264

Auexcanp parynxnn
I p a m m a r n u e c k a x
pyccko-anrnnckax
XPECTOMATHR-
CAMOVHH1EBL
Hsoauue emopoe, ucnpae:euuoe u oono:ueuuoe
Cankr-Herepypr
YMHAR HAAHETA
Mockna
AHPA-M
2005
Hmn People
nuun:
uuueeo ue u+emm npornn have nothing against
xe uauue oe+ucm
saknmueuua raknx cornamenn, making such agreements,
++ruue cam: oepnu+oumc
no nosxE, but latER
oam :+mo
kora nosnnkaer cnop, when a dispute arises
w+u o oucnmvm opasus
nnn ona ns Cropon or one oI the parties
oo wau oe onaamus
(sa-)xouer nornepnrt wishes to uphold
wnuius mv anxov:o
cnon npana, its rights,
umc pamc
orcyrcrnne nnctmennoro the lack oI a written agreement
cornamennx o:r oe o pumu oepnu+oum
moxer ocrannrt can cause
ru roos
xnonort n norepn. trouble and losses.
mpao: uo :ocus
Auexcanp Hnxouaennu parynxnn
IPAMMATHHECKAR PYCCKO-AHIAHHCKAR
XPECTOMATHR-CAMOYHHTEAL
Honncano n neuart 07.05.2005. uopmar 60!88/16. Iapnnrypa Times. Heuart o]cernax.
Fymara rnnorpa]ckax. Oem 26 neu. n. Tnpax 5000 +ks. 3akas X
Hsarentckn om AHPA-M
E-mail: andrapublishyandex.ru
Orneuarano c rorontx nanosnrnnon n OOO Cenepo-3anant Heuarnt nop.
188350, Hennnrpackax onacrt, r. Iarunna, yn. Conoyxnna, 2
BBK 81.2 Anru.
72
parynxnn A. H.
Ipammarnueckax pyccko-anrnnckax xpecromarnx-camoyunrent.
CH.: Ymnax nnanera: M.: AHPA-M, 2005. 416 c.
ISBN 5-87852-159-8
annax knnra xnnxercx upesntuano +]]ekrnnntm yuentm noconem, na-
nncanntm na ase meronkn A. parynknna. Ona ynnkantna n no manepe noaun
yuenoro marepnana, n no kauecrny camoro marepnana. Knnrn A. parynknna
nomoramr ncem xenammnm tcrpo n kauecrnenno ntyunrt anrnnckn xstk.
parynknn A. H.
Ymnax nnanera
ISBN 5-87852-159-8 AHPA-M, 2005
Anropckne npana samnment.
Hsanne neuaraercx n anropcko peaknnn
Hmte nnt konnponannx nnn nocnponsneennx anno knnrn moryr
ocymecrnnxrtcx rontko c nnctmennoro paspemennx anropa. Hpn nnrnponannn
cctnkn na annym knnry n na ]amnnnm anropa xnnxmrcx oxsarentntmn.
Ynaxaemte knnronsarenn n knnroropronnt!
Tontko annax knnra Hsarentckoro oma Anpa xnnxercx anropcko.
He ncrynare n npornnosakonnte ornomennx c pyrnmn nsarentcrnamn,
npenarammnmn cno nenak no nnom knnr A. parynknna.
Coepaanne
Ienepantnax nex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
O +ro knnre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
O kommenrapnxx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
O moe pvcuquupoeauuo mpaucrpunuu . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
HACTL I. Yuenme 1exc1m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Iuana I. Hnuero c anrunncxnun cuonaun ne euaeu! . . . . 21
Tekcr X1. Menx sonyr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Tekcr X2. Ceuac mt naxonmcx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Tekcr X3. uem ontme mt yunmcx, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Iuana II. Pao1a c orouuauua+u . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Tekcr X4. nokynam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Tekcr X5. Ham oren . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Tekcr X6. Mo par xnnr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Tekcr X7. Mo pyr unraer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Iuana III. Hameu noncm !!! . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Tekcr X8. O cee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Tekcr X9. ne mory paorart oma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Tekcr X10. Ceuac x mory pacckasart Bam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Tekcr X11. xnny n Mockne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Tekcr X12. O +ro knnre . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Tekcr X13. pemnn nauart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Tekcr X14. Hocne moero rpertero ypoka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Tekcr X15. xnny n +rom crapom ropoe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
Tekcr X16. Mon mtcnn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Tekcr X17. uro enart? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
Tekcr X18. Ecnn t x tn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Tekcr X19. Kaxt ent x . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Tekcr X20. Bor mo uemoan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Tekcr X21. nnkora ne tn n Honone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Tekcr X22. unnoco]nx npnanna . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
5
4
BHHMAHHE !
Ynnkantnax knnra, koropym Bt epxnre n pykax, ]akrn-
ueckn npecrannxer coom
nonnonennt ca+oyuumeuo anrnnckoro!,
rak kak ona xnnxercx nennkonenntm co:emauue+ anrnncko
nparmu:ecro epa++amuru n oraroro c:oeapuoeo sanaca.
Moxno ckasart, uro nocue +ro knnrn Bam ocranercx
rontko nparmura, nparmura n em pas nparmura ..!!!
Ho+romy nmenno n kauecrne ca+oyuumeua
x n npenaram Bam +ry knnry ncnontsonart ..!!!
annt pyccxo-anrnnckn napnanr Ipa++amu-
:ecro xpecmo+amuu, n koropym nomnn nce yuente rek-
crt, panee pacruoauuie no monm noconxm, opnenrnponan
na rex, nx koro rnanntm xnnxercx
ymenne eoeopumo no-anrnnckn
n nepeeooumi pycckne mercmi na anrnnckn.
Onako y +ro knnrn ecrt n e anruo-pycckn oeo-
uur, npenasnauennt yxe nx rex, nx koro rnanntm xnnxercx
nosmoxnocrt nouu+amo anrnnckym pe:i.
Btop roro nnn nnoro napnanra +ro sameuarentno knnrn
sanncnr nnmt or Bamero xenannx
n or nepnoouepnocrn Bamnx nene n saau .
B ckopom npemenn nnannpyercx ntxo n nyx o:usueoe
( pyccxo-anrnnckoro n anruo-pycckoro)
nmenno Bercuuecroeo napnanra xpecmo+amuu
n rnanno nentm ro knnrn yer ooramenne Bamero anrnn-
ckoro yxe nmenno uercuro
ro ecrt cuoea+u.
B Bercuuecrym xpecmo+amur roxe noyr v:eo-
uie mercmi pasnnuno remarnkn, koropte yxe nonnocrtm sar-
porm nx Bac remy c:oeapuoeo +uuu+v+a, n koropte em
ontme oorarxr n pasuooopasm Bam cuoeapum sanac.
Iuana IV. n1encxne 1exc1m . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Tekcr X23. Mo ent . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Tekcr X24. Onn ns monx neuepon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Tekcr X25. Bcrpeuax pyra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Tekcr X26. Hnctmo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
Tekcr X27. Tpenorn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Tekcr X28. Hnrpnxka . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
Tekcr X29. Myxunnt n xenmnnt ceronx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Tekcr X30. Hs The Beatles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Iuana V. O xnnrax n o anrunncxou . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Tekcr X31. Baxnocrt anrnnckoro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Tekcr X32. Ypok anrnnckoro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Tekcr X33. Anrnnckn xstk ceronx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183
Tekcr X34. O cnonapxx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 188
Tekcr X35. Hent +ro knnrn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 192
Iuana VI. Ceronnmnne npoueum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Tekcr X36. Homorax pyry npeoonert rpynte npemena . . . 196
Tekcr X37. Kak npenparnrt npemennym paory n nocroxnnym? . 204
Tekcr X38. Kak sacrannrt Bamy ankery paorart na Bac? . . . . 213
Iuana VII. Pasronopm o nsnece . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Tekcr X39. Mexynaponax ropronnx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Tekcr X40. O asax anntx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Tekcr X41. Hekoropte ycnonnx ocrankn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239
Tekcr X42. enonte noeskn rpeymr nororonkn . . . . . . . . 246
Tekcr X43. Hnkakoro nsneca es mpnnuecko +kcneprnst . . 254
HACTL II. Hpmaox n anrunncxnn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Hauano. Btcokn crapr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 266
1. Paser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
2. Tonuok . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287
3. Honr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
4. Hpnsemnenne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345
5. Tpnym] . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 356
6. Cnpanounax uacrt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 398
7
6
OPOIHE HHTATEAH !
Knnra, npenaraemax Bamemy nnnmannm, xnnxercx ne rontko
upesntuano nonesno c roukn spennx npnnennoro n ne yue-
noro marepnana, no n ynnkantno
no cnocoy nooauu +roro marepnana.
Kaxax xpecromarnx xnnxercx copuuro+ rex nnn nntx mer-
cmoe nnn orptnkon ns nnx, cnennantno noopanntx nx osua-
ro+ueuua yuamnxcx c onpeennntmn cpesa+u ynopxouen-
ntx snann (me+a+u, :ercuro n r..), nnn xe nx konkpernoro
oyueuua yuamnxcx npn nomomn +rnx rekcron.
annym Ipa++amuuecrym xpecmo+amur noromy n mox-
no nasnart nmenno yueuo, uro e ocuoeuaa ]ynknnx
saknmuaercx ne rontko n rom, urot n pamkax xnntx cnxsntx
rekcron art yuamemycx orart sanac anrnncknx cnon, no n
n ocnonnou n rom, urot art Bam nosmoxno onee nonnoe
npecrannenne o aueuucro epa++amure
(n o e uraucax)
n ome, neoxonmom nx cnoonoro nnaennx xstkom.
3anxrnx no +ro knnre ayr Bam uyecnym nosmoxnocrt ouent
oicmpoeo n nrkoro exowoeuu n anrnnckn, nx uero Bam
yer ocrarouno rontko nnnmarentno unrart +ry knnry n cra-
partcx sanomnnart kak moxno ontme eomoemx ]pas n npeno-
xenn .
Kpome +roro, na npnmepe pasnoopasntx n orartx cnona-
mn v:eouix mercmoe Bt caun ynnnre, uro oxrtcx anr-
nnckoro ne nyxno, n uro axe onontno c:owuie anrnn-
ckne rekcrt okastnamrcx ne raknmn-ro yx n rpyntmn nx
nepeoa:u nx no-pycckn, ecnn k +romy noxonrt c nomomtm
+oe meronkn.
IEHEPAALHAR HER
pystx!
Cpasy xe coomam Bam, uro nent anno knnrn ue sak-
nmuaercx n rom, urot nomout Bam n nceeoonsyuennn anr-
nnckoro xstka
ne1!
Hent +ro ornnuno xpecromarnn saknmuaercx n npeoc-
rannennn Bam nosmoxnocrn
nayunrtcx eoeopumo
no-anrnnckn,
nnn:
nayunrtcx nepeeooumo ua aue:ucru
umo pycckn mercm !!!
Bet ecnn Bt, nanpnmep, kynnre mamnny, ro Bam nyxno
yer yunrtcx esoumo na ne n pasupamoca n ne, a ne snart
nasyok xu+u:ecru cocmae nmoeo oo:ma rpen:euu :eeoeo
nepeoueeo ro:eca nnn no:ui nepe:eui c:v:aee vnompeo:e-
uu oa+nepa a +ro n ecrt ro, uemy Bac v:am n uem Bac
+vpiwam 99 rpannnonntx meronk n 99 npenooaeame-
:e anrnnckoro, sacrannxx Bac nsyuart ue anrnnckn xstk,
no ux sammenym nepcnm anrnncko rpammarnkn
c ux esymno mep+uuo:oeue
a ckopee, c kaknm-ro npoqwapeouo+!,
npn nomomn koroptx onn oucmauupvrmc or Bac
n c ux ne menee esymntmn n nenornuntmn npaeu:a+u .
V:ume co mnom aueuucru,
a ue akn o nm !!!
9
8
xnnxmrcx naxntmn nx ckopemero ycnoennx npannntnoro n o-
raroro anrnnckoro.
Mero oyuennx npn nomomn napa::e:iuix mercmoe peok,
no upesntuano +]]ekrnnen ocoenno, ecnn yuamncx onaa-
er xenannem, repnennem n anannrnuecknmn cnoconocrxmn.
Hanpnuep, nontsyxct nmenno napa::e:iui+u nepcnxmn
Hoxoxenn Tenemaxa na nemenkom n pennerpeueckom xst-
kax, ntammncx apxeonor Ienpnx munuan (koropt namn
Tpom) camocroxrentno ntyunn pennerpeueckn.
B namem xe cnyuae +ror mero xnnxercx ocoo +]]ekrnn-
ntm, rak kak anrnnckn xstk onaaer ouent konkperntm ko-
nnuecrnom neennmtx o:e+eumoe cnon, npocroe emsy-
pueauue koroptx moxer pemnrt npakrnueckn nce npoo:e+i,
cnxsannte c npakrnuecknm onnaennem xstkom.
H nmenno +o nn nooa:u yuentx rekcron
npakrnueckn nonnax
cuuxpouua napa::e:iuocmi
c cuuxpouuo xe nocrpouno mpaucrpunue
yuuraueu n ue u+eem npetymnx auauoeoe.
Bo nropo uacrn anno Xpecmo+amuu nmeercx npekpac-
nax rnana Hpmxor e aueuucru, cama no cee xnnxmmaxcx
camocroxrentntm yuentm noconem. Ona ne rontko ar yua-
memycx nonnym kaprnny uacmoaue conpemenno nparmu:ec-
ro epa++amuru anrnnckoro xstka, no n emoncrpnpyer mom
rouky spennx na ceronxmnee ero cocroxnne, a rakxe ykastnaer
npxmo nyrt k oneruennm nsyuennx u npenoanannx anrnnc-
koro c yurom ceronxmnnx peann.
Hannune +ro rnant n enaer annym knnry nonnonenntm
ca+oyuumeue+.
Ocnonntmn ornnunxmn +oux xpecromarn or nx peknx ana-
noron xnnxmrcx:
1) cam cnocoo nooa:u yuenoro marepnana npn nomomn
ecrnnrentno napauueuoumx nyxstuntx rekcron, uro enaer
nosmoxntm (nyrm npocro sa+eui cnon!) nsnoxenne npakrn-
ueckn nmo Bame pvccrosi:uo mtcnn no-anrnnckn;
2) cnennantnax oopaoomra +rnx mercmoe raknm opa-
som, urot kaxax crpouka pvccroeo rekcra (n 99 cnyuaen)
nonnocrtm coomeemcmeoeaua crpouke aue:ucro, a +ro n
cnom ouepet cosar nce npenoctnkn nx nanneruamero sa-
yunnannx anrnncknx cnon, rpammarnuecknx kareropn, nentx ro-
rontx npenoxenn n nx ]parmenron (+urpoqpas) c nentm ant-
nemero nx ncnontsonannx n Bame xnno aue:opeun.
C +ro xe nentm pyccraa uacrt rekcron ononnnrentno o-
paorana raknm cnocoom, urot (nyrm noocrasor |n cko-
kax| nnn eos+eeuu roro, uero uem n anrnnckom rekcre,
oosnauenntx ea:o:ra+u) onerunrt yuamemycx onee npa-
nnntnt nepeno anrnncknx rekcron na pycckn, a rakxe onee
npannntnoe nonnmanne anrnnckoro +euma:umema n coorner-
crnenno crpykrypt anrnnckoro npenoxennx;
3) rpauua1nuecxoe uano:ueuue rekcron raknm opasom, uro
onn nknmuamr n cex npakrnueckn nce rpammarnueckne kareropnn n
xnnennx, neoxonmte nx peantnoro onnaennx xnntm xstkom;
4) nannune (no ncemy rekcry knnrn) anno rvpcueo+
noc1pounon pvcuquupoeauuo mpaucrpunuuu,
makcnmantno npnnnxnno k peantno (a ne k uoea:usupoeau-
uo) n npannntno noncenenno anrnncko peun;
5) nocroxnnoe emoeueuue (pasnnuntmn cnocoamn) no nce-
my rekcry knnrn ncex rex umaucoe (npusuaroe rpammarnue-
cknx kareropn orou:auu, roucmpvru n r.n.), koropte
11
10
BHHMAHHE !!!
Tekcrt XX27, 28, 29, a rakxe ece rekcrt rnan 'VI n
'VII x ouent pekomenym npoxonrt c npenoana1eueu, rak
kak ykasannte rekcrt xnnxmrcx nac1onmnun aue:oa+epurau-
cru+u rekcramn, n nekoropte mecra n nnx (ns-sa ocooeuuoc-
me anrnncko rpammarnkn n nekcnkn) ne na 100 coena-
oarm c pyccknmn. ne cran nooeoumi anrnnckne uacrn
+rnx rekcron no pyccxne siroeie pea:uu, nockontky xouy,
urot Bt yunnn nmenno o1ununmn, ora1mn n nac1onmnn
anrnnckn xstk !!!
Mox pekomenannx n annom cnyuae onosnauna:
3ayuueame nente rycru rekcron uausycmo !!!,
rem onee, uro +ra knnra npenasnauena ue nx urennx,
a o: nnnmarentno paoomi !!!
H, nonropxm, nockontky nmenno ns-sa onpeennntx (nemno-
rouncnenntx!) ocooeuuocme anrnnckoro xstka nekoropte
mecra n rekcrax ecnn nx Bam ne oxcnnrt! moryr npecran-
nxrt nx Bac ononnnrentnym rpynocrt npn nx nsyuennn, ro
nmenno n +1nx cnyuaxx Bam n npnroxrcx ononnnrentnte
oxcnennx
cneymero n opoxenarentnoro uenoneka!
Kpome +roro, axe n cnyuaxx nonnoro c+mcuoeoeo connae-
nnx anrnncknx n pyccknx cmpo:er x nc xe npomy Bac opa-
mart ocooe nnnmanne na pasuui, nosmoxno nmemmnecx n
nnx (nopoor c:oe n r.n.).
Fonee noponoe nsnoxenne ne rontko moe roukn spennx, no
n camo nono meronkn npenoanannx anrnnckoro nmeercx n
monx knnrax Houuuu ceo aueuucru!, Onmu+usupoeau-
um yueuur aueuucroeo, Iapaumupoeauum aueuucru
sa 3,5 oua, Peauu+amop Baueeo aueuucroeo, Hoem
ruaccum ca+oyuumeuo, Hoem mcmpm aueuucru n
p., koropte x pekomenym Bam n kauecrne +]]ekrnnnemnx exe-
nenntx yuentx nocon .
Hepnax xe uacrt anno knnrn cocronr ns 43 napa::e:iuix
rekcron, pasennntx na 7 rnan n pacnonoxenntx no mepe
uapacmauu nx (rpammarnuecko) cnoxnocrn, pacuupeuu
sanaca nekcnkn, e oooeaeuu n cneua:usauu:
Inana I: 3 yuentx rekcra, nonnocrtm cocrannenntx ns ueus+e-
uuumx anrnncknx cnon. uynknnx +rnx rekcron saknmuaercx n rom,
urot na ene npoemoncrpnponart Bam oepo+uym eaxuocmo uac-
ro ueus+eue+ocmu anrnncknx cnon, ntxnnenno n ycnemno
ncnontsyemo mnom (ns +ro ueus+eue+ocmu ntrekaer n macca
nosmoxnocre snaunrentnoro ycropeuua oyuennx anrnnckomy);
Inana II: 4 yuentx rekcra nx paort c anrnncknmn
orou:auu+u;
Inana III: 15 yuentx rekcron n ]opme +ouo:oeoe na cno-
onte remt (or nepnoro nnna), coepxamne ontmoe konnue-
crno :ercuru n o:e+eumoe anrnncko rpammarnkn;
Inana IV: 8 umecrux mercmoe nx nakaukn noncenen-
no nekcnko na remt, k koroptm yuamnecx npnntknn em n
mkone, n koropte nyxnt n umou cnyuae (nesanncnmo or
meronkn npenoanannx xstka);
Inana V: 5 rekcron O ruueax u oo aue:ucro+;
Inana VI: Ceeoouuuue npoo:e+i 3 rekcra, npecran-
nxmmne coo ueaoanmupoeauuie ntepxkn ns anrnncko n
amepnkancko nynnnncrnkn;
Inana VII: Paseoeopi o ousuece 5 rakxe ueaoanmupo-
eauuix rekcron nx em ontmero ooramennx n yxe cneua:u-
sauu Bame nekcnkn, a rakxe nx antnemero ynennuennx o-
ma Bamnx snann o npakrnuecko anrnncko rpammarnke.
13
12
enart +ro kak moxno uame o nonnoro ycnoennx nentx kyckon
rekcra, n koroptx nosnee Bam yer ocrarouno
npocro sa+euamo"
onn anrnnckne cuoea na" pyrne !!!
Ho+romy, nonropxm, mox pero+euoau N1
snyunr cneymmnm opasom:
3ypume nente kyckn rekcron uausycmo !!!
n pesyuomam yer npocro eouueum !!!
(Kcrarn, n Amepnke mnorne nmenno mar n enamr
mne nncann, uro n Htm-Hopke nnenn nme, nymnx no ynnne,
n unrammnx mom Xpecmo+amur npxmo na xoy !!!).
B rex nemnorouncnenntx cnyuaxx, kora Bt nnnre, uro no:-
uoeo, ovrea:iuoeo connaennx anrnncko n pyccko crpouek uem
(ns-sa ocooeuuocme anrnncko rpammarnkn nnn ns-sa urau-
coe nocrpoennx anrnncknx npenoxenn), craparect
sayuueamo uausycmo me rycru anrnnckoro mercma,
n koropte +rn uecoenaoeuu nxoxr!
HOBTOP:
Pyccraa uacrt rekcron ononnnrentno opaorana raknm
cnocoom, urot (nyrm noocrasor) onerunrt yuamemycx
onee npannntnt nepeno recron na anrnnckn!
Opamare ocooe nnnmanne na ro++eumapuu, cne-
ymmne sa rekcramn. Onn nomoryr Bam nouamo n yceoumo rpam-
marnueckne peannn anrnnckoro xstka n maccy ero uraucoe.
O KOMMEH1APHBX
Mnorne rekcrt conponoxamrcx nopontmn
epa++amu:ecru+u ro++eumapu+u
n rom uncne n k pasnnuntm cnyuaxm ynorpenennx qop+ n o:e+eumoe,
u+emuu+ca n +rom rekcre n emoeueuum+ mnom.
NB !
Bce +rn qop+i n o:e+eumi
rakxe oasameuoum nx sav:ueauu!
B ocrantntx rekcrax ocrarountmn xnnnnct:
a) ntenenne pasuuuum+u upuqma+u ncero roro, na uro
neoxonmo oparnrt/opamart ocooe nnnmanne (n, coorner-
crnenno, sayun(na)rt nansycrt);
) nontrkn conmennx nonnoro coornercrnnx snauennn
pvccrux crpouek aue:ucru+.
Oenmn croponamn rekcra n pyccko, n anrnncko upes-
ntuano yono nontsonartcx nx ca+oroumpoua npn ca+o-
cmoameuouo+ nepenoe uacre rekcra nnn nentx rekcron c pyc-
ckoro na anrnnckn n naoopor.
Cuauaua npoumume ror nnn nno mercm
ueuuro+,
opamax ocooe nnnmanne na rem nnn nntm cnocoom ntenen-
nte mecra n na ro++eumapuu, a sarem sakpore crpouky nnn on-
peennnym uacrt +roro rekcra, nepenenre e nnctmenno nnn
ycrno na .cru n ryr xe cex nponeptre!, enax ocot
aknenr na anaunse cenanntx (?) Bamn omnox. Craparect
15
14
O MOEH
PVCH0HHHPOBAHHOH TPAHCKPHHHHH
B +ro knnre (kak n n ocrantntx monx paorax) x nontsy-
mct rak nastnaemo pvcuquupoeauuo rpanckpnnnne,
ro ecrt sev:auue anrunncxnx c:oe
x nepeam pyccxnun yknamn.
tn nepntm, kro cenan +ro n Poccnn n name npemx ...
3ro nponsomno em n 1998 roy, kora n npekpacnom ka-
nnnnrpackom nsarentcrne nrapnt ckas x ntnycrnn cnom
camym nepnym knnry CvnepPvroeoocmeo o: v+uix :eumee.
Tora +ra mox mpaucrpunu ntsnana npocro mknan na-
pekann n neonontcrna n uro xe?!
Tenept c +oe nrko pykn pvcuquupoeauuo rpanc-
kpnnnne nontsymrcx nc ontme n ontme pasnnuntx anropon
n cocrannrene cnonape n nc n nopxke !
Onako c rex nop konrnnrenr monx unrarene snaunrent-
no pacmnpnncx, n coornercrnenno n cnxsn c onee ntcoknm
ouu+ yponnem nx aue:osnann, n +ro n n nocneymmnx cnonx
( +oux) paorax nx onee rouno nepeaun aueuosevroe x nontsy-
mct yxe c:eovru+ napnanrom ceoe rpanckpnnnnn ro+ou-
uupoeauui+ ro ecrt ocomun (omenpnnxrtmn) sna(u)kamn
+ewovuapoouo mpaucrpunuu x nepeam re aue:osevru, ko-
roptm uem ananoron n pycckom nponsnomennn, n koropte
+oeym nrpart
c+ic:opas:u:ume:iuvr pont.
3rnx ocooix suaroe 4, nnmc ooi:uoe anrnnckoe 'w
n nor npnuepnme npaeu:a nx nponsnomennx:
B ro++eumapux k rekcram moryr ncrpeuartcx noemopm
nycrt onn Bac ne paspaxamr n ne ynnnxmr kaxoe oxcne-
nne npuesauo k konkperno cnryannn nuenno n annou
rekcre, a kpome +roro, noemopuie oxcnennx nnoxrcx mnom
em n cnennantno nx roro, urot uepes mnorokparnte nanomn-
nannx Bam ynennunrt nepoxrnocrt anromarnueckoro (?) sanomn-
nannx Bamn na camom ene naxno nn]opmannn.
Takxe onpeennntm ucmo:uuro+ pasopaweuu moxer
xnnxrtcx n nocroxnnoe, nonropxmmeecx uaes:ueoe nmeue-
nne mnom n rekcrax onpeennntx c:oe n/nn eipaweuu
no net x nanncan +ry knnry nx roro, urot Bam nomout!,
a ne nx roro, urot Bam yronrt ..!
Ho+romy: nyxen Bam anrnnckn nor n yunre ero ..!!!
OPOIHE PY3LR !
ononnnrentno n ocoo pekomenym Bam
cnon npekpacnte BHEOKVPCM
n nonmenym knnry 5 ceucauu,
koropax ykaxer Bam npxmo nyrt k oneruennm
sayuueauua anrnncknx cuoe !!!
3akast npnnnmamrcx no E-mail: andrapublishyandex.ru
B Cankr-Herepypre snonnre no rene]ony (812) 274-18-12,
a n Mockne (095) 517-00-95.
Ho nonpocy oyuennx anrnnckomy no moe meronke snonnre
no rene]onam:
n Mockne: (095) 779-69-06, 779-69-07; 517-00-95
n Hnrepe: 8-903-301-27-57
n Pnre: 8-10-371-948-01-11
n Honone: 078-99-77-81-98.
17
16
OuEHI BAHO !!!
B oasameuoueue+ nopnxe Bt onxnt conmart
ooonroryyy e:acuix,
rak kak or oo:eomiii rnacno
+owem saeucemi axe c+mmmcu c:oea!
Hpnum, yurnre, uro
anrnoxstunte cumma1 pasuuv
mexy oooo:eo n rpamro rnacntmn !!!
Cnono c rpamro Cnono c rako xe,
rnacno: no ooooueo rnacno:
Iull qy: nanonnennt, u: Iool qyy: ypak,
shit uium eptmo, u: sheet uiuum nncr
(ov+aeu),
bitch oum: cyka, u: beach ouum: nnxx,
cunt raum ro, uro ecrt n: can`t raaum ne mory.
rontko y xenmnn,
Ho ooo:eue e:acuie +ro HE aa n HE oo
ro ecrt +ro HE na a n HE na o,
nponsnecnnte ono sa pyrnm n orentno ner!!!
3ro OHH 3BYK, npocro +ror snyk npooraanyyr ...
H nmenno na nero nourn ncera naaer yoapeuue !!!
To xe camoe ro ecrt oonrorvv snvvkaa
nokastnaer ykna -y n ry.
e:acui snyk.
nx ero nponsnomennx npnrorontre pornk
k nponsnomennm 'i, no ckaxnre 'a;
e:acui snyk. Hnora noxow na name ,
no rakontm ue xnnxercx
nx ero nponsnomennx npnrorontre pornk
k nponsnomennm 'i, no ckaxnre 'o.
e:vxa cornacnax.
nx e npannutnoro nponsnomennx ntcyntre xstk
noantme ueay syaun n ntnyckare nosyx
(no 1outxo sect!!!)
BE3 IOHOCA!!!
3nyk nnora noxow na name c,
a nnora na name q;
seouru snyk.
H sect nyxno ntcynyrt xstk mexy syamn
n roxe ntnyckart nosyx (n roxe 1outxo sect!),
no yxe C IOHOCOM!!!
3nyk moxer trt noxow (no ne onee!!!) na name s,
no rakontm HE xnnxercx !!!;
w +ro kak +, nponsnecennoe c HECOMKHVTBMH,
c HECATBMH,
c HEBBHBEHHBMH
ryamn!!!
Hnora +ror snyk noxow na name v, a nnora na name e.
Voapeuue n rpanckpnnnnn x nokastnam,
oe:a yapnym rnacnym anpnon,
HE ntenxx e rvpcueo+,
n noupknnax e,
nanpnmep:
city cnmu ropo.
19
18
HACTL I
YHEBHLE TEKCTL
Em pas opamam Bame nnnmanne na ro, uro nce rekcrt, npn-
nennte nnxe, nororonnent ocotm opasom.
B 99 cnyuaen nmeercx nonnoe connaenne mexy pyccko n an-
rnncko crpoukamn kak n uacrn :ercuru (r. e. cnon), rak n n uacrn
rpammarnkn. B rex xe peknx cnyuaxx, kora ns-sa xnntx ocooeuuo-
cme nocrpoennx anrnnckoro npenoxennx +roro nc xe ocrnut
ne yanoct, onnaxonme nnn coo1ne1c1nymmne cnona, o:e+eumi
nnn uacrn npenoxennx ntenent onnakono nanpnmep, no:vwup-
ui+ rvpcueo+ ( uar:ouui+ upuqmo+) nnn noupknnannem.
Kpome +roro, n ooux napnanrax rekcra n n pycckom, n n
anrnnckom ( r. e. n n :eeo, n n npaeo croponax) pasntmn
mpn]ramn (no:vwupui+, rvpcueo+, sae:aeui+u ovrea+u) n nx
couerannxmn (nnn noupknnannem) ntenent nce o:e+eumi
n ocooeuuocmu oonx xstkon, na koropte n nmom cnyuae nyx-
no oparnrt ocooe nnnmanne, n nomomt n nsyuennn koroptx,
cocrnenno ronopx, n xnnxercx ono ns nene anno knnrn.
Hanpnmep, n ouent mnornx pyccxnx napnanrax rekcron sae-
uaeum+u yknamn mnom (n onontno-rakn nanxsunno!) ntene-
nt naoewuie n e:aeo:iuie okonuannx. Cenano +ro nx roro,
urot em n em pas npoemoncrpnponart Bam omcymcmeue +rnx
orou:auu n anrnnckom n coornercrnenno ueus+euae+ocmo
anrnncknx cvecmeume:iuix n npu:aeame:iuix no naexam,
a anrnncknx e:aeo:oe no poa m.
Ocnonntm ornnunem moe pvcuquupoeauuo mpaucrpun-
uu (ro ecrt nepeaun anrnnckoro rekcra cnmnonamn nnctmen-
nocrn pycckoro xstka) xnnxercx ne rontko e makcnmantnax npn-
unannoc1t k annouy snyuannm anrnncknx cnon, no n
ononnnrentnoe nerpannnonnoe ncnontsonanne pyccxnx yxn
nx onee rouno nepeaun nponsnomennx
nekoroptx anrunncxnx snyxon.
NB!
OCOBOE nnnmanne oparnre na ro, uro
yxe c camoro nepnoro rekcra
n cnoe mpaucrpunuu
x sauacrym am cuumuoe nponsnomenne
apmur:e c cvecmeume:iui+u (nnn c nx onpeoe:euu+u),
a :acmui 'to c e:aeo:a+u
ro ecrt mar, rar +ro n ecrt n peantno xnsnn!
21
20
IAABA I
HHHEIO
C AHIHHHCKHMH CHOBAMH
HE EBAEM !
3 TEKCTA,
nennkom cocroxmne
ns ueus+euuuix anrnncknx cnon.
TEKCT X1
Hpnner! Hello! xo:ov
Menx sonyr . My name is .*
+a uo+ us .
xnny n . I live in .
a :ue uu .
* yunrent. I am* a teacher.
a + ommi:o
Kaxt ent Every day
+epu o+
x npnxoxy e** ukony I come to** mv school
a ra+ mv +a crvv:
n yuy mo knacc, and teach my class
uo mii: +a r:c
kak nponsnocnmo how to pronounce
xav mv npouavuc
Ocoenno +ro ornocnrcx k +ero+v suarv, koropt y menx
ncnontsyercx HE nx pasoe:euu snykon kak on nnora nc-
nontsyercx n pycckom (nanpnmep, n cnone nBuua cornacnax
n net ue mxrkax xe! n +eru suar sect ncnontsyercx
xnno ue no uasua:euur!)!
xe ncnontsym +eru suar
u+euuo nx nanxsunnoro noupknnannx MBIKOC1H
nekoroptx anrnncknx snykon rnna 'sh nnn 'g.
3 OHHOBTOPA:
1) Honropxm, uro n Ko++eumapuax k rekcram ecrt mnoro
noemopoe onn nneent mnom cneuuauouo nx roro, urot
no xoy ena nomorart Bam aemo+amu:ecru sanomnnart ro, uro
xnnxercx oueuo eaxum+ nx Bame aue:oepa+omuocmu !!!;
2) Kpome +roro, axe n cnyuaxx nonnoro c+mcuoeoeo connae-
nnx pyccknx n anrnncknx cmpo:er x nc xe npomy Bac opa-
mart ocooe nnnmanne na pasuui, nosmoxno nmemmnecx n
nnx (nopaoor c:oe n r.n.);
3) H n rpern pas nonropxm:
n umo+ cnyuae mox oouosuauuaa pekomenannx
snyunr cneymmnm opasom:
3ypume rvcru rekcron ueum+u cmpoura+u
npxmo e+ecme co cuoea+u !!!.
23
22
no-anrnnckn English
nue:uui
ouent xopomo. very well.
e+pu w+:
Cneymmnm nerom Next summer we plan
mt nnannpyem uorcm ca+o wn n:u
nocernmo Anrnnm. to ***** visit England.
mv ensum nue:ouo
1 cnono " 2 cnona
Mt nocemu+ We will visit
wn wn: ensum
cronnny crpanm****** the capital
of the country******
ornum: oe oraumpu
Honon, London
:auoou
n x naemct, and I hope
uo a xovn
uro +ro nyremecrnne that this trip
m uc mpun
1 cnono " 2 cnona
yoem* ouent nonesntm, will be* very helpIul
wn: ouu e+pu x+:nqv:
n uro ono*** and that it***
oacm (ovo. ep.) nam " will give us
uo m um wn: eue ac
ouent xopomym a very good
o e+pu evo
npannntno properly
npono:u
kaxoe anrnnckoe cnono, every English word,
+epu nue:uui wo
kak unramo umo how to read any
xav mv puuo +uu
anrnnckn rekcr English text,
nue:uui morcm
n kak nepenonmo ero*** and how to translate it***
uo xav mv mpouc:+m um
ua** pycckn (xstk). into** Russian.
numv pauiu
Mt nsyuaem We study
wn cmaou
anrnnckym rpammarnky English grammar
nue:uui ep+o
n anrnnckym nnreparypy and English literature
uo nue:uu :nmpum:o
ouent rmarentno, very thoroughly,
e+pu apo:u
n e pesyuomame +moeo and as a result
uo s opusa:m
mo knacc +oxem my class can
+a r:c ru
ronopnrt n unrart**** speak and read****
cnuur uo puuo
25
24
A snaunr, OBB3A1EBLHO nyano ynorpenxrt n rnaron 'be
n nmo ns ero qop+ !!!;
** Opamare ocooe nnnmanne na anrnnckne npeouoeu, koropte
ynorpenxmrcx kak oreuea:eumi nx pyccknm napnanram (sauac-
rym concem neoxsarentno, uro coomeemcmeu yyr 100-mn!);
*** Hockontky cnona mercm n nvmeuecmeue oosnauamr
ue nme, ro no-anrnnckn onn oosnauamrcx mecronmennem 'it,
(a ne 'he nx mercma);
**** Hocne o:e+euma 'CAN ru mout
nepe nocneymmnm rnaronom
ue ynorpenxercx :acmua 'to,
rak kak +ue+eum 'can ue xnnxercx nepntm rnaronom,
n coornercrnenno noc:eovru rnaron
ue xnnxercx emopi+ rnaronom !;
***** A nor ecnn anrnnckn rnaron nr nocne euaeoua
(nanpnmep, xouy oeeami)
ro ecrt xnnxercx emopm+ rnaronom,
ro nepe +rnm emopm+ rnaronom
oasameuouo nyxno ynorpenxrt :acmuv 'to:
1 2 1 2
xouy erart I want to run a woum my pau;
****** '. OF the country . crpanM,
'. OF your book . BamEH knnrH,
'. impression OF you . nneuarnenne O1 Bac
nanomnnam, uro npn nomomn anrnnckoro npenora 'OF
opasyercx coomeemcmeue namemy pooumeuouo+y naexy
(Cm. crp. 294).
NB: Houepknyrte anrnnckne c:oeoco:emauu
sanomnnare cpasy xe xax +reueaueumm
pyccknm ntpaxennxm.
ononnnrentnym supplementary opportunity
nosmoxnocrt can:u++umpu onommvuumu
yconepmencrnonamo to improve
(coeepueucmeoeami) mv u+npyve
nam anrnnckn. our English.
avo nue:uui
3ro aeuaemca moe meuro, That is* my dream
m us +a opuu+
1 cnono " 2 cnona
n x coeuam nc, and I will do all
uo a wn: ovv oo:
uro (x) +oey, that I can
m a ru
utot rapanrnponamo, (in order) to make sure
(uu oooo) mv +or umo
1 cnono " 3 cnona
uro mt c+oxe+ that we will be able
m wn wn: ouu +o:
ntnonnnmo +ro. to accomplish this.
mv oro+n:uui uc
* B pycckom xstke mt sauacrym
(ocoenno, n uacmoaue+ npemenn!)
onvcrae+ rnaron oimi (n ero qop+i).
B anrnnckom xe npenoxennn
npncyrcrnne umoro rnarona
n umon qop+e n n umou epe+euu
xnnxercx onsa1eutnmu !!!
27
26
na nm***. on it***.
ou um
Mt +oxe+ rakxe nnert** We can also see**
wn ru oo:cov cuu
nyx myxunn two men
myv +ou
sa cronom. at the table.
m om+o:
Onn myxunna oepxum One man has a Iork
( u+eem) nnnky wau +u xs oqoor
n cnoe**** ( n eeo) in his**** leIt hand
neno pyke, uu xus :eqm xuo
n nox and a kniIe
uo ouaq
n cnoe**** ( n eeo) in his**** right hand.
npano pyke. uu xus pam xuo
* B pycckom xstke mt onyckaem rnaron oimi (n ero qop+i),
n anrnnckom xe rnaron 'be
(kak n nmo pyro rnaron)
OBB3A1EBEH k ynorpenennm
n umon qop+e n n umou epe+euu;
** Hocne o:e+euma 'CAN ru mout
(n nocne nmoro pyroro |+ooa:iuoeo| o:e+euma)
nepe nocneymmnm rnaronom
ue ynorpenxercx :acmua 'to;
TEKCT X2
Ceuac mt uaxoou+ca Now we are
uav wn aa
n cronono. in the dining hall.
uu o oauuue xoo:
3ro * ontmax komnara. It is a large room.
um us a :aaoiwi pvv+
Ona nmeem ono okno It has one window
(B ne .) um xs wau wnuoov
n ony nept. and one door.
uo wau ooo
Okno (ecmi)* omrpmmo. The window is* open.
ownuoov us ovnu
Ceronx * xpkn Today is* a bright
moo+ us oopam
ocennn ent. autumn day.
oomo+ oo
B cronono In the dining hall
uu ooauuue xoo:
mt +oxe+ nnert** we can see**
wn ru cuu
ontmo cron a big table
oone moo:
c nepnem n contm with pepper and salt
wn n+no uo co:m
29
28
TEKCT X3
Ecnn onpeoeuuum apmur:i 'the o nonropnrt 2 pasa,
ro +ro yer yxe neuro COBCEM nonoe:
'1he ..., the ... He+ ..., me+ ....
TEKCT AR YALBKH u 3A3YBPHBAHHR:
'1he more we study, the more we know.
+ +oo wn cmaou + +oo wn uov
He+ ontme mt yunmcx, me+ ontme mt snaem.
1he more we know, the more we Iorget.
+ +oo wn uov + +oo wn qoe+m
He+ ontme mt snaem, me+ ontme mt satnaem.
1he more we Iorget, the less we know.
+ +oo wn qoe+m + :ec wn uov
He+ ontme mt satnaem, me+ mentme mt snaem.
1he less we know, the less we Iorget.
+ :ec wn uov + :ec wn qoe+m
He+ mentme mt snaem, me+ mentme mt satnaem.
1he less we Iorget, the more we know.
+ :ec wn qoe+m + +oo wn uov
He+ mentme mt satnaem, me+ ontme mt snaem.
Why study?*.
wa cmaou
Tak sauem xe yunrtcx?.
* B pumopuuecro+ eonpoce
nocne cnona 'Why . ? wa Ho:e+v .?, 3a:e+ . ?
nocneymmn rnaron ynorpenxercx es :acmui 'to.
!!!!!!! Oparnre ononnnrentnoe nnnmanne na ro, uro
axe BCB +ra uncro amepnkanckax npucrasra
cocrannena ns aconmrno HEnsmennntx anrnncknx cnon,
nsxrtx (es us+eueuu !!!) npa+o us cuoeapa !!!
*** Cron ue uenonek, no+romy uurarux 'he,
a 1outxo 'it;
**** Y aue:osi:uix uem ooeeo cnona ceo.
Bmecro nero onn n kaxom konkpernom cnyuae
ncnontsymr noxonmee npumwame:iuoe +ecmo+euue
(ro ecrt cnona 'my. 'your, 'his, 'her, 'its, 'our, 'their,
koropte x nastnam onsa1eutnmun onpeoe:ume:+u)
crp. 272).
Houepknyrte c:oeoco:emauu
sanomnnare cpasy xe xax +reueaueumm pyccknm ntpaxennxm.
31
30
nomoramr mne help me
xo:n +uu
ouent cnntno. very much.
e+pu +am:
V menx uem I have no
a xe uov
nnsknx pyse sect, close IriendS* here
r:ovc qpouo3 xno
nocrouory since
cuuc
nce mon crapte pysoa all my old IriendS
oo: +a ov:o qpouo3
xnnyr n pasntx mecrax. live in diIIerent placeS.
:ue uu onqpoum n:+cu3
* bookS, magazineS, IriendS
'S n konne cnona +ro ocnonno nokasarent
+uoxecmeeuuoeo :uc:a cymecrnnrentntx.
Hnn naoopor: urot cenart
ns eouucmeeuuoeo uncna" +uoxecmeeuuoe,
ocrarouno k cnony npnannrt '(e)S.
Ho na cneymme crpannne nmeercx cnncok 9 uenpaeu:i-
uix (ro ecrt ue nounnxmmnxcx +romy npaeu:v) anrnncknx
cymecrnnrentntx.
Y nnx ( 'They have) coc1nennme (pennne) qop+i
+uowecmeeuuoeo uncna, koropte Bam npnrcx npocro ntyunrt
nansycrt rar orentnte cuoea.
IAABA II
HAuHHAEM HPHFABHTI OKOHHAHHB !!!
YHEBHLE TEKCTL
nx paort c anrnncknmn orou:auu+u.
TEKCT X4
('(e)S)
nokynam I buy
a oa
ouent mnoro very many
e+pu ++uu
nontx anrnncknx ruue new English bookS*
umv nue:uui ovrC
n xypnanoe and magazineS*
uo +eosuu3
kaxt mecxn, every month,
+epu +au
noromy uro because
ouroos
1- rnar. 2- rnar. 1- rnar. 2- rnar.
x xouy ** snart nc! I want to** know
everything!
a woum mv uov +epuuue
3rn knnru These bookS
uus ovrC
33
32
TEKCT X5
('(e)S)
Ham oren Our Iather
avo qaao
nokynaem* n npoam* buyS* and sellS*
oa3 uo co:3
pasnte crapte nonomannte diIIerent old broken carS.
mamnnm. onqpoum ov:o opovru raaC
Mt nomoraem emy We help him
wn xo:n xu+
mox cecrpa moem** my sister washES**
+rn mamnnm, these carS,
+a cncmo wouiu3
uus raaC
x pemonrnpym nx, I Iix them,
a qurc ++
a nama mama and our mom
uo avo +o+
cunraem* entrn. countS* money.
ravumC +auu
V nac ecmo mnoro We have many
wn xe ++uu
nocroxnntx knnenroe. constant clientS.
roucmoum r:aoumC
Hx konnuecrno Their quantity
+o rwoumumu
9 uenpaeu:iuix cymecrnnrentntx
n ]opmt nx +uoxecmeeuuoeo :uc:a:
child :a:o " children :i:opou eru
Ioot qvm " feet quum crynnu (nor)
goose evvc " geese euuc rycu
louse :avc " lice :ac nmu
man +u " men +ou myxunnm
mouse +avc " mice +ac mtmu
ox orc " oxen orcu tku
tooth mvv " teeth muu sym
woman wy+ou " women wn+uu xenmnnm;
** Bcnomnnre, uro
nepe kaxtm emopm+ nnn mpemou+ anrnncknm rnaronom
(cneymmnm/-n sa nepei+ rnaronom)
nyano crannrt :acmuv/cnoneuko 'to mv.
BAHO !
Ho 'to ue crannrcx nocne (+ooa:iuix) +ue+eumoe,
rak kak onn ue xnnxmrcx (nepntmn) rnaronamn !!!
35
34
TEKCT X6
(n koropom ecrt nourn nce anrnnckne orou:auu)
Mo par xnnm* My brother liveS*
+a opao :ue3
n oue ceoeeo pyr`A** in his friend`S** house
uu xus qpouoC xavc
co ceou+u cocrnenntmn with his own parentS.
ponrena+u. wn xus ovu n+opoumC
On ncera xoreu He always wanteD
xu oo:wos woumu
xnmo cnokono to live quietLY
mv :ue rwaomBH
co ceoe ooxae+o with his adoreD***
wn xus oooo
n ooxamue cemt and adorIAG **** Iamily
uo oooopHHI q+u:u
n o ntme+ ome. in a biggER house.
uu o one3 xavc
* Homnnre, uro nocue OnC/ OnaC/ OnoC/ KroC?/ Mo korC
(ro ecrt nocne 'He/she/it/Who?/My cat)
n uacmoaue+ epe+euu k konny nocneymmero rnarona
nyxno npnannxrt orou:auue '(e)S;
** Ecnn Bam nyxno ooosua:umi euaoeuoua uero-nno,
ro K +romy e:aoe:iv nyxno uepes anocmpoq
npnannrt ' `S ('McDonald`s Makonant`oe);
*** 3ro naccnnnoe onpeoeueuue ( 3-n qop+a rnarona),
snauamee, coornercrnenno (pas ono naccueuoe),
ooxae+t ro ecrt: ror, roeo .;
**** 3ro akrnnnoe onpeoeueuue ( INGoea qop+a rnarona),
snauamee, coornercrnenno (pas ono armueuoe),
ooxamun ro ecrt: ror, rmo ..
nocroxnno pacrm* constantly growS*
roucmoum:u epov3

1

2 1 2
n euo namero o1na*** and our father`S*** business
uo avo qaaoC onsuuc
3 1 2 1 2 3
ouent nomoraem* nam. helpS* us very much.
xo:nC ac e+pu +am:
* Hocue OnC/ OnaC/ OnoC/ KroC?/ Mo korC
(ro ecrt nocne 'He/she/it/Who?/My cat)
n uacmoaue+ epe+euu k konny nocneymmero rnarona
nyxno npnannxrt orou:auue '(e)S;
** Cnono okanunnaercx na uunauym coe:acuvr,
no+romy sect orou:auue, npnannennoe k nemy,
n nmeer qop+v 'ES;
*** Ecnn Bam nyxno ooosua:umi euaoeuoua uero-nno,
ro K +romy e:aoe:iv nyxno uepes anocmpoq (' ` ')
npnannrt ' `S:
'McDonald`s Makonant`oe
He?.
37
36
ncm ceom xnsnt all his liIe
oo: xus :aq
n pasntx mecrax, in diIIerent places,
uu onqpoum n:+cus
ceperaa*** kaxym koneky saving*** each penny
c+euue uum: n+uu
na upnt ent****, Ior a rainy day****,
qoo o p+uu oo
n ero paora and his work
uo xus wr
mua ncera cnxsaua***** was always connected****
wos oo:wos rou+rmuo
c knnra+u. with books.
wn ovrc
Hpoaxa*** knne Books selling***
ovrc c+:uue
ncera mua always was
oo:wos wos
2 2 1 2 2
nmnmtm sanxrnem
1
my uncle`s Iavourite occupation.
moeeo x`u. +a aur:c q+epum orrn+uiu
Ero knnxnt nsnec His book business
xus ovr onsuuc
pacryun*** n is a growing*** and
us o epovuue uo
TEKCT X7
(co ncemn ocnonnmun orou:auu+u,
npncoennxmmnmncx r rouuy anrnnckoro cnona).
Mo pyr unraem My Iriend reads
+a qpouo puuos
mnoro ruue. many books.
++uu ovrc
On otuno nokynaem nx* He usually buys them*
xu mvwie:u oas o+
NB:**
1) in my uncle`s 2) n cet+o+
uu +a aur:c
2) seventh 3) knnxnom marasnne
c+eou
3) bookstore. 1) moeeo x`u.
oyrcmoo
Mo xx crapme, My uncle is older
+a aur: us ov:o+
ue+ mo oren than my Iather,
( moeeo orna), u +a qaao
no nam eymka but our grandIather
oam avo epuqaao
(ecmi) ca+m crapt is the oldest.
( ca+m crapuu). us o ov:oucm
Mo xx paorau My uncle worked
+a aur: wrm
}
"
39
38
o uraqe/pvre/orue ckaxyr 'it,
o c:oue ckaxyr 'it,
no n o c:ouuxe otuno moxe ckaxyr 'it
(a ue 'she) !!!;
** NB: Oparnre ocooe nnnmanne na pasuuuy n nopxke cnon !!!
*** 'Saving ceperaa ryr INGoea qop+a
coornercrnyer namemy oeenpu:acmur ( qop+e na -a);
*** 3ect ra xe INGoea qop+a yxe oosnauaer npouecc
('selling npoaxa, npoanauue);
*** A sect INGoea qop+a +ro yxe ax1nnnoe onpeoe:euue
('growing pacryun,
'expanding pacmnpxmuncx);
**** 'For a rainy day (ovrea:iuo: nx oxnnnoro nx) +ro
ntpaxenne coornercrnyer namemy ntpaxennm Ha upnt ent.
Oparnre nnnmanne na orou:auue '-y, npn nomomn koro-
poro aue:osi:uie ns cvecmeume:iuoeo enamr onpeoe:euue
('rain " 'rainy p+uu)
oxt " oxnnnt;
***** Haccnnnoe onpeoe:euue;
****** H sect oparnre nnnmanne na pasuuuy n nopxke cnon
n oonx napnanrax.
pacmnpxmuncx*** nsnec. expanding*** business.
urcnuouue onsuuc
On ouent tcrpo****** It spreads very quickly******
pacmnpxemc um cnpoos e+pu rwnr:u
n cranonumc and becomes
uo oura+s
(nc) mnpE n mnpE. widER and widER.
waoo uo waoo
* THEM Anrnnckne +ecmou+euu moryr trt ozermum-
+u, n x pekomenym sayunrt nx ue kak qop+i cvoermuix
mecronmenn, a npocro kak ca+ocmoameuoume cnona:
ME +uu MEH, MHE, MHOH, MHOR
YOU mv TEF, TEFE, TOFOH, TOFOR;
BAC, BAM, BAMH
HIM xu+ EIO, HEIO, HM, HHM
HER x E, HE, ER, HER, EH, HEH
IT um EIO, HEIO, HM, HHM
E, HE, ER, HER, EH, HEH
(ue o nmxx !)
US ac HAC, HAM, HAMH
THEM o+ HX, HHX, HMH, HHMH.
Hpnmepno +ak c konna XVIII nauana XIX neka n anrnnckom
xstke nepecrano ynorpenxrtcx nopmantnoe anrnnckoe cnono
mi ('thou) ocranoct rontko 'You mv Bm
n ceronx +rnm 'You opamamrcx n k paouemy, n k koponene .
Mecronmennem 'it um no-anrnnckn oosnauaercx
BC, rpo+e nme
(uesaeucu+o om roro, kakoro pooa +ror npeo+em/:uo
n pycckom xstke):
41
40
noromy uro because
ouroos
nourn nce yuennku almost all textbooks
oo:+ovcm oo: m+rcmovrc
oeuamm +ro. do it.
ovv um
1 2 1 2
npocro xouy ckasamo Ba+, I just want to** tell you
a owcm woum mv m+: mv
uro xorx that though
m ov
uenn ouent nn1epecye1 I`m very interested in
a+ e+pu numpucmuo uu
mox paora, my work
+a wr
y menx nc xe ecmo kyua I still have a lot
a cmu: xe o:om
pyrux nnrepecoe. of other interests.
oe ao numpucmc
1 2 1- rnaron 2- rnaron
nmnm xonmo I like to go**
a :ar mv eov
e rearp, to the theatre,
mv onomo
unrart erekrnnm read*** detective**** stories,
puuo oum+rmue cmopus
n npononrt npemx and spend*** time
uo cnouo ma+
IAABA III
HAmEM BOBCR !!!
MOHOAOIH O CEBE
TEKCT X8
O CEBE 'ABOUT MYSELF
ooavm +ac+:q
paoram kaxt ent I work every day
a wr +epu o+
c 10 ympa* from 10 a.m.*
qpo+ mou o +
oo 6 eeuepa*. till 6 p.m.*.
mu: curc nuu +
ne coupamco I`m not going
a+ uom eovuue
pacckastnamo Bam, to tell you
mom+: mv
kak x ncram how I get up
xav a eoman
ympo+ in the morning
uu o+oouuue
n kak x onpamci and how I get
uo xav a eom
oo cnoe paorm, to my work
mv +a wr
43
42
2 2- rnaron
ynyumnmo ceo anrnnckn, to** improve my English
mv u+npyve +a nue:uui
rak kak +ro since this is
cuuc uc us
npxmax opora the direct route
o oap+rm pvvm
r ycnexy to success
mv corc+c
n onacrn, (romopym) in the Iield (that)
uu oqnu:o (m)
x nspan ... I have chosen ... ******.
a xe :ovsu
` 10 a.m. 6 p.m. anrnnuane moryr ne ronopnrt:
o + nuu + 10 uacon ympa
nnn 6 uacon eeuepa.
Bmecro +rnx oosnauenn onn ncnontsymr corpaeuu:
'a.m. nx npemenn c 12 uacon noun (no:uo:i) o 12 uacon nx,
n
'p.m. nx npemenn c 12 uacon nx (no:oeui) o 12 uacon noun.
To ecrt onn ronopxr ue 23.00, a '11 p.m.
( 11 uacon eeuepa).
Hpnmept:
2 a.m. 2 uaca uouu, uo: 2 p.m. 2 uaca oua.
6 a.m. 6 uacon yrpa.
6 p.m. 6 uacon neuepa.
11 a.m. 11 uacon ympa,
no: 11 p.m. 11 uacon eeuepa;
** to tell TV mo: n rpanckpnnnnn :acmui 'to
to improve TV u+npyve, ykasant ne uop+i nponsnomennx,
to go TJeov, nockontky ceronx na camom ene nosmoxnt
na napnanra e nponsnomennx, a nmenno:
c kpacnnt+u enymka+u. with beautiIul girls.
wn omvmuqv: eo:s
Mne eu cnnmkom pauo It`s too early Ior me
umc mvv :u qoo +uu
aennmocn, to get** married,
moe+m +puo
rak kak cnauana since Iirst
cuuc qcm
1- rnaron 2- rnaron
x xomeu m ocrnuo I`d like to** reach
ao :ar mv pnum:
ycrounnoeo ]nnanconoeo a solid Iinancial
+ co:uo qauuui:
nonoxenua. situation.
cumr+uiu
Ho x +oey coeuamo +ro, But I can do it
oam a ru ovv um
rontko paoraa ynopno. only working***** hard.
ovu:u wruue xaao
Tak uro, ceuac x enam So, now I do
cov uav a ovv
nc, uro (n) uory, all I can (u:u: all my best)
oo: a ru (nnn: oo: +a o+cm)
utot nonyunrt nontmenne. (in order) to get a promotion.
(uu oooo) moe+m onpo+ovuiu
1 1- rnaron
Hpewoe eceeo x xouy First of all, I want
qcm oe oo: a woum
45
44
***** workIAG hard orou:auue IAG coornercrnyer
pyccknm cvqqurca+ -VL-, -RL-, -BL-, -AL- n r. n.,
nnn orou:auur oeenpu:acmu -B,
nanpnmep:
yyun npncoenneno k rnarony 'hORK paoomami,
'IAG npnar +romy rnarony snauennx:
a) paoraKHn;
) paoraBHn;
n) paoraB.
Takxe INGoea qop+a npecrannxer coo ome:aeo:iuoe
cvecmeume:iuoe ro ecrt cvecmeume:iuoe co cmtcnom
npouecca n co snauennem rnarona, or koroporo ono nponsneeno,
nanpnmep:
om 'smoke kypnrt " 'smokIAG kypEHHE,
om 'shoot crpenxrt " 'shootIAG crpentBA;
****** '. I have chosen ., (koropym) x nspan:
'I have choseA ovrea:iuo
V +eua nspaHa nspaB,
ro ecrt:
vop+a 'HAVE 3-n qop+a
cmtcnonoro ruaroua
nourn ncera pycckomy npoueoue+y npemenn
rnaronon coeepueuuoeo nna,
nanpnmep,
. have/ has MADE CenaB/-n,
. have/ has killED YnB/-n,
. have/ has EATEN CeB/-n,
. have/ has BROUGHT HPHnc/-nn,
. have/ has noticeD 3AmernB/-n.
1) TV nepe cuonaun, naunnammnmncx c euacumx,
a rakxe rora, kora +ra :acmua nponsno-
cnrcx omoeuouo or nocneymmero cnona
n cnennantno emoeuaemca ronopxmnm;
2) TJ nepe cuonaun, naunnammnmncx c coeuacumx
n rex cnyuaxx, kora ns-sa tcrport peun
:acmua to cuueaemca
ro ecrt nponsnocnrcx cuumuo c nocne-
ymmnm cnonom, npnum -J n +rom TJ
npecrannxer coo ne xnnoe J,
a e:acui snyk, ouent noxoxn na pycckoe
esyapnoe -O- n cnone kOpona.
(O qyuruuu :acmui 'to cm. kommenrapn k rekcry X12).
Ecnn xe y Bac nosnnkamr koneannx, rar n rom nnn nnom cnyuae
nponsnocnrt +ry :acmuv, ne mopoutre ronony nn cee,
nn pyrnm, n cmeno ronopnre 1V,
rak kak rakoe nponsnomenne no ncex cnyuaxx
ne ner nn k kaknm nponemam, rem onee, uro enno
crporo nopmt anrnnckoro nponsnomennx n mnpe yxe
(k coxanennm?) npakrnueckn ne cymecrnyer.
Ecrt rontko onpeennnte opueumupi, koropte npenoanarent
nnn yuamncx ntnpaer cee cam;
*** . read . and spend time . npn nepeuncnennn saumu
npn nomomn e:aeo:oe
mpemiu, :emepmie n r.. no cury rnaront
moryr ncnontsonartcx n nx 1-n c:oeapuo ]opme,
ro ecrt BE3 :acmui 'to;
**** . detectivE storieS nanomnnam, uro npu:aeame:iuie
(x nastnam nx onpeoe:euu+u)
HE nsmenxmrcx HH no uncnam,
HH no poam, HH no naexam.
Hpnmept:
nicE girlS cnmnarnunME enymkH
a small house manentkHH om
a small bench manentkAB ckameka
I see an interesting book nnxy nnrepecnVK knnrV;
47
46
narn* uuraro** Iind* any**
qauo +uu
npnnnuno paort. decent job.
ouucum owio
* Hocne ummx (+ooa:iuix) o:e+eumoe
(n annom cnyuae nocne 'SHOULD n 'COULD)
u n nx ompuame:iuo qop+e !!!)
ne yno1peune1cn :acmua 'to,
nockontky noc:eovru rnaron
ne nnune1cn emopi+ (no cury) rnaronom!
Bor cnncok +rnx +ooauoumx o:e+eumoe:
can ru mout (qusu:ecru)
could rvo c/mor, c/ymen, c/mor t, c/ymen t
may +o moxno .
might +am nosmoxno ., moxer n .
must +acm onxen/crnonart
will wn: norasame:i/oopasoeame:i yoyueeo epe+euu
shall u: norasame:i/oopasoeame:i yoyueeo npemenn
nx 'I n 'We
would wvo . t .
should uro onxen t ., cneonano t ., cneyer .
needn`t uuuoum ne nyxno ., ne nao .
.d` rather opaao . ckopee .

