Z`moJ Ad` {XIm`m h naVw VwV {ZamoYbjU_|
^pVag_| ^r dh H$go e` ~Z gH$Vm `hr CnXo` h. AV_| godm\$b_| Bg
H$maH$s ^pVagmp_H$m godm_| H$Q> hmoVr \$bmZw^y{VHo$ VrZ ^oX VZwZdd
gm`w` Ama ZdVZwd Ho$ Xagm`o h. H$ht eJmaagH$s An[ahm`Vm {XIbm`r
Zht J`r h. EVmdVm {g hmoVm h {H$ o_-AmgpV-`gZXem-{ZamoYgdm_^mdHo$ Cmamoma A{^d hmoVo $nm|_| Ogo JmonrOZm|H$s eJmamp_H$m a{V
{dH${gV h`r, dgo hr lrZX`emoXmH$s dmg`^mdmp_H$m a{V ^r {dH${gV
h`r, dgo hr JmongImAm|H$s g`^mdmp_H$m a{V ^r {dH${gV h`r, A`
dOHo$ JhXmgXm{gAm|H$s Xm`^mdmp_H$m a{V ^r {dH${gV h`r. CZHo$ ^mdm|H$mo
h_mar ^pV^mdmp_H$m a{V_| gMm[a^mdV`m ^mdZ H$aZogo h_mar ^pV hr
g`moJ-{d`moJmp_H$m Ed H$Q>/JyT> ^mo`-^moV-gm{j^mdm|_| ^r {dH${gV
hmo nm`oJr. `hr _hm^wH$mo A{^oV bJVm h. AVEd brbm>m {ZamoYH$s
YmZVm hmoZona ^r d$n>m _wpV Ama Aml`d$n_| `mn{m H$m
AdrH$ma e` Zht. AV na_\$b `hm Ma_\$b Zht ah OmVm h Ama
Ma_\$bHo$ na_\$b hmoZoH$m ^md ^VX`_| T> Zht hmo nmVm. AVEd
^wMaU H$hVo h ""^JdmZH$s dm{_{ZAm|H$mo AWmV JmonrOZm|H$mo Vmo
^JdmZH$m ~m H$Q> ahZm hr A^r> bJVm h, `m|{H$ V^r Bh|
BdadmX CnnZ bJVm h A`Wm Vmo ey`dmXHo$ _m{UH$ hmoZoH$s ^mdZm
C^aZo bJVr h'' (gw~mo.{Q>n.10&26&7). AVEd ""^JdmZH$s brbm
~m Ama Am`Va C^`{dYm hmoVr h, {OZ_| AmVa brbm na_\$b$nm
hmoVr h'' (gw~mo.10&26&0H$m[a.5) H$hZodmbo _hm^w hr `h ^r {dYmZ

{ZgH$moM H$aVo h {H$ ""~mHo$ {~Zm Ho$db Am`Va ^JdXZw^y{V `W

hmoVr h'' (gw~mo.1&6&0H$m[a.2).
AVw H$V {df`Ho$ nwZ AZwgYmZmW BZ ^mdm|Ho$ {d`_| A{dH$VV`m
n[aUV hmoZodmbo Xoe-H$mb-d$nV An[apN>Z AZV `m AmZX $nr
~_H$m gm{j^md {dbwV Zht hmo OmVm. ~_Ho$ gm{j$n `m gm{j^md H$m
{VnmXZ Cn{ZfX Ama ^JdXJrVm Ho$ ""gmjr MoVm Ho$dbmo {ZJwU M''""J{V ^Vm ^w gmjr'' (doVm.Cn.6&11-^J.JrVm.9&18) dMZm|_|
^r CnbY hmoVm hr h. Bg gm{j^mdmn{`H$ d$nH$mo hr AV`m_r _mZm J`m
h. `h gm{j^md ^r VrZm| Am{Y^m{VH$ Am`mp_H$ Ed Am{YX{dH$ $nm|_|
e` `m| Zht hmo gH$Vm?
Bg {df`H$mo ^br^m{V ~w{JV H$a boZona A~ gwIoZ `h H$hm Om
gH$Vm h {H$ ^mo`-^moV-gm{j^mdm|H$s {V`r, gmW hr gmW BZHo$ BVaoVa{Z{hV
JyT> r^mdm| Ama H$Q> nw^mdm|, `m| JyT>-H$Q> gm{j^mdm| Ho$ fQ>H$ hmoVo h.
AV dh Ho$db eJmaagHo$ Abmdm A` g^d Zht Eogo $T>mJhH$m `mJ
^r H$V`mn{VV ~Z OmVm h.
(15)BZ g^r ^mdm|Ho$ ^rVa JyT>^md ^r ^ao ahVo h :
AWmV 1H$Q> ^moV^md `m nw^md 2H$Q> ^mo`^md `m r^md 3JyT>
^moV^md `m nw^md 4JyT> ^mo`^md `m r^md 5H$Q> gm{j^md VWm 6JyT>
gm{j^md `m| N>h ^md gabVmgo gmoMo Om gH$Vo h. AVEd `oH$ H$Q>
nw^mdHo$ ^rVa EH$ JyT> r^md Ama JyT> gm{j^md ahVm h. `oH$ H$Q>
r^mdHo$ ^rVa EH$ JyT> nw^md Ama JyT> gm{j^md ahVm h. Bgr Vah `oH$
H$Q> gm{j^mdHo$ ^rVa ^r EH$ JyT> nw^md Ama JyT> r^md ^r ahVm hr h.
^mdm|Ho$ `o ^oX gd hmoVo h. Bgr{b`o eJmaagg~Yr nw^md r^md Ama
gm{j^md Ho$ ^rVa ^r JyT> nw^md JyT> r^md Ama JyT> gm{j^md e` ~Z
nmVo h. `oH$ `dgm`mpH$m AZw^y{VHo$ ~mao| JyT> AZw`dgm`mpH$m
AZw^y{V `oH$ >mH$mo AnZr AZw^y{V`m|H$m gmjr ^r {g H$aVr h. `oH$
H$VmH$mo ^r Bgr Vah AnZo H$VmH$V `m A`WmH$V H$m AZw`dgm` hmoVm hr
h Omo H$VmHo$ ^rVa ^ao JyT> gm{j^mdH$s Jdmhr XoVm h. Bgr Vah `oH$ gwIXwI-Cnojm^mdm|Ho$ ^moVm `m a`m{X Wm{`^mdm|Ho$ ag^moVm Ho$ ^rVa ^r

27

28

WmoS>ogo `mgHo$ mam JyT> gmjr ~mobVm gwZm`r XoVm h. AVEd dh d`H$s Eogr
^moJ{Z`{V `m Eogr ^moJa{V Ho$ H$maU OmZ nmVm h.
(16)~ namm Ama ^JdmZ hmoZoHo$ $nm|| ^r H$Q>^md Ama
JyT>^md :
AV Amn{Zf{XH$ na~Ho$ d$nbjU$n "gpMXmZXd'|,
H$m`bjU$n "OJXwn{mpW{Vb`m{^Z{Z{mmonmXmZd' |, AV`mrHo$
bjU$n Cn>d AZwVd ^Vd ^moVd hodad namd| ^r gwIoZ
BVaoVa{Z{hV H$Q>/JyT> r^md/nw^mdH$mo naI nmZm H${R>Z Zht. Bgr Vah
lrX^mJdVHo$ ^r gJ-{dgJ-WmZ-nmofU-D${V-dVa-BemZwH$Wm{ZamoY-wpV-Aml`$n Xe{dY brbmAm|| ^r H$Q>/JyT> nw^mdm|/r^mdm|
H$mo naIm Om gH$Vm h.
(17)gpMXmZX ~Ho$ H$Q> Ama JyT> nw^md=^moV^md,
r^md=^mo`^md VWm gm{j^md :
gdmV`m ~Ho$ gpMXmZXHo$ gXeH$m {dMma H$aZona lw{V`m|| Eogm
n> CboI nmVo h {H$ ""AgV| gV {V{>V h, gV| ^yV {V{>V h, ^yV
^mdr| Am{hV h ; Am a ^mdr ^y V | {V{>V hmo V m h ' '
(AWdg{h.17&1&19). AV {g hmoVm h {H$ H$Q> gVHo$ ^rVa EH$ JyT>
AgV AV{Z{hV ahVm h. Bgr Vah H$Q> AgV, AWmV ^yV Ama ^` |,
| EH$ JyT> gV AV{Z{hV ahVm h. BZgo ~ AZ{^k Zht ahVm `m|{H$
^mJdV| AmVm h {H$ ""Am{YX{dH$ AmZXme$n gm{j^yV AV`mr
Am a Am`mpH$ {MX e $n ^mo V ^ mdmnZ Ordmm Ho $ ~rM
Am{Y^m{VH$ gXe$n ^mo`^mdmnZ `h Xoh {d^mOH$ Cnm{Y ~Z H$a
H$Q> hmoVm h. BZ| wpVdemV ^moVmHo$ Z ah OmZona; AWdm b`demV
^mo`Ho$ Z ah OmZona, {H$H$s AZw^y{V Z Vmo ^moVm Ama Z gmjr |
g^d ah OmVr h. V~^r BZ VrZm|Ho$ ybgm{j$n na~ namm
^JdmZ H $mo {H$H$s CnbpY A{dH$b ~Zr ahVr h . Eo g o Cgo
"dml`ml`mm' H$hm OmVm h'' (>. : ^mJ.nwam.2&10&8-9).
29

Bgr Vah gpMXmZXJV {MXeHo$ {dMmago ^r lw{V h| `h XagmVr h

""CgZo Mmhm {H$ " EH$ AZoH$ ~Z OmD$'... CgZo `h g~ Hw$N> aMm...
BgH$s aMZm H$a dh d` Bg| AZw{d> hmo J`m. AZw{d> hmo H$a...
{dkmZ Ama A{dkmZ ^r... dhr ~Z J`m.'' (V{m.Cn.2&6) AWmV ~Ho$
H$Q> {MXe| hr {H$gr VahHo$ JyT> A{dkmZ {N>nm hdm ahVm h. Ama Eogo H$Q>
A{dkmZ| ~H$m JyT> {dkmZ ^r AV{Z{hV ahVm h. AVEd hm^w H$hVo
h ""{dm Ama A{dm XmoZm| hr lrh[aH$s epV`m h'' (V.Xr.{Z.1&31).
`hr ~mV ""Cg Eogr Bg Amm|go AmH$me ~Zm... Cg|go dm`w... Cg|go
ApZ... Cg|go Ob... Cg|go n{Wdr... Cg| Amof{Y`m... CZgo
AZ... Ama AZgo nwf ~Zo'' (V{m.Cn.2&1) `m| namm| AV{Z{hV
AmH$mem{X nwfmV hm^yVm|H$s OS>g{> hr Zht `wV BZ Amg> AZ`
nwfm{XHo$ ^rVa `wH$oU mU` Zmo` {dkmZ` Ama AV| AmZX`
~H$s ^r Cmamoma| AV{ZJyT> pW{V lw{V| d{UV h (>. : V{m.Cn.2&25). AVEd hm^w H$hVo h ""AIS>$n| {ZhmaZona `hm g^r Hw$N>
lrH$UmH$ hr h. `m|{H$ dh ^w d` hr AnZo-AmnH$mo g>m Ama
g` ~ZmVm h. dhr {ddmm hmoZogo AnZo-AmnH$mo mVm Ama o` ~ZmVm
h. dhr naoda hmoZogo AnZo-AmnH$mo ghVm Ama ghm` ~ZmVm h''
(V.Xr.{Z.2&183).
AVEd `oH$ H$Q> g` dVw| JyT> g>m ^w AV{Z{hV hmoVm h. ^w|
`{X JyT> ^m` `m g` AV{Z{hV Z hmoVm Vmo lw{V Eogm `m| H$hVr {H$
""Ogo H$S>r AnZo ^rVago Ombm {ZH$mb H$a ~mha Cgo ~wZVr h, Eogo hr
Bgr AmmHo$ ^rVago gmao mU bmoH$ Xod Ama ^yV `wM[aV hmoVo h''
(~h.Cn.2&1&20)? AV {g hmo OmVm h {H$ Cgr AmH$Q> ~Ho$ ^rVa
AV{ZJyT> `oH$ g` nXmW ^r ahVo hr h. AVEd `oH$ H$Q> ^mo`dVwHo$
^rVa ^r dh JyT> ^moV^mdoZ Ama gm{j^mdoZ AV`mr ~Z H$a {~amOmZ
ahVm hr h ""g^r ^yVm|Ho$ ^rVa ahVm hdm g^rH$mo AnZo earaH$s Vah
YmaU H$aVm h'' (~h.Cn.3&7&15). Bgr Vah Cg gdmVm {ddmmHo$
^rVa gd{dY o`$n {ddmH$ eara JyT>V`m ahVo h. Ama CZ| nwZ JyT>V`m
{ddmm ^r {Z{hV ahVm h. `hr ~mV ghm` Ama ghVm Ho$ ~rM ^r nana
30

H$Q>$n Ama JyT>$nm| H$s gabV`m gPr Om gH$Vr h. H$Q> ghm`Ho$ XwImoh-emoH$| JyT> ghVmH$m AmZX ^am ahVm h. Bgr Vah `oH$ H$Q> ghVmHo$
^rVa JyT> emoH$mohOZH$ ghm`Ho$ {dmZ hmoZoH$s AmZXmpH$m brbmH$mo
{dmZ mZm J`m h.

Am{X| H$Q> Ama H$nHo$ AV| AmbrZ H$aVm ahVm h na AZmgV

Ama CXmgrZ H$s Vah gm{j^mdgo hr Bg g{>-b`H$mo {ZhmaVm hmoZogo
`o H$ oao{b`o ~YZH$mar Zht hmo nmVo'' (^J.JrVm.9&4-9). Eogm {ZJyT>
gm{j^md {Vnm{XV hdm h.

d$nbjUHo$ ~mX ~H$mo H$m`bjUH$s {>go XoIZona `h {H$ dhm

^r nhMmZm Om gH$Vm h. `m|{H$ Cn{ZfXm|Ho$ AZwgma g{>-pW{V-g{VH$s
brbm ~Ho$ ^rVa EH$ F$OwaoImH$s Vah EoH$mpVH$ AmV^md {b`o Zht
hmoVr. dh Vmo {ZaVa MH$dV dVwbmH${Vdmbr hmoVr h. AV `oH$ Cn{m|
pW{V-g{V, `oH$ pW{V| Cn{m-g{V Ama `oH$ g{VHo$ ^rVa
Cn{m-pW{V JyT>^mdoZ {Z{hV ahVr hr h. Ama `h {H$`m {H$gr AMoVZ
nXmWHo$ ^rVa MbVr Zht mZr J`r h. AmMoVZm| hr MbVr mZr OmVr
hmoZoHo$ H$maU BZHo$ ^rVa gmjr ^r AV{ZJyT> ahVm hr h.
(18)gH$b g> OrdmmAm|Ho$ ^rVa eara| {dmZ AV`mr :
Bg AV`mrHo$ ^r Eogo C^`{dY $n {Z${nV hdo h : Ogo >m $nr
OrdmmHo$ ^rVa Cn>m $nr AVamm Ama Cg Cn>m $nr AVammHo$
^rVa >m $nr Ordmm nana CnXeZHo$ g~Y| AV{Z{hV ahVo h. dgo
hr VmHo$ ^rVa AZwVm Ama CgHo$ ^rVa Vm {Z{hV ahVo h. AVEd ""Omo
naodaH$m ^aU AnZo ^rVa H$aVm hmo CgH$m ^aU naoda AnZo ^rVa
H$aVm h'' (V{m.Ama.3&14&1) Ogo lw{VdMZm|| Cg JyT> ^m`^yV ^JdmZH$mo
H$Q> ^Vm $nr OrdmmHo$ ^rVa Ama JyT> ^V^yV ^JdmZHo$ ^rVa H$Q> ^m`
OrdmmH$mo mZm J`m h. Bgo A` ^r g^r $nm|H$m CnbjU mZ H$a
{ZhmaZoH$s gyP-~yP aIZoHo$ `Z H$aZona ~mV A{YH$ n> hmo gH$Vr h.
^mo`Ho$ ^rVa ^moVm Ama ^moVmHo$ ^rVa ^mo` H$m {Z$nU Vmo hZo XoI hr
{b`m. B{eV`Ho$ ^rVa Bda Ama Bg BdaHo$ ^rVa B{eV` ^r ahVm hr h.
Bgo ^JdmZH$o ^VmYrZ hmoZo Ama ^V^mdmZwamoYr d$nYmaU H$aZoH$o {Z$nUm|H$o
AmYmana gPm Om gH$Vm h. dgo ^JdmZHo$ {damQ> d$n| `o g^r Hw$N>
CgHo$ ^rVa ^r ^am mZm J`m h. AVEd ^JdXJrVm| ""gmao `V ^yV wP
A`VHo$ ^rVa AdpWV h {H$grHo$ ^rVa Zht... Bh| H$nHo$

(19)^mJdV{Vnm{XV Xe{dY brbmAm|| ^r Eogo JyT> Ama H$Q>

^md :
~|go OS>OJVH$s Cn{m-pW{V-g{V Ama Eogo Cg OJV| ~Y
OmZodmbo OrdH$s wpV Cg ~Ho$ H$m`V`m VWm ldU-ZZ-{Z{X`mgZ$n
mojX gmYZmHo$ $n| ^r Cn{X> h`r h. lrX^mdVnwamU, naVw, Cn{mH$mo
gJ-{dgJbrbmHo$ $n|, pW{VH$mo WmZ-nmofU-D${V-dVa-BemZwH$Wm
Ama {ZamoY brbmAm|Ho$ $nm||, wpV-g{VH$mo wpV-Aml`^mdmn{mH$s
brbmAm| H o $ $n| drH$maVm h . `h ^Vm| H o $ {b`o ^JbrbmldU
^JdbrbmH$sVZ Ama ^JdbrbmaU H$amZoH$o ^pV$n `moOZde {Vnm{XV
hdm h. hm^w H$hVo h ""Bg ^mJdV$n emH$m gmH$`oZ {Vnm
{df` AmZX$n ^JdmZH$s namZXmpH$m brbm h. AVEd Bgo ^pV
H$Q> H$aZodmbr g{hVm OmZZr Mm{h`o. g{> Am{XH$mo ^JdmZH$s brbmHo$
$n| OmZZona hr ^pV H$Q> hmo nmVr h, Ogo ~Ho$ H$m`V`m g{>H$mo
OmZZona kmZ H$Q> hmoVm h'' (gw~mo.1&1&4) hm^w gwn> eXm|| `h
{VnmXZ ^r H$aVo h {H$ ""lrH$U namZX$n h, Xe{dY brbmAm||
gXm {dhma H$aVo ahVo h. Ama g^r ^Vm|Ho$ gwmamW do {dw$[aV hmoVo
h'' (V.Xr.{Z.3&1&1). `h ^JdbrbmdUZ ^mJdV| Xmo Vahgo {H$`m J`m
h : 1.lrH$UHo$ na~ hmoZoHo$ nhbw| Omo g>m{X brbm H$Q> hmoVr h,
2.g{>| H$Q> hmoZodmbr AdVmar lrH$UH$s AdVmabrbmAm|Ho$ $n|. W
H$ma ^Jd`wV Ed ^Jdgmnoj g{>brbmH$m h. {Vr` H$ma g{>brbm`wV
Ed g{>brbmgmnoj ^JdmZHo$ JwU Y $n Ed M[a H$m h. `m|{H$ YWmnZ
AY{ZamH$aU gmYwmU Ama AgmYw{dZmeZ `m ^VZmoaWnyaU g^r VahHo$
^JdmXw^mdm|| Ordmm mWZmH$Vm `m AmemdmZ H$Vm hmoZHo $o $n| `moOH$H$Vm
~ZVm h. namm `mo`H$Vm ~ZVo h. AVEd gJm{XbrbmAm|| ^JdmZ|go
g{>H$m mXw^md Ama Eogr g{>| H$Q>o nXmW `m nwfm| |go ^JdmXw^md ^r

31

32

{Z${nV hdo h. Bg JyT>^mdH$s gP hr ^pV^mdH$s OZH$ ~ZVr h. Bgr Vah

pW{VbrbmHo$ MamoH$f$n {ZamoYHo$ ^r XmoZm| hr H$ma : ^JdmZH$m OrdmmAm|H$o
~rM H$Q> hmoZm gmYZ$n {ZamoY mZm J`m. OrdmmAm|H$m nMH$mo ^yb H$a
^JdmZ| V` hmoZm $b$n {ZamoY mZm J`m. Bgr Vah wpV-Aml`brbmAm|H$o
AVJV ^r XmoZm| Vahgo ^JdwpV ^r Ama OrdwpV ^r mZr J`r h. Bgr
Vah Aml`^mdmn{m| ^r OrdH$s ^JdX^mdmn{m Ama H$Q> gpMXmZXmH$
^Jdd$n| Mb ahr {Z`brbm| ^JdmZH$s {X` Ord^mdmn{m ^r d{UV
h`r h. `m| OrdmmAm|Ho$ ^rVa JyT> nw^md Ama nammHo$ ^rVa JyT>r^md
drH$mao J`o h.

mZZoHo$ ~mX ^wMaU H$hVo h {H$ "{dahmZw^dH$mWgd`mJmonXoeH$'

(gdm}.Vmo.18) Cgna `mZ Zht XoVo. BZ Zmm|Ho$ AmYmana {Z${nV hmoVr
hm^wH$s C^`{dYVmH$mo drH$maZogo H$VamZm C{MV Zht.
`m|{H$ gnyU lrX^mJdVHo$ n[a`mJnydH$ amgbrbmH$aUH$m EoH$mpVH$
n[aJh AWdm amgbrbmH$aUHo$ n[a`mJnydH$ gnyU ^mJdVHo$ ldUH$sVZ-aUH$m Am`pVH$ XwamJh `m| XmoZm| hr hm^wHo$ V Ama {M go
{dnarV OmVr H$Wm h.

gdm}mVmo| ""lr^mJdVnr`yfgwWZj-Vgma^yVamgr^mdny[aV{dJh'' (gdm}.Vmo.16) Zmm|| ^mJdVH$mo nr`yfgw mZ H$a,

amg| ^JdmZH$s eJmampH$m agmZw^y{V H$aZodmbr Jmo{nH$mAm|Ho$ ^mdH$mo
CgH$m gma mZm J`m h. Eogr eXmdbrHo$ `moJHo$ H$maU h ~hH$ OmVo h
naVw Xygar Omo ~mV hm^wHo$ ~mao| Ch| "amgbrbH$Vmn`' (gdm}.Vmo.17)

`h Vmo R>rH$ hr h {H$ A{^{hVmWH$s VwbZm| Vmn`{df`r^yV AW YmZ

hmoVm h naVw Cg Vmn`{df`r^yV AWH$m gmX` ^r H$Q> hmoVm h, A{^Ymd{mmam
B{JV hmoZona hr AWmV eXH$s A{VwIa A{^Ymd{mgo H$Q> hmoZona Zht
`m|{H$ Vmn`{df`r^yV AWH$m A{^Ymd{mmam {Z$nU {H$`o OmZona {Z$`mU
AW AnZm gmam gmX` Imo XoVm h AVEd Vmn`{df`r^yV AW ^r H$Q>
hmoVm h A{^{hVmWHo$ H$Q> hmoZoHo$ ~mX CgHo$ m`mam hr Ogo Vmn` `m
`OZm go a{hV A{^Ymd{m agmpH$m MH${V H$Q> Zht H$a nmVr, dgo
hr Cg Vmn`{df`r^yV `L>`mWH$m A{^Ymgo {Z$nU ^r Ho$db agm^mg hr
H$Q> H$aVm h, agmH$ MH$ma Zht.
AV Cg EH$od A{Vr` na VdH$m AZoH$dX^mdmnZ hmoZm Ogo
g{>brbm h dgo hr AmZm {d^V AZoH$m|Ho$ ~rM AV`m{V`m AZw{d>
Cg JyT> EH$odm{Vr`H$m nwZ dma{gH$ EH$dH$mo {Z^mVo hdo AZoH$$nm||
H$Q> hmo OmZm hr amgbrbmH$m wI Vmn`{df`r^yV Wm{`^md h. dh
XeH$YH$s nMm`m`r| eJmampH$m brbmHo$ A{^YmZmam {Z${nV hdm.
CgH$m ^r naVmn` Vmo Cn{ZfX| H$Q>$noU A{^{hV EH$odm{Vr` VdHo$
Zm-$n-H$m]Ho$ AZV^oXm|| H$Q> hmo OmZona CZ| {ZJyT> EH$dH$s agmZw^y{V
hr h. AVEd AZoH$ nammmam {ZOmZXHo$ Cn^moJmW AZoH$ $nm|H$mo YmaU
H$a gnZ H$s J`r amgbrbm| ^moV^mdmnZ lrH$UHo$ d$nHo$ ~Om` CZ
AZoH$ $nm|Ho$ gj AnZo {ZJyT> ^mo`^mdH$mo H$Q> H$aZodmbo lrH$UH$mo
hm^wZo Yu$n mZm h. AVEd Vrgd| A`m`H$mo Y{brbm{VnmXH$ mZm
h, O~{H$ ~mrgd| A`m`| {Vnm{XV brbmH$mo ""AmVaVw na $b''

33

34

hm^wZo `h ^r n>rH$aU {X`m h {H$ ""doXmVmon{ZfXm|| {Og

lrH$UHo$ ~ hmoZoHo$ nhbwH$s YmZVm h, JrVm| CgHo$ namm hmoZoH$s
YmZVm h Ama ^mJdV| CgrHo$ ^JdmZ hmoZoHo$ nhbwH$s YmZVm h.
VXZwgma ^r BZ-BZ emm|| {g BZ VrZ nhbwAm|H$m {VnmXZ AnZo
JW| ^r H$$Jm'' (V.Xr.{Z.1&6).
(20)VwV {deH$m ${bVmW :
Eogo lrH$UHo$ wIma{dXHo$ AdVma$noU hm^wH$mo drH$mam J`m h.
AV lrH$UHo$ BZ {{dY d$n Ama Xe{dY brbmAm| H$mo ^wbmZm C{MV
Zht. `m| brbm{deof| H$Q> hmoVo lrH$UHo$ 1JyT>r^md, brbmn[aH$am|Ho$
^rVa H$Q> hmoVo {deof 2JyT>nw^md; Ama, lrH$UHo$ {deof H$Q>nw^md Ed
brbmn[aH$am|Ho$ {deof H$Q>r^mdm| Ho$ {deof 3gm{j^md ^mdm|| hm^wH$mo
n[agr{V `m| mZZm Mm{h`o? `m| Z BgHo$ ~Om` gmH$`oZ hr drH$ma
boZm?

(gw~mo.10&26&0H$m.5) Ho$ $n| {~aXmZoHo$ ~mdOyX Cgo Ho$db kmZ$n JwUY

mZm h. AVEd ""{OVZr Jmo{nH$m`| Wr CVZo AnZo $n YmaU H$a Ammam
^JdmZZo CZHo$ gmW aUH$s brbm H$s'' (^mJ.nwam.10&30&20) `m|
JyT>r^md AWmV ^mo`^md H$Q> H$aZodmbo lrH$UH$mo hr hm^w Y{$n
nyUmZX mZVo h.

""^OZmW ^JdmZH$m Cn`moJ Mma Vahgo e` h :

"" ^JdmZ hmar H$mZm nyU H$aZodmbo h Bg H$maU Ch| AnZm
^mo` mZZm, 2hmar H$mZmAm|H$s ny{VHo$ AZw~Y| ^JdmZH$mo
~mYo {~Zm AWmV dV aIVo hdo Ch| ^mo` mZZm, 3^JdmZZo
Omo Hw$N> hmao{b`o gwb^ ~Zm`m hmo, Cgo ^pV^mdHo$ gmW
^JdmZH$mo g{nV H$a CgHo$ ^moVm ^JdmZH$mo mZZm, 4Ogo
h {df`m|H$m ^moJ H$aVo h, dgo hr ^JdmZ ^r hmam ^moJ `m
hmao {df`m|H$m ^moJ H$aZodmbo hmao Ogo jw ^moVm h.
1
W H$ma Vmo gdWm ^OZHo$ dma{gH$ ^md `m d^md
H$m hr {dZmeH$ hmoVm h. `m|{H$ ^JdmZH$m d$n {H$VZm ^r
{X` `m| Z Xagm`m Om`o na {df`V`m drH$maZona Ch| H$mb|
n[apN>Z An hr mZZm nS>oJm ^ym Zht. 2^Jd{XVa
dVw{df`H$ hmar H$mZmAm|H$mo ^JdmZ nyU H$a| `m Z H$a| na
h| Vmo ^JdmZH$m ^OZ Ho$db ^pVagHo$ AZw^dmW hr H$aZm
hmo, VXW ^JdmZH$mo ^mo` mZZm nS>Vm hmo Vmo H$moB Xmof Zht.
3
Bgr Vah Eogr ^pVHo$ de {ZO Ammr`H$mo ^JdmZH$mo
g{nV H$aVo h CZHo$ ^moVm ^JdmZH$mo mZZo| ^r H$moB Xmof
Zht. 4naVw ^pV^mdHo$ ^moVm mZZoHo$ WmZna ^JdmZH$mo
d` hmar Vah {df`m|H$m ^moVm mZZm ^JdmZH$o AmaUHo$
d^mdHo$ ~mao| {ZVmV An[aM`H$mo COmJa H$aZm hmoVm h.
1

`hm eH$m CR> gH$Vr h {H$ Vmo `wJbJrV| {Vnm{XV hmoVr ^JdbrbmH$s
AmVa AZw^y{VH$mo "na$b' `m| mZm? Bg gJ| `h AdYo` h {H$
Vmg$bH$aUHo$ Vrgd| A`m`| Y{{Vnm{XH$m brbm| ^JdmZH$s
~mh`^mo`Vm Ogo {Z${nV h`r h. Eogo hr ~mrgd| A`m`| Am`Va
^mo`VmH$m {Z$nU hmoZogo dhm na$bVm mZr OmVr h. dgo `h ~mV `htna
W Zht OmVr h. `m|{H$ `h Vmo ^JdmZH$s H$nmH$m dUZ h. Bgo o`~b `m
$b~b mZm J`m h Ama CgHo$ H$maU gnZ h`r brbm h. `wH$oU
^JdmZZo Cht Jmo{nH$mAm|H$mo mU `m gmYZ Ho$ ~bgo AZw^yV hmoZodmbr
brbmAm|H$m ^r AZw^d A{J amOgo`H$aU| H$am`m h. AVEd gmYZ$n
{dahmZw^dmW gd$bmZw^mdH$ gm{J`m|Ho$ `mJH$m ^JdXm CnXoe ^r
hm^wZo gPm`m h ""AnZr H$nm XagmZoH$mo AnZr nyUVmH$mo {Z^mVo
hdo mV hmo J`m naVw {$a^r gmYZm|H$s nyUVmHo$ {~Zm wPo nm boZm oar
AnyU AZw^y{V hr hmoZogo gmYZm|H$s nyUVm {dahmZw^y{V| drH$maZr
Mm{h`o'' (gw~mo.10&44&37). Ohm mU Ama o` AWdm gmYZ Ama $b
{^Z hmoVo hm| Ch| hm^w `mXmH$s ^Jdbrbm mZVo h. Ohm, naVw, `o XmoZm|
BVaoVamH$ hm| dh ^JdmZH$s nw{>brbm mZr OmVr h. Eogr pW{V| mU/
o` AWdm gmYZ/$b H$s MVw>`r|go {H$gr EH$H$m XwamJh ^JdmZH$s
BVaoVamH$VmH$m AdrH$ma hmoZogo Ch| nw{>$ngo `wV H$a XoVm h. hm^w
Ho$db amgbrbH$Vmn`de amgbrbmH$s H$Wm XmZ H$aZodmbo hr Zht h
A{nVw {dahmZw^dH$mW gd`mJmonXoeH$ ^r h. AVEd Bg ~mao| gmao {dgdmX
Ama gXoh Ho$ {ZdmaUmW Omo dMZ d` ^JdmZZo Jmo{nH$mAm|Ho$ Zm|Ho$
gmYmZmW H$ho CZH$s gw~mo{YZrHo$ ^mdmZwdmXH$m AdbmoH$Z AVrd CnH$maH$
hmoJm :

AV Eogo Ad{OV ^mdm|H$o AZwgma ^JdmZH$mo ^mo` `m ^moVm mZZodmbm|H$mo

AnZo X`| {Z$T> ^mdHo$ AZwamoYde hr H$^r, ^JdmZH$mo gdag^mdm|go ^mo`
AWdm gdag^mdm|H$m ^moVm mZZona, ^VH$mo AnZo ^pV^mdH$s agmdOZm|
`dYmZ AZw^yV hmoVm h. AV Eogm ^V Vmo AnZo ^mdHo$ AZwgma {H$gr
EH$Var{VH$s {V`mH$VmH$m ^mdZ Ad` H$a gH$Vm h. Cg| H$moB
{d{Vn{m `m Amn{mOZH$ ~mV Zht. EVmdVm `hm {Vnm{XV gdagmH$
d$nHo$ AVJV PbH$Vo BZ JyT>nw^md JyT>r^md Ama gm{j^md H$m
`m`mZ H$W{n e` Zht.

35

36

`m| nw{>mJu` Jm`rHo$ ~rO$n ~dmXm{lV nw{>^pVmJu` H$mamon

"gmX`'nH$s rmgm hmoZr Mm{h`o. Bgo A{J `m{V$n gdm}mVmo
lrdb^m>H$ Ama w$aH$UomV Ho$ hr Zht A{nVw gH$b hm^yn{X>
JW$n Jm`rHo$ ~rO$noU gP aIZm Amd`H$ h.
(21)gdm}m, lrdb^m>H$ Ama w$aH$UomV Vmom|Ho$ wI
{Vnm {df` :
BZ VrZm| Vmo m| | , O g m {H$ h Xo I Mw H o $ , H $ e hm^w
lrdb^mMm`MaUHo$ EH$ gm AmR> Zm, A>{dY $n VWm fS>{dY JwUY
Ama EH$ Yu {bm H$a gV{dY Vw{V CZHo$ {Vr`mO Jmodmr lr{d>bZmW
^wMaU mam H$Q> H$s J`r h.
BZ g^r Vmom|| wI {Vnm {df` Vmo mMrZ Cn{ZfXm{X emm||
Cn{X> AmXe hr h. Ogm {H$ dhm CnbY hmoVm h :

AV Bg mMrZ AmXeHo$ AZwgma Jmodmr lr{d>bZmW ^wMaU ^r

AnZo OZH$ AmMm` hm^wHo$ gmjmV lrH$U hmoZoH$m {VnmXZ BZ VrZm|
Vmom|| H$aVo h. Bgo {H$gr EH$ $n| n[agr{V aIZoHo$ ~Om` hm^wH$s
^JdnVmH$m {VnmXZ AZoH$Ym BZ Vmom|| {H$`m J`m h. `h ~mV ^r nwZ
gP| V^r Am gH$Vr h O~ "gmX`...'n| {Vnm{XV JyT >nw ^md JyT >r^md
Ama gm{j^md H$m ah` ^br^m{V ~w{JV hr Zht A{nVw XJV ^r hmo J`m
hmo.
VXZwgma `oH$ Amam` ^JdnHo$ ^rVa CgH$s AmamYZmHo$ CnXoeH$
AmMm`H$m JyT>$n {Z{hV ahVm h Ama Bgr Vah `oH$ AmMm`Ho$ ^rVa dh
{Og H$maH$s ^JdXmamYZmH$m CnXoe XmZ H$aVm hmoVm h VXZw$n Amam`XodH$m
JyT>$n {Z{hV hmoVm h. Mmho {$a dh OaWyQ> ~w hmdra mOog Bgm `m
hX n`J~a hm| `m {$a lreH$a lrA{^Zd JwV lrammZwO lrd Am{X
doXmVmMm` hm| AWdm lrH$~ra lrZmZH$ lrVwbgrXmg lrkmZoda lrVwH$mam
lrgW amXmg Ogo gV CnXoeH$ hm|.

1.""Omo nwf AmMm`dmZ hmoVm h dhr Bgo OmZ nmVm

h''(N>mXmo.Cn.6&14&3).
2.""do Xod ~mobo hZo Xod{dm Ama Am{dm H$m CnXoe
Vmo {X`m naVw J{V Vmo AmMm` hr gPm gH$Vm h ' '
(N>mXmo.Cn.4&14&1).
3.""AmMm`Ho$ ~mao| CgHo$ Xod hmoZoH$m ^md aIZm
Mm{h`o'' (V{m.Cn.1&11).
4.""{Ogo Xod| nam ^pV hmoVr Ama Ogr Xod| hmo dgr
hr Jw | ^r hmo V~ BZ ~mVm| H $mo H$mo B gP nmVm
h''(doVm.4&23).
5.""AmMm`H$mo gmjmV ~H$s y{V gPZm Mm{h`o''
(^mJ.nwam.6&7&29).
6.""AmMm`Ho$ M`dnwmam namm AnZr J{V B{JV
H$aVm h'' (^mJ.nwam.11&39&6).

gdm}mVmo : | h XoI gH$Vo h {H$ `hm ~hV gmao Zmm|Ho$ `wm|| Bg

VahH$m BVaoVamV{Z{hV BVaoVaHo$ H$Q>^md Ama JyT>^md H$s {H$`m C^a H$a
pQ>JV hmoVr h : `Wm gdW Zm`w "AmZX-namZX' H$s hr rmgm
H$a| Vmo BZH$m d$nmZX-brbmZXHo$ ^oXHo$ AZwgma Vmn`mdJmhZ H$a| `m
Aja~ mZX-nw fmo mmZXHo $ ^o X , AWdm bmo H $do X {WVbmoH$doXmVrVnwfmomHo$ ^oX, AWdm g{>brbm-AdVmabrbmHo$ ^oX, AWdm
^Jdmhm`kmZ-^JdX{df`H$gwT>ZohHo$ ^oX, AWdm d$nmZX^OZmZXHo$ ^oX, AWdm ^Jdn{m-^JdX^pVHo$ ^oX, AWdm ^Jdgodm^JdH$sVZHo$ ^oX, AWdm ^JdmZH$s g`moJmZw^y{V-{d`moJmZw^y{VHo$ ^oX,
^JdX^pV-^JdpZamoYHo$ ^oX, Eo{hH$VZwZdd-nmabm{H$H$ZdVZwdHo$ ^oX
Ogo {OVZo ^r ^oX {dMmao Om`| CZ| `pH$pMV AV{> hmo BVaoVaHo$
H$Q>^mdm|Ho$ ^rVa BVaoVaHo$ JyT>^mdm|H$mo gwIoZ ImoOm Om gH$Vm h. EVmdVm
dmJ| ^mdwH$m|Ho$ ~rM {ZO-{ZO ^mdm|H$s gag V`VmHo$ H$maU {db{gV

37

38

hmoVr {dg{V AWdm {dMmaH$m|Ho$ ~rM {ZO-{ZO $T> YmaUmAm|Ho$ Zrag

XwamJhHo$ H$maU CN>{bV hmoVo {ddmX XmoZm|Ho$ ~rM EH$dm`Vm ImoOr Om
gH$Vr h.
`h {H$`m Ho$db Am Zmm|Ho$ `wH$m hr ah` h, Eogo Zht mZ boZm
Mm{h`o `m|{H$ gdm}mVmomVJV A` ^r AZoH$ Zmm|Ho$ `wm|Ho$ ~mao|
BVaoVa| {ZJyT>V`m {dmZ ahZoH$s Bg {H$`mH$m {ZXeZ h| {b gH$Vm h.
CXmhaUmW :
lr^mJdVJyT>mWH$meZ-gmH$ma~dmXWmnZ
doXnmaJVVm-m`mdmX{ZamH$aU
Xdmoma`Z-Am{VZmeH${V
~dmXWmnZ-m`mdmX{ZamH$aU
AmMm`mJrH${VybH$Jmonredb^rH$aU-g`mXmJrH${V
hmoXmaM[a-mH$VmZwH${V`mOmgwamohZ
ddmZa-db^
gnVm-g{VH${V
^V{S>amofnmVgbd-^Vgo`Vm
gwIgo`Vm-Xwamam`Vm
nyUmZXVm-nyUH$mVm
ddemeofmhm`WmnZ-`{ZdmaU
^pVmJ} gddbj`mZw^y{VH$V-nWeaUmJm}nXo>m
gdmZmgpV-^VmmgpV
`k^moVVm-`kH$VVm

{X`o J`o ~h{dY Vmn`{ddoMZ| ybH$maHo$ Vmn`Ho$ AZdJmh` hmoZoH$s

Hw$R>mgo Ad` ~mha {ZH$bm Om gH$Vm h.
Xmof{> aI H$a ^JdXdmUr `m AmMm`dmUr | EH$ {H$gr dMZH$s
VwbZm| Xygao dMZH$m H$moB CH$f gmoMZm `m {XIbmZm {ZM` AnamY hmoVm
h. {H$gr dMZ|, {H$Vw, H$Q> hmoZodmbo {deof JwUHo$ {deof AmgpVHo$
^mdH$s agmZw^y{V| {deof MH${V drH$maZm `{X Xmofmdh Z hmo Vmo H$hZm
MmhJm {H$ Z Ho$db lrV^wMaUH$s A`m` H${VAm|H$s VwbZm| A{nVw
gH$b nw{>mJu` Vmom|| gdm}m Vmo dVwV gdm}mVmo h `m|{H$ {Og
Vah Bg Vmo| hm^wHo$ Y-XeZg~Yr ah`m|H$mo Jwp$V {H$`m J`m h
dh dVwV AVrd {dbjU h. Bgo gdm}mVmoHo$ Vmn`{ZYmaH$ CnH$monghma
A`mg AnydVm $blw{V {ZXmVw{V VWm Cnn{m $nr AJm|H$s rmgm
H$aZona ^br^m{V gPm gH$Vm h. AVEd JWH$ma H$hVo h ""hm^wH$s
dmUr AVrd Xw~m}Y hmoZona ^r dh gw~moY ~Z nm`o EVXW Ad~moYmW
Agm`H$mar AKm|H$mo haZodmbo hm^wHo$ A>momaeV Zm H$Q> H$a
ahm h'' (gdm}.Vmo.4).
h XoI gH$Vo h {H$ AVEd ^wMaU JbmMaU| hr hm^wHo$ XeZH$m
gma gdWV`m {Z{X> H$a aho h. hm^wZo AnZo VH$s gJhH$m[aH$m d`
`m| H$hZr Mmhr h :
gmH$ma ~ ew {h m`m VN>pV Cmm&
V`m gd gmoh gmjmX ^pVe M mo{MH$m&&
(gw~mo.1&7&4)

BZ Zmm|H$s Bg gX^| {deX {ddoMZm `hm e` Z hmoZogo Ho$db gHo$V

{X`m Om ahm h. naVw Bgo ^br^m{V X`JV aIZona mMrZ `m`mH$mam|mam

`hr ~mV ^w M aUZo ^r gdm} mVmo Ho $ J bmMaU VWm

AZw~Y{Vnm{VnmXH$ bmoH$m|| gPm Xr h : ""{Og| {H$gr ^r VahH$m
H$moB mH$V Y hmoVm Zht naVw Omo d` AmH$V Y$n hmo Eogo
doXdoXmVgyJrVm^mJdVm{X emm|| {Vnm ew gmH$ma VdH$s Vw{V
H$aVm h'' (gdm}.Vmo.1). h XoI gH$Vo h {H$ `hm hm^yV gJhH$m[aH$m|,

39

40

m`mHo$ CmepV hmoZona ^r mo{hH$m hmoZoH$m CboIHo$ Abmdm A` gmar

~mV| gmH$ma~H$mo ew H$h H$a VWm Eogo ~H$s Vw{V$nm ^pVH$mo ^r
B{JV H$a OVm Xr h. ~H$mo d` JwUYmH$, AWmn`m JwUYm]Ho$
~mH$ hmoZoHo$ CboImam, epV$nm m`mH$m d` JwUY| AV^md
drH$ma {b`m J`m h. AVEd nWV`m m`mH$m AZwboI ^r epV Ama
epVmZ Ho$ ~rM VmXm`H$s AdYmaUmna Adbp~V d{ZV hdm h.
gmH$ma~H$mo ew H$hZomgo ~Ho$ m{`H$ AmH$maH$m `mdVZ ^r {g hmo
OmZoHo$ H$maU ^wMaU CgH$m CboI H$aZm Amd`H$ Zht mZVo.
Bgr Vah "gmX`'n| {Vnm ~Ho$ mhm`kmZ mV hmo OmZona
CgHo$ {V gwT>gdVmo A{YH$ZohHo$ JyT>^mdm|dmbr ^pVHo$ mXw^md H$aZoH$mo
{Og `m Ogo gmX`Ho$ ah`H$m {ddaU Cn{X> hdm h Cgo ^r, ^wMaU {H$VZr
Zmoa ar{VHo$ gmW"" 1H${bH$mbVN> Z{> dmX {dXw f m{n g{V
A{df` V` mhm` g^yX ^w{d, 2X``m {ZOmhm`
H$[a`Z H$Q> h[a 3dm`m `Xm VXm dm` mXw^yV MH$ma {h.
4
F${f ApZHw$maVw... 5lrH$Um` XodVm M 6~rO H$m{UH$
7
^w .
{d{Z`mo J mo
^pV`mo J {V~Y{dZmeZo .
8
H$UmYamVmdmX{g{ A Z ge`.''
(gdm}.Vmo.3-6).

de hmoVm h, CgrH$m $bwI A{YH$ma hmoVm h'' (>. : V.Xr.{Z..2&226)

VXZw$n ^wMaU ^r 2-3h[a X``m {ZOmhm` dm`m H$Q>rH$[a`Z
dm` mXw^yV MH$ma'' {VnmXZmam ^JdmZH$s X`m {MZna ~agr hmo Ch|
hr A{YH$mar mZ aho h.
{Vr`mZw~Y {df`Ho$ ~mao| hm^w H$hVo h ""emm|| ~|go g{>H$s
Cn{mH$m {Z$nU AZoH$Ym Omo {H$`m J`m CgH$m A{^m` `hr h {H$
H$WpMX ~Ho$ mhm`Ho$ {Z$nUmam OrdHo$ ^rVa mhm`kmZ H$Q>
H$aZm. Eogo mhm`Ho$ ^rVa ~H$m nmam` ^r JyT>^mdgo {Z{hV ahVm
hmoZogo ~rO^mdHo$ $n| namgpV ^r {ZJyT> ahVr h. BgH$m ^mZ hmoZona
OrdmmHo$ ^rVa AZmnm{YH$ nmampH$ Zoh AHw$[aV hmoZo bJVm h.
Bgo emm|| Ordm-nammHo$ ~rM A^oXmonXoemam gnZ {H$`m
OmVm h. `m| ^pVHo$ Xmo Ae mhm`kmZ Ama AZmnm{YH$ Zoh Ho$
mXw^mdmW gJ emm|H$s EH$dm`Vm {b nmVr h. ^wMaU ^r,
AVEd, {df`gy M ZmW H$hVo h 7""{d{Z`mo J mo ^pV`mo J mo
{V~Y{dZmeZo'' AWmV {V~Ya{hV ^JdX^pV hr Bg VmoH$m YmZ
{df` h.
VVr`mZw~Y g~YHo$ ~mao| hm^w H$hVo h ""Bg ^JdH$nmHo$ H$maU
{bVo mJ H $m Am{X gmYZ lrH $ Ugo d mna, X^m{Xa{hV Am a
lr^mJdVVdk nwfH$m Jw^mdgo ^OZ hr h'' (V.Xr.{Z..2&227).
VXZw$n ^wMaU ^r A{J H$Q> {H$`o OmZo "OZ{ejmH$Vo H$U^pVH$V'
"gdbjUgnZ' "lrH$UkmZX' "Jw' Zmm|go A{^Yo` hm^wH$m `hm 2-35-6
""{ZOmhm` dm`m H$Q>rH$[a`Z h[a dm` mXw^yV MH$ma. XodVm
lrH$Um`, H$m{UH$ ^w ~rO_'' H$h aho h.

