Bi ging: BTNG C S

Chng 6. Tnh ton cu kin chu nn 81

Chng 6 TNH TON CU KIN CHU NN
- Cu kin chu nn thng gp l ct, tng BTCT chu lc, vch cng, thn
cng, thanh chu nn ca dn BTCT, ...
- Cu kin chu nn c phn thnh 2 dng chnh: nn ng tm v nn lch
tm:
Nen ung tm Nen lch tm
e
o
=
M

Hnh 6.1
6.1. c im cu to:
6.1.1. Kch thc tit din:
- Cu kin chu nn ng tm thng c tit din i xng qua 2 trc nh: trn,
vung, a gic u, vnh khuyn, hp vung,...
- Cu kin chu nn lch tm thng c tit din ch nht, T, I,...chiu cao h
phi song song vi mt phng un, quan h b - h thng l h =(1,2 - 1,5)b.
- Vic xc nh s b tit din cn thit cho vic gii ni lc kt cu, tit din
c xc nh s b nh sau:
A =k
b
R
N
(6.1)
Trong : N : l lc dc tnh ton, xc nh s b bng cch cng tng ti
trng ca tt c cc tng (s c ni r hn trong mn btng
chuyn ngnh).
k : h s xt n nh hng ca moment, ly bng (0,9 1,1) cho
cu kin chu nn ng tm, bng (1,2 - 1,5) i vi cu kin
chu nn lch tm.
R
b
: cng chu nn ca btng.
- Khi chn kch thc tit din cn ch n iu kin n nh, c lin quan
n mnh , c hn ch nh sau :
o i vi tit din bt k :
r
=L
o
/r
gh
(6.2)
o i vi tit din ch nht c cnh nh l b :
b
=L
o
/b
ob
(6.3)
Bi ging: BTNG C S
Chng 6. Tnh ton cu kin chu nn 82
Trong : L
o
: l chiu cao tnh ton ca cu kin, ly nh hnh 6.2.
r: bn knh qun tnh nh nht ca tit din.

gh
: mnh gii hn, ly nh sau :
- i vi ct nh
gh
=120,
ob
=31;
- i vi cu kin khc
gh
=200,
ob
=52.
H
Lo =0,5H
Lo =0,7H (ct nhanhiu tng)
Lo =H Lo =2H

Hnh 6.2. xc nh L
o
, vi H l chiu cao cu kin
6.1.2. Cu to ct thp:
- Ct dc thng dng nhm AII hoc CII, cng trnh cao tng c th dng AIII
hoc CIII, ng knh thp t 12 40 m.m, nu cnh tit din 250 nn chn |16.
- Trong cu kin chu nn ng tm thp thng c b tr theo chu vi (i
xng theo cc cnh), xem hnh 6.3.a.
- Trong cu kin chu nn lch tm thp c th c b tr i xng (theo
phng chu lc) hoc khng i xng, xem hnh 6.3.b, c.
o B tr i xng khi ct c moment i du.
o B tr khng i xng khi ct c moment 2 hng khc nhau.
h
b
h
b b
h
3|20
Ast
3|20
2|16
3|20

Hnh 6.3. B tr thp trong ct
a). Ct chu nn ng tm, b tr thp theo chu vi; b). Ct chu nn lch tm b tr thp
i xng; c). Ct chu nn lch tm b tr thp khng i xng


a). b). c).
Bi ging: BTNG C S
Chng 6. Tnh ton cu kin chu nn 83
- Hm lng ct thp c qui nh nh sau:
o Cu kin chu nn ng tm :
min
% =
o
st
bh
A
100
max
=3,0%.
o Cu kin chu nn lch tm :
min
% =
o
st
bh
A
100
max
= 3,5%.
o A
st
l lng thp tng c 2 pha tit din (chu ko v chu nn); trong mt
s trng hp cho php ly hm lng
max