than
uem ...
.d` better oo+mo . nyume . u
Ocoennocrn +rnx o:e+eumoe saknmuamrcx n cneymmem:
a) HH nepe nnmn, HH nocne nnx
HE ynorpenxercx :acmua 'to
(rak kak onn ue rnaront !!!);
}
TEKCT X9
ue +oey paorart oma, I can`t work at home
a rum wr m xov+
noromy uro because
ouroos
y menx uem komntmrepa. I have no computer.
a xe uov ro+nmvmo
Bom noue+y x oouxeu 1hat is why I have to
m us wa a xe mv
paorart n name nnnoreke, work in our library,
wr uu avo :aopopu
re +ue paspeueuo where I`m allowed to *
( +ue +oxuo) w+o a+ o:avo mv
nontsonartcx nx komntmrepom. use their computer.
mvs +o ro+nmvmo
Mne cueooeauo m I should *
a uro
sapaoramo* nemnoro ener, make* some money
++r ca+ +auu
utot kynnrt umo komntmrep, to buy any computer,
mv oa +uu ro+nmvmo
no oo cux nop but until now
oam aumn: uav
x ue c+oe I couldn`t
a rvoum
49
48
B +rnx cnyuaxx ncnontsymrcx
TOHIKO sa+euumeuu +ooa:iuix o:e+eumoe euaeoum:
J:e+eum rnaron
$ $
Cmor/y . . will BE ABLE TO .
Mor/nn t ., cmor/nn t . would BE ABLE TO .
u:u . COULD .
Ftn/n t onx/-en/-nt . would HAVE TO do .
cenart
Fy/y onxen cenart . will HAVE TO do .
Fyer moxno . . will BE ALLOWED TO .
FYET nyxno . . will NEED TO .;
) C nnmn ynorpenxmrcx
1outxo cyzermuie mecronmennx 'I/you/he/she/it/we/they
a ue oekrnte (kak n pycckom):
Mue moxno . " I may ... a +o
E cneyer . " She should . uiu uro
Ha+ ne nyxno . " We needn`t . wn uuuoum;
** B ompuame:iuo+ npenoxennn/c ummu ompuauue+
( . ue +oev .) cnono 'any nmeer snauenne uuraro:
Y menx uuroeoa ue tno uurarux ener.
I never had any money.
a u+eo xo +uu +auu
) K nnm HE npnannxmrcx uurarue 'S (axe kora peut
nr o HM nnn o HEH), n uurarue 'ING nnn '(e)D
(n npoueoue+ npemenn), rak kak y uux HE1 (thev dont have)
uu :u, uu epe+u
nockontky onn ue rnaront:
He caA swim On y+eem nnanart.
She mus1 run Ona oouxua erart.
It migh1 happen 3ro +oxem nponsorn.
She maY enter E +oxuo norn.
She woulD come Ona m npnmna.
He shoulD know Emy m cueooeauo snart.
It wilL happen 3ro nponsoom.
He needn`t come Emy ue uyxuo npnxonrt;
n) Bonpocume:iuie nnn ompuame:iuie npenoxennx
c o:e+euma+u crpoxrcx es pyxeckoro yuacrnx uacmuu
'Do?/don`t, 'Does?/doesn`t nnn 'Did?/didn`t.
Bonpoc saarcx CAMHM o:e+eumo+ (npnum +ror eon-
pouaru o:e+eum crannrcx n camom HAAHE nonpoca),
a ompuauue 'NOT cueye1 npxmo sa o:e+eumo+
nnn xe npucoeouuaemca r nemy:
Can he swim? He cannot swim.
May she enter? She may not enter.
She wouldn`t come;
NB !!!
r) Onn HE ynorpenxmrcx pyr c pyrom, ro ecrt nocue
onoro ns nnx ueuosa nocrannrt emopo o:e+eum ns +ro xe
rpynnt, nanpnmep:
ueuosa ronopnrt: 'I will can nnn 'He would must,
rak kak nocne o:e+euma onxen nrn e:aeo:,
a o:e+eumi ue rnaront !!!
51
50
+oxem mmo uyxuo n ero can need* in his
ru uuuo uu xus
noncenenno xnsnn everyday liIe
( kaxonenno), +epuoo :aq
nknmuaa meent including Iurniture
uur:yvouue quu:o
(kponaru, crynta, cronm, (beds, chairs, tables,
ooos :eos moo:s
mka]m, knnxnte nonku, wardrobes, bookshelves,
wooopovos oyruie:es
konpm n r..). carpets etc.).
raanumc umc+mopo
1o ecmo mt nmeem ec 1hat is we have anything
( umo yeoouo), m us wn xe +uuuue
uro mt xornm. (that) we want.
m wn woum
Hamn ern nmemm Our children have
( V namnx ere ecmo) avo :m:opou xe
ceou cocmeeume komnarm their own rooms
+o ovu pvv+s
n +rn komnarm and these rooms
uo uus pvv+s
aeuammca nonnocrtm are totally theirs.
ux(-uu+u). aa movmo:u +oc
nmnm knnru I like books,
a :ar ovrc
TEKCT X10
Ceuac x +oey pacckasart Bam Now I can tell* you
uav a ru mo: mv
ouent mnoroe o cee (ca+o+). very much about myself.
e+pu +am: ooavm +ac+:q
Mox cemtx nmeem My Iamily has
+a q+u:u xs
ue+uoeo oeuee, some money,
ca+ +auu
rak uro mt +oeuu so we could
cov wn rvo
noseouumo cee afford*
oqooo
nokynky npnnnunoro oma buying a decent house
oauue o onucum xavc
n namem +urpopaoue. in our neighborhood.
uu avo u+ooxvo
Hont om nmeem mnoro The new house has many
o umv xavc xs ++uu
nennkonenntx komnam. wonderIul rooms.
wauooqv: pvv+s
3rn komnarm coepxar These rooms contain
uus pvv+s roum+u
ec, umo uenoneky everything that a man
+epuuue m o+u
53
52
mt ue nokynaem uurarux*** we don`t buy any***
wn ooum oa +uu
nenyxntx neme (ououe). unnecessary things (anymore).
auu+cocopu uues +uu+oo
* Hocne ummx o:e+eumoe ro ecrt nocne cnon:
can, could, may, might, must, will, shall, would, should, needn`t,
.d`rather ., .d`better .
(u n nx ompuame:iuo qop+e !!!)
ue yno1peune1cn :acmua 'to.
Tontko o:e+eum 'ought to . cam no cee ynorpenxercx
c +ro :acmue ('She ought to know!
Ona oouxua mua m snart);
** Ecnn anrnnckoe cnono okanunnaercx na '-f nnn na '-fe,
ro npn opasonannn ero +uoxecmeeuuoeo :uc:a
(ro ecrt npn npnannennn k ero konny 's)
+ro nocnenee '-f uacro npenpamaercx n" '-v-,
n nc orou:auue renept yxe ntrnxnr kak '-ves
('knife " 'knives
uaq " uaes);
*** B ompuame:iuo+ npenoxennn ro ecrt c ompuauue+
( . ue norvnae+ .) cnono 'any nmeer snauenne uuraro.
Houepknyrte anrnnckne cnona n c:oeoco:emauu
sanomnnare cpasy xe xax +reueaueumm pyccknm ntpaxennxm.
mar umo renept x nakonen so now I Iinally have
u+em ( y menx ecmo) cov uav a qauo:u xe
naxnoe mecro, a secure place
o curmvo n:oc
re x +oey xpannrt where I can keep*
w+o a ru ruun
ceom nnnoreky. my library.
+a :aopopu
Mt oouxum ynpart We`ve got to clean
wne eam mv r:uuu
nam om n pemonrnponart ero our house and repair it
avo xavc uo pun+o um
e uyxuoe npemx in due time.
( roeoa omo ueooxoou+o). uu omv ma+
Cueoymuu+ nerom Aext summer
uorcm ca+o
x yoy oo:weu I will have to
a wn: xe mv
kynnrt nonym mamnny. buy a new car.
oa o umv raa
1
Ceuac mt ntraemcx Now we try
uav wn mpa
2
cepeuo kaxt onnap, to save every dollar,
mv coe +epu oa:o
mar umo so
cov
55
54
ona m paoraua*** she would work***
uu wvo wr
n raro+-uuo opyeo+ mecre. in some other place.
uu ca+ ao n:oc
Hamn ern xoam Our children go
avo :m:opou eov
e**** mkony kaxt ent. to**** school every day.
mv crvv: +epu o+
Tam onn nsyuamm There they study
+o o cmaou
ryuy npemeroe. a lot of subjects.
o:om oe caoowiurmc
Mo ctn nmum My son likes
+a cau :arc
nce ns uux, all oI them,
oo: oe o+
no ououe eceeo but most of all
oam +ovcm oe oo:
on nmum anrnnckn. he likes English.
xu :arc uue:uui
On snaem +accy He knows a lot of
xu uovs o:om oe
anrnncknx cnoe n English words and
nue:uui wos uo
crnxoe uausycmo. verses by heart.
ecus oa xaam
TEKCT X11
3ror rekcr na cnonx kypcax x am kak omamnee saanne
no nepenoy yxe nocue nepnoro sann1nn nesanncnmo or
crenenn nooeomoe:euuocmu nnn uenororonnennocrn yuamnx-
cx n onn ycnemno c nnm caun cnpannxmrcx.
Bam xe x npocro pekomenym sasypnrt +ror rekcr npxmo
nennkom, onxrt xe npn neoxonmocrn crapaxct ncrannxrt
n ero +urpoqpasi pyrne/nmte anrnnckne cuona.
xnny n Mockne I live in Moscow
a :ue uu +ocrov
1 2 3 " 2 3 1
n xnap1npe moe cec1p`m* in my sister`s* flat
uu +a cncmoc q:m
co ceoe cemt, with my Iamily
wn +a q+u:u
cocroaue ns menx, consisting oI me,
roucncmuue oe +uu
moe xent n nonx oeme. my wiIe and two children.
+a waq uo mvv :m:opou
paoram oma, I work at home,
a wr mxov+
no mox xena but my wiIe
oam +a waq
paoraem sa rpannne n works abroad and
wrc oopooo uo
x ue** ymam, uro I don`t** think that
a ooum uur m
57
56
1 cnono " 2 cnona
n x rynum and I will buv
uo a wn: oa
nonte pmku nx cex new trousers Ior me
umv mpavsos qoo +uu
n +uoeo mopoxenoeo and a lot of ice-cream
uo o:om oe acrpnu+
nx uux. Ior them.
qoo o+
Mt eu+ +uoeo We eat a lot of
wn uum o:om oe
mopoxenoro, ice-cream
acrpnu+
noromy uro because
ouroos
1 2 " 2 1
mt eeo ouent umu+. we like it very much.
wn :ar um e+pu +am:
Ha+ uyxuo muo m " he ****** should
wn uro
norparnrt spend***
cnouo
nemnoro ener, some money
ca+ +auu
nonyueuntx +uor received bv me
pucnueo oa +uu
Mox ouka yuum My daughter learns
+a ooomo :uc
]pannysckn xstk, French
qpoum:
n ona ronopum and she speaks
uo uiu cnuurc
no-qpauuyscru ouent xopomo. French ***** very well.
qpoum: e+pu w+:
Mon oemu uacro My children oIten
+a :m:opou oqu
cnpamnnamm menx ask me
aacr +uu
o monx nyremecrnnax, about my travels
ooavm +a mpe:s
noromy uro because
ouroos
1 2 " 2 1
x +uoeo nyremecrnonau, I travelled a lot
a mpe:o o:om
kora (x) mu monom+. when I was young.
w+u a wos ue
3anrpa Tomorrow
mo+opov
1 cnono " 2 cnona
mt noo+ no marasnnam, we will go shopping
wn wn: eov unuue
59
58
noromy uro because
ouroos
onn oouxum ncranart they must get up**
o +acm eoman
ouent pano. very early.
e+pu :u
Ho x +oey unrart But I can read***
oam a ru puuo
n nncart and write***
uo pam
mar onro, rar (x) xouy. as long as I want.
s :oue s a woum
Mue upaeumc " I***** like
a :ar
+ror opas xusuu this way of life
uc w+ oe :aq
n x ymam, uro and I think that
uo a uur m
x c/+oe m xnrt mar I could live*** like this
a rvo :ue :ar uc
ncm ceom******** xnsnt. all my******** liIe.
oo: +a :aq
* Hpn nomomn ' `s nokasana xosara knaprnpt;
** 3ro ono ns 4 anrnncknx ue
('don`t, 'doesn`t, 'didn`t n 'won`t);
*** Hocne +ooa:iuix +ue+eumoe rnaron ue nsmenxercx;
**** Pycckne n anrnnckne npenorn moryr ne connaart;
sa mom nonym knnry. Ior my new book.
qoo +a umv ovr
2 1 " 1 2
Hncauue ******* knne Books writing *******
ovrc pamuue
enaem menx makes me
+orc +uu
cnoonm+ n cuacrnnnm+. Iree and happy.
qpuu uo xnu
Beuepom In the evening
uu o nueuuue
1 cnono
"
3 cnona
mt eepu+ca oparno omo, we will come back home,
wn wnn ra+ or xov+
(yem) un1a1t knnxku read books
puuo ovrc
n cuo1pe1t renennsop, and watch TV
uo wom: mnu enu
cna n namnx sitting in our
cnmuue uu avo
yonmx kpecnax, comIortable armchairs,
ra+qomoo: aa+:eos
no ne cnnmkom nosno. but not too late.
oam uom mvv :om
Monm oema+ uyxuo My children should
+a :m:opou uro
uoxumoca cnamo n 9 uacon, go to bed at nine o`clock
(nrn n nocrent) eov mvo+o m uau or:or
61
60
TEKCT X12
Hpn nsyuennn +roro $ rekcra ocooe nnnmanne oparnre
na ynorpenenne ueonpeoe:euuoeo apmur:
n ntenenntx npeo:oeoe.
OB 3TOH KHHIE
ABOUT THIS BOOK
ooavm uc ovr
1 2 1 2
Bt xorume nsyuamo You want to study English
anrnnckn. mv woum mv cmaou nue:uui
Kaxoe nyremecrnne Every journey begins
naunnaemcx +epu owiuu ouenus
c oouoeo manentkoro mara. with A small step.
wn oc+oo: cmon
3ra knnra e:emc* This book is* one of**
oouu+ us** uc ovr us wau oe
Bamux nepnmx maroe. your Iirst steps.
o qcm cmonc
3ro * otunax knnra, It is* a normal book
um us ouoo+: ovr
nmemuax onoxky, having a cover,
xeuue oraeo
400 crpannu mercma 400 pages of text
qoo xauopoo n+owius oem+rcm
n neckontko nnnmcrpann. and some illustrations.
uo ca+ u:rcmp+uius
***** Aue:osi:uie ue ronopxr
no-]pannysckn nnn no-anrnnckn .
Ouu npocro ronopxr 'speak French, 'speak English
n nc!;
****** B anrunncxou npenoxennn
oecmevem TOHIKO cyzermuoe mecronmenne,
a ue ooermuoe:
Mue nyxno yexart " I need to leave.
E+v moxno erart " He may run.
Ha+ cneyer ntnnrt " We should drink;
******* Hmeercx n nny npouecc;
******** Y aue:osi:uix ne1 omero cnona ceo
no+romy ouu eceeoa yrounxmr, ue .
Hpn +rom Bam nyxno nayunrtcx sa+euamo name cnono ceo
coomeemcmeymuu+ anrnncknm cnonom ro ecrt eioupami
npannutnoe npumwame:iuoe +ecmou+euue (x nx nastnam
oasameuoum+u onpeoe:ume:+u) no cneymme
nonesneme rannne:
I " MY +a
YOU " YOUR o
HE " HIS xus
SHE " HER x
IT " ITS umc
WE " OUR avo
THEY " THEIR +o
63
62
B sauu+amco aueuucru+ I`m A student of English**
(siro+)** a+ ocmmvooum oe nue:uui
n x nsyuam eeo and I study it
uo a cmaou um
n** (oouo) xstkono mkone, at** A language school,
m o:uewuowi crvv:
rak uro, so,
cov
* oua +eua eaxuo** it is* important for me**
um us u+noomoum qoo +uu
nmemo xopomn yuennk. to have A good textbook.
mv xe oeyo m+rcmovr
1 1- rnaron
B yoyue+** mt nce xornm In the future** we all want
uu oqmv:o wn oo: woum
2 2- rnaron
nmemo xopouym paomy, no to have A good job but
moxe oeyo owio oam
mt ue c+oxe+ we will not be able
wn wn: uom ouu +o:
namu (+rn) paoune mecra, to Iind these jobs,
moqauo uus owios
ecuu mt ue (yem) ronopnrt if *** we don`t *** speak
uq wn ooum cnuur
na nnocrpanno+ xstke**. A Ioreign language**.
oqopuu :uewuowi
3ro * nont yuennk. This is* A new textbook.
uc us ouimv m+rcmovr
Ou * ouent noneseu, It is* very helpful
um us e+pu x+:nqv:
noromy uro because
ouroos
1 1
yuennku nomoramr umoa+ textbooks help people
m+rcmovrc xo:n nuun:
2 2
nsyuamo pasnnunte nayku, to learn diIIerent sciences
mv :u onqpoum caoucus
a +ror konkpernt yuennk and this particular textbook
uo uc nomnrir:o m+rcmovr
1 cnono " 2 cnona
nomoxem Ba+ will help you
wn: xo:n mv
nponnnymo Bau anrnnckn. to advance your English.
mv ooeaauc o nue:uui
Anrnnckn * ue English is* not
nue:uui us uom
rpynt xstk, A diIIicult language,
oonquro:m :uewuowi
no, rar nce pyrne xstku, but like all other languages
oam :ar oo: ao :uewuowius
ou rpeyem +uoeo npakrnku. it needs a lot of practice.
um uuuos o:om oe nprmuc
65
64
PACmHPEHHLE KOMMEHTAPHH
TO study, TO learn, to advance, to have, to Iind, to obtain
nanomnnam, uro :acmua 'TO . nepeo anrnncknm rnaronom
ykastnaer na uecoeepueuui euo +roro rnarona
n nonnocrtm coornercrnyer orou:auu+
-TB /-TH na rouue pycckoro rnarona,
nanpnmep: eraTB, nTH.
Onako nocne nekoroptx rnaronon rnna 'help
(a nocne +ooa:iuix +ue+eumoe ncera!)
nocneymmne rnaront uory1 ynorpenxrtcx es :acmui 'to;
I wanT, you begiN, Ecnn ecrnne nponcxonr
we helP, you neeD, n uacmoaue+ npemenn
they studY, people trY, ro ecrt ce:ac nnn eoooe,
these girlS preIeR ro nocne mecronmenn /rt/nt/mt/onn/,
a rakxe nocne cvoermoe,
croxmnx no +uoxecmeeuuo+ uncne,
anrnnckne rnaront HE nsmenxmrcx.
Ho kora n uacmoe+ xe npemenn
oecmevrm OnC, OnaC, OnoC nnn KroC?
('He beginS, she needS, it growS)
nnn kako-nnyt cvoerm,
croxmn n eouucmeeuuo+ :uc:e (nanpnmep: Mo korC),
ro k rouv rnarona nyxno npnannxrt
okonuanne '(e)S pycckomy -e1/-u1,
nanpnmep: 'He runS On erae1/ exu1;
. DOA`1 speak Tam, re ecrt ompuauue c rnaronom
ro ecrt npncyrcrnyer anrnnckax ompuame:iua :acmua
ono ns 4 anrnncknx HE .
(nanpnmep, . HE snamr),
cam anrnnckn euaeou noome nnkora HE us+euemc
( doesn`t changE),
Mt * (+ro) rpynna ume, We are* A group of people,
wn aa oepyvn oe nuun:
koropme * sannrepeconaut who are* interested
xvv aa numpucmuo
n npo]eccnonantno kaptepe, in A proIessional career,
uu onpoq+uiu: ropno
rak uro mt so we try hard **
ynopuo cmapae+ca**, cov wn mpa xaao
utot nonyunmo in order to obtain
uuoooo mv oom+u
nannyumue pesyntrart. best results.
oocm pusa:mc
Bom noue+y** 1hat`s* the reason why**
mc opnusu wa
mt npenounraem we preIer this textbook
+ror yuennk wn npuq uc m+rcmovr
opyeu+** yuennka+. to other** textbooks.
mv ao m+rcmovrc
* Bc +ro qop+i rnarona 'be,
oasameuoume nx ynorpenennx n anrnnckom npenoxennn;
** A rakne c:v:au npocro sayunnare nansycrt;
*** Hocne 'IF n anrnnckom xstke ue ynompeuammca
nokasarenn ovoveeo npemenn o:e+eumi 'will n 'shall
(kpome vcmoeueeoc ntpaxennx nexnnnocrn
'. iI you will . noxanycra).
67
66
uro, cocrnenno, snaunr
BM1L n cocroxnnn . (c/enart uro-ro).
A nockontky enncrnenno nsuenneuon cocmae:re n
+rom ooopome xnnxercx (is) rnaron 'BE, ro mt saono nonro-
pnm n ero nosmoxnte qop+i npxmo n cocrane +roro xe nennko-
nennoro ooopoma:
I AM (not) able to . I`m (not) .
u:u
You ARE (not) able to . You`re (not) . You aren`t .
He IS (not) able to . He`s (not) . He isn`t .
She IS (not) able to . She`s (not) . She isn`t .
It IS (not) able to . It`s (not) . It isn`t .
We ARE (not) able to . We`re (not) . We aren`t .
They ARE (not) able to . They`re (not) . They aren`t .
I, he, she, it WAS (not) able to . . wasn`t .
You, we, they WERE (not) able to . . weren`t .
Bce WILL BE able to . I`ll be . n r. . u:u . won`t be .
a nsmenxercx/samenxercx
1outxo ca+a ompuame:iua uacmuua
(DON`T ., DOESN`T ., DIDN`T . nnn hON`T .)
Hacm. epe+ Hpou. Byo.
n sanncnmocrn or roro,
KTO n/nn KOIA uero-ro HE oe:a.;
WILL helP,
WILL NOT be able to . ycnore, noxanycra,
uro o:e+eum 'WILL
(n ero ompuame:iuie qop+i 'WILL NOT " WON`T)
+ro konkpernte nokasarenn yoyueeo npemenn,
koropte ncera croxr nepeo rnaronom.
Hocne o:e+euma WILL ca+ e:aeo: n umou cuyuae
ocrarcx ueus+euuui+, nanpnmep:
'I`LL knoW 'I WILL knoW,
'I WON`T knoW 'I WILL NOT knoW.
Kpome +roro, xouy ononnnrentno oparnrt name nnnmanne
na ooopom 'WILL (NOT) BE ABLE TO ..
wn: (uom) ouu oo: mv
3ro enncrnennax nosmoxnocrt opasonannx yoyue-
eo npemenn nx o:e+euma 'CAN ru MOuI, rak kak
cam anrnnckn o:e+eum 'CAN HE nmeer cnoe qop+i
yoyueeo npemenn (net o:e+eumi HE ynorpenxmrcx pyr c
pyrom, no+romy oopasoeame:u ovoveeo npemenn o:e+eumi
'will/shall n neutsn c1ann1t nepe o:e+eumo+ 'can !!!).
Ho+romy, urot ckasart C+oev, C+oweui, C+owe+,
C+oevm n r. ., aue:osi:uie nontsymrcx npekpacntm sa+e-
cmumeue+ o:e+euma 'CAN
ooporom/e:aeo:o+ 'BE ABLE TO .,
69
68
es anrnnckoro xstka. without English.
wuavm nue:uui
Bom noue+y 1hat`s why
mc wa
u mo ycnex, u mox kaptepa both my success and my career
oov +a corc+c uo +a ropno
sanncxr om moero nporpecca depend on my progress
oun+uo ou +a npoepoc
n anrnnckom. in English.
uu nue:uui
Buepa x nouu no +aeasuua+, Yesterday I went shopping
ecmooo a w+um unuue
nocrouory (x) xoren kynnrt since I wanted to buy
cuuc a woumuo mooa
raro-uuyoo nont cnonapt some new dictionary
ca+ umv onruiuopu
nx monx kypcon anrnnckoro. Ior my English course.
qoo +a nue:uui rooc
Ham npenoanarent Our teacher told us
crasau nam avo mmi:o mov:o ac
nocrapamocx n namu to try and to Iind
mompa uo moqauo
raro-uuyoo nont yuennk. some new textbook.
ca+ umv m+rcmovr
On noconeroeau nam He advised us to look Ior
nonckamo xu ooeaso ac mo:yr qoo
TEKCT X13
1 2 1- rnaron 2- rnaron
pemnu nauamo I decided to start
a oucaouo mv cmaam
nonym ]asy (n) ceoe* xnsnn. a new phase in my* liIe.
oumv qos uu +a :aq
1 2 1- rnaron 2- rnaron
xouy ynyumnmo ceo* I want to improve my* English
anrnnckn, a woum mv u+npyve +a nue:uui
mar :mo x c+oey so that I will be able
(x yoy e cocmoauuu) cov m a wn: onu +o:
ronopnmo n unramo to speak and to read English
no-anrnnckn mocnnur uo mv pnuo nue:uui
ouent erno. very Iluently.
e+pu q:mvoum:u
Anrnnckn xstk aeuaemca English is our
namnm nue:uui us avo
mexynapontm xstkom International Language
uumouuiu: :uewuowi
X1. Number 1.
ua+oo wau
Bt ue +oweme cenart You cannot make
$ mv ruom +or
$
uuraro** npo]eccnonantno any** proIessional career
kaptept +uu npoq+uiu: ropno
71
70
+moeo nsnecrnoro n of this Iamous and
oe uc q++oc uo
necrxmero +emooa. brilliant method.
opn:ioum ++oo
nosnonnu ceoe+v pyry, I called mv Iriend,
(+oe+v) a roo:o +a qpouo
mt cornacnunct ncrpernmocx we agreed to meet
wn oepnuo mo+num
n nenrpe eopooa. in the centre of the city.
uu oc+umo oe ocnmu
Mt ncrpernunct We met
wn +om
n nmecre and went shopping together.
nouuu no +aeasuua+. uo w+um unuue moe+o
* Hy uem y uux omero cnona ceo!
no+romy aue:osi:uie eceeoa yrounxmr, ue .;
** B ompuame:iuo+ npenoxennn/c ompuauue+
( . ue +oweme .)
cnono 'any nmeer snauenne uuraro.
raro-uuyoo yuennk, some textbook
ca+ m+rcmovr
ocnonaunt na based on
oocm ou
Honom pycckom meroe, the New Russian Method
oumv pauiu ++oo
cosaunom created rpu+muo
Anekcanpo+ parynknnm+. by A. Dragunkin oa
%
Ke+?
3ror Hont pycckn mero This New Russian Method
uc umv pauiu ++oo
e:emc nanuyumen is the best way
nosmoxnocrtm us oo+cm w+
nsyunmo anrnnckn to learn English
mo:u nue:uui
ouent tcrpo very quickly
e+pu rwnr:u
n ouent ycnemno. and very successIully.
uo e+pu corc+cqv:u
B ouent pao nmemo I`m very glad to have
a+ e+pu e:o moxe
marym xopomym such a good opportunity
nosmoxnocrt cam: o eyo onommvuumu
nponepnmo kauecrno to check the quality
mom:+r o rwo:umu
73
72
x yoy (oimi) e cocmoauuu I will be able to**
( x c+oey) a wn: ouu +o: mv
ronopnrt no-anrnnckn erno, speak English Iluently
cnuur nue:uui q:mvoum:u
n ntpaxamo na +rom xstke and to express in this language
uo mv urcnp+c uu uc :ueeuow
nce ceou ( +ou) mtcnu. all my thoughts.
oo: +a oomc
To ecrt That is
m us
x yoy e cocmoauuu I will be able to**
( x c+oey) a wn: ouu +o: mv
ckasart no-anrnnckn say in English
co uu nue:uui
npakrnueckn ec. practically everything.
nprmuro:u +epuuue
3ro +oxem mmo This can be very important
ouent naxno, uc ru ouu e+pu u+noomoum
noromy uro x xouy cenamo because I want to make a career.
kaptepy. ouroos a woum mv +or o ropno
A utot cenart +ro, And to do this
uo mv ovv uc
+ue uyxuo I need
a uuuo
TEKCT X14
Ocooe nnnmanne oparnre na c:oea n eipaweuu,
pacnonoxennte n nauane rekcra
n emoeueuume onnakontm opasom.
Ho nnm Bt moxere yenrtcx n rom, uro nx roro,
urot nonyuart nonte npannntnte anrnnckne npenoxennx,
Bam sauacrym ocrarouno npocro part ns cnonapx
umme (pyrne) cnona!!!
Hocue moero mpemoeeo ypoka anrnnckoro "
After my third lesson oI English "
aaqmo +a o :ecu oe nue:uu
u:u:
" Hepeo rnonm uernprtm ypokom knrackoro
Before your fourth lesson oI Chinese
ouqoo o qoo :ecu oe :aunus
a +oey yxe crasamo no-aueuucru "
I can already say in English "
a ru oo:p+ou co uu nue:uui
u:u:
" mm +oxeuo yxe cnemo no-rumacru
" you can already sing in Chinese
mv ru oo:p+ou cuue uu :aunus
nourn nc, almost everything
oo:+ovcm +epuuue
uro* x/rt (that)* I/you
m a/mv
xouy/xouemt ckasart/cnert. want to say / to sing.
woum moc+ / mocnue
Ouent ckopo Very soon
e+pu cvvu
75
74
Tam x nocrapamct namu There I will try to Iind
+o a wn: mpa mv qauo
nont yuennk, ocnonaunt a new text-book based
o umv m+rcmovr oocm
na meroe, cosaunom on the method created
ou o++oo rpu+muo
Ke+?
$
Anekcanpo+ parynknnm+. by**** Alexander Dragunkin.
oa a:ercauoo opaeyuruu
Ioeopam*****, 1hey say *****
o co
uro +ror mero that this method
m uc ++oo
npenoanauua anrnnckoro of teaching English
oe mmi:iue nue:uui
+oxem nomout nam can help us
ru xo:n ac
ntyunmo npannutnmn to learn correct English
anrnnckn mv :u rop+rm nue:uui
ouent tcrpo. very quickly.
e+pu rwnr:u
Hocne +roro AIter that
aaqmo m
x nooy no +aeasuua+. I will go shopping.
a wn: eov unuue
snamo anrnnckn to know English very well.
ouent xopomo. mv uov nue:uu e+pu w+:
Mon par n cecrpa My brother and my sister
+a opao uo +a cncmo
nsyuamr anrnnckn roxe***, learn English too***,
:u nue:uui mvv
1 1 2
noromy uro onn xorxr
2
because they want to travel.
nyremecrnonamo. ouroos o woum mompe:
Kaxt ro onn esxr Every year they go
+epu no o eov
n rarym-uuyoo crpany, to some country
mv ca+ raumpu
re onn oouxum where they have to
w+o o xe mv
ronopnrt no-anrnnckn, speak English
cnuur nue:uui
nomo+y umo because local people
mecrnte nmn ouroos :ovr: nuun:
1 2 " 2 1
eu ue ronopxr no-pycckn. don`t speak Russian yet.
ooum cnuur pauiu em
1 cnono " 2 cnona
Ceronx x nooy Today I will go
moo+ a wn: eov
2
"
1 2
n knnxnt marasnn
1
to my Iriend`s book-store.
moeeo pyr`a. mv +a qpouos oyrcmoo
77
76
B nekoroptx cnryannxx +ro moxer trt ouent noxowe
na pycckn xstk:
'I want to be loveD BYyou!.
a woum mv ouu :ae BAH mv
xouy trt nmHMo roBOH!
xouy, urot rt menx nmnn!
(nena M+pnnnn Monpo);
***** B anrnnckom npenoxennn
onsa1eutno onxen npncyrcrnonart cyzerm
(ro ecrt oecmevree :uo).
Ho+romy n namn oes:u:uie ntpaxennx
Ioeopam, uro . nnn Huuym, uro .
aue:osi:uie ncrannxmr mecronmenne Ouu '1hey,
n rora +rn ntpaxennx snyuar no-anrnnckn yxe kak
Ouu eoeopm, uro . ('1hey sav that .)
n Ouu nuuvm, uro . ('1hey write that .).
saoy e neckontko I will visit some shops
marasnnon, a wn: ensum ca+ unc
re x nocrapamct kynnmo where I will try to buy
w+o a wn: mpa mv oa
nonym kaccery a new tape
o umv mon
c monmn nmnmtmn necnxmn. with my Iavourite songs.
wn +a q+epum coues
* Cnono 'that m ..., uro ...
HEOBB3A1EBLHO
nx ynorpenennx n pasronopnom anrnnckom.
Moxno cnokono ckasart: '... almost evervthing I want to say;
** Homnnm, uro no-anrnnckn ueuosa ckasart 'I will can,
rak kak o:e+eum nocne o:e+euma ynorpenxrt ueuosa.
Ho+romy aue:osi:uie n
sa+eurm nropo o:e+eum" euaeouo+ ( 'be able to .);
*** Arnnckoe cnoneuko 'too mvv moxe, marxe
ncera crannrcx e caumn roueu
eicrasieauu nnn npenoxennx
(nnn nx c+ic:oeo uacrn);
**** Ecnn umo-mo cenano/cosano re+-mo (nnn ue+-mo),
ro ykaxnre na +roro roeo-mo
cnoneukom/npenorom 'BY oa.
79
78
Mon mart n oren My Iather and my mother
+a qaao uo +a +ao
ue paoramm, don`t work
ooum wr
a mo par n mox cecrpa and my brother and my sister
uo +a opao uo +a cncmo
nsyuamm anrnnckn. study English.
cmaou nue:uui
Onn +oeym ronopnrt They can speak*** English
no-anrnnckn o ru cnuur nue:uui
ouent xopomo. very well.
e+pu w+:
V uac ontmax knaprnpa, We have a big Ilat
wn xe oone q:m
n mt ue xomu+ noknamo and we don`t want to leave
uo wn ooum woum mv :uue
nam ropo. our city.
avo cnmu
1 2 3 " 1 3 2
Mm ero** ouent umu+*. We like* it** very much.
wn :ar um e+pu +am:
Kaxoe yrpo mt enm xne Every morning we eat bread
+epu +oouuue wn uum opoo
n ntm monoko and drink milk
uo opuur +u:r
+ro nomoraem nam this helps us
uc xo:nc ac
TEKCT X15
R HBY B 3TOM CTAPOM IOPOE
'I LIVE IN THIS OLD CITY
a :ue uu uc ov:o cnmu
xnny n +rom crapom ropoe. I live in this old city.
a :ue uu uc ov:o cnmu
V uac (ecmi) mnoro We have many
wn xe ++uu
kpacnntx ynnu beautiIul streets
omvmuqv: cmpuumc
n sann. and buildings.
uo on:ouues
Takxe* y uac ecmo We have
wn xe
ona peka*. one river, too*.
wau pneo mvv
Mt uacro nnanaem n ne**. We oIten swim in it**.
wn oqu cwn+ uu um
Tt xnnmt n rom nonom You live in that new city
ropoe, mv :ue uu m umv cnmu
n y eac ram uem pekn*. and you have no river there*.
uo mv xe uov pneo +o
Mox cemtx roxe* xnnm My Iamily lives here, too*.
sect*. +a q+u:u :ues xno mvv
81
80
TEKCT X16
MOH MLCAH 'MY THOUGHTS
+a oomc
V +eua* sanxrna I have * my lectures every day.
kaxt ent. a xe +a :erm:oc +epu o+
oouxeu* ynopno I have to * work hard
rpynrtcx, a xe mv wr xaao
1 2 1- rnaron 2- rnaron
ecnn x xouy onmocx iI I want to achieve
uq a woum mv o:mie
uero-nnyt n +ro xnsnu. something in this liIe.
ca+uue uu uc :aq
Mo par aeuaemca** My brother is**
+a opao us
npecrannrene+ a representative
o ponpus+umomue
ontmo nnocrpanno ]npmm, of a big Ioreign company
oe oone qopuu ra+nouu
koropax nponsnoum ymary. that produces paper.
m npoomvcus n+no
On ** xopomn cnennanncr He is** a good specialist
xu us oeyo cn+uie:ucm
n anno onacru, in this Iield,
uu uc quu:o
mmo sopontmn. to be healthy.
mv ouu x+:u
* Oparnre nnnmanne na nopnox cuon
n pycckom n n anrnnckom npenoxennxx;
** Peka ue xenmnna, ropo ue myxunna,
no+romy o nnx no-anrnnckn ronopxr 'it;
*** Hocne +ooa:iuix +ue+eumoe ('. can speak .)
ue crannrcx :acmua 'to.
Kpome +roro, ncnomnnre, noxanycra, uro ouu
ue ronopxr no-anrnnckn
ouu npocro 'speak English !
83
82
npenoananna nnocrpannoeo of teaching a Ioreign language.
xstka. oe mmi:iue oqopuu :uewuowi
Bom namn yuennku Here are our textbooks
xno aa avo m+rcmovrc
na ase +roeo merooa based ****** on this method.
( ocnonaunte na .). oocm ou uc ++oo
Onn u+emm They have
o xe
ouent xopomym penyrannm. a very good reputation.
o e+pu evo punrm+uiu
* Cpannnre 2 pasumx snauennx rnarona 'have;
** Ynorpenenne rnarona 'be nnn ero qop+ oxsarentno!;
*** IF he KAEW ... ECHH BM on 3HAB ... cnoneuko
'IF nmeer na snauennx:
ECHH n ECHH BM;
**** ... better than he DOES n annom cnyuae rnaron 'do
n qop+e 'DOES
3AMEHAE1 cnono 'KNOhS.
3ro xnnenne sa+eeuu ncrpeuaercx ouent uacro
n xnnxercx nopmo;
***** Bnnre: no-pyccxn rnaron crour n npoueoue+ npemenn
( . nonyuau .),
a no-anrnnckn rnaron ne nsmenn,
rak kak
nocne umoro o:e+euma (n rom uncne n nocne 'would)
anrnnckn rnaron ue nsmenxercx !!!;
no y nero ecmo nponemm but he has problems
oam xu xs npoo:e+s
c nnocrpannt+u xstka+u. with Ioreign languages.
wn qopuu :uewuowius
Ecuu m on suau anrnnckn If he knew*** English
uq xu umv nue:uui
nyume, uem on suaem, better than he does****,
o+mo u xu oas
on m nonyuan***** he would earn*****
xu wvo u
n na pasa outme. twice more.
mwac +oo
ue renn, I`m not a genius,
a+ uom ooiwinuies
no x +oey ntyunrt but I can learn
oam a ru :u
anrnnckn ouent tcrpo, English very quickly
nue:uui e+pu rwnr:u
noromy uro sect, n Poccnn since here in Russia
cuuc xno uu pau
y nac ecmo Hont pycckn we have the 'New Russian
wn xe o umv pauiu
mero, koropt aeuaemca Method, that is
++oo m us
ca+m+ +]]ekrnnnm+ the most eIIicient method
meroo+ o+ovcm uqnuieum ++oo
85
84
Hacmoauee npemx:
I, you, we, they HAJE
He, she, it, my dog HAS
V . EC1L .
Hpoueouee npemx:
I, you, he, she, it, we, they HAD
V . BMB/-a/-o/-n
Byoyuee npemx:
I, you, he, she, it, we, they WILL HAJE
V . BV/-er/-yr;
2) ProperLY, quickLY orou:auue 'LY
npnnanexnr uape:ur
n coomeemcmevem pyccknm orou:auu+ O nnn H:
nexnO tenderLY
rpomkO loudLY
panO earLY
rexnnueckH tecnicalLY;
3) IF he KNEh . ECBH (BM) on 3HAB .
cnoneuko 'IF nmeer na snauennx:
ECBH n ECHH BM.
Hmanct:
a) Kak n n pycckom xstke, c 'if n ero snauennn ECBH BM
coueraercx TOHIKO HPOHEHEE BPEMB rnarona,
ro ecrt ero 2-n qop+a ( Inaron(e)D y npaeu:iuix
rnaronon, n ocoax nx kaxoro rnarona y uenpaeu:iuix);
) B ouent npannutnou anrnnckom 'if n ero
snauennn ECHH BM
rnaron 'BE ynorpenxercx
TOALKO n qop+e 'WERE
(a ue 'was)
nesanncnmo or :ua, ro ecrt:
****** baseD on ... +ro 3-n qop+a rnarona
'base ooc ocnontnart(-cx),
ro ecrt +ro naccnnnoe onpeoeueuue,
nponsnennoe ns +roro xe e:aeo:a.
Y npaeuuoumx rnaronon
+ra 3-n qop+a ( naccnnnoe onpeoeueuue)
opasyercx npaeuuouo
( '(e)D),
a y uenpaeu:iuix rnaronon
e nyxno ro1onon
part ns 3-ro cronnka
nmo Tao:ui uenpaeu:iuix e:aeo:oe
no+romy-ro +ra qop+a n nastnaercx 3-e!,
nanpnmep:
baseD on . ocnonAHnt na .
wantED xenaEMt; xenAHnt
regardED paccmarpnnaEMt
IillED nanonnEHnt
constructED nocrpoEHnt
brought npnnecHnt
eateA ceEHnt
takeA nsx1t
killED yn1t.
PACmHPEHHLE KOMMEHTAPHH
1) I HAJE, he HAS, we HAJE
anrnnuane nmecro V +eu ecmi .
ronopxr u+em ..
To xe camoe onn enamr n n pyrnx epe+euax:
u+eu ... nmecro V +eu mu .,
n: yoy u+emi .
nmecro V menx yoem ..
HMETB no-anrnnckn 'HAJE xe,
n nor nce qop+i +roro otunoro rnarona,
pasennnte no epe+eua+:
87
86
TEKCT X17
HTO EAATL? 'WHAT TO DO?
wom mv ovv
1 2
Mt nce xoru+ xnmo We all want to live
wn oo: woum mv :ue
nyume, uem mt xue+*. better than we do*.
o+mo u wn ovv
Ho uro moxem nomout ua+ But what can help us
oam wom ru xo:n ac
cenamo tcrpt nporpecc? to ** make a quick progress?
mv++r orwnr npoepoc
Bc, (ueeo) mt xo1u+ All we want
oo: wn woum
(+ro) pamo, a ne anamo! is to take, not to give!
us mom+r uom moene
Fontmnncrno ns nac ymamm, Most oI us think
+ovcm oe ac uur
uro nc sanncum that everything depends
m +epuuue oun+uos
om*** mecra, on*** the place
ou on:+c
re Bt paoraeme, where you work,
w+o mv wr
no +ro but this is
oam uc us
Ecnn m x BMB nrunkom " IF I WERE a pilot.
Ecnn m on BMB yunrenem " IF HE WERE a teacher.
Ho kak uecrnt uenonek x onxen ormernrt, uro nnuno ncrpe-
uancx n c pesko ompuuameuoum+ ornomennem monotx aue:o-
eoeopux k +romy npannny onn cunramr, uro ynorpenxrt
nocne 'if ( ec:u m) rontko cnono 'were
+ro uncrt cnonsm!
Ho+romy ne ynnnxrect, ecnn Bt n umou cuyuae ycntmn-
re ]pasy 'If I was . +ro, nosmoxno, ne omnka, a nosuu
(renennnx ?!);
n) Co cnoneukom 'IF nn n onom ns ero snauenn
n conpemennom anrnnckom HE ynorpenxmrcx
nokasarenn ovoveeo npemenn o:e+eumi 'will/shall:
'IF I come snaunr u Ecuu x npnXOV,
u Ecuu x npnV.
'IF HE comeS snaunr u Ecnn on npnXOH1,
u Ecnn on npn1.
'IF WE sell it snaunr u Ecnn mt npoaM ero,
u Ecnn mt npoaHM ero.
Ho: '. iI you will! ., noxanycra!;
4) . he hOULD earn . o:e+eum 'WOULD.
nonnocrtm coomeemcmevem
pycckomy BM:
. he WOULD earn . on BM sapaartnau .
Honropxm:
Hocne umoro o:e+euma
anrnnckn rnaron ue us+euaemca !!!
89
88
oaxe ne saue1nn e. without even noticing it.
wuavm nueu uovmucuue um
Xopomee mecro paomm A good place of work
oeyo n:oc oe wr
npocro am Ba+ manc just gives you a chance
owcm eues mv o:aauc
npoemoncrpnponamo to demonstrate
mv o++oucmpom
n npnmennmo and to apply
uo mv on:a
Bamu npnponte your natural
o um:po:
cnoconocru n rananrm, Iaculties and talents
qro:mus uo m:eumc
no onn ue rapanrnpymm Ba+ but they don`t garantee you
$ oam o ooum epoumnu mv
$
uuraro tcrpo kaptepm, any***** quick career,
+uu rwnr ropno
1 2 " 12
ecuu (rontko) Bt ue xennrect unless you marry
au:ec mv +pu
na ono ns one of your bosses` ******
wau oe o oocus
mnorouncnennmx ouepe numerous daughters.
Bamux me]oe. umv+opoc ooomoc
aconmrno omnouno! completely wrong!
ro+n:num:u poue
Bc nonnocrtm Everything entirely
+epuuue uumao:u
sanncum om Bac, depends on you,
oun+uos ou mv
om Bameeo nnrennekra, on your intelligence,
ou o uum+:uowieuc
cmenocru, ntnocnnnocru courage, endurance,
rapuowi uuomvopouc
repnenna n roronnocru patience and readiness
n+uieuc uo p+ouuoc
ncrpernmo ycnex to meet success
mo+num corc+c
n yauy, kora Ba+ and luck when**** you
uo :ar w+u mv
nakonen-ro yacmcx Iinally manage****
qauo:u +uuoiwi
sanonyunmo nx ooux. to get them both.
moe+m o+ oov
Henororonneunt uenonek An unprepared man
u aunpun+oo +u
moxem nerko can easily
ru nusu:u
nponycrnrt nent, miss the aim
+uc o o+
91
90
**** '... WHEA you Iinally MAAAGE ... ... kora Bam
nakonen-ro yaCTCB ....
Bcnomnnre, noxanycra, uro nocue 'hHEN (n nocne 'IF)
n cnyuae ncnontsonannx ero ue kak eonpocume:iuoeo c:oea,
HE nyxnt
nokasarenn ovoveeo npemenn 'will/ shall,
no+romy ]pasa
'... hHEN you Iinally MANAGE ... moxer snaunrt
u:
... kora Bam nakonen-ro voa1c ...,
u:
... kora Bam nakonen-ro voaC1c ...;
***** Hocne nmoro ompuauu ('. don`t guarantee .)
cnono 'any snaunr uuraro;
****** Ecnn xosuu/e:aoe:e cam sakanunnaercx na '-s,
ro em ono ' `s npnannxrt ne nyxno
xnarnr rontko anocmpoqa: 'bosses
`
occoe
(ro ecrt npnnanexamn oocca+).
PACmHPEHHLE KOMMEHTAPHH
1) 'We all want . Mt nce xornm . otunoe
npenoxenne c nopmantntm nopxkom cnon,
onako cmorpnm antme:
'The car we all want Mamnna, KOTOPVR mt nce xornm
to have nmert
aue:osi:uie onee ckynt na cnona,
n nor rakne vmo:urue ncrankn
(rnna . KOTOPVR .)
onn uacro nponyckamr, oxoxct es nnx.
Fytre nnnmarentnt!
Hpnmept:
All (that) we want is . Bc, EIO mt xornm, +ro .
The man (that) I`m looking Ior uenonek, KOTOPOIO x nmy.
The woman (that) you loved Xenmnna, KOTOPVR rt nmnn.
I don`t have what you need Y menx ner TOIO, uro ree nyxno;
* Inaron 'DO ncnontsonan sect nx roro,
urot naxt ne nonropxrt 'live n onom npenoxennn,
ro ecrt on sa+euem pyro anrnnckn e:aeo:
sect 'do sa+euaem 'live;
** 3ect 'to nepe 'make crannrt +oxuo n uyxuo,
rak kak rnaron 'make
xnnxercx yxe emopm+ rnaronom,
n nr ue sa o:e+eumo+ 'can,
a sa e:aeo:o+ 'help;
*** ... dependS OA you Hpeo:oeu, ynorpenxemte
c remn nnn nntmn
anrnncknmn e:aeo:a+u,
HE BCEIA connaamr
c nx pyccknmn coomeemcmeu+u.
Hanpnmep, pycckomy sanncert OT ...
coornercrnyer anrnnckoe 'depend ON
(ro ecrt: sanncert HA ...),
pycckomy cmorpert HA ...
coornercrnyer 'look AT...
(ro ecrt: cmorpert B ...),
n rak anee.
Ecrt e:aeo:i,
koropte n pycckom xstke ynorpenxmrcx BE3 npeo:oeoe,
a n anrnnckom 1outxo C npeo:oea+u:
oxnart/xart KOIO-TO, no 'wait FOR ...,
u uaooopom:
xennrtcx HA (ro+-mo), no 'marry SOMEONE
(es npeo:oea).
Ho+romy, pekomenym cpasy xe sayunnart, C kaknm npeo:o-
eo+ (nnn, moxer, BE3 npenora noome?) ynorpenxercx ror
nnn nno anrnnckn rnaron, n ne ynnnxrtcx n ne nannkonart,
ecnn npyr Bt onapyxnre rakne uecoomeemcmeu.
Bo mnornx cnonapxx nocne rnarona ykastnaercx n ro, c kaknm
npenorom (n c npenorom nn?) +ror rnaron ncnontsyercx;
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92
4) ' .bosseS` daughterS ouepH me]OB
npn nomomn oannennx ' `s
(ro ecrt 'S c anocmpoqo+ ' ` )
k nmomy cvecmeume:iuo+v nnn k u+euu coocmeeuuo+v
mt oosnauaem euaoeuoua/coocmeeuuura uero-ro,
npnum ' `s npntnnxercx nmenno K camomy BBAEBLHV,
nanpnmep:
my Iather`s Ilat knaprnpa moEIO orn`A,
the expert`s opinion mnenne +kcnepr`A,
Britain`s Ioreign policy nnemnxx nonnrnka Fpnrann`H,
Iather-in-law`s car mamnna orunm`A.
Ho-pycckn n +rom cnyuae
euaoeueu cronr n pooume:iuo+ naoewe.
Oparnre, noxanycra, ocoooe nnnmanne na ocooi
nopaoor cuoe n anrnnckom +knnnanenre pyccknm ntpaxennxm
on opamum !!!,
rak kak ouu ronopxr:
1 2 1 2 1 2
Moe marep`H knaprnpa, +kcnepr`A mnenne, orunm`A mamnna,
ro ecrt cnauaua BHAEHEH, a yx norom 1O, :e+ nnaemr.
Takxe eu pas npomy Bac oparnrt ocooe nnnmanne
nor na uro:
ecnn anrnnckoe cnono, oosnauammee euaoeuoua, camo sakanun-
naercx na 'S (nnn na pyrym uunvr cornacnym), nnn ecnn
ono cronr no +uowecmeeuuo+ uncne n coornercrnenno rakxe
sakanunnaercx na 'S, ro em ono 'S k nemy HE npnannxer-
cx, a ero npncyrcrnne rontko oosnauae1cn anocmpoqo+:
our sisters` successes ycnexn namnx cecrp.
avo cucmos corc+cus
2) 'UAprepareD HEnororonnEHnt 3-n qop+a
npannntnoro rnarona prepare
(eomoeumi, npueomae:ueami),
xnnxmmaxcx naccnnntm onpeoeueuue+.
Hpncranka 'UN-. au HE-.
npnar nmomy onpeoe:euur
nnn nmomy cnony,
K koropomy ona npncoennxercx,
ompuuameuouoe (nnn oopamuoe) snauenne:
Onpeoe:euu: Inaront:
uncivilized HEnnnnnnsonannt uncork OTkynopnnart
unpopular HEnonynxpnt undress PA3enart(-cx)
uncommon HEotunt undo PA3nxstnart
uncomIortable HEyont unIasten PACcrrnnart;
3) '. OF work paorM npn nomomn npeo:oea 'OF
n anrnnckom xstke opasyercx roucm-
pvru, coornercrnymmax namemy pooumeuouo+y naoewv. 3rnm
npeo:oeo+ ykastnamrcx ornomennx coocmeeuuocmu nnn npu-
uao:ewuocmu, a rakxe cosamrcx onpeoe:ume:iuie roucmpvr-
uu, npnum npeo:oe 'of moxer ynorpenxrtcx c ummu cvoer-
mo+ (c cvecmeume:iui+, c u+eue+ coocmeeuui+) npn +rom
yxe cauo +ro cvecmeume:iuoe naunnaer ntcrynart
kak onpeoe:euue,
nanpnmep:
a game OF cards kaprOHAB nrpa,
uo:
a game OF words nrpa cnoB,
u:
the house OF my mother om moEH marepH.
Em o ono nosmoxnocrn oosnauennx coocmeeuuura/
euaoeuoua cmorpnre na cneymme crpannne;
95
94
Horom x m AIter that I would
aaqmo m a wvo
noexan** e Honon, go** to London
(cesnn) eov mv :auoou
utot ynyumnrt**** to improve ****
mv u+npyve
ceo*** anrnnckn. my*** English.
+a nue:uui
A nocue Honona And after London
uo aaqmo :auoou
x m nepnyncx** I would return**
a wvo pumu
oparno omo back home
or xov+
n kynnn** m knaprnpm and I would buy** Ilats
uo a wvo oa q:mc
nx cea n nx ceoux*** Ior myself and Ior my***
qoo +ac+:q uo qoo +a
ponrene. parents.
n+opoumc
Onn crapme nmn, They are old people
o aa ov:o nuun:
n x xouy, and I want
uo a woum
utot onn " them ***** to
o+ mv
TEKCT X18
ECAH BL R BMB ...* 'IF I WERE ...*
uq a w
Ecuu m x cran If I became*
uq a our++
orarm+ uenoneko+, a rich man
o pum: +u
1 1- rnaron
x m nauan I would start**
a wvo cmaam
2 2- rnaron
necmu to lead
mv :uuo
aconmrno nnym xnsnt, an absolutely diIIerent liIe,
u oco:rvm:u onqpoum :aq
ro ecrt x m nsmennn that is I would change
m us a wvo :+uowi
ceo*** opas xnsnu. my*** way of liIe.
+a w+ oe :aq
Hpexe ncero First oI all
qcm oeoo:
x m sannarnn** I would pay**
a wvo no
nce ceou*** onru. all my*** debts.
oo: +a oomc
97
96
x m c/enan**, I would do**
a wvo ovv
ecuu m (x) mu* orar(tm). if I were* rich.
uq a w pum:
* 'If I became ... Ecuu m x cmau ...
nanomnnam, uro nocne 'IF
n ero cmtcne Ec:u m ...
ncnontsyercx 2-n qop+a rnarona
ro ecrt npocmoe npoueouee epe+
(kak n n pycckom xstke nocne Ecnn m ...).
'If I were ... Ecuu m x mu ...
em pas nanomnnam, uro npn ynorpenennn
e:aeo:a 'BE
nocne 'IF n ero cmtcne Ec:u m ...
n ouent npannntnom anrnnckom
ncnontsyercx TOHIKO qop+a 'WERE
(a ue 'was)
nesanncnmo or :ua n :uc:a,
nanpnmep:
Ecuu m x BMB conarom " If I WERE a soldier
Ecuu m on BMB onrnmncrom " If heWERE an optimist,
n otunoe:
If you (we, they) WERE here Ecnn m nt BMBH sect;
** I would start ..., I would pay ... m ...
nanomnnam, uro 'hOULD
pycckomy BB,
no n anrnnckom nocue 'would nr
HE qop+a npoueoueeo epe+euu rnarona,
a 1outxo ero cuoeapuaa qop+a
( BE3 :acmui 'to)
ro ecrt npocro ruarou ns cuonapn (ueus+euuui!);
xuuu***** nyume. have***** a better liIe.
(u+euu nyumym xnsnt). xe oo+mo :aq
ne nsnecmen, I`m not a businessman,
a+ uom oonsuuc+u
no ymam, uro but I think that
oam a uur m
x c+oe m I would be able to
a wvo ouu +o: mv
orkptmo ]npmy open a company
ovnu ora+nouu
n onrtcx ycnexa. and win success.
uo wnu corc+c
Mne npannrcx nomoramo I like to help
a :ar mv xo:n
nma+, rak uro people, so,
nuun: cov
x ymam, uro mox ]npma I think that my Iirm
a uur m +a q+
+oeua m could
rvo
cnennannsnponartcx specialize
cn+uie:as
ua nepenoax. in translations.
uu mpouc:+uius
Bor uro That`s what
mc wom
99
98
TEKCT X19
Kaxt ent x Every day I walk
npoeyuueamco +epu o+ a woor
no ynnna+ moeeo ropoka. down the streets of my town.
oavu ocmpnumc oe +a mavu
B renept nspocnt uenonek, I`m a grown up man now
a+ o epovu an +u uav
n x xnny ouent cnokono and I live a very quiet
uo a :ue o e+pu rwaom
xnsntm. liIe.
:aq
V menx ecmo pyr I have a Iriend
a xe o qpouo
on paoraem n mkone. he works in a school.
xu wrc uu o crvv:
Ou yunrent. He is a teacher.
xu us o mmi:o
Mm crapte pystx, We are old Iriends,
wn aa ov:o qpouos
xorx mt uuroeoa ue* muu though we never* were
ov wn u+eo w
ocrarouno nnskn close enough
r:ovc uuaq
on mu akrnnntm he was an active boy,
mantunko+, xu wos urmue oo
*** B anrnnckom xstke uem ooeeo cnona ceo
nmecro nero n xaaou konkpernom cnyuae ncnontsyercx no-
xonmee npumwame:iuoe +ecmou+euue (nnn kak a nx
nastnam oasameuoum onpeoe:ume:i crp. 272):
my, your, his, her, its, our, their;
**** '... 1O improve my English
utot ynyumnrt ceo anrnnckn
'1O ... nepe rnaronom moxer rakxe snaunrt
utot ... (:mo-uuovoi coe:ami);
***** 'I WANT THEM 1O ... xouy, u1Ot OHH ...
konkpernax qop+v:a nx ntpaxennx
utero-nno we:auu no ornomennm
k pyromy :uv.
Hpnum +ro pyroe uuuo ncera
oosnauaercx ozermum+ mecronmennem,
a e:aeo:, oosnauammn mo,
umo onxno cenart +ro pyroe :uo,
ncera cronr n ueonpeoe:uuo qop+e
(C :acmue 'to ...).
Hpnmept:
He wantS US 1O disappear On xouET, 1OBB +m ncuesnn.
We want HIM 1O leave Mt xorHM, 1OBB ou ymn.
I wantED YOU 1O laugh xorEH, 1OBB mm cmexnact;
... would BE ABLE TO ... +ro (n annom cnyuae) cuuouu+i
... could ... c roukn spennx pycckoro xstka,
rak kak oa +rnx ntpaxennx
nepenoxrcx kak (n snauar)
Cmor(-na) t ....
Ho pasnnune nc xe cymecrnyer:
cnono COULD npenonaraer
+euiuvr crenent sanncnmocrn or nnemnnx ocroxrentcrn
n, coornercrnenno,
oo :iuvr crenent veepeuuocmu.
101
100
kapra+u n nyrenonrena+u. maps and guidebooks.
+nc uo eaoovrc
V ueeo ca+aa ououaa He has the biggest
xu xs ooneucm
konneknnx collection
ro:eruiu
opoxntx kapr Eepon`m. oI Europe`s road maps
oe mvoponc povo +nc
(koropym) x roeoa-:uoo I have ever seen.
euoeu. a xe +eo cuuu
m xomeu I`d like to travel,
nonyremecrnonamo, ao :ar mv mpe:
n x m, koneuno, oeuau +ro, and I would certainly do it
uo a wvo cmu:u ovv um
ecuu m x ue mu if I were not
uq a w uom
raknm entm. so poor.
cov nyo
Mt oa ymae+, We both think
wn oov uur
uro +ue** nyxno that I** should
m a uro
ua:ami ceo cocrnennoe eno, start my own business,
cmaam +a ovu onsuuc
no y +eua ncera +auo but I`m always short of
oam a+ oo:wos uom oe
nonntm +neprnu, Iull of energy,
qv: oe +uooiwu
a x mu nennnm+, and I was lazy
uo a wos :+su
n (x) ncera and I always
uo a oo:wos
nmnu meuramo liked to dream
:arm moopnu+
o (ceo+) yymem. about my Iuture.
ooavm +a qmv:o
nc em npooo:war I still keep on dreaming,
+e:ma1t, a cmu: ruun ou opnu+uue
n (x) ymam, (uro) and I think I will dream
yoy +eumamo uo a uur a wn: opuu+
ncm ceom xnsnt. all my liIe.
oo: +a :aq
Mo pyr nmum My Iriend likes
+a qpouo :arc
nyremecrnonamo, to travel,
mompe:
no ou ue nmum meuramo. but he doesn`t like to dream.
oam xu oasum :ar moopnu+
He+?
$
On ncera okpyxu He is always surrounded by
xu us oo:wos copavuouo oa
103
102
moero pyra my Iriend
+a qpouo
ooouxumo mne to lend me
mv :+uo +uu
nemnoro ener. some money.
ca+ +auu
Kpome +roro, a ue ynepen, Besides, I`m not sure
oucaos a+ uom umo
(nn) oacm ou mne whether he will give me
w+o xu wn: eue +uu
+rn entrn, nnn ner. this money or not.
uc +auu oo uom
B nmom cnyuae, x oouxeu In any case I must
uu +uu roc a +acm
npekparnrt +eumart, stop dreaming,
cmon opnu+uue
n x oouxeu trt onee and I have to be more
uo a xe mv onu +oo
ornercrnenntm sa ceom responsible Ior my
pucnoucuo: qoo +a
cocrnennym xnsnt. own liIe.
ovu :aq
ue +oey satrt, uro I can not Iorget that
a ruom qoe+m m
For oau God gave
eoo eoe
ener. money.
+auu
Mo pyr uacro My Iriend oIten
+a qpouo oqu
cnpamnnaem menx: asks me:
aacrc +uu
V rex ecmo (xort) rarue- ? 'Do you have any***
uuyoo*** ovv mv xe +uu
nnanm na yymee? plans Ior your Iuture?
n:uc qoo o qmv:o
1 2 1 2
Hocmapaca nsmennrt 1ry to change
mpa mv :+uowi
ceom xnsnt!. your liIe!.
o :aq
B ue snam, I don`t know
a ooum uov
umo crasamo n orner. what to say in response.
wom moc+ uu pucnoouc
B m oxorno ua:a: I would eagerly start
a wvo nueo:u cmaam
ceo cocrnennoe eno, no my own business, but
+a ovu onsuuc oam
a cnnmkom crecnnrentnt, I`m too shy
a+ mvv u
utot nonpocnrt to ask
mv aacr
105
104
TEKCT X20
Bom mo uemoan. Here is my suitcase.
xno us +a cmvmroc
1 2 " 2 1
B nm uexum* kyua neme, 1here is* a lot oI things in it
( u+eemca*) +o ns o:om oe uues uu um
koropte yoym uyxum +ue that I will ( I`ll) need
m a wn: ( a:) uuuo
ua mre. in the South**.
uu ocav
oouxeu*** yexart sanrpa I`ve got to*** leave tomorrow
ae eam mv :nue mo+opov
He+?
$
ua noesne ( noeso+). by train.
oa mpou
cnpamnnam ceom nopyry: I ask my girlIriend:
a aacr +a e:qpouo
1 2 " 2 1
uro em +ue (uyxuo) 'What else should I take?.
nsxrt?. wom +:c uro a mor
A ona ronopum: And she says:
uo uiu cos
Bepu**** nc, uro '1ake**** all (that)
mor oo: (m)
mee +owem nouaooumoca, you can need,
mv ru uuuo
e**** mne, it**** to me,
um mv +uu
n uro +ue** nentsx and that I** may not
uo m a +o uom
pacrparnrt e **** spend it ****
cnouo um
npocmo mar. for nothing.
qoouauue
* Anrnnckoe cnono 'never camo no cee cpasy ae snaunr
uuroeoa ue .;
** B anrunncxou npenoxennn ncera oecmevem
1outxo cyzerm,
koropt oosnauaercx 1outxo cyzermui+ +ecmou+euue+
ro ecrt mouoro: I, you, he, she, it, we, they !!!;
*** B nonpoce 'anv snaunr (xomo) raro-uuyoo;
**** 'LiIe ue xenmnna, no+romy o ne nyxno ronopnrt 'it.
107
106
ceoa cocrnennax xnsnt, her own liIe,
x ovu :aq
a y +eu (oo:wua oimi) and I should have
uo a uro xe
ceoa ( +oa). mine.
+au
Koneuno, x ue xouy Certanly, I don`t want
cmu:u a ooum woum
sacmaeuamo e nnakart, to make her cry,
mo++r x rpa
noromy uro since
cuuc
+ue***** e wa:ro, " I***** feel pitv for her
a quu: nnmu qoo x
n, eoooe-mo eoeopa, and generallv speaking
uo oiweuopo:u cnnuruue
x npenounram I preIer
a npuq
cmemunxcx xenmnn. laughing women.
:aaquue wn+uu
Kpome +roro, x npocro Besides oI that I simply
oucaos oe m a cn+n:u
nmnm e. love her.
:ae x
Ho x ymam, But I think
oam a uur
n ue sayt nosnonumo mne and don`t Iorget to call me
uo ooum qoe+m mv roo: +uu
(cpasy), rar mouoro as soon as you get there!.
npneeuo!. s cvvu s mv eom +o
3ro nepnt pas This is the Iirst time
uc us oqcm ma+
(uro) x noknam e. that I leave her.
m a :uue x
H (+ro) yxe ceoo+o And it`s already the seventh
uo umc oo:p+ou oc+eou
pas sa +ror ynk+n time during this weekend
ma+ omvopuue uc wnurouo
NB!
x euwv, rar oua n:a:em. " (that) I see her crving.
m a cuu x rpauue
m ue yesxan es ne, I wouldn`t leave without her
a wvoum :uue wuavm x
no ua+***** nnora uaoo but we***** should
oam wn uro
paccranartcx. part sometimes.
naam ca+ma+s
ncera oy+au, uro I always thought that
a oo:wos oom m
y ne oouxua mmo she should have
uiu uro xe
109
108
Kpome +roro, sect nmeercx ouent konkpernax ocooeuuocmi
n nopxke cnon (nocmorpnre ntme!), rak kak ooopom
'1here is/ are/ was/ were/ will be
ncera crannrcx n cauoe nauauo npenoxennx,
a ro, IE nc +ro eucum-:ewum-cmoum-u+eemc
cronr n xonne npenoxennx !!!;
** Cmopoui ceema no-anrnnckn ncera oqop+:rmc
onpeoeuuum+ apmur:e+ 'the:
the North + uoo cenep
the South + cav mr
the East + uucm nocrok
the West + w+cm sana.
H aue:osi:uie ronopxr e mre/cenepe/nocroke/sanae 'in,
a ue ua . !!!;
*** ouxeu 'must ., 'have/has to .
n ' `ve/ `s got to .;
**** urot no-anrnnckn nonpocumo nnn npurasamo,
Bam ocrarouno npocro nsxrt rnaron ns cnonapx,
n npurasamo npxmo omu+ euaeouo+,
nnuyrt ero ue us+euaa !;
***** Tontko cyzermuoe mecronmenne !!!!!
****** Oparnre ocooe nnnmanne na pasuuuy n nopore (onnx
n rex xe !!!) c:oe n nyx uacrxx +roro anrnnckoro npenoxennx.
Bcnomnnre qop+v:v:

