Lecture of 21-1-13

Morphosyntax English

Acronym: UN !"# $% &on'ersion (eri'ation clipping )orro*ing prefixation +e,uplication: ping-pong *al-ie-tal-ie goo,y-goo,y &ompoun,ing: hot ,og )e,room *ashing machine )loo, test flo*er pot ./ashing0 is a participial a,1ecti'e 2uffixation: )oo-let gangster informant refusal &lipping: !lu #nfluen3a $elephone phone airplane plane taxica) taxi "len,ing: "it: )inary ,igit 2mog: smo-e 4 fog )runch: )rea-fast 4 lunch )log: *e) log Morphemes: the smallest unit of meaning free: meaningful units that can stan, alone - Lexical 5content *or,s6: nouns a,1ecti'es a,'er)s7 e8g8: house )ig ne'er li-e - 9rammatical 5function *or,s6: con1unctions 5an, or )ut6 prepositions articles pronouns8 "oun,: they cannot occur alone an, function only parts of *or,s - #nflectional: : inflectional morphenes 5suffixes6 - s 5plural6 - s 53r,8 ;erson singular6 -<s 5possessi'e6 - e, 5past tense6 - e, 5past participle6 - ing 5present participle6 - er 5comparati'e6 - est 5superlati'e6 e8g8: $he )oys< car (eri'ational: they can change the grammatical category of *or,s (eri'ation: Affixation &on'ersion &ompoun,ing Minor *or,-formation processes

Affixation: 16 ;refixation: a,,ing a prefix to the )ase *ith or *ithout a change of *or, class 5e8g8 ,anger ----= en,anger6 $ypes of prefixes: Negati'e: non- un- im- in- ir- ,is ;e1orati'e: mis- pseu,o >f ,egree or si3e: mini- super- ultra Locati'e: trans- inter $ime: pre- post- ex Num)er: uni- mono- multi- poly26 2uffixation: a,,ing a suffix to the )ase *ith or *ithout a change of *or, class 5e8g8 ,ri'e ----= ,ri'er6 e8g8 -er -ant -age -ness -ity -i3e -y -ly "6 &on'ersion: an item changes its *or, class *ithout the a,,ition of an affix8 &hanges: 16 Noun to 'er): )ottle s-in father 5engen,er6 coat group -nife finger 26 %er) to noun: ,ou)t ,esire *al- lo'e laugh ans*er 36 A,1ecti'e to noun: natural final the rich the sic- the poor the ,ea, ?6 A,1ecti'e to 'er): calm empty ,ry @6 Noun to a,1ecti'e: A6 )ric- ------= a )ric- *all8