>3,0% (3,5%) nu m bo
vic thi cng tt, nhng
max

khng nn vt qu 6%.
o Hm lng ti thiu
min
, ph thuc mnh, ly theo bng 6.1:
Bng 6.1: Hm lng
min
theo mnh
mnh

min
(%)

r
17 hoc
h
5
17 <
r
35 hoc
h
10
35 <
r
83 hoc
h
24

r
>83
0,1
0,2
0,4
0,5
(vi
h
=L
o
/h, h l cnh ln tit din)
o Hm lng kinh t vo khong (1,5 - 2,5)%.
- Ct ai trong ct thng b tr cu to (v lc ct trong ct thng rt nh)
theo cc yu cu sau:
o ng knh ct ai |

max
doc
| /4 v 6 m.m.
o Ct c h > 600, nn dng |

8 m.m.
o Khong cch b tr: trong khong ni thp a100 m.m hoc 10
min
doc
| ; trong
khong cn li b tr nh sau:
a 15
min
doc
| v 500 m.m khi R
sc
400 MPa.
a 12
min
doc
| v 400 m.m khi R
sc
>400 MPa.
Ni chung d thi cng nn b tr khong a =150 200 m.m.
- Khi tit din c h 500 cn b tr thm
ct dc v ct ai tng cng (xem hnh 6.4 v
6.5), nhm m bo v tr ct dc chu lc v
ngn khng cho tit din b phnh ra trong qu
trnh chu nn, s ct dc cu to ph thuc vo
cnh h, sao cho khong cch gia 2 ct dc
400.
>= 2|12
h >=500
b
Ct ai cu tao
Ct doc cu tao
Hnh 6.4. B tr thp tng cng
Bi ging: BTNG C S
Chng 6. Tnh ton cu kin chu nn 84

6.2. Tnh ton cu kin chu nn ng tm:
- S ng sut nh hnh 6.6, khi cu kin chu nn
ng tm, ton b tit din btng chu nn, cu kin ph
hoi khi ng sut trong btng v thp u t n gi tr
gii hn l R
b
v R
sc
.
- Lp phng trnh cn bng hnh chiu theo phng
ng, ta c:
N (
b
R
b
A
b
+R
sc
A
st
) (6.4)
Trong : N : l lc dc do ti trng tnh ton gy ra,
A
b
:din tch tit din ngang ca btng (bxh),
R
b
: cng chu nn tnh ton ca btng,
cn ch n h s iu kin lm vic
bi
, ly nh trong
bng 6.2 (trch bng 15 - [3]):

Bng 6.2: h s iu kin lm vic
iu kin lm vic

bi
1. btng theo phng ng, mi lp dy trn 1,5m
2. Ct c h < 30cm.
3. Ging (1), (2) nhng dng h bng cch chng hp
0,85
0,85
0,90
Hnh 6.5
a). Ct ai khng c tng
cng tt, ct b ph hu khi
lc nn ln.
b). Tng cng ct ai ti v
tr ni thp.
a). b).
Hnh 6.6.
S tnh cu kin
chu nn ng tm

b
h
RscAst
Ast
Rb
N
Bi ging: BTNG C S
Chng 6. Tnh ton cu kin chu nn 85
R
sc
: cng chu nn tnh ton ca thp, cho trong ph lc 2, cn ch
nu R
sc
>400 MPa th ch ly =400 MPa.
: h s xt n nh hng ca un dc, ph thuc vo mnh , ly
nh sau:
Khi
r
<28 hoc
b
<8 th b qua un dc, ly =1.
Khi 28
r
<120 v 8
b
<31 th tnh bng cng thc thc
nghim sau:
= 1,028 0,0000288
2
0,0016 (6.5)
- Da vo cng thc (6.4), ta c bi ton thit k nh sau:
o Chn s b tit din theo (6.1), tnh L
o
tu theo s kt cu.
o Kim tra mnh theo cng thc (6.2) hoc (6.3).
o Tnh theo bng cng thc (6.5).
o T (6.4) A
st
=
sc
b b b
R
A R
N