%
" " " " " " " "
$
xouy, utot ou snan " 'I want him to rnaron.
$ %

" " " " " " "
Hame cyzermuoe mecronmenne
nepexooum" n nx ooermuoe !!!
uro omo noc:eouu pas, that it`s the last time
(m) umc o:aacm ma+
uro x noknam e, that I leave her,
m a :uue x
n nocne +roro and aIter that
uo aaqmo m
mt noxeuu+ca. we`ll get married.
wn: eom +puo
1 2 3 1 2 3
I want to love her xouy umumo e,
a woum mv :ae x
1 2 3 4 " 1 3 2 4******
n xouy, utot ona nmnna and I want her to love me!
menx! uo a woum x mv :ae +uu
* there IS, there ARE +ro ocomn anrnnckn ooopom,
koropt nyxno npocro nocnpnnxrt
kak annocrt n ntyunrt nansycrt.
On nonnocrtm coornecrnyer pyccknm:
nmeErcx nmeRrcx, ecrt
nexHr nexAr,
croHr croBr,
nncHr nncBr, n rak anee.
Pasuo n +rom ooopome,
n sanncnmocrn or :uc:a n or epe+euu,
tnaer rontko qop+a rnarona 'BE:
1 2
There is a big house here/there.
There are big houses here/there.
There was a big house here/there.
There were big houses here/there.
There will be a big house here/there.
There will be big houses here/there.
111
110
1enepo x nepnnnuam, Aow I`m getting nervous,
uav a+ e+muue ueoc
noromy uro mne kaxemc, because it seems to me
ouroos um cuu+s mv +uu
uro that
m
mon nnanm ramm my plans are vanishing
+a n:us aa euuuiuue
n nosyxe. in the air.
uu o +o
Y +eua cnnmkom mnoro I`ve got too much
ae eam mvv +am:
paort, (koropym x) work
wr
oouxeu coeuamo, to do
( r enannm) mv ovv
n x oouxeu nomoramo and I have to help
uo a xe mv xo:n
ceou+ my
+a
crapentknm ponrenxm, old parents,
ov:o n+opoumc
n y +eua and I have
uo a xe
cuuuro+ mnoro onron. too many debts.
mvv ++uu oomc
TEKCT X21
(3-n qop+a rnarona 'be)
$
uuroeoa ue $mu e* Honone.
I have never been to* London.
a xe u+eo ouuu mv :auoou
3ro ropo It is the city
um us ocnmu
moe meurm. of my dream.
oe +a opuu+
1 1
m ouent xomeu I`d love to
ao :ae mv
2 2
ynnert nce me nsnecrnte see all those Iamous
cuu oo: ovs q++oc
ynnnm n sanna, streets and buildings,
cmpuumc uo on:ouues
2-n qop+a rnarona 'read

$
o koroptx x npouu** I read so many books about**.
crontko knnr. a poo cov ++uu ovrc ooavm
nnannponau +ry I was planning this
a wos n:uuue uc
noesky ncm ceom xnsnt***. trip all my liIe***. Then,
Horom mpun oo: +a :aq ou
x nepecrau nnannponart. I stopped planning.
( npekparnu nnannponauue) a cmonm n:uuue
113
112
x yoy oxnamocx I`ll be waiting Ior
a: ouu w+muue qoo
ero snonka oonosna. his call untill late.
xus roo: aumn: :om
* Ecnn Bt xornre ckasart, uro Bi eoe-mo nomeauu, ro nyx-
no ncnontsonart ntpaxenne 'have been to ., npnum n
annom cnyuae n kauecrne coomeemcmeu namemy e
aue:osi:uie ncnontsymr npenor 'to (a ue 'in):
mu e Mockne yxe 3 pasa
I have been to Moscow 3 times already;
a xe ouuu mv +ocrov puu ma+s oo:p+ou
** Oparnre nnnmanne na mecro npeo:oea n oonx napnanrax;
*** Cnona all my life oxstnamr k ncnontsonannm
nmenno +1on roucmpvruu,
nepeamme nuenno
ouumeuoume, pacmuvmie ecrnnx;
**** Peeyuapuocmo, noemopae+ocmo ecrnn moxno ne-
peanart npn nomomn oopora 'use to . mvs mv, koropt cam
xe n nsmenxercx n sanncnmocrn or :ua n or epe+euu +roro
peev:puoeo ecrnnx:
We USE 1O hunt here every autumn.
wn mvs mv xaum xno +epu oomo+
Mt OBMHHO oxorn+cx sect kaxym ocent.
He USES 1O hunt here every autumn.
xu mvsus mv xaum xno +epu oomo+
On OBMHHO oxornmcx sect kaxym ocent.
We USED 1O hunt here every autumn.
wn mvso mv xaum xno +epu oomo+
Mt OBMHHO oxornunct sect kaxym ocent;
B ovove+ npemenn +ror oopor ue ncnontsyercx!
***** B +rom npenoxennn ntnonnxercx npannno
coe:acoeauu epe+u (crp. 381).
Mox cecrpa namua My sister has found
+a cncmo xs qavuo
ouent nnrepecnt a very interesting
o e+pu numpucmuue
nyrenonrent nx menx, guide-book Ior me,
eaooyr qoo +uu
rak uro x unram ero so I read it
cov a puuo um
kaxt ent. every day.
+epu o+
A oouu +o pyr And a Iriend of mine
uo o qpouo oe +au
nepecennucx e Honon moved to London
+vveo mv :auoou
2 roa (mo+v) uasao. 2 years ago.
mvv nos oeov
On peev:puo**** snonnr mne. He uses to**** call me.
xu mvsus mv roo: +uu
Buepa x ysnau, Yesterday I learned
ecmooo a :uo
uro on yoem snonnmo***** that he would call*****
m xu wvo roo:
mne ceronx neuepom. me tonight.
+uu mvuam
Tak uro, So,
cov
115
114
o koroptx nyxno to worry about:
ecnokonrtcx: mvwopu ooavm
1 cnono 3 cnona
uuu Bt eisoopoeeeme, either you will get well
ao mv wn: eom w+:
1 cnono " 2 cnona
uuu Bt ympme. or you will die.
oo mv wn: oa
Ecun Bt eisoopoeeeme, If* you get well,*
uq mv eom w+:
ro Bam ue o ue+ there is nothing
+o us uauue
ecnokonrtcx. to worry about.
mvwopu ooavm
Ecun xe Bt ympme, If* you die,*
uq mv oa
ecmo rontko ne eeuu, there are only two things
+o aa ovu:u mvv uues
o koroptx nyxno to worry about:
ecnokonrtcx: mvwopu ooavm
1 cnono " 2 cnona
uuu Bt nonaome n pa, either you will go to heaven
ao mv wn: eov mv xoeu
uuu n a. or hell.
oo xo:
Ecnn Bt noname If* you go* to heaven,
na neeca, uq mv eov mv xoeu
TEKCT X22
A renept noyntarect, unrax nennkonennt opasen vu-
:ocoquu up:auoa, koropt x cnncan n Herepypre n ornnunom
Hpnanckom nnnnom ape Le+por na Tearpantno nnoman.
unnoco]nx npnanna.
'An Irishman`s Philisophy.
u apuui+uc qu:ocoqu
Ecmo ncero ne eeuu, 1here are only two things
+o aa ovu:u mvv uues
o koroptx uyxuo to worry about:
ecnokonmocx: mv wopu ooavm
uuu Bt sopont, either you are well
ao mv aa w+:
uuu Bt ontnt. or you are sick.
oo mv aa cur
Ecnn Bt sopont, II you are* well,
uq mv aa w+:
rora Bam ue o ue+ then there`s nothing
ou +os uauue
ecnokonrtcx. to worry about.
mvwopu ooavm
Ho ecnn Bt ontnt, But iI you are* sick,
oam uq mv aa cur
ecmo rontko ne eeuu, there are only two things
+o aa ovu:u mvv uues
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116
IAABA IV
H1EHCKHE TEKCTL
TEKCT X23
B +rom $ rekcre mnoro ntpaxenn/c:oeoco:emauu,
koropte nentsx nepenecrn c anrnnckoro na pycckn ocnonno.
Ho+romy oparnre ocooe nnnmanne
na pycckne oreuea:eumi nmenno maru+ anrnncknm
eipaweuu+ ( na noupknyrte qpasi n ooopomi),
a rakxe na ynorpenenne npeouoeoe.
MOH EHL 'MY DAY
+a oo
ncram e 7 uacon I get up at 7 o`clock
a eoman m coeu or:or
yrpa, in the morning,
uu o+oouuue
packptnam mropm n draw the curtains and
opoo ormuc uo
enam sapxky do gymnasticS
ovv oiwiu+ucmurc
(nnn: 'do my morning exercises)
ovv +a +oouuue +rcocasus
nepeo in front of
uuqpaum oe
orkptrm+ okno+. an open window.
u ovnu wnuoov
ro Bam ue o ue+ there is nothing to worry about.
ecnokonrtcx. +o us uauue mvwopu ooavm
Ho ecnn Bt noname n a, But if* you go* to hell,
oam uq mv eov mv xo:
1 cnono " 2 cnona
Bt yoeme you`ll be
mv: ouu
rak, Bauy +amo, sanxrt so damn busy
cov o+ onsu
noxnmaa pyku npnxrena+, shaking hands with Iriends,
uieruue xuos wn qpouos
(uro) y Bac ue yoem you won`t have time
npemenn mv wovum xe ma+
( Bam yoem ueroeoa)
ecnokonrtcx . to worry ...
mvwopu
* Hanomnnam, uro
nocne cnona 'If uq n eeo cmtcne Ecuu
n anrnnckom npenoxennn
ue ynompeuammca
nokasarenn ovoveeo npemenn 'will n 'shall.
119
118
Hucmpy+eum
$
onu+ us nonoreneu, with one of the towels
wn wau oe omavo:s
koropte ecmo n nannOH that are in the bathroom
m aa uu ooaapyv+
(uro enaem menx cyxu+ (which makes me dry).
opanr menx). wnm: +orc +uu opa
Hocne +roro x nosnpamamct AIter that I go back
aaqmo m a eov or
e (ceor) cnantnm, to mv bedroom,
mv +a o+opvv+
oenamct n dress and
opoc uo
npnuctnamct brush my hair
opaui +a x+o
nepeo sepkano+ in front of a mirror
uuqpaum oe o+npo
(x ouent nmnm cmorpert (I like to look at myself
ua cea, a :ar mv :yr m +ac+:q
%
& & & & & & very much
e+pu +am:
noromy uro because
ouroos
myxunna n sepkane the man in the mirror
o+u uu o+npo
Horom x ny e nannym, Then I go to the bathroom
ou a eov mv o oaapyv+
re xopomentko momct, where I have a good wash
w+o a xe oeyo woui
n re x +oey nert and where I can sing
uo w+o a ru cuue
mon nmnmme necnu my IaIourite songS
+a q+epum coues
rak rpomko, kak xouy. as loudly as I want.
s :avo:u s a woum
Hucmpy+eum
$
momct xonono I wash with cold
a woui wn rov:o
n ropxue noo and hot water
uo xom woomo
(uro enaem menx (which makes me brisk),
+neprnunm+), wnm: +orc +uu opucr
Hucmpy+eum
$
mamnyne+ n mtno+ with shampoo and soap
wn un+nvv uo covn
(uro enaem menx uncrm+) (which makes me clean),
wnm: +orc +uu r:uuu
n sarem x ntrnpamco and then I dry MYSELF
( opam cea) uo ou a opa +ac+:q
121
120
n ue yxnnam and I eat no supper
uo a uum uov cano
eeuepo+, in the evening
uu onueuuue
rak kak (x) xouy since I want to
cuuc a woum mv
cepeut nemnoro soponta. save some health.
coe ca+ xo:
Okono 8 uacoe At about 8 o`clock
m ooavm om or:or
x yxoxy ns ceoe knaprnpm I leave my Ilat
( noknam cnom .) a :uue +a q:m
n ny ua (ceom) paory, and go to my oIIice
uo eov mv +a oquc
rak kak x nc em xouy since I still want to try
nonpoonart cuuc a cmu: woum mompa
cramo ontmo mnmko to become a big boss
mooura+ oone ooc
n paoramo and to work
uo mvwr
no 16 uacon n ent 16 hours a day
cnrcmnuu avoc oo+
e+ecmo 8. instead of 8.
uucm+o oe om
ny nemkom, I walk
a woor
mo ca+m uyuuu pyr). is my best Iriend).
us +a oocm qpouo
pemct kaxoe yrpo, I shave every morning
a uiee +epu +oouuue
a nnora n neuepo+, and sometimes in the evening,
uo ca+ma+s uu onueuuue
kora kya-nnyt ny. when I go out.
w+u a eov avm
epxy I keep
a ruun
ouent xopomym pnrny a very good razor
oe+pu evo p+so
n kako-nnyt and some shaving cream
rpe+ o: opumi uo ca+ uieeuue rpuu+
na nonke on the shelI
ou ouie:q
na pakonnno. above the wash-basin.
ooae owouio+cuu
ue sanrpakam I eat no breakIast
a uum uov op+rqocm
ympo+, in the morning,
uu o+oouuue
1
rak kak xouy since I want to
cuuc a woum mv
2
cepeut nemnoro ener, save some money,
coe ca+ +auu
123
122
(ecuu x yxe ue ront) (unless I`m already naked)
au:ec a+ oo:p+ou u+ruo
n noxyct cnart and go to bed
uo eov mv ooo
nocne yma aIter taking shower
aaqmo m+ruue unvo
(o ovue cm. nmme). (see above).
cuu ooae
Kak nnnme, As you can see,
s mv ru cuu
x cnnm 7 uacoe I sleep 7 hours
a c:uun coeu avoc
(kak npannno). (as a rule).
s opyv:
ecnn ent xopomn, iI it`s a Iine day,
uq umc oqau oo
nnn ey ua anroyce, or I take a bus
oo a mor ooac
ecnn nr oxt, iI it`s raining,
uq umc p+uuue
noromy uro +ro emenne, because it is cheaper
ouroos um us :mino
uem kynnrt sonrnk. than to buy an umbrella.
u mooa ua+op+:o
Hocne okonuauua paorm AIter Iinishing my work
aaqmo qnuuuiuue +a wr
x nosnpamamct oparno I return back home
oo+o a pumu or xov+
n enam nc, uro +oey, and do whatever I can
uo ovv wom+eo a ru
e+ecmo moeo, :mooi enart instead of doing
( nmecro enauua) uucm+o oe oyvuue
nc, uro xouy. whatever I want.
wom+eo a woum
Okono nonynoun At about midnight
m ooavm +nouam
x ny e cnantnm, I go to my bedroom,
a eov mv +a o+opvv+
pasenamct undress
auop+c
125
124
1 2 " 2 1
nmecro +roro e rearp. to the theater instead.
mv o nomo uucm+o
Mt c+ompeuu We saw
wn coo
Hnkonym amy, 'The Queen oI Spades
orwnuu oe cn+os
n x nacnaxaucx em* and I enjoyed it*
uo a uuowio um
upesntuano. very much.
e+pu +am:
Heuue tno nennkonennm+, The singing was excellent,
ocnueuue wos +rco:eum
n nenen, koropt neu and the singer who sang
uo ocnueo xvv cue
rnannym naprnm, the leading part
o:nuouue naam
tn nepeoruaccum+ nenno+ was a first-rate singer
wos o qcm p+m cnueo
n y (nero) mu kpacnnt and had a beautiIul
uo xo oomvmuqv:
cnntnt ronoc. strong voice.
cmpoue eoc
Opkecrpo+ npnxnponau** The orchestra was conducted**
( . mu vnpae:e+ .) ooorucmpo wos rouoarmuo
TEKCT X24
OHH H3 MOHX BEHEPOB
'ONE OF MY EVENINGS
wau oe +a nueuuues
3ect ocooe nnnmanne oparnre na nooupruymme qop+i
uenpaeu:iuix anrnncknx rnaronon (n na nx pycckne coomeem-
cmeu!) sayuueame +rn qop+i npnuo n 1exc1e
npocro rar cuoea !!!
Buepa neuepom Yesterday evening
ecmooo nueuuue
x pemnu norn I decided to go
a oucaouo mv eov
e knno, to the cinema,
mv o cnuo+o
no norom oouu +o pyr but then a Iriend of mine
oam ou oqp+uo oe +au
1 2 1- rnaron 2- rnaron
sauu nanecrnrt +eua came to see me
( ...utot nonnart...) ro+ mv cuu +uu
n npuuc +ue and brought me
uo opoom +uu
nner ua onepV. a ticket for the opera.
omnrum qoo o ovnopo
Tak uro, x nepeyuau So, I changed my mind
cov a :ouoiwio +a +auo
n nouu and went
uo w+um
127
126
n mt nouuu and we went
uo wn w+um
e y]er to the reIreshment-room
mv opuqp+ui+oum pvv+
(utot) ntnnrt to have
mv xe
no okanv mamnanckoeo. a glass of champagne.
oe:aac oe u+n+u
Tam y uac cocmoauaco There we had
(Y nac tna) +o wn xo
ouent nnrepecnax ecea a very interesting talk
o e+pu numpucmuue moor
o onepe n about opera and
ooavm ovnopo uo
o rekymux cotrnax. about current events.
ooavm rapoum ue+umc
Hocne rearpa AIter the theater
aaqmo onomo
mt nouuu nporynxrtcx. we went Ior a walk.
wn w+um qoo owoor
Horoa tna npekpacno The weather was Iine
ow+o wos qau
n muo ouent menuo. and it was **** very warm.
uo um wos e+pu woo+
Mue ouent upaeumca I like
a :ar
Ke+?
$
ouent nsnecrnt by a very Iamous
( nsnecrnm+) oa oe+pu q++oc
npnxp(-o+) n conductor and
rouoarmo uo
mystka tna sameuarentno. the music was wonderIul.
o+mvsur wos wauooqv:
Hockontky mt cuoeuu n noxe Since we sat in a box
cuuc wn cm uu ooorc
neaneko om cnenB, not Iar from the stage,
uom qaa qpo+ ocm+owi
(ro) mt +oeuu nnert nc we could see everything
wn rvo cuu +epuuue
ouent xopomo, n very well and
e+pu w+: uo
x ouapyxuu, uro I found that
a qavuo m
ekopannu tnn*** the scenery was*** marvellous.
uyecntmn. ocnuupu wos +aaeo:oc
Bo epe+a anrpakra During the interval
omopuue onumoe:
x ecmpemuu I met
a +om
oouoeo ceoeeo crapoeo pyra, an old Iriend of mine
uov:o qpouo oe +au
129
128
TEKCT X25
BCTPEHAR PYIA
'MEETING A FRIEND
+numuue oqp+uo
esau rakcn n I took a taxi and
a mvr omrcu uo
noexau e a+ponopr, went to the airport
w+um mv o+onoom
utot ncrpernrt to meet
mv +uum
oouoeo +oeeo an old Iriend of mine
crapoeo pyra, uov:o qpouo oe +au
koropt npuuemau who was coming
xvv wos ra+uue
+ru+ yrpo+ this morning
uc +oouuue
us-sa rpannnm. from abroad.
qpo+ oopooo
Xorx muo * Although it was *
oo:ov um wos
pannee y1po, early morning
:u +oouuue
a+ponopr tn the airport was
o+onoom wos
nonon xnsnu. Iull of liIe.
qv: oe :aq
+ror rnn norom. this type of weather
uc man oe w+o
very much
e+pu +am:
Crannrcx n konen
npenoxennx.
npuuu omo I came home
a ro+ xov+
r nonynouu by midnight
oa +nouam
n cuacrnnnt. and happy.
uo xnu
* Hnkonax ama ue xenmnna, a onepa, no+romy-ro ona it,
a ue she;
** Haccnnnan roucmpvru;
*** Bnnre:
no-pycckn oeropauu no +uoxecmeeuuo+ uncne,
a no-anrnnckn n eouucmeeuuo+ (scenery) !
Ho+romy nocne cnona scenery
n nyxno ynorpenrt 'was, a ue were;
**** B npaeuuouo+ n nouuo+ anrnnckom npenoxennn
oasameuouo onxen npncyrcrnonart cyzerm
(ro ecrt npeo+em nnn :uo) nnn cnono, ero sa+euree.
3ect nmecro cvoerma ncnontsyercx +ecmou+euue it.
131
130
sanrpakaun were having breakIast
w xeuue op+rqocm
nepeo before
ouqoo
nocako na cauou1. getting on board.
e+muue ou oooo
Kar mo:iro As soon as
s cvvu s
pano oxnnuo, the radio announced ****
op+ouov ouavucm
uro camonr that the plane
m on:+u
ns CnneB Irom Sidney
qpo+ cnouu
no1-no1 cne1****, was**** about to land
wos ooavm mv :uo
nocnntmnkn n the porters and
onoomos uo
nesecymue rakcncrm the omnipresent taxi- drivers
o ov+uunp+sum mrcu opaeos
nooexauu came hurrying out
ro+ xapuue avm
r Hpnnry to the 'Arrivals
mv o opae:s
n ceoe neuno in their eternal
(n uxne) uu +o umu:
Fontmue anroycm Big buses
oue oacus
npueosuuu were bringing
w opnueuue
nyremecrnennnkoe ns ropoa. travellers Irom town.
mpe:es qpo+ mavu
B nnxne+ sane In the hall downstairs
uu oxoo: oavucmoos
naccaxnpa+ eseeuueauu ** passengers were having
ncuuowies w xeuue
nx arax their luggage weighed**
+o :aeuoiwi w+o
n npoeepauu** nx and their passports
uo +o naacnoomc
nacnopra n nnert. and tickets examined**.
uo mnrumc ues+uuo
Hocnntmnkn (pas)uocuuu Porters were carrying
noomos w rpuue
arax naccaanpoe` ***. passengers` *** luggage.
ncuuowiec :aeuoiwi
B pecropane nanepxy In the restaurant upstairs
uu op+cmpoue ancm+oc
x ouapyxuu I found
a qavuo
mnoro nme, koropte many people who
++uu nuun: xvv
133
132
nacnoprnt konrpont passport control
naacnoom roumpov:
n nomua ua ramoxnm, and walked to the customs
uo woorm mv oracmo+s
utot nx arax to have their luggage
mv xe +o :aeuoiwi
mu npoeepeu ** checked **
:orm
Ke+ ?
$
ramoxennnka+u. by the customs-oIIicers.
oa oracmo+s oqucos
* B npaeuuouo+ n nouuo+ anrnnckom npenoxennn
oasameuouo onxen npncyrcrnonart cyzerm (ro ecrt
npeo+em nnn :uo) nnn cnono, ero sa+euree.
3ect nmecro cvoerma ncnontsyercx +ecmou+euue it;
** 3ect n anee +ro npnmept roucmpvru,
kora uro-ro enaercx uyxu+u pvra+u,
nanpnmep:
1 2 3 " 1 2 3
Mue nouuuuuu uact 'I had my watch repaired;
*** Kora ua rouue cnona yxe ecrt -s nnn pyrax uuna
cornacnax, ro nx oosnauennx e:aoe:ia moxer trt
ocrarouno 1outxo anocmpoqa, nanpnmep:
My sisters dresses Hnartx monx cecrp;
norone sa knnenra+u. hunt for clients.
(oxore) xaum qoo r:aoumc
Hocue moeo rar (ca+o:m) After making
cenan aaqmo ++ruue
( Hocne enauua .)
ouent kpyrnt kpyxok a very round circle
o e+pu pavuo cr:
uao a+ponopro+, over the airIield
oveo o +oquu:o
nnnor n ero komana the pilot and his crew
ona:om uo xus rpvv
(uxurr)
nocanun ceom mamnny landed their machine
:uouo +o +ouinuu
n nopynnun and taxied up
uo mrcuo an
r sannm a+ponopra. to the airport-building.
mv o +onoom on:ouue
Ipynna naccaxnpoe A group of passengers
oepyvn oe ncuuowies
nennno emuua us lazily got out off
:+su:u eam avm oq
orpomnoeo camonra, the huge plane,
oxmvowi n:ou
2 cnona " 1 cnono
npomua uuroeoa ue cnaun passed the never-sleeping
naacm o u+eo c:nunuue
135
134
TEKCT X26
HHCLMO 'A LETTER
o:emo
oporo pyr! Dear Iriend!
ono qpouo
Mne It gives me
um eues +uu
ouent npnxrno a great pleasure
o epom n:+we
( Mne ocrannxer ontmoe yonontcrnne)
ysnart, uro to learn that
mv :u m
rt nuauupyeuo you are planning
mv aa n:uuue
nocernrt nam ropo. to visit our city.
mv ensum avo cnmu
snam, (uro) I know (that)
a uov m
rt ua+epeeaeuoca you are going to stay
ocranonnrtcx mv aa eovuue mv cmo
n rocrnnnnE, in a hotel,
uu o xovm+:
rak uro, +oey* rex ynepnrt, so I can* assure you
cov a ru oumo mv
**** Pas npeoiovu n +1ou (anrnnckom) npenoxennn e:aeo:
(announceD)
cronr n npoueoue+ epe+euu,
ro n noc:eovru n +rom xe npenoxennn (anrnnckn) e:aeo:
moxe onxen croxrt n npoueoue+ npemenn (was)!
3ect paoraer Hpaeu:o coe:acoeauu epe+u (crp. 381)!
NB:
Be about to ouu ooavm mv
Conpartcx (uro-ro cenart)
n us+euemc n +rom eipaweuuu
mouoro rnaron be.
137
136
npa+o e rocrnnnnV, straght to the hotel,
cmpom mv o xovm+:
rak uro, rt ue nomepaeuo so you`ll lose no time.
npemenn. cov mv: :vvs uov ma+
1 cnono " 2 cnona
Tam rt uaouo n There you`ll also find
+o mv: oo:cov qauo
nce nosmoxnte yocrna, all possible conveniences
oo: nocuo: rouenueucus
nknmuaa nennkonennt including a wonderIull
uur:yvouue o wauooqv:
pecropan c restaurant with
p+cmpoue wn
nstckannOH kyxnEH. an exquisite cuisine.
u urcrwnsum rwusnuu
(Ta) Iocrnnnna, The hotel
oxovm+:
o (koropo) x nnuy, I`m writing about
a+ pamuue ooavm
uaxooumca npxmo n nenrpE is right in the center
us pam uu oc+umo
eopooA n of the city and
oe ocnmu uo
o uouaa uacmo most of
+ovcm oe
uro sect** ecmo mnoro that there are many
m +o aa ++uu
xopomHX rocrnnnH, good hotels here**,
evo xovm+:c xno
n x coeuam ec, umo +oey, and I`ll do my best
uo a: ovv +a oocm
utot saponnponart to book
mv ovr
ca+m yont the most comIortable
o+ovcm ra+qomoo:
nomep nx mea room Ior you
pvv+ qoo mv
n moe nmnmo rocrnnnnE. in my Iavourite hotel.
uu +a q+epum xovm+:
Tak uro, ecnn rt xouemt So, iI you wish
cov uq mv wnui
trt ynepennBM e +rom, to be certain about it,
moonu cmu ooavm um
noxanycra, nosnonH +ue please, give me a call
n:uus eue +uu oroo:
nepeo (me+, rar) npneemt before you come here.
cma. ouqoo mv ra+ xno
ua +auuue omeesy rex I`ll drive you
a: opae mv
c noksana from the station
qpo+ ocm+uiu
139
138
+uoeo en a lot of things to do.
(utot cenart). o:om oe uues mv ovv
1 cnono " 2 cnona
Iocrnnnna npeoocmaeum e The hotel will get her
oxovm+: wn: eom x
xopomEIO rnA, a good guide
oeyo eao
1 cnono " 2 cnona
koropt noeooum e who will take her
xvv wn: mor x
no ropoV, round the city,
pavuo ocnmu
nokaxer e nce mysen will show her all the museums
wn: uv x oo: o+rvsno+s
n nporcx c ue no and will go shopping with her
marasnnam, uo wn: eov unuue wn x
noka rt sanxr. while you are busy.
wa: mv aa onsu
nomnm, uro I remember that
a pu+++oo m
eceeoa, roeoa ona nonyuaer whenever she gets
wou+eo uiu eomc
ckontko-nnyt ener, (ro) some money,
ca+ +auu
oexa +ro nepnoe, clothes are the Iirst thing
r:ovc aa oqcm uue
uyuuHX myseEB, the best museums,
oo+cm +rvsno+s
rearpOB n knno theaters and cinemas
nomos uo cnuo+os
uaxooamca na paccroxnnH are within
aa wunu
neckontkHX mnnyr xotB a Iew minutes walk
oqmv +nuumc woor
nnn esB om ue***. or drive from it***.
oo opae qpo+ um
Ecmo rakxe n 1here is also
+o us oo:cov
ontmo a big
o oue
konneprnt san concert hall
roucom xoo:
npxmo uepes opory**. just across the road**.
owcm orpoc opovo
Ecnn rnox ouaponarentnax xena II your charming wiIe
uq o :aa+uue waq
npuesxaem is coming along
us ra+uue o:oue
c moom, with you
wn mv
y ne yoem she will have
uiu wn: xe
141
140
TEKCT X27
TPEBOIH 'TROUBLES
mpao:s
1 2 " 12
uuroeoa ue* tna I never* was
a u+eo wos
n maro rpyno in such a diIIicult
uu cam:o onqur:m
cnryannn pantme. situation beIore.
cumr+uiu ouqoo
ncera ntrauact I always tried
a oo:wos mpao
ue nmemnnamocx not to interIere
uom mv uumoqno
3 1 2 " 1 2 3
n eua pyrux nm`e, in other people`s aIIairs,
uu ao nnun:s oq+os
no xnsnt sacmae:ua menx but liIe made ** me
oam :aq +oo +uu
enamo +ro. do ** that.
ovv m
Xorx x (n) ue xoreua Though I didn`t want
$
ov a ououm woum
$
nmemo uurarux to have any troubles
nenpnxrnocre, moxe +uu mpao:s
x peeyuapuo *** I used *** to
a mvso mv
ua uro ona nx*** rparnr! she spends it*** on!
uiu cnouos um ou
* Ho-anrnnckn ueuosa ckasart npocro Moev .
rontko B +oev .,
rak kak nannune cyzerma (ro ecrt oecmevreeo :ua)
n anrnnckom npenoxennn xnnxercx oasameuoum+ !!!;
** Kora Bt (no-anrnnckn!) ronopnre,
uro 'here nnn 'there uro-ro u+eemc,
ro anrnnckoe u+eemc/u+ermc '1here is/are .
crannrcx e uauaue npenoxennx (nnn ero c+ic:oeo uacrn),
a nor cnona, oosnauammne eoe +ro u+eemc
cranxrcx e roueu npenoxennx;
*** Iocmuuua n oeuieu ue nmn,
no+romy n o rom, n o pyrom anrnnuane ronopxr 'it.
Hpnum, anrnnckoe cnono 'money oeuoeu nmeer ront-
ko enncrnennoe uncno, a ue +uowecmeeuuoe, kak n pycckom.
Ho+romy o 'money n ronopxr 'it, a ue 'thev.
143
142
uro nsmennuo mo mnenne that changed my mind
m :+uoiwio +a +auo
o npnknmuennax, about adventures,
ooavm ooe+um:os
koropte moxno nonyunrt available
( ocrynntx) oe+:oo:
n peantnom mnpe. in the real world.
nu opno: w:o
mua ne oma I was out
a wos avm
rannenaua***** e dancing***** at
oucuue m
nsnecrnom knye, a well-known club
o w+: uovu r:ao
n ncm nout (nanponr) and throughout the night
uo pvvavm ouam
x nocmoauuo****** I kept****** noticing
opamaua nnnmanne a ronm uovmucuue
(na) nyx monotx nme, two young people
mvv ue nnun:
koropte omuuuauuco who stood out of the crowd
om (ocrantno) ronnt xvv cmvvo avm oe orpavo
ouent pesko. in a big way.
uu oone w+
Oa muu mnnnmym Both were at least
oov w m:nucm
n nnx nonaaua*** come across*** them
ra+ orpoc o+
ncm ceom xnsnt. all my liIe.
oo: +a :aq
o neannero npemenn Untill recently
aumn: pnucum:u
x uuroeoa ue* nepnua I never* believed
$ a u+eo ou:nueo
$
uuraru+**** ncropnxm, any**** of the stories
+uu oe ocmopus
(koropte) x unrana I`ve read
ae poo
n xypnanax. in magazines.
uu +eosuus
nmem n nny, I mean
a +uuu
(uro) nce +rn ncropnu all those stories
oo: ovs cmopus
snyuaun o: menx sounded to me
cavuouo mv +uu
kak ut`u-ro cnm. like somebody`s night-dreams.
:ar ca+ooous uamopnu+s
uro-ro cnyunuoct co mnom, Something happened to me
ca+uue xnuo mv +uu
onako, though,
ov
145
144
Ona xe n npornnononoxnocrt She was by contrast
(emy) mua uiu wos oa roumpaacm
ncknmunrentno neno, an extremely pale
u urcmpnu+:u no:
c ptxnmn nonocamn, redhead,
( ptxyxo), p+oxoo
n e sennte rnasa and her green eyes
uo x epuuu as
pamarnuno orrenxunct were dramatically offset
( (muu . ommeueum .) w opo+mur:u oqc+m
He+?
$
e by her
oa x
monouno-entm nnerom nnna. milk-white complexion.
+n:rwam ro+n:+ruiu
Hamn rnasa ecmpemuuuco, Our eyes met
avo as +om
n +ro mu and this was
uo uc wos
nepem mar the first step
oqcm cmon
(no nanpannennm) r towards
mowooos
monm rpenoram. my troubles.
+a mpao:s
(no) mecrt ]yron pocrom, six Ieet tall
curc quum moo:
n kaxt (ns nnx) tn kpacnn and each was beautiIul
uo uum: wos oimvmuqv:
no-cnoemy. in his own way.
uu xus ovu w+
On mu upntm, He was black
xu wos o:r
n ntrnxeu, kak ecuu m and looked as if
uo :vrm s uq
on mu nsnaau he was sculptured
xu wos cra:n:oo
ns (uau-)nperpacueueeo oI the finest
oe oqauucm
upnoro epena. abony.
+oouu
Ero nonocm ******* His hair*******
xus x+o
muu******* crxnymt ryro was******* pulled tight
wos nv:o mam
na sartnke, at the back oI his head
m oor oe xus xoo
a ero rnasa and his eyes
uo xus as
muu nponsnrentno rony- were a piercing blue.
tmn ( .nponsnrentno w onnucuue o:mv
ronynsno).
147
146
PACmHPEHHLE KOMMEHTAPHH
I never was ., HHkora HE tn(a) .,
I never believed HHkora HE nepnn(a) .
n anrnnckom xstke ecrt cnona,
koropte CPA3Y xe snauar
HHkora HE ., HHkro HE .,
HHuro HE . n r. n., no+romy
npnannxrt k nnm
em ono ompuauue 'NOT nnn 'NO
HE nyxno !;
'. other people`S aIIairs . ena pyrHX nmEH
nanomnnam, uro npnannenne k cnony
yknt '`s uepes anocmpoq
osnauaer euaoeuoua uero-nnyt,
npnum nopxok cnon
n oxsarentnom nopxke H3MEHBETCB
n ntrnxnr cneymmnm opasom:
1 2 3
pyrnx nm`e ena,
ro ecrt CHAHABA crannrcx BHAEHEH,
a rontko HO1OM ro, EM e:aoerm;
'. liIe MADE me . rnaron 'MAKE n couerannn c
pyrnmn rnaronamn nmeer snauenne
sacmaeuamo, npuuvwoami.
Hpn ynorpenennn ero n +rom snauennn
n1opon rnaron
(ro ecrt mo, H1O sacmae:rm enart)
ncnontsyercx n 1-n ( c:oeapuo) qop+e
( BE3 uacrnnt 'to),
nanpnmep:
She MADE me SOLJE this problem.
uiu +oo +uu co:e uc npoo:e+
Ona sacmaeuua menx pemnrt +ry nponemy.
* B anrnnckom xstke o1cy1c1nym1 oeouie ompuauu,
no+romy cnono 'never cpasy xe snaunr uuroeoa ue;
** Hocne rnarona 'make n ero cmtcne sacmaeuamo
nepe noc:eovru+ rnaronom ue uyxua :acmua 'to:
Ona sacrannxer nac cmexrtcx! She makes us laugh!;
uiu +orc ac :aaq
*** Oopor 'use to e:aeo: nepear/oosnauaer
peeyuapuocmo, noemopae+ocmo ecrnn.
B ocnonnom, ncnontsyercx n npoueoue+ npemenn!
Bpe+a sect mt nokastnaem qop+o rnarona 'use:
'used to . npoueouee npemx;
**** 'Any nocne nmoro ompuauu (n nocne 'never)
snaunr uuraro;
***** Tako qop+o nouepknnaercx npouecc
( tna. n mauueeaua);
****** Coueranne 'Keep INGoea qop+a rnarona
nepear nocmoauuoe ecrnne;
******* Hpomy Bac oparnrt ocooe nnnmanne na ro,
uro n annom cnyuae n anrnncko uacrn
ynorpenena qop+a 'WAS ro ecrt rnaron 'BE
n npoueoue+ npemenn n n eouucmeeuuo+ uncne,
rora kak n pyccko uacrn rnaront n nponsnonte or nnx qop-
+i croxr no +uowecmeeuuo+ uncne (oi:H, samuvmB).
3ro npnmep roro, uro cymecrnymr anrnnckne cnona, nmem-
mne 1outxo eouucmeeuuoe uncno (sect, nanpnmep, cnono
'hair eo:ocB), n c koroptmn anrnnckne rnaront rakxe
ynorpenxmrcx 1outxo n eouucmeeuuo+ uncne
('is, 'was).
149
148
B +ro roucmpvruu no :ua+ n no epe+eua+
nsuenne1cn TOHIKO rnaron 'KEEP
('kept +ro 2-n qop+a,
ro ecrt npoueouee npemx rnarona 'keep
n annom cnyuae: npooo:waua);
. WAS sculptureD, rouno kak no-pycckn: BMB nsnaBH,
. WAS pullED tight BMBu nnorno sarxny1t
qop+a na '(e)D 'pullED
+ro 3-n qop+a rnarona,
xnnxmmaxcx naccnnntm onpeoeueuue+.
He tried to MAKE me REGRET about it.
xu mpao mv++r +uu puep+m ooavm um
On (no)ntrancx sacmaeumo menx coxanert o +rom;
'I didn`t want to . o1pnna1eutnan qop+a e:aeo:oe
n anrnnckom xstke opasyercx npn nomomn
4 ompuame:iuix :acmu:
'DOA`1 n 'DOESA`1 (nx uacmoaueeo npemenn),
'DIDA`1 (nx npoueoueeo npemenn)
'WOA`1 (nx yoyueeo npemenn),
koropte nonnocrtm coornercrnymr pycckomy . ue..
Onn (+rn 4 anrnncknx ue) pasenxmrcx no epe+eua+,
no+romy
+rnmn xe uacmuua+u mt nokastnaem n epe+a ompuauu
(nnn no uu+ mt nnnm/cntmnm epe+a +roro ompuauu);
'I USED to . rnaron USE
n couerannn c pyrnmn rnaronamn
npnar ecrnnm snauenne noemope+ocmu, peeyuapuocmu.
On nsmenxercx
no :ua+ (I/you/we/they usE to ., he/she/it useS to .)
n no epe+eua+ ('. useD to .),
n moxer nepenonrtcx uee:aeo:iui+u cnonamn
(nanpnmep, uape:u+u)
peeyuapuo, sauacmym, omuuo n r. n.;
'I kept noticing him nocmoauuo opamana na nero
nnnmanne.
'I kept noticing that . nc npemx sameuana, uro .
coueranne rnarona 'KEEP
c INGoeo qop+o pyroro rnarona
osnauaer nocroxnnym noemopae+ocmo ecrnnx,
oosnauaemoro +rnm opyeu+ rnaronom.
151
150
tnA ram onA, I was there alone,
a wos +o o:ovu
1ax ae xax n so was
cov wos
moH crapMH pyr X., my old Iriend X,
+a ov:o qpouo orc
koropOIO x ue euoe:a whom I hadn`t seen
(oo +roro momenra) xvv+ a xoum cuuu
+uoeo uem. for years.
qoo nos
ne onxna mBa I diDn`t have to
a ououm xe mv
ronopnrt emy, uro tell him that
mo: xu+ m
x tnA n pasrapE I was in the middle
a wos uu o+no:
nmonnOIO kpnsncA of a love crisis
oe o :ae rpacuc
on yxe oraaBcx he had already guessED.
(k romy npemenn). xu xo oo:p+ou eocm
Bor nouemy That`s why
mc wa
on npenOHB he suggestED
xu coowiecmuo
nepern ns apA moving Irom the bar
(nepexo) +yveuue qpo+ ooaa
TEKCT X28
H sect $ opamare ocooe nnnmanne
na ntenennte orou:auu pyccknx us+euae+mx cnon,
koropte n anrnnckom ue nsmenxmrcx.
Takxe cnenre
sa uecoomeemcmeue+ pyccknx n anrnncknx npeo:oeoe.
HHTPHKA 'AN AFFAIR
u oq+o
3ro nponsomBo, It happenED
um xnuo
nnn, ckopee, or, rather,
oo paao
HE nponsomBo it diD no t happen
um ouo uom xnu
e onOH rocrnnnnE at a hotel in London.
n HononE. m oxovm+: uu :auoou
Takax rocrnnnna, The kind oI hotel
(Tnn) orauo oe xovm+:
re napt where couples
w+o ran:s
perncrpnpyK1cx kak sign in as
cau uu s
mncrep n mnccnc Cmnr Mr. and Mrs. Smith
+ncmo uo +ncus c+u
nnn Mp. n Mcc. xoync. or Mr. and Mrs. Jones.
oo +ncmo uo +ncus owvus
153
152
uro x ue c+oeua* m that I couldn`t* handle
cnpannrtcx (c) m a rvoum xuo:
uu c kakHMH ononnnrent- any more complications
nMMH rpynocrBMH +uu +oo ro+n:ur+uius
n cnoEH** xnsnH. in my** liIe.
uu +a :aq
ena ocroxBn Things were
uues w
ocrarouno nnoxo, bad enough, I sighED.
nsoxnyBa x. oo uuaq a cao
Kora mt noouBuci As we maDe our way
s wn +oo avo w+
nnepx no necrnnnE, up the stairs,
an ocm+os
on aB mne he gave me
xu eoe +uu
1 2 3 " 2 3 1
nomep cnoEH** komnarM his** room number
xus pvv+ ua+oo
npocro na ror cnyua, just in case
owcm uur+c
(ecnn) x nepeymam. I change(d) my mind.
a :ouoiwi(o) +a +auo
Mt em yoe+ 'Will we still be
wn: wn cmu: ouu
e onV us to one of
mv wau oe
orentnMX komnar. the private rooms.
o npaeum pvv+s
3ect x paccrasaBa emy, Here I tolD him
xno a mov:o xu+
n um tnA moB nponema. what my problem was.
wom +a npoo:e+ wos
On oaB mne rpesnt, He gave me sober,
xu eoe +uu covoo
pannoymnt coner. disinterested advice.
ousnumpucmuo ooeac
Hocue uacOB cn3 n Hours oI tears and
avos oe mnoc uo
epxauua sa pykn hand holding later,
xuo xov:ouue :+mo
on npenOHB, urot he suggestED that
xu coowiecmuo m
mt yannnnct we retire
wn pumao
e ero cnantnK. to his bedroom.
mv xus o+opvv+
ckasaBa HET, I saiD* no,
a coo uov
uro +ro neyaunax mtcnt, that it wasn`t* a good idea,
m um wosum oeyo aono
155
154
TEKCT X29
MYHHHL H EHmHHL CEIOHR
'MEN AND WOMEN TODAY
+ou uo wn+uu moo+
nepm, uro I believe that
a ou:nue m
uuroeoa ue muo there`s never been
+os u+eo ouuu
ouee nnrepecnoro npemenn a more exciting time
o +oo urcamuue ma+
(utot) trt xenmnno. to be a woman.
moonu owy++u
Koneuno, em cyuecmeymm Sure, there are still
( u+emmca) umo +o aa cmu:
mnoro ntsonoe many 'challenges
++uu ::euoiwius
nepanencrno n yponne the disparity in levels
o oucnpumu uu :eeo:c
onnarm myxunn n xenmnn, of pay for men and women,
oe no qoo +ou uo wn+uu
nocroxnnax yrposa the constant threat
o roucmoum pom
nacnnna n npecrynnocru, of violence and crime,
oe eao:ouc uo rpa+
ynekoneunnanne the perpetuation
o nnomr+uiu
pystxMH, Iriends,
qpouos
ncxnnnnyBa x, I sobbED,
a cooo
ecnn*** x ue iI I don`t***
uq a ooum
nepeymam?***. change*** my mind?.
:ouoiwi +a +auo
On rueuyB mne, He gave me a nod
xu eoe +uu ouoo
uro uorBo nerkO that coulD easiLY
m rvo nusu:u
snaunrt Her, have meant 'No
xe +oum uov
mar xe rar u a. as 'Yes.
s ec
* Oparnre nnnmanne: nce 3 cnona nmemr qop+v npoueoueeo
npemenn +ro npnmep onsa1eutnoro coe:acoeauu epe+u
nnyrpn anrnnckoro npenoxennx (crp. 381);
** Homnnm, uro ooeeo cnona ceo n anrnnckom uem !;
*** Hocne 'if n 99 cnyuaen ue ynompeuammca
'will n 'shall
(kpome eipaweuu eew:ueocmu
'iI you will! noxanycra!).
157
156
x uyncrnym (npncyrcrnne) I sense an optimism
onrnmnsm(a) a couc uonmu+us+
(e eosovxe). in the air.
uu o +o
Ou ecmo ne rontko It`s there not only
umc +o uom ovu:u
noromy, uro monote because young women
xenmnnt ouroos ue wn+uu
ceronx cnntnEe**, today are strongEr**,
moo+ aa cmpoueo
xpapEe**, bravEr**,
op+eo
ouee ncknmunrentnt**, more exceptional**
+oo urc+nuiu:
uem roeoa oi mo uu oi:o, than ever,
u +eo
no marwe u noromy, uro, but also because,
oam oo:cov ouroos
necmorpx na ec ouee despite the ever-more
oucnam o +eo+oo
konkypenrnoe n nanpxxnnoe competitive and stressIul
ro+n+mumue uo cmp+cqv:
omecrno, n koropom mt society in which we live,
xnnm, cocaomu uu wnm: wn :ue
nosmoxnocru the opportunities
o onommvuumus
Ke+?
$
onpeennnt+u by certain inIluential
nnnxrentnt+u oa cmu uuq:r+uui:
kpyra+u omecrna strands of society
cmpuos oe cocaomu
cmemnmx xenckux of ridiculous Iemale
oe puonrr:oc quu++:
crepeornnoe, stereotypes,
cmnpuovmanc
nepannonecne nnacru. the imbalance of power.
o u+o:ouc oe navo
+oeua m npoonxart. I could go on.
a rvo eov ou
Ho, npana rakona , But, the truth is,
oam ompyv us
(uro) naroapx npetymnm thanks to previous
urc mv npneioc
nokonennxm weuuu generations of women,
oiwieuop+uius oe wn+uu
npemena menxmmca*. times are changing*.
ma+c aa :+uoiwiuue
Kora x pasronapnnam When I talk
w+u a moor
c pyrnmn to other young women,
monotmn xenmnnamn, mv ao ue wn+uu
159
158
e mo epe+ rar uncno while the number
wa: oua+oo
paoramunx xenmnn oI working women
oe wruue wn+uu
ecrnnrentno nospocuo has actually risen
xs r:vo:u pasu
ua 2 mnnnnona****. by 2 millioA****.
oa mvv +n:iou
Myxunnt +oeym mmo Men can be excited
sannrpnronaut +ou ru ouu urcamuo
Ke+?
$
cnntnm+u by powerIul,
oa navoqv:
yaunnnm+u xenmnna+u, successIul women,
corc+cqv: wn+uu

no marxe onn +oeym but they can

oam o ru
uyncrnonart cex feel intimidated
ncnyrauntmn. quu: uumu+uo+muo
Ke+?
$
u+u. by them, too.
oa o+ mvv
Oouu 30-nernn xonocrxk A 30-years-old bachelor says:
ronopnr: o mu nos ov:o om:o:o cos
nx xenmnn u+emmca. Ior women are there.
qoo wn+uu aa +o
Ho uro-ro But something
oam ca+uue
nponcxoum* c myxunnamn. is happening* to men.
us xnuuue mv +ou
Ioeopam, (uro) " 1hey say***
o co
nm rpyno they`re having trouble*
op xeuue mpao:
yepxnnart ronont 'keeping their heads
rnunuue +o xoos
uao noo above water
ooae woomo
rar nmonnnkam, rar ornam as lovers, as Iathers
s :aeos s qaaoc
n rar paornnkam. and as workers.
uo s wros
uncno paoomarux +vw:uu The number oI men in work
oua+oo oe +ou uu wr
cokparnuoco noumu ua has dropped by almost
(ynano) xs oponm oa oo:+ovcm
3 mnnnnona**** 3 millioA****
puu +n:iou
sa nocnenne 20 ner, over the last 20 years,
oveo o:aacm mw+umu nos
161
160
ona menx pocnua. she dumped me.
uiu oa+nm +uu
Xorx u+emmca (n) Though, there are
ov +o aa
pyrne cnyuan. other cases.
ao r+cus
Oouu 29-nernn A 29 years-old
o mw+umu uau nos ov:o
menexep no npoaxam sales executive says:
pacckastnaer: co:s urs+rrmue cos
sapaartnam 'I earn
a u
eopasoo +euoue, much less
+am: :ec
uem mox nopyra. than my girl-Iriend.
u +a e:qpouo
ncera suau, I always knew
a oo:wos umv
(uro) oua xopouo no:v- she was a high earner******
:aem****** (nonyuaua), uiu wos o xa uo
axe o roro, even beIore
uueu ouqoo
kak mt uauauu we started dating.
ecmpeuamoca. wn cmaamuo o+muue
3mo ue It`s not
umc uom
uertpe roa 'Four years ago
(mo+y) uasao qoo nos oeov
x ncrpeuaucx c enymko, I dated a girl,
a o+muo oe:
koropax sapaartnaua who earned
xvv uo
e oea pasa ououe, ue+ twice as much as me*****,
x***** ( oeaxom rar x), mwac s +am: s +uu
n tna ouee ycnemua** and was more successIul**
uo wos +oo corc+cqv:
n npo]eccnonantnom nnane. proIessionally.
npoq+uiu:u
Y ne tna FMB, She had a BMW car,
uiu xo o ouu o+ oao: mv raa
ontmax knaprnpa, n ona a big Ilat and she
oone q:m uo uiu
nokynaua nemn na Fon-crpnr. shopped in Bond Street.
unm uu oovuo cmpuum
Ho kora ona nonxua, uro But when she realized that
oam w+u uiu pno:aso m
x (uaxoouuca) nnxE I was lowER than her*****
ne***** a wos :ovo u x
na connantno necrnnne, on the social ladder,
ou ocovuie: :oo
163
162
nnn na rom, urot or by
oo oa
nporvmumi rarue-mo oeuieu blowing some monev
o:ovuue ca+ +auu
na pomanrnueckn oe. on a romantic meal.
ou o pov+umur +uu:
oouxeu enart +rn nemn, I have to do these things
a xe mv ovv uus uues
utot ne art paspymnrtcx to keep my ego intact.
moemy oeo. mornun +a neov uumrm
* Taknm opasom nepeaercx npouecc,
ro ecrt ouumeuouoe oecmeue;
** Bor Bam cpasy oa npnmepa opasonannx anrnncknx
cmeneue cpaeueuu:
1) '(e)R k cnonam,
k koroptm em uuraroe orou:auue ue muo npnanneno:
('strong " 'strongER
cnntnt " cnntnEe);
2) 'more ( oue-e) nepe cnonamn,
r koroptm yxe oi:o uro-ro npuoae:euo:
('exeptional " 'more exeptional);
*** B anrnnckom npenoxennn
onsa1eutno onxen npncyrcrnonart cyzerm
(ro ecrt oecmevree :uo).
Ho+romy n namn oes:u:uie ntpaxennx
Ioeopam, uro . nnn Huuym, uro .
aue:osi:uie ncrannxmr mecronmenne Ouu '1hey,
n rora +rn ntpaxennx snyuar no-anrnnckn yxe kak
Ouu eoeopm, uro . ('1hey sav that .)
n Ouu nuuvm, uro . ('1hey write that .);
nacrontko ontmoe eno, a big enough issue
oone uuaq ncrv
utot paspymnrt to ruin
my pyuu
nam ro+nuerc omuoueuu, our relationship,
avo pu:+uiuuiun
no x nnora but I sometimes
oam a ca+ma+s
uyncrnym cex Ieel emasculated,
kacrpnponauntm, quu: u+crr:omuo
kak, nanpnmep, kora ona such as when she pays
nnarum cam: s w+u uiu nos
sa nam ortx Ior our holidays
qoo avo xo:uoos
nnn pasnpaemcx co curom or picks up the bill
oo nurcan oon:
n pecropane. in a restaurant.
uu op+cmpoue
nacrannam na rom, urot I insist on treating her
a uucncm ou mpnumuue x
epe+ om epe+euu apnrt e now and again
uav uo oe+u
manentkne noapkn, with little presents
wn :um: np+sumc
kora ona +roro ue xom*, when she`s not expecting it*,
w+u uius uom urcn+rmuue um
165
164
{
TEKCT X30
H, na sakycky napa crpouek ns 'The Beatles:
Ecuu m x nnmnncx 'If I FELL in love*
uq a qo: uu :ae
B rex, With you,
wn mv
Hooemana BB rt hOULD you promise**
wvo mv npo+uc
Ftrt nepno To be true
mv ouu mpvv
H nomout mne And HELP me ***
uo xo:n +uu
Honxrt? Understand?
auoocmuo
Horomy uro x (vwe) '`Cause I`ve been****
roos ae ouuu
Bnmnxncx pantme IN love beIore,
uu :ae ouqoo
H x onapyxnn, And I Iound
uo a qavuo
uro nmont +ro ontme, That love is more
m :ae us +oo
uem npocro Than just
u owcm
epxAHne sa pykn .. HoldING handS .*****.
xov:ouue xuos
**** Ho-pycckn 3 mnnnnonA ( +uox. uncno) uero-ro,
a no-anrnnckn 3 mnnnnoH . ( uero-ro)
'3 millioA (es 'S);
***** B oopore
'as much as . cmo:iro we ., rar u .,
maro we ., rar u .
ncnontsyercx 1outxo (anrnnckoe) ozermuoe mecronmenne.
Kpome +roro,
no-pycckn ecrt oee nosmoxnocrn
cpannnrt koro-nno c kem-nno:
1) On cnntnee, ue+ x,
n:
2) On cnntnee +eu.
Ho-anrnnckn xe (yknantno!) nyxno/moxno ronopnrt
1outxo:
On cnntnee ue+ +eua !!!

