Problem 1 Let x; y; z be positive real numbers satisfying the condition x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1: Prove that

p
1 1 1 9+3 3
+ + :
1 x 1 y 1 z 2

(Zinxinh-mathscope)

Proof. The inequality can be written as

p
1 1 1 3+3 3
1 + 1 + 1 ;
1 x 1 y 1 z 2

or equivalently, p
x y z 3+3 3
+ + :
1 x 1 y 1 z 2
By the Cauchy Schwarz Inequality, we have

x y z (x2 + y 2 + z 2 )2 1
+ + = :
1 x 1 y 1 z x3 (1 x) + y 3 (1 y) + z 3 (1 z) (x3 + y 3 + z 3 ) (x4 + y 4 + z 4 )

Therefore, it su¢ ces to prove that

2
(x3 + y 3 + z 3 ) (x4 + y 4 + z 4 ) p :
3+3 3
Using now the AM-GM Inequality, we get

x2 + 3x4 y 2 + 3y 4 z 2 + 3z 4
x3 p ; y3 p ; z3 p :
2 3 2 3 2 3
It follows that
p !
3 3 3 4 4 4 x2 + y 2 + z 2 3
(x + y + z ) (x + y + z ) p 1 (x4 + y 4 + z 4 )
2 3 2
p ! 2
1 3 (x + y 2 + z 2 )2
p 1
2 3 2 3
p !
1 1 3 2
= p 1 = p :
2 3 3 2 3+3 3

1
The proof is completed. Equality holds if and only if x = y = z = p :
3