(6.6)
o Kim tra = % 100 .
bxh
A
st

Nu
min

max
=3% tha. (
min
ly nh bng 6.1)
Nu >
max
Tnh li A
st
vi A
b
=(bxh) - A
st
.
6.3. Tnh ton cu kin chu nn lch tm:
6.3.1. Cc thng s tnh ton:
a). lch tm:
lch tm tng qut c tnh nh sau:
e
o
=max(e
1
; e
a
) cho kt cu siu tnh
e
o
=e
1
+e
a
cho kt cu tnh nh
Trong : e
1
: l lch tm thng thng ( lch tm tnh hc) e
1
=M/N,
e
a
: l lch tm ngu nhin do sai lch v kch thc hnh hc,
do t ct thp khng ng v tr, do btng khng ng cht,
e
a
ly nh sau:
e
a
h/30 v H/600
vi H - chiu cao cu kin.
h - chiu cao tit din.
(6.7)
Bi ging: BTNG C S
Chng 6. Tnh ton cu kin chu nn 86
b). H s nh hng ca un dc :
- Lc dc t lch tm s lm cho cu kin c vng (xem hnh 6.7), lch
tm ban u s tng ln thnh e
o
( >1), gi l h s nh hng ca un dc.
- H s s khng nh hng n tnh ton nu
mnh ca cu kin nh, c th nh sau:
h
8 hoc
r
28;
Nu vt qua gii hn trn th c tnh nh sau :
cr
N
N

=
1
1
q >1 (6.8)
Trong : N - l lc dc tnh ton.
N
cr
- l lc dc ti hn c tnh theo cng thc
thc nghim sau theo [3] (c th tham kho thm cc cng
thc tnh khc trong quyn [2] hoc [3]):
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
s
l
b
cr
I
I S
L
E
N .
.
.
4 , 6
2
0
o

(6.9)
Trong :
L
o
: chiu cao tnh ton ca cu kin, ly theo mc 6.1.1 ca chng ny.
E
b
: l modul n hi ca b tng, ly theo ph lc 1
o =E
s
/E
b
- vi E
s
l modul n hi ca thp, ly theo ph lc 2.
I, I
s
: Moment qun tnh ca tit din b tng v ton b ct thp dc ly i vi
trc i qua trng tm tit din v vung gc vi mt phng un .
12
.
3
h b
I = (cm
4
)

2
0
2
. . . |
.
|

\
|
= a
h
h b I
s
(cm
4
) (6.10)
a - Lp b tng bo v ct thp ct (cm), thng thng chn a = 4 cm,
h
o
- L chiu cao lm vic ca tit din : h
o
=h a.
S - H s k n nh hng ca lch tm, c ly nh sau:
1 . 0
1 . 0
11 . 0
+
+
=
p
e
S

o
(6.11)

e
: l h s ly theo qui nh sau:
e
=max (e
o
/h ;
min
)

min
=0,5 0,01L
o
/h 0,01R
b
(R
b
MPa) (6.12)

p
: h s xt n nh hng ca vic cng trc ct thp, thp thng
(khng ng sut trc) ly
p
=1.
e
N
o
N
o
qe
Hnh 6.7. nh hng
ca un dc

Bi ging: BTNG C S
Chng 6. Tnh ton cu kin chu nn 87

l
1 l h s k n nh hng ca tc dng di hn ca ti trng .