`hm VwV VmoHo$ A{YH$mar {df` g~Y Ama `moOZ $nr

AZw~YMVw>`Ho$ {VnmXZHo$ `mOgo {H$VZr AX^wV ar{Vgo ^wMaU `mHw$N> mo{VV Zht H$a {X`m
gdW A{YH$mar {df` g~Y Ama `moOZ H$s {OkmgmHo$ CneZmW
h XoI gH$Vo h {H$ Ogm{H$ hm^wH$m {gmV h ""Bg mJ| g^rH$m
$bwI A{YH$ma hmo Zht gH$Vm. `m|{H$ {Ogna ^JdH$nm ~agr hmo,
{OgH$m nyddX AZwmZ nw{>^pVmJHo$ ~mao| {MgmV`H$s g[aVmHo$

MVwWmZw~Y `moOZHo$ ~mao_| d` _hm^w Ogo H$hVo h ""A~ H${b`wJHo$

H$maU A` g^r _mJm]Ho$ AZwgaU H$aZoHo$ A{YH$ma {Zdm hmo J`o hmoZona
^r H$moB ^pVHo$ gmW lrH$Ugodm H$aVm hmo Vmo `hr H${b`wJ \$bX ^r
hmo gH$Vm h... gmao lw{VdMZ Ama JrVm^mJdVm{XH$m _wI AW Vmo
`hr h. ~m{H$ Vmo _V_VmVam|mam n[aH$pnV AW h... AVEd gmpdH$
bmoJ ^r _VmVam|Ho$ {V _mo{hV hmo H$a lrH$U^OZgo H$ht {d_wI Z hmo

41

42

Om`| Cgr `moOZde _oam `h `mg h'' (V.Xr.{Z.1&19-22). VXZw$n

^wMaU ^r 8""g{V {dXwfm_{n H${bH$mbV_N>Z{>dmV V`
_mhm`_ A{df` g_^yX... A H$UmYam_VmdmX{g{ Z ge`''
`m| eXmVa_| dhr ~mV H$h aho h.
_hm^wHo$ _VH$s {d{e> H$mZ gr Eogr ~mV h Omo ^wMaUZo `hm H$h Z
Xr hmo! gdW_ Vmo ^pVH$m _hm^wH$mo A{^oV d$n {H$ dh _mhm`kmZnydH $
gwT>gdVmo@{YH$Zoh$n h dh. Xygao Eogr ^pVH$m gmYZHo$ ~Om` H$nmb`
hmoZoH$m {gmV. Vrgao ^pV AnZr \$bmdWm_| ^JdmZ_| aho JyT> ^mo`^mdH$mo
H$Q> H$aZodmbr ~Z OmVr h. MmWo _hm^wH$s dmUr_| ^Jd_wIma{dX$n
ddmZaHo$ H$Q> hmo OmZoH$s `m`m. nmMd| d`Ho$ ~mao_| "ApZHw$_ma' hmoZoHo$
CboImam nw{>^pV_mJ_| JyT> ^moV^mddmbo F${fJU Omo lram_Ho$ ag$n
XeZHo$ ~mX gmar gmYZmAm|H$s Ma_{Zn{mH$mo ^JdagmZw^y{V_| JyT>^mdm|Ho$
Am{dH$aUmW drH$ma boZo o[aV hmo J`o! CZH$m AZwH$aU H$aVo hdo gmao
Am{Y^m{VH$ Am`mp_H$ `m Am{YX{dH$ Cnm`m|H$m AZw>mZ lrH$U^`W
H$aZoH$m {gmV. nmMd| lrH$U_| ahm JyT> ^mo`^md, Omo ^JdmZZo
Vm_g_o`H$aU_| AnZo doUwdmXZmam lw{V$nm Jmo{nH$mAm|_| OJm`m, Cgo Bg
VmoH$s {g{Ho$ $n_| {~aXm H$a H$Q> {H$`m J`m h. N>>o Bg {g{H$mo mV
H$aZodmbo A{YH$marHo$ {deofUV`m "g VXoH$_Zm' (gdm}.35) nXHo$ `moJmam
_hm^wHo$ mam eV ^pVHo$ {H$`m_H$ d$n ^JdgodmHo$ _mZgr hmoZoHo$
$n_| A^r> hmoZoH$s ~mV VWm ^pVHo$ ^mdm_H$ ZohHo$ `gZmdWm_|
{dH$mgH$s ~mV ^r ^wMaUZo B{JV H$a Xr h. `m|{H$ ^VHo$ VXoH$_Zm hdo
{~Zm Z Vmo _mZgr {g hmo nmVr h Ama Z `gZmdWm hr. "`gZ'nXmam Omo
{` bJVm hmo CgHo$ {~Zm ahm Z OmVm hmo Vmo dh ZohH$s `gZmdWm
H$hbmVr h. `m| _hm^wH$mo A{^oV `m Hw$N> ^wMaUZo H$h Zht {X`m!
_JbmMaU_| Vw{V{df`Ho$ {ZX}e_| hr _hm^wHo$ Xme{ZH$ _VH$mo VWm Ad{e>
CnH$_mJ bmoH$m|_| _hm^wHo$ Y_gmYZmHo$ ~mao_| g^r _hdnyU ~mVm|H$mo {H$g
{dbjU ar{Vgo ^wMaUZo Jwp\$V H$a {X`m, `h XoI H$a M{H$V hr hmo OmZm
nS>Vm h!

43

Bgr Vah A>momaeV Zm_m|Ho$ {VnmXZ_| VmoHo$ Cnghma_| ^r Ohm

^wMaU `h {dYmZ H$aVo h {H$ ""Bg Vmo_| {Z${nV hdo AmMm`Zm_m|mam
H$Q> hmoVo _hm^wHo$ dmV{dH$ d$n M[a Ama {gmV Ho$ ~mao_| gMr
lmHo$ H$maU {OZH$s ~w{ {dew hmo J`r hmo Eogo VXoH$_Zm hmo H$a Bg
VmoH$m {Z`_V nmR> H$aZodmboH$mo JWma^_| H$hr {g{ {_b Om`oJr
{H$ {OgHo$ {_bZona _wpV AWhrZ VrV hmoVr h VWm {OgHo$ Z {_b
OmZona ^r _wpV AWhrZ bJZo bJVr h!'' (gdm}.Vmo.34-35) Bg
{dYmZH$m dmV{dH$ A{^m` CgrH$mo g_P_| Am gH$Vm h Omo _hm^wHo$
""A~ h_ nw{>Ordm|Ho$ \$bH$m {Z$nU H$aVo h : nw{>Ordm|Ho$ {b`o \$b
Vmo Bg ^yVbna AnZo JwUm|H$mo AWdm AnZo d$nH$mo H$Q> H$aZodmbo
d` na~_ na_m_m ^JdmZ lrH$U hr hmoVo h'' (nw.._.16-17)
Bg dMZHo$ ^md Ama \${bVmW H$mo Omo ^br^m{V AnZo AVH$aU_| pWa H$a
nm`m hmo. AWmV Omo g{> ^JdmZZo AnZo d$nmZX Ama ^OZmZX Ho$ XmZmW
H$Q> H$s hmo CgH$s \$bmZw^y{V ^Jdd$nHo$ X`Ho$ ^rVa YmaU Ama ~mha
^Jdd$nHo$ ^OZHo$ Abmdm Ama Vmo Hw$N> hmo hr Zht gH$Vr (>. :
MVwbmo.3-4). AV Bg ^Jdd$nmZX Ama ^JdX^OZmZX Ho$ ^yVbna
CnbY hmoZona _wpVH$s {ZaWH$Vm Ama Z CnbY hmoZona ^r _wpVH$s
{ZaWH$Vm, `hr nw{>dmh_`mXm=MVwbmoH$s Ama gdm}m_Vmo H$s nana
EH$dm`VmHo$ mam mV hmoVm A{^m` h.
`m| CnH$_monghmaHo$ ~mX Vmn`{ZYmaH$ Ad{e> AJ A`mg h. dh
Ogm {H$ _hm^w ""AV ~_dmXHo$ AZwgma lrH$U_| AnZr ~w{ OmoS>Zr
Mm{h`o'' ({gm._wVm.12) H$hVo h VXZwgma ^wMaUZo gdm{YH$
nwZnwZamdVZ-_"h[a' "lrH$Um` XodVm' "H$UmYam_VmdmX...' "lrH$Um`'
"Jmonredb^' "H$U^pVH$V' "lrH$UkmZX' "...lrH$Uo_m' "H$UZm_...'
"lrH$UhmX...' "dO{`' "{`dOpW{V' "JmodYZpW{V...' "H$UagmWu{^'_nXm|Ho$ `moJ_| "lrH$U' `m CgHo$ n`m` `m g~Yr nXm|Ho$ A`mgmam
{H$`m h. Bgr Vah "~_dmX' Ama "^pV' H$m ^r nwZnwZamdVZ$n A`mg_"gmH$ma~_dmX...' "~_dmX{Z$nH$' "^pV_mJmO...' "...^pVH$X...'
"^`mMmamo n Xo > m ' "^pV_mJ H $...' "^`mMmamo n Xo e mW . ..' "^w { d
44

^pVMmaH$H$Vo...' "AZ`^Vof.w ..' "^pV_mJ}...' "^VoN>mnyaH$'- nXm|H$o

`moJmam {H$`m h.

nyaUmW AVrd AmXa lm {ddmg Ama {Z>m go ^r AmJo ~T> H$a d_mJH$s
gmjmX {X`mZw^y{VH$s Jdmhr XoVr ahr h!

AnydVm $nr AJH$s {Okmgm hmoZona XoIm Om gH$Vm h {H$ dh Bg

JWH$s `hr h {H$ _mJdVH$ AmMm`Ho$ Zm_m|mam Zm_nmR>H$VmAm|Ho$ ^rVa
d_mJu` AmMm`mam Cn{X> {gmV_| _mJHo$ AZwJm_rH$mo gpZ> ~ZmZoH$mo
CgHo$ ~moY ^md VWm AZwgaU H$mo gXoha{hV Ed gwT> H$aZm.

AVEd Bg Vmona {OVZm d{d`nyU gm{h` CnbY hmoVm CVZm A`

{H$gr Vmona Zht. Bg Vmona gH$V^mfm_| {b{IV H$m`_mZ gmV
`m`mAm|Ho$ Abmdm dO^mfm_| ^r `m`m CnbY hmoVr h. Z Ho$db
Jm_H$ `m`m A{nVw nm_H$ `m`m ^r dO^mfm_| VWm JwOa^mfm_|
YmbnXm|Ho$ $nm|_| CnbY hmoVr h. `h nanam VmoHo$ mXw^mdH$mbgo bo H$a
dV_mZH$mb VH$ A{dpN>Z dmhHo$ $n_| ~hVr ah h. dV_mZH$mb_| ^r
{Z.br.Jmo.lr_mYdam`Or (nmoa~Xa) Zo gdm}m_Vmom|H$m nmZwdmX {H$`m h.
lrVwbgram_m`UH$s VOna Xmohm-MmnmB_| {bIo "lr{d>bm`Z' JW_| lr$nMX
IS>obdmb (O~bnwa)Zo ^r Bg JWHo$ ^rVa gdm}m_Ho$ A>momaeV Zm_m|H$m
{_{lV Ad{Y^mfm_| AZwdmX {H$`m h. Bgr Vah JwOamVr ^mfm_| A^r VH$
Jo`nXm|Ho$ $n_| VWm Xmohm-N>XHo$ $n_| H$B gmao AZwdmX H$Q> hmoVo aho h.
BZHo $ Ambmdm Bg Vmo H$s a J rZ _Zmo a _ {Mm_H$ `m`m ^r
{Z.br.Jmo.lrdO^yfU bmbOr _hmamOlr (VVr`nrR>mYre)Zo VWm na_^JdXr`
lrmaH$mXmg narI Zo {_b H$a `oH$ Zm_H$s _hm^wHo$ M[aHo$ gmW gJ{V
X{eV H$aZodmbr `m`m H$Q> H$s h. EH$_odm{Vr`H$s AZoH$dX^mdmn{m
H$Q> H$aZodmbm AWmV g^r Zm_m|H$s EH$H$boda_| `m`m X{eV H$aZodmbm
{M ^r ~Zdm`m J`m h. `o {M VVr`nrR>Ho$ Hw$eb {MH$ma lrXm_moXaXmg
e_mHo$ mam {Z{_V H$adm`o J`o h.

\$blw{VHo$ ~mao_| _hm^wH$m gwn> A{^m` ^pVd{YZr Ama {ddoH$Y`ml`

_| H$Q> hdm h : ""^pV {Og H$ma dqJV hmo dgo Cnm` H$hVm h...
^Jdgodm `m ^JdH$Wm _| {OgH$s AmgpV gwT> hmoJr CgH$m H$^r
Zme Zht hmoJm'' , ""Bg Vah ^JdXml` gdXm {hVH$mar R>haVm h `m|{H$
H${b`wJ_| ^`m{X_mJ Xwgm` ~Z J`o h'' (^.d.1-9 {d.Y.Am.17).
VXZwgma ^wMaU ^r lrH$U_| JyT >^mo`^md lrH$UmYam_VmdmXZ$nm ^pVH$s
{g{Ho$ hoVw AmMm`Zm_m|Ho$ Aml` ~Zm H$a Cgo hr \$bV`m g_Pm aho h.
{ZXmVw{V$n AWdmX ^r Bg Vmo_| ""^Jd_mhm`H$m AkmZ,
_m`mdmX{ZamH$aU, gddm{X{ZagZ _m`mdmXXmhZ'' nXm|Ho$ mam lrH$UHo$
{V A^pV `m ^pV{damoYr ^mdm| Ama {gmVm| H$s H$Q> H$s J`r {ZXm
h. Vw{V ^r gmH$ma~dmXHo$ WmnZHo$ mam A` gmao _mJm]H$s VwbZm_|
lrH$UH$s ^pVHo$ _mJ_| dbj`Ho$ CboImam H$Q> H$s J`r h.
Vmn`{ZYmaH$ ApV_ AJ Cnn{mHo$ ~mao_| _hm^w H$hVo h ""dWd
OrdZ bmoHo$ ^pVkmZmogd {dZm H$UH$VmZ{Mmd _wVoa{n A{YH$
_V_''(gw~mo.1&10&7). `hr ~mV ^wMaU ^r Cpb{IV JWmonghmamp_H$m
H$m[aH$mAm|_| H$h aho h.
`m| _hm^wHo$ Zm_m|Ho$ CnXoemam gdm}m_ JW _hm^wHo$ {d{dY JWm|Ho$
dmV{dH$ dma`H$mo g_PZo_| AVrd CnH$mar ~Z OmVm h. `h \${bV hdm.
Bg Vah VwV gdm}m_VmoH$s gdm}m_Vm hr AnZo mXw^mdHo$ g_`go
AmO VH$ g^r nw{>_mJmZwJm{_Am|Ho$ {b`o AZoH${dY Am{YX{dH$ `moOZm|Ho$
45

`hm EH$ ~mV g{deofV`m CboIZr` bJVr h {H$ gdm}m_VmoHo$

Zm_m|H$s {hXr VWm JwOamVr ^mfmAm|_| _hm^wHo$ JdofUmnyU M[aHo$ Z`Zm{^am_
{Mm_H$ {ddaUHo$ gmW gJ{V {XImZodmbm `h AZyR>m `mg g^r Vah
A{^ZXZr` h . {\$a^r ""gmH$ma~ _dmX H $WmnH$mo do X nmaJ
_m`mdmX{ZamH$Vm gddm{X{ZamgH$X'' (gdm}.Vmo.8-9) Zm_m|H$s Omo
M[agJ{V {XIm`r J`r h dh Eo{Vhm{gH$ {>go CnnZ Zht h. `m|{H$
_hm^w Ama H$UXodam` Ho$ g_H$m{bH$ hmoZona ^r O~ _hm^w `mah dfH$s
AdWm_| {dmZJa nYmao _mZo OmVo h V~ H$UXodam` dhm emgH$ Zht ~Z
46

nm`o Wo; Ama, O~ do emgH$ hdo V~ _hm^wH$s X{jU`mmHo$ dmmV {_bVo

Zht h. AnZr Am`wHo$ `mahd| df AWmV eH$gdV 1411_| _hm^wHo$ mam
H$UXodam`H$mo dUdY__| Xr{jV H$aZoH$s {H$dXVr gXm`_| ~hMm[aV
h. O~{H$ eH$gdV 1450 VH$ H$UXodam` ""eH$mXo em{bdmh` ghoU
MVw eV g `mVo {damo `Xo . .. na_h g n[ad m OH$mMm` _ w _ w j do
^_Yy { bJmm` mjmd{bYm[aUo . .. gXm{edgad` Jw a do
{ed${nUo'' (H$mMrH$m_H$mo{Q>nrR>mYreH$mo H$UXodam`mam XmVm_nH$s
npV : 67-86) d`Ho$ JwHo$ $n_| H$mMrnrR>Ho$ lreH$amMm`H$mo hr drH$ma
aho h.
`{X gM_wM_| Eogo {H$gr emmW_| {dO` nmZoH$o H$maU _hm^wH$mo AmMm`nXdr
{_br hmoVr BZ VrZm|_|go {H$gr Z {H$gr Vmo_| CgH$m CboI {_bZm C{MV
hmoVm. ~mX_| H$^r Mb nS>r qH$dXVrHo$ AmYmana Ogo _ybnwfH$ma lrmaHo$eOr
""gwb^V| X{jU nYmao `mao ~agH$mo dnw Yao, XoI _m_m haIHo$ AmXa
{H$`mo Amdmo Kao. {dmZJa H$UXod amOm ~hV _V hr Ohm {_bo...
H$ZH$m{^foH$ H$amdhr... ~mQ> XrZmo H$[a {dZ{V _mo{h eaUOw br{O`o
H$nm H$aHo$ eaU brZmo... VhmVo nT>anwaOw {gYmao... ^r_aWrHo$ nma {_bo
O~'' (_y.nw.6-9) H$hVo h. AWdm lrh[aam`Or ^r ""...^JdmZ
dm_Z... VW d lrb_UamOHw $ _ma... npS>Vg_y h {d{O`
AmMm` n Xdt M m` {dmZJamYrda_ AZw J ...
H$ZH$m{^fo H $mV`egmao U ...
B{V
dm_Zgm`_ ' '
(lr_XmMm`gH$bmdVmagm` : 40) VWm Jmo.lrJmoHw$bmogdOr ^r
lrdb^Zm_md{b_|
""^pV_mJ MmamW { dmZJanmdZ
"H $ UXo d m'`gmOg^mMaUYmaH$... AZo H $^y { Vemo ^ mT >
MamMaZ_H$V'' (lrdb.Zm_m.11-14) H$hVo h. Eogm hr _mJma^Ho$
g_`go hr `h B{Vdm H$Q> hmoZm Amd`H$ Wm.
BZ VrZ Vmom|H$s ~mVH$mo N>moS> X| V~^r _hm^wHo$ godH$ ^VH${dAm|Ho$
AWdm ^wMaUHo$ godH$ ^VH${dAm|Ho$ mam {da{MV _hm^wHo$ ~YmB `m
JwUJmZ Ho$ nXm|_| ^r Eogr H$moB KQ>ZmH$m CboI {_bVm Zht h.
47

_hm^wHo$ M[aJWm|_| mMrZV_ _mZo Om gH$Vo lrJXmYaXmg{da{MV

"gXm`Xrn'H$s ^r Xmo gmgo dfgo mMrZ _mVH$mAm|_| VwbmnwfXmZH$m gJ
{_bVm naVw nadVu hV{VAm|_| Bg VwbmnwfHo$ XmZHo$ gJH$s OJh
H$ZH$m{^foH$H$m dmmV {jV hmo J`m bJVm h. Xygao M[a{Z$nH$ JW
"lrdb^m`mZ' Omo ^wMaUHo$ godH$Zo {bIm. do lrJmonmbXmgOr H$hVo h
""H$ZH$ZmZ eV_U gwdU} H$am`w _hrnmb Vo _y{H$ doJo Mm{b`m am`
{> Z nmN>r dmi. `mWr X{jU nmC Ym[a`m nmSw>aJ lr{d>bZmW''
(lrdb.2&14) O~{H$ {dmZJago nT>anwa Vmo Cma{Xem_| h X{jU{Xem_|
Zht! Vrgam M[aJW lr`XwZmWOr{da{MV _mZm OmVm h "lrdb^{XpdO`'.
Bg JW_| `h CboI {_bVm hmoZona ^r dh {H$g hV{b{IV {VHo$
AmYmana H$m{eV hdm Wm, CgH$m n>rH$aU Z V~ H$meZHo$ g_` {X`m
J`m; Ama Z A~^r dh kmV hmo nmVm h. ^wMaUH$s {Vr`m_Om lr`_wZmHo$
nm lr{d>bZmW aohrHo$ Zm_Ho$ gmW OwS>o nw{>_mJu` {ddH$moemon_
"gXm`H$nw_' Zm_H$ M[aJW Omo VVr`nrR>Ho$ {dm{d^mJmam g{MM[agJ{V `m`m_| AmYma^yV _mZm J`m h, dh gXm`H$nw_ d`
JWH$maHo$ AZwgma gdV 1729_| {da{MV (>. : g.H$n.12&39)
{XIbm`m J`m h. JWH$ma H$hVo h ""ldU gw`mo h[aam`_wI, H$aZ
{b`mo Zn _mZ'' (g.H$n.12&31). naVw Bgr JW_| ""^pV^mZw
godm Ow {d{Y Am_dmX gwIXmZ, ^pVaZ Q>rH$mOw `wV H$sZ ZdmWu
_mZ'' (g.H$n.11&75) Xmohm_| {OZ lrJmono daOrHo$ mam {da{MV JWm|H$m
CboI {H$`m J`m h do Vmo gdV 1835_| OZ_| lrJmoHw$bmogdgwV `moJr
lrJmonodaOr{da{MV h! EVmdVm Bg JWH$s m_m{UH$Vmna Z Ho$db mMrZ
hV{V CnbY Z hmoZoHo$ H$maU `wV Bg AmV[aH$ {damoYm^mgHo$ H$maU ^r
Z{MZ bJ OmVm h. lr_wabrYaXmg{b{IV "lr_Xdb^mMm`M[aV_' _|
Vmo _hm^wH$m am`Ho$ XmZm`j AnZo _m_mHo$ `hm AgZ hmoZm {\$a dV
amOg^m_| nYmaZm Ama emmW_| {dO`r hmoZoH$m CboI {_bVm hmoZona ^r
{dmZJaHo$ ~Om` dhm {demImZJa ({demImn>Z_!) _| h`r `h KQ>Zm _mZr
J`r h. lrmaH$mXmg nmarImam gnm{XV "lr_hm^wOrH$s mH$QdmVm'_|
Ohm Bg emmW Ama H$ZH$m{^foH$ H$m dUZ {dmZJaHo$ H$UXodam`H$s
amOg^mH$s KQ>ZmHo$ $n_| d{UV h, dhm ^r {dmZJa am`Ho$ dmmVHo$
48

Cnghma_| AH$_mV ""gmo amOm am_MZo hH$_ {H$`mo... `m ~mVV| AmoaN>m

Xoe_| ~hmoV _m`mdmXH$mo IS>Z ^`mo'' Eogr npVAm|H$m AH$_mV C^a
AmZm gdWm Ag_Og bJVm h.
_wPo Omo _Zmod{m gdWm A{` bJVr h, AWmV Bg gX^_| IQ>H$Vr
h, dh `h {H$ lreH$amMm` lram_mZwOmMm` lr_dmMm` Am{X {H$gr ^r
AmMm`H$mo amOmAm|mam `m A`_Vr` {dmZm|mam Xm AmMm`nXdr^mJ Zht
_mZm J`m h. CZH$s AmMm`Vm am`m{lV Zht drH$mar J`r h. {\$a `m
H$maU h {H$ h_mao _hm^w lrdb^mMm`MaUHo$ ~mao_| hr h_ Eogr am`m{lV
AmMm`VmH$s hrZ H$nZm H$aVo h!
AV _oar AnZr g_PHo$, Omo JbV ^r hmo gH$Vr h naVw ~b _mUHo$
A^md_| bJVr Vmo Zht h, CgHo$ AZwgma lm{VaoH$de AmMm`MaUgo OwS>r
ha qH$dXVrH$mo Eo{Vhm{gH$ {>go m_m{UH$ _mZ boZHo $s `h h_mar JVmZwJ{VH$Vm
h. Bg AndmXH$mo N>moS> H$a `h g{M-M[agJ{V$nm gdm}m_`m`m AVrd
A{^ZXZr` H${V h.
`hm gJmonmm `h H$h XoZm ^r C{MV hr hmoJm {H$ _hm^wHo$ O_WbHo$
~mao_| ^r Eogr hr AZ{Vhm{gH$ H$nmobH$nZm gXm`_| Mb nS>r h. hmb_|
~Zo N>mrgJT> am`Ho$ am`nwa ZJaHo$ g_rn Mnma` _mZ {b`m J`m h. `h
^r mMrZ CnbY g^r B{Vdmm|_| {_bVo CboI (`Wm ""Mnma`_hr O~
Am`o... ZJa MmS>m_o ~go'' _y.nw.2-3) {H$ O_Wb ^r_maWr ZXrHo$ VQ>na
Wm. O~{H$ dVwV ^r_maWr _hm~boda ndV_mbmgo {ZH$b H$a nT>anwa hmoVr
h`r _hm^wHo$ nydOm|Ho$ {ZdmgXoe_| ~hZodmbr H$Um ZXr_| AmYXoe_| {_b
OmVr h. VWmH${WV AmYw{ZH$ Mnma`go Xmogm-VrZgm _rb X{jU_| h.
CgHo$ VQ>na EH${XZ_| Om H$a nwZ bmQ>m Om gHo$ BVZr Xya H$ht g_rn_| hr
MmS>mZJa hmoZm Mm{h`o. CboIZr` h {H$ AmYXoeHo$ amOm "MmS>m/Mmim'
Zm_dmbo hmoVo Wo. AV nmM gm Jm_m|dmbm Xoe MmS>m_S>b _mZm OmVm Wm
:
49

""Of the place-names mentioned in the grant of

Kulottunga Cholamandalam and Uttamchola Velnadu
were the administrative divisions''.
(History of Medieval Andhra page 5,by
M.Krisnakumari).
""The temple is constructed...is named after the
Velnati chief Rajendr Choda I as Choda Narayan
temple''.
(ibd.85)
""A record of the velnadu king... Kulottunga-Choda
Gonkaraja.''
(Inscription of the Madras Presidency by
V.Rangacharya.522 page.810).

AV bJVm h {H$ _hm^wHo$ nydOm|Ho$ _ybWmZ JwQw>a VmbwH$m_| H$ht MmS>m

ZJa hmoJm. Omo ^r_maWr ZXrHo$ H$Um ZXr_| gJ_Ho$ Wbgo A{YH$ Xya hmo Zht
gH$Vm. AVEd ^r dV_mZ O_WbHo$ $n_| Mm[aV Wb gdWm AdrH$m`
hr bJVm h. MmS>mZJa_| lrb_Z ^>OrHo$ gJo-g~pYAm|Ho$ _hm^wHo$
mH$QHo$ dmmVgo h{fV hmoZoHo$ CboI ^r Hw$N> JWm|_| {_bVo hmoZogo CZH$m
dV_mZ N>mrgJT>_| hmoZm g^d Zht bJVm. AVw.
H$V {df`Ho$ AZwYmZ_| VVr`nrR>Ho$ {dm{d^mJmam H$m{eV "ewmV
nw { >_mJu` g H $ V dmL > _` : gm{h` Am a {dbo f Um_H$
n[aM`'(H$m.df.{d.g.2020) JWaZH$ma nmo.lrH$R>_{U emOrZo n>
207-219 na Bg Vmona CnbYmZwnbY H$m{eVmH$m{eV gm{h`H$m
JdofUmnyU n[aM` XmZ {H$`m h. CZ_|go Hw$N> Vmo `hm nwZH$m{eV hmo aho h
Hw$N> `m`m V~ AH$m{eV hmoZona ^r A~ `hm BXW_V`m H$m{eV hmoZo
Om ahr h.
H$m{bH$ H$_Ho$ AmH$bZmW Z Vmo nyU gm_JrH$m AdofU hmo nm`m h
Ama Z dh VwV boIZ_| A^r> hr h. naVw `m`mH$ma `pVAm|Ho$ H$_Ho$
~mao_| Hw$N> H$hZm hmo Vmo BVZm Vmo H$hm hr Om gH$Vm h {H$ ^wMaUH$s
IdmgrH$s godm H$aZodmbo lrJmo{dXXmgOrZo BZ Zm_m|na gdW_ Jo`nX {bIo.
50

`h Xmo gm ~mdZ dUdm|H$s 33dt dmVmHo$ Jmo.lrh[aam`OrH$V ^mdH$me_|

CboI {_bVm h {H$ ""V~ Jmo{dXXmg lrAmMm`OrHo$ nX H$aZ bmJo gmo
gw{ZHo$ lrJwgmBOr ~mohoV gZ ^`o'' . EH$ `m`m ^wMaUHo$ VVr`m_O
lr~mbH$UOrH$s ^r H$hr OmVr h. dh {H$Vw CnbY Zht hmoVr. AV
MVwWm_O lrJmoHw$bZmWOr `m`mH$mam|H|$ H$__| W_ AmVo h. BZHo$ Zm_na
EH$ {dVV Q>rH$m Ama dO^mfm_| VWm ^>gH$V^mfm_| ^r {_bVr h. _wPo
bJVm h {H$ dO^mfmdmbr ~S>r Q>rH$m H$Xm{MV m_m{UH$ ^r hmo naVw CgH$m
gH$V $nmVa Vmo ew Cnd hr h "bmoH$ZmWemr' Zm_H$ `pVH$m ^r
H$hm-_mZm OmVm h. {Vr` Q>rH$m lraKwZmWOrH$s h, Omo ^wMaUHo$ nM_m_O
h. VVr` MmMm JmonoeOr ^wMaUHo$ gV_m_O lrKZ`m_OrHo$ nw _mZo OmVo
h. MVwW Q>rH$mH$ma lrh[aam`OrZo Mma Vahgo VwV Vmona gm{h` H$Q>
{H$`m h : 1{dVV {dd{V 2Zm_`moOZm VWm 3gdm}m_VmoHo$ Zm_m|Ho$ AmYmana
_hm^wH$m ^JdmZH$o gH$b ^mJdVmoV AdVmam|H$o gmW gm` 4Bg gdm}m_VmoHo$
Zm_m|H$mo hr H$ht eXmVamam Vmo H$ht ZyVZZm_m|H$s CX^mdZm ^r. BZ_|go `hm
Am VrZ `m`mAm|H$mo `hm H$m{eV {H$`m Om ahm h. nmMdr Q>rH$m boIH$ma
lrdb^OrH$s h. N>>r `m`m lrdb^Or "dXZmZbXmg' mam {da{MV h.
gmVdt `m`m lr_WwamZmWm_O lrmaHo$eOr "KZwOr' H$s h. Bhm|Zo ^r
gdm}m_Vmona `m`m 1_hm^wHo$ Zm_m|Ho$ _m`_go lr^mJdVHo$ Xe_ Ama
EH$mXe H$Yd{UV brbmAm|Ho$ AZwgYmZmW {bIr h. 2dO^mfmHo$ mOb
Xmohm|_| ^r Xygar `m`m {bIr h 3"gdm}m_Zm_moma' h, Bg `m`m_|
^mJdVHo$ {H$Z-{H$Z bmoH$m|_| BZ EH$ gm AmR> Zm_m|H$mo ImoOm gH$Vm h `h
{XIbm`m h. gw~mo{YZrHo$ gnmXZH$__| _oao gh`moJr lrA{gV O.emhZo ^r
gdm}m_Vmo_| _mUm{XMVw>` VWm Eod`m{XgVH$ Ho$ dJuH$aU Xagm`o h,
{Oh| `hm g_m{d> {H$`m J`m h. BZHo$ Abmdm lr{J[aYaOrH$V ~YmB,
lrdO^yfUOrH$V Y_ma, Cpb{IV lrJmo{dXXmgOrHo$ 108 nX, Cpb{IV
lrmaHo$eOrHo$ Xmoho, lrdO^yfUOrH$V gdm}m_Ymb VWm ^maVoXw ~m~w
lrh[aMH$V gdm}m_Ho$ Zm_m|H$m ^mfmZwdmX, `m| `h gmam gm{h` n[a{e>_|
`mo{OV {H$`m h. _yb_| A{YH$me_| `h gH$bZ VVr`nrR>Ho$ {dm{d^mJmam
H$m{eV Cpb{IV g{M-M[agJ{V `m`m_| CnbY h, Ohmgo AnZr
hm{XH$ H$VkVm H$Q> H$aVo hdo h_ ^r `hm g_m{d> H$a aho h.
51

lrdb^m>H$Vmo : Ogm{H$ nhbo h_ XoI MwHo$ lrdb^m>H$Ho$

AmR>m| bmoH$ _hm^wHo$ $ndUZmW h. `h $n dof^yfmdUmH${VHo$ Ame`_| Zht
naVw AmamYZmonXoeH$ Ama Amam`^Jdyn go OwS>o "gmX`'n_| {Vnm{XV
H$Q>/JyT> AWdm nw^md/r^md Ho$ hr A>{dY $n h :
1
VXZwgma W_ bmoH$_| `h {XIbm`m J`m h {H$ ^yVbna H$Q>
hmoZodmbr g_w`mH${Vdmbo $nHo$ ^rVa _hm^wH$m EH$ {ZJyT> $n ^r h. dh
h ^JdmZHo$ ^rVa AdpWV JyT> ^mo`^md `m JyT> r^md H$m AZw^mdH$ $n,
Omo lrH$UmdVmaHo$ g_` dXmdZ_| H$s J`r amgbrbmHo$ g_` H$W{MV ~mha
H$Q> hdm Wm. _hm^wHo$ Bg H$Q> _Zw`mH${Vdmbo $nHo$ ^rVa ^r dhr
{ZJyT>V`m AdpWV h Ama d` _Zw`mH${Vdmbm $n ^r CgH$m EH$ dgm
AZw^md h.
AVEd na_mZXm_H$ ^JdmZHo$ Cg JyT>^mdHo$ AZw^dHo$ A{YH$mar Omo
Xdr Ord hm| CZ_| JyT >^moV^md ahVm h naVw _hm^w lrdb^ Ogo CX^mdH$Ho$
{~Zm dh, Ordm_m Ama na_m_m Ho$ ~rM Am`pVH$ Ho$dbmVdmXH$s Pm|H$Ho$
H$maU {~Xw Ogo gmJa_| {dbrZ hmo Om`o dgo, ~_m``_| {dbrZ hmo OmVm
h. AWdm Am`pVH$ VdmXHo$ ~moP_| {ng H$a Bg Vah X~ OmVm h {H$ H$Q>
^mo`^mdgo D$na CR>ZoH$m gmhg hr OwQ>m Zht nmVm. AV BZ XmoZm| AdWmAm|_|
Xdr Ordm_mAm|Ho$ ^rVa ^am ~_Ho$ d$nmZX Ama ^OZmZX Ho$ agmdmXZ
H$amZo g_W JyT> ^moV^md {ZaWH$ hmo OmVm `{X _hm^wH$m ^yVbna mH$Q
Z hmoVm Vmo. `hr ~mV Vw{V_wIgo {Vr` bmoH$_| {Vnm{XV h`r h.
2

lw{V$nm H$Q> dmUrHo$ A{^{hVmWHo$ ^rVa JyT>V`m AdpWV

Vmn`{df`r^yV AW Vmo `h h {H$ Ordm_mH$s {H$`mepV kmZepV Ama
^mdepV `m| VrZm| hr, Cg gpMXmZX ~_H$m AnZo gpMXe_| H$Q> hdo
Am{eH$ AZw^md h.
3

BgH$s AZw^y{V, naVw, doXHo$ nydH$mS>H$s lw{V{d{YAm|mam H$V`doZ

AZw>o` H$_m]Ho$ AZZw>mZ `m gmYZm{^_mZHo$ g{hV {H$`o OmVo AZw>mZ mam ^r
e` Zht. dh gH$b Zm_-$n-H$_m]H$mo Ho$db gX$n `m Ho$db AgX$n
52

_mZZogo ^r e` Zht ~ZVm. h_mar {H$`mepVHo$ ^rVa H$Q> hmo nmZodmbo

~_Ho$ JyT> H$_$nH$m hr AZw^md h_mao mam AZw{>V H$_m]_| H$Q> hmoVm h,
Eogm _mZ H$a {ZgmYZ^mdnydH $ H$_gmYZmHo$ AZw>mZmam H$_m]_o ^r ~_mZw^md
H$Q> hmo nmVm h. Bgo gH$b Zm_-$n-H$_m]Ho$ CnmXmZ^yV ~mp_H$ g`Ho$
H$maU hr drH$maZona AWmV A~_m_H$ H$_H$s ~_V`m Ho$db CnmgZm hr
""~_$n ApZ_| ~_$n H$_H$Vmmam ~_$n h{dH$s ~_$nm
Amh{V ~_$n XodH$mo nhM nmVr h, `h H$_mZw>mZ_| JyT>V`m AdpWV
~_g_m{Y h'' (^J.JrVm.4&24) Bg ^JdXdMZ_| H$hr J`r h, Eogm
_mZZona Zht. `h Ho$db ""H$_ Cg doXgo H$Q> hdm h Omo d` Aja~_go
H$Q> hdm h, AV gdJV {Z` ~_ `km_H$ H$__| {V{>V ahVm h''
(^J.JrVm.3&15) Bg dMZHo$ AmYmana dmn{V _hm^wmam lw{V$nm dmH$Ho$
""`k$nmo h[a nydH$mS>o'' (V.Xr.{Z.1&11) $n ~_H$s {H$`mepVH$m
JyT>me`H$m H$meZ h.
Bgr Vah doXHo$ CmaH$mS>$n Cn{ZfXm|_| Cn{X> ~H$s kmZepVHo$
~mao_| H$hr Om gH$Vr h. `m|{H$ gwI-XwI-_mohmp_H$m gH$b{dY AZw^{y VAm|_|
AZw`yV Cg gdgm{j^yV MV`H$s AZw^{y V ^r Ho$db ~m{df`H$mo nma_m{WH$
_mZ H$a AWdm Ho$db AmVaMoVZmH$mo hr nma_m{WH$ _mZZona e` Zht. dh
Vmo ~mm`Va C^` ""`h `_mZ g^r Hw$N> Bg ~_Ho$ gmW
VmXm`^mdmnZ h... dhr Vw_ ^r hmo'' (N>mXmo.Cn.6&8&7) lw{VdMZHo$
AZwgma drH$maZona hr e` ~ZVr h. Bg VahHo$ gd{dY Vm|_| AZw`yV
~_Ho$ EH$dHo$ AZwXeZ H$aZona hr lw{VdMZm|_| H$hm J`m h {H$ ""dhr
g^rHo$ ^rVa Ama dhr g^rHo$ ~mha h ...Eogo CgHo$ EH$dH$mo g^r_|
AZwJVV`m OmZ boZona H$moB ^r emoH$ `m _moh nXm hmo Zht gH$Vm''
(Ho$Zmon.5-7). _hm^wH$mo lw{VH$s Eogr dmUrHo$ n{V hmoZoHo$ H$maU hr `h
Ame` d` lw{VdMZm|Zo OmZm`m. EVmdVm doXHo$ CmaH$mS>_| Cn{X> ~_H$s
kmZepVH$m AZw^md hr Ordm_mHo$ ^rVa ~_kmZHo$ $n_| H$Q>Vm hmoZogo
~_H$s An[apN>ZVmH$mo AnZo n[apN>Z jw AhH$maH$s n[a{Y_| {gH$moS>ZoHo$
~Om` AnZo BX_mnX gH$b nXmWm]H$s Vah Ah_mnX Ho$ ^r ^rVa-~mha

53

AZw`yV _mZZm Mm{h`o. Bgr AW_| ""_ ~_ h'' ge dMZ ~mp_H$

AhH$maHo$ AZw^mdV`m gmWH$ hmo nmVm h.
BgHo$ ~mX {H$`m-kmZ ${nUr C^`{dY epVAm|go {d{e> ~_ Y_uHo$
d$nHo$ {V lw{VHo$ {ZJyT>me`$n ^pV^mdHo$ CnXoemW _hm^w H$hVo h
""Bg lw{VdMZHo$ Amme_| g^r OS> dVwAm|H$s ~_m_H$Vm g_Pm
H$a, OS>dVwAm|H$s OS>VmHo$ H$maU VrV hmoVo XmofH$m n[ahma H$a,
{Vr`me_| OrdH$mo ^r Cgr ~_H$m {MXe$n {XIbm`m J`m h''
(V.Xr.{Z.1&61). gd hr Bg Vah ~_H$s VmXm`mZw^y{V e` hmo OmZona
""VV d_ A{g'' (N>mXmo.Cn.6&8&7) dMZ _w`W Z hmo H$a ^`W h,
dVwV Vmo _wpV ^r ^`W hmo gH$Vr h `h ""~_^md {g hmo OmZona
A` {H$gr {df`H$s H$m_Zm eof Zht ah OmVr Ama Zht {H$gr VahH$m
emoH$ hr. g^r_| ~mp_H$s g_VmH$mo {Zhma nmZoHo$ H$maU Ord OJXreH$s
nam ^pVH$mo nm boVm h''(>. : ^J.JrVm.18&54) Bg lw{Vgma$nm
^JdXdmUrZo AnZm {ZJyT> Ame` _hm^wHo$ g_j H$Q> {H$`m. AVEd
_hm^w H$hVo h ""~__|go AZoH${dY H$mam|go g{>H$s Cn{mHo$
{Z$nUmam doX AV_| Vmo ~_H$m _mhm` hr {Vnm{XV H$aZm MmhVo
h. Eogo ~_Ho$ gmW nwZ OrdHo$ A^oXHo$ CnXoemam Cg ~_Ho$ ~mao_|
Am_^md_ybH$ Zoh hr doX ~T>mZm MmhVo h'' (V.Xr.{Z..1&41). AVEd
`h g{> Cg Xoe-H$mbm{XHo$ n[aN>oXgo a{hV ~_H$s Xoe-H$mbm{X_| n[apN>Z
AmH${VAm|_| Am{d^md hmoZogo ~_ gmH$ma ^r h Ama An[apN>Z ^r. AV
O~ Eogo ~_Ho$ AmZXmH$maH$s H$moB ^pV H$aZo bJVm h V~ OmJ{VH$ amJof-_mohm{XHo$ XwIX ^mdm|H$mo brb`m H$Q> H$aZodmbo ^y_mgwI$n na_mZXH$s
AZw^y{V e` hmo nmVr h. {ZH$fV ^JdX^pV ^JdmZHo$ d$nmZXH$m hr
^VHo$ ^rVa H$Q> hmoVm AZw^md hmoZogo Cgo "nw{>^pV' `m "{ZgmYZ^md$nm
^pV' H$hm OmVm h. Bgr Ame`H$m Vw{V_wIoZ {Z$nU Bg VVr` bmoH$_|
{H$`m J`m h.
VVr` bmoH$_| lw{VdmUrZo AnZo Ae`r$n nydm}maH$mS>m| Ama g_J
A{e$n Abm{H$H$eXam{eHo$ $n_| AnZm {ZJyT>me` _hm^wH$mo {Og Vah
4

54

OVm`m CgHo$ AmYmana lw{VdmUrH$s nZr$nVm Ama _hm^wH$s dmUrHo$ n{V$n

hmoZoHo$, AVEd ^Jd_wIma{dX$n ^r hmoZoHo$, V`H$mo ^wMaUZo CnnZ
{H$`m. A~ Bg MVwW bmoH$_| ^JdX^OZHo$ H$Q> CnXoeH$$n _hm^wHo$
_wIma{dX_| ^OZr` lrH$UH$m _wIma{dX H$go JyT>^mdHo$ gmW AdpWV h,
`h Vw{V_wIoZ g_Pm`m J`m h. _hm^wHo$ Cn{X> H$mago ^OZ H$aZodmbm
^V Omo ^r d^mo` J JY dgZ Am^yfU Zdo Am{X ^JdmZH$mo ^mdHo$
gmW g_{nV H$aVm h, CgH$m ^JdmZ AnZo gm{j^md_| {ZJyT>V`m AdpWV
^moV^mdHo$ mH$Q>mam gmjmX Cn^moJ H$aVo h. EVmdVm Eogm bJVm h {H$
d` ^JdmZZo hr _hm^wHo$ _wIma{dXgo AnZm {ZJyT> ^moV^md H$Q> {H$`m
hmoZogo d` _hm^w AnZo hr _wIma{dXgo ^Vm|mam g_{nV ^moJHo$ ^moVm
hmoZoH$m ~YZ drH$ma aho h!

nmMd| bmoH$_| H$hr J`r ^Jd_wIma{dX$n AWmV AmZXm_H$

ApZHo$ {ZJyT>me`de `{X _hm^wZo AnZm H${dVm_H$ {Z$nU Z {H$`m _mZ|
Vmo Z Vmo "VdmWXrn' Zm_H$ JW, eXm_H$ hmoZoHo$ H$maU, ^m{VH$ ApZmam
H$Q> hdm _mZm Om gH$Vm h Ama Z ^m{VH$ ApZ eX H$Q> hr hmoVm h. AV
drH$maZm nS>Vm h {H$ _hm^w AmZXm_H$ ^Jd_wIma{dXpWV AmZXm_H$
ApZ$n h. AVEd g{>H$s Cn{mHo$ {Z$nU_| Ohm ^m{VH$ ObVd ^m{VH$
ApZ_| go H$Q> hdm {XIbm`m J`m h H$m`-H$maU_| dOm` AZw^yV hmoVm h.
_hm^w$n ApZ_|go H$Q> hmoZodmbm lrH$UH$s godmH$m agm_H$ gmJa AnZo
CnmXmZ$n AmZXm_H$ ApZgo {dOmVr` Z hmo H$a gOmVr` hr h.

nmMd| bmoH$_| ^wMaU `h g_Pm aho h {H$ O~ ^JdbrbmHo$

CnXoemW _hm^wH$s dmUr dm hmoVr h V~ dh AVrd erVbVm XmZ
H$aZodmbr d{> Ogr (Q>. : ""_wImX B'' nw.gy.6) AWmV Am`m`H$
hmoZona ^r ^JdmZHo$ {V ^pV^mdHo$ {damo{YAm|Ho$ {b`o AVrd Xm{hH$m ~Z
OmVr h. AVEd _hm^wmam d`drH$V d`H$s ApZ$nVm (>. : ""ApZ
MH$ma VdmWXrn ^mJdVo'' V.Xr.{Z..1&0&3) H$Q> ^m{VH$ ApZHo$
AW _ | Z hmo H$a lw { V-_ { V-nw a mUm| _ | {Vnm{XV ""_w I mX . ..
ApZ''(nw.gy.6), ""Ah_ ApZ''(^J.JrVm.9&16), ""bo{bgo
Jg_mZ g_VmV bmoH$mZ g_JmZ dXZ dbX{^'' (^J.JrVm.11&30),
""_wI_ ApZ B''(^mJ.nwam.2&1&29), ""AWmo AZV` _wImZboZ
XX_mZ g {Zar` {dd_'' (^mJ.nwam.2&2&26) Eogo ^Jd_wIma{dX$n
ApZHo$ {ZJyT>me`_| boZr Amd`H$ h. ^wMaU H$hVo h {H$ A`Wm lrH$UHo$
_wIHo$ XeZ Z hmoZona dOOZm|Ho$ ^rVa d{bV hmoVo {d`moJHo$ VmnH$mo ha
nmZoH$s _wIma{dXH$s brbm Ama ^JdmZHo$ ghO `emo$n JwUgo An[a{MV
OmJ{VH$ {df`m|Ho$ AmH$fU$n XmdmZbHo$ VWm ^JdmZHo$ d$nH$mo OmZ Z
nmZoHo$ AkmZ$n XmdmZb Ho$ ^r nmZ H$aZoH$s brbm ^JdmZ AnZo _wIma{dX_|
`m| H$Q> H$aVo! AV _hm^wH$mo ^Jd_wIma{dX$n {dY_ml` ApZ
_mZZm Mm{h`o!