%
Ozermuoe mecronmenne !
Coornercrnenno, ec +ro ntrnxnr cneymmnm opasom:
me
you
As much as him
She is better than her
Ona - nyume, ue+ it
us
them;
****** 3ro npnmep co:emae+ocmu epe+u,
rak kak oe uacrn anrunncxoro npenoxennx
croxr n npoueoue+ npemenn.
167
166
(ro ecrt n ero c:oeapuo ]opme).
3ro moxer rpakronartcx kak ocooeuuocmi
nnn eo:iuocmi, npncymax paseoeopuo
peun, n nosnonnrt cee ynorpenxrt e
ueocosuauuo moryr rontko re, nx koro
anrnnckn xstk pono nnn nmn,
xopomo snammne anrnnckn
nx uac xe +ro morno m trt ouuro;
**** '`Cause I`ve been IN love beIore . . ' `Cause
cokpamnnoe 'Because;
***** HoldIAG nanomnnam, uro ono ns snauenn
INGoeo qop+i
+ro o1ruaroutnoe cvecmeume:iuoe
co cmtcnom rnarona,
r koropomy 'ing npnanneno:
'TO hold epxaTB, a 'holdIAG oepwAHHE,
'TO run eraTB, a 'runnIAG oee, oeeAHLE,
'TO smoke kypnTB, a 'smokIAG rvpEHHE,
'TO shoot crpenxTB, a 'shootIAG cmpe:iBA.
KOMMEHTAPHH
* 'II I FELL in love . Ecuu m x BHRBHBCB .
nanomnnam, uro nocne 'IF n ero cmtcne
ECHH BM . rnaront (kak n n pycckom
xstke!) ynorpenxmrcx TOHIKO no 2-
qop+e (r. e. n npoueoue+ npemenn):
'FELL 2-x qop+a rnarona 'FALL qoo: naoami;
** 'WOULD you promise .? Tt BM nooemana . ?
nonpoct c +ooa:iui+u +ue+euma+u
saamrcx BE3 eonpocume:iuo :acmui 'DO .?
ca+u+u +rnmn +ue+euma+u,
npnum o:e+eum ntnocnrcx
n HAuAHO npenoxennx!
Hponcxonr +ro noromy,
uro npn nomomn ncex anrnncknx eonpocume:iuix :acmu
(ro ecrt npn nomomn 'Do .?/ Does .?/ Did .?/ Will .?)
nonpoct saamrcx r rnaronam,
a o:e+eumi rnaronamn ue xnnxmrcx !!!
H em pas opamam Bame nnnmanne
na ro, uro (n ornnune or pycckoro ananora!)
rnaron, cueoymuu sa o:e+euma+u 'would n/nn 'should,
ynorpenxercx HE n npoueoue+ npeme-
nn,
a 1outxo n cnoe CAOBAPHOH qop+e
(es :acmui 'to);
*** . help me understand kak yxe ronopnnoct pantme,
rnaron 'help no+oeami onyckaer
ynorpenenne nocneymmero rnarona
(n annom cnyuae, rnarona 'understand)
BE3 uacrnnt 'TO
169
168
n nnemo nonme mecra. and to see new places.
uo mv cuu umv n:+cus
Kora Bt nonaaeme e*** When you get to***
w+u mv eom mv
uyxym crpany, a Ioreign country,
oqopuu raumpu
Bt ncera xornme you always want
mv oo:wos woum
ysnamo to learn
mv :u
xax uoano outme as much as possible
( cmouoro, crouoro s +am: s nocuo:
nosmoxno)
o mecrax, about places
ooavm n:+cus
o (koroptx)**** Bt you`ve heard about *****.
cumxauu. mve xo ooavm
Tak uro, Bt ncera So, you always
cov mv oo:wos
oouxum unrart have to read
xe mv puuo
nyrenonrenu city-guides
cnmu eaos
n npocnrt and ask
uo aacr
mecrnmx xnrene local people
:ovr: nuun:
IAABA V
O KHHIAX n OB AHIAHHCKOM
TEKCT X31
B +rom rekcre oparnre ocooe nnnmanne
na pasuuuy n ynorpenennn (n n ueynorpenennn!)
pyccknx n anrnncknx npenoron.
BAHOCTL AHIAHHCKOIO
'IMPORTANCE OF ENGLISH
u+noomouc oe nue:uui
1 2 1- rnaron 2- rnaron
nmnm nyremecrnonamo. I like to travel.
a :ar mv mpe:
tn e(-o)* I have been to*
a xe ouuu mv
mnorux enponeckux many European
++uu roponnou
crpanax. countries.
raumpus
Bcera It is always
um us oo:wos
ouent nonnymue very exciting
e+pu urcamuue
ncrpeuamocx c** to meet**
mv +uum
nont+u nmi+u new people**
umv nuun:
171
170
xstko+ n mnpe. language in the world.
:uewuowi uu ow:o
Ouent nouesno It`s very useful
umc e+pu mvcqv:
eeuo ronopnmo to speak English

$
no-anrnnckn, mv cnuur nue:uui


" " " " " " " fluently q:mvoum:u
rak kak +ru snanna****** since this****** knowledge
cuuc uc uoo:uowi
nomoramm ynnuroxnmo helps****** to destroy
xo:nc mv oucmpo
mnoxecrno nckyccrnennmx many artiIicial
++uu aamuqnuie:
aptepoe barriers
opuoc
mexy nmt+u. between people.
oumwnuu nuun:
* Hooieami e . no-anrnnckn yer 'have been to .,
a ue 'in;
** Meet people, Bcrpeuartcx C nmtmn,
speak Russian Ionopnrt HO pycckn, n r. n.
Ecrt cnyuan, kora aueuucru rnaron
ynorpenxercx es npenora,
a ero pvccru +knnnanenr c npenorom!
(n naoopor:
xart koro-ro 'wait for someone);
o*** nomomu. for*** help.
qoo xo:n
Bo1 noueuy That`s (the reason) why
mc opnusu wa
x opamam rak I pay so
a no cov
mnoro nnnmanna much attention
+am: om+uuiu
ua*** mou to*** my
mv +a
sanxrna anrnncknm English lessons.
( anrnnckne ypoku). nue:uui :ecuc
Xorx mnorne (nmn) Though many people
ov ++uu nuun:
n Enpone in Europe
uu mvopon
ceuac ronopam nnn speak or understand
nonnmamm cnuur oo auoocmuo
no-pycckn, Russian now,
pauiu uav
anrnnckn xstk the English language
o nue:uui :uewuowi
ocramcx ca+m+ remains the most
pu++us o+ovcm
nonynxpnm+ popular international
mexynaponm+ nonr:o uumouuiu:
173
172
nanpnmep:
advice coner/-t hair nonoc/-t
ooeac x+o
craft cy/-no/-a knowledge snann/-e/-x
rpaaqm uoo:uowi
evidence okasarentcrn/-o/-a luggage arax.
+euoouc :aeuowi
furniture meent nonsense epyna, uenyxa.
quum:o uoucouc
Coornercrnenno, c +rnmn % anrnncknmn cnonamn
euaeoum ncnontsymrcx n eouucmeeuuo+ uncne
(ro ecrt c '(e)S):
1HIS evidence showS ... 3r/o(-n) okasarentcrn/o(-a)
uc +euoouc uv3 emoncrpnpy/er(-mr) ...
1HE aircraIt IS big T/or(-e) camonr(-t) ontm/o(-ne).
o +orpaaqm u3 oue
PACmHPEHHLE KOMMEHTAPHH
'I have been 1O London tn (HOFIBAH) B Honone.
Em pas nonropxm, uro
kora ronopxr, kro n re mu nnn
nomeau n cmtcne nocemuu,
ro otuno ncnontsymr qop+v:v
'. HAVE/ HAS BEEN 1O .,
n koropo pont . e . ntnonnxer
npenor '1O, a ne 'in.
Onako npomy Bac oparnrt nnnmanne n na ro,
uro n pyrnx cnyuaxx ynorpenennx
+ro qop+v:i c rnaronom 'BE
ncnontsyercx otunt npeo:oe 'IN:
I have been IN love beIore nnmnxncx n pantme.
She has never been IA this situation Ona nnkora
ne t(na)na B +ro cnryannn;
*** Get to a country, ask for help, Hanomnnam,
pay attention to . uro anrnncknm npeouoea+
HE ncera coornercrnymr
nx pycckne opami;
**** '. places you`ve . mecra, o romopmx
heard about Bt cntxann.
Mt yxe snaem, uro cnono 'that
n anrnnckom onontno uacro nponyckaercx;
***** '... places you`ve heard ABOU1
... mecra, O (koroptx) Bt cntxann.
Cnoeopasno ocoennocrtm anrnnckoro xstka
xnnxercx nosmoxnocrt crannrt HPEHOIH
nocue cnon, k koroptm onn ornocxrcx,
a nmenno e caumn roueu npenoxennx.
Pantme +ra nosmoxnocrt tna ocoennocrtm paseoeop-
uoeo xstka, renept xe ona ncnontsyercx es orpannuenn,
nanpnmep:
The man I managed to talk 1O
o+u a +uuowio momoor mv
e:oeer, C koroptm mne yanoct noronopnrt.
The girl you loved BEFORE eevura, koropym
oe: mv :aeo ouqoo rt nmnn O ...
The help we thanked FOR Ho+oi, 3A koropym mt
ox+:n wn urm qoo (no-)naroapnnn;
****** thiS knowledgE helpS n anrnnckom cymecrnymr
cnona, ynorpenxmmnecx no-anrnnckn
TOHIKO n eouucmeeuuo+ uncne,
n ro npemx kak nekoropte
nx pycckne coomeemcmeu
moryr nmert u eouucmeeuuoe,
u +uowecmeeuuoe uncna,
175
174
TEKCT X32
YPOK AHIAHHCKOIO
'AN ENGLISH LESSON
u nue:uui :ecu
H n +rom $ rekcre rakxe opamare ocooe nnnmanne
na pasuuuy n ynorpenennn (n n ueynorpenennn!)
pyccknx n anrnncknx npenoron.
V nac We are having
wn aa xeuue
ceuac ypok anrnnckoro. an English lesson now.
unue:uui :ecu uav
Ham yunrent cmoum Our teacher is standing
avo mmi:o us cmuouue
y ocku n at the blackboard and
m o o:roooo uo
nuuem ynpaxnenna (is)* writing exercises
pamuue +rcocasus
n anrnnckue cnona ua ue. and English words on it.
uo nue:uui wos ou um
On enaem +ro He makes it
xu +orc um
Hucmpy+eum (e+?)
$
kycko+ mena. with a piece of chalk.
wn onnuc oe :oor
Ham yunrent npenooam Our teacher is teaching
avo mmi:o us mmi:iue
you HAJE 1O read . oopor 'HAJE TO IHAIOH
(n cuoeapuo qop+e)
xnnxercx sa+euume:e+/ sa+ecmume:e+/ cnnonnmom
o:e+euma 'MUST OHEHcrnonart,
no c ro pasnnne, uro 'MUST
HE us+euaemca no epe+eua+ n :ua+,
a oopor 'HAJE TO . nsmenxercx,
nanpnmep:
I have to go home oouxeu nrn omo.
I must go home.
He has to go home On oouxeu nrn omo.
He must go home.
Bce had to go home Bce oouxum muu
nrn omo.
Bce`ll have to go home Bce oouxum yoym
nrn omo;
the English language Btpaxenne aue:ucru sir
moxer snyuart no-anrnnckn
n kak 'English,
n kak 'the English language,
rora kak ntpaxenne 'the English
snaunr aue:u:aue;
Honnocrtm ntpaxenne Bom no:e+v .
snyunr no-anrnnckn kak 'That`s the reason whv .,
no onee nonynxpna ero corpauua nepcnx:
'That`s why . mc wa.
177
176
mt +oxe+ euoemo we can see
wn ru cuu
ontmo ropo. a big city.
oone cnmu
B nm (ecmo)** mnoro 1here are** many
+o aa ++uu
ntcokux n kpacnnmx tall and nice
moo: uo uac
sann. buildings in it**.
on:ouuec uu um
Horoa nnoxax, The weather is bad,
o w+o us oo
uom cnntnt ooxoo it`s raining heavily.
( ooxoum cnntno). umc p+uuue x+eu:u
Hacmynaem ocent, Autumn is coming,
oomo+ us ra+uue
nncrta +euamm the leaves are changing
o:nues aa :+uowiuue
ceou ( ux) nnera. their colors.
+o ra:oc
Hekoropte us uux Some of them
ca+ oe o+
nc em sennme, are still green,
aa cmu: epuuu
no ecmo** yxe but there are** already
oam +o aa oo:p+ou
ua+ anrnnckn (xstk). English to us.
nue:uui mv ac
Yuamnecx cuoam The students are sitting
ocmmvooumc aa cnmuue
sa cnonmn crona+u at their desks
m +o oocrc
n c+ompm ua nero. and (are)* looking at him.
uo aa :yruue m xu+
Onn nuuym They are writing
o aa pamuue
Hucmpy+eum (e+?)
$
pyuka+u, with pens,
wn nouc
a nepeo nnmn and in front of them
uo uuqpaum oe o+
mt +oxe+ euoemo knnru, we can see books,
wn ru cuu ovrc
rerpaku exercise-books
+rcocas ovrc
n cnonapu. and dictionaries.
uo onruiuopus
B okna 1hrough the windows
(ykn.: Creoso okna .) pvv ownuoovs
nameeo r:acca of our class-room
oe avo r:c pvv+
179
178
nokasart nam kapry show us the map
uv ac o+n
Fpnranckux ocrponoe. of the British Isles.
oe o opnmuui a:s
Ha +ro kapre On this map
ou uc +n
mt +oxe+ euoemo Anrnnm, we can see England,
wn ru cuu nue:ouo
Bornannm, Y+ntc Scotland, Wales
crom:ouo w+:s
n Hpnannm. and Ireland.
uo ao:ouo
Anrnnx +ro rontko uacrt England is only a part
nue:ouo us ovu:u o naam
Coennnnoeo ropoueecmea, of the United Kingdom,
oe o ruamuo rnueoo+
uro aeuaemca which is
wnm: us
o]nnnantnm+ the oIIicial name
nanmenonanne+ o oqnuie: uo+
nce crpanm. of the whole country.
oe o xov: raumpu
Hekoropme uacru Anrnnu Some parts of England
ca+ naamc oe nue:ouo
ouent kpacnnm. are very beautiIul.
aa e+pu omvmuqv:
mnoro xnrmx, many yellow ones ***
++uu e:ov wauc
nexaunx na semnE, lying on the ground,
:auue ou oepavuo
xorx rpana though the grass
ov oepaac
ec paeuo em sennaa. is still green anyway.
us cmu: epuuu +uuwo
Xorx noroa (n) nnoxaa, Though the weather is bad,
ov ow+o us oo
1 2 3 " 1 3 2
em ue xo:oouo. it`s not cold yet.
umc uom rov:o em
Ho mt But we are
oam wn aa
cnnmkom sanxrm, too busy
mvv onsu
utot opamart to pay
mv no
xomo raroe-mo nnnmanne any attention
+uu om+uuiu
ua nnemnn mnp. to the outside world.
mv o avmcao w:o
Ham yunrent coupaemca Our teacher is going to
avo mmi:o us eovuue mv
181
180
PACmHPEHHLE KOMMEHTAPHH
1) We are havIAG, +ro konkpernte cnyuan
. is standIAG, ynorpenennx INGoeo qop+i
n cocrane roucmpvru,
nepeammnx ouumeuoume ecrnnx,
ro ecrt ecrnnx, pacmuvmie no npeme-
nn nnn nponcxoxmne n ouent konkpernt
momenr/ orpesok/ npomexyrok npemenn,
nnn xe nepuoou:ecru nonropxmmnecx.
Hourn ncera +rn oecmeu nmemr
npnnxsky k konkpernomy momenry
nnn nepnoy npemenn.
NB!
Onako, ecnn paccmarpnnart INGoevr qop+v rnarona
yxe HE kak rnaron,
a kak armueuoe onpeoeueuue,
onnctnammee COC1OBHHE uenoneka,
a ue ero ecrnnx
(net, no cyrn ena, +ro rak n ecrt:
'smokIAG kypBHn nnn kypnBHn),
ro nce +rn vwacuie INGoeie roucmpvruu
cranonxrcx aconmrno nonxrntmn
n nerko ycnannaemtmn, nanpnmep:
'Now I am reading a book.
Ceuac x e:rci :umamuu+ knnry.
'She was reading a book when he came in.
Ona oi:a :umaeue knnry, kora on eouu.
J:e+eum Inaron Onpeoe:euue
$ $ $
'Tomorrow at 5 o`clock I will be signing this document.
3anrpa n 5 uacon x ovov noonucieamuu+ +ror okymenr.
B AnrnnH (ecmo)** mnoro 1here are** many
+o aa ++uu
osp, pek, xonmoe lakes, rivers, hills
:orc pneoc xu:s
n rop, and mountains in England**,
uo +avumuuc uu nue:ouo
no ropm but the mountains
oam o+avumuuc
ne ouent ntcoku. are not very high.
aa uom e+pu xa
* 3rn '(is) n '(are) sect ne nyxnt onn yxe ecrt panee,
n onoro 'is/are xnaraer nx oenx INGoeix roucmpvru.
ncrannn em no onomy 'is/are rontko nx roro, urot Bt
ue paspiea:u nx cex INGoeie roucmpvruu
('. is standing . and writing .,
'. are sitting . and looking .);
** . there IS, there ARE ecmo ., u+emmca ..
Hanomnnam, uro +ro ocot anrnnckn ooopom,
koropt nyxno npocro nocnpnnxrt kak annocrt
n ntyunrt nansycrt.
On ncera crannrcx n nauaue anrnnckoro npenoxennx
nnn ero c+ic:oeo uacrn!
A cnona, oosnauammne, eoe nc +ro uaxooumc/u+eemc;
nyxno crannrt e roueu npenoxennx !;
*** B npaeuuouo+ n nouuo+ anrnnckom npenoxennn
oasameuouo onxen npncyrcrnonart cyzerm
(ro ecrt npeo+em nnn :uo).
Hnora on moxer samenxrtcx cnoneukamn
'one (ecnn peut nr o eouucmeeuuo+ uncne)
nnn 'ones (o +uoxecmeeuuo+ uncne).
183
182
TEKCT X33
AHIAHHCKHH R3LK CEIOHR
'ENGLISH TODAY
nue:uui mvo+
OnenkH ornocnrentno EstimateS as to
+cmu+omc s mv
konnuecrnA anrnoronopxmHX the number OF English userS
oua+oo oe nue:uui mvsoc
n mnpE in the world
uu ow:o
snaunrentnO pasnxrcx. vary considerabLY.
e+opu roucnoopoo:u
Hn]pM konenmrcx or The IigureS range Irom
oqneoc pouoiwi qpo+
ymepennBX 800 mnnnnonOB a conservative 800 millioA
o rouceomue 800 +n:iou
om xauopoo +n:iou
oo nentx 2 mnnnnapOB up to as many as 2 billioA,
an mv s ++uu s mvv on:iou
nourn nVX nxrMX almost two-IiIthS
oo:+ovcm mvv quqc
nacenennB mnp`A. OF the world`S population.
oe ow:os nonr:+uiu
Hponema nocurA The problem OF calculation
onpoo:e+ oe r:rr:+uiu
C INGoei+u qop+a+u cymecrnymr n ycrounnte
ooopomi rnna:
'be goING to . ua+epeeamic, cooupamic.
ouu eovuue mv
B +rom % ooopome nsmenxercx mouoro rnaron 'BE,
ro ecrt nx (3) pasumx epe+u (n :u)
Bt npocro yere ncnontsonart pasume ero qop+i,
nnn pasum+u ero qop+a+u Bt yere nokastnart
pasuoe npemx ecrnnx:
nx uacmoaueeo npemenn:
I am going to . (swim) conpamct . (non:aeami)
. is going to . . conpaemcx .
. are going to . . conpaeuocx, conpae+cx,
conpaemect .;
nx npoueoueeo npemenn:
. was going to . . conpaBcx .
. were going to . . conpaBnct .;
nx yoyueeo npemenn:
. will be going to . . BV . conpartcx .;
2) . writing WI1H pens . . nnmyr pyukAMH
npn nomomn npenora 'WI1H wn
n anrnnckom xstke opasyercx nooooue
pycckoro meopumeuouoeo naoewa, koropt
ncnontsyercx, n uacrnocrn, nx ykasannx na ro,
HEM uro-ro enamr, r. e. na uucmpy+eum.
185
184
na (koropo) mt we settle on,
ocranonnmcx wn com: ou
a (na) 1 mnnnnap ontme and 1 billion plus
uo wau on:iou n:ac
BMBO BM pasymnBM WOULD BE a reasonable
wvo ouu opnusuo:
npnnnxenneM approximation,
onporcu++uiu
ona nemt xcna. one thing is certain.
wau uue us cmu
Anrnnckn ceronx English today
nue:uui moo+
BBBBE1CB IS
us
mexynaponBM xstkOM, the international language,
o uumouuiu: :uewuowi
n ernocrt n anrnnckOM and Iluency in English
uo q:mvoucu uu nue:uui
oecneunnaE1 ocryn provideS a passport
npoeaos onaacnoom
e nocroxnno to the ever expandIAG
pacmnpxKHncx mv o +eo urcnuouue
anrnoronopxmn mnp. anglophone world.
ue:oqovu w:o
upeeama rpynocrBMH. is fraught with diIIicultieS.
us qpoom wn onquro:mus
Hanpnmep, oouxum (:u) re, For example, are those
qoo uesaa+n: aa ovs
kro emyuuu(-u) who HAJE learnED
xvv xe :uo
anrnnckn English
nue:uui
kak nropo nnn as a second or
s oc+rouo oo
(kak) nnocrpannt xstk, a Ioreign language
oqopuu :uewuowi
mmo yumEHm ? to BE countED ?
( yuummeamoca?). moonu ravumuo
Ecnn oa, (ro) II so, how fluent
nackontko eeum+u uq cov xav q:mvoum
OHHB onn mmo, MUST they be
+acm o ouu
npexe uem beIore
ouqoo
HX nknmuaK1 THEY ARE includeD
(trt nknmuHntmn) o aa uur:mvouo
n +mom cnncok? in the reconing?
uu op+ruuue
Karo m uu mua nn]pa, Whatever the Iigure
wom+eo oqneo
187
186
We WERE to do this work
Mt oouxum muu coe:ami +ry paory;
*** 'They ARE includeD Hx nknmuamr:
qop+v:a
Inaron 'BE 3-x qop+a cmtcnonoro rnarona
coornercrnyer pyckomy naccuey
n nepenonrcx kak Meua .-rm/ -:u n np.,
nanpnmep:
I`m regardED as an enemy Meu paccmarpnnaK1 kak npara.
He`s regardED as a Iriend Eeo paccmarpnnaK1 kak pyra.
We were regardED as strangers Hac paccmarpnnaBn
kak uyxakon.
They will be regardED as guests Hx yoym paccmarpn-
nart kak rocre.
Kak Bt, naemct, samernnn, no :ua+ n no epe+eua+
us+euaemca % sect
nc ror xe rnaron 'BE.
KOMMEHTAPHH
* 800 millioA, 2 billioA kora anrnnckne cnona
'hundred, 'thousand, 'million n 'billion
(cro, rtcxua, mnnnnon n mnnnnap)
naxoxrcx n coc1ane uucuumeuoumx,
ro onn ynorpenxmrcx
TOHIKO n eouucmeeuuo+ uncne,
nanpnmep:
Iive hundreD nxrtCOT,
ten thousanD ecxrt rtcx,
seven millioA cemt mnnnnonOB,
three billioA rpn mnnnnapA.
Ho:
HundredS (thousandS, millionS, billionS) OF inhabitantS.
CornH (rtcxuH, mnnnnonB, mnnnnapB) xnrenEH;
** . ARE to be countED . oouxum trt
nocunrAHt/ yurEHt
qop+v:a 'BE to . n couerannn c pyrnm rnaronom
nnn c pyro rnarontno roucmpvrue
osnauaer oouxeucmeoeauue c orrenkom eiuvwoeuuocmu.
3ra qop+v:a npnmenxercx (n ocnonnom)
n uacmoaue+ n n npoueoue+ npemenax,
a us+euaemca n ne, ecrecrnenno, ca+ rnaron 'BE:
I AM to leave Ior Sochi tomorrow
3anrpa x oouxeu v:ememi n Coun.
He IS to go now Tenept on oouxeu vmu.
She WAS to complete this
Ona oouxua mua saeepuumi +ro.
189
188
y ueeo (ecmi) na it has two meanings:
snauenna: um xs mvv +nuuuues
nn mxrkoeo 'a kind of a soIt
orauo oe ocoqm
nnockoeo rononnoeo yopa, Ilat hat
q:m xm
nnn: nnockax kptmeuka or: 'a Ilat lid
oo oq:m :uo
na yrtnke. on a bottle.
ou ooom:
Cnonapu rakxe nokastnamm, Dictionaries also show you
onruiuopus oo:cov uv mv
kak nponsnocnmo cnona, how to spell the words,
xav mv cno: owos
n nomoramm Bam and help you
uo xo:n mv
ncnontsonamo ux npannntno. to use them properly.
mv mvs o+ npono:u
Beeue It is easier
um us nusuo
nckamo cnona to look words up
mv :vr wos an
n cnonape (rora), kora in a dictionary when
uu oonruiuopu w+u
Bt +oxeme nasnart you can say
(nepeuncnnrt) mv ru co
TEKCT X34
O CAOBAPBX 'ABOUT DICTIONARIES
ooavm onruiuopus
Cnonapu ouent nonesnm. Dictionaries are very useIuL.
onruiuopus aa e+pu mvcqv:
Hontsyact u+u, By using them
oa mvsuue o+
Bt +oxeme onpeennmo, you can Iind out
mv ru qauo avm
uro snauum (raroe-uuo) what a word means.
cnono. wom owo +uuus
Hnora Sometimes
ca+ma+s
Bt onapyxume, you will find out
mv wn: qauo avm
uro y ueeo (u+eemc) that it has more
ontme, m um xs +oo
ue+ ono snauenne. than one meaning.
u wau +nuuuue
Hoc+ompnme ua cnono Look * at the word 'cap,
cap, :vr m owo rn
nanpnmep! Ior example!
qoo uesaa+n:
1 cnono " 2 cnona
Bt ynnume, uro You will see that
mv wn: cuu m
191
190
tcrpee** more quickly**
+oo rwnr:u
ouent ckopo. very soon.
e+pu cvvu
* 'LOOK at the word .! +ro noee:ume:iuoe uar:oueuue,
ro ecrt qop+a, koropo
npocam nnn npurasmeamm.
B anrnnckom nc +ro cenart ouent nerko:
orkptn cnonapt, ynnen cnono
+mu+ cuoeo+ n npocu nnn npurasiea,
ue us+eu ero!;
** 3ro cmeneui cpaeueuu napeunx,
npnum nockontky cnono 'quickly xnnxercx cocmaeui+
ro ecrt n nu yxe ecrt npnanuennoe orou:auue
('quickly)
ro nropoe orou:auue npuoae:mi yxe ueuosa
( +o Hpannno N3:
Ha uaeeueuuoe ue uaeeuuea!).
Ho+romy aue:osi:uie n ronopxr ue tcrpEe,
a ouee tcrpo 'more quickly!
yknm an]annra the letters of the alphabet
o:emoc oe o:qooum
n npannntno+ nopxke. in correct order.
uu rop+rm oooo
(: moeo) utot narn cnono, 1o look up a word
mv :vr an owo
Bam rakxe yoem uyxuo you will also need
mv wn: oo:cov uuuo
nnnmarentno nocmorpemo to look careIully
mv :yr reoqv:u
ua nce yknB n u+. at all the letters in it.
(, cooepwauec) m oo: o:emoc uu um
Cnauana At Iirst,
m qcm
Bam +oxem nonaonrtcx you might need
mv +am uuuo
mnnyra nnn ne, a minute or two
o+nuum oo mvv
utot namu raroe-:uoo to Iind a word.
cnono. mv qauo owo
1 cnono " 2 cnona
Ho Bt nayunrect But you will learn
oam mv wn: :u
naxonmo ux to Iind them
moqauo o+
193
192
(koroptm)* Bt nontsyerect you use
mv mvs
kaxt ent, every day
+epu o+
ue +oeym cymecrnonamo es cannot do without
ruom ovv wuavm
npannntno rpammarnku. correct grammar.
rop+rm ep+o
Kaxoe npenoxenne, Every sentence
+epu c+umouc
(koropoe)* Bt nponsnocnre, you pronounce
mv npouavuc
oouxuo coepxart should contain
uro roum+u
rontko npannntnme only right
ovu:u pam
rpammarnueckue komnnannu. grammatical combinations.
ep+mur: ro+ouu+uius
Ecnn** Bt (kora-nnyt II** you ever talk**
yere) omartcx** uq mv +eo moor
c opasonaunm+ uenoneko+, to an educated man,
mv u +orromuo +u
Bt oouxum (yere) you have to
mv xe mv
opamamo ocooe nnnmanne pay special attention
no cnoui: om+uuiu
TEKCT X35
HEAL 3TOH KHHIH
'THE PURPOSE OF THIS BOOK
ononoc oe uc ovr
Hent +ro knnru The purpose of this book
onnoc oe uc ovr
sarumuaemca (n rom), is to
utot us mv
nokasamo Bam, show you
uv mv
kak nontsonartmocx how to use grammar,
rpammarnko, xav mv mvs ep+o
n (n rom,) utot and to
uo mv
yenmo Bac, convince you
rouenuuc mv
uro knnru, that the books
m ooyrc
(koropte)* Bt unraere, you read,
mv puuo
paora, the work
owr
(koropym)* Bt ntnonnxere, you do
mv ovv
n xstk, and the language
uo o:uewuowi
195
194
* Bcnomnnre, uro n anrunncxou npenoxennn
nce +rn romop. ne xnnxmrcx oxsarentntmn!;
** Hocne 'IF ue ynorpenxmrcx
norasame:u ovoveeo npemenn o:e+eumi 'will n 'shall:
. if you talk . ncnomnnre, uro anrnnckn rnaron
nocne 'if moxer nepenonrtcx na
pycckn xstk n uacmou+,
n ovovu+ npemenem.
Ho+romy, ntpaxenne 'If you talk .
moxer snaunrt
u Ecnn Bt pasronapnnaeme .
u Ecnn Bt yoeme pasronapnnart .;
*** Hepe anrnncknm nopaoroem+ :uc:ume:iui+
oasameuouo onxen croxrt
oouu ns 21 oasameuoumx onpeoe:ume:e (crp. 272);
**** 'DOA`1 lose! HE repx!,
'S1AR1 to work! HAHHHAH paorart!
+ro em na npnmepa
anrnnckoro noeeuumeuouoeo naknonennx,
ro ecrt qop+i, npn nomomn koropo
npurasiearm, npocm, coeemvrm,
pero+euovrm nnn sanpearm.
Hpnum nocne sanpemumeuouo :acmui 'Don`t ... !
nepe nocneymmnm rnaronom HE cmaeumca :acmua 'to
(rak kak on xnnxercx nepei+ rnaronom),
no ecnn Bt ro+auoveme npn nomomn ruaroua ('Start . !),
ro nepe emopi+ rnaronom
+ra ' . to . onsa1eutno nyxna !!!
OHKOMMEHTAPHH
'. cannot do . 'cannot +ro ompuame:iua qop+a
(+ooa:iuoeo) o:e+euma 'can +o:i.
'. should contain . 'Should rakxe xnnxercx o:e+eumo+.
Hocue |+ooa:iuix| o:e+eumoe nepe nocneymmnm rnaronom
HE ynompeuaemca :acmua 'to.
ua npannntnocrt to the correctness
mv o rop+rmuuc
Bameeo xstka, of your language,
oe o :uewuowi
nockontky ero nepnoe since his Iirst***
cuuc xus qcm
nneuarnenne o Bac impression of you
u+np+uiu oe mv
yoem sanncert will depend
wn: oun+uo
om nepnmx mnnyr on the Iirst*** minutes
ou oqcm +nuumc
Bameeo pasronopa. of your conversation.
oe o roueoc+uiu
Tak uro, ue repxre**** So, don`t lose****
cov ooum :vvs
nnckontko ( uuraroeo) any
+uu
paronennoeo npemenu n precious time and
np+uiec ma+ uo
1- rnaron 2- rnaron
uauuuame**** paoramo start **** to work
cmapm mv wr
(start working
cmaam wruue)
uao Bamu+ anrnncku+ on your English
ou o nue:uui
kak moxno tcrpee! as soon as possible!
s cvvu s nocuo:
197
196
utot na (nero) onepemocx to lean or cry on.
nnn na (nm) nonnakamo. mv :nuu oo rpa ou
onycmume*, Admit*
oo+nm
1 2 3 " 2 3 1
uro ont Bamero pyr`a that your Iriend`s pain
m o qpouos nou
sarparnnaem u Bac, aIIects you, too,
oq+rmc mv mvv
no yeoumeco*, but make sure*
oam +or umo
uro (+ro) ua ero/e +monnxx that it is her/ his emotions
m um us x xus u+ovuius
Bt ]okycnpyere nnnmanne, you Iocus on,
mv qovroc ou
a ne na ceoux cocrnenntx. not your own.
uom o ovu
Fytre* ca+u+u coom Be* yourself
ouu oc+:q
n ue naunnare* and don`t start*
uo ooum cmaam
necrn cex nnaue. behaving diIIerently.
oux+euue onqpoum:u
Tak uro, xorx So, although
cov oo:ov
Bam +oxem mmo rpyno, it may be hard Ior you,
um +o ouu xaao qoo mv
IAABA VI
CEIOHRmHHE HPOBAEML
TEKCT X36
Houoran pyry npeoonert 1pynme npeuena
'Helping a Friend through Tough Times
x+:nuue oqp+uo pvv maq ma+s
Hnora rpyno snamo, Sometimes it`s hard to know
ca+ma+s umc xaao mouov
uro enamo what to do
wom mv oyv
n uro (nyxno) ronopnmo. and what to say.
uo wom moc+
Ho n rpenoxnte momenrt But, in times oI trouble,
oam uu ma+s oe mpao:
cnona +vopocmu words of wisdom
wos oe wnsoo+
(+ro) nocnenee, (uro) are the last thing
aa o:aacm uue
Bam pyr xouem cntmamo. your Iriend wants to hear.
o qpouo woumc moxno
(Bc,) uro uyxuo What your Iriend needs
Bamemy opyey wom o qpouo uuuos
(+ro) opoe cnntnoe is a good, strong shoulder
nneuo, us o evo cmpoue uv:oo
199
198
Paspeuume* cnoemy pyry Give* your Iriend
( ame .) eue o qpouo
no/ronopnmo. permission to talk.
n+nuiu momoor
He cmapameco* ymu or Don`t try * to avoid
ooum mpa mv oeoo
ero/e onn, her/his pain
x xus nou
He+? Karu+ oopaso+?
$
menxa remy pasronopa by changing the subject.
( nyrm nsmeneuua). oa :+uowiuue ocaoowiurm

%
He+? Karu+ oopaso+?
Bmnouuame* ceou Keep* vour promises.
oemannx. ruun o npo+ucus
Ecnn Bt crasauu, (uro) II you said**
uq mv coo
Bt sarnxneme (sacro:eme) you would** pop in
(Bvovee n npoueoue+) mv wvo non nu
nponeart ceoeeo pyra, and see your Iriend,
uo cuu o qpouo
oosame:iuo coe:ame +ro. make sure vou do it.
+or umo mv ovv um
Ecnn Bt npocro ckaxere, Just saying
( Hpocro ckasae,) owcm c+uue
1 cnono " 2 cnona
(uro) Bt nomoxeme, that you will help
m mv wn: xo:n
nocmapameco* trt try* to be
mpa mv onu
me+ we ca+i+ uenonekom, the same person
oc++ ncu
(romopi+) Bt ncera muu. (that) you always have been.
(m) mv oo:wos xe ouuu
Ioeopume* mentue, 1alk* less,
moor :ec
cuyuame* ontuE. listen* morE.
:ucu +oo
Xorx Bam, eos+oxuo, Although you may
oo:ov mv +o
saxouercx amo coner, want to give advice,
woum moene ooeac

1 2 3 " 1 3 2 4
on peko orasmeaemca
4
it is seldom useIul.
nonesntm. um us c+:oo+ mvcqv:
Iopasoo oo:ee It is much more constructive
koncrpykrnnno um us +a: +oo roucmparmue
(yer) nomouo Bamemy to help** your Iriend
pyry mv x+:n o qpouo
paccmorpert nce nosmoxnocrn *explore all the possibilities
urcn:oo oo: o nocuon:umus
n npoeoeopumi nx and **talk them out
uo moor o+ avm
c Bamn. with you.
wn mv
201
200
Huroeoa ue eoeopume * Aever sav * things like:
nnuero npoe u+eo co uues :ar
( . neme rnna: ):
Tee cueooeauo m 'You should
mv uro
(yxe) nepexumo +ro be over it
ouu oveo um
k ceronxmnemy nm!. by now.
oa uav
ame* cnoemy pyry Allow* your Iriend
o:av o qpouo
cmo:iro npemenn, cro:iro as much time as
s +am: ma+ s
e/emy uyxuo, utot she/ he needs to talk,
ntronopnrtcx, uiu xu uuuos momoor
axe ecnn Bt nc +ro even iI you have heard it all
cumuauu yxe uueu uq mv xe xo um oo:
cmo pas. a hundred times already.
oxauopoo ma+s oo:p+ou
Byoome nparmu:ui*. Be practical*.
ouu nprmur:
3auacrym (+mo ) OIten, it is
oqu um us
ca+me +aueuorue nocrynkn the smallest gestures
oc+oo:ucm oiwiees
(koropte) nomoramr that help the most.
oo:iue eceeo. m xo:n o+ovcm
(ro) +ro +oxem might make you
sacrannrt Bac +am +or mv
uyncrnonart cex uyuue, Ieel better
quu: o+mo
no ecuu Bt ue but, unless you
oam au:ec mv
emnouuume +roro, follow it through,
qo:ov um pvv
ro +ro uuueeo ue oacm it will do nothing
( uuueeo ue coeuaem) um wn: ovv uauue
Bamemy pyry Ior your Iriend.
( nx Bamero pyra). qoo o qpouo
Bmsoeume oront na cex! 1ake the Ilak!*
( Haepumeco nonnmannx!). mor oq:r
Honcmnm nnmennx nnn The bereaved or
o oupnueo oo
naxoxmnmcx n moke those in shock
( rem, |kro| n moke) ovs uu ur
mpvouo vc:vwumi. are hard to please.
aa xaao mv n:nus
He owuoame* Do not expect*
ovv uom urcn+rm
naroapnocrn gratitude or acknowledgement.
nnn npnsnarentnocrn. ep+mumrvo oo oruoo:uowi+oum
Byoome mepne:uei*. Be patient*.
ouu n+uieum
203
202
rak nastnaemoro Byoyueeo e npoueoue+,
ro ecrt rakoro cnyuax, kora
(no-anrnnckn) e npouuo+ ronopnnoct (ckasaBn) o rom,
uro em rontko npousoom (sarnxnE1E) e yoyue+.
B +rnx cnyuax yoyuuocmo ecrnnx
nepearcx HE npn nomomn o:e+eumoe 'will/shall,
a 1OBLKO npn nomomn o:e+euma 'WOULD
(a c+mcu ecrnnx nepearcx sua:u+i+ e:aeo:o+
n ero cuoeapuo qop+e ro ecrt ueus+euuui+) !!!:
ymaB, uro (x) C1AHV npauom.
I though1 that I WOULD become a doctor.
a oom m a wvo oura+ ooarmo
Mt noospenaBn, uro +rn nmn HPEAV1 nac.
We suspectED that these people WOULD betrav us.
wn cocn+rmuo m uus nuun: wvo oump+ ac
Cm. crp. 381;
**** Cnonocoueranne 'be there moxno paccmarpnnart
kak e:iuoe eipaweuue co snauennxmn
u+emoca, npucymcmeoeamo,
uauuuecmeoeamo.
COBET.
Bese opamare nnnmanne na noupknyrte ntpaxennx
onn xnnxmrcx opasnamn HE ocnonnoro nepenoa,
a npu+epa+u nepeaun OCHOBHOH MLCAH.
3rn ntpaxennx snaunrentno oorarxr n ykpacxr Bam an-
rnnckn, no+romy Bam cueoyem ( 'you SHOULD) sayunrt
nx nansycrt, n crapartcx onpoonart nx n c pyrnmn anrnncknmn
cnonamn.
B koneunom nrore, Ultimately,
a:mu+om:u
nomomt pyry helping a Iriend
x+:nuue oqp+uo
no npemx kpnsnca through a crisis
pvv orpacuc
+ro mentme (snaunr) oeuamo, is less about doing
us :ec ooavm oyvuue
n ontme (snaunr) mmo and more about being.
(c nnm). uo +oo ooavm onuue
Ca+i oo:iuo noapok, The greatest giIt
oep+mucm euqm
(koropt) mt +oxe+ we can give
cenart wn ru eue
(+ro) npocro is simply
us cn+n:u
npucymcmeoeamo (ram)*** to be there***.
(oimi). mv onu +o
* Bce ormeuennte sesoo:ro ]parmenrt
xnnxmrcx opasnamn noeeuumeuouoeo uar:oueuu;
** Hanomnnam, uro nocne rnarona 'help nepe nocneymmnmn
rnaronamn ('. explore, '. talk) ceronx yxe
ue oosame:iuo crannrt :acmuv 'to;
*** '. saiD (that) you would pop in .
. crasaBu, uro sae:uE1E .
+ro npekpacnt npnmep
205
204
ontmoe nneuarnenne a big impression
oone u+np+uiu
n komnannxx, within the companies
wunu o ra+nouus
ua (koropte) onn xome:u oi they`d like to work for.
paoramo. oo :ar mv wr qoo
Beasmeameco no Get involved in
eom uueov:eo uu
cmouoro ntsonoe, as many challenges
s ++uu ::euowius
(no) crouoro (c-)moxere. as you can.
s mv ru
1 cnono " 2 cnona
3ro nomoxem It will help
um wn: xo:n
noepxnnart Bamy keep you interested
sannrepeconannocrt ruun mv numpucmuo
n npoemoncrpnponart Bamn and show oII your abilities
aponannx uo uv oq o oon:umus
n uauuyuue+ cnere. in the best light.
uu oo+cm :am
Camomornnannx SelI-motivation
co:q +ovmue+uiu
n +nrysnasm and enthusiasm
uo uumvsuos+
+oeym mmo can be
ru ouu
TEKCT X37
Kax npenpa1n1t npeuennym pao1y
n noc1onnnym?
'How to Turn a Temporary 1ob into a Permanent One?
xav mv mu o m++npopu owio numv o n+ououm wau
Ca+m uoem npnm 1he newest job-hunting trick
npn noncke paort oumvucm owio xaumuue mpur
sarumuaemca (e mo+, is
us
utot) ca+o+v aeumoca to take vourself
mom+r oc+:q
ua paory, to the job
mv o owio
(cropee) ue+ oxnart, rather than * expect*
paao u urcn+rm
utot** ona npnmna k ree. it to** come to you.
um mv ra+ mv mv
Bom neckontko Here are some
xno aa ca+
xopomnx coneron pieces oI good advice
nnucus oe evo ooeac
nx ntnycknnkoe, koropte Ior the graduates who
qoo o eporomc xvv
xorxr nponsnecmu want to make
woum mv +or
207
206
1 2 1 2
Hocmapameco nonyunmo 1ry to get
mpa mv e+m
onee mnpokoe npecrannenne a broader view
o opoooo emv
o (+ro) orpacnn. of the industry.
oe o nuoacmpu
Bt oouxum ysnart You should learn
( Bam uyxuo muo m ) mv uro :u
kak moxno ontme as much as possible
s +am: s nocuo:
o about
ooavm
1 2 3 " 2 3 1
nsnece Bame ]npm`m your company`s business
o ra+nouus onsuuc
n uyncrnonart cex and Ieel
uo quu:
kpane ynepenuo, hugely conIident
xmvowi:u rouquooum
pasronapnnaa when talking
w+u mooruue
1 2 3 " 1 3 2
c naprnpamn komnann`u. with the company`s partners.
wn o ra+nouus naamuoc
Bam nont ontr Your new experience
o umv urcnnpuouc
1 2 " 3 1 2
camtmn cnntntmn 3 a graduate`s greatest strength.
croponamn ntnycknnk`a. o eporomc ep+mucm cmpoue
Tak uro, ue nserare So, don`t dodge
cov ooum ooowi
uero-nno something
ca+uue
rontko nomo+v, :mo just because
owcm ouroos
Bt ue snaere, you don`t know
mv ooum uov
kak +ro enaercx how to do it;
( kak cenart +ro); xav mv ovv um
cnennantno cnpamnnare, make a point oI asking
+or onoum oe aacruue
1 2 3 " 1 3 2
kak paoraem nporpamma, how the soItware works,
xav ocoqmwoo wrc
1 2 3 " 1 3 2
re uaxooamca kannronapt, where the stationary is,
w+o ocm+uiupu us

1 2 3 " 1 3 4
kak omnpaeuammca cpounte how urgent packages
xav owieum nruowius

4 2
noctnkn, are sent aa coum
nnn uro-yrono (e). or whatever.
oo wom+eo
209
208
Bueopmeci e ontr Tap into the expertise
( Hoor:r:ameci r) mn numv o +rcnamuus
(yxe) nmemmerocx oI existing staII
nepconana oe uesncmuue cmaaq
onn snamr they know
o uov
nce nmancm all the short cuts,
( nce merom ocrnxennx), oo: o uomramc
mar umo, yunrect y nnx. so learn from them.
cov :u qpo+ o+
Byoome nexnnnt Be polite to the receptionists
c mpo ocnyxnnannx ouu no:am mv o puc+nuiuucmc
onn yoym (eicmvnami) they will vouch Ior you
sa Bac o wn: eavm: qoo mv
axe n Bame orcyrcrnne. even in your absence.
uueu uu o ocouc
Hamertre (nx cex) Target the companies
(re) komnannn, maaeum ora+nouus
ua (koropte) Bt ecrnn- you really want to work for.
rentno xornre paoramo. mv pno:u woum mowr qoo
Bt nonare You only get
mv ovu:u eom
(rya), kya Bt xornre where you want to get
nonacmo, w+o mv woum mv e+m
mouoro cnpamnnaa by asking.
( nym+ cnpamnnauua). oa aacruue
1 cnono " 2 cnona
nocmaeum Bac enepeou will put you ahead
wn: nvm mv ox+o
pyrnx conckarene. of other wannabes.
oe ao wouoous
He nosnonxre Don`t let
ooum :em
(cnonm) cnatm croponam weaknesses
wnuruucus
ymentmamo Bamn cnntnte detract Irom your strengths.
cropont. oumprm qpo+ o cmpouec
Hosaomomeco (o rom, urot) Make sure
+or umo
mmo xopomo you`re well-inIormed
nn]opmnponauntm, mvp w+: uuqoo+o
unraa rasert by reading newspapers,
( nym+ ureuua), oa pnuouue umvcnonoc
cnennannsnponannte trade magazines
xypnant mpoo +eosuus
n ]npmennte yknert. and oIIice bulletins.
uo oquc oy:umuus
Ecnn Bam neoxonmo II you need
uq mv uuuo
kakoe-ro ononnnrentnoe some extra training,
oyueune, ca+ +rcmpo mp+uuue
oprannsyre ero nx cex. book it up Ior yourselI.
ovr um an qoo oc+:q
211
210
nonte ntpeskn (ns raser), new cuttings
umv ramuues
naxnte nx komnannn relevant to the company
p+:ueoum mv ora+nouu
n e nsneca, and its business,
uo umc onsuuc
emucrueame nontx source new clients,
knnenron, cooc umv r:aoumc
ouoeuame ast anntx, update data bases,
anoom o+mo o+cus
eomoeome peknamnte prepare presentation material
marepnant npun+o nposoum+uiu +mnpio:
nnn omeeuame sa or cover the phones
rene]onnte snonkn, oo raeo o qovuc
kora opveue omcymcmeymm. when others are out.
w+u aoc aa avm
1 cnono " 2 cnona
Bc +ro yoem uacrtm This will all be part
uc wn: oo: ouu naam
Baue yyme paomm, of your Iuture job
oe o qmv:o owio
n Bt yoeme cmapamoca and you`ll be trying
uo mv: ouu mpauue
cosamo nnnmsnm, uro to create the illusion that
mv rpu+m o u:mvwiu m
ona yxe Bama. it is already yours.
um us oo:p+ou os
Bt oouxum ocosnanart, uro You should realize that
mv uro pno:as m
axe ouent xopomnm even very good
uueu e+pu evo
n npecrnxntm komnannx+ and prestigious companies
uo npocmnowiec ra+nouus
uyxum xopomne paornnkn, need good workers,
uuuo evo wroc
no rontko but only
oam ovu:u
orpannueunoe a limited Iew
neontmoe konnuecrno o:n+umuo qmv
aeuammca ecrnnrentno are actually competent.
komnerenrntmn. aa rm:vo:u ro+nnumoum
Byoome ouent npeaut eny. Be very commited.
ouu e+pu ro+nmuo
Ocmaeameco onosna, Stay late
cmo :om
ecnn Bt uyxum, iI you`re needed
uq mvp unuouo
n empaxame xenanne and be willing
( yoome xenamunmn) uo ouu wn:uue
enamo nc, uro yrono. to do anything.
mv ovv +uuuue
Hpeouoxume conpamo n Offer to collect and Iile
knaccn]nnnponamo oqo mv ro:erm uo qa:
213
212
TEKCT X38
Kax sac1ann1t Bamy anxe1y pao1a1t na Bac?
'How to Make Your Application Form Work for You?
xav mv +or o n:ur+uiu qoo+ wr qoo mv
nx ncex For all
qoo oo:
paouux +ecm public service appointments
n nekommepuecknx nao:ur ceuc onoum+oumc
oprannsannxx
( n omecrnenntx)
n nx nospacramuero and Ior increasing
uo qoo uurpnusuue
uncna ro+nauu number of companies,
ua+oo oe ra+nouus
ycnemnoe sanonneuue the successIul completing
o corc+cqv: ro+n:numuue
anker oI application Iorms
oq n:ur+uiu qoo+s
aeuaemca n annt momenr is now
us uav
enncrnenno nosmoxnocrtm the only way
( enncrnenntm nyrm) oovu:u w+
opamocx to make it
mv +or um
oo crann nnrepntm. to the interview stage.
mv o numoerv cmoowi
* Hocne c:oeoco:emauu
'rather (than) paao u ckopee ., uem .
nepe nocneymmnm rnaronom
ue uyxua :acmua 'to.
Cnono 'rather nxonr n n cocran o:e+euma ' `d rather:
cropee sannauV

, ue+ voV! nnnre,

n oeux uacrxx pyccxoro npenoxennx
rnaron cronr n yoyue+ npemenn,
no-anrnnckn xe
nocne o:e+eumoe '`d rather than cropee ., :e+ .
n '`d better than :v:ue ., :e+ .
rnaron us+eumi noome ne nyxno!,
a rakxe ue uyxuo ynorpenxrt n uurarux 'will/shall:
uyuue sannauV