y N M
y N M
l l
l
.
.
1
+
+
+ = | 1 + | (6.13)
M
l
, N
l
: Moment v lc dc do ti trng di hn (gm ti trng thng
xuyn v ti trng tm thi di hn) gy ra, nu M
l
v M tri du th
ly M
l
mang du m (-).
M, N : Moment v lc dc ton phn .
y - Khong cch t trng tm ca tit din n mp chu ko hoc chu
nn nh (i vi tit din ch nht y =h/2).
| : l h s ph thuc vo loi btng, btng nng ly bng 1, cc loi
btng khc ly theo bng 29 - [3].
Nu tnh ra
l
<1 th ly bng 1, c th ly
l
=2 tnh khi khng tch ring
phn di hn v ngn hn khi gii ni lc.
6.3.2. Tnh ton cu kin c tit din ch nht:
6.3.2.1. Phn bit hai trng hp lch tm:
- Trng hp lch tm ln (LTL): xy ra khi moment kh ln, tc l e
1
kh ln,
lc ny cu kin b un cong nhiu v hnh thnh 2 vng ko - nn r rt, s ph hoi
thng xy ra t vng ko, vic tnh ton tin hnh nh cu kin chu un, nu gi x l
chiu cao vng btng chu nn th trng hp LTL xy ra khi x
R
h
o
(
R
tra ph lc
5 theo cp bn btng v thp s dng).
- Trng hp lch tm b (LTB): xy ra khi N tng i ln m M tng i
nh, cu kin c th b nn trn ton b tit din hoc c 1 phn nh tit din chu ko,
s ph hoi thng xy ra t vng nn, trng hp ny ng vi x >
R
h
o
.
- Trong tnh ton ban u nu cha bit x, c th phn bit 2 trng hp lch
tm nh sau:
o Lch tm ln khi : e
o
e
p
.
o Lch tm b khi : e
o
<e
p
.
Vi : e
p
=0,4(1,25h -
R
h
o
) (6.14)
6.3.2.2. Tnh ton trng hp lch tm ln (LTL)
a). Gi thit tnh ton :
S tnh ton nh hnh 6.8, chp nhn cc gi thit tnh ton sau y :
1. B qua s lm vic ca btng vng ko.
2. ng sut trong ct thp A
s
t ti R
s
.
3. ng sut trong btng vng nn phn b u v t gi tr chu nn tnh ton
R
b
, hp lc ca btng vng nn l R
b
bx.
Bi ging: BTNG C S
Chng 6. Tnh ton cu kin chu nn 88
4. ng sut trong ct thp A
s
l o
s
t n gi tr cng tnh ton R
sc
khi
tho mn iu kin x2a, nu x <2a th cha t n R
sc
.
b). Lp cng thc c bn:
S ng sut nh hnh 6.8, ta c:
e =q.e
o
+0,5h - a (6.15)
e =q.e
o
- 0.5h +a (6.16)
- Lp phng trnh cn bng, ta c:
As
M
/
=0 N.e=
b
R
b
bx(h
o
-0,5x)+R
sc
A
s
(h
o
-a) (6.17)

Y =0 N =
b
R
b
bx +R
sc
A
s
- R
s
A
s
(6.18)
- iu kin hn ch: 2a x
R
h
o
hay
R
.
- Thay x =h
o
vo (6.17) v (6.18), ta c:
(6.15) N. e =o
m

b
R
b
bh
o
2
+R
sc
A
s
(h
o
- a) (6.19)
(6.16) N =
b
R
b
bh
o
+R
sc
A
s
- R
s
A
s
(6.20)
Vi o
m
= (1- 0,5) v =1 -
m
o 2 1 ); cc cng thc
(6.17) (6.20) l cc cng thc c bn tnh cu kin chu nn lch tm ln.
c). Cc dng bi ton:
i). Bi ton 1: Tnh A
s
v A
s
khng i xng, thc hin theo cc bc sau:
1. Chn cp bn btng v nhm thp bit c R
s
, R
sc
, R
b
, E
s
, E
b
,
R
,
2. Chn tit din b, h theo cng thc (6.1) vi N, M bit trc.
3. Tnh v kim tra mnh cu kin theo (6.2) hoc (6.3); kim tra thm iu
kin
h
8 v
r
28, nu tho th khng cn tnh , nu khng tho th ta tnh
theo cng thc (6.8).
4. Cn gi thit
gt
trong khong 1,2 2,0% tnh I
s
(vi cc s liu c)
5. Tnh e
1
, tnh e
a
e
o
e, e t (6.15), (6.16).
6. tn dng ht kh nng chu nn ca A
s
ta c th chn o
m
=o
R
tc l =
R

tnh, t cng thc (6.19) ta c:
) ' (
.
'
2
a h R
bh R e N
A
o sc
o b b R
s

=
o
(6.21)
T (6.20)
s
s
sc
s
o b b R
s
A
R
R
R
N bh R
A ' +

=

(6.22)
Hnh 6.8. S ng
sut tnh cu kin
chu nn lch tm ln

b
h
h
As
o
A's
a
Rb
RscA's
a'
e
e'
o
q
N
RsAs
x
Bi ging: BTNG C S
Chng 6. Tnh ton cu kin chu nn 89
7. Kim tra hm lng ct thp:
o
s s
bh
A A ' +
= *100%

min

max
=3,5% (
min
ly theo bng 6.1)
8. So snh vi
gt
nu sai s nh hn 5% th tha, nu khng th ly lm gi
thit tnh li vng 2...
ii). Bi ton 2: C A
s
tnh A
s