Bg bmoH$_| H$Q> g`moJ_| JyT> {d`moJ Ama H$Q> {d`moJ _| JyT>

g`moJ Ho$ BVaoVa{Z{hV hmoZoH$s ~mV ~hmoV AN>o T>Jgo C^a H$a ~mha Am`r
h. ^JdwIma{dXHo$ H$Q> y{VmZ AZw^mdHo$ $n| hm^wHo$ wIma{dXH$mo
{ZhmaZodmbm EH$ ~ma ^r ^mdnydH$ `{X CZHo$ XeZ nm boVm h `m wIma{dXgo
^mdnydH$ CnXoeJhU H$a nmVm h Vmo ^JdmZ lrH$UHo$ dO| H$Q> hmoZodmbo
$nHo$ ~mao| CgHo$ ^rVa Vrd {d`moJ H$Q> hmo OmVm h. `h, {H$Vw, BVZo ^mar
{d`H$s ~mV Zht h {OVZr {H$ BZHo$ A{YH$m{YH$ XeZ `m A{YH$m{YH$
CnXoeldU H$aZodmboHo$ ^rVa dOm{Yn ^JdmZHo$ A`{YH$ {d`moJH$m ~T>
OmZm {d`H$mar h.
EVmdVm ^wMaUZo `h gwn> H$a {X`m {H$ hm^wHo$ gmjmV nwfmom
hmoZoH$m ^md CZHo$ {V H$Vk nw{>Ord| Vmo lrH$UmgpVH$mo ~T>mVm h, H$VZ
Anw{>Ordm|| Zht. `m|{H$ hm^w d` `h Amkm H$aVo h ""`hr Vmo hmmoh
h {H$ emdMZm| H $mo d` gw Z Zo - OmZZo H o $ ~mX ^r {H$grH$m
lrH$U^OZ| dm Z hmoZm `h {ZpMV hr A{Ve` {Zw>a VmaUm AWmV
dMZm h H$moB emm`mgr {H$gr AemkH$mo lrH$UHo$ ^OZgo {dwI
H$ao'' (V.Xr.{Z.1&16). H$Q> nw{>^pVHo$ CnXoeH$ AmMm` ~ZZm, d`
AnZr ^pVHo$ dVZmW Zht `wV lrH$UH$s ^pVHo$ dVZmW h. AVEd
{V`mH$$nHo$ JyT> hmoZoH$m `moOZ ^r `hr h. AnZo AmmZw^mdmWH$mo H$Q>
H$aZoH$mo H$Q>V`m ^OZr` ^JdmZHo$ ^rVa JyT> AmMm`^md ^r AVEd {Z{hV

55

56

hmoVm hr h. dh Ho$db ^`wnXoeJhUmW Z hmo H$a Z-dMZ-VZgo ^pV H$a

nmZo OrdH$mo gW ~ZVm h. earana dMmdaU EH$ hr hmoVm h naVw dh
MaUVbna Wyb Ed H$R>moa hmoVm h. `h ^yVbna MaU{d`mgmW h| gj
~ZmVm h. Z`Z-H$U Am{X Bp`m|na hrZ Ed H$mobV dMmdaU hmoVm h.
`h h| XeZ-ldUm{XHo$ hoVw gj ~ZmVm h. Bgr Vah AmMm`$n| nwfmomH$m
mH$Q> ^OZmW Z hmo H$a ^OZmonXoemW hmoVm h Ama ^OZr` $nH$m {H$gr
A{YH$m[a{deofH$mo CnXoemW dm hmoZm Ho$db ^OZmonXoemW Z hmo H$a ew
^OZmW hr hmoVm h.
AVEd ^Vm|H$mo {` brbm H$aZodmbo AH$Q> ^JdmZH$mo Amb~Z ~Zm
H$a OrdmmHo$ ^rVa H$Q> hmoZdo mbo oHo$ Wm{`^mdHo$ ^rVa Amb~Z{d^mdmm
^JdmZH$m $n JyT>V`m AV{Z{hV ahVm h. Bgr Vah Eogo omH$ Wm{`^mdHo$
H$Q> hmoZogo nhbo ^r hm^wHo$ nw{>^pVmJu` CnXoem|H$mo AZwgaVo hdo Omo
AnZo ^OZr` ^JdnH$mo hm^wHo$ ^mdmH$ mZ H$a, omH$Q>mW
^JdX{MHo$ ^r T> hmoZogo nhbo, AWmV Ho$db mhm`kmZHo$ de `m
mhm`kmZO{ZH$m ^OZ{H$`mHo$ $| Omo ^OZ| dm hmoVm h, Cg mhm`kmZ
Ama ^OZ{H$`m Ho$ ^rVa CgH$m Amb~Z ~ZZodmbm ^Jdn AV{ZJyT> hmoVm
h. Bgr Vah ^pV^mdHo$ Amb~Z{d^md$n ^OZr` d$n| ^Jdo
^JdXmgpV Ama ^JdX`gZ^md | n[and hmoZodmbr ^pVH$m Wm{`^md
^r JyT>V`m AV{Z{hV ahVm h. ^JdmZHo$ mhm`Ho$ AkmZH$mo e{V
H$aZodmbr Eogr nQw>VmHo$ H$maU hm^wH$m ApZHo$ $n| dUZ CnnZ hr h.
{$a^r Eogo ^JdX^OZHo$ CnXoeH$ AmMm`Ho$ ^rVa JyT>V`m ^Jdd$n
AV{Z{hV hmoVm h VWm AmMm`MaUHo$ ^pV^mdg~Yr ^mdm|Ho$ AZw$n
^mdmH$ hmoZogo Cg d$nHo$ ^rVa hm^w AV{ZJyT> hmoVo h. Bg H$maU h
{H$ `oH$ nw{>OrdHo$ ^rVa JyT>V`m AdpWV hm^wH$m ^OZ Ch| gmjmV
JmoHw$boe lrH$U mZ H$a H$aZm hr gMr nw{>mJu` ~w{mm h.
8

Bg Vah h XoI gH$Vo h "gmX`...'n| Cn{X> ~rO$n ^md

lrdb^m>H$Ho$ AmR> bmoH$m|| H$go AHw$[aV hdm. Cg ~rO$n| go AHw$[aV
hmoZodmbo A>{dY $nm|H$m hr dUZ lrdb^m>H$| {H$`m J`m h.
57

Bg Vw { V$n J Wna gd W `m`m ^w M aUHo $ MVw W m O

lrJmoHw$bZmWOrmam {da{MV h. CZH$s `m`mna nwZ lrnwfmomOrZo ^r
`m`m {bIr h. {Vr` `m`m lraKwZmWOr mam {da{MV h. `o g^r nyd|
H$m{eV hr h Ama CZ gH$aUm|Ho$ gnmXH$-H$meH$m|Ho$ {V hm{XH$
H$VkVm H$Q> H$aVo hdo hr h `hm Ch| nwZ H$m{eV H$a aho h.
w$aH$UomVVmo : Ogm {H$ hZo XoI hr {b`m {H$ `h Vmo
Eod` dr` `e lr kmZ dam` Ama gmVd| BZ JwUYm]Ho$ Y{$nHo$ $n|
hm^wH$s Vw{VHo$ $n| H$Q> hdm JW h. AVEd AmMm`Ho$ $n| mXw^yV
hdo hm^wHo$ `o Eod`m{X N>h JwUY AmMm`m}{MV Eod`, AmMm`m}{MV dr`,
AmMm`m}{MV `e, AmMm`m}{MV lr, AmMm`m}{MV kmZ Ama AmMm`m}{MV
dam`, H$Q>V`m AmMm`Ho$ JwUJmZmW d{UV hmoZona ^r JyT>^mdH$s {>go
nw{>mJu` Ordm|Ho$ ^rVa H$U^pVHo$ T>rH$aUmW hr h. hm^wZo AVEd
gd{ZU`{Z~Y| `h gPm`m h :
""doXHo$ nydm}maH$mS> ^JdmZH$s {H$`mgm` Ama
kmZgm` Ho$ CnXoemW H$Q> hdo h. O~{H$ dgo C^`{dY
{H$`m Ama kmZ Ho$ gm`dmbo d` ^JdmZH$m {Z$nU Vmo
JrVm Ama ^mJdV | hdm h. BZ XmoZm| emm|H$s AnydVm
{H$`mepV-kmZepV{d{e> nwfmomH$s eaUmJ{V Ama
^pV Ho$ CnXoem|| H$Q> h`r h. `h lrH$UH$s n{m Ama
^pV H$m mJ A` g^r mJm]H$s VwbZm| Cm h... {Ogna
lrH$UH$s H$nmd{> ~agr hmo dhr Bg mJH$mo ImoO nmVm h.
Omo Bg Eogo gdm}m mJH$mo ImoO ahm hmo CgHo$ {b`o Am{X
gmYZ h : H$Ugodmna X^m{Xa{hV ^mJdVVdk nwfH$mo
ImoO H$a CgHo$ mam {bVo CnXoeHo$ AZwgma ^JdmZ lrH$UH$s
godm| Vna hmo OmZm'' (V.Xr.{Z..2&220-227)

58

AVEd Bg w$aH$UomV JW| h XoI gH$Vo h {H$ hm^yV Bg

JwbjUH$mo hm^wHo$ Eod` dr` `e lr kmZ dam` $nr JwUYm]Ho$ $n|
{~aXm`m J`m h :

AZwJm{OZm|Ho$ ^r gm^m`$n ~Z OmVm h. naVw AnZo YHo$ CnXoe$n

emHo$ m{bH$ Vdgo AZ{^k hmoZm Z Ho$db YJwH$m AnZm Xw^m` h na
Cg gXm`Ho$ AZwJm{Am|H$m ^r Xw^m`$n hmoVm h

Bg VmoHo$ W bmoH$| hm^yn{X> JwHo$ bjUHo$ AVJV W

JwUY H$UgodmnaVm Omo hm^w| AmMm`m}{MV Eod`Ho$ $n| H$Q> hmoVr h
CgH$m dUZ h. H$go hm^wmam AZw{>V ^JdmZ dOm{Yn lrH$UH$s godm
ewH$ {H$`mZw>mZ `m H$H$mS> Z hmo H$a ^JdmZH$s dObrbmAm|Ho$ gmJaH$s
{hbmoam|| gVV bhamVo ahZoH$m AmZX h. nw{>mJ| ^JdbrbmH$s H$WmHo$
ldU H$sVZ Ama aU `{X ^VHo$ ^rVa AnZo Jh-n[adma| {~amOVo
^Jdd$nH$s godmHo$ $n| OrdZ| {H$`mpdV Z hmo nmVm hmo Vmo nw{>^wZo Eogo
nw{>OrdH$s Amm Ama AVH$aU H$m AeoZ hr daU {H$`m mZZm Mm{h`o
gdmeoZ Zht. `m|{H$ gdmeoZ nw{>^`W daU {H$`m hmo Vmo hm^w H$hVo h
""dV JyT> ^moV^mdmonoV dOJmo{nH$mAm|Ho$ Ogo ^Vm|Ho$ g^r ~mh`
H$}p` Ama kmZop`, AmVa Zmo-~w{-AhH$ma-{Mm$nr H$aU
VWm Amd$ngo hr Ho$db Zht A{nVw JhpWV VmnX n[aOZm|Ho$
goV ^r, ^OZmZXHo$ AZw^dHo$ gwb^ ~Z OmZoHo$ H$maU, OrdwpVgo
^r A{YH$ nhUr` $b {b OmVm h'' (V.Xr.{Z..1&51).

JwbjUmVJV VVr` JwU nadMZmW X^, df{`H$ gwIm|Ho$ H$mde

^Jdgodm `m ^JdH$Wm | d{m, Am{WH$ bmo^de AmOr{dH$mHo$ Cnm`V`m
^Jdgodm `m ^JH$Wm H$m AZw>mZ, `m gw{V{>V A` YmMm`m]Ho$ gmW
{VnYmde {V>mW ^Jdgodm `m ^JdH$Wm H$m AZw>mZ, Eogo XwJwU
AmYw{ZH$ OK`H$mo{Q>Ho$ YmMm`m]| H$Q> hmoZodmbo hm^w| Vmo gV hr Z
hmoZgo o CZH$m {VfoY ^r Amg{JH$ hmo OmVm h. AVEd AVEd AmMm`^mdmo{MV
nZ AZwJmr OZHo$ {V H$Um, dYHo$ T> AZwamJ; VWm ^JdmZHo$ {V
^pV^mdHo$ {X` gmohHo$ de, hm^w ^JdgodmW nw{>Ordm|H$s lm
{ddmg VnaVm `m {Z>m H$m IS>Z H$aZodmbo VdmXm|H$m {ZamH$aU H$aVo h.
`m| H$go AX^wV lrH$UgodmHo$ mJH$m dVZ VWm CnXoe hm^wZo {X`m {H$
Omo Xwm` Wm dh BZHo$ g^r AZwJm{Am|H$mo d` CZHo$ gmgm[aH$ Jhn[admam|o hr gwb^ hmo J`m AVEd ^VH${dAm|Zo JwUJmZ| hm^wHo$ Bg
AX^wV JwUH$mo {~aXmVo hdo H$hm h ""H$mZ ag ^yVb H$Q> ^`mo Omo ag
{ZJ-AJ h AJmoMa gmo g~ g bh`mo. Ka-Ka ZXgwdZ$b y$`mo
godm{d{Y {gI`mo''

nydbmoH$| nw{>^pVmJu` AmMm`H$m dmV{dH$ Eod` bm{H$H$ YZd^d `m VXW lrH$UgodmH$m `mdgm{`H$ XeZ Zht `wV {ZOJh|
{ZOVZw{dm-n[aOZmoHo$ gmW ^JdgodmH$m {Zdmh hr CgH$m dmV{dH$ Eod`
hmoVm h. `h {XIbm H$a A~ {Vr` bmoH$| JwbjUmVJV {Vr`
lr^mJdVVdkVmH$mo ^wMaU hm^wHo$ AmMm`m}{MV dr` JwUHo$ $n| {~aXm
aho h. H$go hm^w ^Jdgodm| ^mJdVH$s XeH$Yd{UV brbmAm||
{ZaVa {dhma H$aVo ahZona ^r godmHo$ AZdga| Vmo lrX^mJdVmon{X> ^JdmZH$s
Xe{dY brbmAm|H$m BVZr V`VmHo$ gmW AdJmhZ H$aVo ahVo h {H$ AmnHo$
lrAJ lrX^mJdVHo$ `oH$ nXm|Ho$ Am^yfUm|go {d^y{fV ahVo h {H$gr ^r
Y-gXm`Ho$ YmMm`H$m AnZo YHo$ CnXoe$n emm|Ho$ {ZaVa AdJmhZgo
AnZo-AmnH$mo pS>V aIZm CgH$m d`Ho$ hr Zht A{nVw Cg gXm`H$s

nw{>mJu` JwnXHo$ `mo` nwfH$s `mo`VmHo$ {Z$nU H$aVo g` gdW

JwU Omo hm^wH$mo w$[aV hdm dh Vmo JwH$m H$Ugodm| nam`U hmoZm hr h.
Ama AVEd hm^w H$hVo h ""Omo Jw lrH$UgodmH$m CnXoe XoVm h dh
d` Cgo Cm mZVm hmo Vmo CnXoe XoZogo nhbo d` hr `m| lrH$UH$s
godm| Vna Zht hmo nmVm? AV lrH$UH$s godm| Vna hmoZm Jw hmo
nmZoH$s `mo`VmH$s gdW A{Zdm`Vm h'' (Vd). Bgr ~mVH$mo ^wMaU
^r H$h aho h {H$ JwH$m {dmZ hmoZm Amd`H$ hmoZona ^r ~hmoV gmao {dmZ
AnZr {dmmHo$ ~mdOyX doXm{X emm|H$m A``Z ^br^m{V Zht H$a nmVo h.
A` Hw$N> doXm{X emm|Ho$ A``Z {H$`o hmoZona ^r doXm{X emm|Ho$ AZwgma
AnZo AmMaU Zht gdma nmVo. BZ| ^r A` Hw$N> AnZo AmMaUm|H$mo doXm{X

59

60

emm|Ho$ AZwgmam gdma nmZoHo$ ~mdOyX dUd gXm`Ho$ Zht hmoVo. Hw$N> BZ|
dUd hmoZona ^r dOm{YnHo$ {V X`| ^ar a{VHo$ AZw^mdHo$ $n| ^Jdgodm
H$aVo Zht hmoVo h. AV BZ g^r JwUm|go n[anyU hm^wH$s Ogr emo^m `m lr
A` Xwb^ h. `m| AmMm`m}{MV lr JwUH$m {Z$nU Bg bmoH$| {Vnm{XV
hdm
Bg bmoH$| ^wMaU hm^wHo$ Y{$nH$m dUZ H$a aho hmoZoHo$ H$maU
JwbjUmVJV VrZm| `m Mmam| ~mVm|H$mo EH$hob`m `hm gH${bV H$aVo h.
gdW ^JdgodmHo$ Zmo^md| {V~YH$ VdmXm|Ho$ {ZamH$aU| Agm`$n
$n XwJwUgo a{hV hmoZm. {Vr` doXnmaJmr nmpS>`H$m lr^mJdVJyT>mWHo$
H$meZ| {d{Z`moJ H$a nmZoHo$ gm`. VVr` {Znm{YH$ ^pV^mdHo$ gmW
d` lrH$UH$s godm| Vna ahVo hdo A` ^r Omo nw{>Ord hm|, Ch| lrH$UH$s
godm do {Z^m nm`| Eogo CnXoe Xo nmZoH$s gm`, lrXdb^ hm^w|
A{ZVagmYmaU hr h `m| `hm g^r JwUm|Ho$ gmhmaHo$ {VnmXZmam YuH$m
{Z$nU hr ^wMaU H$aZm MmhVo h. amgbrbH$Vmn` hm^wHo$ AZwgma
Vmg$b H$aU| ^r nmMdm A`m` YuH$m ~moYH$ mZm J`m h. `h
AX^wV gm` Bg bmoH$| YuH$m {VnmXZ drH$maZona hr gP| Am gH$Vm
h.
6
`m| JwbjUmonXoeHo$ ~mX ""Eogo JwHo$ gj {Okmgw OZ AmXaHo$
gmW nZ hmo H$a, CgHo$ CnXoeHo$ AZwgma d` ^r ^Jdgodm| Vna hmo
OmZoH$mo, Eogo JwH$s AmXaHo$ gmW AZwd{m H$ao'' (V.Xr.{Z..227) `h
~mV hm^wZo gPm`r h. VXZwgma N>>o bmoH$| ^wMaU ^r hm^wHo$
AmMm`m}{MV dam` JwUH$m {VnmXZ H$aVo hdo H$hVo h {H$ ^Jdmhm`~moYHo$
mXw^mdHo$ hoVw AnZo VH$na VWm ^JdmZ lrH$U| gwT>gdVmo@{YH$ ZohHo$
mXw^mdmW AnZo X`na H$moB hm^wHo$ MaUH$bHo$ MaUmVH$m H$moB bonZ
H$aVm hmo Cgo H${b`wJgo ^`^rV hmoZoH$s Amd`H$Vm ah Zht OmVr. Cg| Vmo
BpXam^{V g^rHo$ Cnm` dOm{Yn{VH$mo gZ H$a nmZoH$s jVm H$Q> hmo
OmVr h. AWmV d$nmZX VWm ^OZmZX Ho$ XmZ H$aZodmbo ^JdmZ|
^mo`^mdH$mo H$Q> H$amZodmbr ^JdmZH$s ^VnamYrZVm ^r H$Q> hmo nmVr h.
hm^w H${b`wJHo$ Xw^mdgo nw{>OrdH$mo wV H$a d` AnZr godm| Zht
5

61

naVw lrH$UH$s godm| nam`U ~ZmZm MmhVo h. AVEd d` ^r lrH$UH$s

godm| Vna ahVo h. `m|{H$ hm^wZo d` hr `h drH$mam h {H$ lrh[aH$s
^pV^mdgo godmmam Ch| gwI-gVmof XmZ H$aZoH$s Zmod{m dam`H$m
CH$f h. `hr Vmo nw{>^pVmJu` dam`H$m CH$f hm^w| gdm{Vem`r
hmoZogo ^wMaU ^r hm^wH$s AZwJ{V `m AZwd{m H$s Zmo{^bmfm H$Q> H$a
aho h "VXZwJdod o AVw''
7
Bg ApV bmo H $| AmMm`m} { MV kmZ$n Jw U H$m {Z$nU h .
dXmdZ{dhmarHo$ namoj| ^r CZH$s brbmH$s dOW ^Vm|H$mo h`r AnamojmZw^{y VHo$
Ogm kmZ `hm {dd{jV h. VXZwgma AnZo gdOZJmoMa mH$Q>H$mb|
^JdX^pV` AnZo $n JwUY Ama M[a Ho$ {Zdmhmam hm^w lrH$U^pVHo$
^mdgo d$noU nw{>OrdH$mo ^anya ~ZmVo h. gdOZJmoMa Z hmoZdo mbo AmH$Q>H$mb|
AnZr dmUrmam ^r hm^w nw{>Ordm|Ho$ ^rVa lrH$U^pVHo$ ^mdm|H$s dgr
hr d{> H$aVo hmoVo h. AV drjU$n kmZJwUH$m {Z$nU `hm {dd{jV h. `h
~mV d` hm^wZo ^r""H${b`wJHo$ ~bdmZ hmoZona Eogo bjUdmbm Jw H$^r Z
{bVm hmo V~ ^r d` hr lrH$UH$s Zmo{^b{fV y{VH$mo
AnZm ^OZr` d$n ~Zm H$a ^Jdgodm Vmo H$aZr hr Mm{h`o''
(V.Xr.{Z.2&228).
`m|{H$ gmH$ma~dmXmdmbp~V nw{>^pV H$aZoH$mo gd`mnr gdm}nmXmZ
gdZm-$n-H$mYma hmoZoHo$ $n| ^OZr` d$n nw{>^VHo$ nmg ~mZm
Amb~Z{d^mdHo$ $n| CnbY hr h. nw{>OrdHo$ ^rVa ^JdX{M ^JdZoh
^JdXmgpV Ama ^JdX`gZ n`V Cmamoma A{YH$m{YH$ AmdmXZr`
^pVHo$ Wm{`^mdmH$ $n| ^r namm dVCnbY hmoVm OmVm h.
dO^Vm|Ho$ ~rM Ogo ^JdmZ H$Q> hdo CZH$s dgr brbmAm|Ho$ AZw^mdZmW
CZHo$ ZmmH$ Ana$noU lr^mJdVmZm ^r ^JdmZ CnbY h hr. Cg
lr^mJdVHo$ {ZJyT>me`go AnZr H${V {V Ama a{V H$mo gMr {Xem| AJJmr
~ZmZoH$mo d` dmn{V ^r AnZr JWmpH$m dmUrHo$ $n| CnbY hr h (>.
: V.Xr.{Z..2&228).

62

{$a^r hm^wHo$ d$n Ama dmUr Ho$ ~rM ^oX^md H$aZona Vmo Z Ho$db
^JdmZ Ama ^mJdV Ho$ ~rM ^r dh {V~YH$ ~ZZo bJm A{nVw lrXmMm`MaU
Ama CZHo$ deOm|Ho$ ~rM ^r dh ^oX^md nw{>^wH$s nw{>^pV^mdmpH$m
godm-H$Wm| nw{>OrdH$s nw{>mJu` AJrH${V| ^r {V~YH$ ~Z H$a CR>
IS>m hmoJm AV nw{>^w na~ namm ^JdmZ lrH$UHo$ gmdXo{eH$gmd H $m{bH$ gd n w { > O rdm| H o $ daUHo $ $n| nw { > mJ H $mo m` H$aZm
w$aH$UomVHo$ nmZmam AnZo AmnHo$ ~mao| AV hmoZoH$m hm^wXm
AmdmgZ h ""~rO VX C`Vo emo T> `X Zm{n Z`{V... godm`m H$Wm`m
`` AmgpV T>m ^doX `mdOrd V` Zmemo Z dm{n B{V {V
''(^pVd{YZr 4-9).
(22)Cnghma :
AmOgo 26 df nhbo {H$ ~mV h O~ {H$eZJT> (amOWmZ) |
lrdb^nMeVr hmogd ZmZoH$s oar CH$R>m OmJr, V~ {nVMaUHo$
JWgJh|go wPo {br gdm}mVmoH$s ZmWmam-Z{S>`mXgo H$m{eV VrZ
w{V `m`m`| VWm A` AH$m{eV `m`mAm|H$s hV{bpIV {V`m Wr.
gmo ~S>r CJHo$ gmW Bh| bo H$a dhm J`m Wm. dgo Cg g` gmdO{ZH$
dMZ H$aZogo H$VamVm Wm. {$a^r Cg hmogdH$mo ZmZoH$s R>mZr hmoZoHo$
H$maU Zo gdm}mVmoH$s BZ H$m{eVmH$m{eV `m`mAm|Ho$ AmYmana
dMZ H$aZoH$s `moOZm Z| gOmo H$a gemo{YV m$n V`ma {H$`m Wm Omo
^{d`| wUmW ^r Cn`moJ| Am nm`o. dhm OmZona {H$Vw oao go`d$n Ama
dhmHo$ {ZdmgWb H$mo gmdO{ZH$ Xodmb`Ho$ $n| gaH$mar ImVm|| XO H$amZoH$mo
MbVr gaH$mar H$madmB| gaH$maH$s Amoago Am`r ZmoQ>rg| XeZ H$aZo AmZodmbr
OZVmHo$ A~m{YV A{YH$maH$m wm CN>mbm J`m Wm. gmo Zo AnZo go`d$nH$s
godmHo$ OZVmH$mo XeZ ~X H$aZoH$m VmH$m{bH$ {ZM` {b`m. V~ gaH$mar
Xmdm|| gX^| oam nj boZodmbo dhmHo$ H${Vn` dUd ^r oao {damoYr ~Z J`o
Eogr pW{V| gdm}mVmona CZ AZ{YH$m[aAm|H$mo gwZmZoHo$ ~Om` hm^wHo$
godmg~Yr {gmV hr gwZmZoH$m {ZU` boZm nS>m. ~mX| dhmgo bmQ>Zona
ApIb ^maVr` Vana nMeVr mZZoHo$ AJ$noU hm^wHo$ JWm|Ho$
nwZH$meZH$s `moOZm lrXdb^deO Jmodm{-n[afXZo ~Zm`r Ama wPo
63

dh CmaXm{`d gm|nm J`m. gmo EH$Ho$ ~mX Xygao JW VWm A`m` hoVwAm|Ho$
H$maU CR>Vo {ddmXm|| ^r CbPVo Mbo OmZoHo$ H$maU BZH$m H$meZ ~hmoV ~b
BN>mHo$ ~mdOyX e` Z ~Z nm`m. gmo A~ dh BVZo dfm]H$s b~r Ad{YHo$
~mX nyU hmoZo Om ahr oar hdmH$mjm h dVwV hm^w VWm ^wMaU H$s
H$nmHo$ {~Zm `h H$W{n wPo e` Zht bJVm.
~rM-~rM| O~ ^r `m Ohmgo ^r wPo Bg {df`H$s hV{bpIV gmJr
{bVr ahr OwQ>mVm ahm. {H$VZo gmao Jmodmr hmZw^mdm|Zo wPo AnZo-AnZo
hV{bpIV gJhm|| go {V{b{n Xr CZHo$ Cg CXma^mdH$mo H$go ^wbm`m Om
gH$Vm h BZ| gdW {Z.br.Jmo.Woe lraUN>moS>mMm` (H$moQ>m-w~B),
{Z.br.Jmo.VVr`nrR>mYre lrdO^yUbmbOr VWm CZHo$ AmO VVr`nrR>mYre
Jmo . lrd O o e Hw $ ma (H$m H $amo b r-~ S >m X m), {Z.br.Jmo . n M nrR>mYre
lr{J[aYabmbOr (H$mm), Jmo.lrerbw~mdm (nmoa~Xa), Bgr Vah A`m`
hV{bpIV JWmJmam|Ho$ A`j, BZ g^r {V{b{n XmZ H$aZodmbm|H$m
Am^ma drH$maVo g` AnZoH$mo H$VkVmHo$ ^mdm|go {d^moa nmVm h. BZ hV{bpIV
{V`m|Ho$ AmYmana ogH$mnr ~ZmZo Ama CaUdMZm|H$mo ImoOZo| gh`moJ XmZ
H$aZodmbm|| lr{H$emoaMOr (OwZmJT>), lraKwZmWbmbOr (JmoHw$b-nmbm),
{M.lreaXH$w maOr (mS>dr) H$m ^r wPo nyU gh`moJ mV hdm. nmR>^Xo {ZYmaUmW
VwbZmH$ dmMZ VWm H$`wQ>a| a$ S>mQ>H$mo $sS> lr^moJrbmb a. emhZo
{H$`m. VwbZmH$ nmR>^oXHo$ {ZYmaUmW mVH$mAm|Ho$ ghdmMZ| gh`moJr
lrA{gV O. emh, lrZrf ~mamB lra{gH$ a. emh, lr{VbH$ nmaoI VWm
lrho nbrMm Am{X Wo. ~mX| hmb| ApV dmMZm| {b H$a ~mMZodmbm||
lr-lrVr Y} VWm n{Zr Pmbm, lr-lrVr naoe VWm Zrfm, lrVr
~rZm nbrMm, lrOJXre, lrA{Zb ^m{Q>`m, gwlr `m{V ohVm Am{XZo
gh`moJ {X`m. AmdaH${M gwlr `m{V ohVmZo H$`wQ>a| ~Zm`m h. wUmon`moJr
gmar XmS>Ym nydHo$ A` g^r H$meZm|H$s Vah lrZrf ~amBZo ghmbr h.
AZoH$ H$mago Bg H$m`| gh`moJ XmZ H$aZodmbm|H$mo Bg {MaVr{jV
H$meZHo$ g` H$go ^ybm Om gH$Vm h hmb| Jmo.lrXma ~mdmZo ^r Hw$N>
{V{b{n XmZ H$s VXW CZHo$ {V ^r AnZr H$VkVm H$Q> H$aVm h.
64

BVZo gmao OZm|Ho$ gh`moJde hr gnZ hmoZodmbr Bg CnbpY| ""V

Ed g{V H$Vma AmmZ Ho$dbVw ` n`{V AH$V~w{dmV Z g n`{V
Xw{V'' Bg ^JdXdMZHo$ ahVo AnZo-AmnH$mo lo` XoZo Ogm Hw$N> ^r ~M Zht
OmVm. {$a^r BZ g^rH$m gh`moJ wPo nw{>^wH$s H$nmgo CnbY hdm VXW
AnZoH$mo Y` mZZoHo$ ^mdH$m gJmonZ ^r e` Zht h.
grXoVm {` lrXdOoeMaUml`o&
dm{Zm db^mYre{d>boem{^Ym gXm&&
hmao Ka| {~amOVo R>mHw$aH$s godm| {ZaVa Vna ah H$a ZmgodmW wPo
AdH$me XmZ H$a JWgnmXZHo$ CmaXm{`d| oao ^rVa JyT >^mdgo AdpWVH$m
H$Q> gnmXH$...
demIH$Um EH$mXer
{d.g.2062

Jmodmr `m Zmoha
(nmb}w~B-{H$eZJT>)

65

nmR>emoYZmW Am{lV mVH$m

(1)"gmX`...'n`m`m
w{V mVH$m :
(H$)`m`m`monoV gH$aU H$meH$ : Jmodmr lrOrdZoemMm`
nw{>{gmVH$m`mb`, lrbmb~mdmpXa, ^wboda w~B 2. H$meZ
gdV 1978. gnmXH$-lrHo$edam H$meram emr.
(I)AUw^m`H$meap (4&3&16) AVJVm VVmo CVm.
(2)gdm}mVmo`m`m
^wMaUHo$ MVwWmO lrJmoHw$ZmWH$V (1)`m`m
w{V mVH$m :
(H$)gdm}mVmo`m`m : H$meH$ Jmo.{V.lrJmodYZbmb hmamOH$m
{dm{d^mJ ZmWmam H$meZdf-{d.g.1980. gnmXH$-lrZX{H$emoa
emr.
(I)gdm}mVmo`m`m : H$meH$gnmXH$-lr{^wdZXmg nrVm~aXmg.
Z{S>`mX H$meZdf-{d.g.1974.
hV{bpIVmVH$m/Ooamog{V{b{n :
(J-K)hV{bpIV mVH$m Jmodmr lrXr{jVOrhmamOgJhW.
(L>-M)Ooamog{V{b{n OwZmJT>gJhW.
(N>)O ao mog{V{b{n Amo` lrJmonrZmWmOlrXodH$sZXZ` {d.g.1819.
OwZmJT>gJhW.
(O)Ooamog{V{b{n lrJmoHw$bmbH$ma`.OwZmJT>gJhW.
(P)$moQ>mo{V{b{n B{S>`m Am{$g bm`~oar.
(m)$moQ>mo{V{b{n amo`b E{e`m{Q>H$ gmogm`Q>rgJh H$bH$mm.
(Q>)^mo.Oo.JWmJmagJhg.4327.AhXm~mX.
66

^wMaUHo$ nMmO lraKwZmWH$V (2)`m`m

w{V mVH$m :
(H$)H$meH$gnmXH$-lr{^wdZXmg nrVm~aXmg. Z{S>`mX H$meZdf{d.g.1974.
hV{bpIVmVH$m/Ooamog{V{b{n :
(I)hV{bpIV {V. Jmodmr lrXr{jV hmamOgJhW.
lrKZ`mmO MmMm lrJmonoeH$Vm (3)`m`m
w{V mVH$m :
(H$)H$meH$ Jmo.{V.lrJmodYZbmb hmamOH$m {dm{d^mJ ZmWmam
H$meZdf-{d.g.1980. gnmXH$-lrZX{H$emoa emr.
hV{bpIVmVH$m/Ooamog{V{b{n :
(I-J)2 {V`m Jmo.lrXr{jVOr hmamO gJhW.
(K)Amo` lrXodH$sZXZ` OwZmJT>gJW.
(L>)boIZH$mb gdV 1985.
(M)w~B {d.{d.JWmJma H$g`m 492 boIZH$mb gdV 1969.
(N>)Jmodm{lrOJZmW` mS>drgJhW.
(O)Ooamog{V{b{n Jmo.lrWoegJhW.
(P)Ooamog{V{b{n Jmo.lrdOm^aUmOlrdOmbH$ma` (H$mdZ/
OwZmJT>?)gJhW.
(m)Oao mog {V{b{n Amo` lrJmonrZmWmOXodH$sZXZ` OwZmJT>gJ h W.
lrH$`mUam`mO-lrh[aam`H$V
(4/H$)ZmhoVw{Z$nU/Zm`moOZm
67

hV{bpIV mVH$m :
(H$)(4/H$)Ooamog{V{b{n w~B {d.{d.JWmJmaW H$g.4926.
(I)(4/H$)Ooamog{V{b{n Jmo.lrdO^yfUmO lr{J[aYa` H$mH$amobrgJhW.
(4/I)^mdd{YZr `m`m
(H$-I-J)3 hV{bpIV {V`m Jmodmr lrXr{jVOr hmamO gJhW.
(K)Ooamog{V{b{n Jmodmr lrerbw~mdm nmoa~Xa gJhW.
(L>)hV{bpIV Jmodmr lrOJZmW` mS>dr gJhW.
(M)Ooamog{V{b{n lrKZ`mmOJmodYZ ^>
(lrJ>bmbmOr) hV{bpIVJWgJhW w~B.
(N>)Ooamog{V{b{n Jmo.lr^wOr ~Jgam gJhW.
(O-P)2 {V`m (O){V Jmo.lrWwamZmWmOm[aHo$egwV lr...` H$mdZ
gJhW.
(m){V{b{n ^mo.Oo.hV{bpIVJWgJh AhXm~mX.
(Q>)Ooamog{V{b{n OwZmJT>gJhW.
boIH$ma lr{d>bam`mOlrdb^H$Vm (5)`m`m
hV{bpIVm mVH$m :
(H$-I-J-K)Ooamog{V{b{n Jmodmr lrXr{jVOr gJhW..
(L>)JWH$maHo$ {ZOhVmja| {bpIV{VH$s Ooamog{V{b{n
H$mH$amobrgJhW.
(M)Ooamog{V{b{n nMnrR> H$mdZW gJhW.
(N>)Ooamog{V{b{n w~B {d.{d.JWmJma H$g.4925.
(O)lrJ>bmbmOr hV{bpIVgJh w~B.
(P)Ooamog{V{b{n moV {dV

68

dXZmZbXmg lrdb^H$Vm (6)`m`m

hV{bpIVm mVH$m :
(H$)Ooamog{V{b{n H$mH$amobrgJhW.
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9

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10

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11

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12

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14

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16

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17

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18

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20

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27

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30

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^Vd^mdmZwHy$` gy{MV. VX CV ""ZXVw AmOo CnZo OmVmbmXmo
hmZm:'' (^mJ.nwam.10&5&1) B{V. A fQ> nXm{Z gpV : 1"Xd', 2"CV',
3
"hma', 4"', 5"`Z', 6"Amm' B{V `Vm{Z. gVM EH${{V gV{dY:
Cgd: CVmo ^d{V. VWm{h Cgdm`m`gw~mo{Y`m Cgd: gV{dY: CVmo
: 1{dmH$Vmogd:, 2^y{gH$mamogd:, 3Jmoemamogd:, 4JmonH$Vmogd:
5
JmonrH$Vmogd:, 6dm{XdmXZmogd:, 7XmZmogd: B{V. gEd gVnXofw `Wm`W
D$h`:. f>m`m`mW~moYH$Zmm{Z Amh: {Vmm{VZmeZ: B{V, dH$VoZ
^VH$VoZ dm aUmoU Am{V {{dYVmn$nm A{dmH$Vm Zme`{V.
VWmM nydm`m`mVo ZXmo dgwXodwImV ""gpV CnmVmM JmoHw$bo''
(^mJ.nwam.10&5&31) B{V lwdm `o mJ dOZ CnmVmJ$nm Am{V m`
h[aaU AH$amoV. V` Am{V nyVZmmaUoZ h[a: AZrZeV(H$). dO~mbH$mZm
nyVZmH$V^jUoZ ^JdXmpVO`-O$bm^md$nm V`oZ gmH$ nmZoZ
AZme`V(I). dOOZmZm ZXH$moY$nm Vm ajmH$aUoZ AZme`V(J). lrmVMaUmZm
nyVZmH$Vmond-^`$nm Vm VZnmZoZ Zme`mMH$ma(K). nyVZm`m: AnamYoZ
H$Vm w`^md$nm VH$V-YymJJY-H$Q>ZZo H$VwpV`mnZoZ AZme`V(L>).

53

Ed nM(H$-I-J-K-L){dm{^ nM(H$-I-J-K-L)ndmpH$m A{dm AZme`V. VX

CV-

::yb::
lr^mJdV-JyT>mW-H$meZ-nam`U:7&&

""ZX: n{W dM: emao:'' (^mJ.nwam.10&6&1).

(I)
""mU: g amofgpdVmo A{n~V'' (^mJ.nwam.10&6&10).
(J)
""B{V U`~m{^:...'' (^mJ.nwam.10&6&30).
(K)
""nm`{`dm VZ mVm'' (^mJ.nwam.10&6&30).
(L>)
""Xh`mZ` Xoh` Yy M AJwgma^:'' (^mJ.nwam.10&6&34).

