2011-CE

810
HONG KONG EXAMINATIONS AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY
HONG KONG CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION EXAMINATION 2011
BIOLOGY PAPER 2 (MULTIPLE-CHOICE)
11.00 am - 12.00 noon (1 hour)
150
1. Read carefully the instructions on the Answer Sheet. After the announcement of the start of the
examination, you stick a barcode label and insert the information required in the spaces provided.
No extra time wi ll be given for sticking the barcode label after the ' Time is up' announcement.
2. When told to open this book, you should check that all the questions are there. Look for the words END
OF PAPER' after the last question.
3. AII questions equal marks.
4. ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS. You are advised to use an HB pencil to mark all the answers on the
Answer Sheet, so that wrong marks can be completely erased with a clean rubber. You must mark the
answers clearly; otherwise you willlose marks ifthe answers cannot be captured.
5. You should mark only ONE answer for each question. If you mark more than one answer, you will receive
NO MARKS for that question.
6. No marks will be deducted for wrong answers.
2011-CE-BIO 2- 1
79
Not to be taken away before the
end of the examination session
Tlrere are 36 quest;ons ;n Sect;on A and 24 questions ;n Sect;on B.
Tlre d;agrams ;n I Ir;s paper are NOT necessarily drawn 10 scale.
SECTION A
1. If some cyanide (a chemical respiration) is applied to a less water will be by
the plant because
A. the roots absorb less mineral salts.
B. the xylem vessels are poisoned by the cyanide.
C. the roots cannot absorb water by
D. the transpiration PUll in the xylem vesse1s is stopped.
2. Which ofthe following between a prokaryotic cel1 and a eukaryotic cel1 is/are correct?
(1) Both have cel1 wall.
(2) Both have nucleic acid as the genetic material.
(3) A prokaryotic cell has a nuclear membrane but a eukaryotic cell does not.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
3. The diagram below shows a set-up in which a dialysis tubing containing 10% sucrose solution is placed
in distilled water:
)(
distilled water
Which ofthe following graphs shows the change in water potential inside the dialysis tubing?
AEE = E
! 1\ I
Time Time
D.
--U EC 4 L
a
E-U 4
E 3 -
Time Time
2011-CE-BI0 2-2
80
4. Which ofthe following are the fates ofphotosynthetic products in plants?
(1) used for synthesising glycogen for storage
(2) used for synthesising cellulose, which is a component ofthe cel1 wall
(3) used for synthesising lipid, which is a component ofthe cell membrane
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
c. (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
5. Which of the following comparisons between the processes in a mitochondrion and a chloroplast is
correct?
ABCD
Process ;n a mitochondrion
It involves
It is an anabolic process.
in animal cells only.
It converts chemical energy in food to
that in ATP.
Process in a chloroplast
It does not involve
It is a catabolic process.
It occurs in plant cells only.
It converts light energy to chemical energy.
6. Which element is oot norrnally obtained by the roots of a plant from the soil?
A. carbon
B. nitrogen
c. hydrogen
D. phosphorus
7. Which ofthe following are the practices ofa 'Low Carbon Lifestyle'?
(1) recycling used paper
(2) using public transport
(3) using an air-purifier at bome
A. (1) and (2) on1y
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2)and(3)
8. Alcohol the fermentation of maize com can be used as fuel. Which of the foJlowing are
the advantages of obtaining fuel by this method?
(1) The source ofthis fuel is renewable.
(2) The production ofthe fuel does not require oxygen.
(3) Growing maize com for fuel helps reduce global wanning.
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
C. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2)and(3)
2011-CE-BIO 2-3 81
9. Some plants are adapted to growing in flooded soil. Which of the following word equations represents
the respiration oftheir root tissues?
A. acid + A TP
B. glucose + carbon dioxide + A TP
C. glucose + carbon dioxide + A TP
D. glucose water + ethanol + carbon dioxide + A TP
10. The following graph shows the net release of oxygen from a water plant from 5 Oc to 30 OC :

M .-



o t:
(\) .D


u


U
z

5 10 15 20 25 30 Temperature COC)
Which ofthe following about the photosynthesis ofthis plant can be the graph?
(1) The rate ofphotosynthesis is zero at 5 oC.
(2) The rate of photosynthesis increases from 5 Oc to 30 oC.
(3) The optirnal temperature ofthis plant for photosynthesis is 30 oC.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
11. Which of the following is most helpful in preventing periodontal disease?
A. drinking water with fluoride added
B. avoiding biting hard materials
C. eating food rich in calcium
D. using dental floss
12. The flow ofblood in the aorta is assisted by the
A. contraction ofthe muscle in the wall ofthe aorta and the closing ofthe semi-lunar valves.
B. ofthe muscle in the wall ofthe aorta and the closing ofthe bicuspid valve.
C. recoil ofthe elastic wall ofthe aorta and the closing ofthe semi-lunar valves.
D. recoil ofthe elastic wall ofthe aorta ofthe bicuspid valve.
2011-CE-BIO 2-4 82
Questions 13 and 14 refer to the following graph, which shows the pressure changes ofthe left
atrium, left and aorta in a cardiac cycle:
Directions:

....