- Trc ht cng thc hin cc bc t 1 5 nh trn.
- T (6.19) o
m
=
2
/
) ' ( .
o b b
o s sc
bh R
a h A R e N

(6.23)
- Nu o
m
>o
R
chng t A
s
l cha m bo cng ca vng nn, ta
c th thc hin li nh bi ton 1.
- Nu o
m
o
R
th tnh hoc tra bng ra v xt tip cc trng hp sau:
o Nu x =h
o
2a th:
T (6.20)
/
s
s
sc
s
o b b
s
A
R
R
R
N bh R
A +

=

(6.24)
o Nu x =h
o
<2a th ng sut trong ct thp A
s
ch t n o
s
<R
sc
, lc
ny ta ly x =2a tnh v lp phng trnh cn bng moment qua A
s
ta
c (t hnh 6.8, vi x =2a):
N.e =R
s
A
s
(h
o
- a) (6.25)
A
s
=
) ' (
' .
a h R
e N
o s

(6.26)
- Kim tra hm lng ct thp v tnh li vng lp nh trn.
iii). Bi ton 3: Tnh A
s
v A
s
i xng
- Trc ht cng thc hin cc bc t 1 5 nh trn.
- t ct thp i xng tc l A
s
= A
s
, thng ta c R
s
=R
sc
, nn t cng thc
(6.18) ta c:
x =
b R
N
b b

(6.27)
o Nu 2a x
R
h
o
th t (6.17) ta c :
) ' (
) 5 . 0 ( .
'
0
0
a h R
x h bx R e N
A A
sc
b b
s s

= =

(6.28a)
Bi ging: BTNG C S
Chng 6. Tnh ton cu kin chu nn 90
vi R
b
bx =N, ta c th vit li:
) ' (
) 5 . 0 .(
'
0
0
a h R
x h e N
A A
sc
s s

+
= = (6.28)
o Nu x < 2a th tnh A
s
= A
s
theo (6.26).
o Nu x >
R
h
o
th xy ra trng hp lch tm b.
- Kim tra hm lng ct thp v tnh ti vng lp nh trn.
6.3.2.3. Tnh ton trng hp lch tm b (LTB):
a). Gi thit tnh ton:
Cng ging nh trng hp
LTL nhng gi thit 2, ng sut
trong ct thp A
s
cha t n R
s
m
ch l gi tr o
s
no thi, ng sut
ny c th ko (hnh 6.9a) hoc nn
(hnh 6.9b).
Theo hnh 6.9 ta cng thy
rng khi x <h
o
th A
s
chu ko, x >h
o

th A
s
chu nn v nu x =h
o
th A
s

khng c ng sut, tc l ta ch cn
t thp theo cu to.
Nu tho iu kin (6.29) di
y th ta khng cn tnh thp m ch t theo cu to - tc l btng chu lc (khi
khng th gim tit din hn na do iu kin kin trc):
N N
b
=R
b
b (h - 2e
o
) (6.29)
b). Lp cng thc c bn:
- Lp phng trnh cn bng, ta c:
As
M
/
=0 N.e =
b
R
b
bx (h
o
- 0,5x) +R
sc
A
s
(h
o
- a) (6.30)
Cng thc (6.30) ging cng thc (6.17) nh y x >
R
h
o
.

s A
M
' /
=0 N.e =
b
R
b
bx (0,5x - a) o
s
A
s
(h
o
- a) (6.31)
Cng thc (6.31) c du cng (+) khi A
s
chu nn (x >h
o
), c du tr (-) khi
chu ko (x <h
o
).
- iu kin p dng: x >
R
h
o
.