::Q>rH$m::
(1)lr^mJdV... B{V, "lr^mJdV'nXmV VXod EVmJ} yb B{V
CV. ZZw lr^mJdV A`a{n `m`m`VEd. `{X Vm{n A` mJ: H$Q>mo
^doV VXm A`a{n km`oVd B{V eLH$m{Zamgm` Amh: JyT>mW... B{V, `{n
gda{n lr^mJdV `m`m`VEd VWm{n V`mo JyT>: gdmkmVmo `mo AW:
$bmJu`ewnw{>mJu`$b$n VVH$meZo VmH$Q>H$aUo nam`U:
VXoH${dMma{Z>:. EVoZ lr^mJdVJyT>mW{dMmaH$doZ gmjm$bmJu`-nw{>mJH$Q>Z-gm` AmMm`mUmod, Z A`ofm, EVmJmkmZmX A{dMmaH$d
B{V kmnZm` CV lr^mJdVJyT>mWH$meZnam`U B{V, ZZw lr^mJdVo
w`mXoa{n $bd{Z$nUmV H$W ^d{Mm[aV`d $bd B{V MoV, g`,
lr^mJdVo ewnw{>mJu`$b`d $bdH$WZmX EV`d $bd Z A``o{V
ewH$a{n lr^mJdV` ""{ZJH$nVamo'' (^mJ.nwam.1&1&3) B{V bmoHo$
$b{Z$nUo ""{n~V ^mJdV agmb`'' (Vd) B{V EVmJu`$b`d
$bd {Z${nV Z A``o{V EV`d $bd. ZZw ""{n~V ^mJdV ag
Amb`'' B{V nX: H$W V`d $bd Am`m{V? B{V MoX A dXm: :
lr^mJdV` eXmH$dmV ldU`d mVdmV "eUwV' B{V nX AZwdm
`X ""ag {n~V'' B{V CV VoZ lr^mJdVo eX{Vnm: H$MZ AgmYmaUmo
agmo ApV B{V km`Vo. V` {dMmao {H$`mUo ""V`d hoVmo `VoV''
(^mJ.nw a m.1&5&18) B{V bmo H o $ ^Vmdo d nw f`Z` CVdmV
lr^mJdV{Vnmmo agmo ^pVagEd B{V {ZMr`Vo. V` nmZ AV:doeZ
`Wm ~{h:pWVXw YmXo w I mam AV:do e Zo d nmZ VWm
lr^mJdV{Vnm^pVag`m{n AV:doeZod nmZ. `{n lr^mJdVo
""^pV`moJmo ~h{dY'' (^mJ.nwam.3&29&7) B{V AZoH${dY^pV`moJ
Vm$bgmYH$mo {Z${nVmo ApV, VWm{n lr^mJdVo Z V` w`d
w`m{X$bgmYH$dmV. lr^mJdV{Vnm-^pVag` Amb`dH$WZoZ A
"AmL>' B f XW d mMH$do Z "b`'nX` M w p VdmMH$do Z
w`{YH$$bgmYH$dmV ewnw{>mJu`$b`d $bd Z A``o{V

(H$)

B`m{XZm&&7&&
::CWm{ZH$m::
(1)ZZw VH${Q>Vewnw{>mJ` dH$s`mZm VmJm}V$bmZw^dmV gdVmo
A`{^Mm[amm`kmZ A`od VWm{n AmMm`d$nmkmZdVm npS>VmZm{n
H$Xm{MV Vd{VVewnw{>mJ} VybmkmZmX Amm`eLH$m ^do{X{V
Vmm`mW dH${Q>VmJ` gybdkmnZmW VybkmZH$meH$d Amh:(2)...
(3)ZZw ""eaUmJVo@{n ^mdmoX`o g{V BX $b ^doX'' B{V CV, gEd Ho$Z
H$maoU ^doV? OmVo dm $bg~Yn`V Ho$Z H$maoU {V>oV? `oZ BVa`mgoZ
{V~Ymo Z ^doV V Amh:(4/H$)H$: `Z:?
(4/I)ZZw EVZm`-^mdH$WZ ^JdX{dMm[aV CV ^d{aod C`Vo?
V Amh:(5)nyd `X CV Xdmoma`Zmm B{V V `Z Amh(6)V AmZXXmZ Amh(7)gVm`m`mW~moYH$ Zm Amh:-

54

55

mUnydH${VnmXZgm` AmMm`mUmod Z A`ofm{n B{V kmnZm` Amh:

lr^mJdVJyT>mWH$meZnam`U B{V.
(2)lr^mJdVem` JyT>mo JwVmo `mo V` H$meZo `VrH$aUo nam`U
CwV: VVH$meZo na CH$> A`Z `` B{V dm. VVH$meZnamo
^ydm Am A`Vo Bh H$Q>r^d{V B{V dm. CV M V: ""AW V` {ddo{MVw''
(gw~mo.1&1&1H$m.5) B{V bmoHo$.
(3)lr^mJdVJyT>mW... B{V, lr^mJdVo `o JyT>mWm: nw{>$bg~pYZmo
brbmag^mdm: VVH$meZo nam`U: VXoH${Z>:. {ZaVa dr`mZm AW} Vmdm
~{h:H$WZoZ H$m`Vo B{V ^md:. EVoZ `o-`o ^mdm: brbmg~pYZmo {Z${nVm
{ZaVa VN>dUoZ VH$Wmg`m VmdmoX`:. VV VX`{VaoHo$U gd A`m
$b{V~YH$dmZmdy${V:. VXm Vgd`mJoZ $bg~Ym^mdO{ZVm`m
{d{dYbrbmag-^md^mdZ`m Vmg{d{e>-brbmZwgYmZoZ {ZaVa V{ahmZw^d
Hw$dZ Ho$dbd$nmH$ {V>oV. Ed {V>V: $bo {V~Ymo Z ^doX B{V
km{nV. {H$M lr^mJdVmoV^mdH$WZoZ EVmJmUyb{n CV.
(4/H$)lr^mJdV... B{V.
(4/I)lr^mJdV...B{V lr^mJdV` `mo JyT>mW: V` `V H$meZ
gd^mdoZ H$WZ VpZ nam`U B{V AW:. ^JdX{dMm[aVEd na JyT>doZ
Vd$n {dZm VXkmZmV Ho$Zm{n H$m{eVw Z `mo` VpZ nam`U B{V AW:.
VXH$WZo AZmVd `mV. `m ^JdVmo A` ^mJdVmo ^JdX^md: nw>mH$:,
V` `mo JyT>mW: VH$maoU ^OZ VVH$meZo VWm. AWdm lr^mJdVo JyT>mo
^JdmZ VXWH$meZ d` VpZ VWm B{V ^md:. `m lr^Jd`m: BX
^mJdV, dm{`m: `mo ^mdmo mZm{X: VpZ JyT>: ^w: V` nwZ: obZo
H$meZo nam`U: B{V AW:. lrdm{Zr^md-JyT>mWH$meZmo `mo ^JdmZ
VpZ nam`U: B{V AW:. dm{Zr^mdJyT>mo `: "H$U'eX: V` AW:
nw{>mJ} Vd B`m{X:, VpZ VWm B{V AW:. dm{Zr^mdo JyT>mW: emamX`:
Vofm H$aUoZ H$meZoZ VWm B{V AW:. dm{Zr^mdo JyT>mWm} ^JdH$VeJmamX`:
Vofw VWm B{V ^md:.
(5)lr^mJdV... B{V, lr^mJdVmWkmZoZd Cma. gVw JyT> V`
H$meZo nam`U Vna gW B{V `mdV. VoZ EV`ZH$aUgm`
56

EVofmod B{V CV. nwfmom V`M Xe{dYbrbm nw{>^pV^mdm M Vofm

gd}fm {ZJwUdoZ {Z`doZ {VnmXZ M JyT>mW.
(6)lr^mJdVJyT>mW... B{V, lr^mJdV` H$Wm$nmWmX A{V[aVmo
JyT>mo ` AmZX` hao brbm$nmo AWm} A{^Yo` V` ^`m X`ofw H$meZ
VVnam`U VXoH$`moOZ B{V AW.
(7)lr^mJdV-Jy T > m W - H$meZ-nam`U: B{V, ^JdV: Bo
^mJdVm:, {l`M Vo ^mJdVmM lrmVMaU^V`: Vofm JyT>mo AkmVmo
AW: d` VZnmZoN>m$n:, V` amoXZoZ eH$Q>nmVZoZ M H$meZo na
A`Z MaUMmbZ `` g: VWm. VX CV ""XZ VZmWu MaUm CX{jnV''
(^mJ.nwam.10&7&7). `m lr^mJdVmZm JyT>mo AkmV dgwVmhm`$nmo
AW: V` H$meZmW na A`Z D$dJZ ``. VX CV ""EH$Xm
Amamoh Am$T>'' (^mJ.nwam.10&7&18) B{V CnH$` ""dgwXoddMmo ^y`mo
mZ`mmg {dpV'' (^mJ.nwam.10&7&33) B`oVoZ. `m lr^mJdVmZm
JyT>: dmV:pWVmpIb-~mS>$nmo AW: V` H$meZo nam`U: Vna:
gW: B{V `mdV. VX CV ""nrVm`` OZZr gm V` {MapV''
(^mJ.nwam.10&7&35) B`m{XZm.
::CWm{ZH$m::
(1)ZZw nw{>mJu`$b` w`mXo Am{Y`H$WZoZ d$nmZXmH$dmV
VXZw^d: H$W B{V AmH$mm`m AZw^dH$mahoVw^yV Zm Amh:(2)...
(3)ZZw B`Xd{Y BJwU{d{e> ~ B{V Ho$Zm{n Z {Z${nV. ` AdVmao
d$nm{X `Vo V gJwUdod {Vnm{XV. VV H$W Be gmjmX ~
B{V V` $bd{n B{V C`Vo V Amh:(4/H$)H$mo JyT>mW:?
(4/I)EVZm-gmYZr^yV A{J Zm Amh:(5)ZZw {ZJwU` {ZamH$mad ly`Vo VV H$W gdbrbmonn{m? V Amh57

(6)ZZw na~Umo {ZamH$madoZ lwVdmV gJwU`d gmH$madoZ brbm

g^dVr{V brbmH$meZo@{n Z nyUmZXmpV? AV Amh(7)A>m`m`mW~moYH$ Zm Amh:::yb::
gmH$ma~dmXH$WmnH$mo8 doXnmaJ9&&8&&
::Q>rH$m::
(1)gmH$ma... B{V, gmH$ma `X ~ V` dmX: gmonn{mH$ H$WZ B{V
`mdV. V`d w`doZ WmnH$: {VnmXH$ B{V AW:. A "EH$'eXmo
w`dmMr. gmH$mad Cdm `X ~d {Z${nV VX, `Wm ~ Ho$dbmZX`
VWm VH$aMaUmXrZm{n Ho $ dbmZX`d km{nV . gmH$madH$WZo Z
nw{>mJu`$b` gd}p`mdmd $bmZw^dH$ma B{V CV ^d{V. AVEd
lrdOgrpVZr{^a{n lw{V$nm{^ AZoH$lw{Vg`m ""AjdVm $b
BX'' (^mJ.nwam.10&18&7) B{V bmoHo$ A`od $bmZw^dH$ma CV:. VoZ
Z AZw n nZ {H$pMV . ZZw B`Xd{Y gd e mmW { dMmaH $ a{n ~ U:
gmH$mad{Z$nUmV H$W AmMm`mUmod gmH$mad{Z$nH$d B{V AmeLH$
V Cnn{m Amh: doXnmaJ: B{V, A A` Ame`mo : ~Umo Abm{H$H$dmV,
MjwamXrZm bm{H$H$mUdmV, Z Mjwam{XJ`d ~{U g^dVr{V, lwVrZm
Abm{H$H$mUdoZ, lwV`Ed ~{U mU{{V V{Vnmod ~. VmVw
""g... BjmMHo$... VmX EH$mH$s Z aVo... g {Vr` EoN>V. g h
EVmdmZ Amg'' (~h.Cn.1&4&2-3) B{V gmH$madod {Z$n`pV. JrVmgwM
""gdV: nm{UnmXmV'' (^J.JrVm.13&13) B`m{XZm M gmH$madod
C`Vo. ZZw {ZamH$madm{X{^a{n {ZamH$ma{VnmXZo ""AWyb AZUw Ad''
(~h.Cn.3&8&8) B`mm: lwV`Ed mUdoZ Ar{H$`VB{V H$W Z
{ZamH$mad{g{? B{V MoX, A dXm:, {ZamH$mad{Vnm{XH$mA{n lwV`mo
~ {U Xo d mmH$madV mH $ VmH$mado d {Zfo Y pV, ZVw AmZXmH$anmXwImoXam{Xd. `{X gdWm {ZamH$madod lw`{^oV `mV VXm {ZamH$mad
58

Cdm{n AJo ""g BjmMHo$'' (Vd) B`m{XZm AmH$ma Zd {VnmX`o`w:.

AVEd `mggy{n ""H$VVmdd {h {VfoY{V VVmo ~dr{V M ^y`''
(~.gy.3&2&4) B{V. A` AW: : H$V mH$V `X EVmdd gmH$mad VV
{VfoY{V {ZamH$malw{V: ZVw AmZXH$mH$mad. V hoVw: VVmo ~dr{V M
^y` B{V. VVmo AJo ^y`: nwZa{n ""g BjmMHo$'' B`m{XZm gmH$madod
dXVr{V
{ZamH$madm{XZm
`pH$pMN > {VkmZddo @ {n
gd e mIr`mo n {ZfkmZm^mdmV , Vmgw M H$ma^o X o Z ~ {Z$nUmV . V
nana{damoYn[ahmanydH$ {df``dWm `V {g{V Vme ~ B{V V`.
{ZamH$madm{XZm gd e mIr`mo n {ZfV - Vmn` k mZm^mdmV d~w Zw g mao U
`pH$pMN>{VVmn` d{gmVmZwgmaoU H$n{`dm (Vo) {ZamH$ma dXVr{V
Z VXwV mU. AmMm`Vw gdemIr`mon{Zfmmn`` {damoYn[ahmaoU AdJmV
VM gmH$ma`d {Z$nUmV VV gd AdJ`d gmH$mad CV B`V
Amh: doXnmaJ: B{V&&8&&
(2)gmH$ma~dmXH$WmnH$ B{V, {ZamH$mad{ZamH$aUnydH$ gmH$ma
~ ` C`Vo g gmH$ma~dmX: gM Agm EH$M V` WmnH$mo T>H$Vm
B{V AW:. EH$M Agm WmnH$M B{V dm. Z{h A`` Ed{dY gm`
ApV. doXnmaJ: B{V, doXmZm nma n`dgmZ JVdmZ kmVdmZ B{V AW:&&8&&
(3)gmH$ma... B{V, BJwU{d{e>od gmjmX ~ B{V w`V`m WmnH$mo
A`V VX{Y>mZ. ZZw Ho$Z mUoZ C`Vo? doXnmaJ: B{V, Vme ~
""`Vmo dmMmo {ZdVVo'' (V{m.Cn.2&4&1) B{V lw`m lw`J`dmV VXVJV
Z ApV {H$Vw VnmaV B{V AdJ`Vo. AV: AmMm`mA{n dmn{VdoZ
doXnmaVm VnmEdo{V `me ~ Vmeod {Vnm{XV. Z{h H$`{MV
dd$nH$WZo A`mUm{XH$ Ano { jV ^d{V. `m AVEd
gVdoXmWnmaVm: `V V AmZXmmH$madod {Vnm{XV E{^a{n VWd
{Vnm{XV{{V lw { V: mU CV . A`o f m EVmed$nmkmZmX
doXnmaVd{n ZmVr{V gy{MV. {H$M ` gdnM`d ~$nd
{Vnm{XV, V gmjmnwfmomo nyU} ~{U H$Uo AmZXmmH$mao qH$ dV`
B{V ^mdmo@{n gy{MV:&&8&&
59

(4/H$)gmH$ma... B{V, V`d doXmWdm` doXnmaJ B{V.

(4/I)gmH$ma... B{V, AmH$mag{hV `X ~ V` `mo dmX: V`
EH$doZ WmnH$: B{V AW:. nydZmpZ JyT>mW-H$meZd CV Vmw
eXmH$` ^d{V V` AmH$mam^mdmX B{V H$`{MV eLH$m `mV VXW
CV gmH$ma... B{V, gmjmX AmH$ma: gmH$ma: VoZ AmZX`mH$ma: B{V
AW:. A "~'nXmonmXmZoZ doXmVEd "~'nX nwfmomdmMH$ Z A` VX
CV AmMm`: ""doXmVo M'' B`ma` ""~o{V namo{V ^Jdm{Z{V
eXVo'' (V.Xr.{Z.1&6) B`VoZ. ApZ ZmpZ gmjmXwn{ZfndOS>ZmoV-gmH$ma-nwfmomdmX-WmnH$: B{V AW:. `m gmH$mamo ^JdmZ,
`V: gmjmX AmH$madd Z A`, Vg{hV `X ~ lw{V: Cn{Zfnm: A`
dm{`:, Vmgm `mo dmX: ag$n:, dnjWmnZnydH$-^Jdnj{ZamH$aU$nmo `Wm $bH$aUo ""dmJV dmo...'' (^mJ.nwam.10&26&18) B`m{XdMZ{ZamH$aU ""d {d^mo Ah{V...''(^mJ.nwam.10&26&31) B`m{X V`
EH$doZ VgmOm` H$dm Wmn`{V B{V ^md:. AWdm gmH$mam dm{Zr
Vg{hV `X ~ V` dmX EVnj-WmnZnydH$m`nj-{ZamH$aUmH$:,
V` w`doZ VWm B{V AW. ZZw {ZamH$madm{XZr lw{V ly`Vo VoZ
gmH$maWmnH$d lw`m C`Vo dm? CV d^mdH$pnVdoZ B` Amh doXnmaJ
B{V, doX` nma JN>{V B{V AW:. VoZ `ofm doX` `V {H$pMV kmZ VmV
Vo {damoY-n[ahmam^mdoZ gmH$ma {ZamH$ma dXpV. doXoVw gmH$maEd C`Vo B{V
AW:. {ZamH$madVw mH$VmH$ma-a{hVd CnnmX`pV lwV`:. AWdm doXmV
namo ^JdmZ V` ^md: nma:, V JN>{V B{V AW:. `m doX$nm: dOgrpV`:
aggwmpH$m: VVnma$n: ^w: V JN>{V B{V ^md:&&8&&

(^mJ.nwam.10&25&16) B` {Z${nV. V{ V` ObmH$ B{V. VWmM

`Wm ^JdVm ObmX doXm CVm VWm EVa{n {ZpIbdoXObam{e AdJmh`
agmH$-gmH$ma~dmX CV B{V gy{MV. `m `mdVmo doXm nw{>`mXm^oXoZ
{{dYmA{n, Vofm gd}fmod (nmaJ) w`mWm{^k. `mXm doXmZm w`mo
AW. gmH$ma{VnmXZ ""AmZX ~Umo $n'' ( ) ""` Efmo AVam{X`o''
(hmZm.Cn.10&1) B`m{X$n. nw { >lw V rZm ""AjdVm ' '
(^mJ.nwam.10&18&7) B` {Z${nV. VoZ gmH$maWmnZ gddoX{g B{V
{Z${nV . `m agmH$gmH$ma~ Umo ""`Vmo dmMmo {ZdV Vo ' '
(V{m.Cn.2&4&1) B{V lwVo bmoH$doXmVrVdmV gddoXnmaWd VXdmXWmnH$
VnmaJEd ^dVr{V Zm`o Z gy { MV . AVEd EVX`` ~ mXo a {n
VnmaJdm^mdmX "EH$'nX&&8&&
(6)gmH$ma... B{V, "EH$'nXoZ A`od dmXmo A`oVw AndmXm B{V
^md. ""AZw^dH$J`m bmXH$`r'' (.:H$m..1&1) B{VdX "EH$'nX`
nyd Ad`. V{h doXo ""Anm{UnmXd'' (doVm.Cn.3&19) H$W C`Vo?
B{V AmeLH$ AdmVadm`mZm hmdm`mWmZwgmaoUd {ZU`` C{MVdmX,
hmdm`mWkmZ M ApIbdoXkmVwaod ^dVr{V Vd Amh doXnmaJ B{V,
Am`$ndmX B{V ^md&&8&&

(5)gmH$ma... B{V, {dgdYml` {ZJwUod gmH$ma ~ B{V `mo

dmX gM Agm EH$M. `m V` EH$Ed w`WmnH$. ZZw WmnZVw
doXmYrZ V Hw$m{n {dg{V MoV VV Z ^doX B{V AmeL>` Amh doXnmaJ
B{V, ^JdmXm`$ndoZ ""doXM gd Ahod domo doXmVH$X doX{dXod
Mmh'' (^J.JrVm.15&15) B{V dm`mV gddoXmZm nmaJ. nmaVw ZmXrZm
g^dVr{V doXmZm Ob$nd{n CV. Vmw ""VoVw ~X ZrVm...''

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69

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70

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110

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136

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146

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go`{V B{V H$W nwpQ>$b ^JdXL>JrH$mamoUd erK ^doV V Amh(4/H$)AgmYZgmYZ~moYZm`...
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B` Amh(5)EVkmnH$ Zm Amh(6)V H$ma Amh(7)nMnMmeX`m`mW~moYH$ Zm Amh148

::yb::
H$UZmgh` dVm55 ^Vnam`U56
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149

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150

(6)H$U... B{V, ZmZm gXmZXdmMH$dmV eaUg{V{g{H$dH$WZmmw

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(^mJ.nwam.10&55&57), ""A`mM Ed{dYm ^m`m H$U` AmgZ
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nm[aOmV`

151

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::yb::
^$`mMmamonXoemWZmZmdm`{Z$nH$57

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(7)gVnMmeX`m`mW~moYH$ Zm Amh152

153

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lw{V{VnwamUZmZmdm`{Z$nH$. A`Wm ~{hwI
mZm VXwnXoeo Amm` ^mgoV.
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155

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156

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201

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202

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208

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248

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263

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273

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275

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276

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279

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280

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Zw`ofw gdVw gm~m`-gHw$bgyVdm{XZm ko`. A `{n ApZdo
aggwg~Ymo {d VWm{n Abm{H$H$doZ dS>dmZbdX A{damoY:&&1&&
Ed AmXw^mdo hX A{Z> B{V Amh: Zm{d^y` mX B{V. ^dV Am{d^md:
mH$Q> MoX `{X Z ^doV VXm Bo ZwOm: H$W{n KmofmYre Zd mZw`w:,
gfm Xdr g{> `Wm `mX B{V Ad`:. VXod nM`pV A{YYa{UVb
B{V Ya{UVb A{YH$` Ama`, ^yVZmWmo VoZ C{XV: VmgZw`m{Xfw
Cn{X>:. VmX C{XVmo dm `mo AgmJ: nmfS>mJm} mohH$em. BX gd
dmamho
(2)
^rH$amo{V B{V ^md:. H$m`m``m{YX{dH$ B{V ^md:. hV Abm{H$H$d$n
{d`moJmZm Vmmn$ndmV d`od AZm{V ^moJ H$amo{V B{V ^md:. EVoZ
JwUmVrVr^mdmH$r^mdH$aoUw$n B{V ^md:. V Ah eaU no (B{V)
d` VN>aUJZmo`m nmR>H$VUm eaUJZ ``Vo. VoZ EVmed$n
kmdm eaUr` B{V km{nV. gZw`mH${V B{V gmpdH$^mdmnZ:
gXmH$Zw`: nwfmom VXmH${V `` B{V AW:. `m `mo ^ym gw`mH${V:
mXwamgrV nwfmom V`d AmmZw^md` agmH$` dmMm`aUmH$`
H$Q>ZmWX`` hVme VmnmH$ no B{V ^md:&&1&&
Ed g ` mo J ag$nXbo Z nw ^mdmHo $ Z Y{ $n {Z$`
{Vr`agmH$Xb$nr^mdmH$Y{$n Amh: Zm{d^y`mX B{V. ho Xod
H$sS>m$n ddmZa VmnmH$ ^dmZ Vmn$noU MoV Z Am{d^y`mX
A{YYa{UVb ndr A{YH$`, VXm {{dYm{n Xdr g{> dWm ^y`mX.
^yVZmWmo{XVm
KmofmYre VXoo H$W{n ZwOm mZw`wa Zd Xdr-

(1)

(1)
nmfS>mon{mH$WZmdgao ""d M hm~mhmo mohemm{U H$ma`...''
(... & & ) B`mXm n>. VoZ `X dmV AkmZ dVwVdm{ZM` VZd

290

291

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doXmJ} pWVmA{n {ZJnWJVm doXmJn[akmZo AYVw`mEd B{Vdm. EVoZ
CmgmYZo@{n Z ^JdmpV B{V gy{MV. {H$M XodgJ} gmpdH$g>m
CnZmA{n. EVoZ Cmm{YH$m[ado@{n ^JdXdVaU {dZm Z ^JdmpV B{V
gy{MV. {H$M ""m ^yVgJm bmoHo$ ApZ'' (^J.JrVm.16&6) B`m{Xfw
dm`{YH$m[aUr `m Xdr g{>: gm{n `Wm `mV. Z{h ^JdmpVVaoU
Xdr g{>: g$bm ^d{V ZM ^dmH$Q>VaoUm{n VmpV B{V `wV
d``. VXod n>r{H$`Vo

{ZO$ba{hVm B`ZoZ, {ZO w`. Xod moVmZ~mbH$sS>m{Xnam B{Vdm.

ddmZa {ddo gd}@{n AZwH$`m Zam `` B{V. AZoZ H$m` gy{MV,
gkmeXdmX Z A`V `wn`mJh:&&2&&
nyd {ZJnWJVmd{n AmpV B{V CV BXmZt dVwV VnWJ{Va{n
A`ofw ZmpV VdV Vn[akmZm^mdmV {H$Vw ^dXYrZod VX B{V Amh:
Zh`` B{V, dmMm AYremo ddmZamo ""ApZ o dmM'' ( . & & ) B{V
lwVo:. dmJYremX A`: lw{Vgyh$ndMgm

(2)
OrdZmWmo ^JdmZ, VXwVm ""Xdr gnX {dmojm`'' (^J.JrVm.16&5&)
B`mwVm. XodgJ}@{n OmVm: ZwOm: `mXmXdm H$W{n Aem{X^oXZo m{n
YmofmYre Z mZw`w B{V AW:. `mWm`oZ dgo`d$nmkmZmX Aem{Xfw
nwfmom^mV Z mZw`w . ""`mo A`Wm gV AmmZ A`Wm {VnVo''
(hm^m.1&68&26) B{V dm`o Z {dnarVo d `mV . {ZJnWJVm
nw{>l{w V$ndO{dbm{g`wVmJJVm mJmVm m`W XodgJ} H$sS>mgJ} OmVmA{n
Ordm: nw{>mJu`m: gmJdmVmYVw`m: A`o `o AgmJm Vnmo `mo
AYH$ma Vo Z AYVw `m: gVmo Kmo e mYre Z mZw ` w . ZZw
nw{>mJu`Xdg>wnZmZm H$W A`mJmoh: `mX B{V MoX, BW : ""dmJV
dmo...'' (^mJ.nw a m.10&26&18) B`ma` ""{V`mV VVmo JhmZ''
(^mJ.nw a m.10&26&27) B`V ^JdXw Vm`mJ mo h mo ^do V ,
Vmgm{`H$agmn{`H$dpW{VnjmWH$mkmZoZ. VXm Vmgm ^m`oZ VWm g~Ymo
A^yV na Ed A`ofm Z ^{d`Vr{V Z d{m ^doX B{V ^md:. VXWod
AmMm` ""^JdVmo A{VXwamndo@{n VXme`m
g{>a `Wm M ^y`mZ {ZO$ba{hVm Xod ddmZafm&&2&&
Zh``mo dmJYremM N>{VJUdMgm ^md AmkmVw B>o

(2)
VX^OZ A`^OZa{hV Hw$d{aod gd: Wo` B{V ^pVmJ{ZH$f''
(gw~mo.10&44&60) B`m{X AJm{X. ^wMaUa{n {dS>Zo ""VXme`m VWm
MoX ^OZ H$amo{V VXm ^JdmZ{n AL>JrH$amo{V'' ({d..{Z`br.50)
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`mV VXm A`g{>: d$ba{hVm `mX `Wm{n `mX B{V ``Vo. Vg{>`o
EVg{>gLH$bZoZd Vg>o: gmWH$d. A`Wm Ordg~Ya{hVXohg{> M
`Wm `mV. A "ddmZa'nXoZ BX ``Vo : `Wm ^JdVm CV ""Ah
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(1)
(1)
292

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AJ V : nw a V: H$Q> ` {V ZVw dd m {XJw dJm U m{n. Ed Am{n
lw{Vn{VdVmYred` d`od gdmX. AVmo hoVmo ho "lrdb^m'{^Y
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mH$Q>o@{n H$W Z m Vofw? AV Amh: {ZgJ... B{V, {ZgJV:
d^mdVEd, {Xe[anwV`m AmgwaV`m, AmgwamUm A`WmdJmo Z Xmof:.
A`Wm d^mdnamh{VgJ: ""dqV M {Zdqm M OZm Z {dXw Amgwam''
(^J.JrVm.16&7) B`m{XdMZ M {d`oV. {H$M Z{h AkmZm Vofw A{nVw
gdXm Xw:I{n B{V Amh Ho$db gwIgMmaa{hV `Wm `mV VWm {Z`Xw:Im1
{Z` AZdaV Xw:Iod `ofm. $bXem`m{n Vo Vmem:&&3&&
(2)
Z h`` B{V, dmJYremX ^JdwIma{dXmX A` lw{VJUdMgm
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^d{V B{V AW. Hw$V? `mV gmdr nVrdVm dn`waod AJo d^md
H$Q>`{V; Vm{n dYy ZdmoT>m B{V AW. VmV H$maUmV "lrdb^m'`,
"lr'eXoZ dm{Zr C`Vo. VX"db^'B{V Am`m Zm `` VoZ "db^o'{V
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A`Wm $n`pV H$W`pV `o ^ m Vm Vo {ZgJ { Xe[anw V `m
gmh{OH$Xodof^mdoZ Amgwa^mdoZ
1."Ho$dbmYVmoJm' B` "Ho$db {Z`Xw:Im' B{V nmR>: lraKwZmWmZm.
mXw^yVoZ ^ym dOn{V-MaUm^moOgodm`-dmH$Q>
`V H$V Vo VXwV {ZOH$Vo lrhVmeo{V `o&&
`mXpZ pWVmo `pH${n H$W{n dm`wnmhVw{ N>-

nyd AmH$Q>o hX A{Z> Cdm BXmZt mH$Q>o hX B> B{V Amh:

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V` mH$Q> H$meZ `V H$V VX CV A{n {ZOH$Vo d^VmWod ZVw
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(2)
Ho$dbmYVmoJm AYV{g J{`pV B{V AW. `m {Xe[anwV`m
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Eod`Vm n>d . ^JdVmo@{n Eod`^mdmo A`od `X dO{dbm{gZrdMZmoV`m`oZ
gaU lrXmMm`mUm{n VXdMZ^mdkd{Z$nUoZ ag$nd`^mdmo {Z${nV&&3&&
Ed Eod`$n {Z$` H$s{Vd$n Amh: mXw^yVoZ B{V mXw^yVoZ
^dVm dOn{VMaUm^moOgodm`dmH$Q> ^ym `V H$V Vo d`m VX
CV B{V {ZM`oZ {ZOH$Vo lrhVme B{V Ah `o. Hw$V:? `mX ApZ
mJ} pWVmo Ordmo `V {H${n ZVw Cmod. H$W{n ^mdmH$dd$noU
^dm`oZ dm. dm{n dXmdZo ^mdmH$dJho dm. CnmhVw Cn grno
AmhVw g{nVw AmgVmV dH$VmWVmW} gmXdoZ JhUmW Cn grnEd
BN>{V
`m VX Jmo{nHo$e ddXZH$bo Mmhmgo H$amo{V&&4&&
CUdH$-d^mdmo@`{V-{e{ea-dMnwO-nr`yf-d{>a
(1)
JmonrHo$e Am gmjmXod Z ~mUwIm{Xmam ddXZH$bo H$amo{V {Z{jn{V.
A dXZo{V CnbjU. VoZ `X ` Cn^moJm` Cn`w`Vo V` V Cn^moJ
H$amo`od B{V ^md:. H$seo? Mmhmgo gwXahmg`wVo&&4&&

(1)
294

295

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Ed EH$mo AgmYmaU: d^mdmo `` Vmemo@{n d A ApZ bmoHo$
A{V{e{eam A`VerVbm `o dM:nwOm: ^VVmnZmeH$dmV

Vgm`dmMH$mV MH$mamV. H$U$nd{n ZVw ^yVXodd mH$VmpZ$nd.

Hw$V EVV? lrdOOZ{ZM`o ^Vgyho AmZXX gwIXm`H$ AmgwamZo:
nmfS>mJ$nmZo: ZmeH${n. Vm{n XmdmpZ-

(2)
VX Am gmjmX Jmo{nHo$e: ddXZH$bo Mmhmgo Zmohahm`g{hVo
dg~YmV H$amo{V ^moOZ B{V eof:. A` ^mdmo : ^JdmZ `X ^wL>Vo
Vdm{ZrwIg~`od VmV nyd d^moOZmV dmWod B{V AW:. AVEd
A^wMaU: gnUmWH$n`oZ nwfmomd ""^mfU...'' (godmbmo.15)
B`ma` ""Zmg~YVmo ^doX'' (godmbmo.16) B`ZoZ. "dOn{V'nXoZ
nwfmomd ~mo`Vo. MaUmZm "A^moO'dmo`m VgodmH$mJm}`m
nw { > $nVm mJ ` C`Vo . ""`V VZofw {dOh: n[aa` Vmn''
(^mJ.nwam.10&44&62) B`wVH$maoU B{V AW:. "mXw^yV'd{deofoUoZ
mXw ^ m d ` ^JdXW H $do Z mJ ` dmW H $Vm {^Z$no U ``Vo
dXZH$bmo`m. VM a{dH$ag~YmXod Cw$b gV dagH$meH$ ^d{V
VWm VmnmH$^dg~pYgmJr^moOZEd ^w gZmo ^ydm dagXmZ H$amo{V
B{V ``Vo. AVEd "Mmhmg'd wI{deofU CV. ^JdH$s{V B`od
`X ^Vofw H$nm H$amo{V. Bh M gd ^moOZmW mJmH$Q>`oZ VWmd, VoZ
H$s{V$nVm n>d&&4&&
Ed H$s{V$nd {Z$` Vmn$ndoZ {Z$nUmV gd}fm VWmdo ^V: H$W
go`: `mX? ApZd{Z$nUoZ hmXod$nd ^{d`{V
AmV}d`wJmohmgwaZfw `wJnV Vmn` Hw$dZ&&
dpZ H$Um`Vm d H$Q>`{g M Zmo ^yVXodd EVV
`mX AmZXX lrdOOZ{ZM`o ZmeH$ MmgwamZo&&5&&

(2)
B{V eLH$m {ZamHw$dZ `e:d$n {Z$n`pV CUdH$d^md... B{V,
CUdod Vmn$ndod EH$: d^mdmo {d`moJXbmH$`{^Mma([a)^md.
EVmemo A{n Vg`o @ {n AmV} f w ^mdmH$Xmgr^mdmVVgm{`H$XeZO`-Xw:I^aoU ^JdpbZmWHo$fw A{V{e{eadM:nwO
nr`yfd>r: VXwVH$maoU ^JdpbZmWH$JZ$nerVbVdMZmZm `: nwO:
gyhEd nr`yf AV V` `m d>r: gdmgoMZ Vnm B{V AW:. VWd A{V
A`V CJmo mohmo `ofm Vg{hVm@@gwa$nm: `o Zam: Vofw Vmn{n Hw$dZ
A ApZ mJ} `wJnXod ^Vofw nr`yfd{> BVaofw Vmn Hw$dZ dpZ
H$Um`Vm H$Q>`{g H$Q> r H$amo { f B{V AW : . MH$mao U w ` $n
VmdmH$od na `wJnX EVmH$Q>Zo ^JdwIma{dX$nd{n H$Q>rH$amo{f
B{V ``Vo. `m `wJnXod d$n ^JdwI$n M H$Q>rH$amo{f VoZ
^mdmH$^VmZm VmVmnXyarH$aUmH$dd$n H$Q>`{g Agwaofw VmnH$aUoZ
^JdwI$nd B{V ^md:. hmXoddmn`meL>H$m`m Amh: Zmo ^yVXodd.
"^yVXod'dmo`m V` AmgwanmofH$d CV. EVmw VX{dnarV B{V Amh:
`mX EVV lrdOOZ{ZM`o dm{Zrg{hVdOOZgyho AmZXX dOOZmZm
dm{ZrAmZm`moV `X A^mo^dZ AZbVVM g` {d^mo `V
gJmXm ^yV$nmX A^dX AZbV nwH$a ^yV$n&&

(1)
{e{ead Vnod `V nr`yf V` d>r dfm AmV}fw gg{VVmnVVofw A`V
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EH$H$mbod Hw$dZ dVgo `V VV dpZ H$Um`Vm Ed H$Q>`{g

(1)
ZmeH$d {g ""nrdm wHw$XwIgmaK'' (^mJ.nwam.10&12&43)
B`mXm H$Um`` AmZXXm`H$d {dahmpZZmeH$d M w$Q>. H$Vo@{n
dOpWVmZm lw{V$ndmX Amgm M eXdoZ Am`H$`mnmamYrZdmV VndoZm{n
VXmZXXm`H$d C{MV&&5&&

296

297

ZZw AZo Abm{H$H$d AmH$Vd M lw{V{d B`V Amh:

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AL>JrH$V {d^mo gdH$aUgW, gJ` g>o: AmXm WVEd `X `mX
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H$maUm`{^Mm[admV.
(2)
gh^mdmo`m Vg~YoZd gd AmZXXmZ ``Vo. AVEd lrXmMm`MaU:
""VXmam nwfo ^doV'' (gw~mo.10&26&0H$m.2) B{V {Z${nV. AgwamZo M
ZmeH$ ^JdwI`d EV` `X wIma{dXoZ dOOZmZXXmZ Xmdm`m{XnmZ
M, Z hmXod`. VoZ VmH$Q>oZ H$Um`Vm Ed H$Q>`{g B{V AW:.
^JdV BXod `emo `X ^Vofw AmZXXmZoZ nmofU V{XVamUm ZmeH$d.
Bhm{n VWmdoZ `emo$nd B{V ^md:&&5&&
Ed `emo$n {Z$` lr$n Amh: AmZm`moV B{V, AZbV: AZo
A^mo^dZ Obmonqm `X AmZm`moV VV g`, `mV gJmXm g>ma^o
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gmYmaUg{>: MoX Abm{H$Ho$ VWm Z ^doV VXm lw`wV A`Wm `mV. VX
AJo {d^mo Vg`H$aUgW
AmZXH$d$nmV dX{Y^w `X^yV H$UgodmagmpY
AmZXH$d$nVXpIb C{MV hoVwgm` {h H$m`}&&6&&
dm{Z lrdb^mZo jU{n ^dV gpZYmZo H$nmV
(1)
VdVw VXnoj`m hXod dbj`. VXod Amh: AmZXH$...B{V, AmZXEd
EH$ d$n `` VmemV dX{Y^w dgH$memX ^d{V Om`Vo B{V, br~dmX
dVm. Be `V {H$pMX{n A^yV OmV. {H$M H$Ugodm AVgw M
VX BX ApIb H$m`OmV{n dO`dmV Vd `me d$n Vmeod
^{dVw C{MV ZVw A`Wm. Hw$V EVV? {h `mV H$m`} hoVwgm`
298

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mH$VmpZO`dmV mH$Vdod A^gm lwVm {VnmXZ AVw VX^mdmX Z
lw{V{damoY B{V ^md:&&6&&
dm{Z B{V, ho lrdb^m`mZo, ^dV: H$nmV: jU{n
(2)
AmZXH$d$nmV dV dm: A{Y^w ^wdZ A{YH$` `V H$UgodmagmpY
A^yV VV VmX agmYo AmZXH$d$n ApIb OJX A^yV VV H$m`}
ho V w g m` H$maUgm` C{MV {h B{V `w VdkmnZm`. VmnmH$mV
godmagmpYmH$Q>modm godmH$mJmH$Q> `V VV Vmn` `pH$pMV
dm`mW H$V B{V ``Vo. VXZVa AmZXH$$nVm M ^mo AmZX`dmXod.
VmX EVmJu`: godm M Edod H$V`m. agmYm e`mZ` ^mo: godZ
lr$nod AVEd ""brghbrbm{^: go`mZ'' (gw~mo.10&1&0H$m.1)
B{V AmMm` {Z${nV. Am{n godmagmpY`{Z$nUoZ lr$nVm n>d&&6&&
Ed lr$nVm {Z$` dam`$n Amh: dm{Z B{V, dm{Z ^mo
lrdb^mZo jU ^dV: gpZYmZo Z H $Q > o
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mUo>-dOmYrda-dXZ-{Xjm{V-Vmnmo OZofw&&
`V mXw^md AmZmo`w{MVVa BX `mw nMmXnrW
(1)
^dgpZYm gmr`o g{V mUmX A{n o>: {`V: dOmYrda V`
dXZ` `m {Xjm w> BN>m XeZmmVm g`m ` VO{ZV Am{VVmnmo
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AmgrV VpZ wIMo >o@{n nMmV VXZVa{n
(2)
299

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360

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361

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362

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363

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364

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366

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369

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371

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AJo (11&17&11)&&98&&

`kH$Vm.
OmZrV _mJV `k_ (11&13&38). H$mb H$_ M O_ (11&13&4).
Vmgm {dbjUmo Ord (11&13&27)&&94&&

dH$s{VdYZ.
d` g{MZw`mV gd (11&18&6). Bhm_w {MH$s{fVmV (11&18&26).
_`dqm H$n`oV (11&18&2). dfmdmgmafmS> Obo (11&18&4).
^`modmZnm{``m (11&18&45). Am_dmZ g_XeZ (11&18&20)
&&99&&

MVwdJ{demaX.
XrYMmMVw^Ow _ (11&14&38). dXpV H$U lo`m{g (11&14&1).
mU` emoY`o_mJ_ (11&14&33). Vofm {dH$nmYm`_ (11&14&1).
emVm _hmVmo@{IbOrddgbm (11&14&17). aj {H$nwfmX`
(11&14&6)&&95&&

Vdgy-^m`XeH$.
`mo {dmlwVgnZ (11&19&1). dMmo{^ Am{gM _hmZw^md
(11&19&10). H$mo@`mo@Wm}@`md{e`Vo (11&19&24). AOmVew nN>
(11&19&11). kmZ MH$m`XeZ_ (11&19&27). H$ e_ H$mo X_
H$U (11&19&28) &&100&&

g`{Vk.
_{` g`o _Zmo `wOVWm (11&15&26 Amkm{VhVmJ{V (11&15&7).
{H$mbkd_Xd Xd (11&15&8). {OVmdmg` `mo{JZ (11&15&1)&&96&&

_m`mdmXm`-VybmpZ.
nw_mZ ^dmpY Z VaoV (11&20&17). Z `m{V dJZaH$m (11&20&10).
{ZJ_oZ AndmXM (11&20&5). gm`oZ gd^mdmZm (11&20&22).
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H$W ZUm (11&20&3) &&101&&

{JwUmVrV.
gwnUm}@h nVpUm_ (11&16&15). JwUmZm Mm`h gm`_
(11&16&10). VrWmZm moVgm JLJm (11&16&20). YramUm Xodbmo@{gV
(11&16&28)&&97&&
Z`{demaX.