, ue+ yV!.
'I`d rather PAY than GO!;
%
& Anrn. rnaront "
%

ue nsmenent !
** 3ect orurnnno nnna
nosmoxnocrt snauennx utot
y cnoneuka/:acmui 'to n roucmpvruu rnna
Inaron ozermuoe mecronmenne to .
(nuec1o namero cvoermuoeo !!!)
(oparnre ocooe nnnmanne na pasuuuy n nopxke cnon
n na nepeeoo
pycckoro cvoermuoeo mecronmennx
n" anrnnckoe ozermuoe !!!):
1 2 " 2 1
xouy, utot ou npnmn want him to come.
1 2
Ona xr, utot ouu nsnnnnnnct
" 2 1
She expects them to apologize.
215
214
a) urko ntcrpannare a) Marshal your Iacts!
ceou ]akrt +aaui: o qrmc
( ]akrt o cee)!
Ceeoume noenno Get together
eom moe+o
ecm naxnym nn]opmannm all the relevant inIormation
oo: o p+:ueoum uuqo++uiu
o ceoe knann]nkannn, about your qualiIications,
ooavm o rwo:uqur+uius
ontre paort, work experience,
wr urcnnpieuc
ocotx ocrnxennxx, special achievements
cnoui: o:mie+oumc
n o rom, kak Bt and your
uo o
npenounraere npononrt leisure pursuits.
cnoonoe npemx. :ewe ncrmc
Bt rakxe +oeuu m You could also
mv rvo oo:cov
ormernrt ro, make notes oI
+or uovmc oe
uro Bt cunraere what you consider to be
wom mv roucnoo moonu
cnonmn ocoenntmn your particular
o nomnrr:o
ymennxmn skills and strengths.
n cnntntmn croponamn. cru:s uo cmpouec
Hex sarumuaemca (n rom), The idea is
o aono us
uro that
m
saanaa kaxomy kannary by asking each candidate
( nym+ saanauua) oa aacruue uum: ruouoom
onn n re xe nonpoct, identical questions,
ao+umur: rwoius
nerue it is easier
um us nusuo
npononmo cpannennx. to make comparisons.
mo++r ro+n+pusuc
A nono renennne And the new trend
uo oumv mpouo
komnann for companies
qoo ra+nouus
aeuaemca onaanne is to have
(nmert) us moxe
ceou+u coocmeeuui+u their own
(ux cocrnennte) +o ovu
ankeramn (ankert). Iorms.
qoo+s
Bom neckontko sonortx Here are some golden rules
npannn, xno aa ca+ eov:ou pvv:s
(koroptm) uyxuo cneonamo to Iollow when
( utot) npn mv qo:ov w+u
sanonneuuu ankert Iilling out an application Iorm:
(sanonnxa ankery): qn:uue avm u n:ur+uiu qoo+
217
216
Baxuo, urot It is essential that
um us uc+uuiuo: m
Bt onpeennnn you identiIy the key skills
knmuente ymennx, mv ao+umuqa o ruu cru:s
(koropte) uuem +ra sought by that organization
oprannsannx ( ucro+me coom oa m ooeouas+uiu
+ro oprannsanne),
n npoemoncrpnponann, uro and demonstrate that
no o++oucmpom m
y Bac ecmo you have
mv xe
u+euuo me kauecrna, just the qualities
owcm orwo:umus
(koropte) ona xouem. it wants.
um woumc
3rn kauecrna These qualities
uus rwo:umus
oouxum mmo npecranneut must be presented
+acm ouu npus+umuo
konkperno. in a concrete way.
uu o rourpnum w+
Bmuo m neocrarouno It would be not enough
um wvo ouu uom uuaq
npocro ckasamo, uro just to say that
owcm mv co m
y Bac (u+eemc) xopomax you have good
mv xe evo
3aeeoume nanky, Start a Iolder,
cmaam o qov:oo
umom +ra nn]opmannx so that this inIormation
( rak, uro .) cov m uc uuqo++uiu
ncera mua noo pvro; is always easily available;
us oo:wos nusu:u oe+:oo:
) Hosauu+ameco b) Do some detective work!
nemnoxko paccneonannxmn! ovv ca+ oum+rmue wr
Haoume Find out
qauo avm
nc, (uro) Bt +oxeme, everything you can
+epuuue mv ru
o oprannsannn, about the organization
ooavm o ooeouas+uiu
(na koropym) Bt you are targeting.
nanennnaemect. mv aa maaeomuue
Hsyuume Study
cmaou
1 1 " 2 11
npemer exrentnocrn
2
the company`s proIile
komnann`u, o ra+nouus npovqa:
a norom cocmaeome cnncok and then make a list
uo ou +or o:ncm
moeo, (uro) +ra komnannx of what this company
oe wom uc ra+nouu
]akrnueckn uuem. is actually looking for.
us rm:vo:u :yruue qoo
219
218
n nouosymeco em and use that as a Iirst draIt.
kak nonnnnnkom. uo mvs m s oqcm opaaqm
He noxanere npemenn, Take the time
mor oma+
utot onpeennrt, to work out
mv wr avm
uro noom kya, what will Iit where
wom wn: qum w+o
n kak and how
uo xav
Bt conpaemect you are going to
mv aa eovuue mv
pasmecrnmo nn]opmannm. space the inIormation.
cnoc o uuqo++uiu
Cronupyme Copy the Iinished Iorm
sanonneunym ankery, ronu o qnuuuim qoo+
utot cnepxrtcx c ne, to use it as a reIerence
mv mvs um s o p+qopouc
ecnn Bt ec xe yoeme iI you do get called
ntsnaut uq mv ovv eom roo:o
oua (ua) nnrepntm. for an interview.
qoo u numoerv
3ro, k romy xe, This will also help you
nomoxem Bam uc wn: oo:cov xo:n mv
sanonnxrt noonte ankert Iill out similar Iorms
qu: avm cn+u:o qoo+s
n yymem; in the Iuture;
uu oqmv:o
kommynnkaentnocrt. communication skills.
ro+ruur+uiu cru:s
Bam uyxuo ckasart You should say
mv uro co
uro-nnyt npoe: something like:
ca+uue :ar
Kak pykononrent 'As leader oI
s :nuoo oe
1 2 " 3 4 1 2
nayunoro omecrna our school`s scientiIic society,
3 4 avo crvv:s caoumnqur cocaomu
name mkon`m
x ouent mnoro ysnau I learned a lot
a :uo o:om
u o nynnuntx about both public speaking
ntcrynnennxx, ooavm oov nao:ur cnnuruue
u o omene mnennxmn; and the exchange oI opinions;
uo o urc:+uoiwi oe onnuieus
n) Huauupyme npannntno! c) Plan properly!
n:u npono:u
Hpoumume ankery Read the application Iorm
puuo o n:ur+uiu qoo+
rmarentno, n sarem thoroughly and then
apo:u uo ou
npoumume e cnona. read it again.
puuo um oe+()u
Cuu+ume c ne ronum Make a copy oI it
+or oronu oe um
221
220
Cocpeoomouomeco na Concentrate on
roucoumpom ou
onncaunn (moeo), desribing what you can
uro Bt +oxeme oucrpaouue wom mv ru
npnnnecrn e oprannsannm, bring to an organization,
opuue mv u ooeouas+uiu
a ne (ua mo+) rather than
( ue+ ua rom, .), paao u
uro Bt naeerect what you hope
wom mv xovn
nonyunmo om ne. to get out of it.
moe+m avm oe um
He sayoome Don`t forget
ooum qoe+m
nknmunrt umme to include any extra skills
ononnnrentnte ymennx, mv uur:mvo +uu +rcmpo cru:s
(romopie) y Bac +oeym you may have,
trt mv +o xe
rakne kak noxeuue like driving
anromonnx :ar opaeuue
nnn ymeuue ronopnrt or speaking
( ronopeuue) oo cnnuruue
na nnocrpannom xstke, a Ioreign language,
oqopuu :uewuowi
ecnn Bt uyncrnyere, (uro) iI you Ieel (that)
uq mv quu: m
r) Hpooaeame cex! d) 'Sell yourselI !
co: oc+:q
Byoome nosnrnnnt Be positive
ouu nosumue
n ue ecnokorect o rom, and don`t worry about
uo ooum wopu ooavm
uro Bama peut xnacruuea sounding boastful.
( snyuaunx xnacrnnno). cavuouue oovcmqv:
Ceuac ne npemx This isn`t the time
uc nsum oma+
nx noxno ckpomnocrn. Ior Ialse modesty.
qoo qoo:c +ovoocmu
Hooy+ame o (rom,) kak 1hink about how
uur ooavm xav
Bt +oeuu m ncnontsonart you could use
mv rvo mvs
ceom knann]nkannm n your qualiIications and
o rwo:uqur+uius uo
ceo ontr paort your work experience
o wr urcnnpieuc
rak, urot in a way that
uu ow+ m
onn nokasannct makes them sound
+orc o+ cavuo
ocoenno naxntmn particularly relevant
nomnrr:o:u p+:ueoum
nx paort, (romopvr) to the job you want.
Bt xornre. mv oowio mv woum
223
222
Houosymeco upntmn Use black ink.
uepnnnamn. mvs o:r uur
Huuume akkyparno, n Write neatly and,
pam unum:u uo
ecnn Bt snaere, iI you know
uq mv uov
(uro) Bam nouepk (that) your writing
m o pamuue
rpyen nx urennx is hard to read,
( rpyno unrart), us xaao mv puuo
ucnouosyme neuarnte use capital letters.
yknt. mvs rnum: :emoc
Hcnouosyme cnonapt, Use a dictionary
mvs oonruiuopu
utot nponepxrt to double-check spelling;
npanonncanne; mv oao::+r cn+:uue
e) Byoome kparkn! I) Be concise!
ouu roucas
He (ouent-ro) It is not
um us uom
xopouo a good idea
oeyo aono
nknmuamo maccy to include masses
mv uur:mvo +aacus
ononnnrentno of extra information
uuqop+auuu oe +rcmpo uuqo++uiu
na npnnarae+tx kycoukax on attached pieces of paper.
y+aeu. ou om:m nnucus oe n+no
onn naxnt. they are relevant.
o aa p+:ueoum
Paoroarenn cmpe+mc Employers are keen
u+n:oos aa ruuu
pamo na paory to recruit
mv purpyvm
kannaron, nmemmnx well-rounded candidates,
pasnnunte nantkn, wo:pavuouo ruouoomc
rak uro, nknmuare umme so include any hobbies,
xon cov uur:mvo +uu xoous
nnn umme narpat, or any prizes
oo +uu npasus
(romopie) Bt, eos+oxuo, you may have won.
saeoeea:u mv +o xe wau
( ... y Bac sanonant).
Pacnucieame cnom 'Talk up your qualiIications
knann]nkannm moor an o rwo:uqur+uius
n ontr, and experience
uo urcnnpieuc
utot sacrannrt nx snyuart to make them sound
mv ++r o+ cavuo
kak moxno onee as impressive as you can
nneuarnxmme, s u+np+cue s mv ru
(no,) koneuno, oes without, oI course,
wuavm oeroos
omana; being dishonest;
ouuue oucouucm
) Hooy+ame e) 1hink about presentation!
o npesenraentnocrn! uur ooavm nposoum+uiu
225
224
cnnmkom nopoum, n are too detailed and
aa mvv oum+:o uo
+ro +oxem nponsnecrn it can make
um ru +or
ouent nnoxoe nneuarnenne; a very bad impression;
o e+pu oo u+np+uiu
x) Omeeuame ua nce g) Answer all the questions!
nonpoct! aauco oo: orw+ius
Xnsnenno naxno It is very vital
um us e+pu eam:
sanonnxmo kaxym rpa]y. to Iill in every box.
mv qu:-nu +epu oorc
Craparect ue cctnartcx na Try not to make reIerences to
mpa uom mo++r p+qpoucus mv
pyrne ncrounnkn other sources of information
uuqop+auu ao coocus oe uuqo++uiu
+ro ne nomoxer, it is not helpful,
um us uom x+:nqv:
mar rar ankert because Iorms
ouroos qoo+s
rpeymr cnenn]nueckym require speciIic
purwao cnocnqur
n ncuepntnammym and explicit inIormation.
nn]opmannm. uo urcn:ncum uuqo++uiu
1 1
Enncrnennoe, (kak) The only way
o ovu:u w+
3ro uyxuo oeuamo rontko This should only be done
(moeoa), uc uro ovu:u ouu oau
kora o +rom when it is
w+u um us
cnennantno sanpamnnamr speciIically requested
( sanpomeuo), cnocnqur:u purw+cmuo
n axe rora and, even then,
uo uueu ou
ona oouxua ocmaeamic it should be kept
um uro ouu ronm
uacmouoro kparko as brieI and as relevant
n no cymecrny, s opuuq uo s p+:ueoum
uacrouoro +ro nosmoxno. as possible.
s nocuo:
He noooaeameci conasny Do not be tempted
(He ytre conasnent) ovv uom ouu m++muo
anamo ycrapenmym to add any old inIormation
nn]opmannm mv o +uu ov:o uuqo++uiu
rontko o: moeo, utot just to fill up the spaces
sano:uumi npoent owcm mv qu: an ocn+cus
mexy nonpocamn. between the questions.
oumenuu o rwoius
Hnora ornert, Sometimes the answers
ca+ma+s oaaucoc
(romopie) amr nmn, (that) people give
m nuun: eue
'
'
227
226
n ankery on an application Iorm
ou u n:ur+uiu qoo+
+oxem nnora mmo can sometimes be
ru ca+ma+s ouu
yrononno nakasyemtm a sackable oIIence;
npecrynnennem; o croo: oq+uc
n) Cueoume sa cnoe i) Check your vocabulary!
nekcnko! :or o eor+or:opu
Hseeame ncnontsonaunx Avoid using
oeoo mvsuue
nsnnmne unnecessarily
auu+cocopu:u
cnoxnoro xstka. complicated language.
ro+n:uromuo :uewuowi
3ro ue nponsnem This will not impress.
(nyxnoro) nneuarnennx. uc wn: uom u+np+c
Cueoume sa saymntmn Watch out for wimpy words
cnonamn wom: avm qoo wn+nu wos
rnna 'mostlv, 'quite like 'mostlv, 'quite
:ar +ovcm:u rwam
nnn 'fairlv: or 'fairlv
oo q+o:u
onn ue (cos-)oamm they do not give the impression
nneuarnennx o ovv uom eue o u+np+uiu
+uepeuu n +nrysnasma. of energy or enthusiasm.
oe +uooiwu oo uumvsuos+
norennnantnt kannar a prospective candidate
o npocn+rmue ruouoom
+oxem orasamo can do
ru ovv
camomy cee ycuyey himselI/ herselI justice
xu+c+:q/xc+:q owncmuc
+ro ornernrt na nc, is to answer everything
us mv aauco +epuuue
o um ero/e cnpamnnamm; he/she is asked;
xu uiu us aacro
s) Huroeoa ue nrnre! h) Aever lie!
u+eo :a
Kpome roro, uro Apart Irom the Iact that
onaam qpo+ oqrm m
Bt +oxeme oimi no+aui you might be caught out
(na +rom), mv +am ouu room avm
n Bac nonpocm pacckasart and asked to tell interviewers
komnccnn uo aacro mv mo: numoervos
o Bamem ntmtmnennom about your Iictional
ooavm o qnruiu:
nome na 3nepecr, ascent oI Everest,
c+um oe +eopucm
nnnctnauue writing
pamuue
saneomo noxntx anntx deliberate Ialsehoods
ou:nopum qoo:cxvos
229
228
H+eemca ue cnnmkom mnoro 1here are not too many
+o aa uom mvv ++uu
kyntrypntx pasnnun, cultural diIIerences
ra:m:opo: onqpoucus
n nerue and it is easier
uo um us nusuo
nonnmamo pyr pyra, to understand each other,
mv auoocmuo uum: ao
ro ecrt nonxrt n i.g. understand and
m us auoocmuo uo
mmo nonxrm+. be understood.
ouu auoocmyo
Ho ycranonneuue But establishing
oam ucmo:uuiuue
enontx ornomenn business relations
onsuuc pu:+uius
ue yoem nrknm. is not going to be easy.
us uom eovuue moonu nusu
Bt oouxum nonnocrtm You should Iully
mv uro qy:u
nororonnrtcx prepare yourselI
npun+o oc+:q
n nocmapamoca nonyunmo and try to get
uo mpa mv e+m
cmouoro nonesno as much useIul inIormation
nn]opmannn s +am: mvcqv: uuqo++uiu
IAABA VII
PA3IOBOPL O BH3HECE
TEKCT X39
MEYHAPOHAR TOPIOBAR
'INTERNATIONAL TRADE
uumouuiu: mpoo
Bt coupaemeco Are you intending
aa mv uum+uouue
+kcnoprnponamo to export or to import?
nnn nmnoprnponamo? mv +rcnoom oo mv n+noom
(Hpouecc) Honck(a) nontx Seeking out new markets
ptnkon cnuruue avm umv +aarumc
n ynennueuue and increasing your earnings
Bamnx sapaorkon uo uurpnusuue o uuues
ncera npeocmaeuaem coo is always
us oo:wos
npnnnekarentnym nepcnekrnny. an attractive prospect.
u omprmue npocnorm
Bcera nerue It is always easier
um us oo:wos nusuo
naunnamo co crpant, to start with a country
mocmaam wn oraumpu
koropax nanomnnaem Bamy. which resembles your country.
wnm: pus++o:s o raumpu
231
230
n nocuyuame, uro and listen to what
uo :ucu mv wom
onn +oeym ckasart. they can say.
o ru co
Horom nacrynaem npemx Then comes the time
ou ra+s oma+
naunnamo pacurt to begin calculations
moouenu r:rr:+uius
n npoymtnart and think over
uo uur oveo
1 2 3 " 2 3 1
crparernm Bamero nsnec`a. your business` strategy.
o onsuuc cmpmoowiu
He sayoome npeycmorpemo Don`t forget to Ioresee
ooum qoe+m mv qoocnu
snaunrentnte onyckn, generous margins,
oiwieuopos +aaoiwiuus
utot ymentmnmo cnom so as to reduce your
cov s mv puomvc o
sanncnmocrt succeptibility
corconmuon:umu
om nenpnxrntx cmpnpnson. to nasty surprises.
mv uaacmu conpasus
Hpnmnre pemennx Decide
oucao
no crparernn on your business strategy.
cnoero nsneca. ou o onsuuc cmpmoowiu
or pasnnuntx ontrntx Irom diIIerent experienced
qpo+ onqpoum urcnnpeucm
n snamunx konrakron and knowing contacts
uo uovuue roumrmc
n ncrounnkon, and sources
uo coocus
crouoro +owuo. as possible.
s nocuo:
Hauuume c (roro, uro) Start by looking
ornxnnrect cmaam oa :yruue
nokpyr cex. around you.
opavuo mv
Ecuu Bt uaome* If you find* necessary people
nyxntx nme, uq mv qauo u+cocopu nuun:
ue mennre don`t hesitate
ooum x+sumom
ncrynamo c nnmn n konrakr, to get in touch with them
moe+m uumam: wn o+
n nonnocrtm nocnontsyrect and make Iull use oI
uo +or qv: mvc oe
nx snannxmn their knowledge
+o uoo:uowi
n ontrom. and experience.
uo urcnnpeuc
Ceaxumeco c komnannxmn Contact companies in the area
n (nyxno Bam) mecrnocrn roumrm ra+nouus uu o+puo
233
232
oouxum trt pemeut should be decided
uro ouu oucaouo
sapanee. in advance.
uu ooeaauc
A norom npnm* npemx And then comes the time
(npnxonr) uo ou ra+s oma+
(n) nx yxranrepon. Ior accountants.
qoo oravumoumc
Mexynaponax An international
u uumouuiu:
yxranrepckax ]npma Iirm oI accountants
q+ oe oravumoumc
ya 1ouno yer nmert will** have
wn: xe
snaunrentno o ntmne Iar greater resources
nosmoxnocrn qaa ep+mo pucoocus
n ontr mexynaponoro and experience of Ioreign business
usueca, uo urcnnpeuc oe qopuu onsuuc
uem Bam mecrnt yxranrep. than your local accountant.
u o :ovr: oravumoum
To xe camoe The same
oc++
uoae1 xaca1tcn n mpncron can be applied to lawyers
( moxer trt npu:oweuo). ru ouu on:ao mv :ooec
Bam mecrnt mpncr Your local lawyer
o :ovr: :ooe
Huauupyme rmarentno, Plan careIully,
n:u r+oqv:u
no noseouame cnryannn but allow things
oam o:av uues
pasnnna1tcn uyume, go better
eov o+mo
uem Bt oxnaun. than you expected.
u mv urcn+rmuo
Ecmo nn y Bac nosmoxnocrn, Have you the resources
xe mv opucoocus
utot cnpannrtcx to meet increasing
c pacryunmn mv +num uurpnusuue
1 2
"
2 1
saxnkamn na konnuecrno? volume demands?
eo:rv+ ou+aauos
C+oxeme nn Bt Will you be able
wn: mv ouu oo:
ckasamo Xnarnr!, to say 'Enough!
moc+ uuaq
kora ocroxrentcrna when things
w+u uues
ue yoym coornercrnonamo* do not come up*
( ne coornercrnymr) ovv uom ra+ an
Bamnm oxnannxm? to your expectations?
mv o orcnorm+uius
3rn nonpoct These matters
uus +moc
235
234
TEKCT X40
O BA3AX AHHLX
'ABOUT DATA BASES
ooavm o+mo o+cus
Hcnontsonauue asB annBX Using a data base
mvsuue oo+mo ooc
moxer trt nennkonennBM can be an excellent
ru ouu u +rco:eum
kparuamnm noxoOM short cut
uomram
r xopomEMV nsnecV. to good business.
mv evo onsuuc
Iasernax asa anntx, A newspaper data base,
o umvcnono o+mo ooc
nanpnmep, Ior example,
qoo uesaa+n:
moxer oecneuumo Bac can provide you
ru npoeao mv
Hucmpy+eum
$
ece+, uro tno onynnkonauo with everything published
( onynnkonauntm) wn +epuuue nao:uuio
o konkperno about a given
ooavm o eueu
orpacnH nsnecA, branch of business,
opaaum: oe onsuuc
+oxem oimi might be
+am ouu
ne nnonne komnerenren not Iully versed
uom qy:u eco
n nonpocax nonoro in the matters oI double taxation
nanoroonoxennx uu o+moc oe oao: mrc+uiu
n mexynapontx and international
uo uumouuiu:
enontx konrpakron. business contracts.
onsuuc roumprmc
* Hocne cnona 'if npakrnueckn ncera
(a nocne cnon 'when n 'then no mnornx cnyuaxx)
ue ynompeuammca
nokasarenn ovoveeo npemenn o:e+eumi 'will/ shall;
** Xouy ckasart, uro o:e+eum 'will
(ocoenno, nponsnecnnt c yapennem!)
npnar ntpaxennm o ntmym crenent ynepennocrn:
On npnr oasameuouo! He will come! xu wuu ra+
237
236
a +ro snaunr, uro which means that
wnm: +uuuc m
c camOIO nauanA from the very beginning
qpo+ oe+pu ouenuuue
Bt +oxeme anart you are able to give
mv aa oo: mv eue
neckontko pasnnunBX several diIIerent criteria
kpnrepnEB c+epo: onqpoum rpum+puo
nx nn]opmannH, Ior the inIormation
qoo o uuqo++uiu
(koropax) Ba+ nyxna. you require.
mv purwao
Kak, nanpnmep, Such as, Ior example,
cam: s qoo uesaa+n:
kora Bt uueme when you are looking for
w+u mv aa :yruue qoo
nocranmnkOB kakHX-ro suppliers oI some
con:aos oe ca+
pekHX marepnanOB rare raw materials
( pekOIO ctptB) p+o poo +mnpuo:s
n konkpernOH mecrnocrH in a certain area
uu o cmu +puo
nnn n orentnOH or in a particular
oo uu o nomnrr:o
orpacnH nsnecA. branch of business.
opaaum: oe onsuuc
Hpakrnueckn ronopx, In practical terms
uu nprmur: m+s
konkypenrE nnn npoyknnH. a competitor or a product.
o ro+n+mumo oo o npooorm
enonax asa anntx A business data base
o onsuuc o+mo ooc
moxer trt ncnontsonana can be used
(nx roro), ru ouu mvso
utot orcnenrt to trace
mv mpoc
norennnantnBX knnenrOB, prospective customers,
npocn+rmue racmo+oc
nanpnmep, nmnoprpOB Ior example, importers
qoo uesaa+n: u+noomoc
nmenno BamEIO nnA oI just your type
oe owcm o man
npoyknnH. of product.
oe npooorm
Hnn, nepoxrno, ona moxer Or perhaps it can
oo noxnc um ru
nomout Ba+ help* you
xo:n mv
narn nocranmnkA *Iind a supplier
qauo o con:ao
kakOIO-nnyt nnnrA of some odd sized screw.
neotunOIO pasmepA. oe ca+ oo caso crpyv
Bt uacro moxere ntpart You can oIten select
mv ru oqu cu:erm
neckontko napnanrOB, several variables,
c+epo: e+puoo:s
239
238
TEKCT X41
HEKOTOPLE YCAOBHR OCTABKH
'SOME CONDITIONS OF DELIVERY
ca+ rouonuius oe ou:nepu
Kora Bt +kcnoprnpyere When exporting
w+u +rcnoomuue
nnn nmnoprnpyere ronapt, or importing goods,
oo n+noomuue evos
Ba+ uyxuo snart, you need to know
mv uuuo mv uov
kak onn how they
xav o
npeono:aearmc oimi are going to be
aa eovuue mv ouu
ocranneut. delivered.
ou:neoo
Ycnonnx nocrankn The delivery terms
o ou:nepu m+s
no konrpakrV of the contract
oe o roumprm
1 cnono " 2 cnona
onpeenam, will determine
wn: oum+uu
kako naprnp which partner
wnm: naamuo
+ro +oxem osnauart, that can mean
m ru +uuu
uro Bm nonnctnaere oronop that you sign an agreement
m mv cau u oepnu+oum
c komnanne, (nmemme) with a data base company,
asy anntx, wn o o+mo ooc ra+nouu
n nocne +roro and aIter that,
uo aaqmo m
Bac noocoeouuam ( Bt you`ll be coupled
yoeme nocoenneut) mv: ouu ran:o
uepes moem via modem
eao +ovoo+
r +ro komnannH. to this company.
mv uc ra+nouu
3ro nosnonnr Ba+ This will allow you
uc wn: o:av mv
ntstnart na +kpane to call-up on the screen
mv roo: an ou ocrpnuu
BamEIO cocrnennOIO of your own computer
komntmrepA oe o ovu ro+nmvmo
1 2 " 2 1
nyxnVR Ba+ nn]opmannR the inIormation you require
o uuqo++uiu mv purwao
kora t ona Ba+ whenever you need it.
nn nonaonnact wou+eo mv uuuo um
( kaxt pas, kora ona nam nyxna).
* Bcnomnnre, uro n pasronopnom xstke nocue rnarona 'help
nepe nocneymmnm rnaronom
+oxuo ue ynompeuamo :acmuv 'to.
241
240
koropte ycranannnnamr, which state
wnm: cmom
uro onn naprnp that one partner
m wau naamuo
1 cnono " 2 cnona
onnarum pacxot, will pay the costs,
wn: no orocmc
a pyro and the other
uo o ao
1 cnono " 2 cnona
npnmem na cex pnckn. will take the risks.
wn: mor opncrc
Hspauum mero The chosen method
o :ovsu ++oo
rpancnoprnponkH of transportation
oe mpucnoom+uiu
+oxem sanncert can depend
ru oun+uo
om cronmocrH, on the cost,
ou orocm
(or) konkpernOIO npemenH, the time taken,
oma+ moru
(or) nnA ronapOB n r. . type of goods etc.
man oe evos umc+mpo
uertptmx rnanntmn The Iour major
o qoo ++owie
ornercrnenen sa is responsible Ior
us pucnoucuo: qoo
rpancnoprnponkV the transportation
o mpucnoom+uiu
+1HX ronapOB. of these goods.
oe uus evos
Ornercrnennocrt uacro moxer Responsibility can oIten
pucnoucuon:umu ru oqu
mmo noeneua be divided
ouu oueaouo
rak(-nm opasom), uro so that
cov m
npoanen onnaunnaer the seller pays
oc+:o nos
pacxot n pnckn the costs and risks
orocmc uo pucrc
oo onpeennnOIO nynkrA, up to a given point,
an mv o eueu noum
a nokynarent npnnnmaer and the buyer takes over
(pacxot n pnckn) uo ooao morc oveo
om roro mecra. from there.
qpo+ +o
H+emmca rakxe 1here are also
+o aa oo:cov
oronopkn nocrankn, delivery clauses
ou:nepu r:oosus
243
242
+kcneprAMH no nepenoskE experts in transporting goods
ronapon +rcnmc uu mpucnoomuue evos
e pasnte crpant n ns nnx, to and Irom diIIerent countries,
mv uo qpo+ onqpoum raumpus
n no ncemy, uro and in everything that
uo uu +epuuue m
kacaercx ramoxennOIO entails customs regulations,
perynnponannB, uum+:s racmo+s poer:+uius
orpannuennH no nmnopry import / export restrictions,
n +kcnopry, n+noom +rcnoom pucmpnruius
ycnonn nocrankn, delivery terms,
ou:nepu m+s
o]opmnennx ]akryp n r.. business invoicing etc.
onsuuc uueocuue umc+mpo
axe ecnn Bt Even iI you
nueu uq mv
n ocnonnom nonnmaere, basically understand
o+cur:u auoocmuo
kak (+ra) cncrema paoraer, how the system works
xav ocncmo+ wrc
Bt +oxeme nanxrt you can employ
mv ru u+n:o
+kcnennnonnOIO arenrA, a Iorwarding agent
o qoowoouue +oiweum
utot (on) nosaornncx oo to take care of all
ncEH mv mor reo oe oo:
nnamn nepenosok shipping methods are
aeuammca uinnuue ++oos aa
mopcko, nasemnt, sea, road,
cuu povo
xenesnoopoxnt rail and air.
n nosymnt. po: uo +o
Ecnn Bm ue yeepeum, II you are not sure
uq mv aa uom umo
kako nn nepenoskH which method of transportation
wnm: ++oo oe mpucnoom+uiu
nanonee noxonr is most suitable
us +ovcm cmvmo:
nx BamHX ronapOB, Ior your goods,
qoo o evos
nnn kak or how
oo xav
okymenrannx the documentation
o oorr+oum+uiu
oouxua mmo oqop+ueua, should be organized,
uro ouu ooeouaso
1 2 " 2 1
ro nx Bac muo m it would be wise Ior you
pasymntm um wvo ouu was qoo mv
cnxsartcx c +kcnenropOM. to contact a Iorwarding agent.
mv roumrm o qoowoouue +oiweum
3kcnenropt aeuammca Forwarding agents are
qoowoouue +oiweumc aa
245
244
pasntmn +kcnennnonntmn diIIerent Iorwarding agencies
arenrcrnamn, onqpoum qoowoouue +oiweucus
umom Bt mornn so that you can
cov m mv ru
cpannnrt pacnenkn, compare prices,
ro+n+o npacus
rpa]nkn nnxennx timetables and conditions.
n ycnonnx. ma+moo:s uo rouonuius
When regular deliveries
Kora paccmarpnnamrcx
w+u p+er:o ou:nepus
perynxpnte nocrankn,
are being considered
aa onuue roucnooo
ro moxer trt it may be best to look Ior
nyume nonckart um +o ouu oocm mv:yr qoo
cauVK emnVK the cheapest alternative,
antrepnarnnV, o:minucm oo:muomue
no Ba+ cueoyem nomnnrt, but you should remember
oam mv uro pu+++oo
uro nnskax cronmocrt that a low transportation cost
nepenoskn m o :ov mpucnoom+uiu rocm
ne oxsarentno aeuaemca is not necessarily
us uom u+cocopu:u
(uau-)uyuuu+ pemennem. the best decision.
oo+cm oucnwiu
nnn o uacrH paorB, or of part of the work
oo oe naam oe owr
koropax oouxua that has to
m xs mv
mmo ntnonneua. be IulIilled.
ouu qv:qn:o
Mnorne +kcnennnonnte Many Iorwarding agents
arenrt ++uu qoowoouue +oiweumc
aeuammca n nepenosunkAMH, are also shippers,
aa oo:cov uinnoc
ro ecrt, onn moxe nepenosxr i.e. they transport
m us o mpucnoom
ronapt, goods as well,
evos s w+:
no onn rakxe +oeym but they also can
oam o oo:cov ru
nanxrt pyrHX contract other shippers
nepenosunkOB, roumprm ao uinnoc
utot re ntnonnnnn to carry out
( utot ntnonnnrt) mv rpu avm
camV nepenoskV. the transportation itselI.
o mpucnoom+uiu umc+:q
O:eui pero+euovemc It is mostlv advisable
um us +ovcm:u ooeasoo:
cnxsartcx c neckontkHMH to contact several
mv roumrm c+epo:

247
246
He+?
$
pamarnunm+u akra+u by dramatic terrorist acts,
reppopnsma, oa opo+mur m+popucm rmc
He+?
$
a otunm+u but by conventional illnesses
saonenannx+u oam oa roue+uuiu: n:uucus
n rpannnonno and traditional criminality.
npecrynnocrtm. uo mpoonuiu: rpu+uu:umu
3aonert, Falling ill,
qoo:uue n:
nnn nonacrt n necuacrnt or suIIering an accident,
cnyua, oo caqpuue u rcuooum
nnn cmami wepmeo or being subfected to
( nooeepeuvmic) oo onuue caoowiermuo mv
npecrynno akrnnnocrn criminal activity
rpn+uu: rmneumu
no npemx npetnannx during a sojourn abroad
sa rpannne omopuue o coowiou oopooo
+oeuo m nmert could have
rvo xe
ceptsnte nocnecrnnx. serious consequencies.
cnpec roucurwnucus
Hacnopra, nonrentckne Passports, driving licences,
npana, naacnoomc opaeuue :acoucus
kpenrnte kaproukn credit cards and other
n pyrne rp+oum raaos uo ao
TEKCT X42
euonme noesxn 1peym1 noro1onxn
~Business trips require preparation
onsuuc mpunc purwao nponop+uiu
Hyremecrnnx Travels
mpe:s
ncera accouuupoeauuco have always been associated
xe oo:wos ouuu ocovuiuomuo
c neonpeennnocrtm with uncertainty and danger.
n onacnocrtm. wn aucmoumu uo o+uowie
Xorx mt ue oouxum Although we shouldn`t
(oi:u oi) oo:ov wn uroum
npeynennunnart onacnocrn, exaggerate the dangers,
uesowiepom oo+uowiec
mt onpeennno ne onxnt we deIinitely shouldn`t
wn o+quuum:u uroum
(n) nrnopnponart nx. ignore them.
ueuoo o+
Ca+me onacnte yrpost 1he most dangerous threats
o+ovcm o+uowiepoc pomc
oua nyremecrnennnka to the traveller abroad
sa rpannne mv o mpe:o oopooo
cosamrcx ne are not generated
aa uom owieuop+muo
249
248
Hem c+mcua It makes no sense
um +orc uov c+uc
nonepramo cex to expose yourselI
mv urcnovs oc+:q
pncky to the risk
mv opncr
nnesanno okasartcx oI suddenly being
(nnesannoro oimu) oe caou:u onuue
es (xomi) raroeo-uuyoo without any
wuavm +uu
yocronepennx nnunocrn Iorm oI identiIication,
qoo+ oe aooumuqur+uiu
nnn es ocnonntx or without the basic
oo wuavm o o+cur
okymenron, (nyxntx) documentation Ior the job
nx paort, oorr+oum+uiu qoo oowo
(koropym) npecronr cenart. to be carried out.
mv ouu rpuo avm
Btop Bame rocrnnnnt Selecting your hotel
cu:ermuue o xovm+:
rakxe naxen. is also important.
us oo:cov u+noomoum
Cmoum nonnnmarentnee It pays to take a closer look
nocmorpert um nos mv mor o r:ovco :vr
ua ro, uro npenaraercx at what is available.
(ocrynno). m wom us oe+:o:
noonte okymenrt similar documents
cn+u:o oorr+oumc
aeuammca are
aa
npnnnekarentntmn oua nopon attractive to thieves
omprmue mv uues
n (nx) rpyno samennrt. and diIIicult to replace.
uo onquro:m mv pun:+c
Tak uro, (nce) annte So the registration numbers
( perncrpannonnte nomepa) cov o poowiucmp+uiu ua+ooc
raknx oorv+eumoe of such documentation
oe cam: oorr+oum+uiu
onxnt trt nepenncant should be noted down
uro ouu uovmuo oavu
nepe oresom beIore departure
ouqoo ounaam:o
n coxpanent oo+a. and kept at home.
uo ronm mxov+
pyro npakrnueckn cnoco Another practical measure
ouao nprmur: ++wie
cenart (]oro-)konnn is to take (photo)copies
us mv mor qomoronus
naxntx oorv+eumoe of important documentation
oe u+noomoum oorr+oum+uiu
nepe oresom. beIore leaving.
ouqoo :nueuue
251
250
npnnnmartcx no nnnmanne be taken into account
(trt npnnxma) ouu moru numv oravum
npu sakase rocrnnnnt. when booking your hotel.
w+u oyruue o xovm+:
Hoxapt n rocrnnnnax Hotel Iires
( Iocrnnnunte noxapt) xovm+: qaos
uacro tnamr npnunno oIten cause
oqu roos
ceptsnoro ypona n cmepre. serious damage and deaths.
cnpiec o+uowi uo ooc
Byoome ocropoxnt n Be careIul and try
nocraparect ouu reoqv: uo mpa
yocronepnrtcx (n rom), uro to make sure (that)
mv +or umo m
y Bac ecmo ocryn you have access
mv xe rcoc
r noxapnomy ntxoy to a Iire escape
mv o qao ucr+n
c Bamero +raxa. from your hotel Iloor.
qpo+ o xovm+: q:oo
Pnck saonenauua The risk oI Ialling ill abroad
sa rpannne opncr oe qoo:uue n: oopooo
uacro coornocxr co is oIten related to
us oqu pu:+muo mv
mnoxecrnom pasnnuntx a number oI diIIerent Iactors,
]akropon, oua+oo oe onqpoum qrmoc
Mecrononoxenne The location
o:ovr+uiu
sauacrym eaxuee, is oIten more important
us oqu +oo u+noomoum
uem than
u
yponent ocnyxnnannx. the service standard.
o ceuc cmuooo
Ecnn nama rocrnnnna II your hotel is situated
pacnouoxeua uq o xovm+: us cumr+muo
nnnsn ( nenoaneky) in the vicinity
uu oeucnuumu
om rpannopra, of communications
oe ro+ruur+uius
(koroptm) Bam nyxno (that) you need to use
nontsonartcx, m mv uuuo mv mvs
n (or) mecr, and places
uo n:+cus
(koropte) Bt namepenaerect you intend to visit,
nocernrt, mv uum+uo mv ensum
rora Bt moxere c+konomnrt then you can save
ou mv ru coe
+accy npemenn. a lot of time.
o:om oe ma+
Fesonacnocrt onxna rakxe SaIety should also
c+qmu uro oo:cov
253
252
nmecro eooi us-noo rpaua, instead oI tap water,
uucm+o oe mn woomo
nserart onpeennno nnmn avoiding certain Iood etc.
(usoeeauue) n r.. oeoouue cmu qvvo umc+mpo
Ecnn Bt npoeooume II you are spending abroad
sa rpannne uq mv aa cn+uouue oopooo
nnrentnt nepno epe+euu, an extended period of time
u urcm+uouo nnopuoo oe ma+
(ro) Ba+ yoem uyxeu you will need access
ocryn mv wn: uuuo rcoc
k xopome mennnncko to a good medical
mv o evo ++our:
cnyxe oxpant sopontx. health care service.
xo: r+o ceuc
Bam cueoyem nontrartcx You should try
mv uro mpa
cnxsartcx to get in touch
moe+m uumam:
c xopomnm okropom with a good doctor
wn o evo oarmo
n nsyunrt nosmoxnocrn and investigate the possibilities
uo uue+cmueom onocuon:umus
nonyueuua (npaueno) oI obtaining assistance
nomomn oe oom+uuue +cncmouc
(ecuu eopye Bt saoneere) (should you Iall ill)
uro mv qoo: n:
kak moxno tcrpee. as soon as possible.
s cvvu s nocuo:
no umym onesnt, (koropym) but any illness
oam +uu n:uuc
Bt +oeuu m you are likely to
mv aa :ar:u mv
sanonyunrt sa rpannne get abroad
eom oopooo
(sa ncknmuennem (except tropical ones),
rponnuecknx), urc+nm mponur: wauc
Bt rouno rak xe c+oeuu m you are equally likely to
mv aa nrwo:u :ar:u mv
sanonyunrt oo+a. get at home.
eom mxov+
Hontrartcx nsexart Trying to prevent
(Hontrka) mpauue monpue+um
noxnartnauua kako-nnyt catching a speciIic illness
cnenn]nuecko onesnn rm:iue o cnocnqur n:uuc
rpyno, is diIIicult,
us onquro:m
no Bt moxere but you can
oam mv ru
npenpnnxrt koe-kakne mept, take some measures
mor ca+ ++wiec
rar, uanpu+ep, nnrt such as drinking
(numue) cam: s opnuruue
mnnepantnym noy mineral water
+nupo: woomo
255
254
nnora sometimes
ca+ma+s
ono nnn nyx crpannn one or two pages
wau oo mvv n+owius
yer ocrarouno. will suIIice.
wn: coqac
B nmom cnyuae, However,
xav+eo
eaxuo, urot it is important that
um us u+noomoum m
okymenr tn o]opmnen rak, this document is designed
uc oorr+oum us ousauo
utot nosnonnrt ncem to allow all parties
yuacrnnkam mv o:av oo: naamus
nornepnrt cno npncyrcrnne to conIirm their presence in it.
(nx) n nm. mv rouq+ +o nposuc uu um
Ecnn panee (yxe) II many letters
nponsomn uq ++uu :emoc
omen mnornmn nnctmamn have been previously exchanged
xe ouuu npneioc:u urc:+uoiwio
n +uoeo nckyccn and a lot of discussions
uo o:om oe oucrauius
yxe cocmoauoco, have already taken place,
xe oo:p+ou moru n:oc
TEKCT X43
HHKAKOIO BH3HECA
BE3 KPHHHECKOH 3KCHEPTH3L
'NO BUSINESS
WITHOUT LEGAL EXPERTISE
uov onsuuc wuavm :uue: +rcnamuus
oronop mexy An agreement between
u oepnu+oum oumwnuu
(nymx n onee) ]npmamn (two and more) companies
mvv uo +oo ra+nouus
onxen xcno n cxaro must clearly and succinctly
+acm r:no:u uo corcnurm:u
koncrarnponart npana state the rights
cmom opamc
n oxsannocrn and responsibilities
uo pucnoucuon:umus
yuacrnymmnx cmopou, of the parties concerned,
oe onaamus roucuo
ro ecrt (cropon), yuacrnymunx i.e. participating
m us naamucun+muue
n +rom cornamennn. in this agreement.
uu uc oepnu+oum
Cornamenne ue oouxuo An agreement doesn`t have to
uoepnu+oum oasum xe mv
trt cnnmkom nnnntm, be too long,
ouu mvv :oue
257
256
n raknm opasom onn and thereIore they leave out
ynyckamr uo +oqoo o :uue avm
mnoro naxntx many impotant
++uu u+noomoum
nponem n erane. matters and details.
+moc uo oum+:s
Onpeennnte rpeonannx Certain requirements
cmu purwa+oumc
n ycnonnx and conditions
uo rouonuius
nponyckamrcx no ouure, are leIt out by mistake,
aa :eqm avm oa+ucm+r
nekoropte uacrn (oronopa) some sections
ca+ c+ruius
nsnoxeut are stated
aa cm+muo
neurko nnn ne nonnocrtm. vaguely or incompletely.
e+e:u oo uuro+n:num:u
Koneuno, nnora OI course, sometimes
oeroos ca+ma+s
rakne oronopa such agreements
cam: oepnu+oumc
yyr paorart e :roo+ c:v:ae, will work anvwav
wn: wr +uuwo
noromy uro oa naprnpa because both partners
ouroos oov naamuoc
muo m pasymno it would be wise
um wvo ouu was
n neoxonmo and necessary
uo u+cocopu
cymmnponart nce nynkrt, to summarize all the points
mv ca+opas oo: onoumc
(no koroptm) ooeoeopeuo, agreed upon
oepnuo onou
n onom okymenre, in one document,
uu wau oorr+oum
ro ecrt n konrpakre. i.e. in a business contract.
m us uu oonsuuc roumprm
Ouent mnornx cnopon Very many disputes
e+pu ++uu oucnmvmc
moxno tno t nsexart, could be avoided
rvo ouu oeoouo
ecuu m naprnpt muu if the partners were
uq onaamuoc w
ouee antnonnntmn. more long-sighted.
+oo :ouecamuo
Mnoro oronopon Many agreements
++uu oepnu+oumc
cocrannxmrcx are drawn up
aa opoou an
es mpnnuecko noepxkn, without legal assistance
wuavm :nue: ocncmouc
259
258
enucaui n oronop, written into the agreement,
pumu numv o oepnu+oum
rora cnopt then the disputes
ou o oucnmvmc
moryr opymnrtcx kak cner can come thick and Iast.
na ronony. ru ra+ ur uo qaacm
Mnorne ]npmt Many companies
++uu ra+nouus
counn yontm have Iound it convenient
nocueooeameuouo xe qavuo um rouenuioum

$
ynyumart
$
to develop
mv oue+:on
mexynaponte oronopa,
$
international contracts


$ uumouuiu: roumprmc

$
" successively,
corc+cue:u
no, rar npaeuuo, but as a rule,
oam s o pvv:
]npma ncnontsyer the company uses
ora+nouu mvsus
ceo camt nocnenn its most recent agreement
oronop umc +ovcm puucum oepnu+oum
kak enncrnennt opasen, as a single model,
s o cuue: +ovo:
npocro menxa art, just changing dates
owcm :+uoiwiuue oomc
onnakono sannrepeconant have a mutual interest
n rom, ( nmemr oomnt xe o +mv:vo: numpucm
nnrepec)
urot rapanrnponart in making sure
(n rapanrnponauuu), uu ++ruue umo
(uro) oronop the agreement
o oepnu+oum
yoem ntnonneu, will be carried out,
wn: ouu rpuo avm
n noromy, uro onn and because they
uo ouroos o
ecrnnrentno xorxr really want
pno:u woum
enart nsnec pyr c pyrom. to do business with each other.
mv ovv onsuuc wn uum: ao
Ho ecnn But iI
oam uq
+konomnueckax ocranonka the economic climate
o urouo+ur r:a+um
yxymaercx, deteriorates,
oumnopupomc

1

2
nnn nosnnkamr or unIoreseen
oo auqoocnuu

2

3

3

1
nenpennennte cnryannn, situations arise
cumir+uius opas
koropte oouxum oi:u, that should have (been)
m uro xe (ouuu)
no ue muu but haven`t been
oam xeum ouuu
}
"
261
260
cocrannxrt oronopa (rak), to draw up contracts
mv opoo an roumprmc
utot nserart to avoid
mv oeoo
yymnx cnopon. Iuture disputes.
qmv:o oucnmvmc
Karue What kind of
wom rauo oe
nsmenennx ocroxrentcrn alterations to circumstances
oo:mop+uius mv cro+cmoucus
cenamr neoxonmtm will necessitate
wn: uuc+cumom
cocrannenne nonoro the drawing oI a new agreement?
oronopa? o opoouue oe o umv oepnu+oum
Bos+oxuo nn Is it possible
us um nocuo:
nnecrn naparpa], to introduce a paragraph
mv uumpoomvc o npoepaaq
nsannxmun nocranmnkon exempting suppliers
ues++muue con:aos
or mecrntx nanoron, Irom local taxes,
qpo+ :ovr: mrcus
oruncnenn na connyxt, social charges,
covui: :aaowius
n ncrannxa and inserting
uo uucmuue
cranaprnte naparpa]t, the standard paragraphs
o cmuooo npoepaaqc
koropte npnmenxnnct which have been applied
wnm: xe ouuu on:ao
mnoro ner, Ior many years,
qoo ++uu nos
raknm opasom nonropxa hence replying
xouc pun:auue
yxe cymecrnymune omnkn, the already existing mistakes,
o oo:p+ou uesncmuue +ucm+rc
nnoca nx npxmo putting them right
nymuue o+ pam
n ceronxmnne in updated
( n oconpemeneunte) uu ano+muo
nepcnn (oronopon), versions,
euius
n opamaa cnnmkom mano and paying too little attention
nnnmannx uo n+uue mvv :um: om+uuiu
na nsmenxmunecx ycnonnx. to altering conditions.
mv oo:mopuue rouonuius
Boome, It is generally
um us owieuopo:u
upesntuano naxno most important
+ovcm u+noomoum
263
262
n onom naparpa]e into one paragraph
numv wau npoepaaq
+ro ar ( oecneunnaer) that provides
m npoeaos
xopomym omym kaprnny. a good overview.
o evo oveoerv
Ecnn nosmoxno, (ro) II possible
uq nocuo:
Bt onxnt npeycmorpert you should anticipate
mv uro umncunom
n npeynpenrt and prevent
uo npue+um
umme mpnnueckne cnopt any legal disputes
+uu :uue: oucnmvmc
npexe, uem onn nosnnknyr. beIore they arise.
ouqoo o opas
H Bt onxnt nomnnrt, And you should remember
uo mv uro pu+++oo
uro no mnornx crpanax that in many countries
m uu ++uu raumpus
ycrnte cornamennx verbal agreements
eo: oepnu+oumc
ue aeuammca are not
aa uom
mpnnueckn oxstnamunmn. legally binding.
:nue:u oauouue
or nmnoprntx nomnnn import duties etc.?
n r. .? n+noom omvmus umc+mpo
1 cnono " 2 cnona
Kro nouecm Who will bear
xvv wn: o+o
ocnonnoe pemx pacxoooe the brunt of costs
oopaum oe rocmc
n cnyuae ]opc-maxopa? caused by Iorce majeure?
rooso oa qooc ++owie (+owo)
Bceeoa It is always
um us oo:wos
upesntuano naxno extremely important
urcmpnu+:u u+noomoum
urko sa]nkcnponart to state clearly
mv cmom r:no:u
& all parties`
$ oo: naamus
quuaucoeym

$
omeemcmeeuuocmo financial responsibility.
ncex yuacrnnk`oe. &
$
qauuuiuo: pucnoucuon:umu
Hanpnmep, For example,
qoo uesaa+n:
xopomo copart a good idea is to gather
o evo aono us mv eo
nce nenonte nonnrnkn all pricing policies
oo: npacuue no:ucus
264
Auexcanp parynxnn
I p a m m a r n u e c k a x
pyccko-anrnnckax
XPECTOMATHR-
CAMOVHH1EBL
Hsoauue emopoe, ucnpae:euuoe u oono:ueuuoe
Cankr-Herepypr
YMHAR HAAHETA
Mockna
AHPA-M
2005
Hmn People
nuun:
uuueeo ue u+emm npornn have nothing against
xe uauue oe+ucm
saknmueuua raknx cornamenn, making such agreements,
++ruue cam: oepnu+oumc
no nosxE, but latER
oam :+mo
kora nosnnkaer cnop, when a dispute arises
w+u o oucnmvm opasus
nnn ona ns Cropon or one oI the parties
oo wau oe onaamus
(sa-)xouer nornepnrt wishes to uphold
wnuius mv anxov:o
cnon npana, its rights,
umc pamc
orcyrcrnne nnctmennoro the lack oI a written agreement
cornamennx o:r oe o pumu oepnu+oum
moxer ocrannrt can cause
ru roos
xnonort n norepn. trouble and losses.
mpao: uo :ocus
265
HACTL II
HPLOK B AHIAHHCKHH
HOCOBHE nx H3VHEHHR n OBVHEHHR
OBmHE PEKOMEHAHHH:
cnauana npournre nect rekcr Hpmxra na onom txannn,
pasmertre ero mapkepom, ntennn camte naxnte nx Bac
mecra. Yenrect, uro n rekcre nmemrcx ornert nourn
na nce nonpoct, koropte moryr y Bac nosnnkart
no mepe urennx +roro noconx.
Vuume anrnnckne cuoea cpasy xe
npxmo n cocrane npu+epoe/oopasoe
u no mepe urennx +roro noconx,
u cpasy xe nocne nepnoro npourennx,
nockontky +rn cnona Bam ec paeuo oueuo uyxum .
Craparect sanouuamo n nx npousuoueuue,
n nx uanucauue !!!
Takxe sayuueame nansycrt n camn npuepm/oopasi,
rak kak onn xnnxmrcx nx Bac npomomuna+u,
n koroptx Bt nosnee c/moxere npocro
saeuamo onn anrnnckne cuoea na pyrne,
nonyuax raknm opasom
maccy pasnoopasntx npenoxenn.
Yurnre, uro x ne mory nnnxrt na ro, c kako ckopocrtm Bt yere
sayunnart nonte anrnnckne cnona, no saro
+mo nocone acr Bam uouen1autnym nosmoxnocrt
crponrt ns ummx anrnncknx cnon
umme no cnoxnocrn
npannutnme anrnnckne npenoxennx.
Ho+romy ornecnrect k +ro knnre
ue kak k cokpamnnomy orcrvpcv n anrnnckn xstk,
a kak k nonnonennomy yueuoy nocoum,
nocne koroporo Bam na 80 nyxno yer
rontko yuumo anrnnckne cuoea !!!

267 266
1. PA3BEI.
(Hepnt +ran 20 mnnyr urennx).
HHmOPMAHHOHHAR HOIOTOBKA.
A) Hepnoe us+eueuue anrnnckoro cnona
Hpaeu.o S:
npn neoxonmocrn (nnn: no Bamemy xenannm)
r rouuy npakrnueckn umoeo (kpome ncero-ro 27 mryk
cmorpn Cnpaeouuym uacmo) cvuecmeume.iuoeo, nsxroro Bamn
npxmo ns nmoro cnonapx, Bt yere npnanun1t orou:auue
S, urot nocrannrt +ro cnono/ cvuecmeume.iuoe
no! uoxecmeeuuoe uncno !!!
Table ! tableS Cron ! cronM.
moo. moo.3 Cm. crp. 288 !
HKAHC !!!
Onako n anrnnckom ecrt n ntenennax mnom epvnna
ue-npaeu.iuix cnon n rom uncne n cvuecmeume.iuix
ro ecrt cnon,
ue nounnxmmnxcx omnu nx ocrantntx cnon +roro knacca
npaeu.a+.
Taknx cnon ncero 4 euoa:
1) HE-npannntnte cvuecmeume.iuie 27 mryk (crp. 398):
2) HE-npannntnte e.aeo.i 178 mryk (crp. 349);
3) HE-npannntnte :uc.ume.iuie 7 mryk (crp. 393);
4) HE-npannntnte onpeoe.euu 10 mryk (crp. 396).
Bce +rn ue-npannntnte c.oea ue us+eummc no ce-
ronxmnnm npaeu.a+ n nce nx ro1onme qop+i (ro ecrt npocro
cuoea) Bam nyxno nocrenenno sayunrt nansycrt;
F) 3nakomnmcx c 43 HEus+eue+i+u anrnncknmn cnonamn
c nmtm konnuecrnom cnon us+eue+ix,
n uu ... c nnmn ue enaem !!!
ro ecrt eoooue ux uurar HE nsmenxem
CTPOIA PEKOMEHAHHR.
Yunre BC n CPA3Y em n noromy, uro n +rom komnakrnom noconn
ner mecra nx nonropon, rem onee, uro nn]opmannx, anaemax n +rom
noconn,
xnnxercx roueuuo n caoocmamouuo
nx ocrnxennx cynepaue.opesyntrara.
Ho+romy, ne marect yptm, nanentrect na pesyntrar
n Om ooopa ooopa ue uuume ..!

BLCOKHH CTAPT.
(Hepnte 3 +rana 65 mnnyr).
3AAHHE: suaro+cmeo co 127 c.oeecui+u eouuua+u
c 3-x (onnakontmn!!!) orou:auu+u.
HEAL: ocrnrnyrax n pesyntrare 3-x +manoe (nnn sa 65 mnnyr)
mexuu:ecra nosmoxnocrt ckasart no-anrnnckn
70-80% roro, uro Bt otuno ronopnre no-pycckn.
BA3A. Btxnnennte mnom:
a) ]akr nannunx n anrnnckom xstke ocrarounoro
konnuecrna noome HEus+eue+ix cnon,
) ]enomen uacro HEus+eue+ocmu
axe us+eue+ix anrnncknx cnon,
n) nonte saeucu+ocmu nnyrpn xstka n
r) nonte esau+oomuoueuu mexy cnonamn,
a rakxe ntenennte uom
) nonte epvnni/kareropnn cnon,
oennnnte euum/-u npusuaro+/-a+u.
BPEMR na osuaro+.euue:
Hepnt +ran: Pasee 20 mnnyr.
Bropo +ran: 1ouuor 15 mnnyr.
Tpern +ran: Houm 30 mnnyr.
269 268
H axe:
Moux pyr MY handS +a xuo3
(Bet naoere-ro n anrnnckom HET !!!).
Mou pykam MY handS +a xuo3
Mouu pykamn MY handS +a xuo3
A rakxe:
Moe pyku MY hand +a xuo
Moe pyko MY hand +a xuo
Moe pyke MY hand +a xuo
n r. .

AOIHKA:
mynxnnn uensmenxemtx onpeoe.ume.e (crp. 272)
onpeeun1t ooc.vrueae+oe cnono
snaunr,
onpeoe.ume.u xnnxmrcx n onpeeueuuau,
snaunr,
n nce pyrne onpeoe.euu
roxe HE nsmenxmrcx
uu no pooa+, uu no :uc.a+, uu no naoera+,
n roxe acoum1no ueus+euuui+u
moryr co:emamic/ncnontsonartcx
c BKBMM cymecrnnrentntm ns .mooeo cnonapx
(n croxmnm n umo uncne) !!!
3naunr:
ntyunnaem +ror 21 onpeoe.ume.i (crp. 272),
crannm nocne umoro ns nnx
umoe pyroe ueus+euuuoe onpeoe.euu-e/-
umoe cvuecmeume.iuoe npnuo ns cuonapn
(nnn no +uorecmeeuuo+ uncne cnonoS)
n mt yxe moxem ckasart:
rak kak n anrnnckom HE1 uu poooe, uu naoere ..!!!
Mt 1outxo cr.aoieae+ c.oea co cnonamn !!!!!!;

B) am nn]opmannm, uro
umo (oxsarentnt) onpeoe.ume.i (")
ns 21 mrykn,
anno anee na crp. 272 (nanpnmep: 'my +a uon),
moxno co:emami
c umm nensmennntm cnonom/ cvuecmeume.iui+,
nsxrtm namn npnuo ns nmoro cuonapn,
uuu (coopasno spanomy cmtcny
xpoue onpeoe.ume.e this, that, such a, an/a)
co cnonom, nocrannenntm! namn
no +uorecmeeuuoe :uc.o ( S !),
rak kak camn onpeoe.ume.u HE nsmenxmrcx
uu no poam, uu no uncnam, uu no naexam
ro ecrt HHKAK !!!
3naunr (ntyunn +rn onsa1eutnme onpeoe.ume.u 21 mryky),
mt yae c/moxem ckasart
( cnoxnrt umo onpeoe.ume.i (crp. 272)
c umm cymecrnnrentntm,
croxmnm n umo uncne !!!):
Pycckn onpeoe.ume.i Anrnnckn onpeoe.ume.i
" useuaemca " ue useuaemca!!!

"
Moa pyka MY hand +a xuo
Mo cron MY table +a moo.
Mo connne MY sun +a cau
Mou pykH MY handS +a xuo3
271 270
Ecnn xe Bt ynaxaere Bamux cecmP
(a nx uoeo!),
ro nc panno c ocma.iui+u cnonamn
(xpoue cecmEP sisterS)
rakxe uuueeo enart ue nao:
1 2 3 4 4 5
I respect my beautiful and clever sisterS.
a pucn+rm +a omvmuqv. uo r.eeo cncmo3
ynaxam moux kpacnnix n ymnix cecrp.
Hpnum sisterS cncmo3
snaunr n ccmpM, n cecmP, n ccmpAM,
n nce ocrantnte napnanrt,
koropte Bt c +rnmn ccrpAMH ( 1oae sisterS!)
moxere cee rontko noopasnrt!
A moxno n rak:
We solve many difficult problemS.
wn co.e ++uu onqur.m npoo.e+3
Mt pemaem mnoro rpyntx nponem
(n n +rom npenoxennn $ us+eueuo 1outxo cnono 'problemS) !

NB.
Okonuanne 'S moxer nponsnocnrtcx u kak -C, u kak -3.
Ho nockontky +ra pasnnna n nponsnomennn ue nnnxer na cmtcn,
ro mt ne yem ceuac saocrpxrt na ne nnnmannx.

H1O CKHAIBATI n KAK CKHAIBATI,

urot nonyuart nonnte n npannntnte anrnnckne npenoxennx
(npnum cpasy xe oparnre ocooe nnnmanne na ro, uro
anrnnckne euaeoum n +ro ! cxe+e mt noome ue useuae !).
1 2 3
Moa uncrax, enax n nexnax pyka
1 2 3
MY clean, white and tender hand.
+a r.uuu wam uo m+uoo xuo
Hnn axe:
Mou uncrme, enme n nexnme pykH
MY clean, white and tender handS.
+a r.uuu wam uo m+uoo xuo3
BHHTE,
us+euu.oci rontko cvuecmeume.iuoe (! handS),
no n onpeoe.ume.i (MY), n nce onpeoe.euu ocrannct
HEus+euuui+u !!!

CTHMYA
(urot y Bac cpasy xe ax pyukn saprannct!).
Bostmm, nanpnmep, pycckoe npenoxenne
1 2 3 4 4 5
R ynaaam uom/cnom xpacnnym n yunym cec1py.
urot ckasart ro xe camoe ($) no-anrunncxn, nam nyxno
rontko nsxrt cnonapt, orkptrt ero, narn nce nyxnte nam
(anrnnckne!) cnona n,
BOOFE HH OHO H3 HHX HE H3MEHRR
(ro ecrt HHHEIO c nnmn HE enax !!!),
cocmaeumi nx n npannntnoe n nopmantnoe anrnnckoe
npenoxenne:
1 2 3 4 4 5
I respect my beautiful and clever sister.
a pucn+rm +a omvmuqv. uo r.eeo cncmo
273 272
* 31n cnona (sect n anee) ynorpenent mnom nx roro,
urot vmo:umi snauenne cnon aueuucrux!

NB 1 !!!
Yurnre, uro uu ouo ns 31 cnona +ro rpynnt
HHkak HE us+euemc !!!

NB 2 !!!
H e.aeo. nocne cyzermumx +ecmou+euu I/you/we/they
n nocne cvuecmeume.iuix no uoxecmeeuuo uncne
n uacmoaue npemenn (!) useuamo HE uyxuo !!!

NB 3 !!!
Oparnre nnnmanne na pasuuuy (u n snauennn!)
mexy anrnncknmn onpeoe.ume.+u n ooerma+u
(pyccxne coomeemcmeu koroptm snyuar n ntrnxxr ouuaroeo):

(-uvm)
Onpeoe.ume.i
nnxy EIO coary I see HIS dog a cuu xu3 ooe
Ho: Ooerm
nnxy EIO ! I see HIM a cuu xuM

(-uue)
Onpeoe.ume.i
Mt cntmnm HX eouoca We hear THEIR voices.
wn xno +3 eocus
Ho: Ooerm
Mt cntmnm HX ! We hear THEM wn xno +M

(-ui)
Onpeoe.ume.i
nmnm EIO (o rvre) ueem I like ITS color ra.o
Ho: Ooerm
nmnm EIO (ca+oeo rvra) ! I like IT.

PEKOMEHAHHR.
Kora Bt moxere samennrt cnona EIO- n HX- na! eeoum
n uxuu, ro no-anrnnckn cmeno ronopnre 'HIS n '1HEIR.
A ecnn +rnx sa+eu nponsnecrn ueuosa, no moxno ncrannrt cnona eeo
caoeo nnn ux caux cmeno ronopnre 'HIM n '1HEM !!!

CXEMA noc1poennn anrnnckoro npeuoaennn (cnona XX 1-31):

1 2 3 4 5
" " " " "
CVB1EK1
(Kmo?
nnn Umo?)
Amon
HEuseuu.
IAAIOA
OBR3A1.
OHPEE-
BH1EBL
Amoe
OHPEE-
BEHHE
(Karo?)
OB1EK1
(Koeo?):
I a x
YOU mv rt, nt
WE wn mt
THEY o onn
nnn
umoe
cvuecmeume.iuoe
mouoro
no uox. uncne
( CnonoS
nnn crp. 398).
Cnono
AND uo n
MY +a mo
YOURo rno, nam
HIS xus ero, eeoui*
HER x e
ITS umc eeoui*, e
OUR avo nam
THEIR +o nx(-uu)*
NO uov ne, ner
ANY +uu nmo
THIS uc +ror
THAT m ror
EVERY +epu kaxt
EACH uum: kaxt
SOME ca+ nekn,
kako-ro
nekoropte; neckontko
SUCH A cam: o rako
SUCH cam: rakne
THESE nus +rn
THOSE ovs re
menx ME +uu
rex YOU mv
ero HIM xu+
e HER x
+ro IT um
nac US ac
nm, nx THEM
o+
nnn
umoe
cvuecmeum.
n umo
uncne.
AN-A u/o onn, kako-ro

r.n.
apmur.u
THE o ror camt, re camte (Crp. 388).
$
Ieuuauoum Hroro: 31 cnono.
cronnk
LOVE GOOD "
" "
"
"
"
"
"
"
}
$
"
$
"
$
"
(ca+oeo )
(ca+ux)
275 274
Ho koneuno xe onpeoe.ume.u an/a onn
ueuosa ncnontsonart nepe cvuecmeume.iui+,
croxmnm no uoxecmeeuuo uncne!
A snaunr:
HHKAKHX an apples nnn a girls !!!
To ecrt
uurarux oouu xnokH nnn ooua enouKH !!!
H +ro ror cnyua, kora cymecrnnrentnoe oxem
ocrartcx es onpeoe.ume. ( cm. crp. 391-392) !;

2) B3AHMOBM1ECHEHHE.
BCE oasameuoume onpeoe.ume.u
(nnn xaamn ns unenon +roro $ Ieuuauouoeo cronnka)
BM1ECHRK1/ samenxmr pyr pyra !!!
To ecrt,
ecnn nepe cymecrnnrentntm (nnn nepe eeo onpeoe.euu+u)
ecrt ono ns +rnx $ 21 cnon,
ro
pao nnn nopa HE uoae1 trt
uuraroeo pyroro ns nnx !!!
A snaunr:
HHKAKHX my any, the your nnn a this !!!

Conmenne +moeo $ oeeo npannna npnnonr k nonno

aue.orpamornocrn, rak kak
onpeoe.ume.u emmecuamm/ samenxmr u apmur.i,
o koropom Bt nanepnxka yxe cntmann,
n koroporo Bt, nosmoxno, onrect!!!
Hanpnmep
(n samertre, onpeoe.ume.u HE nsmenxmrcx):
Mt nnmem BKBME knnrH We write ANY bookS.
wn pam +uu ovrC
KPAHHE BAXHO !!!
2 Euumx npusuara
no Ieuuauouoy cronnky $:
1) OBR3A1EBLHOC1L npnmenennx
onoro ns oasameuoumx onpeoe.ume.e
nepe cyuecmeumeuoum !!!
Houemy cnona ns Ieuua.iuoeo cmo.oura
nasnant mnom oasameuoumu onpeoe.ume.+u?
Horomy, uro
ecnn MM, nanpnmep, no-pyccru moxem npocro ckasart:
mory oxmypnrt % enymky!,
ro no-aue.ucru nmenno mar ckasart HEBL3R,
rak kak no-aueuucru nepe +ro oeevuro
(ecnn c ne nc okay!)
oasameuouo onxno croxrt xomo raroe-mo cnono
ns ntmenpnnennoro cmo.oura,
ro ecrt moxno/ nyano mouoro 1ax:
O F 3 A T"E H I H O !!!
HIS eeo ( eeouvm)
NO uurarvm* (crp. 278)
ANY .movm
I can charm THIS omv girl.
a ru :aa+ SUCH A marvm
SOME uervm
A/THE oouv/mv ca+vm n r..

$
Bes +roro
kareropnueckn ueuosa !!!
"
THESE omux
I can charm THOSE mex girlS.
SUCH marux
}
}
277 276
H enaercx +ro oueuo npoc1o,
rak kak
nocne 'I x, 'you rt, nt, 'we mt, 'they onn
n nocne cvuecmeume.iuix no uoxecmeeuuo uncne
( cnonoS)
n uacmoaue epe+euu (cm. na 6, 5 cm. nnxe)
c anrnncknm rnaronom
noome HHHEIO enart HE nao
epnre ero, kak on ecrt n ueuseuuum ncrannxre
n Bame anrnnckoe npenoxenne!
Hanpnmep:
HEus+euu. rnaron "
Mt PABO1AEM ouent ycepno We WORK very hard.
wn wr e+pu xaao
Te napHH TAHHVK1 sect kaxym nout.
Those guyS DANCE here every night.
ovs ea3 oaauc xno +epu uam
$ HEus+euuui rnaron
A uacmoauee epe+ +ro kora uro-ro nponcxonr
ceeoou, ce:ac, menepi, ooi:uo, eceeoa,
" e uauu ouu n r.n.
"
BIYuHTE CAOBA (XX 32-38):
now uav cenuac, 1enept
today mvo+, moo+ ceronn
generally orieuopo.u omuno
usually mvrie.u omuno
always oo.wos ncera
as a rule s opyv. xax npannuo
nowadays uavooos n nac1onmee npeun
+
every ... ( minute, day, week, month, Sunday, year)
+epu +nuum oo wnur +au cauoo no
xaa.: mnnyra, ent, neenx, mecxn, nockpecente, ro
n r. .;

1 2 3 4 5
nnxy 31OIO ontmoro kpacnnoro enoro cnona.
I see THIS big beautiful white elephant.
a cuu uc oue omvmuqv. wam +.uqoum

NB !!!
Oparnre ocooe nnnmanne $ !!!
Ckontko t onpeoe.euu nn croxno nepe cvuecmeume.iui+
( % oo.iuo, rpacuei, oe.i .), no
oasameuoum onpeoe.ume.i
nc panno cronr HEPE ncemn onpeoe.euu+u,
rak kak
nmo oasameuoum onpeoe.ume.i
+ro onpeoe.euue N1 !!!

BHHMAHHE !!!
1) B Cxee (na crp. 272) cnpana y nac ecrt ooermi (X5),
a n nauane cxemt ecrt cvoermi (X1).
Cyzermo nnn ooermo+ moxer trt cvuecmeume.iuoe n umo
uncne ('cat nnn catS), +ecmou+euue (I, he n r..), u+
coocmeeuuoe (Pete, Moscow n r..).
(B ntmenpnnenno cxe+e x no1ouy an Bam 1outxo
+ecmou+euu 'I/ you/ we/ they, uro
nocne nnx |n uacmoaue npemenn !|
anrnnckn rnaron us+eumi ne nyxno !!!).
Cyzerm ecrnyer cau,
a Ooerm nonepraercx eos/oecmeum (cvoerma),
npnum camo
eos/ecmeue ncera ntpaxaercx euaeouo
(r. e. cnonom, oosnauammnm oecmeue nnn cocmouue).
3naunr, euaeouo mt moxem cesieami
cvoerm c ooermo+ ...
279 278
HE nnxy ontmnx komek I see NO big cats.
a cuu HOV oue rmc
Bvrea.iuo: nnxy HE ontmnx komek.
Onpeoe.euue "
Mt HE :umae+ nontx knnr We read NO new books.
wn puuo HOV umv ovrc
Bvrea.iuo: Mt unr... HE nonte knnrn.
BHHTE:
Mm ompuae+ ruarou ( ue :umae+ .),
a aue.osi:uie (npn nomomn NO)
ompuamm cymecrnnrentnoe
eecme c ero onpeoe.euu+u !!!
( NO new interesting books).
To ecrt:
ueeo onn ue euom nnn ue :umamm
mo onn n ompuamm !!!
euan1e, pexra, n Bm rak xe
Bam uro, cnao , uro nn!
H1O MI VE TEXHHuECKH VMEEM ?
(uepes 10 mnnyr nocne nauana urennx !!!).
Bor Bam " , nanpnmep, 37 anrnncknx c.oe " (ue nxoxmnx
n ntmeynomxnyrte 127), ns koroptx cnona n ro.ourax X 2, 4 n 5
nsxrt mnom npouseououo, n moryr trt samenent
AKBLMH pyrnmn noomeHEus+euuui+u
anrnncknmn cnonamn npao us nmoro cuoeapa.
Hs +rnx cnon nnn ns nmtx pyrnx moxno ryr xe
cnoxnrt (no cxeme, anno panee na crp. 272) konoccantnoe
konnuecrno AKBLX ro+ouuau, koropte xnnxmrcx
npannutnmun sua:u+i+u anrnncknmn npenoxennxmn
2) B nepeune ooermoe na crp. 272 Bam ano 7 ooermuix
+ecmou+euu c nx snauennxmn
( cnona rnna +eu, eeo n r. n.).
Onako nockontky n anrnnckom HET naoere,
ro +rn cnona (me, him n r..)
coomeemcmevmm nceu pyccknm eapuauma+, a nmenno:
ME +uu menx, mne, mnom
YOU mv rex, ree, room
nac, nam, namn
HIM xu+ nm, emy, nnm, nemy, nm
HER x e, e, em, ne, ne, nem
IT * um ono, emy, nm, ona, e, em, on, emy *
US ac nac, nam, namn
THEM o+ nx, nm, nmn, nnx, nnm, nnmn.
* Y 'it rak mnoro snauenn/coomeemcmeu noromy, uro
+mu cnonom no-anrnnckn oosnauamrcx BCE n BC,
rpoe myxunn n xenmnn (r.e. kpome ume)
(n uesaeucu+o or no.a/poa:
cnon cnonuxa, menet meneua,
nerep, nmont, cron, cner n r. . nc +ro IT);

3) Ecnn nepe cvuecmeume.iui+

(nnn nepe eeo onpeoe.euu/-e+/-+u)
Bt nocrannre c.oee:ro 'NO uov He, He1, Hnxaxon,
ro Bt YE c/moxere ckasart o mnorom n
n ompuuameuouo qop+e
(npnum ouent rameeopuuuo !!!).
Ho yurnre, uro ecnn ecrt onpeoe.ume.i 'NO, ro pxom c nnm
yxe ontme ueuosa ncnontsonart
uurarux pyrnx onpeoe.ume.e n rom uncne
n HHKAKOIO apmur. !!!:
281 280
YCTAHOBOHHLH HPHMEP/OBPA3EH
na nocrpoenne npenoxennx ns ntmenpnnenntx cnon:
I carry any clever monkey/s.
a rpu +uu r.eeo +auru/s
nomy nm... ymn... oestx/-ny/-n.
mYPYHTE H BI TAK E $
KTO/HTO BAM MEmAET ???
* BAHO !!!
Hosnakomtrect c moe nono paspaorko no nasnannem
Pyccko-Pycckne 0opmynt u.u PPm !
Hx nent nomout Bam nonxrt npuuun,
no koropomy aue.osi:uie crpoxr nekoropte cnon roucmpvruu.
PPm +ro pyccxne ]past nnn ooopomi,
nonxrnte nx pvccrosi:uix,
n xnnxmmnecx rountmn ra.ira+u/konnxmn
]pas/ooopomoe anrnncknx!
(Cm. crp. 399 n Cnpaeo:uo :acmu).