Hnh 6.9. S ng sut tnh cu kin
chu nn lch tm b

b). a).
Bi ging: BTNG C S
Chng 6. Tnh ton cu kin chu nn 91
c). Cc dng bi ton:
i). Bi ton 1: Tnh A
s
v A
s
khng i xng
- Trc ht cng thc hin cc bc t 1 5 nh trn.
- Chn A
s
theo yu cu cu to.
- Tnh x theo cc biu thc thc nghim sau:
x =
|
|
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

+
2
50 1
1
h
e
o
R
R

.h
o
(6.32)
- Tnh A
s
theo cng thc (6.28a) vi x= x va tnh ra.
- Khi e
o
<0,15h
o
th ct thp A
s
chu nn vi ng sut ng k v phi c
tnh ton theo cng thc:
(6.31)
) ' (
) ' 5 . 0 .( . . ' .
a h
a x x b R e N
A
o s
b b
s

=
o

(6.33)
Trong o
s
c tnh bng cng thc thc nghim, ph thuc vo mc lch
tm v n s t n mt gi tr no ca cng R
s
:

s
R
o
s
R
h
x
|
|
|
|
.
|

\
|

= 1
1
2
2

o (6.34)
vi gi tr x=x tnh theo cng thc (6.32)
- Kim tra hm lng ct thp v tnh ti vng lp nh trn .
ii). Bi ton 2: Tnh A
s
v A
s
i xng
- Trc ht cng thc hin cc bc t 1 5 nh trn.
- Khi tnh x theo cc cng thc (6.32) ri tnh A
s
=A
s
theo (6.28a) vi x=x
- Kim tra hm lng ct thp v tnh ti vng lp nh trn .
V d:Tnh v b tr thp cho mt on ct nh nhiu tng (b tr i xng) vi cc
thng s sau: M=5T.m, N=100T, b qua thnh phn di hn ca ti trng (ly
l
=2),
chiu cao ct H=5m, tit din bxh=25x35cm, lp bo v a=a=4cm, gi thuyt

gt
=2,75% (chp nhn sai lch gia
tt
v
gt
l 2%), btng B20 (h s iu kin
lm vic ca btng
b
=0,85), thp nhm AII. Cc s liu khc c th gi thuyt nu
cn.
Bi ging: BTNG C S
Chng 6. Tnh ton cu kin chu nn 92
Gii:
Cu to:
- Chn VL:
o Btng B20 R
b
=11.5MPa =115 kgf/cm
2
; E
b
=27.10
3
MPa.
o Thp AII R
s
=280Mpa =2800 kgf/cm
2
; E
s
=21.10
4
Mpa
o =
b
s
E
E
=7,78
o
R
=0,623; o
R
=0,429.
- Tit din cho l : h=35cm, b=25cm, lp bo v a=4cm h
o
=31cm.
- Chiu cao ct H=500cm, ct nh nhiu tng L
o
=0.7H =0,7*500 =350cm
- Tnh
h
L
o
= =
35
350
=10 >8 phi tnh q
- Tnh
N
M
e =
1
=
100
5
=0,05m =5cm; e
a

30
h
=
30
35
=1,17 cm v
600
H
=
600
500
=0,83cm
vy chn e
a
=1,17cm
- e
o
=max (e
1
; e
a
) =5cm
Tnh ton:
- Tnh S = 1 , 0
1 , 0
11 , 0
+
+
p
e

o
; vi
e
=max (e
o
/h ;
min
);
p
=1 (khng ST)

min
=0,5 0,01
h
L
o
0,01R
b
(R
b
ly .v MPa)

min
=0,5 0,01*
35
350
0,01*11,5 =0,285

e
=max (5/35 ; 0,285) =max(0,143; 0,285) =0,285
S = 1 , 0
1 , 0
11 , 0
+
+
p
e

o
= 1 , 0
1
285 . 0
1 , 0
11 , 0
+
+
=0,386


- Ly
l
=2
- Gi thuyt
gt
=2,75% I
s
=
gt
b.h
o
(
2
h
- a)
2
=0,0275*25*31(
2
35
- 4)
2
=3.884 cm
4

I=b.h
3
/12 =25*35
3
/12 =89.323 cm
4
.
- Tnh :
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
s
l
b
cr
I
I S
L
E
N .
.
.
4 , 6
2
0
o