372

~__dmX{Z$nH$.
eX~_ gwXw~m}Y (11&21&36). namojdmXm F$f` (11&21&35).
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Xmofmo@H$_H$ _V (11&21&9) &&102&&

373

AmH$Vm{IbmH$n-^y{fV.
Anao nMqde{V_ (11&22&2). Ho${MV gVXe mh (11&22&3).
H$VoZm_Zmo JwUm (11&22&12). H${V Vdm{Z {ddoe (11&22&1).
d`m AZw^y`m A{Ib{g{g (11&22&31). Am_m `X Efm_ Anamo `
Am (11&22&31). {dH$n nwff^ (11&22&29). gd^mdoZ ^y[aX
(11&22&39). g`mVm{Z F${f{^ ^mo (11&22&1). YmZ_ybmX _hV
gyV (11&22&32) &&103&&
ghOp_V.
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(11&23&22). _aVm Y{V`wVoZ (11&23&5). B{Vhmg_ Bh Cd
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{bmoH$s^yfU.
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(11&24&13). Ef gm`{d{Y moV (11&24&29). H$maU {MX{M_`
(11&24&7)&&105&&

Aeof^V-gm`-MaUmO-aOmoYZ.
A`LJmo_XZmXe (11&27&35). B{V eofm _`m Xmm (11&27&47).
^V` M `Wm bY (11&27&15). g{jV dU{``m{_ (11&27&6).
{Od m` nwf (11&27&8). nmm`mM_Zr`mW (11&27&22). `mVo
gny` V_` (11&27&24). {H$`m`moJ g_mMd (11&27&1). ^Vm`
MmZwaVm` (11&27&5). EV{ gddUmZm (11&27&4). ^V` M `Wm
bY (11&27&15). `Xmh ^JdmZO (11&27&3). ~y{h {ddodaoda
(11&27&5). `Xmh ^JdmZO (11&27&3). ^JdXmamYZ ^mo
(11&27&1). gdm_mh_dpWV (11&27&48)&&108&&
B{V gdm}m_moma lr_X^mJdVmH$V&&
lr_XJmodm{_MaU gEdmZy{XVmo _`m&&1&&
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lr_X^mJdVXe_H$mXeH$X_`mV gdm}m_VmoZm_moma
g_mV

--*-^y{_^m`.
{MmOm`Vw ^yVmZm (11&25&13). JwUmZm_g{_lmUm (11&25&1).
_X^mdm` nVo (11&25&32). VwpQ>`mJmo@nhm lm (11&25&2).
Vn g` X`m _{V (11&25&2) &&106&&
ghO-gwXa.
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`mVrZm`m... (11&26&6). _o _moh{dVma (11&26&7) &&107&&

374

*lrgdm}m_Vmor`m>momaeVZm_gw _mUm{XMVw>`_*
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375

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376

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378

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380

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382

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(8)amJ : Amgmdar
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nagwIXm{`Zr ^pVaZnm{`Zr
XoV h h[a-dXZdpZ XmVm&&
VrZh bmoH$| {~Zm lrdb^da
"Jmo{dX' gwZo Z A` H$moD$ ^`mVm&&3&&
(10)amJ : Q>moS>r
m`mdmX{ZamH$Vm H$Q>o lrdb^{OamO&&
lrh[a JQ> {H$E wIya{V nw{> JQ>~o H$mO&&1&&
{hm dZ gwZV Hw$w{X{Zgo y$bo ^VgmO&&
A~ Cma {df{`Zr qMVm JB g~{ZH$s ^mO&&2&&
O`O`H$ma ^`m {^wdZ| aho ^wdZ g~ JmO&&
384

gw{aZV| AmZX hmoV h "Jmo{dX' OZ {gaVmO&&3&&

(11)amJ : Q>moS>r
gddm{X{ZamgH$VH$mo H$mo OZ nmdV nma&&
lw{V {V em nwamZ AJmoMa nwfmom {ZamYma&&1&&
YaZrVb| H$Q> ^E {~Zw ~gwYm ~yS>V ^ma&&
mH$V$n Agwa mohZH$m| AmH$V mZ AYma&&2&&
{~Zw gmYZ CaV {ZOOZH$m| JQ> H$U AdVma&
Omo gdgw lrdOOZH$mo X gmo "Jmo{dX'H$mo h aIdma&&3&&
(12)amJ : Q>moS>r
^pVmJmOmVS> Ad{Z CX` Om{Z {O` XdrOZH$b y$bo&&
lrdb^ mH$V$n XopI Amgwag{> mo{hVA{V {dXwfdX ^ybo&&1&&
H${bH$bwfhaZ h[a Amnw AnZmo dXZ dpZ d {ZOXmg Xag Xrhm|&&
{Oda AdVma Y[a ogm| ^pV H$[a {gImE {ZOXmg g~ JwZ~rZm|&&3&&
lw{VnW ^`mo H$mg m`mdmX{V{a J`mo gw^Jya{V {ZapI Cn`mo AmZX&&
Z dM H$ H$[a H$hV "Jmo{dX' On {H$E ghOgm| noh gwIX AmZX&&3&&
(13)amJ : Q>moS>r
reymw{VjH$mo Og `m{n ah`mo bmoH$` m{h&&
{~Z gmYZ ~On{VH$m| gm|nV lrdb^da T> H$[a J{h ~m{h&&1&&
Ca AmZX Z gmV nw{>OZ H$aV Ah{Z{g dhr JwZJmZ&&
nQ>Va VZH$ Z nmdV H$moD$ gwa Za w{Z OZ H$aV ~ImZ&&2&&
^yV ^{d` dZ Zqh gw{Z`V H$[a H$Zm A~ Xag {XIm`mo&&
`h {Z{Y gmYZV| Zqh n`V lr{d>bnXaO "Jmo{dX'&&3&&

385

(14)amJ : Amgmdar
AJrH$`d Jmonre-db^rH$V-mZd Zm&&
H$[a H$Zm H${bH$mb| {ZOOZHo$ nyao H$m&&1&&
Ad{ZVb| AmZX ^`mo Ka-Ka AmR>m Om&&
gw^JyaV lrdb^ h XoIo ZI{eI A{^am&&2&&
A~ {MVm g~ {Q> JB JQ> ^`mo gwIH$m Ym&
y$`mo {$aV "Jmo{dX' gXm nm`mo {ZOnX JmoHw$b Jm&&3&&
(15)amJ : gmaJ
AJrH$Vm g`mXmo nwfmom JQ> ^E
dZ gwZV {ZOOZ Cn`mo AmZX&&
H$[a H$Zm h[adXZmZb lrdb^Xmg {X`mo
{~Nw>`m Z-dM-H$ H$[a JQ> JmoHw$bMX&&1&&
ZI{gI g~ A{V AZwn JQ> ^E Y`yn$n dgwYm nmZ H$aV g~ {dXwfdX&&
gwa Za w{Z H$[a gm{Y EH${Mm d `mZ YaV
nmdV Zqh nma H$Nw> m`mdmXr mJ`X&&2&&
XopI`V mH$V$n {ZM` h AmH$V
mZwfmH${V XopI nao $X&&
nw{>g{> CaZH$m| {Oda AdVma Y`m
m`mVIS>ZH$m| JQ> "Jmo{dX'&&3&&
(16)amJ : XodJYma
A~Ho$ hmH$m{UH$ H${h`V&&
V{O {ZOYm Ad{ZVb JQ> ^E g~Ho$ Z ^mE&&1&&
AnZr {Vkm g` H$[a Vw {ZOOZ Zoh {Z~mho&&
386

g~ n[aH$a b gaZ ^`mo gmo Vd nX-gamoO-aO nmE&&2&&

{OZ Zqh OmZo lrh[a-wI-ya{V {VZZ| dWm OZ JdmE&&
gdgw lrdb^ {ZOOZH$m| gmo "Jmo{dX' OZ Og JmE&&3&&
(17)amJ : am{J[a-XodJYma
{d^w Vw A~Ho$ mo{h Cmam&&
A{V {h gW dZ gw{Z`V h lrdb^ Zm {Vhmam&&1&&
CYao AY AZoH$ gmYZ {~Zw AnZo {O` {dMmam&
H$mo{Q> OZH$m hm AnamYr oao AmJwZ g~ {~gmam&&2&&
{Z:gmYZ hm| aH$ Om{Z {O` XwVa ^dgmJa Vmam&
{dZ{V gwZh aH$ "Jmo{dX'H$s AnZr {Vkm nmam&&3&&
(18)amJ : ZQ>
AXo`XmZXj dZ gw{ZHo$ hm gaZ Am`mo&&
{gd {da{M gwa Za w{Z H$moC nma Z nm`mo&&1&&
h AmH$V $n AmnwZm mH$V $n {XIm`mo&&
Xdr Ord {~Zm Agwa g~H$m| moh CnOm`mo&&2&&
{Vhmar {hm dZ ^`r oamo Z ^m`mo&&
lrdb^-nX-aOYZ "Jmo{dX' o g{hV JwZ Jm`mo&&3&&
(19)amJ : {~^mg
hmoXmaM[admZH$s nXaO hm nmD$&&
AgXmbmn AggJ{V Ama g~ {~gamD$&&1&&
gw^J ya{V lrdb^ {~Z H$h Zm grg ZdmD$&&
h[agodm h[aH$Wm N>m{S>Ho$ AZV H$h Zqh OmD$&&2&&
{Z{g{XZ JwZJmZ H$am ZZ{Z X {gamD$&&
387

"Jmo{dX' OZ BVZm MmhV Xmg {Vhmam H$hmD$&&3&&

(20)amJ : gmaJ
mH$VmZwH${V-`mO-mo{hVmgwamZwf ^w
gwa Za w{Z `mZ YaV nma H$Nw> Z nmd&&
{X{d ^w{d nmVmb| H$moC nQ>Va Zmqh
mH$V $n {XIm` Amgwa moh CnOmd&&1&&
H$mo{Q> OZ ^Q>{H$-^Q>{H$ A~ Z| hma m{Z
gmYZ H$[a dWm `m|{h OZ `h Jmd&&
Ama g~ Cnm{Y N>m{S> AggJH$m| {Zdm[a
ge` g~ ZH$m H$mT>`mo AnZo {O` Amd&&2&&
dMZmV dZ gwZm h[agodm {hVgm| H$am
XwVa ^dqgYw Vam db^ Ca bmd&&
H$hV "Jmo{dX' H${bOwJ| Ama H$Nw> Cnm` Zmqh
Z dMZ H$ H$[a lrdb^ JwZ Jmd&&3&&
(21)amJ : ^ad
"ddmZa' Zm gwZV Amgwa Ord O[a a|&&
m`mdm{X m J`X gwZV Cn`mo mg
A{V COmg XopI AmH$mg AmB g~ nm`{Z nao&&1&&
Omo AnZo {O` Om{Z gaZmJV hmoB ah
{~Z gmYZ H$Zm H$[a H${bOwJ| Cao&&
Z dMZ H$ H$[a A` g~ Cnm` VOm
"Jmo{dX' ^wMaZ ^Om ^dgmJaV| Vao&&2&&
(22)amJ : JmoS>r
388

db^m` moH$m| bmJo db^ A{V&&

agZm {XZaZ H$ahm| aQ>Z bJZ bm{J ah gwZh mZn{V&&1&&
{Vhmao Xag {~Z XwI nmdV hm H$ah H$nm aH$na {On{V&&
hmbrn{V gwZh {dZ{V gXm ahm Eogr oar {V&&2&&
Xwb^m{K gXm hm gwZh gw~mo{YZr dMZmV {Z{V&&
Ama g~ V{O gaZ ^`m hm Vw {~Z "Jmo{dX'H$s Z Ama J{V&&3&&
(23)amJ : XodJYma
"gn' lrdb^ Zm {Vhmam&&
H$[a H$Zm H$Zm{ZYmZ ^w AnZr Vrkm Amnw {Vnmam&&1&&
{Vhmao MaZH$b Aml` {~Z ^` CnOV h ^mam&&
godm H$Wm {~Zm mo{h bmJV {dfg g~ ggmam&&2&&
{MV| {MVZ H$aV Ah{Z{g H$Q>V H$mo{Q> OOmam&&
""lrdb^-db^'' H$[a "Jmo{dX' Z dMZ H$ {ZaYmam&&3&&
(24)amJ : BZ
{hVH$gVm {dZVr gwZh hmar&&
H$mb`mbH$s gda J{V XopI ^` CnOV h ^mar&&1&&
{~Z gmYZ Cao AZoH$ OZ Z dMZ H$ {ZaYmar&&
V{O {ZO Ym Ad{ZVb JQ>o AnZr {Vkm nmar&&2&&
{Vhmam Zm CMma {H$`oV H$Q>V H$mo{Q> OOmar&&
"Jmo{dX' OZ mJV h A{KaO Zqh MmhV ggmar&&3&&
(25)amJ : ^ad
OZ{ejmH$Vo H$U^pVH$X JwZ JmB`o&&
gmYZV A{V Xwb^ gmo ghO hr nmB`o&&1&&
389

`m gmZ Ama H$Nw> A~bm h gw`mo Zm{h

lrdb^ {~Zm H$moC A^` XmZ XrZm|&&
VmV g~ gmYZ V{O gaZmJV hmoB ahm
h[adXZmZb lrdb^ g~ JwZ ~rZmo&&2&&
amga{gH$ brbmV CX{Y {Z{gdmga
ah{` lrdb^da ahV h ag^rZm|&&
H$hV "Jmo{dX' Ama g~ gmYZ V{O MaZ ^Om
gmo Vmo gkmZ OmZo Ehr by{Q> brZm|&&3&&
(26)amJ : {~^mg
"{ZpIboQ>X' Zm{h gwZV gwI CnOV
Z gw^J ya{V {ZapI oao ZZ {gamD$&&
lrdb^ hmCXma gaZmJV ajnmb
{hm Anma Om{Z gXm grg ZmD$&&1&&
Xwb^ Xag {X`mo mo{h {dZVr H$hm H$am Vmo{h
n`m} ahm {Vhmar nm[a {Z{g-{XZ JwZ JmD$&&
Ama g~ N>m{S> Xoh Id {O` Om{Z oao {O`| bmD$&&2&&
{Vhmao JwZ gwZm gwZmD$ AggJ {damD$
AgXmbmn A`ml` Ama g~ {~gamD$&&
{Vhmar ~mV g~ gwhmV Ama {df gr
bmJV Ama H$hm H$h ~oa-~oa bOmD$&&3&&
aH$ XrZ Om{Z ^w H${b`wJ| H$nm H$s{Z
A~ BVZm| MmhV "Jmo{dX' {Vhmam Xmg H$hmD$&&
VrZ ^wdZ| Vw gmZ XyOm H$moC AmdV Zmht
{ZOOZ-{hV Om{Z Xoh MaZ-aoZw nmD$&&4&&

390

(27)amJ : {~^mg
gdbjUgnZ gw{aoV na gwI hmoV&&
{~Z gmYZ {H$E CmaV h Hw$b EH$moma JmoV&&1&&
Eogr {Z{Y ~ha`mo Zqh nmdV lrdb^-MaZ-gamoO&&
{gd {da{M g{Mn{V gwa Za w{Z hmao H$[a-H$[a ImoO&&2&&
XdrOZ-{hVH$maZ JQ>o {Oda AdVma&&
H$hV "Jmo{dX' lrdb^ gw{ao {~Z hmoV Zmqh {ZVma&&3&&
(28)amJ : ^ad
lrH$UkmZX gmo oao Z ^mE&&
H$[a H$Zm H${bOwJ| {ZO Ym V{O
H$nm{Z{Y XdrOZ CaZH$m| AdZrVb AmE&&1&&
A`^OZ AgXmbmn AggJ Ag{nV
H$m H$moY bmo^ moh ga {Q>mE&&
AnZo Ord Om{Z X`m H$[a gaZmJVdgb
{gmV-dMZmV gw~mo{YZr gwZmE&&2&&
{ZO d$n JwV$n OmZV h H$moD$ Zqh
H$Zm H$[a lrdb^ Amn g~ ~VmE&&
lr{d>bda gamoO aO KZ "Jmo{dX'n
AX^wV A{V {hm gwOg g~ JdmE&&3&&
(29)amJ : {~^mg
Jw Vm lrdb^ hmamO&&
Ama Jw H$hmd {`m h[a{dwI H$aZHo$ H$mO&&1&&
MmXh {dm-{Z{Y lrdb^ {dXwfdX-{gaVmO&&
maJ nwpQ> {H$`m JQ> ^yVb a`m ^wdZ g~ JmO&&2&&
391

lrdb^ ^mZw XagV H$bgo y$bo ^V gmO&&

Amgm n[anyaZ ^`r "Jmo{dX' JE gH$b XwI ^mO&&3&&
(30)amJ : JmS>r
dmZXVwpXb dmZX {ZO OZ hr XoV&&
{~Z gmYZ H${bH$mb Kmoa| {ZO gwV J{hZr goV&&1&&
dOn{V dpZ AmZX`m@@{X XwJ gHo$V&&
m`mdmX {Zdm[a AdZrVb ~m{Y ^pV T> goV&&2&&
mZwf XohYmar gwPo {~Z OrdV Ogo oV&&
lr{d>bnXaO "Jmo{dX' OZ {ZapI ~b`m boV&&3&&
(31)amJ : {~hmJ
godH$-gwIXm`r nXbm`V{dbmoMZ&&
{ZOOZ-CaZ hoV AdZrVb Xag {X`mo
lr^mJdV H$[a H$mg gVZ Xw:ImoMZ&&1&&
m`mdmX {V{a Q>m[a nwpQ>^pV {H$`mo Mma
h[agodm XB {XIm` A^`XmZ XrZm|&&
{X{d ^w{d nmVmb| H$moC gwa Za w{Z lrdb^
nQ>Va H$moC nmdV Zmqh ~S>m gmIr H$sZm|&&2&&
Xog H$mb ` H$Vm H$ ZQ> ^`o
VmV| H$Nw> hmoV Zmht H$Uml` H$sO&&
lr{d>b nXaO "Jmo{dX'OZ Ehr H$hV
Z dMZ H$ H$[a gXm dMZmV nrO&&3&&
(32)amJ : Amgmdar
H$nmJ-dpQ>-gQ>-XmgXmgr-{` gwZm ~mV&&
392

{Vhmao XagHo$ H$maZ VOo mV A VmV&&1&&

Ama Z H$Nw> gwhmV h moho AQ>ha {Z{g mV&&
`o hr `mZ {haX Yam mon ah`mo Zm{hZ OmV&&2&&
aH$ mo{h {O` Om{ZH$ ^w Xoh XagH$m XmZ&&
H$sO "Jmo{dX'H$m| H$nm H$[a H$a {Vhmao JwZJmZ&&3&&
(33)amJ : am{J[a
n{V Vm Vw hr hmo hmamO&&
bmoH$doX-aOmX VOr h lrwI-XagZ H$mO&&1&&
VrZ ^wdZ| {Vhmar nQw>Vm nmdV ZmqhZ H$moB&&
{Vhmar H$nmH$Q>mj-dpQ>V| gmo dOn{V {` hmoB&&2&&
JmoX ngm[a H$aV hm {dZVr A~H|$ mo{h Cmam&&
EoH$ ~o[a H$Zm H$[aH|$ H$hm "Jmo{dX' aH$ hmam&&3&&
(34)amJ : ZQ>Zmam`Zr
amofnmV-gbwQ>-^V{Q> oao Z ~gm&&
H$m V`m H$moY V`m bmo^ V`m moh V`m
ga V{O gaZ Am`mo A~ BV CV V amImo&&1&&
hm g~gmYZ-hrZ Vw g~H$bm-drZ
aH$ Om{Z mo{h H$Nw>H$ H$nm H$sO&&
H${b`wJ| gw{Z`V h fQ> gmYZ ZQ> ^E
VmV H$Nw> hmoV Zht A^`XmZ XrO&&2&&
Vw Vmo hmo hmCXma gaZmJV ajnmb
H$ZmH$a H${bOwJ| IOm| gmOmo H$sZm|&&
{Z{gdmga gOZ gJ H$[a gmO gwOgJmZ
H$aV "Jmo{dX' ^w OZZ ahV h ag^rZm|&&3&&
393

(35)amJ : hma
hm H$g| H$[a ^Vgo{dV nX nmD$&&
gdd gnZ H$[aH$ bohm| {Vhmao gaZ hm OmD$&&1&&
Ama Cnm` H$Nw> gyPV Zmht H$hm {XZ dWm JdmD$&&
{Vhmar godm-H$Wm H$am-gwZm g~ nM {~gamD$&&2&&
H$m H$moY bmo^ moh X ga VmHo$ qT>J Zqh OmD$&&
{MV| qMVZ H$am Vwhmam {Vhmao hr JwZ JmD$&&3&&
H$mb`mb S>a CnOV ^mar {Z^` nX Ca bmD$&&
H$aV "Jmo{dX' H$a Omo[a {dZVr Vd gmX hm nmD$&&4&&
(36)amJ : gmaJ
gwIgo` dZ gwZV Cn`mo Z AmZX&&
JQ> ^`m Y`yn ZI{gI AmZX $n
Ad{Z ^yn gaZ JE {ZapI lrwIM&&1&&
{OamO CX` ^`m m`mV {V{a J`m
Mh{X{g CSw>JZgo bn{Q> aho {dXwfdX&&
nm{Z CXa AmZZ nX AmZX` gH$b AJ
{ZaIV g~ XdrOZ y$bo wImaqdX&&2&&
X A{V X^m` A{V Cnd XopI H${b|
Anm`wf Ord g~ CnOo {VX&&
H$Zm H$[a {~Zw gmYZ CaZH$m|
AnZo {O` Om{Z lrdb^ JQ>o "Jmo{dX'&&3&&
(37)amJ : ~gV
Xwamam` dZ Zm gw{ZH$ AgwaZ Cn`mo mg&&
394

gya lrdb^ JQ>Ho$ H$sZm| m`mdmX {dZmg&&1&&

lrdb^ ^mZw CX`mo Ad{ZVb w{VnW ^`mo H$mg&&
{~Z gmYZ AZoH$ Cmao XdrOZ nyar Amg&&2&&
O`O`H$ma ^`mo ^yVb| Og ga`m AmH$mg&&
lr{d>b nXaO OZ w{XV JwZ JmdV "Jmo{dXXmg'&&3&&
(38)amJ : ~gV
Xwb^m{Ygamoh nX`wJ bmbM bm{J ahr&&
Ca AVaH$s {dah-doXZm OmV Z H$mh H$hr&&1&&
r{VH$s ar{V A{Z` OmZV Oo {VZgm| Z OmV Z H$hr&&
ImZnmZ gwI {~g[a J`mo {dahmZb Xoh Xhr&&2&&
A{V Xwb^ Am`wH$s K{Q>H$m OmV h g~ ~hr&&
`h {O` Om{Z g`m} gdgw V~ "Jmo{dX' {Z~hr&&3&&
(39)amJ : ^ad
CJVmn Ad{ZVb JQ> ^E dZ{Z gw{Z XdrOZ
Ka-Ka g~ H$aV h ~YmB&&
h[adXZmZb lrdb^ H$Zm H$[a H${bOwJ|
{Odnw Y[a ~ha`mo XB {XImB&&1&&
AJ{ZV {hm H$hmbm BH$ agZm H$am ~ImZ ~S>^mJr
XdrgpQ> aH$ hm{Z{Y nmB&&
MmgR> H$bm drZ {dm{Z{Y db^da mH$V dnw XopI
moho H$Nw>H$ nma Z nmB&&2&&
A~bm Eogm d$n Xo`mo Zht dZ gw`mo {ZOOZ CaZ
`h ~m{ZH$ ~{Z AmB&&
H$hV "Jmo{dX' gw{am gXm {Z{g~mga AmR>m Om
395

AmXagm| Ord hm JwZ JmB&3&&

(40)amJ : OVlr
dmgrYwny[aVmeofgodH$ {dZVr gwZm&&
H$mo{Q> OZHo$ oao AdJwZ H$Nw> {V {JZm&&1&&
Vwgo hm CXma Z H$moC AmJo XoIo Z nmN>o gwZo
A~ `h {d{Y ~Zr g~ XdrOZ H$mO&
H$[a H$Zm g~ n[aH$a g{hV JQ>o ^yVb|
gwaZa w{Z XopI H$hV O`-O` hmamO&&2&&
CJ Vmn XopI H$hV ~ha`mo JQ> JmoHw$bog
dnw Y[aH$ H$sZm H${bOwJ| gmIm&
H$hV "Jmo{dX' g~ g{n lrdb^Ho$ gaZ OmD$
gw{Z`V h {~Zw gmYZ nyaV Z BN>m A{^bmIm&&3&&
(41)amJ : {d^mg
lr^mJdVnr`yfgwWZj lrdb^Ho$ Zmn H$mo{Q> Zm dm$&&
Ama Cnm` g~ VOm lrdb^ nXH$b ^Om
gw^J ya{V X`| Am{Z {Z{f Z {~gm&&1&&
OmJV gmodV a|Z{XZ agZmV N>mSy> Zmqh
bJZ bm{J ahr Z dM H$ {ZaYmam&&
nw{Z H$Q>o lrdb^mYre dXZdpZ AmZX`
lrdb^ {XZ{Z {H$`mo OJV COmam&&2&&
m`mdmX {V{a J`mo w{VnW JQ> ^`mo
m`mdmXr m J`XH$m Cn`m qgK ^mam&&
H$hV "Jmo{dX'A` g~ Cnm` Cnm{Y Om{Z V`m
hm{Z hmoV OmV H$m gwZm hmam&&3&&
396

(42)amJ : OoVlr
Vgma^yVamgr^mdny[aV{dJh ^w
amga{gH$ brbmV ahV gXm ^rZm|&
{ZO o`~b H$[aH$ {dZ gmYZ H${bOwJ|
Cao AZoH$ Ord ^y{gm| Og brZm|&&1&&
maJ nwpQ> w{V {V nwamZ gm A{V AJmoMa
m`mdmX IS>Z H$[a gmo Vm JQ> H$sZm|&
h[a godm {d{Y {ddoH$ H$ZmH$a Xdr OrdZH$m {gImB
{d~wY OZZ| ~S>m gmIm H$sZm|&&2&&
lrdb^ d$n {hm H$moD$ OmZV Zht
gXmZX dXZdpZ g~ H$bm drZmo&
AmZX{Z{Y AJ{ZV Og brbmV gmJa|
{Z{gdmga H$sS>V Vhm "Jmo{dX' OZ ^rZm|&&3&&
(43)amJ : OVlr
gm{Z`mXm lrH$Uo gmo lrdb^ H$hm`o&&
ZI{gI gwXa XopI M{H$V ^E bmoH$ g~
N>m{S> XB ahV h {ga Zm`o&&1&&
OmoJ `k VraW XmZ dV kmZ
BZ gmZ AmdV Zht
BZ Om{Z Or` g~V {~am`o&&
H$hV "Jmo{dX' g~ VOm lrdb^MaZ ^Om
gwaZa w{Z `mZ YaV H$Nw> nma Zm`o&&2&&
^V ^E H$mo{Q>OZ $b nm`m Zmht
Z H$Nw> `h ~mVZ H$g| bmoJ hmnX nm`o&&
397

ggJ{V H$am { ^w gZVm {Z{m

XdrOZ gaZ ^E gmo g~ $b nm`o&&3&&
(44)amJ : Y`mlr
{dwVX {Z^`nX gwIXmB&&
Omo nXaO Xwb^ gwaZa w{Z gmo gwb^ H$[a nmB&&1&&
gmYZV n`V Zqh H$~h Z dMZ {ZYma&&
{~Z lrdb^nX ZmH$m `m| nmd ^dgmJa nma&&2&&
ZmmoMmaUmV {ZM` H$Q>V H$mo{Q> OOma&&
lr{d>b nXaO "Jmo{dX'H$m lrdb^ mZ AYma&&3&&

AXo` XmZXj gmo Vm Zm g` H$sO&&2&&

Ama H$Nw> H$[a gH$V Zmht {dZVr gwZm lrdb^
Vd nXaO A{V Xwb^ gmo gmX nmD$&
aH$ "Jmo{dXXmg' {Vhmam
{Z^` {Z:gH$ hH$ {Vhmao JwZ JmD$&&3&&

(45)amJ : nyadr
amgbrbH$Vmn` hmaX h A{V Xwb^&&
A{VH$ OZ H$a drZ VmV hmoV Zht {~Zm H$nm lrdb^&&1&&
`{n $n JwZ grb gwYaVm B{Z ~mV{Zgm| OZ {gamB`o&&
gw{P {ddoH$ g~ gdg b gaZ ^E g~ nmBE&&2&&
`h gwI A{V Xwb^ gwa Za w{Z g~ n{Mhmao&&
"Jmo{dX'gmo gwI by{Q> {b`m Z dMZ H$ {ZaYmao&&3&&

(47)amJ : {~hmJ
{dahmZw^dH$mWgd`mJmonXoeH$ ^w&&
{Vhmao MaZaO nmdV dZ gw{Z
{Vhmao gaZ Am`mo mo{h ampI boh {d^w&&1&&
Vw Vm maJ nwpQ> JQ> {H$`m
^w{d ^pV Mma H$maZ H$sZm| h H$nm H$[a&&
~g~Y H$adm` H$sZo Xmof nM n[ahma
gXmZX godmHo$ {Z{m g` Zm H$sZm| lrh[a&&2&&
`h {Z` `mZ Yam Ama gJ n[aham
ggmagmJa Vam {Vhmao JwZ JmD$&&
AdJwZ g~ {~gmamo A~H$ moqh Cmam
OZ "Jmo{dX' H$hV {Z^` V~ nX nmD$&&3&&

(46)amJ : ^ad
H$n`VH$WmX ^w ~S>r H$nm Vw H$sZt&&
gZw`mH${V {Odadnw Y[a A{YYaZrVb
XdrOZmoaZH$m| h[agodm XrZt&&1&&
{dm Vn kmZ hrZ g~ gmYZ a{hV XrZ
AnZo {O` Om{Z H$Zm H$[a Xag Xmg XrO&
Vw hm g~ H$bmdrZ hmoXma M[admZ

(48)amJ : dgV
^`mMmamonXoQ>m MaZ{Z| Z bm{J a`mo&&
H$hm H$am {H$V OmD$ H$nm{Z{Y OmV Z mon H$`mo&&1&&
AmYr {Z{f H$n g drVV {~ahmZb Xoh X`mo&&
{Vhmao Xag {~Zm mon ZmqhZ OmV a`mo&&2&&
{Vhmao OZ gJ{V H$aZo {~Zw H$Nw> Zmht b`mo&&
~mh Jho {~Zw ^dgmJa| "Jmo{dX' OmV ~`mo&&3&&

398

399

(49)amJ : dgV
H$mJdVH$ gw{ZH$ mo Z ^`m AmZX&&
Mbh do{J XoIZH$m| Ogo lrdb^ wIMX&&1&&
`knwf nwfmom JQ>o gw{Z moho OZdX&&
H$mo{Q> H$m dmam `h N>{~ na lrdb^ AmZXH$X&&2&&
{gd {da{M gwaZa w{Z {Zg{XZ JmdV JrV gwN>X&&
Xdr Ord CmaZ JQ>o nyaZ namZX&&3&&
(50)amJ : {~hmJ
`mJmXm ^pVmJH$gmYZdmonXoeH$ ^w&&
{Vhmar H$nm {~Z `mXm-nwpQ>H$mo
^oX Zm OmZV H$moC {~ZVr gw{Zhmo ^w&&1&&
VmaH$gm dZ gw{Z ^Q> ^`m bhV Zm
w{VnWH$m| ^` CnOV h ^mamo&&
Vw {~Z XdrOZH$m {bmoH$| Ty>T> Xo`mo
ZmqhZ H$moD$ aIdmamo&&2&&
Y AW H$m moj g~{h Vw{h hm
{Vhmao MaZ {~Z H$Nw> h Z Om`mo&&
H$hV "Jmo{dX' OZ Z dMZ H$ H$[a
h[adXZmZb lrdb^ Z m`mo&&3&&
(51)amJ : amH$br
nyUmZX `WmaW Zm&&
AmZX nyaZ {H$E {ZO OZ g~ lrdb^$n na A{^am&&1&&
ZdmpN>V $b XoV H$nm{Z{Y Eo{hH$ AmwpH$ g~ H$m&&
400

Omo ~S>^mJr gmoB gwP `h N>mS>V Zmht AmR>m Om&&2&&

OmHo$ {h`o bJZ bmJr Jho lrdb^ gwIH$m Ym&&
"Jmo{dX' gXm {db Og JmdV S>mobV {$aV lrJmoHw$bYm&&3&&
(52)amJ : Y`mlr
nyaZH$m lrdb^ Zm&&
ZI{gI gwXa gw^J ya{VH$m| {ZaIh AmR>m Om&&1&&
gwaZa w{ZOZ {X{d ^w{d nmVmb| Z Amd H$moC gmZ&&
Xdr gpQ> CmaZ JQ>o {Z^` XrZo XmZ&&2&&
{~Zw gmYZ Cao AZoH$ OZ lrdb^ hm CXma&&
{Oda h JQ>o "Jmo{dX' ^w {ZO OZ mZ AYma&&3&&
(53)amJ : Y`mlr
H$nm H$[a dmn{V $n Z YaVo&&
`m H${bH$mb Kmoa| V~ H$go {ZOOZ {ZVaVo&&1&&
dpZdXZ JQ>o {~Zw g~ H$moC YamO ~g naVo&&
A{V AmdV g{hV ^dgmJaV| H$hm H$go CVaVo&&2&&
H$mo{Q> H$m bmd` lrwIN>{~ {~Z XoI| g~ aVo&&
AQ>hm{g{ gmo g~ nm`o Omo "Jmo{dX' ^w daVo&&3&&
(54)amJ : {~bmdb
{~~wYodaH$s ~mV AQ>nQ>r&&
Ombm dZ nar Zqh oao Vmbm Zmht hmoV MQ>nQ>r&&1&&
^moJ qgJma ar{V godmH$s Z dMZ H$ gd bQ>nQ>r&&
`h {ddoH$ ~yPV Zqh H$moD$ H$aV h g~ AnZr Ow Aa^Q>r&&2&&
H$[aH$ {gIdV h g~ {ZO XmgZH$m| `m| gwPo g~ do{J PQ>nQ>r&&
401

lr{d>bnXaO "Jmo{dX'H$s AgwaZgm| {ZV hmoV IQ>nQ>r&&3&&

(55)amJ : ^ad
H$UZmgh` dVmHo$ JwZ JmB`o&&
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A` `mZ g~ N>m{S> lrdb^H$m Ca bmB`o&&
h[adXZmZbH$s {hm H$mhgm| Z OZmB`o&&2&&
gw^J ya{V nXgamoOgm| AnZr bJZ bJmB`o&&
H$hV "Jmo{dX' H$a Omo[a {dZVr BZqhH$m Ow gwZmB`o&&3&&
(56)amJ : H$`mZ
^Vnam`U ^yVb JQ>o&&
{ZOOZHo$ H${bH$mb Kmoa| {~Zw gmYZ A~ hm-AK H$Q>o&1&&
`h N>{~ A~{h ~{Z AmB ^[a ^[a ZZZ {ZaIm&&
gw^J ya{VH$m $ngwYmV nmZ H$am X`| aIm&&2&&
gwOg gwZm Zm H$sVZH$m gwah AmR>m Om&&
"Jmo{dX' lrdb^ na b dmam H$mo{Q>H$ H$m&&3&&
(57)amJ : Ho$Xmam
^`mMmamonXoemWZmZmdm`{Z$nH$
dMZmV dZ gwZV V {OdmE {ZOOZ&&
A{Kgamoh X` Yam Ama g~ n[aham
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gw^J ya{V {~Z Ama Z gwhmV H$Nw>
402

o CX{Y ` JZ ^`mo Z&&2&&

Zw` Xoh nmBH$ lrdb^Ho$ eaU {~Zm
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XdrOZ OrdZ lrdb^nXaOYZ
lr{d>b H$UmV amIh "Jmo{dX' Z&&3&&
(58)amJ : gmoar
dmWm}{OPVmpIbmU{` Vw H$[a H$U godm$b XrZm|&&
gmYZV gwnZo OmZ gmo g~ {ZO o`~b H$sZm|&&1&&
`h {~{Y A~{h ~Zr AmB gmo g~ Xdr gpQ> Z^mB&&
godm H$[aH$ Amn {gImB Omo {ZJ nwamZo H$h Z ~VmB&&2&&
{ed gZmH$m{X gwaoe MVwamZZ H$[a gm{Y H$Nw> Z nm`o&&
gmo lr{d>b H$UmV "Jmo{dX' AmZX JZ hd gXm JwZ JmE&&3&&
(59)amJ : JmS>r
ho VmedopQ>V hm OZ {Vhmam&&
gmYZhrZ ~bhrZ Om{Z {O` ^` CnOV h ^mam&&1&&
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(60)amJ : hma
dXmgmWH$VmeofgmYZ Vwna b gdd dm[a S>mam&&
VrZh bmoH$| {Vhmar ~mVH$mo
a H$mo OmZV `h Z dMZ H$ {ZYmam&&1&&
403

{Vhmar MaZaO h A{V nmdZ

nagV VZH$m H$Q>V AK ^mam&&
X{V X^m` H$mo{Q> Cnd h H${b|
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"Jmo{dX' ^w ZdKZ dafm H$[a
AVa Vmn {Q>mB AnZr {Vkm nmam&&3&&
(61)amJ : JmS>r
gdepVYH$ lrdb^ J{V naV Z OmZr&&
w{V {V gm nwamZ| A{V Jmo` H$moC OmZV Zht
lrh[a dm` JQ> H$[a H${b| ~ImZr&&1&&
Amgwa Ord VmaZH$m| H$sZm|
m`mdmX maJ ^yVZmW mam Vm| moho AkmZr&&
Ombm CX`mo db^ ^mZw Vmbm ^yVb {V{a ~mT>m
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m`mdmX m J`X db^ qgh JQ> gw{ZH|$
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lr{d>b Vmn~bV JwZ JmdV "Jmo{dX' OZ
nwpQ>^wH$s J{V g~qh Z mZr&&3&&
(62)amJ : BZ
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~g~Y H$amB H$sZm| nMXmof-{ZdVZ&&
404

d{gmV gwZmBH|$ H$sZm| nw{>^pV dVZ&&2&&

H${b| ~h H$VmaW H$sZ| XrZr h[aH$s godm&&
"Jmo{dX' ^w lrdb^ g~ XodZH$m Xodm&&3&&
(63)amJ : H$`mZ
Xdr OrdZH$mo lrdb^ {~Z Ama Z H$moC {nVm&&
Vr{Z bmoH$| gwa Za w{Z OZ Zqh nmdV H$Nw> gVm&&1&&
nw{>g{> CaZH$m| H$nV gar obVm&&
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{gd {dapM g{Mn{V Z bmOV XopI g~ ^wVm&&
H$hV "Jmo{dX' lrdb^-nX {~Z H$h Z {Z^`Vm&&3&&
(64)amJ : {~^mg
ddeo Wm{nVmeofmhm` H$[aH$ Ow ^w
dgwYmVb gwI X nw{>maJ JQ> H$sZm|&&
{Oda AdVma Y`m {~Zw gmYZ OJV C`m
h[agodm H$[a {gImB A^`XmZ XrZm|&&1&&
amga{gH$ ya{V lrdOn{VH$s brbm gwOg
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MmXh {dm-{ZYmZ mqdeV bjZ-OwV
fS>JwZ-g{hV MVwh-f{> H$bm-drZm|&&2&
Ama g~ `mZ N>m{S> gaZ ^`mo Z dMZ
H$ H$[a AnZm H$[a b Z VmHo$ {Q>`mo A{^mZm|&&
"Jmo{dX'H$m| gdg lr{d>b-nXaOYZ
db^daV| g~ OJV bmJV h hrZm|&&3&&

405

(65)amJ : ^ad
lr`mnhH$s MaZa|Zw nbH$Zr H$[a Pmam&&
Z^m{dZr gw^J ya{V ZZ{ZV| {Zhmam&&1&&
AmZX` AZbdXZ X`gamoO bmD$&&
AgXmbmn AggJ Ama g~ {~gamD$&&2&&
{Vhmao MaZH$b N>m{S> Ama H$hy Z OmD$&&
H$hV "Jmo{dX' {Vhmam gwOg OZ JmD$&&3&&
(66)amJ : BZ
n{VdVmn{V Vw hm&&
hm n{VdVm Xmgr {Vhmar Vw n{VdV {Z~hm&&1&&
dJ `w nmVmb Ho$ Vw n{V {V H$moD$ Ama H$hm&&
lrdb^ Vw hm Ow OJVn{V gXm {haX ahm&&2&&
na hm{Z{Y nm`o nw{>OZ {V H$moD$ Am{Z bhm&&
^dgmJa ~yS>V AnZm| H$[a "Jmo{dX' ~mh Jhm&&3&&
(67)amJ : ZQ>
nmabm{H$H${hH$XmZH$V {Mm Yam&&
A` Ambmn g~ dWm {O` Om{ZH|$
gw^J ya{V gwOg JwZJmZ H$am&&1&&
gwIX godm H$am Ama g~ n[aham
dZ H$sVZ H$am AmR>m Om&&
{Mm qMVZ H$am hmoV h nagwI
gwZV h lrdb^ nyaZH$m&&2&&
Zm{hm Zht H$Q> ^ybmoH$|
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406

H$hV "Jmo{dX' OZ g{> Xdr {~Zm

Ama OmZV Zht Agwa yT>&&3&&
(68)amJ : amlr
{ZJyT> X` lrdb^ dOoe&&
gwOg ldZ gwZV hmoV AmZX A{V
OZ H$mo{Q> H$m haV boe&&1&&
MaZ-aO YaV {ga H$mo{Q> VVrg gwa
nma nmdV Z ~m hoe&&
A` AdVma| w` AdVma `h lrh[a {deof&&2&&
A` Ambmn V{O `mZ {haX Yam
JQ> lrdb^ Ad{ZVb naoe&&
H$hV "Jmo{dX' OZ ~h XagZ {X`m
Kmofn{V {d{XV {OamO-doe&&3&&
(69)amJ : gmaJ
AZ`^Vofw km{nVme`&&
lw{V-hmaXH$m| lrdb^ {~Zw gwPV Zht gwa Ame`&&1&&
n{VdVm AnZo n{V AmJ| dhmaX g~ {dZVr H$a&&
gm| n{V lrh[a dXZmZb {~Zw ^dgmJaH$m| n[aha&&2&&
gm| ~S>^m{J ^aVIS> JQ>o, {~Z gmYZ ^dgmJa Va&&
`h {ddoH$ gw`mo OZ "Jmo{dX' lrdb^ Xo Ya&&3&&
(70)amJ : gmaJ
CnmgZm{XmJm{VwYmoh{ZdmaH$ ^w
JQ> hmoB H$sZo h {ZJ-nW-naH$mg&&
407

{gd {dapM g{Mn{V XodH$mo{Q> V{Vg ^`m AmZX

gwagwXar M{T> {dmZ N>m`mo AmH$mg&&1&&
gwa Za w{Z w${bV Z gwOg {db H$aV JmZ
m`mdmXr {dXwfdX Cn`m Z mg&&
lrdb^ ^mZw Xag g~ XdrOZ H$b y$bo XoIV AUw^m`&&2&&
MmXh {dm-{ZYmZ fQ>JwZ ^w nyaZH$m
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lr{d>b nXaO-YZ "Jmo{dX'H$m| Z dM H$
Ama H$Nw> Zmht lrdb^-nX Cnm`&&3&&
(71)amJ : gmoar
lrdb^ ddXZmZbH$m| H$[a H$Zm h[a JQ> {H$`o&&
{{dY nw{>aOmX ^pVH$mo ^oX JQ>H$m| Amkm {H$`o&&1&&
gmo lrdb^ ^wAmkmV ^w{d gZw`mH${V {Odnw {~^V&&
^pVmJ} gdmJdbj`mZw^y{VH$V&&2&&
aOmXm| H$[a h[a {d^y{V H$[aHo$ ^Om&&
nw{>| EH$ ZohH$m| H$maZ H$h
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(72)amJ : {~^mg
nWH$eaUmJm}nXo>m gwIX nXH$b
A` Ambmn V{O {haXo amIm&&
{Mm qMVZ H$am Ama g~ n[aham
gwOg ldU H$am dXZ ^mIm&&1&&
gH$b gmYZ V{O lrdb^nX ^Om
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408

Xod Xwb^ Xag gm| gwb^ hmoV h

ZwfXoh nmB `h gmIm&&2&&
Ad{ZVb JQ>o {ZO Xmg {hV OmZr
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H$hV "Jmo{dX' OZ VrZ{h bmoH$|
Vw{h {~Z mo{h Zht Ama nmIm&&3&&
(73)amJ : ^ad
{X{d ^w{d nmVmb | H$moD$ Zmht lrH$UhmX{dV&&
nw{>g{> CaZH$m| H$Zm H$[a H${bOwJ|
lrh[a {ZO dXZ dpZ JQ>o h {ZOOZ {hV&&1&&
gmo d$n lrdb^ lr^mJdV JyT>mW H$[a H$mg
gXmZX godm{d{Y g~ {gIdV&&
VraW ~V Y H$ XmZ XohXZ g~ N>m{S>
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~ gmH$ma WmnZ H$[a X{dOZ {H$`o H$VmaW
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dOn{V w{Z Xag ^`mo ^yVb AmZX ^`mo
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(74)amJ : ^ad
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{VZHo$ ^m` H$hm bm daZm
brbmag AJmY gmJa lrdb^ X` V Z Q>ma&&1&&
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Omo {Z{g{XZ Eogm $n {dMma&&
409

dXmdZ {ZHw$Obrbm g{hV dOn{V

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{VZH$s nmdZ nXaO na V
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H$hV "Jmo{dX' EogoZ H$s gJ{V {VZH$m|
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(75)amJ : ^ad
VH$Wm{jV{Mm` nXgamoO nmD$&&
Am{Z Ambmn g~ VOm| lrdb^eaU OmD$&&1&&
godm A H$Wm N>m{S> Zht `h bbMmD$&&
{db gwOg N>m{S> H$~h Ama Z JmD$&&2&&
gw^J ya{V N>m{S> Zht Ama Ca bmD$&&
"Jmo{dX' BVZm mJV {Vhmam Xmg H$hmD$&&3&&

(76)amJ : BZ H$`mU
{dVm`agHo$ MaZH$bV| g~ gwI n`&&
A` Ambmn H$amo {OZ H$moD$ A{V gwIXm`H$
lrdb^H$m {db gXm Og J`&&1&&
A{V Xwb^ lrdb^ XagH$m|
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gmYZ H$mo{Q> H$amo {OZ H$moD$ H$m`mH$m|
dWm ^Q>{H$ {XZ ImodV gaZmJV h a{h`&&2&&
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bo gdg gnZ H$a V~ lrdb^ Y`&&
410

godm H$Wm gmYw gJ{V H$[a {Z{g-{XZ

gw^J ya{V {Mm| Y[aH$ "Jmo{dX' Zoh {Z~{h`&&3&&
(77)amJ : dgV
dO{` {` {ZOYm ~Vm`m&&
MVwamZZ AnZo gwV ^JwH$m| w{V$nmH$mo ^md OVm`m&&1&&
gwa Za w{Z gm{Y {H$`o n nma H$Nw> Z nm`m&&
amg-a{gH$ ya{V {H$emoamH${V JmoYZHo$ gJ Ym`m&&2&&
dO dOOZ n{V nX-aO-YZ {ZJ {Z$T> ~Vm`m&&
gm g~ gdg "Jmo{dX' OZH$m gmo A~{h ^`m Z^m`m&&3&&
(78)amJ : BZ H$`mZ
V~bm| {` dOpW{VH$m hmaX H$Nw> Z bh`m&&
Om| bm| dXZ-dpZ lrdb^ AmnwZ Zm{h H$h`m&&1&&
gmYZ H$[a nMhm[a yT>{V H$maO H$Nw> Z g`m&&
gdg {H$`mo gnZ ^wH$m| V~ A~ `h {Z~`m&&2&&
lrdb^-nXaO-{hm {~Zw OmZ ^dqgYw| OmV ~`m&&
lr{d>b-nXaO-YZ "Jmo{dX' E{h Cnm` H$`m&&3&&
(79)amJ : JmS>r
nw{>brbmH$Vm Xwb^ Xag {Vhmam&&
gmYZV H$Nw> hmoV Zmht Z dMZ H$ {ZYmam&&1&&
Oo OZ gdgw b gaZ ^`o nXZmH$m X ^dgmJa-nma CVmam&&
Omo OZ {dwI lrdb^MaZZV gm| Vmo gdg hmam&&2&&
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g`{Vk MaZaO "Jmo{dX' aH$ Om{ZH$ H$hmo hmam&&3&&
411

(80)amJ : {~bmdb
ah:{` gXm EH$mV {h ^md&&
brbm gXm {{dY dOn{VH$s AZw^d H$aV Z Ama Z gwhmd&&1&&
XdrOZ {ZOnX ZmH$m X {~Z gmYZ ^dgmJa Vmam&&
hm H${bH$mb `mb Xw:gh ^` Q>m[a AnZr {Vkm nmam&&2&&
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brO&&3&&
(81/H$)amJ : YZmlr
^VoN>mnyaH$ XagZ XrO&&
Vw Vm hm CXma gw{Z`V h mon H$nm Ow H$sO&&1&&
Vw {~Z Ama Zmht H$Nw> gwPm mo{h AnZm H$[a brO&&
hm| {Z:gmYZ aH$ {Vhmam {ZO MaUml` XrO&&2&&
{Vhmao {ZO gJ {~Zm oam Zqh Ca AVa ^tO&&
H$hV "Jmo{dX' MaUmV V{OH$ H$hm g{nV Ob nrO&&3&&
(81/I)amJ : gmaJ
^VoN>mnyaH$ Zm lrdb^&&
Vr{Z bmoH$| gwa Za w{Z H$m| nXaO A{V Xwb^&&1&&
{~Z gmYZ H${bH$mb Kmoa| lrdb^ hm CXma&&
{ZOnX ZmH$m XB dH$s`ZH$m| ^dqgYw CVmao nma&&2&&
gog gmaXm H$hm bm ~aZ AJ{ZV JwZ Ow Anma&&
JQ>o dOn{V dph "Jmo{dX' XmgHo$ mZ AYma&&3&&