BL3YBPHTE !!!
A nor Bam n nepnax " PPm:
Aue.osi:uie HE ronopxr: Y menx/rex/nac/nac/nnx ecrt ...!
Ouu ron"opxr: " cnono X39
HMEK ...
Tt ueeuo ...
Mt uee ...
Bt ueeme ...
Onn uemm ...
3ru enymku uemm ...
I HAVE ...
You have ...
We have ...
You have ...
They have ...
These girls have
a xe
mv xe
wn xe
mv xe
o xe
e.s xe
mne npocro nent cunrart, crouoro u+euuo npenoxenn Bt moxere
ryr xe cnoxnrt
no x ymam, uro onee 20.000 ...
HAHAKHTE HA CMBCH
n
npocro cr.aoieame umme cnona c ummu pyrnmn
cnonamn ns +roro " cnncka (ne ecnokoxct o npaeu.iuocmu, rak
kak o ne nosaornnnct epe+ n ) !!!
Tontko (ecnn nyxno!) npnannxre 'S k cymecrnnrentnomy !!!
Takxe nomnnre o pasnnne mexy:
this/that ! cymecrnnrentnoe n euucmeeuuo :uc.e
n 'these/those ! cymecrnnrentnoe no uoxecmeeuuo
:uc.e ( S)!

A K B O -H/-E
Cvoerm
Inaron Onpeoe.um. Onpeoe.euue Cymecrnnr.
1 2 3 4 5
I
You
We
They
People
nuun.
( umn)
These girls
u m.o.
respect
love
adore
hate
count
expect
carry
save
touch
touch
have*
u m.o.
my
no
any
this
that
these
those
serious
clever
big
beautiful
white
u m.o.
friend/s
girl/s
dog/s
table/s
hand/s
face/s
house/s
monkey/s
book/s
room/s
u m.o.
B annom ntme cnncke ($) x nouepknyn 5 nponsnoutno
ntpanntx cnon n (nannenan na cmtcn!) npocro cuoanu +rn
cnona, nonyunn npn +rom
(rpammarnueckn) acoum1no npannutnoe
anrnnckoe npenoxenne!
{
283 282
H: " cnono X 77 (crp. 47)
V ... HE BVE1 (uuraro) komkn ... WILL HAVE NO cat.
wn. xe uov rm

OHOHHHTEHIHIE HPHMEPL
na qopm rnarona 'have xe u+emi
(npnum +1n " qop+i Bt moxere ncnontsonart
c ummun cvoerma+u,
n rom uncne n c ummun +ecmou+euu+u):
V menx BMBA (mox) kpacnnax nopyra.
I HAD (my) beautiful girlfriend.
a xo (+a) omvmuqv. e.qpouo
1 2
V nac HE BMBO ymntx pyse.
2 1
We HAD NO clever friends.
wn xo uov r.eeo qpouos
12
V ... BVE1 kyua nponem.
1 2
... WILL HAVE a lot of problems.
... wn. xe o.om oe npoo.e+s
$
Amoe +ecmou+euue
Amon cvoerm
3 12
V ... HE BVE1 nponem.
1 2 3
... WILL HAVE NO problems.
... wn. xe uov npoo.e+s
$
Amoe +ecmou+euue
Amon cvoerm

YCTAHOBOHHLE HPHMEPL/OBPA3HL:
V nac EC1L mnoro entx komEK.
We HAVE many white catS.
wn xe ++uu wam rmC
Bvrea.iuo: Mt HMEEM ...
Ecnn xe y nx pyse, nanpnmep, uem rouer,
ro ouu orkponenno o +rom n saxnnxmr:
V nnx HE1 ontmnx entx komek.
They HAVE NO big white cats.
o xe uov oue wam rmc
V +rnx cronon HE1 noxek These tableS HAVE NO legs.
3rn cronM HE HMEK1 uus moo.3 xe uov .ees

HBH (pacmnpenne!):
V menx/rex/nero/ne/nac/nac/nnx BMB/-a/-o/-n !
"
! /rt/on/ona/ono/mt/nt/onn HMEB/-a/-o/-n
"
I/you/he/she/it/we/they HAD ... Hpoueuee npemx
xo
( rak nastnaemax 2-n qop+a rnarona).
" cnono X 40
V ... HE BMB/-o (uuraro) komkn ... HAD NO cat.
xo uov rm

HBH:
V menx/rex/nero/ne/nac/nac/nnx BV/-er/-yr . !
"
! /rt/on/ona/ono/mt/nt/onn BV... HME1L
" "
I/you/he/she/it/we/they WILL HAVE ....
... wn. xe
$
285 284
YCTAHOBOHHLE HPHMEPL/OBPA3HL:
Onn yesxamm ( yeyr) saempa They leave tomorrow.
o .uue mo+opov
3rn napnH npumeamm
These guyS arrive
Onn npumeamm ( npnyyr) cma e cueymuee eocrpeceuoe.
They arrive here next Sunday.
o opae xno uorcm cauoo
Ero parLR norynamm nam om saempa.
( kynxr)
His brotherS buy our house tomorrow.
xus opaoC oa avo xavc mo+opov
Mnoro rocrEH npuym nocuesaempa.
Many guestS come the day after tomorrow.
++uu eocmC ra+ oo+ aaqmo mo+opov

OOOHEHL BAHO !!!

Hepe xaamu emopi+, mpemiu+ n r..
anrnncknm rnaronom
n oasameuoueue nopxke
uyxuo cmaeumo cnoneuko/:acmu:rv to:
1 2 1 % 2
xouy % %% %% nptramo I want to jump.
a woum mv or+n

OFAHEHHOE PACHHPEHHE.
Uacmua to mv (nepe e.aeo.o+) moxer em snaunrt
utot:
1 2 3
paoram, utot trt n cocroxnnn yunrtcx!
I work to be able to study!
a wr mv ouu oo. mv cmaou
PE3KME.
3asypnnan npnmept/opasnt ($) n konnpyx nx, Bt
c nomomtm cnonapx VE moxere ckasart ouent unoroe
o ceoux, meoux, eauux, uauux u ux(-uux) oecmeux
n uacmoaue npemenn !!!
(A c rnaronom have xe u+emi no ecex 3 epe+euax
ro ecrt axe em n n npoueue n n yyue !!!).

PACmHPEHHE X1.
KAACC !!! !
Ho ecnn n konen nnn n nauano Bamero anrnnckoro npenoxennx
Bt nocrannre ony ns cneymmnx c.oeecuix eouuu (X 41-43),
ro Bt nonyunre momenrantnym nosmoxnocrt onucauu ecrnnx,
npoucxooueeo
n yyue !!!
BL3YBPHTE: ! Tomorrow san1pa
(XX 41-43) mv+opov, mo+opov
The day after tomorrow nocuesan1pa
oo+ aaqmo mo+opov
Next ... ( week, Sunday, year, summer, Christmas).
uorcm wnur cauoo no ca+o rpnc+oc
B/na cueymmee: neenx, nockpecente, ro, nero, Poxecrno,
u m.n.
KOHKPETHKA:
"
nmo ueus+euuui rnaron
I leave tomorrow.
You come the day after tomorrow.
We arrive next week.
They u m.o. ~ Sunday.
People ~ year.
These girls . ~ Summer.
u m.o. ~ Christmas, u m.o.
287 286
Y menx ner
nnsknx pysEH sect,
nockontky
nce mon crapte py3LR
xnnyr n pasntx mecrAX.
I have no
a xe uov
close friendS here
r.ovc qpouo3 xno
since
cuuc
all my old friendS
oo. +a ov.o qpouo3
live in different placeS.
.ue uu onqpoum n.+cu3

2. TOAHOK.
(Bropo +ran 15 mnnyr).
3AAHHE: eu 14 cnon 3 us+eueuu anrnnckoro cnona
(koropte ant nnxe);
HEAL: npnoperenne eu 5% aue.osi:uix nosmoxnocre;
BPEMR: eu 15 mnnyr urennx.

HOHECAACL !!!
Btyunnaem em 14 ueus+eue+ix anrnncknx cnon
ckontko yrono us+eue+ix, n cpasy xe nponsnonm
nepnme 3 us+eueuu anrnnckoro cnona: ! 1)2)3) S
(ns omero konnuecrna ncero-nancero
10 qvuruoua.iuix us+eueuu, cymecrnymmnx n anrnnckom !!!).
BAHAR HHmOPMAHHR.
B anrnnckom nce qvuruoua.iuie us+eueuu, nponcxoxmne
(nnn: koropte Bt moxere nponsnonrt) co cnonom,
xnnxmrcx 1outxo
eueuuuu!
3rnx us+eueuu ncero 10 umvr, n saknmuamrcx onn
n npnanuennn r rouuy anrnnckoro cnona
onoro ns 8 orou:auu!
Kaxt ent onn npnxoxr cma, utot nonnart nac.
Every day they come here to see us.
+epu o+ o ra+ xno mv cuu ac
utot cenart +ro, rt onxen trt cnntntm!
To do this you must be strong!
mv ovv uc mv +acm ouu cmpoue

CMOTPHTE, H1O BI VE YMEETE !!!

(Bcero uepes 15 mnnyr nocne nauana urennx !!!).
YCTAHOBOHHLH TEKCT X1
nokynam
ouent mnoro
nontx anrnncknx knnI
n xypnanOB
kaxt mecxn,
noromy uro
1 2
x xouy % %% %% snart nc.
3rn knnrH
nomoramr mne
ouent cnntno.
I buy
a oa
very many
e+pu ++uu
new English bookS
umv nue.uui ovrC
and magazineS
uo +eosuu3
every month,
+epu +au
because
ouroos
1 2
I want to know everytning.
a woum mvuov +epuuue
These bookS
uus ovrC
help me
xo.n +uu
very much.
e+pu +am:
289 288
o OHOM nn rvcme, nanpnmep, mna peut,
nnn o MHOIHX rvcmax
nonpoyre, nponsnecnre cnono 'bushS ovuc!
He ncera net n nonyunrcx!!!
Ho+romy n noontx cnyuaxx ( nocne rak nastnaemtx
uunuux coe.acuix
nocne SH-, S-, CH-, J-, X n Z-)
+ro '-E- nepe 'S u na konne cvuecmeume.iuix,
u na konne e.aeo.oe (crp. 290)
oxsarentno n ncrannxercx !!!

NB !!!
Ho nocne coe.acuo -th (kak t ona nn nponsnocnnact)
ovqepua -e- HE cmaeumc,
rak kak samertre !!! nx aue.osi:uix
(u ncropnueckn, u no npuuunv opasonannx)
coe.acua - unae x -1, uem k -c,
a coe.acua - unae x -, uem k -s !!!,
no+romy:
5 mecxnEB 5 monthS qae +auC, a ue 5 monthes.
3 ykH 3 boothS puu ovvC, a ue 3 boothes !!!

TPH S:
1) (e)S npnannxre K rouuy nmoro (kpome 918 27
mryk cm. n Cnpaeo:uo :acmu) cymecrnnrentnoro ns cnonapx,
urot nocrannrt ero!
no! uoxecmeeuuoe uncno:
table ! tableS moo.3
bush ! bushES oyuiH3
tax ! taxES mrcH3 nanorH;

(Tannna +rnx 8 orou:auu ecrt n Cnpaeo:uo :acmu

annoro noconx na crp. 401-402).
Bnyrpn anrnnckoro cnona
mt HHHEIO c/enart HE moxem !!!

PE3KME ! 3naunr, nocne +1oro Jmana Bam ocranercx

ntyunrt ncero-nancero 7 nosmoxntx us+eueuu !
(10 3 S 7)
A nepnte 3 us+eueuu +ro ono n ro xe 'S,
rontko nnora +ro 'S npnannxercx r rouuy anrnnckoro
cnona n n nne 'ES, ro ecrt c rak nastnaemtm
npomexyrountm/ ovqepui+ -e-!
NB !
-E- noxnnxercx ueay rouo+ cnona n orou:auue+ S rora,
kora y Bac uem pyro eosoxuocmu
IOBOCOM norasami +ro npnannennoe orou:auue S
a nokasart-ro ero nao !!!
Kak, nanpnmep, es +roro -E- Bt nponsnecre cnono
bush ovui xyc1
no uoxecmeeuuo uncne
( bushES oyuiH3 kycrM) ?
A cnono fixES qnrcH3 unnHT ?
Bet nponsnecrn qurcCCC rak, urot tno onosnauno
cumuuo, uro 'S npnanneno, noome nepeantno,
nockontky n anrnnckom uem onrnx coe.acuix ..!!!
BHHTE !
Ecnn t ne npo+ervmo:uoe/ovqepuoe -E- n oonx
+rnx $ cnyuaxx, ro orou:auue S cnnnanoct t c nocnennm
'-SH nnn c '-S (nnn, nanpnmep, c -Z),
n Bam coecennk ne nonxn t nnn npocro mor t ne ycntmart,
291 290
3) Tperte S uepes anocmpoq ( ) npnannxre
K rouuy anrnnckoro cnona,
urot oosnaunrt euaeuoua uero-nno:
NB.
Tyr xe ncnomnnre 'McDonalds MakonantOB (Ue?),
u.u Harypantnte unnct 'Lays Hoeem (Uiu?),
u.u Uncle Bens xu FenHHt (xcno, Uiu?).

A nor n HEPBIH HAHPRI,

koropt saknmuaercx n us+eueuuu nopara cuoe
(no cpannennm c pyccknm!).
Bostmm, nanpnmep, pycckym ]pasy:
1 2 3
Knaprnpa moe marepH.
Byreauoume anrnnckne oreuea.eum n nepeno ( PPm) +ro
]past ntrnxxr uyrt nnaue sa cu1 useueuua nopnxa cnon:
2 3 1 ! 2 3 1
Moe marep`H knaprnpa ! My motherS flat.
Kro euaeueu knaprnpt? Mart?
Tak nor nmenno r amepu n npnannxercx +ro S !!!
Em pas oparnre, noxanycra, ocooe nnnmanne na pasuuuy
n nopxke cnon $" n pycckom n n anrnnckom napnanrax.
Mt net moxe ronopnm:
3ro xe oe amepu reapmupa !!! ...

HEHHOE YKA3AHHE.
3asypnre pycckym ]pasy ( PPm)
1 2 3
MOEH MATEP`H KBAPTHPA,
n crpore nce Bamn anrnnckne npenoxennx
c BBAEBLHEM npxmo no ne $ !!!
2) (e)S npnannxre K rouuy HRFOIO rnarona
n uacmoaue npemenn
X 44 X 45 X 46
HOCBE mecronmenn HE, SHE, IT n WHO?
xu uiu um xvv
ro ecrt nocne Ou, Oua, Ouo n Kmo?,
koropte x pekomenym nepeuua:umi n mnnte c.oee:ru!
! OnC, OnaC, OnoC n KroC?
( o kyun Mo korC),
urot onn aemoamuuecru nanomnnann Bam o rom, uro
nocue nnx
K rouuy anrnnckoro rnarona nyxno npuaeumo (e)S:
! ! ! !
He readS many bookS Ou unraE1 +uoeo knnI.
! !
She planS to leave Oua nnannpyE1 yexamo.
uiu n.us mv .uue

KPAHHE BAHO.
He orxox or kacct, npomy Bac nosnakomnrtcx em c onnm kpane
nyxntm cnonom/qop+o na 'S
... HAS ... x3 ... HMEE1 ... (X 47)

$
OnC, onaC, onoC, KroC?, Mo korC haS
(ro ecrt +ro 'HAveS, y koroporo cpeouuuoe -ve- npocro
co npemenem eiea.u.oci n norepxnoct):
V nero (ecmo) mnoro pyse He HAS many friendS.
On HMEE1 ... xu x3 ++uu qpouo3
H:
V nero HE1 xopomnx pyse He HAS NO good friendS;
xu x3 uov evo qpouo3

293 292
rak kak HH y rarux anrnncknx +ecmou+euu
(n rom uncne n y npumrame.iuix)
HET uu naexe, uu poon, uu uncen,
a snaunr, camn onn (kak n ece anrn. onpeoe.euu)
no pooa + n :uc.a+ HE nsmenxmrcx.
Ho ceuac eno ne rontko n +rom!

Hpumrame.iuie +ecmou+euu 1-ro THHA ynorpenxre

TOALKO c pyrnmn cnonamn/cvuecmeume.iui+u,
nesanncnmo or nx :uc.a n r. n.:
HHraro apmur.i nepe me+, ue e.aoemm
sect ue uyxeu:
1 2 ! 2 1
My fatherS car +a qaaoc raa Mamnna moeeo orn`A.
My fatherS cars +a qaaoc raac Mamnnm moeeo orn`A.
BritainS foreign policy opumuc qopuu no.ucu
Bnemnxx nonnrnka Fpnrann`H.

HKAHC !!! Tenept, snax o cymecrnonannn S ( xosuu)

Bam nerue yer nonxrt n ycnonrt cneymmn ouent naxnt umauc.
3nare, uro n anrunncxou xstke nmemrcx
2 (BA) pasnmx muna npumrame.iuix +ecmou+euu.
3AYHHTE (XX48-52) !
I: II:
mo MY +a mine +au X48
rno, nam, Bam YOUR o yourS o3 X49
ero(-ui) HIS xus hiS xus
e HER x herS x3 X50
ero, e (o ueoovu.) ITS umc itS umC
nam OUR avo ourS avo3 X51
nx(-uu) THEIR +o theirS +o3 X52
Oparnnn nnnmanne?
$
Bese (kpome mine) na konnax cnon npncy$rcrnyer S
( xosuu) !!!
Omee nx oenx epvnn cnono Ue? WHOSE? xyvs
Haemct, Bt nomnnre, uro, nanpnmep, 'MY +a snaunr
n o, n oa, n o,
n ou, n oux, n ou n r..
MY house, YOUR sisters, HIS cars n r..
+a xavc o cncmos xus raas
Mo ou, rnon cc1pm, ero uamnnm,
Moero oua, rnonx cec1p, ero uamnnau.
31o1 rnn anrnncknx npumrame.iuix +ecmou+euu
nonnocrtm coornercrnyer
pyccxnu npumrame.iui+ +ecmou+euu+.

Cnona xe 2-ro THHA ynorpenxmrcx CAMOCTOTEHIHO,

n otuno cnyxar kparknmn orneramn na nonpoct rnna
He omo oo+?, nnn xe koporknmn, pesknmn yrnepxennxmn:
3rn knnrn ou These books are mine ( crp. 295).
Te knnrn more ou Those books are mine too.
ovs ovrc aa +au mvv
3rn knnrn meou These books are yours.
3rn knnrn meou? Are these books yours?
aa uus ovrc os
Whose house is this one? Its mine!, u.u npocro: Mine!
xyvs xavc us uc wau umc +au +au
ue om +ro(-r) Mon!.
nnxy, uro rt nocnmt crapte pyamkn! Bostmn MOH!
I see that you wear old shirts! Take MINE!
a cuu m mv w+o ov.o uimc mor +au
X95
295 294
E HPHMEPL.
My brothers car the car of my brother mamnna moero par`a,
+a opaoc raa o raa OB +a opao parOBa mamnna;
His sisters name the name of his sister nmx ero cecrp`m,
xus cncmos uo+ o uo+ OB xus cncmo cecrpOBo nmx.
3ror npeo.oe of noome ncnontsyercx nx opasonannx
coomeemcmeu romy, uro y nac nastnaercx poumeuoum naexo,
npocro y enxxek-anrnnuan naexoe HE1, nor nm n npnxonrcx
ncnontsonart oxonte mannpt:
Branches of trees Bernn epentEB
opaaum:is oe mpuus (-ee of).
Millions of dollars Mnnnnont, kak Bt ymaere, :eeo?
+n.iouc oe oa.os (onnapOB).
The companies of our Iamily (Te) ]npmt namEH cemtH.
o ra+nouus oe avo q+u.u

NB N 1 (em pas nepnnrect cma nonosnee!).

Bos+oreu n concem yx, kasanoct t, ueeos+orui napnanr
coueranne npenora 'of euaeuoua c 's na konne
(oosnauennoro, npenournrentno, npocro u+eue+ coocmeeuui+)
nnn
npenor 'of npumrame.iuoe +ecmou+euue 2-ro muna
(crp. 292)
n +rom cnyuae nc ntpaxenne npnoperaer ommeuor
ouu us .:
These friends OF JOHNS . 3rn pystx xonA
uus qpouos oe orous
She is a friend OF MINE Ona ona ns MOHX nopyr.
uiu us oqp+uo oe +au
He was a slave OF HERS On tn E paom;
xu wos oc.+e oe xs

3ro HAHE! Its OURS! umc avos

The money is YOURS, and nobody will take it from you!
o+auu us O3 uo uovooou wn. mor um qpo+ mv'
entrn 1BOH, n nnkro ne saepr nx y (or) rex!

OTAHHHLH HPHMEP (n ouent annon !):

Scratch my back, and Ill scratch YOURS !!! Houemn mom
crpm: +a or uo a. crpm: O3 cnnnky,
a x meom!.
To ecrt: Tt mne, x ree!.

PACmHPEHHE BO3MOXHOCTEH
(uyrt oneperamuee moxere nepnyrtcx k nemy n nosnee!).
3 BAXHEHBHX HPEBOIA:
1) Oosnaunrt euaeuoua nnn ntpasnrt omuoueuua
cocmeeuuocmu no-anrnnckn moxno em onnm cnocoom.
B +rom cnyuae HEPE BHAEHBHEM nnn nepe
nceun ero onpeoe.euu+u crannrcx ouent noxoxee na ero
pycckn oreuea.eum nekoe cnoneuko-npeo.oe.
3ro npeo.oe of oe nnn oq,
n emy n pycckom xstke ecrt ny npocro 100 -x napa..e.i
no rontko n nne ue npeo.oea, a cvqqurca -OB-:
FopncOBa mamnna the car OF Boris o raa OB oopuc
OrnOB om the house OF my father o xavc OB +a qaao
Ho ro, uro y pyccknx HPHCOEHHRE1CR r rouuy cnona,
y anrnnuan cmaeumc HEPE cnonom !!!
+
A KBAPTHPA of MOEH MATEPH,
nnn:
The KBAPTHPA of MOEH MATEPH.
H:
297 296
(npnum CAMH +rn " vrasvmuue c.oea
uuroea HE nsmenxmrcx !!!):
HE
SHE
IT
WHO?
xu
uiu
um
xvv
on
ona
ono
Kro?
MANY (X 53)
FEW (X 54)
SEVERAL (X 55)
A LOT OF (X 56)
PLENTY OF (X57)
SUCH (X 21)

THESE
THOSE
++uu
qmv
c+epo.
o.om oe
n.eumu oe
cam:
nus
ovs
unoro
uauo
necxoutxo
unoro
unoro
1axne, 1axnx
n r. .
+1n
1e
H1O n KAK CKHAIBATI:
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
! ! ! ! $ "
$ Hmo " $ HEnsmennnoe Hmoe "
HE IuarouS MANY OHPEEBEHHE CYmECTBHT.S
n p. n p. ns cnonapx
"
KOHKPETHKA: "
! ! ! " ! ! ! ! !
$ " $ "
HE seeS MANY good friendS very often.
She meetS a lot of nice girlS e+pu oqu
It . several . guyS ouent uacro.
Who? few . . .
plenty of
such
these
those
Hepeno nepnoro npnmepa $:
Ou nnH1 MHOIO xopomnx py3EH ...
Hepeno nroporo npnmepa $:
Oua ncrpeuaE1 MHOIO mnntx enymEK ...

2) Hpenor 'BY oa oosnauaer,

KEM nnn HEM uro-ro cenano:
A mistake made BY you.
o+ucm+r +oo BAH mv
Omnka, cenannax TOFOK Tnox omnka.
The house built BY this man om, nocrpoennt
oxavc ou.m BAH uc +u 3THM uEHOBEKOM;

3) Onako kora peut nr o um-nnyt,

uro mt paccmarpnnaem KAK HHC1PVMEH1,
ro ncnontsyre npeo.oe WITH wn
( pycckomy c ...):
To eat soup WITH a Iork Ecrt cyn nnnkOH.
mv uum cvvn wn oqoor
I built it WITH my own hands.
a ou.m um wn +a ovu xuos
nocrponn +ro cnoHMH cocrnennMMH pykAMH.

HOMOmL !
Em ona oa paspaorka em ona epynna anrnncknx cnon,
oennnntx euum npusuaro+:
VKA3VKHHE CHOBA
( cnona-noocrasru),
ro ecrt marue cnona,
koropte yrasmeamm Bam,
umo nyxno enart nocue nnx !!!
HOCHE 12 yrasymuux cnon nnn c.oe-noocrasor
( X 53-57), npnnenntx anee ,
Bt onsanm K rouuy nocneymmero anrnnckoro c.oea
npnannxrt orou:auue (e)S
299 298
A nor BTOPOH HAHPRI,
cosannt rem, uro
Ooueeo cnona ceo n anrnnckom HET !!!
Ho+romy nmecro nero ncera
(n n oasameuoueue nopxke !!!)
ncnontsyre
noxonmee npumrame.iuoe +ecmou+euue,
nnn kak ronopm x
onn ns oasameuoumx onpeoe.ume.e
(cm. crp. 272).
To ecrt aue.osi:uie BCEIA vmo:umm,
HLK reuv ouu .mom nnn HLH uoeu ouu +omm!!!
Btop nyxnoro/noxoxmero npumrame.iuoeo +ecmo-
u+euu oasameuouoeo onpeoe.ume. sanncnr or cyzer-
muoeo mecronmennx, koroptm oosnauaercx oecmevmuee .uo
cyzerm.
To ecrt sect nmeer mecro cneymmax noc1onnnan
np+a (n oopamua!) saeucu+ocmi coomeemcmeue:
I &! MY +a mo
YOU &! YOUR o rno, nam, Bam
HE &! HIS xus ero, eeoui*
SHE &! HER x e
IT &! ITS umc ero eeoui*,
e, eui*
WE &! OUR avo nam
THEY &! THEIR +o nx(-uu*).
* Homnnm, uro +rn cnona (sect n panee) ynorpenent mnom
nx roro, urot vmo:umi snauenne cnon aueuucrux !

KPYTO !!!
Bt yxe cnokono moxere ckasart no-anrnnckn, nanpnmep, cneymmee:
OHA ncrpeuaE1 1AKHX kpacnntx napHEH ouent peko.
SHE meetS SUCH beautiful guyS very seldom.
HLH +uumC cam: omvmuqv. ea3 e+pu c+.oo+
K1O unraE1 HECKOBLKO nnrepecnMX knnI kaxym neenm?
WHO readS SEVERAL interesting bookS every week?
XVV puuo3 C3BP3B numpucmuue ovrC +epu wnur

YCTAHOBOuHIE HPHMEPL/OBPA3HL.
Bcnomnnaem, uro
n uacmoaue epe+euu c rnaronom
nnn HH:eeo HE uaoo enart,
nnn K eeo rouuy nyxno npocro npnannxrt (e)S
nocue He, She, It, Who?
( nocne OuC, OuaC, OuoC, KmoC?),
a rakxe nocue cvuecmeume.iuix n euucmeeuuo uncne
( nocue Mox coakaC):
Kaxtent MM cunraEM namnx kpacnntx coak.
Every day WE COUNT our beautiful dogS.
+epu o+ wn ravum avo omvmuqv. ooe3
Hx(-uue) pystR noK1 ouent rpomko.
Their FRIENDS SING very loudly.
+o qpouo3 cuue e+pu .avo.u
OH uacro unraE1 MHOIO craptx anrnncknx xypnanOB.
HE often readS MANY old English magazineS.
xu oqu puuo3 ++uu ov.o nue.uui +eosuu3
Hama COBAKA kycaE1 ncex Our DOG biteS everyone.
( kaxoro) avo ooe oamC +epuwau

301 300
mox cecrpa moE1 nx, my sister washES them,
+a cncmo wouiH3 o+
x pemonrnpym nx, I fix them,
a qurc o+
a nama mama and our mom
uo avo +o+
cunraE1 entrn. countS money.
ravumC +auu
Y nac ecrt mnoro We have many
wn xe ++uu
nocroxnntx knnenrOB, constant clientS,
roucmoum r.aoumC
nx konnuecrno their quantity
+o rwoumumu
nocroxnno pacr1. constantly growS
roucmoum.u epov3
n eno namero orn`A and our fatherS business
uo avo qaaoC onsuuc
ouent nomoraE1 nam. helpS us very much.
xo.nC ac e+pu +am:

TPETHH HAHPRI.
A nor ceuac, oennnn npoennoe, Bt nayunrect cmpoumo
cnom/Bamy nepnym anrnnckym roucmpyruum!
1 2 3
Mm ronopnm: xouy, utot ou au mne ..
Y uux xe:

1) ue cvoermuoe mecronmenne, a ozermuoe (crp. 272)

(name ou ! him);

HOCKA3KH k npnmepam ":

1) OnC (cm. crp. 290);
1 2 3
2) Moe marep`u knaprnpa.
YCTAHOBOuHIE HPHMEPL / OBPA3HL
H KOHHPOBAHHR n HOPAAHHR:
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
$ " $ "
OH otuno npoa1 mamnnM CBOEIO orn`A. "
HE usually sellS HIS fatherS carS.
xu mvrie.u co.3 xus qaaoC raaC
OHA uacro rnaH1 pykH CBOEIO myx`A.
SHE often strokeS HER husbandS handS.
uiu oqu cmpovrC x xasoouoC xuo3
Mo KO1 ncera nnxE1 CBOH nanM.
My CAT always lickS ITS pawS.
+a rm oo.wos .urC umc noo3
OHH unraK1 CBOH knnrH.
THEY read THEIR bookS o puuo +o ovrC
YCTAHOBOHHLH TEKCT N2
(ncero uepes 20 mnnyr nocne nauana).
Ham oren Our father
avo qaao
nokynaE1 n npoa1 buyS and sellS
oa3 uo co.3
pasnte crapte mamnnM. different old carS.
onqpoum ov.o raaC
Mt nomoraem emy We help him
wn xo.n xu+
303 302
Ho net n sect roxe ronopx no-pycckn!
moxno ncnontsonart cnono ceo, koroporo n anrnnckom uem!
H sect roxe nmeercx noc1onnoe coomeemcmeue
(coornecnre mao.u:rv " c npnmepamn):
Coornercrnymmn emy
Ooermuoe sa+euume.i
mecronmenne: cnona ceo:
me ! my +a
you ! your o
him ! his xus
her ! her x
it ! its umc
us ! our avo
them ! their +o:
xouy, utot ou cen ceo sanrpak.
I want " him to eat his breakfast op+rqocm
"
! ! !
$
Mt xornm, utot ouu ypann ceom kponart.
We want " them to remove their bed.
"
! ! !
$
pu+yve +o ooo

3. HOAT.
(Tpern +ran 30 mnnyr).
3AAHHE: suaro+cmeo em c 70 c.oeecui+u eouuua+u;
HEAL: ocrnxenne nosmoxnocrn ckasart no-anrnnckn
mnnnmym 70-80% roro,
uro mt otuno ronopnm no-pycckn;
BPEMR: eu 30 mnnyr urennx.

HOEEEXABH !!!
2) pyron nopoor c.oe
1 2 ! 2 1
(name . :tooi ou ! him to );

3) emopo (n r..) rnaron ue us+eume,

a oepume ero npao us cuoeapa:
him to give me !!!

3ect nonesno yer cneymmax

Cxema nocmoauumx coomeemcmeu:
1 2 ! 2 1
:tooi a ! me to ueus+eu. rnaron
:tooi mm ! you to
:tooi ou ! him to
:tooi oua ! her to
:tooi ouo ! it to
:tooi m ! us to
:tooi ouu ! them to .
To ecrt ouu ronopxr:
xouy eeo utot oami mne ..
I want him to give me :
xouy, :tooi ouu vexa.n! I want them to leave!
a woum o+ mv .uue
Onnxorxr, :tooi +i rvnu.n +ror crapt om!
"
They want us to buy this old house!
o woum ac mv oa uc ov.o xavc

Takxe 'to moxno npnpannxrt n k namemy uto:

On nnannpyer, uto yey sanrpa.
He plans me to leave tomorrow.
xu n.us +uu mv .uue mo+opov
305 304
262 (crp. 307) cnyuaen HEuseuaeocmu
anrnncknx rnaronon.
HAC1HHM n 3BEMEH1M, nocue koroptx
anrnnckn rnaron HE us+euemc:
HAC1HHM: 3BEMEH1M:
58) ... do ...! ovv
59) ... does ...! oas
60) ... did ...! ouo
61) Do ...? ovv
62) Does ...? oas
63) Did ...? ouo
64) Will ...? wn.
65) ... dont ... ooum
66) ... doesnt ... oasum
67) ... didnt ... ououm
68) ... wont ... woVum
69) Do ...! cu.iui
HPHKA3
70) Dont ...! 3AHPE1
71) CAN ru uout, yue1t
72) COULD rvo c/uor, c/yueu;
c/uor m, c/yueu m
73) MAY +o uoano
74) MIGHT +am nosuoano, ,
uoae1,
75) MUST +acm ouaen
76) OUGHT TOoom mv ouaen m
77) WILL wn. opasonarent
yyu. npemenn
78) SHALL u. ro xe camoe,
no ynorpenxercx
1outxo c 'I n 'We
79) WOULD wvo ... m ...,
c1au m , ... m c1au
80) SHOULD umo ouaen (tn) m,
cueonauo m,
nyano (muo) m
81) NEEDNT uuuoum ne nyano ...,
ne nao ...
82-83) ...d better ... uyume ...
oo+mo
...d rather ... cxopee ...
opaao
PACmHPHTEAL: than u , ueu :
Better than me Hyume, ue x.
o+mo u +uu
$ Tontko ozermuoe mecronmenne !
Bor 29 cnyuaen HEus+eue+ocmu anrnnckoro e.aeo.a.
H sect Bam nyxno ntyunrt 2 rpynnt cnon
34 cnona/eipareuu
34 c.oeecuie eouuui (X58-83 X85-92),
HOCBE koroptx
anrnnckn e.aeo. epnre npnuo ns cuonapn
n noome ero HE nsmenxre !!!

EHHME HPH3HAKH,
u.u
3 HPABHBA HO HEPBOH ! HOIPVHHE cnon!
OHO3HAHHEHmE !!!:
1) B3AHMOHEHPHMEHEHHE
BCE 26 uHEHOB 3TOH (!) HOIPVHHB ( 26 cnon)
HEBL3R YHOTPEFHTI PYI C PYIOM!
To ecrt unent nce +ro nepnon nooepvnni NN 58-83
( 26 cnon)
pyr c pyrom HE ynorpenxmrcx !!!
A k o.e+euma+ ornocnrcx em n sakon
B3AHMOBM1ECHEHHR
ro ecrt onn emmecuamm pyr pyra ( cm. crp. 331);
2) Kpome +roro, caun unent +ro nooepvnni c.oe
noome HE nsmenxmrcx !!!;
3) Hocue BCEX unenon +ro nooepvnni (nocne XX 53-83)
anrnnckn rnaron HE useuaemca !!!!!

X84

H
p
e

n
o
u
m
e
u
u
e

c
r
n
n
x

V
c
u
.
u
m
e
.
i
u
i
e
B
o
n
p
o
c
u
m
e
.
i
u
i
e
307 306
Em 2 cnyuax ueus+eue+ocmu anrnnckoro rnarona:
X27) HPOCLBA nnn HPHKA3 Take this !:
Xouemt no-anrnnckn uro-nnyt nonpocumo nnn npurasamo
orkpo cnonapt, ntepn cnono/rnaron,
n npxmo +1nu cuonou npocu nnn npurasiea,
noome ero HE us+eu !!!.
A. parynknn;

X28) n eocr.uauux n n pumopu:ecrux nonpocax

nocne eonpocume.iuix c.oe:
Heus+euuui rnaron (n BE3 :acmui to !!!!!).
"
Why gamble? wa e+o. A sauem uepami?
cnpamnnaer cama cex K+pn n cepnane Cekc n ontmom
ropoe, nponrpan xa.euvm mryky akcon;

29- cnyua ueus+eue+ocmu anrnnckoro e.aeo.a.

BTOPAR nooepvnna cnon 8 rnaronon (XX85-92),
HOCBE koroptx opveue rnaront HE us+eummc !!!
Takxe nocne +rnx " 8 rnaronon
nepe noc.eovmuu+u rnaronamn
ue uyxuo crannrt :acmuv to !!!
make
let
see
hear
feel
notice
observe
watch
+or
.em
cuu
xno
quu.
uovmuc
oose
wom:
sacrannxrt, npnnyxart
nosnonxrt, paspemart anart
nnert
nycrt
cntmart
uyncrnonart
sameuart
nanmart
cnenrt (sa)
$
Cau xe +rn rnaront
oeym nsmenxrtcx kak yrono !!!
CTPOIOE HAHOMHHAHHE !!!
Bo BCEX +rnx ($) 26 c.v:ax (XX 58-83)
rnaront
u nocne :acmu, u nocne o.e+eumoe
crantre HEH3MEHEHHBMH,
epx nx npxmo ns cnonapx !!!
To ecrt: HE enare noome HHHEIO !!!
Cmorpnre npnmept nnxe!

OHEHL HOAE3HAR OHHHmOPMAHHR:

Tpaouuoua.ucmi nastnamr o.e+eumi +ooa.iui+u
e.aeo.a+u no, npeynpexam +ro nx omnxa, rak kak
y o.e+eumoe HE1 HH ouoeo rnarontnoro npnsnaka !:

1) J.e+eumi (n ornnune or e.aeo.oe !!!)

noome HE useuammca
(ro ecrt k nnm HE npnannxercx HH onoro orou:auu) !!!

2) HH cnena, HH cnpana or o.e+eumoe

(n ornnune or e.aeo.oe !!!)
HE cmaeumca :acmua to !!!

3) Hannune o.e+euma (n anrnnckom npenoxennn)

HE ucrumuaem ueooxoou+ocmu nannunx rnarona !!!

Bc eno n rom, uro 1000 ner nasa

+rn c.oea BMBH rnaronamn no onn nepecmauu nmn trt,
rouno rak xe kak
epeeo, ntpocmee ns ce+e:ra, nepecmam trt ce+e:ro+ !!!!!
Moxere nastnart +rn c.oea +ooa.iui+u o.e+euma+u !!!

Inaront
:vecmeeuuoeo
eocnpumu.

mor uc
}
309 308
YCTAHOBOuHIE HPHMEPL k n. 29 ()
u
uETBPTIH HAHPRI
(! Bama nropax anrnnckax roucmpvru):
nnxy, KAK OH nenyem e pykH
"

Hoc.eovmu. rnaron ue nsmenxercx
"
! ! ! !
"
$ "
"
I see HIM kiss her handS.

! ! ! ! ! !
$ "
"
Mt cntmnm, H1O OHA nom ! "
! We hear HER sing.
(Bvrea.iuo: Mt cntmnm E nert).
H uurarux 'to !!!
3ror uernprt 'Hanpae saknmuaercx (kak nnnre $)
n rom, uro pycckax uacrt +ro roucmpvruu
( , rar ou . nnn . , umo oua )
HE nepenonrcx na anrnnckn ovrea.iuo,
a +1on uacrn pyccko roucmpvruu npocro ncera coornercrnyer
onpeennnoe anrnnckoe ozermuoe mecronmenne
(no HE cvoermuoe, kak n pycckom),
a nmenno,
CXEMA:

Anrnnckoe ozermuoe
! ! ! ! ! ! +ecmou+euue "
$ $ "
..., rar/umo ou ... ! anrnnckoe '... him ...,
a ..., rar/umo oua ... ! anrnnckoe ... her ...,

n r.. !!!
Oxsarentno n cpasy xe ntyunre ece $ +rn 8 rnaronon,
rak kak onn e umo cuyuae nyxnt Bam no xnsnn !!!
HPHMEPL:
BE3 to "
" " ueus+euuuie rnaront
Tt sacmaeuaeuo menx C1PAA1L!
You make me SUFFER!
mv +or +uu caqo
" BE3 to
"
Ona sacrannxem nac HH1L +ro nekapcrno kaxt ent!
She makeS us DRINK this medicin every day!
uiu +orC ac opuur uc ++oucuu +epu o+
" BE3 to
"
He a(ea) emy VH1H! Dont let him GO!
ooum .em xu+ eov
Hoseouo e
a e norannenart! Let her dance .em x oaauc
Inaron Let moxno em npnpannxrt k namemy Hycmo !
(no nocne 'Let nr 1outxo ozermuoe +ecmou+euue,
a ue cvoermuoe, kak n pycckom!):
Hseuuum rnaron HEus+euuui rnaron!
" "
Hycrt ou yxonr! Let him go! .em xu+ eov
Orcma nonyunnoct n ncem nsnecrnoe npue.aueuue r oecmeum
Lets .emc aea(-me) !:
HEus+euuui rnaron Hseuuum rnaron!
" "
Lets dance .emc oaauc aea(-me) norannyem!

311 310
YCTAHOBOHHLE HPHMEPL/OBPA3HL
na :acmui n na o.e+eumi.
NB. Hpnum, yurnre, uro pasumu HAC1HHAMH
mt norasmeae pasuoe BPEMR ecrnnx !!!
Hnn naoopor:
no HAC1HHAM mt euu BPEMR !!!
VCHBH1EBLHME :acmui (do !, does !, did !)
ovv oas ouo
+rnmn :acmua+u
mt noo:prueae+, ycuuueae name ntckastnanne!
(H cmorpnre, kak anrnnckoe do ! ovv
noxoxe na pycckoe a !).

nx HAC1ORHEIO epe+euu:
Anrnnckn rnaron
"
ue us+euu
A nmum xe x rex! = I DO love you!
" a yy .ae mv
"
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
$
HEus+euuui rnaron
"
A paoraem xe on(c)! He DOES work!
" " xu as wr
"
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
$

nx HPOHEHEIO epe+euu:
HEus+euuui rnaron
"
A npnxonBa xe ona! She DID come!
" " " uiu u ra+
"
! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !
$

3ro pycckoe c.oeoco:emauue ( rar oua ) moxer axe

ntrnxert n kak . sa me, rar oua . no no-anrunncxn
+ro nc panno yer npocro! her :
Kaxt ent x uao.moam sa me, rar oua yxonr k pyry.
" "
Every day I watch ! her go to her friend.
+epu oo a wom: x eov mv x qpouo

3HAHHT:
..., rar/umo a ...
..., rar/umo mm/em ...
..., rar/umo ou ...
..., rar/umo oua ...
..., rar/umo m ...
..., rar/umo ouu ...
!
!
!
!
!
!
... me ...
... you ...
... him ...

Inaron
... her ...
ns cnonapx
... us ...
(Bes to !)
... them ...
n HHKAKHX anrnncknx ..., rar ... nnn ..., :mo ...!!!
Fnaroapx +ro $ mpaucqop+auu
Bt nonyuaere momenrantnym nosmoxnocrt
cmpoumi Bamy cneymmym anrnnckym roucmpvrum!!!
Coomam Bam, uro npn mpaouuouuo+ noxoe
oxcnenne nocrpoennx +ro roucmpvruu npecrannxer ns cex
nsnecrnym ( ontmym) cnoxnocrt nx npenoanarenx,
a e vceoeuue ne mentmym cnoxnocrt nx yuamerocx.
HAHOMHHAHHE:
Hocue :acmu n o.e+eumoe
anrnnckne e.aeo.i noome HE us+eume,
a npocro epnre nx npnuo ns cuonapn !!!
H uurarux 'to !!!
"
" "
}
313 312

HPOHEHEE epe+ nokastnaem :acmue Did ?

( oua nx ncex):
?
" HEus+euuui rnaron
DID they work? ? Onn paoraBn?
u o wr

+ 1 nonax :acmua
(Bt e yxe snaere (n) kak o.e+eum !)
nx BVVHEIO epe+euu: WILL ... ? Wn. ... ?:
?
"

HEus+euuui rnaron
WILL he work? ? BVE1 on paorart?
wnu xu wr

"
HEus+euuu. rnaron
WILL my brother live here?
wn. +a opao .ue xno
BVE1 mo par xnrt sect?

YCHAHM !!!
+eo
DO/DOES/DID/WILL you EVER wash your hands?
??? rt xomo roea-uuyo wash ceou pykn?
woui mtrt

KPAHHE BAHO !!!

Onako, ecnn n nonpoce ecrt em
n eonpocume.iuoe cuoeo nnn eipareuue (crp. 315),
ro C nero u naunnan1e nonpoc,
a nyxnym :acmuv crantre
CPA3Y E HOCAE eonpocume.iuoeo c.oea!
To ecrt mt uuueeo ue useuae, a npocro n camom nauane
eu crannm n eonpocume.iuoe c.oeo nnn eipareuue.

KPYTO !!!
Ecnn Bt +1n ae caume :acmui
(Do ?, Does ?, Did ?)
nepenecre e uauauo npenoxennx,
ro onn cranyr
BOHPOCH1EBLHMMH :acmua+u
(nnn kak t eonpocume.iui+u suara+u,
nocrannenntmn u e ua:a.o nonpoca/npenoxennx).
H sect moxe mt +rnmn :acmua+u ue mouoro
ooosua:ae+ cam ]akr eonpoca,
no nmenno uacmuue
mt nokastnaem n BPEMR eonpoca !!!:
NB: Em +rn :acmui moxno npupaeumi k uertpm
anrnncknm 3! nnn Pasee?, nocne koroptx cneyer cau nonpoc!
H nx xaaoro epe+euu cno 3! nnn cno Pasee? !!!

HAC1ORHEE epe+ nokastnaem 2-mx :acmua+u

(Do ? n 'Does ?)
$
nx OnC/onaC/onoC/ mo korC:

Anrnnckn rnaron

A pycckn useuu!
?
"
ueus+euu
"
DO you work? ? Tt paoraeuo ?
yy mv wr
?
"
Anrnnckn HEus+euuui rnaron
DOES she work? ? Ona paoraE1 ?
a3 uiu wr


$
nx
OnC/onaC/onoC/Mo korC

$
Pycckn rnaron
useuu !

$
A pycckn useuu !
315 314
A y uux:
1 2 3
WHEN WILL you return my money?
w+u wn. mv pumu +a +auu

H:
1 2 3
KAK CHBLHO ? rt menx nmnmt?
1 2 3
HOW MUCH DO you love me?
xav +am: ovv mv .ae +uu

CHHCOK 23 BOHPOCH1EBLHMX CAOB

n BBPAEHHH XX 93-112:
NB.
H e umo cnyuae!
nc eonpocume.iuoe mt npocro cepeoae+
e camoe uauauo nonpoca !!!!!

CMOTPHTE:
1 2 3
1) snam e I know her a uov x
A renept uapauueae:
4 1 2 3
2) DO I know her? ? snam e?
H em uapauueae+:

3) WHY DO I know her?
Houey ? x snam e?

To ecrt nc +nemenrapno:
1) eina.u.u eonpocume.iuoe c.oeo (nnn eipareuue);
2) uacmuue norasa.u BPEMR;
3) a antme ueus+euuui+ IHAIOHOM
nepeoaeame CMMCB eonpoca n nc !!!:
1 2 3 ! 1 3
WHERE DO you go now? KVA rt ceuac nHL?
w+o ovv mv eov uav
1 2 3 ! 1 3
WHAT DOES he know? H1O on snaE1?
wom oas xu uov
1 2 3 ! 1 3
HOW DID you do that? KAK rt +ro cenaB?
xav ou mv ovv m
1 23
KOIA rt BEPHHL mon entrn?
Kro?
Koro?
ue?
Ie? Kya?
Orkya?
uro? uero...? Kako?
3auem? nx uero? 3a uro?
Kaknm opasom? Kak?
Koropt (ns)? Kako (ns)?
Kakoro rnna ... ?
Kakoro nnera...?
Kora?
Houemy? 3auem?
Kak?
a kak (xe) ... !?
Kak onro ... ?
Ckontko (c:umae+oeo)?
Ckontko (HEc:umae+oeo)?
Kak uacro?
... xort kora-nnyt ... ?
... kora yrono ...
Who?
Whom? Who?
Whose?
Where?
Where from?
What?
What for?
In what way?
Which (of)?
What kind of ... ?
What color ... ?
When?
Why?
How?
How come ... ?
How long?
How many?
How much?
How often?
... ever ... ?
xvv?
xvv+? xvv?
xvvs?
w+o?
w+o qpo+?
wom?
wom qoo?
uu wom w+?
wnm: (on)?
wom rauo oe ... ?
wom ra.o?
w+u?
wa?
xav?
xav ra+ ... ?
xav .oue ... ?
xav ++uu?
xav +am:?
xav oqu?
... +eo ... ?
Btpaxenne Kak, Kaknm opasom nmeer eme napnanr
In what manner? uu wom +uo?
}
5 4 1 2 3
317 316
HOAHLH ATAC !!!
Ecnn K +1nu xe caumu :acmua+
(Do, Does, Did n Will)
npuoaeumi pycckoe
He(m) anrnnckomy 'NoT ! NT,
ro onn npenpamamrcx!
n :acmui
O1PHHA1EBLHME ( pycckomy ... ue ... ) !!!

To ecrt renept mt nmeem 4 anrnncknx ... ue ...,

nocue koroptx
cau rnaron 1oae noome HE us+euemc,
a eprcx npnuo ns nmoro cuonapn !
H sect 1oae omu+u (4-mx) pasnmun anrnncknmn ue
mt yem norasieami pasnoe BPEMR ompuauu !!!,
nnn xe
no omu+ ue mt yem nnert BPEMR
ompuauu !!!!!

Ecrt
2 ue nx HAC1ORHEIO epe+euu
ooum oasum
( dont n doesnt):
" HEus+euuui rnaron
HE unraP I DONT read. "
a oum puuo "
H: "
OnC/onaC/onoC HE snaE1 He/she/it DOESNT know.
xu/uiu/um a3um uov

3AHOMHHTE
em 3 ononnnrentntx eonpocume.iuix eipareuu
ua yrpaueuua Bame aue.ope:u:
1) a kak rt cmeemt ...? How dare you ...?
xav o+o mv ...
a kak rt cmeemt ockopnxrt e?
How dare you insult her?
xav o+o mv uuca.m x
Coomeemcmeeuuo:
a kak on cmeE1 ...? How dareS he ...? ... o+os ...
2) Tt t (ne) xoren/-a ... ? Would you like to ... ?
Tt ne npornn ...? wvo mv .ar mv ...
Tt t ne xorena norn co mnom?
Would you like to come with me?
wvo mv .ar mv ra+ wn +uu
3) Tt ne npout ... ? Do you care to ... ?
ana, ..! ovv mv reo mv ...
ana, norannyem! Do you care to dance?
Tt ne npout norannenart? ovv mv reo mv oaauc
Coomeemcmeeuuo:
A on/-a ne npout ...? DoeS s/he care to ...?
Hocne +mux $ eipareuu 1oae npocro crantre
IHAIOH H3 CHOBAP,
HE nsmenxx ero!

319 318
CTKOE YCAOBHE HPABHHIHOCTH !!!
B anrnnckom npenoxennn n umou epe+euu
moxer trt 1outxo ono ompuauue!!!:
HE unram knnr I read NO books.
a puuo uov ovrc
H.u: I DONT read books a ooum puuo ovrc
H.u: I DONT read ANY book/s a ooum puuo +uu ovr/c
$ $
He uurarux
Ho n anrnnckom ecrt cnona,
koropte cpasy xe coornercrnymr
namnm eoum ompuauu+ (XX 113-117):
HHKOIA, HHKOIA HE ... NEVER u+eo
HHKTO, HHKTO HE ... NOBODY uovooou
nnn: NO ONE uovwau
HHuTO, HHuTO HE ... NOTHING uauue
HHIE, HHIE HE ...
NOWHERE uovwoo
HHKYA, HHKYA HE ...
1 2 12
HHKOIA HE pemct I NEVER shave.
a u+eo uiee
1 2 12
HHKOIA HE ymeu nnanart I could NEVER swim.
a rvo u+eo cwn+
1 2 12
HHKOIA HE nonmnm rex I will NEVER love you.
a wn. u+eo .ae mv
1 2 12
HE nnxy HHKOIO I see NOBODY a cuu uovooou
1 2 12
On HE nmeer HHHEIO He has NOTHING xu xs uauue
V nero HHHEIO HE1.

1 ue
nx HPOHEHEIO epe+euu ( didnt ououm):
HEus+euuui rnaron "
Amon CVB1EKT HE nneB/-a/-o/-n ... DIDNT see.
uum cuu

H 1 ue
nx BVVHEIO epe+euu
(willnot ! WONT wovum):
HEus+euuui rnaron "
Amon CVB1EKT HE Vnnnr ... WONT see.
... ue yem euoemi woVum cuu

Em pas npocmorpnre nce :acmui $ n yenrect n rom, uro

no HAC1HHAM mt moxem nnert BPEMR ecrnnx,
nnn xe n rom, uro
HAC1HHAMH mt nokastnaem BPEMR ecrnnx !!!

CHHIHOE HPHKA3AHHE
u 3AHPET
moxe opasymrcx +rnmn uacmuuau:

Pycckn

Anrnnckn
" useuuum rnaron " ueus+euuui rnaron
A nakaxn xe ero!!! DO punish him!!!
yy nauuui xu+
" HEus+euuui rnaron
HE nakastna ero! DONT punish him!
oum nauuui xu+

}
321 320
HE ronopn emy HHHEIO ! DONT tell him ANYTHING !
ooum mo. xu+ +uuuue

OHEHL BAHO
u HHTEPECHO
Bcnomnnm, uro anrnnckne onpeoe.ume.u n onpeoe.euu
HE nsmenxmrcx
uu no pooa+, uu no naoera+, uu no :uc.a+ !!!
A renept cnona npomy Bac oparnrt ocooe nnnmanne
na onn ns oasameuoumx onpeoe.ume.e
na yxe snakomoe Bam cnoneuko
ANY +uu BKBOH, KAKOH VIOHO,
nontsyxct koroptm
Bt moxere nonnocrtm satrt o apmur.e !!!:
mory ocrart BKBVK knnry I can get ANY book.
a ru eom +uu ovr

NB !
Onako n ompuuameuoumx npenoxennxx
ANY yxe snaunr HHKAKOH,
n ono ouent ycuuueaem Bame anrnnckoe ntckastnanne:
HE unram HHKAKHX knnr I DONT read ANY books.
a ooum puuo +uu ovrc
HHKOIA HE nomy HHKAKOIO entx.
I NEJER wear ANY underwear.
a u+eo w+o +uu auoowoo

H n eonpocumeuoumx npenoxennxx
ANY roxe upesntuano k mecry!
1 2 12
HE (no-)mn HHKVA I went NOWHERE.
a w+um uovwoo
1 2 12
HE ronopn emy HHHEIO! Tell him NOTHING!
mo. xu+ uauue

3HAHTE, uro:
1) NO NOT (u.u NT) ANY;
2) BCE ompuauu nocue nepnoro
oosnauamrcx n anrnnckom npenoxennn
cnonom 'ANY +uu
nnn anycoepxamnmn cnonamn (XX 118-122 crp. 323):
KTO VIOHO ANYBODY +uuooou
nnn: ANYONE +uuwau
uTO VIOHO ANYTHING +uuuue
IE VIOHO
ANYWHERE +uuwoo
KYA VIOHO
KOIA VIOHO ANYTIME +uuma+

CPABHHTE u 3A3YBPHTE!
Ho+romy, ecnn Bt ncnontsyere ony ns ompuame.iuix :acmu,
ro antme +ro onxno ntrnxert yxe no1 1ax "
(n coornecnre +rn 4 npnmepa c npetymnmn):
HE nnxy HHKOIO I DONT see ANYBODY.
a ooum cuu +uuooou
On HE nmeer HHHEIO He DOESNT have ANYTHING.
V nero HHHEIO HE1 xu oasum xe +uuuue
HE (no-)mn HHKVA I DIDNT go ANYWHERE.
a ououm eov +uuwoo
}
323 322
OBOIAmEHHE.
3anomnnre em neckontko nonesnemnx cnon c ANY:
ANYHOW +uuxav kak yrono
ANYWAY +uuwo kak t ro nn tno, n umou cnyuae
ANYTIME +uuma+ kora yrono, n umoe npemx:
nay rex e umo cuyuae! Ill find you anyway !
a. qauo mv +uuwo
('I`ll ... a. & 'I will ...).

3YBPHTE HE CTECHBBCB !!!!!

YCTAHOBOuHIE HPHMEPL/OBPA3HL
HA 3BEMEH1M ( ueus+euuuie rnaront).
!!!!! Hocue o.e+eumoe nepe rnaronom
ue cmaeumca :acmua to !!!
(Horomy uro o.e+eumi ue aeuammca nepei+u rnaronamn !):
HEus+euuui rnaron " H es 'to
MOIV/VMEK nnanart I CAN swim a ru cwn+
HEus+euuui rnaron " H es 'to
C/MOI cenart +ro I COULD do it a rvo ovv um
HEus+euuui rnaron " H es 'to
MHE* MOHO pnconart I* MAY draw a +o opoo
Bes 'to " HEus+euuui rnaron
On, BO3MOHO, npnr He MIGHT come xu +am ra+
HEus+euuui rnaron " H es 'to
Mt OBHM sannarnrt We MUST pay wn +acm no
Ho n eonpocax
ANY yxe snaunr (XO1L) KAKOH-HHBVL:
Tt unraemt (XO1L) KAKHE-HHBVL anrnnckne knnrn?
?Do you read ANY English books?
ovv mv puuo +uu nue.uui ovrc

A nor renept cuo1pn1e:

ecnn Bt n Bame anrnnckoe npenoxenne eoomuuume
ompuame.iuvm nnn eonpocume.iuvm :acmuv,
no1ou emvq.:ume ANY,
a n xonen Bamero anrnnckoro npenoxennx em n
ecauoa.ume eipareuiue at all eoooue-mo,
moo. coece+,
ro Bam anrnnckn (c roukn spennx nocroponnnx !!!)
moxno cunrart, uro cocroxncx !!!
(Tontko opamare ononnnrentnoe nnnmanne
na pasuuuy n nopxke cnon!):
HE cunram HHKAKHX coak COBCEM!
I DONT count ANY dogs AT ALL!
a ooum ravum +uu ooes moo.
Tt nmeemt ...?
Y rex ecrt XO1L KAKHE-HHBVL entrn BOOBHE?
?DO you have ANY money AT ALL?
ovv mv xe +uu +auu moo.
Ona BOOBHE XO1L KAKHE-1O anrnnckne knnrn unraer?
? DOES she read ANY English books AT ALL?
oas uiu puuo +uu nue.uui ovrc moo.

325 324
HEus+euuui rnaron " H es 'to
On BM npnexan sanrpa He WOULD come tomorrow.
xu wvo ra+ mo+opov
" HEus+euuui rnaron, H es 'to
Ona C1ABA BM nrp"art, ecnn t (ona) nmeua xort kakne-ro entrn.
She WOULD play if she had any money.
uiu wvo n.o uq uiu xo +uu +auu
Ona BM ., ec.u oi v ue muu .
HAM* moxno nnanart n +rom accene nent ent.
WE* may swin in this pool all day long.
wn +o cwn+ uu uc nvv. oo. oo .oue
" HEus+euuui rnaron, n es 'to
EMV* BM CBEOBABO nane"mart cnonx ponrene kaxym neenm.
HE* SHOULD visit his parents every week.
xu umo ensum xus n+opoumc +epu wnur
HEus+euuui rnaron " H es 'to
EH* HE HVHO/ HE HAO pacc"rpannartcx!
SHE* NEEDNT be upset!
uiu uuuoum ouu anc+m
Houemy HM* HE HVHO yesxart sanrpa?
Why NEEDNT THEY* leave tomorrow?
wa uuuoum o .uue mo+opov
* Oparnre nnnmanne na anrunncxne npenoxennx n uertpx
nocnennx npnmepax n nnx eecmo ooermuix mecronmenn
ncnontsymrcx mecronmennx cyzermume
n rak ncera!
Cmorpnre 1-e Basoeoe npaeu.o paevuruua (crp. 329) !

Ona BM OBHA nrpart na ynnne

HEus+euuui rnaron " H es 'to
She OUGHT TO play in the street.
uiu oom mv n.o uu ocmpnum
HEus+euuui rnaron " H es 'to
Onn BVV1 erart They WILL run o wn. pau
Onn HOeryr
Oparnre nnnmanne:
rnaron be ouu mmo +ro rako xe rnaron,
kak n nce ocrantnte rnaront,
n ero yyuee epe+ opasyercx
rouno rak xe kak n y ncex pyrnx rnaronon:
1 cnono ! 2 cnona
BVV ram I WILL BE there a wn. onu +o
To ecrt: I will be yy (mmo)
I will read yy uumamo
I will write yy nucamo
I will have yy uemo/V menx yem ,
n r..
HEus+euuui rnaron "
/mt BVV/BVEM ecrt I/we SHALL eat a/wn u. uum
/mt HOe+/HOeou+

NB !
Shall we ? moxer em oosnauart
n ouent nexnnnoe npue.aueuue r oecmeum:
u. wn eov mvo+o ono
SHALL we go to bed, dear? ana, npuuaxe, oporax!
A ue npuueuo nn nam, oporo?