= |
.
|

\
|
+ 884 . 3 * 78 . 7
2
323 . 89 * 386 . 0
.
350
10 . 7 . 2 * 4 , 6
2
5
=669T
Bi ging: BTNG C S
Chng 6. Tnh ton cu kin chu nn 93
- Tnh q =
cr
N
N
1
1
=
669
100
1
1

=1,176
- Tnh e =qe
o
+0,5h a =1,176*5 +0,5*35 4 =19,4cm

- Kim tra trng hp lch tm:
V l b tr ct thp i xng, nn : x =
b R
N
b b

=
25 * 115 * 85 , 0
000 . 100
=40,92cm
x =40,93 >
R
h
o
=0,623*31 =19.31 trng hp lch tm b
- Tnh li x =
|
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

+
2
) ( 50 1
1
h
e
o
R
R

h
o
=
|
|
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

+
2
)
35
5
( 50 1
623 , 0 1
623 , 0 *31 =25,1 cm

- Tnh A
s
=A
s

=
) ' (
) ' 5 , 0 ( '
a h R
x h bx R Ne
o sc
o b b

=
=
) 4 31 ( 2800
) 1 , 25 * 5 , 0 31 ( 1 , 25 * 25 * 115 * 85 , 0 4 , 19 * 000 . 100

=10,7cm
2
.
- Kim tra hm lng : % 100 *
*
2
o
s
tt
h b
A
= = % 100 *
31 * 25
7 , 10 * 2
=2,76%
Sai khc so vi
gt
<2% tho.
- Chn thp : 3|22 (A
s
=11,4 cm
2
) b tr nh hnh v di

Bi ging: BTNG C S
Chng 6. Tnh ton cu kin chu nn 94
LU TNH TON CT CHU NN LCH TM TIT DIN CH NHT
(Trng hp t ct thp i xng A
s
=A
s
)
Cc s liu : Cp BT (chn) =>R
s
,
R
, E
b
; Thp (chn) =>R
s
, R
sc
, E
s
; Ni lc: M, N, M
l
, N
l
;
Tit din: chn b, h; chn a=a => h
o
; Chiu cao tnh ton: L
o
=0,7H (ct nh nhiu tng)


























h
L
o
=
8
N
M
e =
1

8 <31
e
o
=max (e
01
; e
a
)
q=1
Tnh S = 1 , 0
1 , 0
11 , 0
+
+
p
e

o
;
e
=max (e
o
/h ;
min
)

min
=0,5 0,01L
o
/h 0,01R
b
(R
b
ly .v MPa)

p
=1 (khng ST)

l
=
Y N M
Y N M
l l
*
*
1
+
+
+ 1
Y=h/2
Gi thuyt
gt
=1,2 2%
I
s
=
gt
b.h
o
(
2
h
- a)
2

I=b.h
3
/12
|
|
.
|

\
|
+ =
s
l
b
cr
I
I S
L
E
N .
.
.
4 , 6
2
0
o

q
=
cr
N
N
1
1

qe
o

Trng hp
lch tm ln
Trng hp
lch tm b
e=qe
o
+0,5h a
e=qe
o
0,5h +a; e c th (-) hoc (+)
cn gi nguyn du trong tnh ton
x =
b R
N
b b

x <2a

ly x=2a

A
s
=A
s

=
) ' (
' .
a h R
e N
o s


x >
R
h
o
2a x
R
h
o
A
s
=A
s

=
) ' (
) 5 , 0 (
a h R
x h e N
o sc
o

+

Tnh li x:
x =
|
|
.
|

\
|
+

+
2
50 1
1
o
R
R
c

h
o
vi: c
o
= e
o
/h
% 100 *
*
2
o
s
tt
h b
A
=
=
gt

ly
gt
=
tt
~
gt

B tr thp
e
a

30
h
v
600
H

nu >31, phi
tng t.din
x
R
h
o
(b hay h tu
theo phng
chu lc)
A
s
=A
s

=
) ' (
) ' 5 , 0 ( '
a h R
x h bx R Ne
o sc
o b b