412

(82)amJ : Xog
gdmkmVbrbmgm| nQ>Va H$moD$ Z Amd&&
VrZ bmoH$| gwa Za w{Z H$moD$ nma Z nmd&&1&&
AX^wV gwOg {dbH$m| gog gh-wI Jmd&&
VmV mV ^mV ^{JZr J{hZr Zmqh gwhmd&&2&&
`h {hm O~ dZ{Z gw{Z V~ Ama H$Nw> Zqh ^md&&
gmYZ g~ V{O "Jmo{dX' {Z{g{XZ lrdb^ Ca bmd&&3&&
(83)amJ : {~bmdb
A{VmohZH$s AQ>nQ>r ar{V&&
Vr{Z ^wdZ| dZ{Z gw{Z`V XoIV bJV g~ {dnar{V&&1&&
gmYZ {H$E hmoV ZmqhZ H$Nw> {Q>V Zm H$mbH$s Zr{V&&
lrdb^ H$Zm-H$Q>mN>V hmoV h gXmZX-nX-r{V&&2&&
`h {ddoH$ OmZo {~Z g~ H$moC H$aV h {H$`m g~ Ow AZr{V&&
{hm {OZ Om`mo gmo "Jmo{dX' gmo OZ J`mo g~{ZH$m| Or{V&&3&&
(84)amJ : gmaJ
gdmgVgm| Z m`mo&&
Eogm Ama Zht {^wdZ| Z ~MZ H$ H$[a Om`mo&&1&&
A~ H$Nw> Ama gwhmV Zmht V`m ImZ A nmZr&&
Z AQ>`mo o$`m} Z {$aV h gwT> ogm| gmZr&&2&&
`h {hm OmZo {~Z ^yVb ~S>r hmoV h hmZr&&
lr{d>b-H$ZmV "Jmo{dX'OZ ga~g H$[a R>mZr&&3&&
(85)amJ : JmS>r
^Omo ^VmmgV-gwIX-MaU&&
413

H${bb{ZdmaU ^d{gYwVmaU {ZOOZ-CaU AeaUeaU&&1&&

H$mo{Q>H$Xn-bmd`-dOn{VdXZ {ZapI {ZOOZ X` y$bo&&
AVwb {hm dZ gwZV W{H$V ^E gwa Za w{Z {gd gm{Y ^ybo&&2&&
nWH$ H$[a nw{>nW JQ> ^yVb {H$`m {~Zm gmYZ gJam OJV Cmam&&
H$hV "Jmo{dX' OZ A` Aml` VOm gw{Z`V lrdb^ C`m} OJV
gmam&&3&&
(86)amJ : amlr
{Vhmam "n{VVnmdZ' Zm&&
dOn{V gwZh oar {dZVr hm g~ n{VV{ZH$m Ym&&1&&
g`{Vk dZ gwZV hm ~gV lrJmoHw$b Jm&&
{~Zm gmYZ OJV C`m} nyao OZ-ZHo$ H$m&&2&&
AX^wV {Vhmar {hm gw{Z hm gw{am AmR>m| Om&&
~dmX "Jmo{dX'-WmnZm IS>Z {H$`mo V ~m&&3&&
(87)amJ : {~^mg
d-`emoJmZ-g>-X`m^moO-{d>a
nXH$b-`wJb-n[abH$m mo{h YwH$a H$sO&&&1&&
Ya{hV H$a{hV {dm A kmZ hrZ
aH$ XrZ Om{Z {O` {ZO nXml` H$sO&&1&&&
A~bm OZ H$mo{Q> ^Q>{H$-^Q>{H$ hma m{Z
gw`m Zqh H$Nw> {ddoH$ A~{h {hm Om`m&
h[adXZmZb lrdb^ AmZX` Ad{ZVb
JQ> ^E gw{Z gw^J ya{V gmo Z m`m&&2&&&
{Vhmar H$nm H$Q>mjV A{VXwb^ $b
nmdV gXmZXH$s godm gm| oV {Z~h&
H$hV "Jmo{dX' g~ VOm lrdb^MaZ ^Om
414

{hm A{VJyT> h gmo H${b| Zm H$moD$ bh&&3&&

(88)amJ : Amgmdar
`e:nr`yfbharbm{dVm`ag&&
Vw gmZ {^wdZ| Zmht Ama g~ Zrag Vwna gdg b dmam&&1&&

Omo Cnm` H$ho Ow H$nm H$[a {ZOOZ CaZ hoVw&&

{ZJ-{damoY {ZdmaZH$m| ^w ~mYr ^pV T> goVw&&2&&
dh Vmn dZ gw{ZH$ Agwa{Z Cn`mo mg&&
lrdb^H$m {db Og {Z{g{XZ JmdV "Jmo{dXXmg'&&3&&
(89)amJ : YZmlr
namna db^ gn&&
H$[a H$Zm H${bOwJ| JQ>o {ZJ-H$nV-$n&&1&&
ZI{gI gwXa AmZX` dnw mXg AJ AZyn&&
gw^J ya{VH$m| ZZ{Z {ZaIV mohV AdZr $n&&2&&
`h d$n {hm {~Zw OmZo OJV n`m} ^dHy$n&&
"Jmo{dX' qMVm {Q>r g~ O~ {Za`mo gwIX d$n&&3&&
(90)amJ : ^ad
brbmVagmmrH$VmpIbeara^V
{Vhmao Xag {~Zw H$g| H$[a Or{OE&&
AmJwZ g~ {~gm[a H$nm{>gm| {Zhmar
AnZr {Vkm nm[a Xag mo{h Xr{O`o&&1&&
Y-H$-hrZ AmMma{H$`m ^> g~
kmZ^> Ord g~ {~Z gmYZ Cao&&
`h Vmn dZ gw{ZH$ gwa Za w{Z W{H$V ^E
415

AnZo {O` Om{Z nmg AmE nmBZ nao&&2&&

AgwaZH$m| Cn`m mg {ZOOZ Z ^`mo hbmg
~mb {~aY ZaZmar g~{ZHo$ Z ^mE&&
lr{d>b-nX-namJ-YZ gdg "Jmo{dX' OZ
Ama g~ N>m{S> lrdb^ JwZ JmE&&3&&
(91)amJ : JmS> gmaJ
JmodZpW`wgmh hmam OrdZ mZ AYma&&
dOmYre-dXZ lrdb^ Z dMZ H$ {ZaYma&&1&&
H$[a H$Zm H${bH$mb Kmoa| {ZOOZ {H$`m Cma&&
{~Z gmYZ AnZo o` H$[aH$ YV {Oda AdVma&&2&&
m`m {V{a {ZdmaZH$m| JQ> ^E w{V-gma&&
"Jmo{dX' gdg lrdb^ AJ{ZV JwZ Ow Anma&&3&&
(92)amJ : ZQ>Zmam`Z
Vbrbmoya{V lrdb^ Z ^mE&&
V{O dHw$R> namZX {ZOOZ-CaZ-hoVw
H$Zm H$[a H$nm{ZYmZ AdZrVb AmE&&1&&
{gd {dapM gMrn{V Xod H$mo{Q> VVrgm|
gwa Za w{Z H$[a gm{Y hma m{Z nma H$moC Z nmE&&
gwH$ gZH$m{XH$ ZmaX `mg Ow H$aV ~ImZ
gog dXZ-gh gXm gwOg JwZ JmE&&2&&
gwIX gw~mo{YZr gwZmB ddMZmV nmZ H$amB
JmoHw$bn{V {XE ~VmB lrbN>ZgyZw&&
lr{d>b nXaO "Jmo{dX'H$m gdg h
lrdb^H$s O`O` H$[a M{T> {dmZ ~agV gyZ&&3&&
416

(93)amJ : Jmar
`k^moVm {XZ{U CX`m ^yVb ^`m H$mg&&
O`O`H$ma ^`m {d^wdZ| w{VnW ^`m {dH$mg&&1&&
Xod H$mo{Q> VVrgm XoIV M{T> {dmZ N>m`m AmH$mg&&
{X{d XwXw^r ~OmdZ bmJo gwa Za w{Z nyar Amg&&2&&
m`mdmXr m J`X-Z `knwf XopI Cn`mo mg&&
`h {hm H$moD$ H$qh OmZV JmdV {db Og "Jmo{dX'&&3&&
(94)amJ : dgV
`kH$Vm ~h[a JQ>o lrbUHo$ Joh&&
lrh[a JQ> {H$E gwI-ya{V gZw`mH${V Y[a Xoh&&1&&
gmo d$n lrdb^H$m H$moC OZ nma Z nmd&&
mH$V $n XopI ^ CnOV AgwaZ moh CnOmd&&2&&
`h {hm h {ZJ AJmoMa H$mhHo$ X Z nmd&&
lr{d>b H$Zm H$Q>mN>-~b "Jmo{dX' OZ Og Jmd&&3&&
(95)amJ : dgV
MVwdJ{demaX ^w dOZ {Vnmb&&
{Vhmam Zm CMma {H$EV {Q>V H$mo{Q> OOma&&1&&
lr^mJdV{VnX{Uda^mdmew^w{fVm y{V&&
{Vhmao MaZ-gamoO-aOV hmoV w{VnW y${V&&2&&
Vwgo ^w gwZo Zht H$~h XoIo AmJ Zmht&&
~g~Y H$amB gmnV h J{h T> H$[a ~m{h&&3&&
{Vhmar {gJar ~mV moV ZmqhZ H$hr OmV&&
godm H$Wm H$aV A "Jmo{dX' OZ JwZ JmV&&4&&
417

(96)amJ : nM
g`{Vk {Vkm nmam {Z:gmYZ hm aH$ {Vhmam&&
dOn{V dXZmZb {~Z H${b| ZmqhZ Ama H$moC aIdmam&&1&&
JmoX ngm[a H$aV hm {dZVr Z dMZ H$ H$[aH$ {ZYmam&&
H$am H$Zm H$Zm{ZYmZ moH$m| H${b^wOJ V ^` CnOV ^mam&&2&&
A{V Amdm g{hV XwVa ^dgmJa nXZmH$m X Vmam&&
lrd>b-nXaO "Jmo{dX' H$h {Vhmao gaZ {~Z ZmqhZ {ZVmam&&3&&

dH$s{VdZH$s H$s{V OJ| $b ahr&&

AmZX $n H$aV VmhrH$m| {OZHo$ X` AmB N>hr&&1&&
h[a ~g hm|` gXm {V{ZhrHo$ Omo `h {Z{g{XZ Jmd&&
h[abrbmag amo-amo| {V{ZhrHo$ | Amd&&2&&
{V{ZHo$ XagZ A Zm mV H$mo{Q> XwH$V ^mO&&
H$hV "Jmo{dX' EogoZH$s gJ{VV {Z^` hmoB {ZV JmO&&3&&
(100)amJ : {~^mg
Vdgy^m`dVH$H$m A{V AX^Vw gwOg {db Vr{Z ^wdZ `m`mo&&

(97)amJ : YZmlr
{JwUmVrV OrdZ-YZ mZ&&
Vr{Z bmoH$| `m{n ah`mo Og gwa Za w{Z H$a JmZ&&1&&
XdrOZH$m gdg lrXdb^ BZ {~Zw H$moC Z AmZ&&
fQ>JwZ nyaZ {Oda-dnw Y[a {ZOOZH$mo am`m h mZ&&2&&
lrh[a-dXZmZb AmZX` XoV A^`nX XmZ&&
H$hV "Jmo{dX' Cnm{Y g~ V{O gwIX gwOg H$am nmZ&&3&&
(98)amJ : H$`mZ
Z`{demaXH$m {db Og ^md&&
AnZr ~w{-AZwgma H$hV g~ H$moD$ nma Z nmd&&1&&
{gd {dapM mo{hV gwa Za w{Z g~ {{b H$h H$Nw>H$ ~Vmd&&
lrh[adXZmZb-{hm-JwZ gog gh-wI Jmd&&2&&
lrdb^ ^mZw AdZrVb CX`mo m`m-{V{a-{Z{~S> gwZgmd&&
aH$ "Jmo{dX' lrdb^-nX {~Z AZV Z gtg Zmd&&3&&
(99)amJ : gmaJ
418

H$[a H$Zm H${bOwJ| {Oda AdVma Y`m}

m`mV IS>Z H$[a ~dmX Wm`mo&&1&&
{Vhmar H$bm Ag JQ>o dmZ ~{bamO N>`mo
MaZ EH$ H$[a {{dH$ VrZ ^dZ m`mo&&
dZ gwZV gwagwXar M{T> {dmZ N>m`mo
Z^ XopI AmH$mg A{V COmg nM Ambm`mo&&2&&
{Vhmao MaZ {dwI Ord Z|Hw$ Zmht YaV Yra
AgwaZV g~ dWm O H$m`mo&&
AOh H$Nw> MoVV Zht ^Q>H$V h {Z{gdmga
gn{VHo$ hoV Z H$aV h {dbm`mo&&3&&
H$m H$moY bmo^ moh ga H$[a gmYw gJ
N>m{S> AgXmbmn Agwa{V OJV gVm`mo&&
ggJ{V H$aH$ lr{d>b nXgamoO-aO OJV| `m{n ah`m

"Jmo{dX' OZ grg Y[a N>m`mo&&4&&

(101)amJ : gmoar
m`mdmXm`Vybm{ Vw H${b| ^yVb Xag XrZm&&
419

Eogr JZ Zht ^B ~h[a `h {d{Y g~{h JQ> A~ H$sZm&&1&&

Omo ~mV gwZr Zqh H$~h gmo Vwhmar H$nm~bV h MrZm&&
`h hmaX H$mh Om`mo {OZ m`mo gmo ahV ag^rZm&&2&&
H${bo gwZV g~ ~{V`m VmV ^[a AmdV oar N>{V`m&&
lr{d>b nXaO "Jmo{dX'H$m| XrZm| o`~b `h g~ ^{V`m&&3&&
(102)amJ : nydu
~dmX{Z$nH$ nXaO nmdZH$m `mZ YaV {XZamV&&
Xag-nag hm {Vhmam MmhV Ama H$Nw> Zht Vw {~Z mo` gwhmV&&1&&
Z oam AQ>`mo B{Z ~mV{Z ImZnmZ A~ {H$`mo Z OmV&&
bJZ bm{J ahr lrdb^gm| H$hV Z H$mhgm| mo Z ~hV bOmV&&2&&
AnZo ZV oao ZH$s BN>m VwV {Z~hmV&&
"Jmo{dX' {Vhmamo gwOg {db A{V w${bV Z JwZ JmdV Z AKmV&&3&&
(103)amJ : hma
AmH$VmpIbmH$n^y{fV mona H$nm H$am&&
H$mo{Q>H$ OZ ^E ^Q>H$V H$maO H$Nw> Z gam&&1&&
A~ H$ht Ow hm{Z{Y nmB ~yS>V ~mh nH$am&&
O~ gw{Y hmoV lrdb^H$s V~ {~gaV Xw:I gJam&&2&&
~dmX hmaX OmZo {~Zw H$aV Agwa PJam&&
"Jmo{dX' ^w H${b| CaV h {V gmYZ H$[a Ow Jam&&3&&
(104)amJ : {~hmJamo
ghOpV lrdb^ db^ moH$m| A{V&&
Ama H$Nw> gwPV ZmhtZ gw^J ya{Vgm| bm{J ahr a{V&&1&&
Xdr g{>-CmaZ H$maZ ~hao JQ>o AdZrVb dOn{V&&
420

{Vhmao MaZgamoh V{OH|$ ZmqhZ MmhV H$~h Ama J{V&&2&&

mo Z bJZ bmJr ah AmYr {Z{f Zht hmoV h {d{V&&
{dZVr gwZh H$nm{Z{Y oar B{Z ZZ{Z {ZaIm {Z`{V&&3&&
a{Z{XZm agZm H${h Or{dV hm H$a Omo[a H$am {dZVr&&
"Jmo{dX' OZH$m VZ Z YZ OrdZ gdgw lrXdb^ hm{V&&4&&

(105)amJ : YZmlr
{bmoH$s^yfU mZ-AmYma&&
Xodr Ord-CmaZ-H$maZ YV {Oda AdVma&&1&&
w{V {V gm nwamZ Ho$ H$moD$ Z nmdV nma&&
lrh[a-dXZdph AmZX` lrdb^ {ZaYma&&2&&
lr^mJdV-gwYm-gw {W H$sZm| ^pV-Mma&&
H$[a grpIdo godm {ZOOZH$m| ~VmB {XE w{Vgma&&3&&
H$Zm H$[a H${b| H$Zm{Z{Y lrdb^ hm CXma&&
Omo AdZrVb Xag Z XoVo Vm dgwYm ~yS>V ^ma&&4&&
gmYZ H$mo{Q> H$am {OZ H$moD$ hmoV Zht Cma&&
H$hV "Jmo{dX' lrdb^ gw{ao {~Z hmoV Zht {ZVma&&5&&
(106)amJ : Ho$Xmamo
^y{^m` H${b| Ow Xag {X`m bU-AV-CX{Y {OamO&&
{Z{~S> {V{a m`mdm{X{ZH$m dMZ H$saVZ J`mo Ow ^mO&&1&&
O`O`H$ma ^`mo {^wdZ| gwa Za w{Z Ho$ Owao gmO&&
A~ {V H$am gmoM H$moC Z| nw{>^pV T> ~m{Y nmO&&2&&
{Z:gmYZ {Vhmao gaZ ^`mo aH$ Om{Z A~ amIm bmO&&
gXm {~amOm grg "Jmo{dX'Ho$ lrdb^ {dXwfdX-{gaVmO&&3&&

421

(107)amJ : H$mhamo
ghOgwXa gw^J ya{V oao Z ~gm&&
A` AmbmnV dWm Am`wf hmoV
AdJwZ g~ {~gm[a JV {V Igm&&1&&
gwIgo` dZ gw{Z {Vhmao Am`mo
gaZ AnZo {O` Om{ZH$ X`| Ygm&&
{{dY bOm N>m{S> H$hV "Jmo{dX' OZ
XopI moH$m| db^nX {dwI g~ hgm&&2&&
(108)amJ : JmS> gmaJ
Aeof^Vgm`MaUmOaOmoYZ&&
Omo h nw{>g{>H$m gdg bm{J ahm Vmgm| mo Z&&1&&
Omo A{V Xwb^ gwa Za w{ZZ H$m| g~ mJV h aZ{XZ&&
Ombm H$nm Z hmoB {Vhmar Vmbm XhV g~ VZ&&2&&
O~ Om`mo lrdb^{hm V~ g~ V`mo lrdb^ {~Z&&
gmo lrdb^-lr{d>b-H$ZmV nm`m "Jmo{dX' OZ&&3&&
amJ : {~bmdb
AmZX{Z{YHo$ eV-A>moma ZmmoMma H$am Y[a o&&
lm{dew~w{gm| nT>m AZw{XZ Vm CnO dpZ-nX-o&&1&&
VXH$Z h Onmo JwV A{V nmdm {g{ A wpV&&
{~Z gmYZ Ow hm$b n`V {Z:gXoh hmoB AmgpV&&2&&
VXmVm dWm hr moj$b VmVm {h JVmWVm&&
AZm`mg H$aV gmYZ `OV gdm}mV {Z^`Vm&&3&&
lrXpZHw$ma lr{d>b JQ> {H$`o XdrOZ H$mO&&
H$UagmWu Onm H$h "Jmo{dX' X ~go lrdb^ hmamO&&4&&
422

&&lrgdm}m-Xmohm&&
lrmaHo$e(KZy)Or-H$V
lrdb^ lrnMwV, d~b {deX `h JW&&
A` JW {V Zm ~b, gdm}m `h nW&&1&&
mH$VY {Zdm H$[a, AmH$Vdnw Y&&
{ZJ-H${WV A{V ew `o, lw{V gmH${V {ZO &&2&&
VN>Z J {dXwfHo$, `h H${bH$mb H$mg&&
^mJdV ag JmoMa Zht, ^w{d| hmoB {dH$mg&&3&&
na X`m {ZO ^Vna, {ZOag JQ>Z H$mO&&
h[a~mZr {ZOdXZ {V, {ZOOZ H$ar gmO&&4&&
dm`-CpV Xw~m}Y h, Ogo hmoB gw~moY&&
A>momaeV Zm|, {V~YH$ AK emoY&&5&&
nw{>^pV F${f ApZgwV, OJVr ZmH$m N>X&&
lrH$Um` gw XodVm, H$Zm ~rO AX&&6&&
^pV{df {V~Y g~, Zme H$aZ {d{Z`moJ&&
H$UmYamV {{dY, {ZM` {g{ {d^moJ&&7&&
W Zm AmZX h nydXb g`moJ&&
BH$ Xb {deH${bVmZw^d, Y {Xb `moJ&&8&&
namZX {d`moJ h, {d`moJ CX~w&&
gd{bV AZw^d {Xb|, ag eJma ~w&&9&&
{Xb lrH$Um` h, Omo lrH$U AZyn&&
Am{X ` AdgmZ ag, {dhaV EH$ d$n&&10&&
gXm H$nm{Z{Y Xdrna, {VjU CR>V VaJ&&
{ZH$Q> XoeH$m ^Z H$[a, Xw[aV Agwa ~{haJ&&11&&
423

XdrZHo$ Cma {V, AV:H$aZ `Z&&

OmJ$H$ BN>m ~b, `m| gwV aZ&&12&&
d{Vm H$me H$[a, Ama{V JQ> gmB&&
Ogo dZ| doUwH$V, ZmX mam AmB&&13&&
JyT> AW lr^mJdV, em Am{XV gV&&
H$aV ~moY ag gmoY H$[a, Ama{V H$[a Oo VV&&14&&
WmnH$ `o gmH$ma Ho$, ~dmX h EH$&&
AgXdmX g~ ey` h, `m| nmdgHo$ ^oH$&&15&&
Omo nmaJV doXHo$, gmo OmZV `h ^oX&&
IS>kmZ mZ Zqh, `m| ge` CN>oX&&16&&
JB A{dm OrdH$s, ~ ^`mo A{ddmX&&
{dmnd V~ Ca ah`mo, o{fV m`mdmX&&17&&
gd Hw$dmX {Zamg H$[a, MmmUV AV&&
doX gy JrVm {{bV, lr^mJdV eV&&18&&
^pVmJ ^w{d H$b h, mmS> `h EH$&&
AO-H$meH$ ^mZw h, H$aV Hw$wX `{VaoH$&&19&&
r-eym{X gW Zqh, {VZhH$m Cma&&
~ j{`, ^pV H$[a, `m| Z hmoB {ZVma&&20&&
AJrH$V gm`V, {` bmJV Jmonre&&
`m| lr`wZm gJV, JJm {V dO-Be&&21&&
AJrH$V Xdr {Z`V, Amgwar {V `mX&&
Xoh^md ~mYH$ Zht, Amgwa Ord {dfmX&&22&&
Omo mJ gmo Xoh V~, bjU H$Zm`wV&&
~hV XoV mJo {~Zm, hmX`m-g`wV&&23&&
{d^w `mnH$ {ZO ^V Ca, Ogm dX` ^md&&
gmo {ZO^md H$me H$[a, na-H$nmb d^md&&24&&

XoV AXo` {dXYV, gwYm gw gdm^moJ&&

doUwZmX {~Z eX JwU, doUwJrV Cn`moJ&&25&&
^JdX^mo`-gwYm Ana, hm CXma M[a&&
Xod^mo`H$m XmZ Vm, h H$w` Z {M&&26&&
mH$V AZwH$V `mO H$[a, Amgwa mZd moh&&
lrX {O AdVma|, CV Xdr OmoB&&27&&
ddmZa {MV YwI, {d{dY Abm{H$H$ dpZ&&
XmdmZb nmZ H$[a CU {h, Vmn {ZdmaH$ ApZ&&28&&
db^ {V`mZX h, lrdb^ CnZm&&
da{V H$U lrH$U V~, {ZO {V gwXa `m&&29&&
ewgd gn h, {MXmZX g&&
gV {MV AmZX H$U n{V, `wH$ gnwQ> &&30&&
gV gm| gd {dew h, h[a mH$Q>WmZ&&
{ZM` {hVH$V {g h, Eogo H$nm{ZYmZ&&31&&
H$U-o-godm H$aV, godH$ {e{jV hmoV&&
`m| AJw{b Aja {bI, ~mbH$H$m CmoV&&32&&
ya{V d{ {Zdm H$[a, {ZpIb XoV Omo B>&&
{V~YH$ m`m Q>a, gmo gmX CpN>>&&33&&
gdbjU {dm H$bm, nyaU JwU gnZ&&
OmH$m Oogm C{MV $b, Vgmo XoV gZ&&34&&
kmZ XoV lrH$UH$m, ^pVg{hV Omo ^md&&
{{dY Abm{H$H$ JwU H$h, V aO gd gw^md&&35&&
Jw O~ X{jU H$U|, H$aV CnXoe&&
~{haVa nyaU ^`mo, {g ^JdXmXoe&&36&&
XmZ XoV VC nyU h, VwpXbH$a dmZX&&
`m| Ob apJhUV, gmJa {dgX AX&&37&&

424

425

n w$pbV Xbge, Am`V bmoMZH$moa&&

AV:pWV Omo JwV ag, JQ> H$aV ag Omoa&&38&&
H$nm{>H$s d{> H$[a, h{fV Xmgr Xmg&&
{VZH$m| {` bmJV gH$b, T> CnOV {ddmg&&39&&
n{VbjU ajU {Z`V, H$mbm{XH$-^` OmV&&
Amn g~ZV ^` a{hV, n{V{ZM` {d`mV&&40&&
amof{>Ho$ nmV H$[a, ^Vofr Xmh&&
^JdXr`-H$mm{X g~, WmnZ H$aV gamh&&41&&
nw{> nw{>godm H$aV, ew^pV O~ nw{>&&
godm gmYZ mZgr, $b$nm gVw{>&&42&
gwIgodZ VZw{dmOm, nydXb g`moJ&&
EH$mXg gbmn g~, Bp` h[aH$V ^moJ&&43&&
Xw:I A{YH$ Amam` h, $b mZgr Cn`moJ&&
Mjy{M nMd bm, `o Xg Xgm {d`moJ&&44&&
Xwb^ {OZH$m| bm^ h, Eogo ApKgamoO&&
A` VOm `ohr ^Om, N>{~ bpI `pV ZmoO&&45&&
CJ H$> Vmn h, g~H$m| b` Ae`&&
^pVd{ OmH$m| ^B, erVb godZ e`&&46&&
dmJ-AV ny[aV H$aV, godH$ a{gH$ Aeof&&
Ag{nV V{O {df` {V, A`ml`U {deof&&47&&
lr^mJdV-gwYm-Ob{Y-WZ-{dMma-gW&&
lw{V$nm dUZ H$aV, VmH$m {ddaU AW&&48&&
gwYm{gYw lr^mJdV, AV gmaH$m gma&&
amg-dOr-^md g~, ny[aV dnw {ZYma&&49&&
Omo OZ gm{Z` bh, XoV o lrH$U&&
V~ {ZamoY $b `gZ bm, nyaU g~ hr VU&&50&&
426

V~ {deof J{V XoV h, Mh{X{g {MV EH$&&

`h {dwVH$m $n h, H$U^md gd&&51&&
W mU o` A, gmYZ $b agamg&&
ewH$ ~aZV brbm gH$b, amg-H$mg-{dH$mg&&52&&
H$nm{> OmH$m| {bV, H$nmnm dh Xmg&&
H$aU $bH$s {ZO H$Wm, Vm {V H$hV H$mg&&53&&
{dah EH$ AZw^d H$aZ, `mJ H$aV CnXoe&&
AV{hV V~ M bpI, JmonrJrV gwXoe&&54&&
^OZ^oX {` Z H${h, Z ^Oo ^{OE `o`&&
^OZ nana JmU h, XmoB w` h ho`&&55&&
AmamYZ gmo H$nW, `h Cm gH$&&
Ho$eJWZ nwnmdM`, aU-daUH$m &&56&&
`mJm{XH$ {ZH$m {d{Y, H$aV gH$b ^pV AJ&&
`h CnXoe Aeof OZ, lw{V {V ^pV gJ&&57&&
`mJ H$aV {ZH$m V, hmoV moj A{V dN>&&
AmnwZ nyUmZX h, Z{h BN>m `h VwN>&&58&&
`mJ gH$m {~mZ $b, AV ^moJ `h dJ&&
H$m nyU {OZH$m| g~, H$hm dJ AndJ&&59&&
{ZJ dmn{V Amn h, C^` dJ$b hmW&&
OmH$mo Ogr H$mZm, nyaV A{dH$V ZmW&&60&&
{OZH$m| ~moY {deof h, {VZhtHo$ `o Bg&&
H$aZ AH$aZ A`WmH$aZ, {Z`V OJXrg&&61&&
dVm Zm-ghHo$, H$UZm g~ yb&&
lr^mJdV H$mg H$[a, aU gH$b AZwHy$b&&62&&
aU {g {OZH$m| ^`mo, ew g` Cn`wV&&
dpW{V {Z`V {Zdmg Ca, eof ^md g`wV&&63&&
427

ew^pV-{dVmaH$m|, ZmZm-dm`-{ZpV&&
dmUrm mU h, {bV ^pVH$s `wpV&&64&&
dmW C{OPV mUgwI, Z H$ dMZ {`&&
gwT> Abm{H$H$ ^md H$[a, godV gXm dH$s`&&65&&
H$ JmU godm A{YH$, {Mm ew{ {H$qh hoV&&
Amn H$ H$[a XmgH$m|, {Mmew{$b XoV&&66&&
dH$V H$$b dr`{hV, gdepV {Vnmb&&
amO JYoe `m|, {VZ {V H$U H$nmb&&67&&
Amkm bm OJ Xag X, Ord H$aV Cma&&
AmJo ^pV gmaH$m|, ~g {H$`mo {dVma&&68&&
{dm{XH$-H$V ~g|, w` ~g {nV-ar{V&&
Amg{>-df` Zqh, h[a-UrV {ZO r{V&&69&&
eof^md {dJh X`, ^mdwH$ $b VmXm`&&
OZ-CaU-Aeof gwV-de Wm{n mhm`&&70&&
` Omo Jd {Zdm H$ar, dHw$b gd {ZH$bH$&&
AmgmV lrH$UH$V, VmV| ^md {Z:eH$&&71&&
n{VH$m dV {OZH$m {Z`V, {VZHo$ n{V {ZYma&&
MmVH$ A ~mdV `h U {ZM` Yma&&72&&
gwI `h nabmoH$ H$m, XmZ XZH$m Zo&&
`m| AZ` {MVZ H$a, XoV `moJ A jo&&73&&
hXme` AZw^d hV, `mV| X` {ZJyT>&&
Eogo ^wHo$ gaZ Zqh Vo OJ CnOo yT>&&74&&
Oo AZ` {ZO^V h|, {VZ {V Amg` XmZ&&
km{nV H$aV gZ h, ^JdXr` gmZ&&75&&
CnmgZm{XH$ nW|, gaZ H$ho A{Vmoh&&
gmo {Zdm[a {ZO J{V XB, H$-Y-gXmoh&&76&&

XmZm{XH$ gmYZ {H$`o, `m| CnOV h ^pV&&

gJwZ B`mgr ^oX|, gaZ {ZfoY-gpV&&77&&
nWH$^md JwZV| nWH$, nWH$ gaZ CnXoe&&
{ZJwZ^pV {ZHo$V h, Xwb^ bm^ dOoe&&78&&
hmaX Omo lrH$UH$mo, gmo OmZV h Amn&&
nWH$-eaU-CnXoe X, nw{>^pV T> N>mn&&79
brbm Hw$O-{ZHw$OH$s {VjU ny[aV ^md&&
nydXb g`moJ ag, g{ZYmZ AZw^md&&80&&
^moJ AZmgaHo$ {df, CmaXb Cn`moJ&&
H$hV H$Wm agZ h, XagZ dZ {d`moJ&&81&&
~mha AZwgYmZ Zqh, AV:o-g{&&
^aJrV Aml Vwar`, {d`moJ agd{&&82&&
dOrZH$m {` gXm, lrdb^ {` Zm&&
bmoH$`m{n dHw$R>{`, `mV {` h Ym&&83&&
dOH$s pW{V {` bJV h, `m| {` bJV dOr`&&
C^` Abm{H$H$ r{V h, C^` Abm{H$H$ dr`&&84&&
brbm nw{>H$mg H$[a na AZwJh H$mof&&
gdmZX Ab` Zqh, H$nmZX gVmof&&85&&
Omo brbm^mdZ H$aV, gmo dnw Ya H$mg&&
ah{g na {` bJV h, AZw^d O~ AdH$mg&&86&&
A{YH$V BN>m ^VH$s, nyaV H$nm{ZYmZ&&
gd}da gdmm `m|, OZ-BN>m {ZO mZ&&87&&
nw{>^pV-CnXog {~Z, `h brbm AkmV&&
`m| Jm`r {~Z, {O {V doX {N>nmV&&88&&
A{VmohZ ZH$m haZ, Eogo {ZOOZ gmW&&
brbmdoe agk H$[a nw{>^VHo$ ZmW&&89&&

428

429

gd-AgV A^V gm|, AZw^d Zht {ddoH$&&

nH$O Yw YwH$a JhV, nH$ ^IV h ^oH$&&90&&
^Vm-AmgV Vo, w` ^V `h N>mn&&
^y gw Hw$^O {d`V, h[anX OZ X Wmn&&91&&
n{VV-Xoh nmdZ H$aV, OrZH$m Jh {V~Y&&
Jm`r lw{VnW|, ^pV ~g~Y&&92&&
d`gJmZV X`H$b, w${bV {ZO gwWmZ&&
`m| lrOwZmaoZw na, ag Cmar` YmZ&&93&&
AV{gYw agbh[aV, A` VwN> agZ&&
`m| {garHo$ dmXV, JwS>H$s amd {d{^Z&&94&&
`h ag na CH$> h, A` Hw$ag OJ $X&&
wpV ~mZXV CXYV ^OZmZX&&95&&
brbm-ag-nr`yfV, Am-Am OZ H$sZ&&
ewH$d Obg{hV gm|, gJ bJ VbrZ&&96&&
lrJmodYZd` OZ, pW{VH$m A{V Cgmh&&
{ZH$Q> nwqbXr ^V H$[a, gdJVm{X dmh&&97&&
brbm {J[a CaZ gw{Z, ^V VOV F$U gV&&
Am`moJ AZw^mdV, ony{V J{V VV&&98&&
`k^moJ h[a eb~{b, ^moOZ wIH$mo Y&&
Bp` BH$ Jmob {Y, ag{MV-~mZr H$&&99&&
nyOm {J[aH$s `k H${V, wIV Amkm XoV&&
`k^moJ n{hb H$h`mo, Bd{> {V hoV&&100&&
MVwdJ nwfmW X, Xm` Y h[a AW&&
H$m {Xjm moj gmo, {Mm lrH$U gW&&101&&
OmJH$ BN>m ~b, VmV| g`{Vk&&
nw{> MVw{dY XoV h, B{JV H$U A{^k&&102&&
430

g`{Vk H$aV `m|, {ZM` {JwUmVrV&&

H${VO` aO gd V, Vo mH$VH$s arV&&103&&
gwZ`-{demaX ghO JwZ, Xdr OrdHo$ ^mJ&&
JmoHw$boebrbm gH$b, Wm{nV {ZO AZwamJ&&104&&
H$s{mdYZ gw {ZO, H$U gw `m| ^V&&
g~V maJ gw `h, gw ^JdXmgpV&&105&&
VdgyHo$ ^m`V, H$s{V d{ {dew&&
gmH${V ~ nM {ZV, AUw h Ord ~w&&106&&
`mnH$ Ord Ag` OJ, ~ {ZamH${V EH$&&
m`mdmX {dVyb {V, ApZ$n naN>oH$&&107&&
~dmX gmH$ma h, ey`dmX g~ Amoa&&
`mZ ey`H$m H$aV h, OmH$m H$h Zqh R>ma&&108&&
AmH$V Am^aU g~, {VnX lr^mJdV&&
fQ>JwU ` Eod` `h, CmaH$ CmoV&&109&&
ghO pV gmo dr` h, XdrH$mo Zqh moh&&
Agwa moh| Z h, H$Q> namH$ Omoh&&110&&
^yfU `e XyfUa{hV dOZ gJ {bmoH$&&
nwnmbH$s JY `m|, h[a`e g[a {dbmoH$&111&&
^y{^m` lr Y h, godH$ Vme $n&&
JwUdf` d^md h, JwUg H${V AZyn&&112&&
gwXa ghO d$n h, Zqh m`mH$V bog&&
kmZgw V~ Om{ZE, {Z` ^JdXmdoe&&113&&
gd^Vgm` h, MaUmOaO ^m`&&
gd{ZdoXZ r{VH$a, godm T> dam`&&114&&
H$h {dgX AmZX{Z{Y, A>momaeV Zm&&
lm ~w{ {dew H$[a, AZw{XZ n{T> {dm&&115&&
431

haV `w eV Am`wH$m|, Q>maV Zm Hw$Xmof&&

`mZX fQ>JwZ g{hV, A>momaeV Vmof&&116&&
CV {g{ {ZYma `m|, dXV ApZgwV g`&&
H$nm{> H$maZ {Z`V, Xmam H$hm An`&&117&&
CV {g{H$s mpV {~Zw, wpV ^B Vm `W&&
CV {g{ {ZM` ^B, BN>m wpV {ZaW&&118&&
{ZO gdm}m JW|, gXmZX ag b`&&
Amd V~ bm nmR> H$[a, {$a O~ ^mdwH$ Aj&&119&&
Zrb ObX gwpWa bI, pWa Xm{Zr {{b bhmoV&&
pWaVm ZH$s hmoB, O~ pWa gw^m` CmoV&&120&&
nwfmombrbmOb{Y, gwpWV {dJh eof&&
Mwa ^mdV XmZ {ZO, "maHo$e' gXoe&&121&&

&&lrgdm}mOrZw Ymob&&
^bo H$Q>m lrdb^Xod, lrnwfmom ^yVb $arOr&&
Zht mH$V YZmo boe, AmH$V {ZOdnw YarOr&&1&&
H$ao {ZJ {Z$nU E, Vo gmH$maZr Vw{V H$arOr&&
hm H${bH$mbm{XH$ Xmof, n{S>VZr pQ> {V{a ^arOr&&2&&
{hm Zd OmUo Ooh, Vo H$hrE Iam gwaA[aOr&&
dhmbo X`m H$ar wI$n, {ZObrbm H$Q> H$arOr&&3&&
OoZr dmUr A{V Xw~m}Y, Wm` gw~moY OoUo H$arOr&&
VoZm AQ>momaeV Zm, Vo H$hrE hmAKharOr&&4&&
OoZm F${fda ApZHw$ma, OJVr N>X Zmo YarOr&&
lrH$U H$bwI Xod, ~rO pQ> H$Um^arOr&&5&&
OoZr ^pVm AVam`, Vo ZmeZw `moOZ g{hOr&&
432

Amno AYamVZr {g{, Vo `o {ZMo H$arOr&&6&&

T>mi
dhmbmo AmZX namZX H$hodm`&&
lrH$U H$bwI H$nm{Z{Y Wm`&&7&&
dhmbmo Xdr CmaU `Z Cnm`&&
OoZm aU mWr Ama{V Om`&&8&&
lr^mJdV JyT>mW H$Q>m`&&
gmH$ma ~Zmo dmX Wnm`&&9&&
doXnmaJ MmX ^wdZ H$hodm`&&
m`mdmX {ZamH$V gm {br Jm`&&10&&
gddm{X {Zamg H$sYm Vo bIm`&&
^pVmJ gag H$b {dH$gm`&&11&&
reym{XH$Zo Cmadm gW&&
OoZm gmYZ ~iWr Z Wm` AW&&12&&
AJrH$ma mWr gd dH$s`o&&
H$sYm lrJmonrOZ n{VZo {`o&&13&&
AJrH$ma H$ao `mXmZwgma&&
hmH$UmdV gW Anma&&14&&
dhmbmo AXo`XmZ XodmZo MVwa&&
hmCXma M[a H$ao ~hnya&&15&&
brbm XoImS>r mH$VZr Ooh&&
Vo {fo mo`m gwa [anw Voh&&16&&
ddmZa lrdb^ N>o Zm&&
dhmbmo gwXa$n dOZ {hVH$m&&17&&
H$U ^pV H$ao OZ{ejmH$mO&&
433

Amno ApIb BQ> lrdb^amO&&18&&

gd bjUWr gnZ {ddoH$&&
lrH$U kmZXmVm Jw EH$&&19&&
nmoVmZm AmZX WH$s ~h nwQ>&&
EZm H$b ngo Zo gVwQ>&&20&&
H$nmpQ>Zr dpQ>Wr ha`m Z&&
Vo Xmg Xmgr {` n{VZo AZ`&&21&&
amofpQ> H$ao ^pV ew Omi&&
^V godVm gwI godm agmi&&22&&
Orao ^pV {dZm Zht godm gm`&&
Vo H$maUWr H$hrE Xwamam`&&23&&
OoZm MaU gamoO Xwb^ Xem`&&
VoZm CJ Vmn bmoH$ H$hodm`&&24&&
dMZmV H$ar ny`m godH$Zm AW&&
lr^mJdV AVWZ gW&&25&&
VoZmo gma H$hrE dO gwXarZmo ^md&&
VoUo n[anyaU N>o Xoh ^amd&&26&&
gmpZ` mWr XmZ H$ao H$Uo&&
^pV wpV XodmZw EhZo Zo&&27&&
EH$ amgbrbmm VoZw VmZ&&
^w H$nm H$arZo H$ao H$WmZw XmZ&&28&&
dhmbmo {dahZm AZw^dZo {hV H$mO&&
gd `mJ OUm`mo lrdb^amO&&29&&
CnXoe H$`m} ^pVmJ AmMma&&
bmoH$ mho H$`m} H$mJ Mma&&30&&
doXem H$`m `km{XH$ XmZ&&
434

VoZw $i `mXm^pVZw XmZ&&31&&

^w nyUmZX N>o nyaU H$m&&
gadVrZm n{V Xod Be A{^am&&32&&
dhmbo gh H$`m nwfmom Zm&&
{ZOOZZo Aml`Zw N>o Ym&&33&&
^pVmJZr arVo H$adm CnXoe&&
~h JW H$arZo Q>m`mo ge`Zmo boe&&34&&
OoZo nmdmZo N>moS>`m mUWr {`o&&
Edm ^V gmO {~amOo lr`o&&35&&
Amn gmYZ H$ao {ZO XmgZo H$mO&&
Edm gW lrdb^ hmamO&&36&&
H$adm ^pV Mma ^yVb mhr&&
de H$sYm {nVm WBZo Jhr ~mhr&&37&&
gd} gm` Y`w nmoVmZo de&&
Jd Xya H$ar Q>m`mo ge`Zmo Ae&&38&&
^w n{VdVmZm n{V gmjmV&&
H$ao `h bmoH$ nabmoH$ XmZ {d`mV&&39&&
OoZm AVH$aU N>o JyT> Anma&&
AJrH$VZo OUm`mo ZZmo {dMma&&40&&
CnmgZm{XH$ mJ Oo A`&&
VoZmo moh Q>mirZo H$sYmo godH$ AZ`&&41&&
H$`m} {Z`` Oo ^pV gdWr {deof&&
H$sYmo eaU mJZmo Owdmo CnXoe&&42&&
lrH$UZm ZZr OmUo dmV&&
brbm Hw$O{~hmar n[anyaU JmV&&43&&
H$Wmag Z gXm N>o {Mm&&
435

{dg`w gm Vo WH$s ~rOw {dm&&44&&

{` N>o KUw dOZo dOZmo dmg&&
H$ao nwpQ>brbm EH$mV {dbmg&&45&&
H$ao ^VoN>m n[anyaU XmZ&&
Zht {ZO brbmZw H$moBZo kmZ&&46&&
A{Vmo{hV OoZw erb KUw&&
Zqh bmoH$ {dfo AmgpV AUw&&47&&
{ZO ^V {dfo AmgpV N>o EH$&&
^w nmdZ H$sYm n{VV AZoH$&&48&&
Oo H$ao nmoVmZm JwUZw JmZ&&
VoZm X` H$b ahodmZw WmZ&&49&&
{ZO `e$nr AV bhoar&&
VoWr ^tOdr gd ag dmgZm har&&50&&
^w nmoVo gd WH$s N>o na&&
Z H$ao Vw`Vm H$moB Ada&&51&&
brbmag AV VaJ ~h&&
^rO`m N>o ^V eara gh&&52&&
{M Amno JmodZ {J[a dmg&&
Vo brbmm N>o A{Ve` Chmg&&53&&
H$ao `k^moJ Zo `kH$&&
Amno AW H$m Zo moj Y&&54&&
^w g` dMZ N>o {JwUmVrV&&
Zr{V MVwamB N>o A{V AJ{UV&&55&&
H$adm nmoVmZr H$s{V H$me&&
H$`w `mggyZw ZyVZ ^m`&&56&&
A{V VwN> Vy` Oo m`mdmX&&
436

H$ar ^mpZ Wm`mo ~dmX&&57&&

AmH$V ^yfUZr A{V H$m{V&&
hgVm wI emo^o N>o ~h ^m{V&&58&&
^w U bmoH$Zm ^yfU gma&&
H$Q>`m YaUrZw ^m` Anma&&59&&
^w gwXaVm N>o A{V AZyn&&
Ho$ dUZ H$ar eHw$ E d$n&&60&&
gm mJ N>o nmoVmZm OZ&&
MaUmaqdXZr aO Oo YZ&&61&&
E H$`m EH$gmoZo AmR>o Zm&&
lrdb^ AmZXZw N>o Ym&&62&&
dbU
Oo H$moB lm H$ar {Z` Jm`oao&&
VoZw Z nhobw pWa Wm`oao&&63&&
AYamVZr {g{ nmoao&&
Vom ge`Zw Zht Zmoao&&64&&
E nm`m {dZm moj N>o hrZao&&
VoZm $bm wpV N>o brZao&&65&&
VoWr gdm}m On H$admoao&&
lrH$U ago Z ^admoao&&66&&
lr{dR>R>b CM[aV E Zmao&&
Oo Jm`o nyao VoZm H$mao&&67&&
VoZmo O g$b H$ar boIoao&&
lrdO^yfUOr VoZm gwI XoIoao&&68&&
B{V lrgdm}mOrZw Ymoi gmV.
437