327 326
Onako, ecnn n nonpoce
ecrt em n eonpocumeuouoe cuoeo nnn eipareuue,
ro C ueeo n uauuuame nonpoc,
a o.e+eum crantre
CPA3Y E HOCBE eonpocume.iuoeo c.oea:
1 2 3
KOIA rt c/MOEHL nepnyrt mon entrn?
Ho:
1 3 2
WHEN CAN you return my money?
w+u ru mv pumu +a +auu

Hpn ompuuauuu
roxe paoomamm CAMH o.e+eumi,
n anrnnckoe HE(r) 'NOT
nno cueye1 cpasy xe 3A o.e+eumo+,
nno npncoennne1cn K nemy
n cnoe corpauuuo qop+e NT nor n nce!!!:
Mt HE OBHM nnarnrt We MUST NOT pay.
wn +acm uom no
On BM HE npnexan sanrpa He WOULDNT come tomorrow.
xu wvoum ra+ mo+opov
Ona HE C1ABA BM nrpart, ecnn t (ona) nmena xort kakne-ro entrn.
She WOULDNT play if she had any money.
uiu wvoum n.o uq uiu xo +uu +auu
EMV* BM HE CBEOBABO nanemart e rak uacro!
HE* SHOULDNT visit her so often!
xu umoum ensum x cov oqu

* Cmorpnre 1-e Basoeoe npaeu.o paevuruua (crp. 329) !

BOHPOCL n O1PHHAHHR
c 3BEMEH1AMH.
J.e+eumi n eonpocume.iuie n ompuame.iuie :acmui
xnnxmrcx unenamn ono rpynnt
no+romy nx nmecre ncnontsonart HEBL3R
( B3AHMOHEHPHMEHEHHE) !!!
Kpome +roro, net nocne :acmu onxnt nrn e.aeo.i,
a o.e+eumi +ro HE rnaront ...
Ho+romy u nonpoct, u ompuauu oe.ammc
CAMHMH 3BEMEH1AMH
BE3 no+ouu
eonpocume.iuix n ompuame.iuix :acmu !!!
B nonpoce Bt (rouno kak no-pycckn !!!) npocro crantre
o.e+eum n uauauo npenoxennx,
ro ecrt uauuuame nonpoc c o.e+euma !!!
Bt moxere nsxrt umon ns Vcmauoeo:uix npu+epoe (crp. 323)
n npeepamumi umon npnmep n nonpoc:
1 2 3 ! 2 1 3 2 1 3
I* MAY draw ! MAY* I* draw? MOHO* mne* pnconart?
He MIGHT come ! MIGHT he come?
BO3MOHO .u, uro on npnr?
1 2 3 ! 2 1 3
We MUST pay ! MUST we pay? OBHM mt
sannarnrt?
n r. .
ro ecrt Bt npocro nepeoe! cnono enaere! emopm,
a emopoe! nepem
329 328
3 FA3OBIX HPABHBA PAIVHKHHA:
1) B npannntnom n nouuo anrnnckom npenoxennn
BCEIA npncyrcrnyer CVB1EK1
(ro ecrt 'mom, rmo enaer).
Cvoerm moxer oosnauartcx n mecronmennem,
no TOHBKO koneuno xe! CVB1EK1HBM
( I, you, he, she, it, we, they).
HO3TOMY cornacno Hpaeuuy paeyuruua X1 ($)
c o.e+euma+u may, should n neednt nyxno/moxno
ncnontsonart
1outxo anrnnckne CVB1EK1HME mecronmennx
(xorx, ronopx no-pycckn, +i n +rnx cnyuaxx
nontsyemcx mecronmennxmn ooermui+u!):
MHE MOHO nnrt nnno ! I MAY drink beer.
a +o opuur ono
" Eeouvm (yrounxmr, uom?)
EMV CBEVE1 nomtrt cnom mamnny.
HE SHOULD wash his car.
xu umo woui xus raa
HAM HE HVHO yesxart ! WE NEEDNT leave.
wn uuuoum .uue
To ecrt sect 1oae cymecrnyer
oxsarentnoe nocmoauuoe coomeemcmeue
mexy namnmn ooermui+u, n uxuu+u cyzermui+u
mecronmennxmn!
To ecrt "
Pycckne . nepexoxr n! Anrunncxne :
Mue xouercx ! I want.
Teoe xouercx ! You want.
E+v xouercx ! He wants.
E xouercx ! She wants.
NB 1. Ecnn 'NO

T cronr ueuuro ( ue corpauuuo)

n, coornercrnenno, omeuouo,
ro VAPEHHE naaer HA HEIO !!!;

NB 2. BOHPOCM c yuacrnem o.e+eumoe

moxno saanart n ompuuameuoumu qop+a+u o.e+eumoe:
COULDNT you do this for me?
rvoum mv ovv uc qoo +uu
HE MOI BM rt cenart +ro nx menx?

COKPAmHHLE ompuame.iuie qop+i o.e+eumoe:

CANT rum, raaum ue mory ..., ue ymem ...;
$ Txnvvvrt nyxno onsa1eutno!!!
COULDNT
MAYNT
MIGHTNT
MUSTNT
OUGHTNT to
SHANT
WONT*
WOULDNT
SHOULDNT
rvoum
+oum
+amum
+acmum
oomum mv
unaum
wovum*
wvoum
umoum
ue mor (t) ..., ue ymen ...;
ue cmor (t)..., ue cymen (t)...;
uentsx ...;
ue morno ..., ue moxer ...;
ue onxen ...;
ue onxen tn t ...;
ue yy, ue ye;
ue y... (oo ecex);
... t ue ..., ue cran t ...,
t ue cran ...;
ue cneonano t ...,
ue cneyer ...,
ue nyxno (tno) t ...,
ue onxen (tn) t ...
* 3ect ecrt ona manentkax onacuocmi nx pycckoro yxa
cnono 'wont woVum ue y. nx mnornx pyccknx
snyunr nnn ntrnxnr
ouent noxoxe na cnono 'want woum xomemo
npocro ytre nnnmarentnee, +ro pasume cnona .:
I won't want him to . ue saxouy, utot on .

331 330

HAHOMHHAHHE.
Byyuee epe+ ncex rnaronon opasyercx npn nomomn o.e+eumoe
'will n 'shall:
I SHALL stav here in any case!
a u. cmo xno uu +uu roc
OC1AHVCL sect n nmom cnyuae!
She WILL be there.
uiu wn. ouu +o
Ona BVE1 ram.

XHTPOYMHOCTL AHIHOB3BUHBX.
OBXO sakonon B3AHMOHEHPHMEHEHHR
n/nn B3AHMOBM1ECHEHHR o.e+eumoe.
Hs ckasannoro na crp. 304 cneyer, uro no-anrnnckn xkot
neutsn ckasart, nanpnmep, Coey, rak kak norasame.u/ oopaso-
eame.u yyueeo epe+euu o.e+eumi will n 'shall rak xe
kak n cnona, nanpnmep,
can +o:i, may +oruo n 'must oo.reu
xnnxmrcx unenamn ono rpynnt +ueeumau,
n no+romy pyr c pyrom HE coueramrcx !
Aue.osi:uie camn sarnann cex n rynnk
no camn xe n namnn ns nero
npocro n rennantnt ntxo!
Onn npocro npenpa1nun 4 nyxntx nm +ueeuma
n! 5 ruarouon,
ro ecrt comeopu.u nx o.e+eumoe cnnonnmt nnn
empaxeuua-yupm
(koropte nyxno sanomnnrt ueuuro)!
E+v/e (o xyke) ! It wants.
Ha+ xouercx ! We want.
Ba+ xouercx ! You want.
H+ xouercx ! They want;
2) B npannntnom anrnnckom npenoxennn
BCEIA npncyrcrnyer IAAIOA
n umon qop+e
(cm. rakxe crp. 337).
HO3TOMY cornacno Hpaeuuy paeyuruua X2 ($)
no-anrnnckn uyxuo ronopnrt nouuocmom:
Mt HAXOHMCR n necy (a HE Mt n necy)!
We ARE
12 1 2
Mt BVEM ram We WILL BE there n 1outxo rak !!!
J.e+eum$ $ Inaron
Horomy uro e.aeo.
onsa1eutno oo.reu npucvmcmeoeami
n anrnnckom npenoxennn,
a net 'will HE rnaron, a o.e+eum !!!;

3) Ha uaeeueuuoe ue uaeeuuea !!!.

To ecrt, ecnn Bt yae npnannnn k cnony ono orou:auue,
ro ontme k +romy cnony
npnannxrt yxe HHHEIO HEAL3R !!!
(Ho k +1ouy npaeu.v ecrt 3 oono.ueuu cm. crp. 352 n 354).
3ro Hpannno N3 o:eui cnntno nomoxer Bam
npn paore co cmeneu+u cpaeueuu (crp. 394).

333 332
BL3YBPHTE !!!
Cnona 0OPMM rnarona BE ouu
mmo, aeuamoca; uaxoumoca (XX 123-127),
oxsarentnte nx ynorpenennx n anrnncknx npenoxennxx ( crp. 337):
TAFHHHA HPEBPAHEHHH.
3BEMEH1M ! IAAIOAL: 3HAHEHHR:
1) CAN !
2) MAY !
2 a) MAY NO

T
3) MUST !
~ !
4) NEEDNT !
NB!
Oparnre ocooe nnnmanne na ne nepnte sa+eui
n nnx aue.osi:uie ]akrnueckn
nmecro +o:i ronopxr oimi n cocroxnnn
( be able to ),
a nmecro +oruo ronopxr oimi paspemnntm .
( be allowed to ).
$

Hseuaeaa

cocmae.mua !!!

BE able to ... MOuI, YMETI

uu +o. mv ...
BE allowed to ... MOXHO ...
uu o.avo mv ...
BE NO

T allowed to ... HEHI3 ...

uu uom o.avo mv
HAVE to ... xe mv ... OHXEH ...
BE to ... uu mv ... OHXEH ...
Dont/doesnt/didnt/wont NEED to

$
3rnmn uacmuuau mt nokastnaem BPEMR
AM +
ARE aa
IS us
WAS*

wos
WERE*

w
WILL BE

wn. onu
(x) ecrt, xnnxmct, naxoxyct ynorpenxercx
mouoro c I;
ecrt, xnnxemtcx, naxonmtcx; ynorpenxercx
ecrt, xnnxemcx, naxonmcx; mouoro c
ecrt, xnnxerect, naxonrect; you, we, they
ecrt, xnnxmrcx, naxoxrcx; nnn
c cymecrnnrentntmn
no uoxecmeeu. :uc.e;
ecrt, xnnxercx, naxonrcx ynorpenxercx
mouoro c he, she, it
nnn c cymecrnnrentntmn
n euucmeeuuo :uc.e;
tn, xnnxncx, naxonncx ynorpenxercx
mouoro c I, he, she, it,
nnn c cymecrnnrentntmn
n euucmeeuuo :uc.e;
tnn, xnnxnnct, naxonnnct ynorpenxercx
mouoro c you, we, they
nnn c cymecrnnrentntmn
no uoxecmeeuuo :uc.e;
yy/yemt/yer/yem/yere/yyr xnnxrtcx/
naxonrtcx;
yy/yemt/yer/yem/yere/yyr
re+-mo, :e+-mo nnn eoe-mo.
* Cnona was n were xnnxmrcx rak nastnaemtmn
2-un qop+a+u qop+a+u npoueueeo npemenn
anrnnckoro rnarona be oimi.
Ynorpenxercx co nceun mecronmennxmn n cvoerma+u.

$

0opau be n have no ecex +rnx cnyuaxx
yem norasieami epea !
335 334
A o npeepaueuux N3 (crp. 332) moxno ckasart n rak:
ecnn nocne rnaronon have n be mt nocrannm :acmuv to mv,
ro OBA +rnx rnarona naunnamr snaunrt OBEH !!!:
On OBEH nrn He HAS TO go xu xs mv eov
OBEH nrn I AM TO go a + mv eov
What AM I TO do? uro x OBEH enart?
wom + a mv ovv
opeunno cnpamnnaer Kurt Russel
n amepnkanckom ]nntme Pemenne ynnuroxnrt:
BE ouu m1t, nnun1tcn, naxon1tcn,
HAVE xe nue1t,
a BE to / HAVE to ... ouaen ....
Btyunre 0OPMM rnaronn 'be n 'have,
crpynnnponannte mnom no epe+eua+,
rak kak u+euuo uu Bt n yere norasieami BPEMR:

nx HPOHEHEIO npemenn
( 2-e qop+i !!!):
WAS/ WERE; HAD;
wos w xo

nx HAC1ORHEIO npemenn:
AM / IS / ARE; HAVE/ HAS;
+ us aa xe xs

nx BVVHEIO npemenn:
WILL BE; WILL HAVE.
wn. onu wn. xe

Tenept (ro ecrt nocne npeepaueuu) +rn tnmne o.e+eumi

(nepnee, nx cuuouu+i) oeym us+eumic n ncnontsonartcx
rak, rar Bam/nam +ro nyxno n ee Bam/nam +ro nyxno, noromy uro
n nnx noxnnnact/ecrt useuaeaa uacrt
rnaront BE n 'HAVE!
HPHMEPL/OBPA3HL:
1 2
Mne oxuo BMBO nnanart 2 1
I WAS + allowed TO swim.
a wos o.avo mv cwn+
$
ouxeu BMB yexart I HAD TO leave .uue
$ Kak nnnre,
2-mn qopau rnaronon 'be n 'have
mt nokastnaem BPEMR ecrnnx $ !!!
(2-e qop+i npoueuee npemx!).
3rn uoeie rnaront camn (no ue nx qop+i)
moryr k romy xe cnokono couerartcx
c AKBLM o.e+eumo+:
12 1 2
Coey erart I WILL BE able TO run.
a wn. ouu +o. mv pau
2 1 1 2
On ouxeu BVE1 yexart He WILL HAVE to leave.
xu wn. xe mv .uue
Emy BM PA3PEHHBH nonnanart, ecnn t ...
He WOULD BE ALLOWED TO swim if ...
xu wvo ouu o.avo mv cwn+ uq ...

J.e+eum
$ $
HEus+euuui rnaron
$

337 336
AEHTRHCKOE HPABHAO X2
( Basonoe Hpaeuuo paeyuruua X2) rnacnr, uro
B KAOM npannntnom n nonnom anrnnckom npenoxennn
(n ornnune or pvccroeo npenoxennx)
uauuuue HRFOIO IBAIOBA
n umon qop+e xnnxercx oasameuoueuu !!!
(H rnarona BE nnn nepnee, ero qop TOXE !
On uro, xyxe pyrnx rnaronon, uro nn?).
To ecrt aue.oeoeopuu HE ckasan t, nanpnmep:
n necy!.
On oasameuouo ckasan t ueuuro:
HAXOVCL n necy I AM in the forest.
a + uu o qopucm
Bvrea.iuo: EC1L n necy
n TOALKO rak !!!

YCTAHOBOHHLE HPHMEPL/OBPA3HL
(n nomnnm, uro nx roro, urot voerami or apmur.,
moxno/nyxno nepe cymecrnnrentntmn nnn nepe ux onpeoe-
.euu+u ynorpenxrt ouu us 18 ocrantntx
onpeoe.ume.e):
3ro nonnte n npannntnte npenoxennx,
rak kak n nnx ecrt
u rnaron, u onpeoe.ume.i !!!
" "
% ror ent cnon I AM that white elephant.
a M m wam +.uqoum
Ona % nama mart She IS our mother.
uiu H3 avo +ao
Bor +rnmn-ro qopau $ (C npnannenno :acmue
to mv) Bt n yere nokastnart,
KOIA mt OHHB ...,
BMBH OHHB ...
nnn BVEM OHHB ...,
a rakxe
KOIA mt C-+ore+
nnn KOIA nam BVE1 moxno !!!
3ro n ecrt euucmeeuuaa n ouent earua qvuru
+rnx qop+ !!!

HOCKA3KA.
Tam, re n sa+euume.e ecrt be samenxre eeo qop+i
(am, is, are, was, were, will be),
ram xe, re n sa+euume.e ecrt have (must have to),
oeeame no epeeua qop+a+u have
(have, has, had, will have) !!!

Anrnnckn rnaron to be rak xe, kak n ero pycckn coopam

rnaron m rt ( noxorecmi uaooopom !) oosnauaer
ecmonouoxeuue :e.oeera nnn npeo+ema n +rom mnpe
(ne naxno coua.iuoe, ro ecrt K1O +ror ...?,
nnn eeoepaqu:ecroe ro ecrt IE +ror ...?),
a rakxe nepear ero CV1L
cy1t .ua, npeo+ema, noumu nnn e.euu.
B pycckom npenoxennn naunune rnarona
(n rom uncne n rnarona oimi)
ne ncera oxsarentno
(nanpnmep: R rpacuea nnn R e uecy re ryr rnaront?).
Tora kak (ncnomnnre!)
339 338
BOHPOCM c yuacrnem qop+ be
moxno saanart n ompuuameuoumu qop+a+u be:
ISNT she lovely? (Pasne) Ona HE ( ecmo) xopomentkax?.
usum uiu .ae.u (Hs necnn Crnnn Yan+pa).

NB!
Onako, ecnn n nonpoce
ecrt em n eonpocumeuouoe cuoeo nnn eipareuue,
ro nmenno C nero n naunnan1e nonpoc,
a qop+v be (umym) crantre
CPA3Y E HOCAE BOHPOCHTEHBHOIO CHOBA:
1 2 1 2
WHO ARE you? KTO (EC1L) rt?
xvv aa mv
WHERE IS this tree? IE HAXOH1CR +ro epeno?
w+o us uc mpuu
WHEN WAS she there? KOIA BMBA ona ram?
w+u wos uiu +o

Hpn O1PHHAHHH
roxe paoomamm CAMH qop+i be,
n anrnnckoe HE(r) 'NOT
nno cueye1 cpasy xe 3A qop+o be (e.uro+),
nno npncoennne1cn K ne
n cnoe corpauuuo qop+e NT nor n nc !!!
Bor cnncok COKPAmHHLX qop+ rnaronon 'be n 'have,
n rom uncne n n ompuame.iuo qop+e
Not nocne 'am ncera crannrcx omoe.iuo n e.uro+:
Im not a+ uom ue xnnxmct ..., ue naxoxyct ...):
Bt HE upnte komkn You ARE NO black cats.
mv AA HOV o.r rmc
/on/ona/ono BMB/-a/-o ram I/he/she/it WAS there +o
Mt/nt/onn/komkn BMBH ram We/you/they/cats WERE there.
/rt/on/ona/ono/mt/nt/onn/cnont BVV1 ram
... WILL BE there.

J.e+eum
$ $
Inaron

BOHPOCM n O1PHHAHHR
oe.ammc CAMHMH qop+a+u rnarona 'be
BE3 yuac1nn
eonpocume.iuix n ompuame.iuix :acmu.
Kpome +roro, net nocne :acmu onxnt nrn
camn ueus+euuuie e.aeo.i, a HE nx qop+i ...

B BOHPOCE Bt npocro crantre qop+v be

n nauauo npenoxennx,
ro ecrt C ne n naunnan1e eonpoc !!!
Bt moxere nsxrt umon ns Vcmauoeo:uix npu+epoe ($)
n npeepamumi umon npnmep n! eonpoc:
1 2 ! 2 1
I AM that white elephant ! AM I that white elephant?
You ARE NO black cats ! ARE you NO black cats?
I/he/she/it WAS there ! WAS ... there?
We/you/they/cats WERE there! ! WERE ... there?
1 2 3 2 1 3
... WILL BE there! ! WILL ... BE there?
$
Amon cvoerm/mecronmenne
341 340
Ho+romy, ecnn nepe cvuecmeume.iui+ nnn nepe EIO
onpeoe.euu+u Bt nocrannnn 'NO,
ro uuraru pyrnm ompuauu+ mecra yxe uem !!!
Ecnn xe Bt pemnnn ncnontsonart
onee ynnnepcantnoe 'NOT/NT
(n nmo ero qop+e &,
n rom uncne n, nanpnmep, n cnoneukax isnt, dont n r. n.),
ro pekomenym n sect ecauoa.umi sameuarentnoe 'ANY,
u nx roro, urot onxrt xe voerami or apmur.,
u nx roro, urot ouent yrpacumo n uumeucuquuupoeamo
Bame aue.ontckastnanne:
HE (aeuamco) momennnk(-o+)!
IM NO crook! I AM NOT ANY crook! rpvr
$
HHKA$KOH x HE momennnk!
NOT moxno ncnontsonart nepe pasntmn uacrxmn peun:
Im NOT there! HE ram!
a+ uom +o
She is NOT ugly! Ona HE crpamnax!
uiu us uom ae.u

YCTAHOBOHHLH TEKCT N3
(ncero uepes 55 mnnyr nocne nauana urennx!):
Youre not
mvp uom
Hes not
xus uom
Shes not
uius uom
Its not
umc uom
Were not
wnp uom
Theyre not
op uom
... was not
wos uom
... were not
w uom
... have not
xe uom
... has not
xs uom
... had not
xo uom
... will not have
wn. uom xe
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
You arent
mv aaum
He isnt
xu usum
She isnt
uiu usum
It isnt
um usum
We arent
wn aaum
They arent
o aaum
... wasnt
wosum
... werent
wum
... havent
xeum
... hasnt
xsum
... hadnt
xoum
... wont have
wovum xe
Tt/nt ue ...
On ue ...
Ona ue ...
Ono ue ...
Mt ue ...
Onn ue ...
... ue tn ...
... ue tnn ...
V ... uem ...
V ... uem ...
V ... ue muo ...
V ... ue yem ...
Homnnm rontko, uro
eyx ompuauu n anrnnckom npenoxennn
trt HE MOE1 !!!
I CANNOT work at home
a ruom wr mxov+
because
ouroos
I HAVE NO computer.
a xe uov ro+nmvmo
HE MOIV paorart oma,
noromy uro
V MEHR HE1 komntmrepa.
343 342
n koropom BPEMR,
KOIA uro-ro u+eemc/oi.o/.era.o/cmo.o/euce.o
nokastnaercx ecrecrnenno !!! qopo rnarona be !!!
(Hpnum n anrnnckom npenoxennn nepeoe cnono 'there
ue ncknmuaer em ono there n konne npenoxennx) !

3A3YBPHTE !!!
B uauaue B rouue
Ta+ % %% %% mnoro nme There is a lot of people there.
+o ns o.om oe nuun. +o
B uauaue B rouue
Ta+ HHroeo HE1 There is NOBODY there.
+o ns uovooou +o
3 1 2 ! 1 2 3
Ha crone uexum komka There is a cat on the table.
+o ns orr ouom+o.
Ha crone HE1 komkn There is NO cat on the table.
There isnt ANY cat on the table.
Ta+ cmoau ontmo komntmrep.
1here was a big computer there.
+o wos oone ro+nmvmo +o
Bo nope muo ( u+e.oci) mnoro coak
There were many dogs in the yard.
+o w ++uu ooes uuonao
3anrpa n monx kapmanax yem mnoro ener
There will be a lot of money in my pockets tomorrow.
+o wn. onu o.om oe +auu uu +a norumc mo+opov

Bor nouemy x OBEH

paorart n name nnnoreke,
re MHE PA3PEHEHO
( MOHO)
nontsonartcx nx komntmrepom.
Mne CBEOBABO BM
sapaorart nemnoro ener,
u1Ot kynnrt nmo komntmrep,
no o cnx nop
x ne C/MOI
narn HHKAKOH
npnnnuno paort.
That is why I HAVE TO
m us wa a xe mv
work in our library,
wr uu avo .aopopu
where IM ALLOWED TO
w+o a+ o.avo mv
use their computer.
mvs +o ro+nmvmo
I SHOULD
a umo
make some money
+or ca+ +auu
TO buy any computer,
mv oa +uu ro+nmvmo
but until now
oam aumn. uav
I COULDNT
a rvoum
find ANY
qauo +uu
decent job.
ouucum orio

PACmHPEHHE I.
Aue.osi:uie ue ronopxr ecmi, .erum,
cmonm nnn . eucum n cmtcne . u+eemc !
Bmecro +roro ouu ncnontsymr nocmoauum ooopom
1 2 3 4
There is/are/was/were/will be uro-ro ram-ro,
+o Bpea !
345 344
4. HPH3EMAEHHE.
(uernprt +ran 15 mnnyr).
Bt yxe snaere 3 (e)S no pas n anrnnckom ecrt (ncero
nnmt!) 10 qvuruoua.iuix orou:auu (crp. 401-402), ro coor-
nercrnenno nocne mpx onxno trt n
HETBPTOE OKOHHAHHE.
3ro orou:auue camo no cee ouent Bam nonesno, rak kak n
ono c mnnnmantnemnmn mpvoosampama+u camo snaunrentno
ynennunnaer Bam cnonapnt sanac ...
Hpnantre K rouuy rnarona
+ro 4-e orou:auue (e)D
(nponsnocnrcx n kak -uo, n kak -o, n kak -m
no uerounocrt nponsnomennx ue nnnxer na nonnmanne),
n Bt nonyunre 2 pesyntrara:
1) Tak nastnaemym 2-m qop+v rnarona,
ro ecrt qop+v npoueueeo epeeuu +roro xe rnarona
snaunr, raknm opasom Bt nocrannre +ror rnaron!
n! npoueuee epe+:
punish ! punisheD nakasart ! nakas(tn)aB.
nauuui nauuui1
B anrnnckom ecrt neckontko nosmoxnocre ckasart o um-
nnyt n npoueue epe+euu, no+romy nmenno +ry 2-m qop+v
( (e)D nnn cnono ns 2-ro cronnka Tao.ui uenpaeu.iuix
e.aeo.oe, o koropo npourre nnxe) x pekomenym ynorpenxrt
rora, kora Bt moxere ykasart,
roea e npou.o+ +ro ecrnne
npousouuo/cocmoauoco
ocoenno nocne yrasymuux c.oe rnna:
nuepa yesterday ecmooo
nosanuepa the day before yesterday oo+ ouqoo ecmooo
PACmHPEHHE II.
Ceuac Bt nocr.aoieaeme anrnnckne cnona,
pesko ynennunn npn +rom cno c.oeapui sanac:
BODY ! +epuooou BCE
ONE ! +epuwau BCE
Kaxt EVERY THING ! +epuuue BC
+epu TIME ! +epu ma+ KAMH PA3
WHERE ! +epuwoo BE3E,
noecmy
PLACE ! +epun.oc BE3E
(a+epurauus+)
H:
BODY ! ca+ooou K1O-1O
ONE ! ca+wau K1O-1O
Hekn SOME THING ! ca+uue H1O-1O
TIMES ! ca+ma+s HHOIA
WHERE ! ca+woo IE-1O,
KVA-1O
PLACE ! ca+n.oc IE-1O,
KVA-1O
1) Cocmaeuie anrnnckne cnona c 'Some-
nmemr no-pycckn em n coomeemcmeu co cnonom
-uuyo: rmo-uuyo, :mo-uuyo, eoe-uuyo/
rvoa-uuyo !!!;
2) Cnona c '-one ropaso onee oema.usupoeaui,
n nmemr orrenok raxm us ;
3) Cnona c '-place n.oc xnnxmrcx a+epurauus+a+u.

HPHMEP:
'EJERYBODY loves my body now....
+epuooou .aes +a ooou uav
BCE renept nmxr mo reno ...
(crpouka ns amepnkancko necnn).
{
{
347 346

t ntnnn nokn, ECBH BM ona y menx BMBA.

I would drink vodka IF I HAD it.
a wvo opuur eoora H4 a X um
$ 2-n qop+a!
Bvrea.iuo: ..., ECBH BM x HMEB e (HE xenmnny it!).

NB !
Em IF snaunr npocro ECBH
n kora BM saxornre ynorpenrt if n +1ou ero snaue-
nnn, ro nocne nero moxere cnokono crannrt otunoe nx mecro-
nmenn I n He
cnono WAS ( nc panno 2-n qop+a!):
ECBH x BMB ram, ... IF I WAS there ... uq a wos +o
) Hocne if nx opasonannx ovovueeo epe+euu
HEBL3R ncnontsonart o.e+eumi will n shall,
no+romy nocne if axe nx nepeaun ovovueeo npemenn
npocro crantre rnaron
n nyanon qop+e npemenn uacmoaueeo:
ECBH mt 3AHBA1HM, IF we PAY
uq wn no
ECBH on(C) HPHEE1, IF he comeS ;
uq xu ra+3

BAHOOO !
2) Buo, npnannn 1o ae cauoe orou:auue (e)D,
Bt nonyuaere, coornercrnenno,
1o ae cauoe anrnnckoe cnono
no +ro yxe
3-n qop+a rnarona HACCHBHOE onpeeueuue,
neanno recently pnucum.u
n 2005 roy in the year 2005 uu o no 2005
(n) nocuennn pas last .aacm
(n) npomumn pas last time .aacm ma+
n npomuym nxrnnny last Friday .aacm qpaou
n npomuoe Poxecrno last Christmas .aacm rpnc+oc
na npomuon neene last week .aacm wnur
n npomuou mecxne last month .aacm +au
npomuon necno last spring .aacm cnpuue
n npomuou roy last year .aacm no
npomuon ocentm last autumn (aue..) .aacm oomo+
last fall (a+epur.) .cm qoo.
5 mnnyr nasa 5 minutes ago qae +nuumc oeov
Hocne ncex +rnx $ cnon n ntpaxenn
(ecnn onn ue conponoxamrcx kaknmn-nno ononnnrentntmn
vmo:ueuu+u rnna eeci oeui all day long oo. oo .oue,
koropte veoom nac n npoecc ynnnre!)
Bt ouanm ncnontsonart
nuenno 2-m qop+v rnarona ( (e)D nnn ns Tao.ui).

2 HYXHEHBHE BPE3KH:
a) Kpome +roro,
2-m qop+v rnarona ( (e)D nnn ns Tao.ui)
Bt onxnt ne ymax nn o um! ncnontsonart nocne cnoneuka
IF uq n ero snauennn Ecun BM ...
(ono Bam, kcrarn, yxe n npnmepax ncrpeuanoct!).
CMOTPHTE !
TOuHO KAK HO-PYCCKH:
ECBH BM x pnconaB IF I paintED uq a n+umH
ECBH BM x BMB ram IF I WERE there uq a W +o
$ Hocne if

"
! ! n ero snauennn ec.u m
! ns ncex qop+ rnarona be
ncnontsyercx 1outxo qop+a were.
349 348
By oa coomeemcmeue pycckomy meopumeuouoy naoerv:
by me oa +uu mnom,
by him oa xu+ u (Kem?),
by my father oa +a qaao mou orno n r. .

PA3BEHBAHHE MHuOB. AKCHOMA.

urot nonyunrt
qop+v npoueueeo epe+euu ( 2-m qop+v)
nnn naccnnnoe onpeeueuue ( 3-m qop+v)
or anrnnckoro rnarona,
K uey (ro ecrt K rouuy +roro rnarona)
nyxno npnannrt orou:auue (e)D.
3ro ro xe camoe $ ovqepuoe -e-,
koropoe Bt ncrannxere n nepe 'S,
urot nmert nosmoxnocrt eouoco
norasamo npnannennoe orou:auue:
(na-)pnconaB I paintEd a n+umHo
NB!
Hpnannenne D +ro HPABHAO !!!
Ho 178 anrnncknx rnaronon +romy npaeuuy HE noo:uummc
ro ecrt y nnx ecrt ceou pyeue qop+i
H npoueueeo epe+euu ( 2-n qop+a),
H naccnnnoro onpeeueuua ( 3-n qop+a)
(nanpnmep: 1-n q.: 2-e q.: 3-n q.:
be was/were been).
3naunr, +mu 178 rnaronon HE-HPABHBBHB !!!
n +ro yxe yer ue ror, KTO uro-ro coe.a.,
a mom, KOIO coe.a.u
ro ecrt mom,
C KEM uro-ro coe.a.u nnn oe.amm:
repair ! repairED unnnrt ! nounnEH/-nt,
pun+o pun+o nounnxEMt.
3ro okonuanne 'D ouent nnsko pycckomy -1- n nonxrntx
ncem cnonax rnna norvca1/i, no.o+a1/i,
noapana1/i, noe.oea1/i, n r..
Hpnum, ecnn pyccrue cnona moryr nmert qop+v
n rpamrym: nakasaH,
n nouuym: nakasaH/nt,
ro anrunncxne naccueuie onpeeueuua nmemr rontko
ouy yxe onee HEus+eue+vm qop+v, nanpnmep:
punishED nakasAH, nakasAH/nt ( nakasa1/t),
nauuui1 nakasAH/nax, nakasAH/nomy, nakasAH/no n r. .
H +rn uoeie cnona/onpeoe.euu ( Inaron(e)D)
Bt n 90 cnyuaen moxere opasontnart CAMH,
pesko ynennunnax rem camtm cnon c.oeapui sanac !!!

HPHMEPL:
Herx HOKPACHB +ry creny.
Pete PAINTED this wall nuum n+umuo uc woo.
(painted ax1nnnoe oecmeue).
Ho:
Crena, HOKPAHEHHAR Here.
A wall PAINTED by Pete o woo. n+umuo oa nuum
(3ect ro xe $ camoe painted yxe eui naccnn).
351 350
TEHEPI CMOTPHTE:
1) 3ayunnanne 1-mx qop+ ummx rnaronon
xnnxercx HOPMOH, a ue nponemo
rak sauem nx noome cunrart?
(Bt xe nc panno nnkya ne enerect
es cnon rnna uaxooumi nnn mepmi npana?);
2) Bt c renxute paocrtm yunre cnona rnna
oe.i, cuuu nnn :pui
rak nouemy xe Bam camnm c rako xe roronnocrtm k camooraue
ne ntyunrt (ouopasoeo) 128 cnon rnna:
naneu/ui, nanncau/ui, xynueu/ui, npoau/ui n r.n.
( 128 mryk 3-nx qop+ uenpaeu.iuix rnaronon
128 nopuautnmx anrnncknx
(n. r.u. n naccueuix) onpeeueuu,
koropte uu ueu ue xyae
cnon rnna oe.i nnn rpacui,
n koropte nc panno ouent nyanm Bam no xnsnn) ?
Hepenecnre ontmym uacrt +opa.iuo npoo.e+i
uenpaeu.iuix rnaronon n! npocroe sayunnanne
oono.uume.iuix (?) (ome.aeo.iuix) anrnncknx cnon/
onpeeueuu 3-nx qop+ rnaronon,
ontmax uacrt koroptx nc panno, nonropxm,
nyana Bam no ansnn !!!;
3) Tenept yurnre, uro 51 ns ncex +rnx 3-nx qop+
cuon/onpeoe.euu
+ro k romy xe em n qop+i npoueueeo epe+euu
51-ro uenpaeu.iuoeo rnarona !!!
A Bt nx yae moxere snart (?!) cm. $ n.2 n ne naxno,
n kako unocmacu !!!;
2-e n 3-n qop+i +rnx/raknx rnaronon nmemrcx
n cnennantntx Tao.uax uenpaeu.iuix e.aeo.oe (crp. 403).
B 1-u cronnke rako Tao.ui amrcx rnaront
n cnoe 1-n cuoeapuo ]opme (ro ecrt, kak n cnonape),
no 2-u cronnke 2-e qop+i ( npoueuee epe+),
n 3-u cronnke (oraannct?!) 3-n qop+i
( naccnnnme onpeoe.euu)
n ncex nx npxmo orrya
eomoeeuiru+u n mn.euiru+u moxno n part!

YHBARKmAR HHuOPMAHH,
YHBHTEALHAR APHuMETHKA.
Hnuero crpamnoro!!!
Haunnaem cunrart ro, uro ecrt HA CAMOM EHE !!!
178 uenpaeu.iuix rnaronon;
22 rnarona, y koroptx BCE 3 qop+i
ouuaroem (crp. 403);
28 rnaronon, koropte Bam npakrnueckn
ue nyxnt (vcmapeeuue).

Ocramrcx:
51 rnaron, y koroporo 2-n u 3-n qop+i ouuaroem
(1-x 2-x 3-e
find found & found
narn namB naEH/nt);
77 rnaronon, y koroptx nce 3 qop+i pasume
(1-x 2-x 3-x
write wrOte written
nncart na/nncaB nanncAH/nt).

128 cnon.
353 352
a) Hyxno Bam
anrnnckoe coomeemcmeue pycckomy eenpuuacmum
npnannxre 'ing K KOHHV nyxnoro Bam rnarona
n nc !!!:
smoke ! smoking kypnrt ! kypa;
c+ovr c+ovruue
) Hyxno Bam cyuecmeumeuouoe co cmtcnom kakoro-ro
rnarona
npnannxre K KOHHV +roro rnarona ing n nc !!!
smoke ! smoking kypnrt ! kypeuue
walk ! walking nrn ! xota
woor wooruue
ride ! riding esnrt ! esa;
pao paouue
n) Kpome +roro, npnannenne 'ING ar Bam
em ono onpeeueuue,
no renept yxe onpeoe.euue AK1HBHOE
(ro ecrt TOT, K1O oe.aem)
Inaroning n nc !!!:
smoke ! smoking kypnrt ! kypaun
walk ! walking nrn ! nyun, xoaun.

Hnn naoopor:
ono n ro xe cnono c orou:auue+ ING (nanpnmep, smokING)
moxer coomeemcmeoeami pyccknm/ oimi nepeeeoeuo na pycckn:
1) u kak oeenpu:acmue (kypR);
2) u kak armueuoe onpeoe.euue (kypRHn);
3) u kak cvuecmeume.iuoe (kypEHne)
nanpnmep, NO SMOKING
HET KYPEHHR.

4) Tak uro na camom-ro ene nocne ntyunnannx

3-nx qop+ uenpaeu.iuix rnaronon
(naccnnntx) onpeeueuu ($)
kak omunmx onpeoe.euu
(koropte Bam nc panno n koneunom nrore snart nao),
BCR nceeoonpoo.e+a uenpaeu.iuix rnaronon
cnonrcx k romy, uro
Bam nmenno onounn1eutno nyxno ntyunrt
makcnmym o 77 cnon 2-mx qop+ npoueueeo epe+euu
or 77 uenpaeu.iuix rnaronon n Bt n amkax (nnn n oa+ax?)!
H ne mopoutre ontme cee (n nnkomy!) ronony !!!

BHHMAHHE !!!
HEPBOE oono.ueuue
k Basonouy Hpaeuuy paeyuruua X3:
1) K +1on $ qop+e ( c '(e)D) moxno em npnannxrt
6-e orou:auue LY .u, opasontnax npn +rom
nonme cnona (uapeuua), nanpnmep:
hurry ! hurriED ! hurriedLY
xapu xapuo xapuooBH
roponnrtcx roponnnnt roponnnnO, nroponxx.

Hy nor n HRTOE OKOHUAHHE

(koropoe roxe cpasy xe ooo:eui ynennunr Bam cnonapnt sanac).
Ceuac, npnannn K KOHHV nmoro rnarona ING uue,
Bt sa eum epou kynnre nner n cema cemix
anrnncko rpammarnkn.
To ecrt: Bt yt1e cpasy 3-x sanen !!!:
355 354
CELMOE OKOHUAHHE.
Hpome nekya !!!
H ns cvuecmeume.iuix Bt caun moxere enart
onpeeueuua, npocro npnannxx K rouua +rnx cymecrnnrentntx
orou:auue Y u:
cloud ! cloudY
r.avo r.avou
onako ! onauum.

B HOMOI AEHTRRM.
Cnona n anrnnckom xstke noome OuEHI HEIKO
coeouummc pyr c pyrom,
anax npn +rom onontno nnrepecnte pesyntrart,
npnum HEPBOE cnono n +rom couerannn
ncera OHPEEBRE1 nnn OHHCBBAET emopoe,
nanpnmep:
game eo+ nrpa a GAME hall HIPOBOH san,

hall xoo. xonn, san, a HALL game nrpa HB 3AHA;

(3auiua nrpa)
border ooooo rpannna, a BORDER state
(HO-)IPAHHUHOE rocyapcrno,
state cmom rocyapcrno, a STATE border
IOCVAPCTBEHHAB rpannna;
spring cnpuue ncrounnk, knmu, a SPRING water
KHPUEBAB noa,
water woomo noa, a WATER spring
BOBHOH knmu.
NB-euuue !!!
Homnnre, uro
-D +ro ncera PE3VBL1A1 !!!!!,
a
-ING +ro ncera HPOHECC !!!!!

BHHMAHHE !!!
E BA OHOBHEHHR k Hpannuy X 3:
! ! ! ! ! ! !
Hmenno +ra ($) rak nastnaemax INGoea qop+a n oam
em BA (ocranmnxcx) rex camtx onouueuua
k Hpaeuuy paeyuruua X3
( Ha uaeeueuuoe ue uaeeuuea''').
To ecrt +ry INGoevm qop+v oxuo nocrannrt em n:

2) no! uoxecmeeuuoe uncno, npnannn k ne 'S,

nanpnmep:
Inaron: ! INGoeoe cymecrnnr.: ! Ero uox. uncno:
bless blessing blessingS
o.ec o.ecuue o.ecuue3
narocnonnxrt narocnoneuuE narocnoneuuR.

Huu xe:

3) cenart INGoevm qop+v em n uapeuue,

npnannn k ne
(6-e orou:auue ) LY !!!,
nanpnmep:
Inaron: ! INGoea qop+a: ! Hapeuue:
seem seeming seemingLY
cuu+ cnu+uue cnu+uueBH
kasartcx kaxVHncx; raraci kak yrO,
no-nnnmomy,
n r. .

357 356
Ho nockontky kak Bt camn yenrect
epe+u na camom ene nc xe rontko 3,
ro n moe nonxrno n npospauno repmnnonornn
nx oosnauennx munoe oecmeu
x ncnontsym anrnnckoe cnono Action ruiu oecmeue.
To ecrt x cunram, uro anrnnckn xstk
ntenxer HE 4 Groups of Tenses
(1. Simple nnn Indefinite, 2. Continuous nnn Progressive,
3. Perfect n 4. Perfect Continuous),
a 4 Types of Actions 4 1una ecmeu,
kaxoe ns koroptx uoae1 nponsorn
n umou ns 3 epe+u
n nc cpasy xe cranonnrcx na cnon mecra !!!
Bpe+u ocrarcx 3, a 1unoe ecrnn 4!
1un Mo Hamuucroe
ecrnnx: nasnanne: nasnanne:
1) Hpocmie One-time Actions Simple nnn Indefinite,
2) ecmeu Prolonged Actions Continuous
HPOHECCA nnn Progressive,
3) ecmeu BY-Actions Perfect,
K
4) Hpoecc Prolonged BY-Actions Perfect Continuous.
O
$
H xaaoe ecrnne uoae1 cocroxrtcx
n xaaou ns 3 npemn
(n n Past, n n 'Present, n no 'Future) !!!
Bc, pexra, npnexann !!!
To ecrt Bt caun moxere nerko oopasoeieami uoeie
co:emauu nocrannnn ono cymecrnnrentnoe nepe pyrnm
n nc n nopxke, nanpnmep:
army division ! army division aa+u ouenriu
apmnx nnnsnx ! apecraa nnnsnx.
B pyccxou napnanre nopaor cuoe moxer menxrtcx,
no nc panno cmorpnre, kak yono!:
house number ! house number xavc ua+oo
om nomep ! nomep oma !
Street name cmpuum uo+ nasnanne ynnnm,
n r..
na cnona moryr coennxrtcx n ono, opasyx nonoe
(cocmaeuoe) cnono, nanpnmep:
mail (+o.) box (oorc) ! MAILBOX ++.oorc
noura xmnk ! HOUTOBBH HK.
Cocmaeuie cnona, opasonannte c yuacrnem INGoeix qop+,
moryr nncartcx :epes :pmo:rv, a moryr n npocro pasoe.iuo:
dining-hall oauuue xoo. crononax
smoking area c+ovruue +puo mecro nx kypennx.

5. TPHYMm.
(Hxrt +ran 35 mnnyr).
Tpaouuouua rpammarnka ne ntenxer 4-x munoe ecrnn
ona nc ooeouuem n kpane cnoxnym cncremy
n nc
(ro ecrt ne rontko caun epe+eua Past, Present n Future,
no n roucmpvruu)
ona nastnaer Bpe+eua+u Tenses.
Ho+romy nmecro 4-x xnntx munoe ecrnn n 3-x epe+euax
y mpaouuoua.ucmoe ax 12 epe+u
+ro na kako xe nnanere onn xnnyr ???
359 358
To ecrt:
HPOHEHEE npemx: ' WAS, WERE;
(2-e qop+i) ' HAD
HAC1ORHEE npemx: ' AM, IS, ARE;
' HAVE, HAS
BVVHEE npemx: ' WILL BE;
' WILL HAVE

uPE3BIuAHHO BAHO !!!

3nare, uro
BKBME anrnnckne roucmpvruu
npoueueeo npemenn
Bt yere crponrt c nomomtm
2-mx qop+ rnaronon be nnn have !!!
(To ecrt npn nomomn cnon 'was, were nnn 'had).

BI 3TO YE YMEETE !!!

To ecrt, axe HE nonnmax CMMCBA roucmpvru, Bt nc panno
yxe oxeme nx cmpoumo,
npocro eapiupv (no npemenam) qopm be nnn 'have,
n npocro nocrannxx
naccnnnme nnn ax1nnnme onpeoe.euu !!!:
Hacm. npemx Hpoueu. Byyuee
AM/ IS/ ARE/ WAS/ WERE/ WILL BE COUNTED
u.u
HAVE/ HAS/ HAD/ WILL HAVE COUNTING.
(A noome-ro, unrare mom oanennym pommpy
Aueuucrue epeeua u roucmpyruuu !!!).
Bcx anrnnckax epa++amura +ro re nnn nnte
co:emauu
qop rnaronon 'have nnn 'be c ono cropont
c onnu ns nyx onpeeueuu,
opasonanntm or cmcuoeoeo rnarona:
1) c naccnnnmu ( c 3-n qop+o)
u.u 2) c ax1nnnmu ( c INGoeo qop+o)
c pyro cropont.
To ecrt:
HAVE
BE WRITTEN ( & +rnmn cocmae.muu+u
WRITING & nepearcx cmcu
n naccueuocmo nnn armueuocmo).
Bosmoxnt kak nnnre! $ 2 ( 2 4 napnanra c.oreuu,
no ns nnx 1outxo 3 napnanra amr roucmpvruu n +ro nc!
nx yocrna pasmecrnm +rn eapuaumi/roucmpyruuu n rako
nor nocneonarentnocrn:
1) BE WRITTEN;
2) BE WRITING;
3) HAVE WRITTEN.

$
Hseuamuaaca cocmae.mua
em mt nokastnaem epea.
B3IARHHTE $, net BCE 3 napnanra/roucmpvruu xnnxmrcx
no cyrn ena, nonropxm,
co:emauu+u qop rnaronon 'be nnn 'have
c rem nnn nntm onpeeueuue !

H sect roxe (kak n n saeuumeuax o.e+eumoe !)

0OPMAMH rnaronon 'be n/nn 'have
mt (kak ncera!) npocro yem nokastnart
BPEMR ecrnnx
n BKBOH roucmpvruu n nc !!!
}
{
+
{ }
361 360
*) MOMEHTAALHOE PACBHPEHHE.
B +ry naccnnnym roucmpvrum (n umo npemenn) moxer
sarecartcx (nnn Bm camn moxere cnokono nn o um ne ymax!
ncrannxrt) em n cnoneuko 'being ouuue, koropoe cpasy xe
npnar +ro roucmpvruu snauenne npouecca ( ing!!!),
n koropoe camo moxer nepenonrtcx na pycckn xstk cnonamn:
ueuuo moea, (rar pas) e mo epea,
rar pas e +mom/mom oeum n r. n.:
Bpe+ " " Hpoecc
That picture WAS BEING painted at that particular time.
m nnrm:o wos ouuue n+umuo mm nomnrm.o ma+
Ty kaprnny PHCOBABH kak pas n ro npemx.
Ta kaprnna PHCOBABACL ...
K1O/H1O oi.o uanucau/-o nnn nuca.oci n rak cpasy xe
xcno, rak kak (no parynknny!)
CVB1EK1 n anrnnckom npenoxennn
ouxeu oimi eceea !!!
Bor Bam n v+euue roucmpvrum +ry cmpoumi!!!
BAXHEHBHH YHHBEPCAALHLH COBET !!!
Bcnomnnre, uro
ING +ro ncera HPOHECC.
KOHCTPVKHHB N2.
a) HOHHMAHHE.
B +rom nropom " napnanre/co:emauuu
Bt nmecro naccnnnoro onpeoe.euu
ncnontsyere onpeoe.euue ax1nnnoe:

"
0opa BE WRITING ouu pamuue
PA3BMBAHHE TEMI KOHC1PVKHHH.
Okay!
Haunm c n. a c nouu+aoe.iuocmu nouu+auu
n c n. c ymennx cmpoumo roucmpvrum.
KOHCTPVKHHB N1.
a) HOHHMAHHE.
Kro ne nomr napnanr/co:emauue:
" Haccnnnoe onpeoe.euue
0opa BE WRITTEN ouu pumu
BLTL HAHHCAHHIM
HACCHB
(n ue uepes nonroa oov:euu !!!)?
Hmo ryr nenonxrnoro-ro?
) HOCTPOEHHE.
CXEMA:
CVB1EKT

3naunr, KOIA rmo-mo nnn :mo-mo

mu/o (nnn yem) uanucau/ntm
ne ymax nn o um, nokastnare 0OPMOH be!!!
"
Knnra BMBA nanncaua The book WAS written.
Knnry HAHHCABH.
$
"
"
$
Knnra BVE1 nanncaua The book WILL BE written,
Knnry HAHHHV1. o ovr wn. onu pumu

J.e+eum
$ $
Inaron
n r. .;
WAS/ WERE (npoueou.)
AM/ IS/ ARE (uacm.)
WILL BE (ovovu.)
3-x 0OPMA
rnarona
( naccnnnoe
onpeoe.euue)
{
Onpeoe.euue
363 362
" Bpea !!!
We ARE smoking
wn AA c+ovruue
We WERE smoking
wn W c+ovruue
We WILL BE smoking
wn WHH BHH c+ovruue
Mt KVPHM
( uacmoauee).
Mt KVPHBH
( npoueuee).
Mt BVEM KVPHTB
( yyuee);
) HOCTPOEHHE.
C1POH1L +ry roucmpvrum X 2
nyxno rouno rak xe, kak n HACCHB roucmpvrum X1,
rontko sauennn1e naccnnnoe onpeoe.euue ! na ax1nnnoe
! 'InaronING.
CXEMA:
CVB1EKT
Hpnum (kak nnnre) 0OPMAMH be Bt
n sect (nn o um ne ymax!) yere npocro nokastnart
BPEMR nponcxoauero, ro ecrt,
KOIA cvoerm (, Bi, +i, ou, rom, romi n r.n.)
ECTB, BBH nnn BVET ...KH/VH/AH/VH-u+
ro ecrt BOT 1AKHM-mo n maru-mo ...
Bpeun oecmeu
"
WAS/ WERE (npou.)
AM/ IS/ ARE (uacm.)
WILL BE (ovovu.)
InaronING
( Ax1nnnoe
onpeoe.euue).
{
BLTL HHBVHHM
n umou cnyuae +ro AK1HB
snaunr, n nmom cnyuae, rmo-mo :mo-mo euaem,
a rounee uaxooumc e npouecce oe.auua uero-ro!!!
$ ing ! $
a!
B pycckom xstke nuenno rako roucmpvruu ner,
no n nmom cnyuae ona nx pycckoro yxa nouu+aoe.iua ...:
Kora on nomn, x When he came in I Kora on nomn, x
BLAA MOKPOH, WAS wet, mua +orpo,
CHACTAHBOH = happy c:acm.ueo
n HHAUVHEH! and cryING! n HAAKAAA!
(3 onpeoe.euu $) (Toae 3 $ Hnakingonana
onpeoe.euu !!!)
Camtm naxntm sect xnnxercx ocosnanne Bamn roro ]akra, uro
ram, re +i (no-pycckn!) onnctnaem EHCTBHE
n nontsyemcx nx +roro IHAIOHOM,
aueuosi:uie ropaso uame
onnctnamr COC1ORHHE,
n nontsymrcx nx +roro OHPEEBEHHEM !!!
(B rom uncne n ome.aeo.iui+ INGoei+!!!).
Ha pycckn +ra $ roucmpvru nepenon1cn npocro ruarouou
(uecoeepueuuoeo nna) n rom nnn nnom epe+euu
a n raro epe+euu 1oae cpasy xe nnno
no qope rnarona 'be:
Cmcu
"
$
365 364
2-n napnanr nepenoa +ro roucmpvruu:
He HAS STOLEN this car xu xs cmov.u uc raa
On V K P A B* +ry mamnny (n cm. * nnxe).
" Byyuee epe+ Byyuee epe+ "
He WILL HAVE STOLEN this car On VKPA1
+ry mamnny.
To ecrt, necmorpx na ro, kak t yreauoum nepeno +ro
roucmpvruu nn sev:a. no-pycckn, anrunncxan roucmpvru
nc panno AKTHBHA
Bt nocmorpure, K1O n ne oecmevem?
(A uro x ronopnn?)
C V B 1 E K 1 !!! To ecrt nc panno ror, K1O ...,
a HE ror, roeo ...!!!
Ha pycckn +ra roucmpvru otuno nepenonrcx (kak Bt
camn nnnre!) rnaronom coeepueuuoeo euoa
(rynHB, rynBK n r. n.
no HE norvna. n HE ovov norvnami!).
* 3auacrym (axe ecnn rnaron 'have crour n ono ns cnonx
qop+ npemenn uacmoaueeo have nnn 'has) +ra roucmpvru
uoae1 nepenonrtcx na pycckn
n epe+eue+ uacmoauu, n epe+eue+ npoueuu:
He HAS LIVED
in this house
for 10 years already
1) On HB1 n +rom ome yxe 10
ner;
2) On HPOHB n +rom ome yxe ...

Bvrea.iuo: V nero npoxu1o (n +rom ome) .;

}
Hmenno mar Bt n yere nepeeooumi
name oecmeue! n! nx cocmoauue
a nmenno +ro n nyxno ..!

H nakonen!
KOHCTPVKHHB N3
(nepeammax k romy xe em n 3-n mun ecrnn).
a) HOHHMAHHE.
Kmo ne nomr cneymmero ?
1-n napnanr nepenoa:
We HAVE already prepareD everything.
wn xe oo.p+ou npun+oo +epuuue
Y nac yxe HPHIOTOBHEHO nc.
"
Haccnnnoe onpeoe.euue 3-x q.
I HAVE WRITTEN a book a xe pumu ooyr
Y MEH HAHHCAHA knnra uanucaB knnry.
H.u.
Haccnnnoe onpeoe.euue
"
3-n qop+a or buy oa kynnrt
He HAS BOUGHT some paper = On rynuB ymary.
xu xs ooom ca+ n+no
Y HEIO KYHAEHO nemnoro ymarn.
$
Haccnnnoe onpeoe.euue
Ho nnnre, necmorpx na ro,
uro sect $ ncnontsyercx naccnnnoe onpeoe.euue,
roucmpvru nc panno AKTHBHA,
rak kak n anrnnckom npenoxennn ecrnyer rontko cyzerm !!!
367 366
I. Haccnnnoe onpeoe.euue ! Haccnnnan roucmpvru:
"
I HAVE/He HAS/HAD BEEN PAINTED MEHR/EIO HOkpacnn/n.
ouuu n+umuo
I WILL HAVE BEEN PAINTED MEHR n r. . HApncymr;

II. Ax1nnnoe onpeoe.euue ! Ax1nnnmn npoecc:

"
I HAVE/ He HAS BEEN PAINTING R pncym/ pnconau.
ouuu n+umuue
I HAD BEEN PAINTING R pnconau.
I WILL HAVE BEEN PAINTING R yy pnconart
(oo.eo r ).
(H no ncex 3 epe+euax Bt +ro yere enart vre oueo n r ..!).

YHOTPEBAEHHE roucmpvru.
C nouu+aoe.iuocmim, uyncrnym, nc onee-menee n axype!
Tenept anare nocmorpnm,
roea nyxno VHO1PEBBR1L ry nnn nnym
anrnnckym roucmpvrum?
B anrnnckom (kak n nourn no ncex xstkax) ecrt
3 epe+euu ( npoueuee, uacmoauee n yyuee).
Kpome +roro, anrnnckn eioe.em n mexuu:ecru oqop+.em
4 muna oecmeu:
1) pasoeie, 2) pacmuvmie n 3-4) coeepuuuie,
nnn:
1) npocmie;
2)3) oosnauaemte roucmpvru+u N2 n N3
(o He1np1ou mune ecrnn cm. na crp. 374),
npnum raxoe ns ecrnn moxer cocmomic
n nmom/ n raxo ns 3-x epe+u.

) HOCTPOEHHE.
CXEMA:
CVB1EKT
0OPMOH rnarona 'have
Bt n sect $ cnokono nokastnaere
(nnn: no qope rnarona 'have Bt xcno nnnre)
BPEMR, o koropom nr peut,
a rounee,
BPEMR, e romopo+ naxonrcx
mo:ra omc:ma +o+eum,
K romopoy nooeouemc
uanucauue +ro knnrn:
Buepa K 5.00
Y HEIO BLBA HAHHCAHA ra knnra.
He HAD WRITTEN that book.
pumu
3aempa K 5.00
V HEIO BVET HAHHCAHA ra knnra.
He WILL HAVE WRITTEN that book;
xu wn. xe pumu m ovr

n) PACmHPEHHE.
HPOCTO BOCHPHMHTE u 3A3YBPHTE.
He ynnnxrect, no Bt moxere ncrpernrtcx n c vo.uuuui-
+u napnanramn +ro roucmpvruu, a uyrt nosnee Bm naemct
yere cmpoumo nx n cau !!!
4- mun ecrnn (crp. 374).
Haccnnn. u.u Ax1nnn.
I HAVE/He HAS/HAD/WILL HAVE BEEN OHPEEBEHHE.
ouuu $ 3-n qop+a be
HAD (npou.)
HAVE/ HAS (uacm.)
WILL HAVE (ovo.)
3-n 0OPMA rnarona
( Haccnnnoe
onpeoenenne)
{
369 368
Bc +ro rakxe moxno nokasart n n nne nor rako nor
CXEML nocrpoennx 1px npocmix epe+u ":
otuno
ceuac
ncera
uacro
peko
peko
usually
mvre.u
now
uav
always
oo.wos
often
oqu
rarely
p+o.u
seldom
c+.oo+
noome
ceronx
kaxt ent,
exenenno
exenenno
nnora
pas n mecxn
generally
orieuopo.u
today
moo+
every day
+epu o+
daily
o+.u
sometimes
ca+ma+s
once a month
wauc o+au
n nacroxmee npemx nowadays uavooos
Hmte co:emauu/ooosua:euu epe+euu c yuacrnem cnona
every ... +epu xaa... (every Friday n r. n.):
We SAW this elephant every morning.
wn coo uc +.uqoum +epu +oouuue
Mt BHEBH +roro cnona raxoe yrpo.

HOHE3HOE HAHOMHHAHHE.
Ouent uacro +rn npocmie epe+euui e qop+i ynorpenxmr-
cx nocne cnon n ntpaxenn rnna ( rakxe nocmorpnre crp. 345):

WILL ...
"
CVB1EK1 " LIVE& u.u LIVES
$
$
+(e)D

& Byymee
(saempa).
& Hac1onmee
(ceeoou).
& Hpomemee
(e:epa).
1-n mun ecrnn.
PA3OBLE oecmeu ( ecrnnx Bau!
One-Time Actions).
Ecnn ecrnne nponcxonr eceea, omuuo, raxm oeui
nnn peeyuapuo
(n ne naxno, n kakom epe+euu ro ecrt n umou ns 3 !),
xnnxercx oouo-/+uoeo-pasoei+, unyuocui+ (Ban ! H nc!),
n ue cnxsanntm nn c kaknmn pyrnmn ecrnnxmn (ono oosnauaercx
kak t mouro na .uuuu epe+euu) +ro
npocmoe oecmeue ecrnne 'Bau!:

HPOHEHEE epe+ ( 2-e qop+i):

'Inaron(e)D
u.u ro1onan qop+a
ns 2-n kononkn Tao.ui uenpaeu.iuix e.aeo.oe:
Buepa x HOKPACHB/C1EB ro xno
Yesterday I PAINTED/ATE that egg;
ecmooo a n+umuo/om m oe

HAC1ORHEE epe+: C rnaronom HHHEIO HE enaem

nnn (e)S:
/on EM/EC1 ono xno kaxt ent
I/he EAT/S one egg every day.
a/xu uum/c wau oe +epu o+
ncera HOMHK nc! I always REMEMBER everything!
a oo.wos pu+++oo +epuuue

BVVHEE epe+: WILL/SHALL rnaron ns cnonapx:

C1EM ono xno sanrpa I WILL EAT one egg tomorrow.
a wn. uum wau oe mo+opov

371 370
HPOHEHEE npemx ( 2-n qop+a be ING):

"
! ! ! ! ! 2-n qop+a ! ! ! !
$ "
Buepa C 5 O 7 x HHCAB "
Yesterday from 5 till 7 I WAS WRITING.
ecmooo qpo+ qae mu. coeu a wos pamuue
mu nnmVHnm;

HAC1ORHEE epe+. ! ! ! ! ! !

"

"
"
B AHHMH MOMEH1 x
"
HHHV.
AT THIS PARTICULAR MOMENT I AM WRITING.
m uc nomnrm.o +ov+oum a + pamuue
aeuamco nnmVHnm;

BVVHEE epe+: ! ! ! ! ! !