&&lrgdm}m-~YmB&&
lr{J[aYaOr (VVr` Jh) H$V
amJZQ>
Omon lrdb^$n Z OmZ&&
Vmo H$go `h brbmHo$ {ZV g~Y H$[a mZ&&1&&
mH$V {ZpIb Y Z{h nagV AmH$V Omo ~ImZ&&
{Vnm{XV {ZJm{XH$ dMZZ gmH$V {g{ {ZXmZ&&2&&
H${bH$mbm{X XmofHo$ VH$a n{S>V h Z{h OmZ&&
g{V A{df` VmhrV h ^wd mXw^md H$hmZ&&3&&
X`m XopI {ZO ^md H$Q>H$m| XoV mhm` XmZ&&
~mUr H$a O~ V~ VZO wIH$m mXw^md ~ImZo&&4&&
{VZH$m| H$`mo A~moY g~ZH$m| VwaV gw~moY ~ImZo&&
AQ>momeV Zm OnZ H$a nmn hmoV g~ hmZ&&5&&
ApZHw$ma F$frda ~a`m| OJVr N>X ~ImZ&&
go`$n lrH$UagmZZ ~rO H$m{ZH$ OmZ&&6&&
H$[a {d{Z`moJ ^pV`moJ| {V~Y g~ hmZ&&
AYamV agdmXH$UH$m `h {g{ H$a mZ&&7&&
AmZX namZX $n` H$UwImH${V AmZ&&
H$nm{gYw Xdr OrdmomaH$ {V Am{V {h ZgmZ&&8&&
lr^mJdVJyT>mWZH$m| H$Q> nam`U OmZ&&
JmodYZYa gmH$V {ZM` WmnH$ doX ~ImZ&&9&&
m`mdmX {ZamH$aZ H$a gH$b dmX ~b hmZ&&
mJ ^pV H$b H$a ~aZm| {VZHo$ a{dH$a mZ&&10&&
438

ZaZmar Cma H$aZH$m| gaW H$Q> H$hmZ&&

AJrH$V H$[a Jmonrn{V mZd {ZO de H$[a J{h AmZ&&11&&
AJrH$V-`mXm-~moYH$ H$Zm H$[a {d^w JmZ&&
ZmqhZ {X`m H$mhZo Eogm XmZ nam`Z OmZ&&12&&
hmCXma M[a {OZHo$ {ZO JmdV {ZJ ~ImZ&&
H$[a mH$V AZwH${V moho gwa[anw OZ dX gmZ&&13&&
Omon ApZ$n db^$n Ob{Y Zmqh AmZ&&
^VZHo$ {hV H$maZ Eogo Zqh XoIo Z H$hmZ&&14&&
godH$ OZ {ejmHo$ H$maZ H$U^pV H$Q>mZ&&
{ZpIb gpQ> BQ>Ho$ XmVm BN>m `h Z mZ&&15&&
bjU gdgnZ hm^w H$U kmZ `h XmZ&&
`mhr V Jw doX nwamZ nwH$mao H$hV namZ&&16&&
AmZX^a n[anyaZ A~wOZ`Z XopI bbMmd&&
H$nmpQ> AmZX X Xmg Xmgr {`m n{V OmZ&&17&&
amofpQ>Ho$ nmV ^E V| ^V dX [anw hmZ&&
`mhr V ^VZ H$[a go{dV `h {ZYma ~ImZ&&18&&
gwH$ H$m godZ H$[a`o OmH$m Xwamam` H$[a mZ&&
Xwb^ MaZH$b OmHo$ {ZO CJ Vmn H$hmZ&&19&&
~mZr H$[a nyaV godH$ OZ {ZO gaZmJ{V AmZ&&
lr^mJdV gw WZ H$[a amg $n h[a OmZ&&20&&
gmpZ` V Ow {X`m {hV h[a H$m ^pV wpVHo$ XmZ&&
brbm amg {dbmg EH$ a{M H$nm H$Wm namZ&&21&&
AZw^d {dah H$aZH$m| g~H$m `mJ EH$ Z mZ&&
^pV AmMma {XIm`mo OZH$m| maJ H$ {ZXmZ&&22&&
`mJm{XH$ ^pVZHo$ gmYH$ Z H$o dM H$[a OmZ&&
nyUmZX nyaZ a{Vn{V dmJYre JwZ JmZ&&23&&
439

`mhr V {d~wYoda nXH$s H${h`V {gV| {ZgmZ&&

H$U ghZmHo$ Xm`H$ ^V nam`U mZ&&24&&
^pV AmMma {d{dY ~moYZH$m| ZmZm dMZ ~ImZ&&
AnZo H$mO VOo mZZ V {` nXmaW OmZ&&25&&
Vme ^V{Z H$[a n[adopQ>V XoH$V {V {hamZ&&
Xmg OZZHo$ {hVHo$ H$maZ gmYZ g~ XagmZ&&26&&
gH$b gpV `h $n {XImdV lrdb^ h[a mZ&&
^yVb nwpQ> H$Q> H$[adoH$m| lr{dR>R>b {Z{Y AmZ&&27&&
{nVm ^E am`m {hm g~ AnZo Hw$b {Y OmZ&&
Xy[a {H$`m h[a m`mVH$m| Jd Amn Y[a mZ&&28&&
n{VdVm n{V nmabm{H$H$ `h bm{H$H$ daXmZ&&
JyT> X` ^VZ Z Amg` Xm`H$ na JwZ JmZ&&29&&
CnmgZm{XH$ mJ H$[aHo$ wY moh ZgmZ&&
mJ ^pV H$Q> H$[a g~V dbj` R>hamZ&&30&&
gaZ AmE V {bE kmZ H$U X`H$s OmZ&&
{VjU Zd {ZHw$O brbmag nyaZ {ZO Z mZ&&31&&
{VZH$s H$Wm {ddg {MV hHo$ {~gao g~ JwZ AmZ&&
dOn{V {` Vm{hH$m| H${h`V {` dOdmg ~ImZ&&32&&
brbm nwpQ> H$aZ E H${h`V ^V H$m Y XmZ&&
g~{Z AOmZr brbm B{ZH$s moh $n H$hmZ&&33&&
g~V T> AmgV ^B ^Vdg n{VV n{d ~ImZ&&
`g AnZo JwZJmZ dZ V AZX ~ImZ&&34&&
`enr`ygbharZ H$[a N>mSo> A` ^md na OmZ&&
brbmVag H$[a nmof g~ H$hV {$aV hmamZ&&35&&
JmodYZdmg Cgmh EH${MV brbmo gmZ&&
`k^moJ ~{b `k H$aZH$m| Mma doX {dH$gmZ&&36&&
440

g`{Vkm {JwZmVrV gw{Z Zmo{V{dgmaX OmZ&&

H$s{V ~T>Z hmVd gy H$mgH$ mZ&&37&&
m`mdmX Vyb CybZ ApZ $n H${h JmZ&&
~dmX CmaZ H$maZH$m| ^yVb O ~ImZ&&38&&
AmH$V ^yfZ n[a^y{fV ghO hmg wI R>mZ&&
~bmoH$ ^wdbmoH$ agmVbHo$ ^yfZ `wV OmZo&&39&&
CYao ^m` Ad{ZVbHo$ {ZO gwXa ghO H$hmZ&&
^V{Z H$[a go{dV {ZO nXaO VoB ~h YZ XmZ&&40&&
`h H$ma AmZX{Z{Y ^wHo$ Zm nXmaW JmZ&&
AQ>momaJV Vo H${WV Oo AnZo gdd mZ&&41&&
lXXm {Zb ~w{ H$[a Oo {Z` nT>V ^VOZ mZ&&
EH${Mm H$[aH$ AYamV {g{ `mhr V OmZ&&42&&
dWm wpV {~Z nm`o VmHo$ nm`o `h J{V mZ&&
H$U nXmaW ag J{h~oH$m| On H$[a`V h amZ&&43&&
B{h {d{Y {XdOHw$b n{VHo$ {J[aYa Zm {~VmZ ~ImZ&&
lrdb^ lr{d>b ^wH$m| {ZO AZwMa H$[a mZ&&44&&

lrgdm}mYma
lrdO^yfUOr (VVr` Jh) H$V
amJ:H$m$s
lrdb^ oao Z ~gmo hmo&A~hmo oao bbZm&&
A~ moH$m| Ama Z H$Nw> gwhm`&
E gmo^m {^wdZ| Z gm`, dXZ N>{~ {ZaIV Z Z AYm`&&
Ydw &&1&&
441

H$ZdmS>m grm A{V gwXa, gwIX H$mH$admam Jm&&

~{bOmC mg dgmI H$U EH$mXgr H$Q>o lrbU Ym&&2&&
mH$V $n a{hV AmH$V, Y g{hV gmH$ma&&
{ZJ {Z${nV lrnwfmom, dXZ A{Zb AdVma&&3&&
H$[a H$Zm {ZO {hm lrh[a, H$Q> H$aZHo$ H$mO&&
ddXZ AZb $n AmZX`, H$Q> lrdb^amO&&4&&
Xdr Ord CmaZ {hV h[a, Ya`mo {XdOda AdVma&&
^yVZmW H${Q>V mJ V, Zm{hZ hmoV {ZVma&&5&&
m`mdmX V ~T>`m ^yVb|, a{d {~Zw Zmqh COmg&&
gya lrdb^ H$Q> hmoBHo$ w{VnW {H$`mo h H$mg&&6&&
lr^mJdV {VnX {Uda, ^y{fV ^y{fV AJ&&
gH$b nwamZ gm w{V {V H$m, H$sZm {damoYH$mo ^J&&7&&
lr^mJdV AV CX{Y ag, {ZO OZ nmZ H$am`&&
o g{hV dOOZH$s godm, {gIdV Amn ~Vm`&&8&&
{ZJ ~ImZV ^yVb dJ| CX`m BXw&&
namZX $n V H$Q>o H$U godmag {gYw&&9&&
gmYZ a{hV Ord H${b`wJHo$, Xdr {H$E gZmW&&
nH$[a ~mh nwfmom gm|no, OZ {ga Y[a {ZO hmW&&10&&
gy ^m` gw~mo{YZr H$sZr, ZmZm JW {Z~Y&&
~dmX gmH$ma H$Q>m`mo, Q>ma`mo dr` {V~Y&&11&&
H$nmpQ> dpQ> AVag, gtMo Xmgr Xmg&&
amof pQ> XmdmZb lr^w, {ZOOZ AmZX ~T>mB&&13&&
H$[a H$Zm H$Zm{ZYmZ ^w, XoV A^` nX XmZ&&
~w{hrZ H$ OS> OrdZH$m|, Q>ma`mo A{V A{^mZ&&14&&
lrdb^ OmH$m| H$ao AnwZmo gmo, dOn{V {` hmoB&&
VmHo$ H$mo{Q> OHo$ nmVH$, VVjU| j` hmoB&&15&&
442

AZw^d {ZJ kmZ Vo OoZo, lrdb^amO d$n&&

^yVb ^pV Mma H$aZH$m|, Ad` {bE AZyn&&16&&
dXmdZ lrJmodYZ {`o, {` `wZm VQ> dmg&&
Hw$w{XZrJZ Z aOZH$m|, gh CSw>n{V COmg&&17&&
H$m{bXrH$s {hm H${b|, H$sZo lrbUgyV&&
AQ>{g{ n`V dmhr V, H$hV dMZ gyV&&18&&
JmoHw$bZmW gXm gwIXm`H$, Zmo g~ H$[a grg&&
brbm X` ~gmo {ZO OZHo$, `o hr {d{Y XoV Agrg&&19&&
dOn{V ZI{gI AJ mYwar, ~aZm AZb d$n&&
Ywao {~YmZ AQ>H$ H$sVZ V, ~g hmoV lrJmoHw$b ^yn&&20&&
~g~Y H$amBHo$ H$sZo, nM Xmof {Zdm&&
H$Q> {XImB nwpQ>maJ ^w, OrdH$m| {H$E h dm&&21&&
{ZO Amkm CbKZ Xmof, {XIm`mo hm^w Amn&&
H$[a ~moY {gIdV XmgZH$m|,{Q>`mo gH$b Ca Vmn&&22&&
maJ ^pV gwYm gw {W, H$Q> {H$E h ZdaZ&&
Zd {d{Y qMVm {ZO XmgZH$s, {Zdm {H$E h `Z&&23&&
dOn{V gwIX {dah AZw^d H$m, gdgw `mJ CnXog&&
Zm gh ZXZXZHo$, H$Q> {H$E h Zaog&&24&&
gJ Am{X brbm Xg {d{Y {Y, OmH$m {ZamoY h Zm&&
omgpV`gZ {{dY $b, {{dY brbm A{^am&&25&&
nwpQ> dmh `mXm maJ, {VZH$m| {XIm`mo ^oX&&
Xdr Ord H$sS>m gmYZ $b, g~H$mo mZ h doX&&26&&
gH$b gXoh {ZdmaZH$m|, Ob^oX {H$`mo dOBg&&
^pV^md {XImE g~{ZH$m|, ^oX ~VmdV ~rg&&27&&
~mb~moY H$sZm| H$Um{Z{Y, ~mbH$ n{V {O` OmZ&&
gH$b {gmV OZm` dr`ZH$mo, Q>ma`mo gH$b AkmZ&&28&&
443

Xogm{XH$ nQ> gmYZ H$sZo, VmV Zht {ZVma&&

X daXmZ H$Uml` H$sZm|, XrZo nXmaW Mma&&29&&
T> Aml`Ho$ H$maZ H$sZo, Y` {ddoH$ {dMma&&
H${b`wJ Ord Cmao lrdb^, {ZO-OZ-mZ-AYma&&30&&
ja nM AjaV Cm, {JwZmVrV hmamO&&
lrh[adXZ Omo H$Q> Z hmoVo, Vm ~yS>V doX OhmO&&31&&
Xdr gpQ> hoVw H$Zm{Z{Y, lrh[a ~mYr nmO&&
A{V AmdV gH$b XwVaZH$m|, ^dgmJa CVaZ H$mO&&32&&
lrnwfmom ^OZ hoVw V, H$sZm| aZ nwpQ>&&
Vm| `mXmmaJH$m|, gmYZ ZmqhZ BQ>&&33&&
lrdb^ V {dwI Ord OoVo, ~yS>V ^d{gYw&&
OmH$m| {ZamoY {H$E lrdb^, {Z{g{XZ bhV AmZX&&34&&
H$hV {ZamoY nXmaWH$m| `h, g~{hZ H$m AkmZ&&
H$[a bjUm {ZamoY ~Vm`m, lrbUgwdZ gwOmZ&&35&&
gmYZ gH$b {H$E h hm^w, {ZO Xmg{ZHo$ H$mO&&
A{V H$nmbw H$Zm{Z{Y db^, godH$OZ {gaVmO&&36&&
{ZOmZX nwpQ> A{V {dJh, A~wO-Z`Z-{dgmb&&
fQ>JwZ g{hV nyaZ nwfmom, {Zb a{gH$ agmb&&37&&
{{dY gpQ> ^pV Zd bjU, {H$`mo {ddoH$ {dMma&&
gmYZ g{hV mZgr godm, nwpQ>aW Mma&&38&&
^y{^m` ghO A{V gwXa, lrn[adT> wIMX&&
AXo` XmZ Xj A{V mohZ, gwIX MaZma{dX&&39&&
gd {gmV {gamo{Z n {bpI, ~m`mo JmoHw$bam`&&
m`m {V{a {Z{~S> ^yVb|, {ZaIV Vmn Zgm`&&40&&
ZdbjUm ^pV {Y dmB, `m{h ar{V {d{Z`moJ&&
aMH$ dVw gn Zoh gm|, VmH$m| H$aV ^w ^moJ&&41&&
444

dOgwXar ^md ag ny[aV, AmZX{Z{YH$mo AJ&&

F$Vw dgV hafV lrdb^, {ZapIV bOV AZJ&&42&&
Ho$g[a YmoVr CnaZm Ho$g[a, Ho$gar ^rZr nmJ&&
lrdb^ {J[aYa dZ {~haV, AVa A{V AZwamJ&&43&&
Mmo~m MXZ A~ra Hw$Hw$m, CS>V Jwbmb gwaJ&&
Vmb nImdO PmP S>$ ~mOV, gag dmJ gwT>J&&44&&
g~ gmO gm{O dZ {dhaV, ~mob{V H$mo{H$bm H$sa&&
{{dY ndZ ~hV gwIH$mar, gyagwVmOyHo$ Vra&&45&&
A{V gwJYm YwnJZ, H$aV Ywa gwa JmZ&&
XmXwa moa MH$moa amoa mZmo, boV gV gwa VmZ&&46&&
Omo gwI AabmoH$| Zmht, gmo gwI JmoHw$b m{h&&
gwIX gXm gaZmJ{V {O{ZH$s, lrdb^ H$nV N>m{h&&47&&
Z dM H$ H$ar lrdb^ ^O, ZmqhZ Ama Cnm`&&
gmYZ H$mo{Q> H$am {OZ H$moD$, `h $b H$~h Z nm`&&48&&
Io{b $mJ AZwamJ {gYw ~T>`mo, Mr AaJOm H$sM&&
{ZO OZ Hw$w{XZrJZ y$`m, {ZapI db^ g{g ~rM&&49&&
Omo `h AZb AmZX$nH$mo, {Z{g{XZ H$ao {dMma&&
nmd gXm AmZX AYamV, agH$V wpV Mma&&50&&
Omo `h brbm gwZ gwZmd, ^w gwI H$ao JmZ&&
VmHo$ X` H$b {~M nagV, ^wOr H$ao dkmZ&&51&&
Xmg AZ` MaZ-aO-YZH$s, H$aV ~hV Z Amg&&
lrdb^-nXaO-VmnV, JmdV OZ h[aXmg&&52&&

445

AW lrgdm}mVmo-^mfm
^maVoXw ~m~w lrh[aM
O`{V AmZX$n namZX H$UwI H$nm{Z{Y Xodr CmaH$mar&&
{Vm gH$b Ama{VhaZ JyT>JwZ ^mJdV AW brZmo {dMmar&&1&&
EH$ gmH$ma na~ WmnZ H$aZ Mmah doXHo$ nmaJmr&&
haZ m`mdmX ~hdmX Zme H$[a ^pVnWH$bHo$ {Xdgdmr&&2&&
ey bbZm bmoH$ CaZ gmW Jmo{nH$mYreH$V A{JH$mar&&
db^rH$V ZwO AJrH$VOZZ no YaZ `mX ~h H$aUYmar&&3&&
OJV`mnH$ XmZ H$aV g~ dVwH$mo M[aV OmHo$ gH$b A{VCXmar&&
AmgwarOZZ mohZ H$aZ hoVw `h `mOgm| H${V Bd $nYmar&&4&&
AJ{ZAdVma db^Zm ew^$n gXm gOZZ{hV H$aV OmZr&&
bmoH${ejmH$aZ H$UH$s ^pV H$[a {ZpIbOJ B>Ho$ Amn XmZr&&5&&
gd bjZ{Z gnZ lrH$UH$mo kmZ ^w XoV Jw $n Ymar&&
gXm dmZXVwpXb nXbgagZ`ZOwJ OJV gVmnhmar&&6&&
H$nm H$[a {>H$s d{> d{YV {H$`o Xm{gH$m Xmg n{V na`mao&&
amofJ H$aZ y{N>V ^pVof haZ ^V OZ MaZ go{dV Xwbmao&&7&&
^VOZ wIgo` A{V Xwamam` Xwab^ H$OnX CJ VoO Ymar&&
dm` ag H$aZ nyaZ gH$b OZZZ ^mJdVn`qgYwWZH$mar&&8&&
gma VmH$mo Om{Z amg d{ZVmZHo$ ^md gmo gH$b ny[aV gw^ogm&&
hmoV gZwI XoV o lrH$UH$mo A{dwpV XoV bpI ~hV Xogm&&9&&
amgbrbH$-Vmn`` $n w{Z XoV H$[a H$nm ~h H$Wm VmH$s&&
`m{J g~ EH$ AZw^d H$ah {dahH$mo `h CnXoe~mZr gwZmhr&&10&&
^pV-AmMma-CnXoe {ZV H$aV nw{Z H$maJ dVZ gwH$sZmo&&
446

gXm `mJm{X| ^pV maJ EH$ H$ah gmYZ{h CnXoe XrZmo&&11&&

nyUAmZX` gXm nyaZH$m dm`n{V {ZpIbOJ {d~wY ^ynm&&
H$UHo$ ghg ew^Zm {ZOwI H$ho ^pVna EH$ OmH$mo gw$nm&&12&&
^pV-AmMma CnXoe {hV emHo$ dm` ZmZm {Z$nZ gwH$sZo&&
^VOZ gXm Koao ahV {OZZ {ZO o{hV mZZ`m{J XrZo&&13&&
{ZOXmgAW gmYZ AZoH$Z {H$`o OX{n ^w Amn g~ epVH$mar&&
EH$ ^wd bmoH$ M{bV H$aZ ^pVnW {H$`mo {ZO de {nVw-$nYmar&&14&&
{ZO {db de| na mhm` ^w Y`m} g~ OJV gXohhmar&&
n{VdVmn{V nmabm{H$H${hH$-XmZ H$aV A{YH$ma OZH$mo {~Mmar&&15&&
JyT>{VX` {ZO-A`-AZ^VH$m| gH$b Ame` Amnw H$hV `mao&&
OJ CnmgZ Am{X maJmXrZ| wY-OZ-mohHo$ haZdmao&&16&&
gH$b maJZgm| ^pVmaJ ~rM A{V {dbjZgw AZw^d{h mZ&&
nWH$ H${h eaZH$mo mJ CnXoe H$[a H$UHo$ X`H$s ~mV OmZ&&17&&
{VjU JwVbrbm Zd{ZHw$OH$s ^[a ahr {Mm| gXm OmHo$&&
gmoB H$WmU H$[a {MmAm{jVdV ^y{b JB gH$bgw{Y Am`o VmHo$&&18&&
dO{` dOdmg A{V{h {` nw{> brbm H$aZ gXm EH$mVMmar&&
^VOZ gH$b BN>m gwnyaZ H$aZ A{V{h AkmV-brbm-{dhmar&&19&&
A{V{h mohZ {ZamgVOJ ^V mmgV n{VVnmdZ H$hmB&&
OgJmZ H$aV Oo ^V {VZHo$ X` H$b| dmg OmH$mo gXmB&&20&&
dN>nr`yfbharge {ZO Og{Z VwN> H$[a A` ag {X`o ~hmB&&
na$n H$Ubrbm AV ag ApIb gt{M o| {X`o {^OmB&&21&&
gXm Cgmh {J[aamOHo$ dmg| gmoB brbm o nya JmVm&&
`kh{d haV nw{Z `k Amnw{h H$aV A{V{deX Mmah $bHo$ XmVm&&22&&
ew^{Vkm g` OJX-CmaH$s H${Vgm| Xy[a ~h-Zr{V-kmVm&&
H$s{VdYZ H$ar gyH$mo ^m` H$[a H$U BH$ VdHo$ kmZXmVm&&23&&
Vyb-m`mdmX-XhZ {hV ApZ~nw ~H$mo ~mX OJ JQ> H$sZmo&&
447

{ZpIb mH$Va{hV JwZZ^y{fV gXm X wgwH$m{Z Z Mmo[a brZmo&&24&&

VrZh bmoH$ ^yfU ^y{^m`da ghO gwXa $n doX gma&&
gXm g~ ^V m{WV-MaZ-H$b-aO KZ$n Zm{ bjUHw$ma&&25&&
EH$ gV AmR> E Zm A{^am {ZV ogm| Oo OJV m{h Jmd&&
na Xwab^ H$U AYa AV nmZ dmX H$[a gwb^ Vo gXm nmd&&26&&
Zm AmZX {Z{Y db^mYreH$mo {d>boda JQ> H$[a {XIm`mo&&
N>mo{S> gmYZ gH$b EH$ `h J{hH$ na gVmof "h[aMX' nm`mo&&27&&

CVdMZmZwH${UH$m
(A-Am)
A{H$MZmZm gmYyZm
(^mJ.nwam.10&86&17)

233

AjdVm $b{X Z na {dXm

(^mJ.nwam.10&18&7)
AjnmXUrVo M
(nmam.nwam.&&)

300

ApZ {d{djw: H$UoZ

(^mJ.nwam.10&86&45)

233

ApZ MH$ma VdmW...

(V.Xr.{Z..1&0H$m.3)

10,344

ApZ wI
(H$mR>.g{h.4&16)

97

ApZ o dmM
()

325

ApZd d{UV Vo
(lrdb.8)
448

19,30,66

30

449

(^mJ.nwam.10&68&12)
ApZ>mooZ
()

154

AZo Amn
(V{m.Cn.2&1)

330

AOmVew nN>
(^mJ.nwam.11&19&11)

263

AOmo AZw~: g JwU AOm`m

(^mJ.nwam.10&37&28)

128

AW Cndo` n`LHo$
(^mJ.nwam.10&78&4)

218

AW EH$Xm mad`m
(^mJ.nwam.10&79&1) 217

221

AW EVV na Jw edV:
(^mJ.nwam.11&11&49)

AkmZmYH$ma
(lrdb.8)

49

A{VH$U
(lrdb.1)

49

AVmo wXm JyT>mW H$Q>rH$amo{

(gw~mo.1&1&1H$m.5)

49

A m mJ`pV Am
(^mJ.nwam.11&7&23)

318

AW Am{XeV `mUm`

197

248,295

AW V A`ZwkmV:
(^mJ.nwam.10&76&9)

215

AW ~` wV`
(^mJ.nwam.11&11&5)

247

AW {dkm` ^JdmZ
(^mJ.nwam.10&45&1)

1 46

AW gdJU
w monVo :
(^mJ.nwam.10&3&1)

52

AWm{n Z CngOoV
(^mJ.nwam.11&26&22)

450

281

451

AWmo Z am` JVpU${nV

(^mJ.nwam.10&70&14)

2 02

AWmo whV EH$pZ

(^mJ.nwam.10&56&42)

169

AXpV MH$
(^mJ.nwam.11&12&23)

252

AXrZbrbmh{gV
(^mJ.nwam.2&2&12)

341

AXo`XmZXj
(gdm}.19)

249

Am VXJmo{nHo$e:
(lrdb.4)

AVm`m Ag{hV
(nm{U.gy.dm.1&4&108)

20

AY Vo H$V: ^mo
(^mJ.nwam.10&75&29)

214

AZVnmamo `jmo`
(^mJ.nwam.11&12&13)

243

AZ`mam{YVmo...
(^mJ.nwam.10&27&28)

153

AZWm}ne gmjmX ^pV`moJ

(^mJ.nwam.1&7&6)

171

AZmJVm hbmJoU
(^mJ.nwam.10&62&23)

185

A{ZN>Vmo JqV Apd

(^mJ.nwam.3&25&36)

291

A{ZN>Z`mo ``w Jmo`:

(^mJ.nwam.10&30&39)

118

A{Z{mm ^mJdVr ^pV

72

51

A Z: gmWH$ O
(^mJ.nwam.10&38&45)

130

A ^JdXdmVm Z H$Vm
(84 dU.dmVm.1&1)

133

Am{n `nXaO lw{V`od

()
452

86

453

A`mM Ed{dYm ^m`m

(^mJ.nwam.10&55&58)

(^mJ.nwam.3&25&33)
AZwH$Vo V` M
(~.gy.1&3&22)

168

96
A`moVa Amm AmZX`:
(V{m.Cn.2&5)

AZwJhUmVw JhUmVw
(^mJ.nwam.10&50&38)

21,318

156
AdMmZm OZZr
(^mJ.nwam.6&9&10)

AZw^dH$J`m mXH$`r
(.:H$m..1&1)

67

67

AVnwaMar A{Zh` ~YyZ

(^mJ.nwam.10&47&43)

200

AV:gwo ZJa
(^mJ.nwam.10&47&50)

151

AYV {depV `o
(Bem.Cn.12)

306

AZ ~ B{V CnmgrV
(m.Cn.6&12)

200

A`Wm n{VVmo ^doX

(g`m.{ZU.22)

232

454

An[a{Vm Ywdm VZw^Vmo

(^mJ.nwam.10&84&30)

230

An`Vm Mm{Z
(^mJ.nwam.10&60&1)

180

Anm{UnmXd
(doVm.Cn.3&19)

67

A{n MoV gwXwamMmamo

(^J.JrVm.9&30)

81

A{n pdX A bmoH$mZm

(^mJ.nwam.10&67&35)

1 94

A`wWm{`Z gyV
(^mJ.nwam.10&75&23)

214

455

(gw~mo.1&1&1H$m[a.5)
Am` w>X`m:
(^mJ.nwam.10&87&23)

238

A^` gdge{w
(^J.JrVm.16&1)

304

A^oXdmXmZwamoYoZ agd$n{Mao
(H$Uml`{Vr`{ddaUo.1)

7-8

A``mV g frHo$e
(^mJ.nwam.10&68&24)

197

AVmo {ha`
(V{m.Cn.1&6&1)

164

A`kmo dm Efmo `mo AnZrH$:

(V{m.~m.8&4&24)

156

AMm{Xfw `Xm `
(^mJ.nwam.11&27&48)

283

A{M`pV Zw`m dm
(^mJ.nwam.10&2&10)

306

AW V`

203

AW V` {ddo{MVw
(gw~mo.1&1&0/H$m.5)

2 8,30,61,322

Am} dm Ef AmZ:
(~h.Cn.1&4&3)

159

AemM
(nm{U.gy.5&2&127)

47,77

Abm{H$Ho$Z ^mdoZ
(V.Xr.{Z.3&10&12)

147

AdYyVdM lydm
(^mJ.nwam.11&9&33)

243

"Ad' ajU J{V r{V

(nm{U.Ym.nm.dm.639)

232

AdOmZpV m yT>m:
(^J.JrVm.9&11)

21

A{dpVmo A`ZhVm[a:
(^mJ.nwam.10&34&8)

456

124

457

AZ` EH$m VXnm` gmogdm

(^mJ.nwam.10&38&26)

130

Ae`o dm
({d.Y.Am.11)

207

AWyb AZUw Ad
(~h.Cn.3&8&8)

Ag`mV M `O OV
()

34

Ag` A{V> Vo
(^J.JrVm.16&18)

70

Ag~m {Jamo $jm:

(^mJ.nwam.10&65&39)

191

AgmYZ gmYZ H$amo{V

(V.Xr.{Z..1&1)

295,305

Agm dm Am{X`mo XodYw

(N>mXmo.Cn.3&1&1)

359

ApV: mpVM H$g`

(^mJ.nwam.10&47&1)

151

Adod {Z`Xm Vw`

(^mJ.nwam.10&48&62)

153

64

An>mo aVo
(^pVh.2)

174

Am{^ B{S>VZmokH$W:
(^mJ.nwam.10&44&44)

143

Ah dm gdnmno`mo
(^J.JrVm.18&66)

255

Aqhgm g` AVo`
(^mJ.nwam.11&19&33)

264

Ah Amm Cd
(^mJ.nwam.11&16&9)

260

Ah Om dm ^JdZ
(^mJ.nwam.10&86&30)

233

Ah ^VnamYrZmo
(^mJ.nwam.9&4&63)

76

Ah `y` Agm Am`

458

227
459

(^mJ.nwam.10&82&23)
Ah ddmZamo ^ydm
(^J.JrVm.15&14)

AmJmo An Om
(^mJ.nwam.11&13&4)

253

AmL> BfXW} A{^`mVm

()

226

AmMm`M`dnwfm dJqV
(^mJ.nwam.11&29&6)

11

325

Ah gd` ^d
(^J.JrVm.10&8)

25, 303

Ahmo Ar Xoddamam{MV
(^mJ.nwam.10&12&5)

78
AmMm` m {dOmZr`mV
(^mJ.nwam.11&17&27)

Am J: Vm dm`o
()

226

Am maUo AnmH$aUo
()

226

AmH$`}` {nVw dm`

(^mJ.nwam.10&82&21)

226

9,11,46

AmMm`dmZ nwfmo doX

(N>mXmo.Cn.6&14&3)

Amkm{VhVmJ{V
(^mJ.nwam.11&15&7)

257

Ambm^mV Z na {dVo
(...{V.&)

AmH$meeara ~
(V{m.Cn.1&6&3)

19

21

AmH$VrZm nWH${V:
(^mJ.nwam.10&82&9)

Amm kmZ`: ewmo

(^mJ.nwam.10&44&31)

142

Amm `X Efm
(^mJ.nwam.11&22&31)

270

226

460

461

()
Amm d Om`Vo nw
()

183

Amm d nwZmm A{g

(H$mfr.Cn.2&11)

AmZX` haoa brbm

(V.Xr.{Z.3&1&3)

47

AmZXmX`od
(V{m.Cn.3&6)

25

AmZXmo ~
(V{m.Cn.3&6)

318

AmZVm{Yn{V: lrmZ.....
(^mJ.nwam.10&49&15)

155

AmVH$mmo `Xwn{V:
(^mJ.nwam.10&30&29)

118

Am``w wZ` V...

(^mJ.nwam.10&81&2-3)

225

183,184

Amm{Xd{n ko`
(gw~mo.dV.bo.)

21

AmmZ ^yf`mmg
(^mJ.nwam.10&67&11)

194

Ammammo@{n AaraV
(^mJ.nwam.10&26&42)

109

AmmnU g{YJN>{V ^mdVw>

(nw.gh.12&255)

167

AmXamX Abmon
(~.gy.3&3&40)

175
Am`w ha{V d nwgm
(^mJ.nwam.2&3&1)

AmZX ~Umo $n
()

269,287

11,21,66
Amj{V CnmZX d
(^mJ.nwam.10&65&24)

AmZXmH$anmXwImoXam{X:

191

21,357
462

463

Am hmaWm aW
(^mJ.nwam.10&42&38)

138

AmVm AmV} w{XVo >m

()

187

Am{ddoe Ae^mJoZ
(^mJ.nwam.10&2&16)

47

Amh Ef o mUhamo h[aa

(^mJ.nwam.10&2&20)

48

Amh M Ah Bh Am`mV
(^mJ.nwam.10&74&2)

213

Amhmo damhdnwf: n[aa^UoZ

(^mJ.nwam.10&27&10)

113

Amgm Ahmo MaUaoUwOwfm

(^mJ.nwam.10&44&61)

304

AmgmamX a{jVo dOo

(^mJ.nwam.10&24&1)

105

BV EVmZ Uo`mmo
(^mJ.nwam.10&82&50)

227

AmpV` XmZ{ZR>m M
(^mJ.nwam.11&17&18)

260

B{V Am{X`
(^mJ.nwam.10&70&24)

203

AmgrV fmoS>e gmh

(^mJ.nwam.10&87&29)

2 38

B{V BeoZ ^mdoZ

(^mJ.nwam.10&87&25)

238

AmgrZ: g{deZ {V>Z

(^mJ.nwam.10&2&24)

4 8

B{V Cdm EHo$Z hVoZ

(^mJ.nwam.10&22&19)

101

226

B{V CnmpVmo amkm

(^mJ.nwam.10&83&37)

228

(B-B)

AmVw `mV H$monnrS>`moa{n

()
464

465

(^mJ.nwam.10&53&29)
B{V EHo$ {dhgpV
(^mJ.nwam.11&23&40)

271

B{V Jmo`: JmZ`:

(^mJ.nwam.10&29&1)

114

B{V Jmo`mo {h Jmo{dXo

(^mJ.nwam.10&44&9)

143

B{V H$aUhoVm
()

287

B{V U`~m{^:
(^mJ.nwam.10&6&30)

58

B{V o {N>ZgXohm
(^mJ.nwam.11&13&41)

252

B{V m dY}U
(^mJ.nwam.11&18&44)

263

B{V dXoV XS>dV

(^mJ.nwam.11&27&45)

282

B{V {dkmV{dkmZ

164
466

B{V g` g`...
(^mJ.nwam.10&43&28-29)

141

B{V gpZ` Zgm

(^mJ.nwam.10&77&13)

217

B{V eofm `m Xmm

(^mJ.nwam.11&27&47)

283

B{V hoVwH$aUH$fm{X
()

287

BW eadN>Ob
(^mJ.nwam.10&18&1)

90

BW gmadVm {dm
(^mJ.nwam.10&86&20)

232

BW gmo AZwJhrVmo A
(^mJ.nwam.10&49&1)

152

BX modmM {dbnZ
(^mJ.nwam.&10&86&23)

233

467

BX BW B{V m`
(^mJ.nwam.10&82&44)

226

B` Vd H$Wm{YH$m
(`wZm.8)

347

Bdb` gwVmo Kmoamo

(^mJ.nwam.10&75&38)

214

BOo AZw`k {d{YZm

(^mJ.nwam.10&81&51)

225

BOo M A`y{OV I
(^mJ.nwam.10&86&64)

233

BemZ: gd{dmZm
(hmZmam.17&5)

309

Bemo Xwa``: H$mb:

(^mJ.nwam.10&71&31)

203

CMw: nana Vo d
(^mJ.nwam.10&40&22)

134

CV d n`Z Z XXe dmM

(F$g{h.8&2&23)

306

CpjVhV: nwfmo...
(V.Xr.{Z.3&1&8-10)

46

CX`Z dm[aOm{Z
(^mJ.nwam.10&17&47)

77

CXmahmg{OHw$XXr{Y{V:
(^mJ.nwam.10&26&43)

109

"CXr' boXZo
(Ym.nm.Ym.&20)

297

CnJm`Z JUZ Z`Z

(^mJ.nwam.11&27&44)

282

CnJr`mZ CXJm`
(^mJ.nwam.10&26&44)

109

CnJr`mZmo JYd:

237

(C-D$)

CV {Zdo{XV
(Zd.H$m.1)

179

468

469

(^mJ.nwam.10&87&8)
Cngha {ddmZ
(^mJ.nwam.10&3&30)
C^`mo Am{deX Joh
(^mJ.nwam.10&83&26)
C^`mo mXe Vm
(^mJ.nwam.11&19&35)
CdmM hpVn dmMm
(^mJ.nwam.10&40&3)
D$Mw nmam Ahmo Jmo`
(^mJ.nwam.10&38&31)

243

52

EH$Ed A{Vr`mo A^wX

(^mJ.nwam.11&9&17)

263

227

EH$Ed namo {h
(^mJ.nwam.11&18&32)

268

EH$Xm Amamoh Am$T>

(^mJ.nwam.10&7&18)

181

133

EH$Xm CndZ amOZ

(^mJ.nwam.10&61&1)

198

130

EH$XmVw g^m`o
(^mJ.nwam.10&69&1)
EH$XmV:nwao V`
(^mJ.nwam.10&72&3)

208

(F$-G$)

62

"F$' JVm
(nm{U.Ym.nm.dm.1014)

95

EH$mW gVYm OmZZ

(V.Xr.{Z.3&1&3)

47

F$Mm A{d{XVmW}Z N>Xmo...

()

35

EH$H$e Vm H$U`
(^mJ.nwam.10&58&1)

175

EVmX AmZ

(E-Eo)
470

25
471

(V{m.Cn.2&1)
EV`d AmZX` A`m{Z
(~h.Cn.4&3&32)

Ed {Okmg`m Anmo`
(^mJ.nwam.11&11&21)

248

Ed Jm`Z ZnXodXod
(^mJ.nwam.11&26&25)

281

Ed mg dV Mo
(^mJ.nwam.10&19&5)

288

Ed dZ VXd{f>
(^mJ.nwam.10&17&25)

89

Ed {dhma: H$mma:
(^mJ.nwam.10&11&59)

71

Ed g ^JdmZ
(^mJ.nwam.10&12&47)

79

Ed g ^m{VH$ XwI
(^mJ.nwam.11&23&41)

271

Ed gOmVdam`mo
(^mJ.nwam.11&9&30)

243

Ed gw{: n`V:
(^mJ.nwam.10&68&31)

198

157,237

EVm: na VZw^Vmo
(^mJ.nwam.10&44&58)

242

EVmdVm Ab {ddmZ
(^mJ.nwam.10&78&11)

218

EVo Xodm: gm{jU

(^mJ.gw~mo.10&18&1)

EVm A>{nVam
(^mJ.nwam.10&79&39)

221

Ed {H$`m`moJnW
(^mJ.nwam.11&27&49)

283

Ed H$mme` {Mm
(^mJ.nwam.7&11&34)

160

Ed {MV`Vr ~mbm
(^mJ.nwam.10&50&26)

156

472

473

(^mJ.nwam.10&31&20)
Ed gm^ M emd M
(^mJ.nwam.10&75&13)

214

Ed{dV dJ bmoH$ E{V

(N>mXmo.Cn.8&3&3)

302

Ef dm ApZ ddmZa:
(V{m.g{h./~m.&&)

100

Efmo AdOmZVmo `mZ

(^mJ.nwam.10&21&37)

100,254

H$Xm{MX `wZmVra
(^mJ.nwam.10&11&41)

7o 1

H${n' MbZ
(nm{U.Ym.nm.dm{X.398)

3o 72

H$[a`o dMZ Vd
(^J.JrVm.18&73)

205

H$Yma`mX Z dWu`
()

EoVXm` BX gd
(N>mXmo.Cn.6&8&7)

266

Eod`` gJ` dr``

()

276

94

H${ZR>m VXm ko`m

(V.Xr.{Z.1&17)

253

H$` BX Hw$V AmM`

(^mJ.nwam.10&11&3)

71

H$`mpMV nyVZmZ`m:
(^mJ.nwam.10&27.&15)

113,148

H$m{MV g wHw$XoZ
(^mJ.nwam.10&30&10 15)

117

(H$-L>)

H$W VX {damho
(^mJ.nwam.10&44&52)

143

H$Xm{MX AW Jmo{dX:

118
474

475

H$m`m`{Z hm^mJo
(^mJ.10&19&4)

16,36,37

H$mMmaVw
({gm.wVm.11)

259

H$mVw dmgwXodmemo
(^mJ.nwam.10&52&1)

159

H$mmZ AVVmo AZwOwfZ

(^mJ.nwam.11&26&6)

281

H$m AZmbYYr`mo
(^mJ.nwam.11&14&17) 256

256

H$mboZ ZQ>m b`o

(^mJ.nwam.11&14&3)

256

H$m{enw`mM XrnZ
(^mJ.nwam.10&34&19)

124

qH$ H$[a`{V qH$ d{X`{V

(JrV.Jmo.7)

334

qH$ Xodm {H$Zam

(^mJ.nwam.11&14&6)

256

qH$ Zw d`o A{^g`

(^mJ.nwam.10&73&30)

209

qH$ {dYmo {H$ AmMQ>o

(^mJ.nwam.11&21&35)

269

qH$ d: H$mmo w{Zlo>m

(^mJ.nwam.10&75&37)

214

{H$ Cnm`Z AmZrV

(^mJ.nwam.10&78&3)

218

{H$`mZ nyd Ord:

({dk.1&1)

476

70,179

H$sQ> noeH$V `m`Z

(^mJ.nwam.11&9&23)

243

H$s{VgmX`egmo
({dd.61&66)

263

H$s{V`t dZmbm
(^mJ.gw~mo.10&18&5)

263

Hw$wXmmoXdm`wZm

109
477

(^mJ.nwam.10&26&45)
Hw$a[a {dbn{g d
(^mJ.nwam.10&87&15)

238

H$Uw Hw$Mofw Z H$pY N>`

(^mJ.nwam.10&28&7)

130

H$dm VmdV AmmZ

(^mJ.nwam.10&30&22)

117

H$dm wIm{Z AdewM:

(^mJ.nwam.10&26&29)

109

H$nmbw AH$Vmoh...Vm
(^mJ.nwam.11&11&21-24)

248

H$U H$U hm^mJ

(^mJ.nwam.10&22&13)

101

H$U H$U hm`mo{JZ

(^mJ.nwam.10&10&29)

70

H$U'eXoZ na dVw C`Vo

(V.Xr.{Z.3&1&1)

H$U H$U
(^mJ.nwam.10&16&9)

89

H$U XmX {d{ZH$mV

(^mJ.nwam.10&14&13)

84

H$UXodVm: ^wdm...
(^mJ.nwam.10&79&11-12)

221

H$UgXeZmhbmX
(^mJ.nwam.10&70&7)

202

H$Ugodm
(V.Xr.{Z.2&227)

112

H$UVw A`V $n
(^mJ.nwam.10&21&35)

251

H$UVw ^JdmZ d`
(^mJ.nwam.1&3&28)

294

H$U` AmgrV gIm H$pMX

(^mJ.nwam.10&77&6)

217

355
H$U` Jmo`mo {Ma
(^mJ.nwam.10&8&28)
478

67

479

(A.eV.102)
H$UmYa...
(gdm}.6)

50,286
H$m{S>`mo Jmo{nH$m: moVm
(g`m.{ZU.8)

H$UmZw^md{dV
(^mJ.nwam.10&13&22)

79

H$Um` {d{XVmWm`
(^mJ.nwam.10&54&8)

164

H$Uo dYmmonJVo
(^mJ.nwam.1&3&43)

47

39,112,113

{H$`m`moJ gmMd
(^mJ.nwam.11&27&1)

282

H$sS>m V`Vm ``w

(^mJ.nwam.10&18&20)

212

H$s{S>`mU VV H$U
(^mJ.nwam.10&18&8)

H$Umo@{n VhZ Jw`m

(^mJ.nwam.10&75&8)

214

H$Um XXeVw H$`m

(^mJ.nwam.10&55&17)

168

Ho$dboZ {h ^mdoZ
(^mJ.nwam.11&12&8)

252,303

H$d` gmpdH$ kmZ

(^mJ.nwam.11&25&24)

276,277

84

Hw$m YdZ AmXm`

(^mJ.nwam.10&39&20)

133

d Bm: {`:.
(^mJ.nwam.10&44&59)

20,56,189

d{MV H$sS>mn[almV
(^mJ.nwam.10&12&14)

78

dom {`mo dZMar

(^mJ.10&44&11)

H$mo A` AVdmX

20,186

141
480

481

jwmS>`Wm gwImnojm
(^mJ.nwam.10&22&23)

100

JN> Xo{d
(^mJ.nwam.10&2&7)

47

JU`o Hw$M`moaod
({dk.9&11)

39

J{V pV ojU ^mfUm{Xfw

(^mJ.nwam.10&27&3)

113

J`m b{bV`m CXmahmg

(^mJ.nwam.10&44&52)

143

Jdm gwao^dZ
(^mJ.nwam.10&56&38)

168

JVm h`mZm
(^mJ.nwam.11&)

282

Jdmd^{V
(nm{U.gy.2&4&11)

121

Jm: gpZd`...
(^mJ.nwam.10&16&15)