"
"
3anrpa C 5 O 7 x BVV HHCA1L.
Tomorrow from 5 till 7 I WILL BE WRITING.
yy (oimi) nnmVHnm .
$ $ $
J.e+eum Inaron Onpeoe.euue

uakrnueckn, eno saknmuaercx n rom, uro aue.osi:uie

noome ouent uacro vxoom or rnarona, n nmecro nero nontsymrcx
onpeoe.euue+, na cauou eue onuciea cex,
eecmo roro, urot ronopnrt, :mo onn oe.amm:
"
& Onpeoe.euu !
"
Buec1o cnami: be asleep mmo cnxmnm,
Buec1o vcma(ea)mi: be tired mmo ycrantm,
Buec1o onosoami: be late mmo onosanmnm,
n ecxrkn r..
2-n mun ecrnn (rakxe cmorpn crp. 361).
'PAC1RHV1ME, BRHHECR ecrnnx
( ecrnnx Hpouecca Prolonged Actions).
Ecnn ecrnne xnnxercx pacmauymm, uauuca,
nnn nponcxonr/cnyuaercx
HMEHHO n onpeeuuum +o+eum ( poeuo e ...)
n/nn na nporxxennn onpeeuuuoeo nepuooa
( c ... o ..., ueum ..., eeco ),
ro no-pycckn n +rom cnyuae
Bi onnctnaere oecmeue n nontsyerect e.aeo.o+,
NB !!!
a ronopx no-anrnnckn, Bt n rakom cnyuae
npn nomomn INGoeoeo onpeeueuua
ouxum, oasaum !!!
onncart COC1ORHHE cvoerma
(ro ecrt ckasart,
raru on n +ror +o+eum nnn n +ror nepuoo aeuaemca),
n nocnontsonartcx, coornercrnenno,
couemauue
rnarona BE c OHPEEBEHHEM ( c INGoei+ !!!)
KOHCTPVKHHEH N2
( BM1L ...KHu+),
ro ecrt
couemauue 0OPM be c OHPEEBEHHEM !!!
C armueum !!!
nastnam +ror $ mun ecrnn ecmeu+u npouecca
( crp. 362), rak kak onn ncera npecrannxmr coom
kako-nno npouecc ( pacmauymoe ecrnne ing)!:

373 372
3-n mun ecrnn.
COBEPHHHME ecrnnx
( ecrnnx K BY-Actions).
3ro ecrnnx, koropte nauaunct pauee kakoro-ro +o+eu-
ma nnn kako-nno mo:ru omc:ma, n camn +rn ecrnnx nnn
coeepuammc K onpeennnomy +o+eumv, nnn oqqerm or
nnx npooo.raemc O onpeennnoro +o+euma no npemenn,
a cau +ror +o+eum nnn caua mo:ra omc:ma
moxer naxonrtcx n umou ns 3 epe+u!
(B uacmoaue, n npoueue n n yyue).
have/has had will have
nastnam +ror mun oecmeu ecmeu+u K, noromy
uro +1n ecrnnx (nnn nx pesyuomam) ncera noronnm1cn
K onpeennno mo:re omc:ma a caua +ra mo:ra omc:-
ma moxer, nonropxm, naxonrtcx n umou epe+euu.
Mecronaxoxenne mo:ru omc:ma no npeuenn
(ro ecrt epea, K romopoy noronxercx oecmeue)
Bt nn o um ne ymax! (yraare!)
nokaxere qopo rnarona 'have:

HPOHEHEE epe+
( 2-n qop+a had 3-n qop+a cumcuonoro rnarona):
' ' ' ' ' ' '
" $"
" CBAPHB ror cyn euepa K 5 uacam.
I HAD COOKED that soup yesterday BY 5 oclock;
a xo rvrm m cvvn ecmooo oa 5 or.or
Bvrea.iuo:
"
V menx BMB CBAPEH ...; & & &

A uem INGoeie onpeoe.euu xyxe, uem ocrantnte ?

Bor aue.osi:uie n nekoroptx konkperntx cnryannxx
n onucmeamm ceo npn nomomn INGoeix onpeeueuu
nmecro nepeoa:u oecmeu
nor n nc !!!

To ecrt n raknx $ cnyuaxx Bt HE ouanm ronopnrt,

:mo kro-ro euau ..!
Bt onxnt onnca1t ceo nnn +ror cvoerm n ckasart,
umo x/on BMB ...KHu+ !!!
3ect n kauecrne vrasvmuux c.oe ( Indicating words)
moryr ntcrynart eipareuu rnna:
right now pam uav npnuo cenuac
all (day, month u op.) long oo. (oo, +au) .oue
nect (ent, mecxn n p.)
at this (particular) moment m uc nomnrm.o +ov+oum
(nmenno) n +1o1 uouen1 ...
from ... till ... qpo+ ... mu. ...
c ... o ..., o1 ... o ...
n pyrne.
To ecrt, kora Bt n cnom pyccko-anrnnckom npenoxennn
ynorpenxere (nnn: +oreme ynorpenrt) ono ns +rnx $ eipa-
reuu, ro n roucmpvrum Bt ouanm ncnontsonart nuenno
+ry ( BE INGoeoe onpeoe.euue), rak kak nourn ncera npe-
noxennx, coepxamne +rn $ cnona, nepeamr
npoueccm
nnn
pacmauymme, uauueca ecrnnx !!!

375 374
He ymare nn o um!, n n roucmpvrum N 3 npocro
eeeoume 2 onsa1eutnmx cnona:
HOC1ORHHOE: a) n kauecrne emopoeo cnona
cnono BEEN 3-m qop+v rnarona be,
urot opasonart roucmpvrum O, K,
n 3AMEHREMOE: ) INGoevm qop+v
cmcuoeoeo rnarona
(koropo Bt renept n yere nepeanart n uumeuouocmo,
n cmcu roucmpvruu
ro ecrt camo ecmeue).
BPEMR xe roucmpvruu (ro ecrt, eoe naxonrcx mo:ra,
r koropo Bt nooeoueme ecrnne)
Bt kak n ncera nokastnaere qopo have:
Hacmoauee
" Ooouent onro!!!
I HAVE BEEN WAITING for this money all my life!
a xe ouuu w+muue qoo uc +auu oo. +a .aq
A B +rnx ener ncm cnom xnsnt!
V ... uauau xart
kora-ro,
oxnanne tno uumeuoum
('all my liIe),
n xy x O uacmoaueeo +o+euma ( have) !!!
Em PA3.
0opo have (have/ has had will have) Bt kak ncera
nokaxere, IE no npemenn naxonrcx ror +o+eum nnn ra mo:ra
omc:ma, no koropym nooeouemc +ro Bame pacmuvmoe,
o.ueec ecrnne ( nnrentnoe oruoauue) !
(B auuo cnyuae +ra $ mo:ra omc:ma naxonrcx
n ceuac n uacmoaue npemenn ! ... have ... !!!).
HAC1ORHEE epe+:
HBV n +rom ome yxe 10 ner
(uauau xnrt pauoue n xnny o cux nop
Hacmoauee npemx K ceeoouuue+v +o+eumv).

"
I HAVE LIVED in this house for 10 years already.
a xe .ueo uu uc xavc qoo mou nos oo.p+ou
Bvrea.iuo:
V menx HPOH1O ...;

BVVHEE epe+:
"
" CBAPK ror cyn K 5 uacam sanrpa.
I WILL HAVE COOKED that soup BY 5 oclock tomorrow.
a wn. xe rvrm m cvvn oa 5 or.or mo+opov
Bvrea.iuo:
V menx BVE1 CBAPEH ....

PACmHPEHHE.
Hemepmm mun ecrnn.
31o1 mun oecmeu ntpaxaercx no anrnnckn onontno-
rakn epo+osoro roucmpvrue, no roucmpvru +ra nacrontko
rpacuea, uro pan ne moxno n :vmor nonanpxutcx ..!!!
Ecnn ecrnne, nooeoue+oe no onpeennnt +o+eum
no npemenn ( Koucmpvru N3 ecrnne 'K), xnnxercx/
xnnxnoct/yer xnnxrtcx k romy xe em n
Hpouecco O, PAC1RHV1MM, BRHHMCR
( INGoei+ Prolonged BY-Action)
n Bm xornre +ry uumeuouocmo nouepknyrt
ro Bt moxere mexuu:ecru ouent nerko +ro cenart!
377 376
OHOHHHTEHIHIE PEKOMEHAHHH
HO COO1BE1C1BHK
nanonee ynorpenrentntx
AHIHHHCKHX 0OPM n KOHC1PVKHHH PYCCKHM
n HO HX YHOTPEBAEHHK:
1) BHEPA ! 2-n 4OPMA ( (e)D nnn ns Tao.ui):
... x nocunran/czen I counted/ate
2-n qop+a.
c 5 o 7
BHEPA poeuo e 7.34 x cunran/en I was*
eeco ent counting/eating.
K 5.00 x nocunran/czen I had*
counted/eaten.
* WAS n HAD 2-e qop+i;

2)
CEIOHR !
HH:eeo HE enaem nnn S,
WAS/WERE/WILL be.
CEHHAC ! AM / IS / ARE ...ing;
K ... ! HAVE / HAS / WILL have 3-x qop+a:
... x cunram/em I count/eat ...
npxmo ceuac x cunram/em I am
counting/eating.
eeco ent x cunram/em I am
counting/eating.
CEIOHR
c 5 o 7 x cunrau/eu I was
counting/eating.
" na +mo npemx x cocunrau I have
( K +moy momenry) counted/eaten.
}
A nor sect " mo:ra omc:ma naxonrcx n yyue !!!
K romy npemenn x yy xart ( nporov) yxe 5 uacon.
By that time I will have been waiting for 5 hours already.
oa m ma+ a wn. xe ouuu w+muue qoo qae avos oo.p+ou
Cmorpnre, kak nc uoeuuuo:
will have been waiting !
$ $ $
Hokastnaem: Bpea K Hpouecc
( .ume.iuocmi).

AHOmEO3.
A ceuac mt ykpacnm ocyxenne remt epe+u ropo.+
npu+epoe ]paso, koropym nponsnocnr na uncrom anrnnckom
Leonardo di Caprio n ]nntme Ue.oeer e re.esuo +acre,
n koropax nknmuaer n cex n xopomo emoncrpnpyer
CPA3Y neumx 3 muna oecmeu:
I HAVE BEEN in prison for 6 years npotB n rmptme 6 ner
a xe ouuu uu npusu qoo curc nos
(r.e. or ... n o ceronxmnero nx),
you FREED me nt ocnoonBn menx
mv qpuuo +uu (oouopasoeoe ecrnne n npouuo),
and now you ARE ASKING me a ceuac nt npocn1E menx
uo uav mv aa aacruue +uu (nmenno e auum! momenr)
to enter another prison. = cecrt n pyrym rmptmy.
mv +umo ouao npusu

{
{
{
379 378
HOBLE BO3MOHOCTH.
BCE roucmpvruu n cnoe ueus+euuuo qop+e
(n nce muni oecmeu) npekpacno moryr couerartcx
c (ummun) o.e+euma+u,
ro ecrt c rem, uro o menx nastnann +ooa.iui+u e.aeo.a+u
xorx, nonropxm, kakne xe +ro rnaront,
ecnn onn noome ne nsmenxmrcx
n y nnx ne1 nn onoro e.aeo.iuoeo npusuara ???
(Cmorpnre mo Hoem ruaccum caoyuumeuo).
COuETAHH 3BEMEH1OB c KOHC1PVKHHRMH.
3 B E M E H 1 ...:

Haccue:
I CAN BE killED.
a ru ouu ru.o
MOIV BM1L vou1(-i+) Menx moxno ynrt.

1-n mun ecrnn ecrnnx Bau!:

I CAN READ any English book.
a ru puuo +uu nue.uui ovr
MOIV HPOHEC1L nmym anrnnckym knnry.

2-n mun ecrnn ecrnnx Hpouecca:

You SHOULD BE LIVING here.
mv umo ouu .neuue xno
Tee BM CBEOBABO H1L sect.

K 5.00 x cocunrau/ceu I had

counted/eaten.
CEIOHR c 5 o 7 x yy cunrart/ecrt
I will be counting/eating.
K 5.00 x cocunram/czem I will
have counted/eaten;

3) WILL rnaron;
3AB1PA ! WILL be ...ing;
WILL have 3-n qop+a:
... x yy cunrart/ecrt I will count/eat.
... x cocunram
c 5 o 7
x yy cunrart/ecrt
3AB1PA
poeuo e 7.34
I will be counting/eating.
eeco ent
K 5.00 x cocunram/cem
I will have counted/eaten.

Bnnre $, eese n n umo cnyuae

BPEMR mt nokastnaem
2-o 0OPMOH camoro rnarona (1- mun ecrnn)
nnn xe 0OPMAMH be n/nn 'have (n roucmpvrux).
1HH xe ecrnnx n cmcu ero (n roucmpvrux)
mt nokastnaem 3-en nnn INGoeo 0OPMOH
cmtcnonoro rnarona
(ro ecrt rem nnn nntm onpeeueuue) !!!

}
{
{
{
381 380
HETEOPETHuECKA HHmOPMAHHR
HO COHETAHHK BPEMH PYI C PYIOM
(nx HPAK1HHECKOIO HCHOHB3OBAHHB).
1) Bor IAABHOE nx Bac n onontno-rakn npocroe
HPABHAO X1:
Ecnn rnaron euaeuoeo npenoxennx ro ecrt nepeo
uacrn ncero npenoxennx cronr n npocmo+ npoueue
epe+euu no 2-n qop+e, ro n rnaron emopo uacrn +roro
npenoxennx onxen onsa1eutno croxrt 1oae n npoueue
epe+euu (nno c o.e+eumo+ would c+ompu oa.ee).
To ecrt:
ecnn no-pycckn uoano ckasart: ymaB, uro cxoV c yma
ro ecrt qop+a uacmoaueeo epe+euu (cxoV)
nny1pn npoueueeo ecrnnx (ymaH),
ro no-anrnnckn OBA ecrnnx onxnt croxrt
n HPOHEHEM npemenn.

I THOUGHT (that) I WAS GETTING MAD.

a oom m a wos e+muue +o
yman, uro x cxoxy/cxonu c yma
ymaB, uro x CTAHOBHBC cymacmemnm.
Bor rakne npnmept na +ry remy anan npo]. B.K. Mmnnep
n epa++amu:ecro uacrn cnoero nsnecrnemero cnonapx:
cnpocnu, kak ero sony1 I asked what his name was.
a aacrm wom xus uo+ wos
ckasau emy, uro emy uoano (muo) cenart +ro.
I told him (that) he was allowed to do this.
a mov.o xu+ m xu wos o.avo mv ovv uc

3-n mun ecrnn ecrnnx K:

I COULD HAVE EATEN this soup.
a rvo xe uumu uc cvvn
MOI (yxe) C1EC1L +ror cyn.

4-n mun ecrnn Hpoecc O:

I MIGHT HAVE BEEN WAITING for you all my life.
a +am xe ouuu w+muue qoo mv oo. +a .aq
MOI BM H P O A 1 L rex ncm cnom xnsnt.
"

+om

H yntnnrect, ncnomnnn, kak kora-ro esornercrnenno nenn

nerkomtcnennte Apaoecru:
We SHOULD BE THINKING about some drinking!.
wn umo ouu nuruue ooavm ca+ opnuruue
B cmtcne: A ne nopa nn nam noart?!.
A n Moe nperpacuo .eou 3nnsa yynnrn sannnanact:
I COULD HAVE DANCED all night,
And COULD HAVE BEGGED for more!
uo rvo xe ooeo qoo +oo
MOIBA BM 1AHHEBA1L ncm nout,
H MOIBA BM HOHPOCH1L em!.

HE 3ABLBAHTE !!!
Mo E-mail apec:
andrapublishyandex.ru
383 382
Kak Bt, naemct, samernnn,
BVVHEE n HPOHEHEM
no ncex ntmenpnnenntx npnmepax
a noome-ro,
BCEIA
nr uepes ... WV ... ... WOULD ...,
a HE uepes will!

Kpome +roro, em pas opamam Bame nnnmanne na ro, uro

n monx anrunncxnx npnmepax () cnoneuko
... that ... m ..., uro ..., ..., koropt ...
sauacrym cronr n ckokax,
r.k. n anrnncknx npenoxennxx ono concem ue oxsarentno!

Em HPHMEPL H 3A3YFPHBAHH:
suau, uro ona craxem emy +ro.
I knew (that) she WOULD tell him this.
a umv m uiu wvo mo. xu+ uc
H:
suau, uro ona (em pantme) crasaua emy +ro.
I knew she HAD TOLD him this.
a umv uiu xo mov.o xu+ uc
Mt suauu, uro onn ue saeoeopam no-anrnnckn.
We knew they WOULDNT speak English.
wn umv o wvoum cnuur nue.uui
Ham crasauu, uro onn yym ronont.
We were told (that) they WOULD be hungry.
wn w+o mov.o m o wvo ouu xauepu
crasau, uro x ue noy rya.
I said (that) I WOULDNT GO there.
a coo m a wvoum eov +o
NB!
Ecnn xe rnaron euaeuoeo npenoxennx
cronr n onom ns uacmoauux nnn yyuux epe+u,
ro rnaron emopoeo npenoxennx
moxer croxrt npakrnueckn n umo epe+euu
coopasno c neoxonmocrtm ronopxmero:
snam, uro on +ro ronopnn! I know (that) he said it!
a uov m xu coo um
nnkora ne nonepm, uro on rakoe ckasan I will never believe
(that) he said such a thing.
cntman, uro on nosnpamaercx.
I have heard (that) he is coming back;
a xe xo m xu us ra+uue or

2) Bropoe OHEHL BAHOE nx Bac npannno

BVVHEE n HPOHEHEM:
ckasaB emy, uro npuy I told him I would come.
a moyu xu+ a wy ra
ncera ymaB, uro CTAHY nrunkom.
I always thoughT (that) I WOULD become a pilot.
a oo.wos oom (m) a WV ura ona.om
Tt nnkora ne noospenaBa, uro on HPEACT rex.
You never suspecteD (that) he WOULD betray you.
mv u+eo cocn+rmuo (m) xu WV ump+ mv
On ne snaB, uro BYET aaue1t o +rom ncm cnom xnsnt.
He didnt know (that) he WOULD regret about it all his life.
xu ououm uov (m) xu WV puep+m ooavm um oo. xus .aq
( BYY OHXEH )
ne oxnaB, uro mne HPHTCR yexart.
I didnt expect (that) I WOULD HAVE TO leave.
a ououm urcn+rm (m) AH WV XB 1V .uue
385 384
HPEOFPA3OBAHHE HPRMOH PEuH
B! KOCBEHHVK.
Hpannna Coe.acoeauu/co:emauu epe+u ecrnymr
n npn nepeeooe np+o anrnncko peun n! roceeuuvm.
Inanntm npannnom n annom cnyuae xnnxercx oxsarentnocrt
nx oenx uacre npenoxennx
croxrt e ouo u mo xe npemenn.
Onako ecrt n ononnnrentnte 7 npannn +roro nepeeooa,
ne nmemmne npxmoro ornomennx k anrnncknm epe+eua+ n
roucmpvru+, n koropte moxno nepeuncnnrt nkparne n no xox,
(uyrt anee +rn npaeu.a
nornepxamrcx konkperntmn npnmepamn) :
1) Inaron 'say samenxercx! na rnaron 'tell
(ro ecrt say ! tell);
2) 3anmie, raei:ru n eonpocume.iuie suaru onyckamrcx;
3) Cvoermuie mecronmennx ( cvoermi)
n npumrame.iuie +ecmou+euu
( onsa1eutnme onpeoe.ume.u)
samenxmrcx coornercrnenno cmtcny;
4) Hponcxonr cneymmax noc1onnnan sa+eua cnon:
will ! would
this ! that
these ! those
now ! then
today ! that day
yesterday ! the day before
tomorrow ! the next day
ago ! before
here ! there;
uaeauca, uro emy ue craxym.
I hoped they WOULDNT tell him.
a xovnm o wvoum mo. xu+

H nx nyme yenrentnocrn nor Bam ]pasa ns +nna Mop+na

( anropa Hepeo rpoeu):
Heres the postcard I THOUGHT I WOULD never SEND.
xnos onovcmraao a oom a wvo u+eo couo
Bor orkptrka, (koropym) x ov+aBa, (uro) nnkora ne HOHBK.

NB!
OFHAXHBARHH HKAHC
CKOPEE AR HHmOPMAHHH, uEM AR EHCTBHR.
Onako, ecnn Bt ronopnre o um-ro oueuseecmuo
nnn peeyuapuo noemopamueca,
ro moxno n ne conmart Hpannn coe.acoeauu epe+u:
I read that drinking IS not good for health.
a poo m opnuruue us uom evo qoo xo.
uumau, uro ntxncrno ne nonesno nx sopontx.
We didnt know what time the film usually BEGINS.
wn ououm uov wom ma+ oqn.+ mvrie.u ouenus
Mt ue snaun no ckontko otuno naunnaemcx ]nntm.

Ynaxaemte rocnoa!
Ocoeuuo pekomenym Bam cnom nonym knnry 5 ceucauu,
koropax (kpome ncero npouero) ykaxer Bam n npxmo nyrt
k sayuueauum anrnncknx cuoe!
Takxe ouent conerym npnoperart mon BHEOKVPCM !!!
387 386
PEKOMEHAHH
HO OCTHEHHK FICTPOIO PE3YALTATA.
O1BEHAH1E me re, HEM CHPALHBAPT
(nno n vmeepoume.iuo, nno n ompuame.iuo qop+e):
DO you know him? YES, I DO! NO, I DONT !
DOES she know him? YES, she DOES! NO, she DOESNT !
DID they write this? YES, they DID! NO, they DIDNT !
WILL they come? YES, they WILL! NO, they WONT!
CAN she do this? YES, she CAN! NO, she CA

NNOT!
HAVE you a friend? YES, I HAVE! NO, I HAVENT!
HAS she a book? YES, she HAS! NO, she HASNT!
HAD they any money? YES, they HAD NO, they HADNT!
WILL we have a lunch? YES, we WILL! NO, we WONT!
IS our cat there? YES, it IS! NO, it ISNT!
WERE our cats there? YES, they WERE! NO, they WERENT!
WILL our cats be there? YES, they WILL! NO, they WONT!
HO:
DON`1 you read it? YES, I DO! NO, I DON`1!
ISN`1 she there? YES, she IS! NO, she ISN`1!
WON`1 you come? YES, I WILL! NO, I WON`1!
CAN`1 they play? YES, they CAN! NO, they CAN`1!
n r..
5) Hpn neoxonmocrn oooae.mmc cnona
whether w+o (nnn if uq) ... uu ...;
6) B noee.ume.iuo+ uar.oueuuu
rnaron n 1-n ( n c.oeapuo) qop+e
samenxercx! na rnaron c :acmue to ;
7) 3anpeuamua :acmua Dont
samenxercx! na npocroe ompuauue not.
Hocnenne 2 nynkra moxno cnecrn k npocro sa+eue
Dont ! ... not to ....
HPHMEPL:
She said to me: ! She told me (that)
We will leave ! we would leave
tomorrow ! the next day.
They asked us: ! They asked us whether (nnn: if)
Have you ! we had
read the book? read the book.
You asked me: You asked me
Where where
do you ! I
go? ! went.
He said to her: ! He told her
Come ! to come
to me! ! to him.
She said to me: ! She told me
Dont ! not to
kiss her! kiss her.

389 388
Ecnn xe +ror cyzerm/ozerm ncrpeuaercx nam nnepnme,
n mt o +roro o nm ne cntxann ro or nero onsa1eutno nyxno
na ncxkn cnyua omoopumic, onsa1eutno nocnontsonanmnct
HEonpeeuuum apmur.e+, n ckasan:
OHH ..., KAKOH-1O ..., HEKHH ... AN
nnn A u/o,
uro pantme npocro snaunno OnH!!!:
1) 'I see A girl;
2) I see THE girl u ro, u ro
epa++amu:ecru npannutno,
no pasuua ecmo, n ona saknmuaercx n rom,
uro n nepnom cnyuae +ra oeevura nnmt ooua us uoeux,
no nropom cnyuae ueuuo ma caaa, rourpemuaa oeevura !
Inannoe urot
xomo raro-mo onpeoe.ume.i/apmur.i BMB !!!
A nmnpa1t +ror onpeoe.ume.i
nyxno npocro coopasno spaeoy cmcuy !!!

Hy a pas AN/A snaunr OHH,

ro ero (ecmecmeeuuo !!!) HEBL3R cmaeumo
nepe cvoerma+u/ooerma+u no +uorecmeeuuo+ uncne!!!
net Oouu cronM u no-pycckn npx nn kro-nnyt ckaxer ..!
To ecrt n +mo cnyuae $
ueonpeoe.uuoe cvuecmeume.iuoe
(croxmee no uoxecmeeuuo uncne!)
oxem trt eo.i+ es onpeoe.ume. !!! (Crp. 392).

OBR3ATEALHLE OHPEEHHTEHH
AN, A n THE (r.n. apmur.u).
o cnx nop mt crapannct voeeami or apmur., renept
xe anare sa cur ncnoutsonannn apmur. OBOIATHM nam
anrnnckn n cenaem ero em onee orartm n npannntntm !!!
Bomic apmur. ne nyxno, rak kak on na camom-ro ene
ouent yoen npocro ornecnrect k nemy kak k cuoey,
kak k ouoy us onsa1eutnmx onpeoe.ume.e
n kak k em onomy onpeoe.euum no onpeoe.euum N1
(rak kak on ncera cronr nepe pyrnmn onpeoe.euu+u).
Aue.osi:uie ontmne ovreoeoi, n onn nmxr nc vmo:umi
no+romy onn ncera
npn nomomn apmur. ( onpeeuumeua)
n oasameuoueue nopxke norasieamm nam (nnn mt ronopx
no-anrnnckn oxsarentno ouanm norasieami)
o raro npemere nnn nnne ( cyzerme/ozerme)
nr peut ...
Ecnn mt +ror npemer nnn, nanpnmep, +roro uenoneka VE
snaem nnn o nm VE kora-ro mna peut (ro ecrt on nx nac
onpeeuu, useecmeu) ro mt (ronopx no-anrnnckn) n onxnt
onsa1eutno nocnontsonartcx onpeeuuum apmur.e+, ro
ecrt onsa1eutno ckasart:
1O1 ..., 1O1 camt ..., 1E camte ...
no-anrnnckn THE ... o.
H crannrcx +ro THE nepe cyzermau/ozermau
n umou uncne
( u no uoxecmeeuuo the boy/the boys) !!!
391 390
" mo
% Hauomo tno sennoe.
*
Ha nm tnn % oipi.,
*
samnrte % senntmn nnrkamn.
" oouu
Mt cenn n % aemoovc.
" Tom
% Aemoyc tn nepenonnen.
The coat was green.
orovm wos epuuu
*
There were % holes on it.
+o w xov.s ou nm
*
mended with % green threads.
++uouo wn epuuu poos
We took A bus.
wn mvr ooac
THE bus was overcrowded.
ooac wos oveorpavouo
Kak nnnre $, npocrtm rvpcueo+ (ro ecrt uar.ouui+
upuqmo+) ntenent cnona,
ncrpeuammnecx B HEPBBH PA3, n, coornercrnenno,
EHE nam HE3HAKOMBE.
Onn, ec1ec1nenno, o]opmnent HEOHPEEHEHHBM apmur.e+
(an/a u/o).
anee 3TH E CAMLE cnona, ntenennte xupum
rvpcueo+, oosnauamr VE 3HAKOMBE rontko uro (nnn
panee) ecmpeuaeuueca nam nonxrnx.
Coornercrnenno (rak kak o nnx VE ronopnnoct PAHBLE),
+rn cnona o]opmnxmrcx OHPEEBHHMM apmur.e+ (the o).
To ecrt, ecnn cnono nonropxercx emopo pas,
ro ono omuno oqop+.emc aprnknem 'the !!!

* Cm. crp. 392

urot ueeue tno npousuocumo, nepe cnonamn, koropte
naunnamrcx c e.acuix, nyxno ronopnrt an ... u,
a nepe coe.acui+u nyxno ronopnrt a ... +ro n exy xcno:
A boy mantunk AN apricot apnkoc.
o oo u +npurom
Ho ecrt n napa nrknx umaucoe:
1) eno n rom, uro ykna h- n nauane anrnnckoro cnona
nnora mo.iro nuuemca, no ne nponsnocnrcx
n +rom cnyuae nyxno ncnontsonart AN, nanpnmep:
AN hour H avo uac,
no:
A hot dish 3 xom ouui ropxuee nmo;
2) ykna U- n nauane anrnnckoro cnona
nnora unraercx kak A-, a nnora kak Ky-.
Coornercrnenno:
AN umbrella H A+op+.o sonr(-nk),
n:
A union 3 Kvuuou coms.

A nor Bam 2 mercmura, nosnonxmmne nonxrt qvurum apmur.e

n cy1t nx yno1peuennn
(oparnre nnnmanne na nocueuu nocue rekcron):
" oouoeo
Buepa x ncrpernn % opvea.
" moeo " oouo
Y % pyea tno % crapoe na.imo.
Yesterday I met A friend.
ecmooo a +om oqp+uo
THE friend had AN old coat.
oqp+uo xo ouov.o rovm
393 392
HOPRKOBMH HOMEP.
urot oosnaunrt HOPRKOBMH uoep uero-nnyt,
Bam nyxno K uucuy ( K uqpe)
npocro npnannrt BOCLMOE orou:auue th ,
nanpnmep:
4 four qoo ! uernprm fourTH qoo
B rex :uc.ume.iuix,
koropte cocroxr ns uecrouorux cnon axe n ouent nnnntx
th npnannxre 1outxo r HOCBEHEMV cnony
(1ouno kak no-pyccxn !!!):
24 twenty four me+umu qoo ! nanart uernprm
twenty fourTH.
mw+umu qoo

HE-HPABHBLHME noporoeie uncnnrentnte (7 umyr):

(the) first qcm nepnt,
(the) second c+rouo nropo,
(the) third o rpern,
(the) fifth quq nxrt,
(the) eighth o noctmo,
(the) ninth uau enxrt,
(the) twelfth mwo.q nenanart.
Houemy ('the ...) ? Cmorpnre na 10 cm. anee!

Co nceun oc1autnmun uncnnrentntmn

nponem, nonropxm, HE1:
urot opasonart or nnx noparoeme uncnnrentnte,
Bam ocrarouno
K rouuy cnona K :uc.ume.iuo+v
npocro npnann1t cmauoapmuoe orou:auue th .
H em onn rekcr:
AN old man lived (OHH) cmapur xnn
uov.o +u .ueo
in A small house n (OHOM) manentkom oo+e
uu oc+oo. xavc
near A forest. pxom c (OHHM) .eco+.
uno oqopucm
One day THE old man Onaxt (31O1 CAMMH) cmapur
wau oo oov.o +u
left THE house ymn ns (1OIO CAMOIO) oo+a
.eqm oxavc
and went into THE forest n nomn n (1O1 CAMMH) .ec
uo w+um numv oqopucm
" ... * " 0 *
to collect % mushrooms. (utot) conpart % rpnt.
mv ro.erm +auipvv+s
1HE mushrooms were tasty. (1E) rpnt tnn nkycntmn.
o +auipvv+s w m+cmu

* Kak nnnre, nepe +rnmn cnonamn no uoxecmeeuuo :uc.e

HE1 nnkaknx apmur.e/onpeoe.ume.e!
Hponsomno +ro noromy, uro n o oipax, n o uumrax,
n o epuoax n +mux cnyuaxx ynomnnaercx enepeme a snaunr,
vuueepca.iuoe the crannrt sect ueuosa n n ro xe npemx
nce +rn 3 cnona croxr no uoxecmeeuuo :uc.e snaunr, o
nnx ueuosa ronopnrt n oouu ( an/a)
nor onn n ocrannct eo.i+u
Tak kak onpe.e.ume. oouu n anrnnckom npocro uem !!!

395 394
npnum -R ue nponsnocnrcx, a rontko nuuemca:
ontmOH ! ontmE big ! biggER,
mnnBH ! mnneE nice ! nicER n r..
Ecnn xe k anrnnckomy cnony VE :mo-nnyt roeoa-nnyt
tno npnanneno
(n ne naxno, o.uuuoe +ro cnono nnn ropomroe),
ro, ncnomnnn npekpacnoe Hpaeuuo paeyuruua X3, mt snaem,
uro Bououe uaeeuueamo vre ueuosa!!!
no+romy mt HE ynnnxem cnono em onnm orou:auue+,
a enaem u +ro kak no-pycckn, ro ecrt ronopnm:
BOBEE ... MORE ... +oo:
nnn:
BOBEE ycrant ! MORE tireD oo maoo
Vxe npnannennte orou:auu "$
BOBEE nnrepecnt ! MORE interestING.
A urot no-anrnnckn ckasart CAMMH ... nnn HAH...,
mt na rex xe camtx ycnonnxx onxnt r rouuy (ueus+euuuoeo)
cnona npnannrt orou:auue EST ucm,
a nepe cnonom onsa1eutno nocrannrt em
n onpeeuuum apmur.i THE ... (nnn pyro oasam. onpeo.),
rak kak yx ecnn kro-ro, nanpnmep, cam +u.i,
ro yx xnno useecmuo, kro ...!
Ecnn xe cnono VE onn pas tno nsmeneno
( orou:auue), ro ncnomnnn n sect Hpaeuuo paeyuruua
X3 mt onsa1eutno onxnt ynorpenrt anrnnckoe cnono
CAMMH ... (the) MOST ... o+ovcm
H nonyuaercx:
CAMMH mnnBH ... ! THE nicEST ... o uacucm
Cam cnmnarnunt
CAMMH nnrepecnt ! THE MOST interestING ...
Cam nnrepecnt
H kak x nncan n Iapaumupoeauuo aueuucro sa 3,5 ua:
B ouo mepenre moxer trt
TOHIKO OHH eauamo namm co.oam
snaunr, on xnno 'H3BEC1EH,
snaunr, onsa1eutno vrarume na +ro
'OHPEEBHHMM APTHKHEM !!!:
nostmy mpuoami ceoi+VK knnry.
Ill take THE thirty sevenTH book.
a. mor + mu c+eou ovr
To ecrt noparoeme :uc.ume.iuie otuno o]opmnxmrcx
OHPEEBH1EBEM '1HE !
CXEMA:

OBR3A1EBLHMH
HOPBKOBOE

OHPEEHHTEHB
HHCAHTEALHOE CAOBO.
(c 'th nnn ono & ns 6-mu)

Kora n 1927 roy na sanoe uopa n Xan+n-Hapke c

konneepa comna 15-rnmnnnnonnax Moeuo 1, n koropo exann
cam X+npn uop n ero ctn 3c+nt, na opry anromonnx n tno
nanncano:
THE fifteen millionTH !!!

CTEHEHH CPABHEHHR.
Cpaeuumi uro-nnyt c uem-nnyt no-anrnnckn em nerue,
uem no-pycckn ...
Mm npnannxem k ropum cnona E
n aue.osi:uie enamr rouno rak xe
rontko nnmy1 onn uyrt nnaue: ER,
n npnannxmr onn +ro ER ne k ropum, a npxmo k cnony
397 396
old
ov.o
crapt
!
!
elder
+.oo
crapme,
crapee,
nspocnee
the eldest
o +.oucm
camt crapmn,
camt nspocnt,
camt crapt,
crapemn,
nancrapemn.
Onako y cnona 'old nosmoxnt n qop+i
older crapme n 'the oldest camt crapmn,
ov.oo o ov.oucm
ecnn peut nr nuenno n 1outxo o BO3PACTE,
a HE o crapmnncrne.

Hy uro x, rocnoa n pystx!

Tenept y Bac ecrt 2 antrepnarnnt:
1) Bt moxere ptctm noexart na kakne-nnyt rvpci, orart
neckontko coren akcon npenooaeame.+ n ner em +ak 5
nocnxrnrt ei()v:ueauum
ocranmnxcx 20 aue.osnann nekcnkn n nmancon;
2) Bt moxere norn n knnxnt marasnn, sa roneru kynnrt ram
pyrne
ruueu Anekcanpa parynxnna
( ero Bueorypc),
n 1axnu opasom pemnrt
nourn nce Bamn aue.osi:uie nponemt !!!

Hnmnre mne na apec

andrapublishyandex.ru
pyrne knnrn n BHEOKVPCM A. parynknna
moxno rakxe npnopecrn, nosnonnn no rene]onam:
8-901-301-27-57 n Cankr-Herepypre.
(095) 517-00-95 n Mockne.
H:
CAMMH ycrant ! THE MOST tireD ...
o +ovcm maoo
Cam ycrant.
Ecrt 10 onpeoe.euu ", c koroptmn +rn $ +auunv.uu nponsnonrt
neutsn.
Cmeneuu cpaeueuu or nnx ne opasym1cn nnxax
rak uro 14 cnon 14 uenpaeu.iuix cmeneue cpaeueuu
or +rnx 10 onpeoe.euu
nyxno npocro onopasono emsypumo !!!:
HE-HPABHHBHBE C1EHEHH CPABHEHHR:
well, good
w+., evo
xopomo, xopomn
bad, evil
oo, uue.
nnoxo, sno
many, much
++uu, +am:
mnoro
few, little
qmv, .um.
mano
far
qaa
ankn,
aneko
!
!
!
!
!
better
o+mo
nyume
worse
wc
xyxe,
snee
more
+oo
ontme,
onee
less
.ec
mentme,
menee
farther
qaao
further
qo
antme,
anee
!
!
!
!
!
u.u:
!
the best
oo+cm
camt nyumn
nannyumn
the worst
owcm
camt nnoxo,
nanxymn
the most
o+ovcm
camt, nanonee,
nanontmee
the least
o.nucm
camoe manoe,
nanmentmee,
nanmenee
the farthest
+qaaucm
the furthest
oqucm
camt antnn,
camt ankn
399 398
n) Cymecrnnrentnte, ynorpenxemte 1outxo n eouucmeeuuo+ uncne
( c rnaronom na (e)S):
advice
craft
evidence
furniture
information
hair
knowledge
luggage
money
progress
nonsense
ooeac
rpaaqm
+euoouc
quum:o
uuqo++uiu
x+o
uoo.uori
.aeuori
+auu
npoepoc
uoucouc
coner/-t
cy/-no,-a
okasarentcrn/-o,-a
meent
nn]opmannx
nonoc/-t
snann/-e,-x
arax
entrn
nporpecc
epyna, eccmtcnnna

Pyccko-Pycckne 0opmynt.
3HAHTE, uro B1OPMM (II) napnanram PPm
coornercrnymr nx yreauoume anrnnckne nepenot:
I: ! II: Anru.:
ponncx ! mu poxu I was born ooou
Cnntnee menx ! Cnntnee, ue menx Stronger than me.
a emy cenart +ro ! Hoseouo ey cenart +ro!
Let him do it
Y menx ecrt ... ! uem ... I have ...
! Y menx ueemca Ive got
Y nero ecrt ... ! On ueem ... He has ...
! Y nero ueemca Hes got
Tt noeuameau sa nnmn? Her, x HE EBAB +roro ...
No, I DIDNT DO that ...
Menx nakasaun ! mu nakasau I was punished nauuuim
CHPABOHHAR HACTL.
1) HEnpaeuuoume cymecrnnrentnte (27 umvr):
a) Cymecrnnrentnte, nmemmne ue-npaeu.iuvm qop+v
uoxecmeeuuoeo uncna:
Euucme. uncno: ! Muox. uncno:
child
m:a.o
foot
qvm
goose
evvc
louse
.avc
mouse
+avc
man
+u
woman
wy++u
ox
orc
tooth
mvv
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
children
:m.opou
feet
quum
geese
euuc
lice
.ac
mice
+ac
men
+ou
women
wn+uu
oxen
orcu
teeth
muu
erH
crynnH
rycH
nmH
mtmH
myxunnB
xenmnnB
nonB
syB;
) Ouuaroeaa qop+a cymecrnnrentnoro
n eouucmeeuuo+ n no +uorecmeeuuo+ uncne:
aircraft
deer
grand
quid
salmon
sheep
trout
+orpaaqm
ono
epuo
rwuo
caa+ou
uiuun
mpavm
camonr/-t
one/-nt/-nn
mryka (mic:a)
]ynr crepnnnron (aue..)
noco/-ct/-cn
onn/-a/-t
]ope/-nt/-nn;
401 400
CBOHA TAFHHHA ECRTH OKOHHAHHH
(nx npnmepon nostmm npaeu.iui rnaron
paint noum xpacn1t):
N Bn orouuauua: K uey npucoeouuemc? Hmo ouo oam?
S
S
S
(e)D o,
uo,
m
ING uue
1a.
1o.
1e.
2.
3.
k cvuecmeume.iuo+v
n eouucmeeuuo+ :uc.e:
boyS
nocne On/-a/-o u Kro?
n cvuecmeume.iuix
n euucmeeuuo uncne
k e.aeo.v:
paintS
k cvuecmeume.iui+
n k u+eua+
coocmeeuui+:
my motherS
MichaelS
k npaeuuouoy e.aeo.v:
paintED
a) npoueuee npemx:
) naccueuoe onpeen.:
k nmomy e.aeo.v:
paintING
a) oeenpu:acmue:
) armueuoe onpeen.:
n) cymecrnnrentnoe:
Muoxecme. :uc.o:
mantunkH;
kpacH1;
Buaeuoua:
moe marEP`H,
Makn`OB;
(no-)kpacnB;
nokpamEH/nt,
okpamnnaEMt;
kpacR;
kpacRHn,
kpacnBHn;
kpamEHHE;
Ero oneun ! On mu onxeu He was offended oq+uouo
1 2 3
Knaprnpa moe marepn ! Moe marep`n knaprnpa.
My mothers flat.
xouy, urot menx narpannn ! xouy mmo narpaxu(-ui+).
I want to be rewarded.
puwooouo
yy xyoxnnkom ! yy mmo xyoxnnkom.
I will be an artist aamucm
cmory . ! yy (oimi) e cocmoauuu
I will be able (to)
kynnn ! V eua (ecmi) kynneu(-ui)
I have bought ooom
Mne t norn ! ouxeu mu m norn.
I should go.
Mne m cecrt xnoko 1) m xomeu cecrt xnoko.
Id like to eat an apple;
2) ouxeu mu m cecrt xnoko.
I should eat an apple.
Mne ckasann ! mu nsnemu I was told mov.o
Mne xouercx ! xouy I want (to) ...
Mne npannrcx ... ! cunamusupym / ooxam ...
I like (to) ... .ar
402
Hape:ue:
tcrpO;
nonpemx,
exenennO;
Onpeoe.euue.
nerpEHBH;
Hoparoeme
:uc.ume.iuie.
cetmOH;
ouee ...:
ymneE
pantmE, paneE;
cam ymnt,
uauymnemn;
cam pannn.
N Bn orouuauua: K uey npucoeouuemc? Hmo ouo oam?

BOT H BC !!!
Fontme n anrnnckom xstke
HHHEIO co cnonom (n nenxx nsuenennn ero qvuruu)
cenart HEBL3R !!!

4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
LY .u
Y u
TH
ER o
EST ucm
k onpeoe.euu+:
quickLY
n k cvuecmeum.:
timeLY
dayLY
k cvuecmeumeume.iui+:
windY
k ro.u:ecmeeuui+
:uc.ume.iui+:
sevenTH
k npu.aeame.iui+:
smartER
n k uape:u+:
earliER
k npu.aeame.iui+:
the smartEST
n k uape:u+:
the earliEST
403
HEPBAR TABHHHA HEHPABHBLHMX IhAIOhOB
(co nceun rpemx onnaxonmun qop+a+u
(22 mryxn),
ro ecrt nx cuoeapuaa qop+a,
nx npoueuee epe+
n nx naccueuoe onpeeueuue
+ro ]axrnuecxn ouo u mo xe cuono):
bet (bet, bet,) oom epxart napn, cnopnrt
burst (burst, burst) ocm nonnyrt
cast (cast, cast) raacm pocart; nnrt (merann)
cost (cost, cost) rocm cronrt
cut (cut, cut) ram pesart
hit (hit, hit) xum yapxrt
hurt (hurt, hurt) xm enart ontno
knit (knit, knit) uum nxsart
let (let, let) .em nosnonxrt
put (put, put) nvm crannrt, xnacrt
quit (quit, quit) rwnm ocrannrt
rid (rid, rid)* puo ocnooxart
set (set, set) com crannrt
shed (shed, shed)* uieo repxrt
shred (shred, shred)* uipeo xpomcart
shut (shut, shut) um saxptnart
slit (slit, slit)* c.um paspesart
split (split, slplit) cn.um xonort
spread (spread, spread) cnpoo pacnpocrpanxrt
sweat (sweat, sweat) cw+m norert
thrust (thrust, thrust)* pacm ronxart.
* 3esoo:ra+u ormeuent auoynorpenrentnte cnona.
TAFhHHI HE-HPABHBLHMX IhAIOhOB.
405
404
n) 3ect " roxe 2-n n 3-n qop+i onnaxonm !
Hs+eueuu rnaronon n n +1on " noepvnne
raxxe nerxn nx sayunnannx,
n cnoxrcx
x noxnnennm '-t na xonne rnarona,
c ononpemenntm vropa:ueauue+ rnacno
n ero cepenne
(n c coornercrnymmnm us+eueuue+ e e npousuoueuuu !!!):
burn (burnt, burnt) ou (oum) ropert
creep (crept, crept) rpuun (rponm) nonsrn
deal (dealt, dealt) ouu. (oo.m) nmert eno c.
oronapnnartcx
dwell (dwelt, dwelt) ow+. (ow+.m) npoxnnart, xnrt
feel (Ielt, Ielt) quu. (qo.m) uyncrnonart
keep (kept, kept) ruun (ronm) (co)epxart
kneel (knelt, knelt) uuu. (uo.m) ncrart na xonenn;
croxrt na xonenxx
mean (meant, meant) +uuu (+oum) nmert n nny
ronopnrt ceptsno
meet (met, met) +uum (+om) ncrpeuart(-cx)
shoot (shot, shot) umvm (um) crpenxrt
sleep (slept, slept) c.uun (c.onm) cnart
smell (smelt, smelt) c+o. (c+o.m) naxnyrt, nmxart
spell (spelt, spelt) cno. (cno.m) nponsnocnrt
no yxnam
spill (spilt, spilt) cnu. (cnu.m) nponnnart(-cx),
pasptsrnnart(-cx)
sweep (swept, swept) cwnun (cw+nm) mecrn , nomerart
weep (wept, wept) wnun (w+nm) nnaxart.
BTOPAR TABHHHA
HEHPABHHBHBX IhAIOhOB
(ouent nrxax nx sayunnannx)
c onnaxonmun 2-n n 3-n qopau
(1-x uac1t +ro epvnni 27 mryx).
NB. Bcnomnnaem, uro
2-n qop+a +ro npoueuee npemx,
a 3-n qop+a +ro (naccnnnoe) onpeeueuue,
opasonannoe ns +roro xe e.aeo.a.
KAK ux 3AHOMHHATB?
a) Hs+eueuu, nponsomemne no 2-x n n 3-x qop+ax
cneymmnx e.aeo.oe " ouent ouoopasum.
B annom cnyuae onn cnennct nnmt
x vropa:ueauum rnacno n cepenne rnarona:
bleed (bled, bled) o.uuo (o.eo) xponorounrt
breed (bred, bred) opuuo (opoo) nopoxart
feed (Ied, Ied) quuo (qoo) xopmnrt
lead (led, led) .uuo (.eo) necrn
speed (sped, sped) cnuuo (cnoo) cnemnrt, rnart

have (had, had) xe (xo) nmert

(a sect npo#na.o 've- n npnannnoct uop+a.iuoe 'd);
) Tyr " nce us+eueuu
+ro nepexo '-d n$ '-t na xonne rnarona:
bend (bent, bent) oouo (ooum) crnart
build (built, built) ou.o (ou.m) crponrt
lend (lent, lent) .ouo (.oum) oanxnnart
send (sent, sent) couo (coum) noctnart
spend (spent, spent) cnouo (cnoum) rparnrt;
407
406
)
3ro " roxe uacrt rpynnt ruarouon
c onnaxonmun 2- npoueuu epe+eue+
n 3- naccnnntm onpeeueuue
qop+a+u.
Ho +rn ]opmt snaunrentno ornnuamrcx
or nx ae 1- qop+i.
KAK ux 3AHOMHHATB?
3ect " uyrt-uyrt norpynee,
no Hao suauum uao!.
Bo ncex 2-3-nx qop+ax xonen cnona
npenparnncx n$ '-ought -oom:
bring (brought, brought) opuue (opoom) npnnocnrt
buy (bought, bought) oa (ooom) noxynart
catch (cought, cought) rm: (room) xnarart;
nonnrt, nomart;
seek (sought, sought) cuur (coom) ncxart
teach (taught, taught) mii: (moom) oyuart, yunrt
think (thought, thought) uur (oom) ymart.
------------------------------
NB !
Ouent pexomenym oparnrt ocooe nnnmanne na mon xnnrn
5 cencannn
n
B uauaue muo cuoeo. Pyccroe.
Cnpamnnare nx n marasnnax Bamero ropoa
nnn
saxastnare n mom nnrepner-marasnne no apecy:
www.dragunkin.ru
A. parynxnn.
TPETBR TABHHHA
HEHPABHHBHBX IhAIOhOB
c onnaxonmun 2-n n 3-n qopau
(2-x uac1t +ro rpynnt 18 6 mryx).
KAK ux 3AHOMHHATB?
a) Oparnre nnnmanne na ro, uro
no 2-x n n 3-x qop+ax +1nx " rnaronon nsmennnact
1outxo e.acua nny1pn camoro cnona,
(uro snaunrentno oneruaer sanomnnanne):
1-n q.: 2-n q. 3-n q.:
cling (clung, clung) r.uue (r.aue) nennxrtcx
dig (dug, dug) oue (oae) xonart
fight (Iought, Iought) qam (qoom) partcx
find (Iound, Iound) qauo (qavuo) naxonrt
grind (ground, ground) epauo (epavuo) monort
hold (held, held) xov.o (xo.o) epxart
say (said, said) co (coo) cxasart
(sect nsm#ennnoct rontxo uanucauue rnacno: 'y $ i)
sell (sold, sold) co. (cov.o) npoa(na)rt
(a sect em # npnannnoct uop+a.iuoe 'd)
shine (shone, shone) uu (uvu) cnernrt
sit (sat, sat) cum (cm) cnert
slide (slid, slid) c.ao (c.uo) cxontsnrt
spin (spun, spun) cnuu (cnau) npxcrt;
xpyrnrt(-cx)
stand (stood, stood) cmuo (cmvo) croxrt
stick (stuck, stuck) cmur (cmar) nnnnyrt
sting (stung, stung) cmuue (cmaue) xannrt
swing (swung, swung) cwuue (cwaue) xauart
win (won, won) wnu (wau) noexart
wind (wound, wound) wauo (wavuo) namartnart;
nsnnnartcx;
409
408
beat (beat, beaten) ouum (oom, ouumu) nrt
begin (began, begun) - ouenu (oueu, oueau) naunnart
blow (blew, blown) o.v (o.mv, o.vu) yrt
break (broke, broken) opor (opovr, opovru) nomart
choose (chose, chosen) :vvs (:ovs, :ovsu) nt(n)part
do (did, done) ovv (ouo, oau) enart
draw (drew, drawn) opoo (opvv, opoou) ramnrt; pnconart
drive (drove, driven) opae (opove, opaeu) rnart;
nonrt (mamnny)
eat (ate, eaten) uum (om, uumu) ecrt, xymart
fall (Iell, Iallen) qoo. (qo., qoo.u) naart
fly (Ilew, Ilown) q.a (q.mv, q.ovu) nerart
forbear(Iorbore, Iorborne) qoo+o (qoooo, qoooou) nosepxnnartcx
forget (Iorgot, Iorgotten) qoe+m (qoeom, qoeomu) sat(na)rt
freeze (Iroze, Irozen) qpuus (qpovs, qpovsu) samepsart
give (gave, given) eue (eoe, eueu) a(na)rt
go* (went*, gone) eov (w+um, eou) nrn; yxonrt
grow (grew, grown) epov (epvv, epovu) pacrn
know (knew, known) uov (umv, uovu) snart
l i e (lay, lain) .a (.o, .ou) nexart
ride (rode, ridden) pao (povo, puou) exart (eepxo+)
ring (rang, rung) puue (pue, paue) snonnrt
rise (rose, risen) pas (povs, pasu) ncra(na)rt
see (saw, seen) cuu (coo, cuuu) nnert, cmorpert
shake (shook, shaken) uier (umr, uieru) rpxcrn
sing (sang, sung) cuue (cue, caue) nert
slay (slew, slain) c.o (c.mv, c.ou) yn(na)rt
speak (spoke, spoken) cnuur (cnovr, cnovru) ronopnrt
spring (sprang, sprung) cnpuue (cnpue, cnpaue) nptrnyrt
steal (stole, stolen) cmuu. (cmov., cmov.u) (y)xpacrt
stink (stank, stunk) cmuur (cmur, cmaur) nonxrt
stride (strode, stridden) cmpao (cmpovo, cmpuou) marart
strive (strove, striven) cmpae (cmpove, cmpaeu) crapartcx
HETBPTAR TABHHHA
HEHPABHHBHBX IhAIOhOB
(c pasntmn 2-n n 3-n qop+a+u ncero 55 mryx):
a)
KAK 3AHOMHHATI +mu 3 cnona?
"
herxo! Horomy uro 3-n qop+a rnaronon +ro norpynnt
connaae1 co cuoeapuo:
become (became, become) oura+ (our++, oura+)
cranonnrtcx
come (came, come) ra+ (ro+, ra+) npnrn, npnxonrt
run (ran, run) pau (pu, pau) exart, erart;
)
A 31H " ?
Toxe uerxo, noromy uro
nx 2-e qop+i npaeuuoume nce na 'D,
a 3-n uenpaeu.iuie nce na 'N:
lade (laded, laden) .oo (.+ouo, .oou) rpysnrt
mow (mowed, mown) +ov (+ovo, +ovu) xocnrt (mpaev)
rive (rived, riven) pae (paeo, paeu) (pas)pynrt
saw (sawed, sawn) coo (cooo, coou) nnnnrt
shave (shaved, shaven) uiee (uieeo, uieeu) pnrt
show (showed, shown) uv (uvo, uvu) noxas(tn)art
sow (sowed, sown) cov (covo, covu) cexrt
strew (strewed, strewn) cmpvv (cmpvvo, cmpvvu) ctnart
swell (swelled, swollen) - cw+. (cw+.o, cwoo.u) pacnyxart;
n)
Hy a sect nao oe. nanpnutcn!
arise (arose, arisen) opas (opovs, opasu) nosnnxart
bear (bore, born) o+o (ooo, ooou) pox()art
bear (bore, borne) o+o (ooo, ooou) necrn, nocnrt
411
410
HRTAR TABHHHA
HEHPABHHBHBX IhAIOhOB
(c rpemx pasnmun qop+a+u.
H ona xe camax ncmpa!
29 mryx).
3ro, noxany, cauan 1pynan rpynna e.aeo.oe,
nocxontxy nourn nce ns nnx nmemr
no ne 2-tx nnn 3-nx qop+i
no snart-ro nx nce panno nao!
(Cm. npu+e:auue n xonne +roro cnncxa).
Bet xpome ncero npouero
+ro em n otunoe ynennuenne Bamero xe cnonapnoro sanaca!
Homnnm, uro no n1opou cronnxe
eomoeme qop+i npoueueeo npemenn
epnre n ronopnre!,
a n mpemoe eomoeme qop+i (naccnnnoro) onpeeueuua
epnre n nontsyrect!
1-x qop+a 3nauenne: 2-x qop+a 3-x qop+a
(cuoeapuaa): (npou. epe+): (onpeeueuue):
awake npoctnartcx awoke awaked/awoke
ow+r owovr ow+rm, owovr
bid nenert; bid/bade bid/bidden
ouo npenarart ouo, ooo ouo, ouou
bind sanxstnart bound bound/bounden*
oauo oavuo oavuo, oavuoou
bite xycart bit bit /bitten
oam oum oum, oumu
cleave pacxantnart clave/cleft cleft
r.uue r.oe, r.oqm r.oqm
swear (swore, sworen) cw+o (cwoo, cwoou) xnxcrtcx
swim (swam, swum) cwn+ (cwo+, cwa+) nnanart, nntrt
take (took, taken) mor (mvr, moru) part, nsxrt
tear (tore, torn) m+o (moo, moou) pasptnart
throw (threw, thrown) pov (pvv, povu) pocart
wear (wore, worn) w+o (woo, woou) nocnrt (ooerov)
weave (wove, woven) wnue (wove, wyeu) rxart
write (wrote, written) pam (povm, pumu) (na)nncart.
* Oparnre nnnmanne:
ceronxmnxx 2-n qop+a rnarona 'go
( 'went w+um vu.)
esma anrnnuanamn y concem pyeoeo rnarona
y craporo rnarona 'wend, xoropt cnana Fory!
roxe snaunn uomu, vxooumi (cm. crp. 416)!
Tenept Bt snaere yxe npnmepno 70 noome ncex
uenpaeu.iuix rnaronon, n/nn snaunrentno ontme nononnnt
uenpaeu.iuix rnaronon nepeo ueooxoou+ocmu.
------------------------------
NB !
Mox mocxoncxax ]npma AHPA-M
oprannsyer oyuenne anrnncxomy no moe meronxe
c ntesom n rnnte crpant nnn n Anrnnm.
Hpenoam x cam.
Moxno conmecrnrt npumuoe c no.esui+!
E-mail: andra_mpochta.ru
Teu.: (095) 517-00-95
A. parynxnn
413
412
quit noxnart quitted/quit quitted/quit
rwum rwnmuo, rwnm rwnmuo, rwnm
rot rnnrt rotted rotted/rotten`
pom pomuo pomuo, pomu
seethe xnnert seethed seethed/sodden
cuu (:vecmea+u) cuuo cuuo, coou
sew mnrt sewed sewed/sewn`
cmv cmvo cmvo, cmvu
shrink cxn(na)rtcx shrank shrunk/shrunken`
uipuur uipur uipaur, uipauru
sink onycxart sank sunk/sunken`
cuur cur caur, cauru
spit nnenart spit/spat spat
cnum cnum, cnm cnm
spoil noprnrt spoiled/spoilt spoiled/spoilt
cno. cno.o, cno.m cno.o, cno.m
strike yapxrt struck struck/stricken*
cmpar cmpar cmpar, cmpuru
thrive nponnerart thrived/throve thrived/thriven
pae paeo, pove paeo, paeu
tread crynart trod trod/trodden
mpuuo mpoo mpoo, mpoou
work paorart worked/wrought worked/wrought.
wr wrm, poom wrm, poom
dare ocmennrtcx dared/durst dared
o+o o+oo, ocm o+oo
dream meurart dreamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt
opuu+ opuu+o, opo+m opuu+o, opo+m
drink nnrt drank drunk/drunken
opuur opur opaur, opauru
get nonyuart got got/gotten*
eom eom eom, eomu
grave ntcexart graved graved/graven*
epoe epoeo epoeo, epoeu
hang nemart hanged/hung hanged/hung
xue xueo, xaue xueo, xaue
hide npxrart hid hid/hidden*
xao xuo xuo, xuou
lean onnpartcx leaned/leant leaned/leant
.uuu .uuuo, .oum .uuuo, .oum
learn nsyuart learned learned/learnt`
.u .uo .uo, .um
light ocnemart lighted/lit lighted/lit
.am .amuo, .um .amuo, .um
melt nnannrt melted melted/molten`
+o.m ++.muo ++.muo, +o.mu
owe trt onxntm owed/ought owed
ov ovo, oom ovo
415
414
mECTAR TABHHHA
HEHPABHHBHBX IhAIOhOB
(ouent manoynorpenrentntx):
abide ooao xnrt
(abode, abode) (ooovo)
beget oue+m poxart
(begot, begotten) (oueom, oueomu)
behold ouxov.o nnert
(beheld, beheld) (oux+.o)
beseech oucnum: ymonxrt
(besought, besought) (oucoom)
chide :ao pannrt
(chid, chid/chidden) (:io, :io/:iou)
fling q.uue xnart
(Ilung, Ilung) (q.aue)
forsake qoc+r noxnart,
(Iorsook, Iorsaken) (qocyr, qoc+ru) pocart
gild eu.o sonornrt
(gilded, gilded/gilt*) (en.ouo, en.ouo/eu.m)
gird eo onoxc(tn)art
(girded/girt, girt) (eouo/em, em)
hew xmv pynrt
(hewed, hewed/hewn*) (xmvo, xmvo/xmvu)
ken** reu snart
(kent, kent) (reum)
* 4op+i, ormeuennte sesoo:ro,
ceronx yxe
ne yno1peunm1cn n cocrane roucmpvru,
a 1outxo:
a) xax camocroxrentnte onpeeueuua,
nanpnmep:
A SUNKEN ship 3A1OHVBHEE cyno.
A LEARN1 scholar HPOCBEHHHMH yunt.
WROUCH1 iron KOBAHOE xeneso;
) nnn xax uac1t cocmaeuix onpeoe.euu,
nanpnmep:
An horror-S1RICKEN man uenonex, OXBAHEHHMH yxacom
uopocmpuru +u ( vraco-OB1R1MH).
NB !
unrare pyrne noconx A. parynxnna:
Hoem ruaccum caoyuumeuo,
Houuuu ceo aueuucru!,
Onmuusupoeauum yueuur aueuucroeo,
Peauuamop Baueeo aueuucroeo,
Hoem mcmpm aueuucru ua +uepeuuumx ueumaee
n r..
416
rend pouo pnart
(rent, rent) (poum)
shear uino crpnut
(sheared, sheared/shorn*) (uinoo, uinoo/uou)
sling c.uue merart
(slung, slung) (c.aue) (ns npamn)
slink c.uur xpacrtcx
(slunk, slunk) (c.aur)
smite c+am yapxrt
(smote, smit/smitten) (c+ovm, c+um/c+umu)
stave cmoe nponamtnart
(staved/stove, staved/stove) (cmoeo, cmove)
string cmpuue nanns(tn)art
(strung, strung) (cmpaue)
wend** w+uo yxonrt
(went, went) (w+um)
wring puue xart (x.eo).
(wrung, wrung) (paue)
* 3rn 3-n qop+i ynorpenxmrcx
1outxo xax onpeeueuua;
** 3rn rnaront ceronx yxe ne ynorpenxmrcx,
no cnono/qop+a 'went
ceuac xnnxercx em n 2-on qop+o rnarona 'go.
o cnnannx, oporne pystx!
o ncrpeun n pyrnx monx xnnrax!!!
A. parynxnn