86

482

JwUXmof{^XmpQ>
(^mJ.nwam.11&20&5)

267

JwS>nm`ggnv{f
(^mJ.nwam.11&27&34)

282

JwUg{d{ZYy`
(^mJ.nwam.11&25&34)

276,277

JwUofw Am{deVo
(^mJ.nwam.11&13&25)

252

"Jwdu' CZo
(nm{U.Ym.nm.dm.612)

113

Jwh gdaUo
(nm{U.Ym.nm.dm.921)

197

JyT>mW H$Q>r H$amo{

(gw~mo.1&1&1/H$m.5)

56

"J' {dkmZo
(nm{U.Ym.nm.Mwam.174)

114

Jh `>ghmUm

218
483

Jmo`: {H$ AmMaX A`

(^mJ.nwam.10&18&9)

(^mJ.nwam.10&77&17)
JhrVnmX: H$Umo `dVV
(^mJ.nwam.10&51&34)

92

159,228

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(^mJ.nwam.10&77&38)

218

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(^mJ.nwam.10&59&23)

176

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(^mJ.nwam.10&66&2)

1 91

J eXo
(nm{U.Ym.nm.H$`m.28)

113

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(^mJ.nwam.10&61&15)

181

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247

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(n[a^mJ.nwam.nm.15)

47

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(^mJ.nwam.10&18&2)

84

(M-m)

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24

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(^mJ.nwam.10&54&21)

164

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(^mJ.nwam.10&22&33)

101

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()

345

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(^mJ.nwam.10&43&3)

334

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(V{m.Am.1&22&1)

315

484

485

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(^mJ.nwam.10&60&35)

180

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(^mJ.nwam.10&34&15)

124

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(^mJ.nwam.10&60&32)

180

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(^mJ.nwam.10&34&19)

124

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(`mo{J`mkd`oZ)

4 0

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(V.Xr.{Z.1&1)

372

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(^mJ.nwam.10&25&13)

108

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()

147

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(~.gy.1&1&2, ^mJ.nwam.1&1&1)

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(nmS>.JrVm.4&1)

164

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(nm{U.Ym.nm.dm.397)

281

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(nm{U.Ym.nm.1236&)

281

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(^mJ.nwam.10&22&10)

218

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(^mJ.nwam.10&72&38)

208

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(^mJ.nwam.10&26&11)

1 09

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(Jmonm.Cm.Vm.C.3&17)

303

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(^mJ.nwam.10&82&3)

226

25,70,263
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486

20
487

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(mH$.nwam.lrXwJm.gVe.1&55 56)

({Z.{ZK.1&1&3)
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(^mJ.nwam.10&45&32)

201

147
(V-Z)

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(^mJ.nwam.11&15&1)

257

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(^mJ.nwam.10&67&45)

188

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(^mJ.nwam.11&24&27)

276

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(Jr.Jmo.23&5)

213

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(nm{U.Ym.nm.dm.157)

281

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(nm{U.Ym.nm.VwXm.1317)

281

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(g`m.{ZU.20)

127

488

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(^mJ.nwam.10&67&33)

194

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(^mJ.nwam.10&70&15)

202

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(^mJ.nwam.10&22&29)

101

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(^mJ.nwam.10&29&3)

114

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(^mJ.nwam.10&83&11)

227

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(^mJ.nwam.10&81&67)

225

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(^mJ.nwam.10&86&53)

2 33

489

(^mJ.nwam.10&64&9)
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(^mJ.nwam.10&17&3)

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(^mJ.nwam.10&22&27)

101

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(^mJ.nwam.10&24&24)

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(^mJ.nwam.10&3&47)

52

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(^mJ.nwam.10&66&19)

191

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(^mJ.nwam.11&26&26)

281

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(^mJ.nwam.10&74&21)

213

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(^mJ.nwam.10&85&25)

230

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(^mJ.nwam.10&30&7)

117

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191
490

105

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(^mJ.nwam.10&11&21)

71

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(^mJ.nwam.10&30&12)

140

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(^mJ.nwam.10&42&19)

138

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(^mJ.nwam.10&86&53)

233

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(^mJ.nwam.10&26&28)

109

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(N>mXmo.Cn.6&2&3)

311

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(^mJ.nwam.10&70&33)

203

491

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(V{m.Cn.2&6)

68

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(^mJ.nwam.11&24&18)

275

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(^mJ.nwam.10&50&2)

156

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(^mJ.nwam.10&70&30)

203

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(^mJ.nwam.10&80&1)

221

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(^mJ.nwam.10&35&22)

125

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(gw~mo.10&26&1&H$m[a.2)

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(^mJ.nwam.10&51&54-56)

159

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(^mJ.nwam.10&81&50)

225

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({d..{Z`br.50)

325

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(^mJ.nwam.10&83&50)

228

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(lrdb.4)

251

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(V.Xr.{Z.3&1&1)

2,10

17,330,369
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(gw~mo.10&44&60)

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(^mJ.nwam.10&78&40)

83

219
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(gw~mo.10&44&60)

VX`mMm OZmo{hZr
(^mJ.nwam.10&20&46)

33,89,189

95
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492

171
493

(Vd.9)
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(^mJ.nwam.11&22&11)

271

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(^mJ.nwam.10&49&26)

155

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(^mJ.nwam.10&54&9)

164

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(N>mXmo.Cn.6&2&3)

311

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(^mJ.nwam.10&34&4)

124

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(H$R>mno .3&9)

359

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(^mJ.nwam.10&11&52)

71

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(^mJ.nwam.11&11&22)

247

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(^mJ.nwam.10&26&38)

120

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(^mJ.nwam.10&26&11)

219

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(doVm.Cn.3&8)

301

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(^mJ.nwam.10&14&25)

310

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(^mJ.nwam.10&3&9)
VmoaOgd B{V
(^mJ.nwam.11&24&5)

275

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(^mJ.nwam.10&10&7)

70

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136,237

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(Jr.Jmo.10&1)
494

52

210

495

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(^mJ.nwam.11&12&14)

295

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(^mJ.nwam.10&22&18)

81,101,205,206,245

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(Z.a.9)

V` Ah hg$noU
(^mJ.nwam.11&13&19)

252

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(^mJ.nwam.11&23&13)

271

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(^mJ.nwam.11&24&10)

275

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(N>mXmo.Cn.8&1&1)

294

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(^mJ.nwam.10&34&16)

124

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(^mJ.nwam.10&66&15)

191

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(^mJ.nwam.11&13&19)

252

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(^mJ.nwam.2&3&17)

288

202,207

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(^mJ.nwam.10&47&49)

151

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(^mJ.nwam.11&25&33)

276

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(^mJ.nwam.10&23&22)

104

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(^mJ.nwam.11&20&31)

72

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(N>mXmo.Cn.6&2&3)

311

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311
496

497

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(lrdb.1)

339

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(lrdb.1)

207

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(^mJ.nwam.1&5&18)

60

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(^mJ.nwam.10&44&44)

143

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(^mJ.nwam.10&13&21)

79

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(^mJ.nwam.10&29&11)

114

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(^mJ.nwam.10&50&55)

156

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(^mJ.nwam.10&2&20)

92

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(^mJ.nwam.10&53&44)

164

498

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(^mJ.nwam.10&13&32)

79

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(^mJ.nwam.10&56&36)

169

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(^mJ.nwam.10&8&15)

67

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(^mJ.nwam.10&26&43)

109

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(^mJ.nwam.10&50&3)

156

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(^mJ.nwam.10&26&48)

109

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(^mJ.nwam.10&19&9)

95

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(^mJ.nwam.10&29&2)

114

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150
499

(^mJ.nwam.10&27&2)
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(V.Xr.{Z.1&21)

317

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(^mJ.nwam.10&39&22)

133

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(^mJ.nwam.10&25&15)

66,219

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(^mJ.nwam.10&82&48)

227

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(^mJ.nwam.11&10&22)

247

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(gw~mo.10&19&1)

83

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(^mJ.nwam.10&30 32)

118

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(^mJ.nwam.11&26&28-29)

281

500

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(^mJ.nwam.11&13&42)

252

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(^mJ.nwam.10&11&45)

71

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67

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(^mJ.nwam.11&24&13-14)

275

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(^mJ.nwam.10&86&1)

232

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(^mJ.nwam.10&29&14)

354

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324

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(^mJ.nwam.11&16&1)

259

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(^mJ.nwam.10&81&40)

225

501

(^mJ.nwam.10&78&8)
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(^mJ.nwam.6&11&27)

361

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(^mJ.nwam.10&3&31)

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(^mJ.nwam.10&32&10)

366

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58

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(^mJ.nwam.10&47&24)

16

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(^mJ.nwam.10&39&10)

133

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(^mJ.nwam.11&19&7)

262

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(^mJ.nwam.10&56&32)

168

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(^mJ.nwam.11&27&43)

282

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78

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(^mJ.nwam.10&67&4)

194

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18
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(^mJ.nwam.10&83&36)

227

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(^mJ.nwam.10&53&11)

164

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(^mJ.nwam.10&22&31)

102

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(^J.JrVm.11&8)

361

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(^mJ.nwam.10&86&47)

233

503

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(^mJ.nwam.10&44&40)

143

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214

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256

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(^mJ.nwam.10&26&5)

109

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(^mJ.nwam.10&85&27)

230

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156

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198

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(gw~mo.H$m[a.10&32&1&6)

122

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(^mJ.nwam.10&20&47)

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(^mJ.nwam.10&39&2)

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504

55,324

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(^mJ.nwam.10&38&24)

130

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180

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233
505

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324

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256,363

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256

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363

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260

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276,277

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310

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124

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(^mJ.nwam.3&4&31)

282

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(V.Xr.{Z.3&10&244)

164

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(^mJ.nwam.11&11&12-15)

248

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(^mJ.nwam.11&14&15)

256

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(^mJ.nwam.10&76&28-29)

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264

214,304

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(^mJ.nwam.10&11&5)

71

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(^mJ.nwam.10&48&60)
506

152
507

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(^mJ.nwam.10&50&32)

156

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(^mJ.nwam.11&86&17)

256

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(^mJ.nwam.10&29&22)

213

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(^mJ.nwam.11&25&36)

276

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(^mJ.nwam.10&43&38)

184

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81

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106,252,253

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(^mJ.nwam.10&80&41-42)

222

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198
508

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256

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133

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(^mJ.nwam.10&55&32)

168

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(^mJ.nwam.10&87&12)

237

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(^mJ.nwam.10&54&36)

164

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(^mJ.nwam.10&6&1)

58

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(^mJ.nwam.10&79&32)

221

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(^mJ.nwam.10&5&1)

57

509

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(^mJ.10&1&62)

57
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(^mJ.nwam.10&50&46)

156

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(^mJ.gw~mo.10&1&1)6,84,186

6,89,189

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(^mJ.nwam.2&4&14)

334

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(^mJ.nwam.11&19&14)

263

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(^J.JrVm.18&73)

205

19

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(^mJ.nwam.11&7&52)

239

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(^mJ.nwam.10&60&27)

180

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(godmbmo.16)

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(^mJ.nwam.10&8&31)

67

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(gw~mo.{Q>n.10&27&37)

19

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(^J.JrVm.10&14)

28

325,328

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(^mJ.nwam.11&23&43)

271

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(^mJ.nwam.10&44&60&)

304

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(Am{X.X.55)

343

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(^mJ.nwam.10&68&34-35)

198

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55
511

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(lrdb.2)
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(^mJ.nwam.10&61&4)

60,341

181

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(^mJ.nwam.10&8&35)

67

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(^J.JrVm.11&53)70

72

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(^mJ.nwam.10&59&26)

176

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302

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(^mJ.nwam.10&22&24)

101

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305

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(lrdb.8)

352

512

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(^mJ.nwam.10&82&42)

227

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(^mJ.nwam.10&74&7)

212

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(^mJ.nwam.10&78&37)

218

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(^mJ.nwam.2&4&14)

337

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(^mJ.nwam.11&25&31)

277

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(^mJ.nwam.11&25&31)

277

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(^mJ.nwam.10&38&52)

130

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(^mJ.nwam.10&75&16)

214

513

(^mJ.nwam.11&20&17)
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(^J.JrVm.5&19)

267

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(^mJ.nwam.10&86&13)

233

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(^mJ.nwam.11&10&4)

247

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(^mJ.nwam.10&33&19)

122

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(^mJ.nwam.10&53&9)

163

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(^mJ.nwam.10&72&39)

208

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(^mJ.nwam.10&58&39)

175

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(^mJ.nwam.10&68&15)

197

ZXho Am gwb^

179

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(~h.Cn.2&3&6)

514

19

ZH$`
(^mJ.nwam.1&5&12)

363

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(^mJ.nwam.11&17&9)

260

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(^mJ.nwam.10&40&4)

134

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(^mJ.nwam.10&26&31)

109

Zmo{XVmo ^m``m CnmQ>

(^mJ.nwam.10&56&39)

169

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(^mJ.nwam.3&25&38)

369

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(^mJ.nwam.10&44&62)

328

515

`mgmXoeofw
(`mgqde.15)

205,206,207

(n-)
nMm{XdmX `w
(nm{U.gy.3&1&124)

297

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(^mJ.nwam.10&21&25)

100

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(^mJ.nwam.6&18&33)

189

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(^mJ.nwam.10&51&4)

159

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(^mJ.nwam.11&25&28)

277

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(^mJ.nwam.10&19&34)

95

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(nm{U.Ym.nm.{Xdm.64)

373

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(^mJ.nwam.10&27&25)

113

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(^mJ.nwam.10&12&1)

77

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(^mJ.nwam.10&27&4)

113

namdaem `m
(^mJ.nwam.11&24&29)

276

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(gw~mo.1&1&1)

516

22

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(^mJ.nwam.10&44&48)140

143

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(V.Xr.{Z.2&226)

208

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(^mJ.nwam.10&78&26)

218

newnamOgwXwb{bV: gwV
()

332

517

(^mJ.nwam.1&1&3)
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(^mJ.nwam.10&34&32)

125

n`Z aUgVmo
(^mJ.nwam.10&39&31)

133

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(^mJ.nwam.10&25&12)

101

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(^mJ.nwam.10&12&17)

120

nm`{`dm VZ mVm
(^mJ.nwam.10&6&30)

58

nmaH$a^Vr{Z M
(nm{U.gy.6&1&57)

163

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(^mJ.nwam.10&86&36)

233

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(^mJ.nwam.10&72&3)

208

{n~V Bd Mjw`m
(^mJ.nwam.10&70&5)

202

nrVm`` OZZr
(^mJ.nwam.10&7&35)

62

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(^mJ.nwam.10&44&1)

142

nrdm wHw$XwIgmaK
(^mJ.nwam.10&12&43)

{n~V ^mJdV agmb`

79,310,330

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(^mJ.nwam.11&26&15)

281

nwgmo A`ZwJhmo {h Ef
(^mJ.nwam.10&38&48)

130

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(^mJ.nwam.10&41&13)

137

nwZ: nwZ: ma`pV

(^mJ.nwam.10&44&51)

143

60
518

519

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(^mJ.nwam.10&86&11)

233

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(nm{U.gy.1&2&68)

121

nwamH$no gwnZm
()

44

nwfEd BX
(F$g{h.8&4&17)

25

nyUm ^JdXr`m `o
(O.^o.14)

nwfmomVw ZXJhEd
(gw~mo.10&2&16)

14,317

nyV}> Xm {Z` dV Xod {d

(^mJ.nwam.3&3&40)

156

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(gw~mo.10&17&16)

345

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(nm{U.gy.2&1&49)

84

303

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(dmgw.MVw.4)

n>dmW dmJV V
(^mJ.nwam.10&35&38)

125

nma: g^m{OVmo A^rU

(^mJ.nwam.10&83&4)

227

H$VVmdd {h {VfoY{V
(~.gy.3&2&4)

64

254,255

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(^mJ.nwam.10&86&57)

234

nyUMH$bm>
(^mJ.nwam.10&62&18)

1o 85

nyOmXrZmdmhmW
(^mJ.nwam.11&27&51)

283

520

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(^mJ.nwam.11&22&12)

270

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137
521

(^mJ.nwam.10&41&30)
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(^mJ.nwam.10&40&37)

134

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(gdm}.25)

344

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(^mJ.nwam.10&26&27)

324

{VR>^mo AnamO`
(^mJ.nwam.11&15&8)

257

VrjVmo AdVpWao
(^mJ.nwam.10&38&8)

130

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(^mJ.nwam.10&56&45)

194

nZmo Ap hm`mo{JZ
(^mJ.nwam.10&31&16)

118

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(^mJ.nwam.10&52&16)

160

`Vnm{U eaU no
()

202

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(^mJ.nwam.10&30&3)

117

d{mbjUo {ZR>m...
(^mJ.nwam.11&25&8-9)

277

169,175
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(^J.JrVm.16&7)

X{jUmM Hw$V
(^mJ.nwam.10&21&29)

100

Xm` H$Vr H$m

(^mJ.nwam.10&67&12)

194

522

nZm: nmXyb Vo
(^mJ.nwam.10&67&31)

54,326

g VdmZ H$U
(^mJ.nwam.10&55&31)

168

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(^mJ.nwam.10&60&47)

180

523

(^mJ.nwam.10&17&31)
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(gdm}.1)

45

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(H$Um.Vmo.8)

77

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(^.h.)

190

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(w$.H$.o.Vmo.1)

mUo>
(lrdb.7)

54

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(^mJ.nwam.10&6&10)

58

m`mo YmWH$mofw
(^mJ.nwam.11&7&27)

239

m`Vo Y{ZZmo ^moOm

(^mJ.nwam.10&85&1)

230

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(^mJ.nwam.10&48&43)

152

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90

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(^mJ.nwam.10&78&18)

218

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(^mJ.nwam.10&71&26)

203

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(^mJ.nwam.10&58&2)

175

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(^mJ.nwam.11&11&1)

247

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(^mJ.nwam.10&3&46)

52

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(^mJ.nwam.10&17&48)

90

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(^mJ.nwam.10&18&5)

524

20,30,92

525

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(^mJ.nwam.10&62&1)

185

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(^mJ.nwam.10&59&35)

175

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(^mJ.nwam.10&50&21)

153

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(^mJ.nwam.10&65&41)

191

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(^mJ.nwam.11&18&19)

263

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(^mJ.nwam.10&23&10)

67,104

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(^mJ.nwam.10&11&4)

71

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(^mJ.nwam.10&26&46)

109

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(V{m.Cn.2&1)

301

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(>.hmZm.Cn.12&3)

301

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(hmZm.Cn.24&2)

202

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(^J.JrVm.18&54)

~mUmW ^JdmZ :
(^mJ.nwam.10&60&6)

180

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(^mJ.nwam.10&32&2)

121

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(^mJ.nwam.10&6&7)

72

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(^mJ.nwam.11&24&19)

275

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(V{m.Cn.2&1)

19,298,301

92
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48
527

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(^mJ.nwam.3&29&7)

(^mJ.nwam.10&2&25)
~mnU
(^J.JrVm.4&24)

363

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(V.Xr.{Z.1&6)

65

42,60,85,114

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(^mJ.nwam.7&9&9)

76

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(^J.JrVm.18&55)

^pV: d{VVm {X>m

(^mJ.nwam.10&44&25)

142

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(nw.gh.Zm.12&353)

167

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(gdm}.9)

346

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(~.gy.^m.4&3&16)

^pV`moJ` XJ{V
(^mJ.nwam.11&24&11)

275

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(^mJ.nwam.11&25&32)

277

76,77

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(^J.JrVm.11&54)

117

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76

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(^mJ.nwam.5&6&17)
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(^mJ.nwam.10&49&16)

19,155

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(^mJ.nwam.10&26&1)

21,109

^JdmZ Vm VWm^yVm
(^mJ.nwam.10&79&41)
528

291

221

529

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^J lr `mo{Z
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276

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(nm{U.Ym.nm.dm.1023)

276

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(godmbmo.16)

328

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(^mJ.nwam.10&43&21)

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(^mJ.nwam.5&6&18)

72

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(^mJ.nwam.10&86&18)

234

127,140

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(^mJ.nwam.10&48&64)

152

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(gdm}.32)

^H$mbr...
(^mJ.nwam.10&20&5)

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({M`wn.14&1)

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24,361

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(^mJ.nwam.2&7&26)

^dVrZm {d`moJmo o
(^mJ.nwam.10&44&29)

142

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(^mJ.nwam.10&27&39)118

120

272

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(^mJ.nwam.10&86&15)

232,233

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(^mJ.nwam.11&24&11)

75

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(^mJ.nwam.10&80&40)

^md$nH$mo ^md$

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530

531

222

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(^mJ.nwam.10&4&25)

233
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(^mJ.nwam.11&25&25)

277

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(^mJ.nwam.11&25&24)

277

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(^mJ.nwam.11&23&48)

271

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(^mJ.nwam.10&44&12)

1 42

52

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(^mJ.nwam.10&44&52)

29,30

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(^mJ.nwam.10&39&35)

133

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178

H$mm aU Oma
(^mJ.nwam.11&12&13)

304

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(^mJ.nwam.11&23&11-12)

275

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(^mJ.nwam.11&25&3)

276

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(^J.JrVm.12&65)
`mZm dnmdWmZ
(^mJ.nwam.10&30&38)

225

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(^mJ.nwam.11&24&9)

275

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(V{m.g{h.1&5&10)

X^VnyOm`{YH$m
(^mJ.nwam.11&19&21)

98

9,130
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532

37,95
533

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({ejmbmo.3)

(^mJ.nwam.10&19&27)
`m C{XVofw Ad{hV
(^mJ.nwam.11&10&1)

247

`m EVX CV dmo
(^mJ.nwam.11&13&38)

252

`m H$mbmZm
(^mJ.nwam.11&24&15)

275

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(^mJ.nwam.11&24&5-7)

275

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(^mJ.nwam.11&24&9)

275

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(^mJ.nwam.11&26&30)

281

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(^mJ.nwam.10&44&37)

142

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(^mJ.nwam.11&11&24)

248

534

46

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(^mJ.nwam.11&25&36)

276,278

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(^mJ.nwam.11&11&24)

257

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(^mJ.nwam.11&26&1)

280

pbJ-X^VOZ...gwgIm
(^mJ.nwam.11&11&34-49)

248

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(gdm}.10)

356

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(^mJ.nwam.10&63&37)

185

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(^mJ.nwam.10&68&19)

197

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(^mJ.nwam.10&33&7)

122

535

(^mJ.nwam.10&30&33)
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(^mJ.nwam.10&57&29)

171

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(^mJ.nwam.10&51&5)

159

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(^mJ.nwam.11&25&34)

276

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(^mJ.nwam.3&3&42)

156

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(^mJ.nwam.11&21&42)

267

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(^J.JrVm.9&32)

73

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(^mJ.nwam.10&49&14)

152

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(^mJ.nwam.10&44&52)

143

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117

536

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(^mJ.nwam.10&70&23)

203

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(w.Cn.3&2)

306

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(^mJ.nwam.10&17&16)

345

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(^mJ.nwam.10&29&17)

114

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(>.^mJ.nwam.3&6&16)

306

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(^mJ.nwam.3&4&24)

282

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(^mJ.nwam.10&16&5)

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(^mJ.nwam.10&23&24)

104

537

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(^mJ.nwam.10&82&2)
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(^mJ.nwam.10&7&22)
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(^mJ.nwam.5&20&44)
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(^mJ.nwam.10&17&2)
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(^mJ.nwam.10&86&63)
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(^mJ.nwam.10&51&38)
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(^mJ.nwam.10&26&31)
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(dm.MVw.`m.4)
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(^mJ.nwam.10&69&48)
538

227

(`-d)

218

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79

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(N>mXmo.Cn.1&6&6)

164

89

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(^mJ.nwam.10&54&16)

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233

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(_wS>.Cn.1&1&9)

302

159

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(N>mXmo.Cn.8&2&10)

167

65

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(nw.gh.12&255)

141

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(^mJ.nwam.10&69&13)

198

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(nm{U.Ym.nm.dm.1087)

21,66

153,154,162,198

252

539

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(^J.JrVm.17&27)

103

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(V{m.Cn.2&4)

11,21,45,65,66

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1,2,10

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(^mJ.nwam.2&4&21)

318

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(V{m.Cn.2&6)

265

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(^mJ.nwam.10&82&4)

226

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(^mJ.nwam.10&35&8)122

125

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(^J.JrVm.3&21)

154

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(^mJ.nwam.10&18&18)

247

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(^mJ.nwam.11&19&25)

263

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(^mJ.nwam.11&19&25)

277

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(J.nwam.109&44)

301

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( )
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(^mJ.nwam.10&30&17)

30
117

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(^mJ.nwam.11&9&21)

243

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(N>mXmo.Cn.3&14&1)

294,303

`Wm dj` gnwpnV`

(_hmZm.4&12)

263

540

541

(^mJ.nwam.10&82&31)
`Z `moJoZ gm`oZ
(^mJ.nwam.11&12&9)

252

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(`_wZm.6)

347

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(^mJ.nwam.10&11&30)

71

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(^mJ.nwam.10&8&24)

175

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(N>mXmo.Cn.5&18&2)

`` Am_m eara_
(~h.Cn.(_m`) 3&7&22)

295

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(^mJ.nwam.11&11&15)

248

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(doVm.Cn.6&23)

295

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( )

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98

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(^mJ.nwam.11&24&15)

275

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(lrdb.A>.3)

163

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(Z.a..Vd)

202

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226
542

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(^mJ.nwam.11&11&14)

248

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226

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(^mJ.nwam.10&10&34)

295

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(^mJ.nwam.10&85&8)

230

543

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(^mJ.nwam.10&41&15)

137

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(^mJ.nwam.10&44&38)

143

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(^mJ.nwam.10&64&25)

191

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(gw~mo.{Q>n.10&17&16)

345

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(~.gy.3&3&32)

190

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( )

213

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(11&16&5)

259

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(^mJ.nwam.10&69&28)

198

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(^mJ.nwam.10&71&2-3)

203

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(^mJ.nwam.2&7&34)

104

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(^mJ.nwam.10&61&42)

181

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(_hm^mJ.nwam.1&68&26)

`o `Wm _m nV
(^J.JrVm.5&11)

324,363

`mo Zm _a{V gdmX_

(^mJ.nwam.10&60&29)

180

`mo `Xe: g: V ^OoV

( )

179

`mo d ^y_m VV gwI

(N>mXmo.Cn.7&23&1)

312

`moJjo_ dhm`h_
(^J.JrVm.9&22)

174

82,152,167
`moJ_m`m_ Cnm{lV
544

174
545

(^mJ.nwam.10&26&1)
`moJm `mo _`m moVm
(^mJ.nwam.11&20&6)

267

`mo{JZm_{n gd}fm
(^J.JrVm.6&47)

72

`moJZo d XhoX Ahmo

(^mJ.nwam.11&20&25)
`moV~{h VZw^Vm_
(^mJ.nwam.11&29&6)
a{V Xodm{X{df`m ^md
( )
aYmZ doUmo:
(^mJ.nwam.10&18&5)
a_mH$sS>_^yZ Zn
(^mJ.nwam.10&5&18)
a{gHo$Va` agZm dgZo
( )

agmo d g
261,312,357,366
(V{m.Cn.2&7)

6,18,111,146,

amOnwrpgVm ^yn
(^mJ.nwam.10&57&10)

171

282,325

267

amYmYagwYmnmVw
(godmbmo.16)

5,112

295

amYmdb^god`m
(\w$.H$.o.Vmo.5)

a191

303

am_ am_! A{IbmYm

(^mJ.nwam.10&65&44)

303

353

am_oU gmY_
(^mJ.nwam.11&12&9)

5,8

359

amgr^mdny[aV{dJh:
(gdm}.Vmo.16)

38

XZ VZmWu MaUm CX{jnV

(^mJ.nwam.10&7&7)

62

mo dm Ef `X ApZ
546

309
547

(V{m.g.5&4&3&1)
${nUr lr[ad Amb`mV
(^mJ.nwam.10&78&25)

218

ao_o ALJ fmoS>egh

(^mJ.nwam.10&66&44)

191

ao_o d` da{V
(^mJ.nwam.10&30&24)

118

amofg_pdVmo A{n~V...
(^mJ.nwam.10&6&10-12)

124

amo{hX^yVm gmo AdYmdX

(^mJ.nwam.3&31&36)

164

bjUhodmo {H$`m`m
(nm.gy.3&2&126)

28

b_Um bjU `wVm_

(^mJ.nwam.10&55&57)

168

b_rghbrbm{^: go`_mZ_
(gw~mo.10&1&0.H$m.1)

331

548

bYH$m_m _hm_Z:
(^mJ.nwam.10&26&47)

109

brbmdVmaopgV
(^mJ.nwam.11&11&20)

248

bmoH$dmw brbmH$d`_
(~.gy.2&1&33)

22

bmo{hVmoUrfm
(fpSd. ~m.4&2&22)

bm{H$H$d d{XH$d H$mnQ>mV

(nw.._.20)

342

dVm H$Vm A{dVm

(^mJ.nwam.11&17&5)

260

dUml_dVm Y_
(^mJ.nwam.11&18&47)

263

deVw ^JdmZ :
(H$Umon.8)

309

dMgm doX_mJ {h
(nw.._.9)

18,180

549

(^mJ.nwam.10&46&18)
d{UL> _w{Z Zn ZmVm
(^mJ.nwam.10&17&49)

90

dgmZ _wMZ
(^mJ.nwam.10&8&29)

67

dZ Vw gmpdH$mo dmg
(^mJ.nwam.11&25&25)

277

dZ {d{djw
(^mJ.nwam.11&18&1)

263

"dX'`Vm`m dm{M
(Ym.nm.dm.1034)

100

d` M \$b^m{JZ:
(^mJ.nwam.10&53&45)

164

d` {Z` dZeb{Zdm{gZ:
(^mJ.nwam.10&21&24)

245

da dUrd ^ Vo
(^mJ.nwam.10&48&20)

152

dV_mZ: g_: dofw

147

dVo gm dOo amYm

(~d.nwam.4&13&96 97)

db gdaUo gMaUo M
(nm{U.Ym.dm.493)

101

db gMaUo
(`Wmnydm}V_)

102

dgV Bd b{jV
(^mJ.nwam.10&18&3)

84

dgwXdo dMmo ^y`

(^mJ.nwam.10&7&33)

62

dVwV: H$U Ed
(lrdb.Vmo.8)

4,8,20,46

dmM YoZw_ CnmgrV

(~h.Cn.5&8&1)

200

dmMma^U {dH$mamo Zm_Yo`_

(N>mXmo.Cn.6&1&4)

550

10

551

dmVdf_ A^yV Vrd

(^mJ.nwam.10&78&36)

218

dm_~mhH$Vdm_H$nmob
(^mJ.nwam.10&32&2)

212

{dYm` _mZwfVZw_
(gw~mo.1&1&1)

{dH$fVm _`JoZ nwfmd{n

(^mJ.nwam.10&11&4)

24

{dm` XXVw: nwmZ

(^mJ.nwam.10&86&62)

234

{d_wIm h[a_oYg: H$Wm`m_

(^mJ.nwam.3&32&18)

263

{daWrH$` nmS>H$_
(^mJ.nwam.10&63&21)

185

{dah^mdmZw^dmW_od
(^mJ.nwam.10&27&48)

150

71

{dH$s{S>V dOdYy{^
(^mJ.nwam.10&29&40)

322

{dMo{>V bj`m_:
(^mJ.nwam.10&59&28)

176

{dkmVmWm}@{n Jmo{dXmo
(^mJ.nwam.10&54&1)

164

"{dX' MoVZm`mZ{Zdmgofw
( )

208

{d{XVmo@{g ^dmZ gmjmV

(^mJ.nwam.10&3&13)

52

{dahmZw^dmWVw
(g`m.{ZU.7)

31

{daho A` gdmgm
(gw~mo.10&30&13)

{d`m{d`m e`m
(^mJ.nwam.10&36&55)

138

{dahmo ^Jd{V VgodmW

(gdm}.{dd.?)

33

{dam_`m Amgm_mZmo

275

128

552

553

(^mJ.nwam.11&24&21)
{daoOw _mo{MVm: boemV
(^mJ.nwam.10&70&27)

199

{dbmo` Xy{fVm H$Um_

(^mJ.nwam.10&13&1)

79

{d{dV CngLJVm:
(^mJ.nwam.10&80&41)

222

{ddoeH$V_ lr_X
(^mJ.nwam.10&78&17)

219

{deVo VXZVa_
(^J.JrVm.18&55)

301

{demaX npS>Vo M
(_o{X.78&53)

256

{ddVMjw:
(_hmZmam.Cn.2&2)

20

{dd` OS>` Za`

(nm{U.gy.6&2&141)

99

{ddmZ ZamZ Z`{V

({Z.7&6&21)

98

{d>amo {dQ>nr X^
(A_.H$mo.3&5&2674)

238

dr`... Xm`mo ^dm_

(^mJ.nwam.10&26&39)

121

dr` _o XwMa Vn:

(^mJ.nwam.2&9&23)

358

doUwadm B_o
(^mJ.nwam.10&44&50)

143

doX {edmo {edmo doXmo

( )

309

doXm ~m_{df`m
(^mJ.nwam.11&21&35)

267

doXm `Wm _y{VYam {n>o

(^mJ.nwam.1&19&23)

doXmVo M
(V.Xr.{Z.1&6)
554

66

555

(^mJ.nwam.10&5.26-43)
doXmh dm {ddgOm_
(^mJ.nwam.10&82&29)

226
`amo{MVm{YH$ VmV nwf:
(^mJ.nwam.10&29&10)

doXM gd Ah_od domo

(^J.JrVm.15&15)

4,256,269,354

66,305

dH$m[aH$ VOg M
(^mJ.nwam.11&24&7)

275

dVgoZ VVmo@{n
(^mJ.nwam.11&26&35)

281

ddmZa gmYmaUeXm{deofmX
(~.gy.1&2&24)

dO JVm
(nm{U.Ym.nm.dm.260)

217

dO^wd: e_`Z IwaVmoX_

(^mJ.nwam.10&32&16)

273

(e-h)
emo O__Vr {dmZ
(^mJ.nwam.10&69&42)

198

342

e`mZ {l` CgLJo

(^mJ.nwam.10&86&8)

234

143

e`rV ApZ^yar{U
(^mJ.nwam.11&8&37)

243

109

e`mgZmQ>Zmbmn

238

dUdd {h ghO_
(nw.._.21)
`noV{dahdam:
(^mJ.nwam.10&44&54)

556

95

99

ddmZamX dmnVo:
(gw~mo.1&1&1H$m.1)

`amoMVUm>:...

`mOhma nwZ JmonmZ

(^mJ.nwam.10&20&13)

557

lm A_V H$Wm`m _o
(^mJ.nwam.11&19&20)

(^mJ.nwam.10&87&46)
eaU Jha{jmo:
(A_aH$mo.3&5)

263

208
l`Vo BpXam edX
(^mJ.nwam.10&28&1)

eaV g_^dX
(^mJ.nwam.10&17&32)

90

eaXmo\w$b_pbH$m
(^mJ.nwam.10&26&1)

218

eIMH$JXmn
(^mJ.nwam.10&14&40)

256

emaXmo AXo p`m

(_oXr{Z:77&40)

256

em{Y A_mZ B{eV`oe

(^mJ.nwam.10&82&46)

227

ewewr {dYr`oVo
(^mJ.nwam.11&21&3)

267

218,297,359,363

ldUnwQ>: {n~pV A^rU_

(^mJ.nwam.10&86&31)

233

lmVmo JOr{^ B^am{S>d

(^mJ.nwam.10&30&23)

117

lmdU` A_bo
({gm.ah.1)

171

{l`mo {h na_mH$m>m
(^mJ.gw~mo.10&18&11/H$m[a.24)

280

lr ALJmX Z `dVo
(^mJ.nwam.10&44&49)

143

lrH$Um`
(gdm}.Vmo.7)

ebmo Ap_ B{V AdXX ^y[a

(^mJ.nwam.10&21&35)

8,246

249,250
lrJwUm Zano`mm
( )
558

276

559

(^mJ.nwam.10&75&17)
lrXm_m Zm_m
(^mJ.nwam.10&12&20)

78

lr^mJdV {VnX _{Uda ^mdmew

(\w$.H$.o.2)

47

lr^mJdV$noU H$UEd Ad{V>Vo

( )

47

lwVH$sV} gwVm ^m_

(^mJ.nwam.10&55&56)

168

lwV_mmo@{n `: rUm_
(^mJ.nwam.10&87&26)

238

lw{V: `j_ Eo{V_

(^mJ.nwam.11&19&17)

264,318

lw{V `V mh Jmonre
({dk.2&19)

179

lwdm {OV OamgY_

(^mJ.nwam.10&69&15)

198

lwdm `wmo_ am_:

214
560

ly`Vm _o dMmo Jmonm

(^mJ.nwam.10&23&15)

104

g Am_mZ _`_mZ
(^mJ.nwam.3&20&49)

184

g BjmMHo$
(~h.Cn.1&4&2 3)

64

g Ed_ Ame{gV
(^mJ.nwam.11&23&1)

271

g Jdm hmpVZnwa_
(^mJ.nwam.10&46&1)

147

g MfUrZm_
(^mJ.nwam.10&26&2)

55

g VH$`m_mg Hw$Vmo
(^mJ.nwam.10&83&42)

227

g Z Hw$`mX AgVm
(^mJ.nwam.11&8&31)

280

561

gV g_rno
(^mJ.nwam.11&8&31)

243

g``
(^mJ.nwam.10&26&31)

gdmV gOm`Vo kmZ_

(^J.JrVm.14&17)

259

g` kmZ_ZV ~
(V{m.Cn.2&1)

261

g`` Vo ge
(^mJ.nwam.11&7&17)

239

ggJoZ XVo`m
(^mJ.nwam.11&12&3)

252

gmo {dg` JhH$_ nVrZ M Vno

(^mJ.nwam.10&68&34)

198

g^m`m} JS>m$T>
(^mJ.nwam.10&56&2)

168

g`mZm _V_mkm`
(^mJ.nwam.10&68&1)

197

g_ AmgZo AmgrZmo
(^mJ.nwam.11&14&32)

256

g_VV nm{V ^`mVwa OZ_

190

75,150

ge`m_m {dZ`{V
(^J.JrVm.4&40)

295

gg{V{d_moj_ AZw_aVr:
(^mJ.nwam.10&80&40)

222

g{I! VWm{n A` H$pMX

( )

341

gd M A{^O`o
(^mJ.nwam.11&25&35)

276

gd `` {`m _y{V:
(^mJ.nwam.10&86&18)

233

gdaOV_mo B{V
(^mJ.nwam.11&22&12)

270

gdmV OmJaU
(^mJ.nwam.11&14&32)

277

562

563

(^mJ.nwam.5&18&20)
g_hU ` {dYm` H$m{eH$
(^mJ.nwam.10&35&17)

g[aN>bdZmooem
(^mJ.nwam.10&44&50)

151

g[aN>bdZmooemZ
(^mJ.nwam.10&43&22)

142

125

g_mZgrZ Am_m OZmZm

(V{m.Ama.3&11&1)

11,312

g_o` Jmo{dXH$Wm {_WmoJUZ

(^mJ.nwam.10&80&5)

222

g{V AnmV H$_b{l`

(^mJ.nwam.10&87&23)

238

g_` n`m g _hmUdo _V

(^mJ.nwam.10&42&37)

138

g`J `d{gVm ~w{

(^mJ.nwam.10&1&15)

47

g_w gV_o ApZ

(^mJ.nwam.11&7&3)239

239

g_H$m_mo hrZmo dm
(^mJ.nwam.11&8&6)

242

gd Ibw BX ~
(N>mXmo.Cn.3&14&1)

69,265,266,267

gdH$m_: gdJY:
(N>mXmo.Cn.3&14&2)

6,20

gdJwV_ ^y`
(^J.JrVm.18&64)

205

gd {gmonXoemV
(~.gy.1&2&1)

11

gdV: nm{UnmXmV
(^J.JrVm.13&13)

3,8,20,64

gdY_mZ n[a``
(^J.JrVm.18&66)

204,205,206,303,372

gdgmnhmo {h _m_
(^mJ.nwam.11&12&2)
564

252

565

(^mJ.nwam.10&65&43)
gdm_m gdXeZ:
(^mJ.nwam.10&21&2)

99

gd} JwU_`m ^mdm

(^mJ.nwam.11&25&31)

277

gd} _w_w{Xao ~Z...

(^mJ.nwam.10&72&1-2)

208

gd}U JmoZ OboZ

( )

348

gd}p`JwUm^mg_
(^J.JrVm.14&13)

gd}{n Ed `Xwlo>
(^mJ.nwam.10&82&23)

214

ghZ IZZ_
(V.Xr.{Z.2&314)

369

gh `Vw n{R>V
(nw.gh.0&4)

166

gm VmZ emoM{V Am_OmZ

(^mJ.nwam.10&82&49)

227

gm XodH$s
(^mJ.nwam.10&2&19)

47

gm namZwapV Bdao
(empS>.^.gy.1&2)

77

gmjmX __W__W:
(^mJ.nwam.10&29&2)

160

gmJOmo dO_ AmdOV

(^mJ.nwam.10&12&41)

79

316

gd}fm _VdmZm
(`mo{J`mkd`oZ)
g d n{V: `mX
(^mJ.nwam.5&18&20)

_ma _wgb am_:

(^mJ.nwam.10&76&4)

38

119,121,123,187,188

gb_U nwaH$`

191
566

567

gmM H$m_` d nZr

(^mJ.nwam.10&52&7)

160

gmpdH$m ^JdX^Vm
(V.Xr.{Z.1&2)

104

gmpdH$s Am`mp_H$s lm
(^mJ.nwam.11&25&27)

277

gmpdH$mo H$maH$m Ag{J

(^mJ.nwam.11&25&26)

277

gmpdH$ gwI Am_moW

(^mJ.nwam.11&25&28)

277

gmZrbm~wX:
(^mJ.nwam.10&17&3)

89

gm_r`gm{>gmbmo`
(^mJ.nwam.3&29&13)

72

gwI ^mVm aOZr

(^mJ.nwam.10&36&23)

128

gwI dnw`m {ZdgZ

(^mJ.nwam.10&87&1)

237

gwImon{d>: n`LHo$
(^mJ.nwam.10&36&1)

129

gwT>m Om`Vo ^pV:

(^mJ.nwam.10&70&18)

202

gwnUm} Ah npUm
(^mJ.nwam.11&16&15)

2 60

gy_ _mUV M
(~.gy.4&2&9)

{gM A Z dXYam_VnyaHo$U
(^mJ.nwam.10&26&35)

360

gwIXwIXmo Zm`
(^mJ.nwam.11&23&60)

271

11

gy`^VVw gm{OV
(V.Xr.{Z.3&10&235 236)

163

gy`mZboXwg>me
(^mJ.nwam.10&78&21)

218

gQdm nwam{U {d{dYm{Z

568

243
569

(^mJ.nwam.11&9&28)
god`m VXJqV JVm:
(^mJ.nwam.10&86&20)

p`mo d`m VWm eym

(^J.JrVm.9&32)

78

rUm_ A {deofV:
(gw~mo.10&1&17)

29

233

gmo AH$m_`V
(V{m.Cn.2&6)

25

gmo AZwVo
(V{m.Cn.2&1)

304

gmo@h Vd ApLY_
(^mJ.nwam.10&37&28)

128

gmo_ AmfYrZm_{Yn{V
(V{m.g{h.3&4&5&1)

297

VwdV V` ^JdmZ
(^mJ.nwam.10&38&1)

130

p` CaJo ^moJ^wOXS
(^mJ.nwam.10&84&23)

>226

r^mdmo JyT>
(gw~mo.10&18&5)

33,83

rey{O~YyZm_
(^mJ.nwam.1&4&25)

74

g`` gd{df`mZ
(^mJ.nwam.10&26&31)

p`Ed {h V nmVw_
(gw~mo.10&26&1/H$m.4)

75,150

gpV CnmVmM JmoHw$bo

(^mJ.nwam.10&5&31)

59

ZohpbZ{Y`: eZ:
(^mJ.nwam.10&12&18)

78

Zohmo ^pV
(Zma.nM.&&)

77

33,83
_aVr H$U mh
(^mJ.nwam.10&82&28)
570

226

571

(gw~mo.H$m[a.10&30&1)
dXmgmWH$VmeofgmYZ:
(gdm}.21)

54

dnZ`m Ad^WZmVmo
(^mJ.nwam.10&76&32)

215

d` Ohma {H$_ BX_

(^mJ.nwam.10&78&8)

218

d`_od Am_Zm Am_mZ

(^J.JrVm.15&10)

dm{_Z lrdb^mZo
(lrdb^mJ.nwam.7)

141

dm_rVw Bda
(A_.H$mo.3&3&2045)

314

dmW VXnojma{hV
(gw~mo.{Q>n.10&18&1)

dmW} _wm_ho {Om:

(^mJ.nwam.10&20&40)

95

d`emoJmZ g>
(gdm}.28)

364

dgwIoZ A{^dpXV:
(^mJ.nwam.10&79&13)

219

dWm ^d ew{Mp_Vo
(^mJ.nwam.10&51&49)

159

dmJV dmo
(^mJ.nwam.10&26&18)

65,109,324

dmZXmW_ B{V B`Vo

117

dm` mXw^yV MH$ma {h

(gdm}.3)

572

49,339,344

do _{hpZ {V{>V
(N>mXmo.Cn.7&26&24)

316

hdm ZnmZ AY{_>mZ

(^mJ.nwam.10&86&66)

3 34

{hVm` doN>mVZw{^:
(^mJ.nwam.10&24&6)

105

573

{hdm dUrV `y` `V

(^mJ.nwam.10&44&26)140

142

h`Vm_ AZ`: g`J

(^mJ.nwam.10&21&27)

100

Vm_Zmo VmUmZ M ^pV

(^mJ.nwam.3&25&36)

152

{X gw^J_y{V gH$Um' lrdb^^mZw:

(\w$.H$.o.1-3)
ho X_bm! dXWEd A` _mJ
(Mmam.dU.dm.1&1)
ho_Vo W_o _m{g
(^mJ.nwam.10&19&1)

19

197

93

574

575