At which time does the blood leave the left
PQRS ABCD
13.
At which time are both the semi-lunar valves and the bicuspid valve closed?
PQRS ABCD
14.
The pedigree below shows the inheritance of a condition caused by a recessive allele:
Normal female
Affected female
Key:O

Normal male
15.
9 8
Which ofthe individuals must be heterozygous?
83
yy

h
d

nono oo
nunu
nyzlny'I AUAUAUJu
mmmm
J

ABCD
2011-CE-BIO 2-5
Albinism (a condition in which pigment fails to develop in skin) in humans is caused by a recessive
allele. A normal man married an albino woman and child is an albino. What is the
probability oftheir second child being an albino?
16.
0%
25%
50%
75%
ABCD
The graph below shows the changes in the amount ofthree substances (in terrns ofthe percentage ofthe
original amount) in the human body upon starvation:
17.
.
-
h
h
h

Y\

100
\Z
I
\

8
5

U
H
-
-
h

Tirne during starvation

Which ofthe following shows the substances that X, Y and Z most
z
glycogen
proten
fat
glycogen
y
protem
glycogen
protem
fat
x
fat
fat
glycogen
protem
ABCD
X
Y
The following diagram shows part ofthe human digestive system:
Z
18.
Which structure(s) will needed of egg white?
Xonly
X and Y only
Y andZ only
X, YandZ
ABCD
84
2011-CE-BIO 2-6
photomicrograph below shows the longitudinal section of a part of a stem:
X
Y
Which ofthe following comparisons between X and Y is correct?
ABCD
StructureX
sugar cannot be found in it
minerals can be found in it
responsible for
out respratlon
Structure Y
sugar can be found in it
minerals cannot be found in it
responsible for
does not carry out respiration
20. The diagrarn below shows a diagrammatic representation ofthe root leaf of a plant:

Which of the labelled arrows in the diagram show(s) the direction of oxygen diffusion between the plant
and the surrounding at midnight?
A. (2) only
B. (3) only
c. (l) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) onJy
21. Which of the following human celJs has the least amount of mitochondria?
A.
B. livercells
C. red bJood ceUs
D. white bJood ceUs
2011-CE-BIO 2-'7 85
The photomicrographs below show two types of epithelium: 22.

l '
..

Wbich ofthe following combinations shows the structures where these epithelia are found?
(2)
trachea
blood capillary
skin

(1)
blood capillary
skin
trachea
skin
ABCD
The diagram below shows the of a kind of photoreceptor along the horizontal section of the
human retina:
23.

away from

centre away from

Wbich of the following combinations correctly states the identity and feature of the photoreceptor
shown?
Feature
It can only work in bright light.
It is absent in the blind spot.
in dim light.
It is responsible for colour vision.
86

cone cell
cone cell
rod cell
rod cell
ABCD
2011-CE-BIO 2-8
24. Research has shown abuse to the nervous system, leading to speech disorders
and memory degeneration. Which parts of the nervous system shown below are likely to be damaged?
P
Q
R
A. P and Q only
B. P and R only
c. Q and R only
D. P, QandR
25. The diagram below shows the cross section of a human spinal cord:
Z
w
X
Y
Which ofthe following statements about the spinal cord is correct?
A. found in
B. Intemeurones are found only in part X.
C. Part X has more genetic materials than
D. The direction WtoZ.
26. The diagram below shows a cell which is important for body defence:
cell X
Which ofthe following combinations correctly shows the identity of cell X and its function?
ABCD
CellX
lymphocyte
lymphocyte
phagocyte
phagocyte
Function
for non-specific body defence
for producing antibodies to act against bacteria
for non-specific body defence
for producing antibodies to act against bacteria
2011-CE-BIO 2-9 87
27. The diagram below shows a pair of opposing muscles, X and Y, in the hand. Theyare for moving the
thumb towards or the
Engers
r h
thumb
Which ofthe foJlowing can move the thumb towards the other fmgers?
A. muscJe X contracts
B. muscJe X relaxes
C. muscJe Y contracts
D. muscJe Y relaxes
28. The chart below shows the of carbon dioxide in the blood collected at four
locations in the human circulatory system:

g
R
H
H

U
U

P Q
R S Blood
Which blood sample is most probably collected from the pulmonary vein?
A. P
B. Q
C. R
D. S
29. Which ofthe following features is most essential for mammals to live on land?
A. They have
B. They bave internal fertilisatio.
C. Their body is covered with hair.
D. They have constant body temperature.
30. Which of the following exarnples is correctly matched to the type of interaction between the
ABCD
0/ ;nleTacl;on the oTganisms
mutualism
competlt1on
commensalism
parasltlsm

a tree and the mushrooms growing on its bark
oysters and living on a rock surface
a crab and the sea anemones living on its body
a whale and the barnacles Iiving on its body
surface
201l-CE-BIO 2- 10
88
31. The rnaternal blood and the foetal separated placenta. feature
A. allows the exchange of rnaterials by diffusion.
B. brings the foetal blood vessels close to the rnaternal blood vessels.
c. avoids the foetal blood being darnaged.
D. prevents the rnother's antibodies frorn passing to the foetus.
32. Which of the following graphs shows the change in the thickness of the uterine lining of a pregnant
the beginning ofthe last rnenstruation to the tirne before child birth?
A. '+-< ol)


Q)
12
() or

B.


'" ....
Q)
c.
D.
12
u Or

f-< =



Eg

ol)
o .5
a-S
Q) ...

4
Week
8 12 32 36 40
(birth)
F
Week
8 12 32 36 40
(birth)
Week
8 12 32 36 40
(birth)
Week
8 12 32 36 40

33. The genetic make-up of the X chrornosorne of a boy is found to be different frorn that of his
non-identical twin brother. This is rnost possibly due to
A. rneiosis during sperm formation.
B. random fertiIisation ofthe garnetes.
c. rnutation ofthe genes in the X chromosorne oftheir father.
D. the developrnent ofthese twin brothers in arnniotic cavities.
2011-CE-BIO 89
34. The diagram below shows the male reproductive system:
Q
R
S
Which labelled structure(s) is/are involved in producing semen?
A. Q only
B. Ronly
C. P and Q only
D. R and S only
35. The diagram below shows the delivery ofa baby assisted with forceps:
forceps
Which ofthe following is the most likely condition for this method to be needed in assisting delivery?
A. The cervix fails to dilate.
B. The amnion fails to break.
C. The placenta has detached.
D. The uterine contraction is oot sufficiently
36. The diagram below shows organism X:

._____,
Which ofthe following is not a characteristic ofthe kingdom to which organism X belongs?
A. the presence of hyphae
B. reproduction by spores
C. heterotrophic
D. the presence ofroots
END OF SECTION A
2011-CE-BIO 2-12 90
SECTIONB
Directions: Questions 37 and 38 refer diagram below, which shows a certain stage of cell division:
37. Based on the diagrarn, which of the following combinations correctly shows the type of cell division
and the reason for
ABCD
01 cell division
mitotic cell division
mitotic cell division
meiotic cell division
meiotic cell division
Reason
There are duplicated chromosomes.
There is a up ofthe chromosomes in the middle ofthe cell.
There is a pairing ofthe homologous chromosomes.
There is a of the homologous chromosomes.
38. Which ofthe following shows the daughter cell ofthis cell division?
A.
D.
B.
C.
39. Organisms X, Y and Z form a food chain. The following table shows the concentrations of DDT
(a non-biodegradable X, Y and Z:
With reference to the information in the table, which of the following combinations shows the
ecological roles of organisms X, Y and Z in this food chain?
X Y Z
A. producer consumer secondary consumer
B. consumer producer
C. secondary consumer producer consumer
D. producer secondary consumer
40. Which ofthe following statements about hormonal coordination is
A. All protein.
B. A hormone only acts on one organ.
C. A ofhormone is needed for its action.
D. An endocrine gland can produce only one kind ofhormone.
2011-CE-BIO 91
41. Which of the following statements about glucagon is/are correct?
(1) Glucagon is produced by the liver.
(2) More glucagon wil1 be secreted when the blood glucose level is low.
(3) Glucagon stimulates the oxidation of glucose in cells.
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
42. Which ofthe following processes in the human body is/are catabolic?
(1) the breaking down of excess amino acids in the liver
(2) the production of lipase in the pancreas
(3) in the kidney
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
C. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
* 43. Which of the following graphs shows the relationship between the metabolic rate of a man at rest and
environmental temperature?
A -
B.
S z
E
E
Environmental Environmental
37 temperature (oC) 37 (oC)

--
dE z
Ej
E
'E Gd B 'E G.J a
Environmental Environmental
37
temperature (oC) 37 temperature (oC)
(This item was deleted.)
44. Which ofthe following genetically identical?
A. seeds of the fruit
B. a petal and a sepal of the same flower
C. eggs produced in a human ovary
D. the umbilical cord and uterine wall in a pregnant woman
2011-CE-BIO 2-14 92
45. The foJlowing are some steps in genetic engineering:
(1) the replication of copies of the desired gene by a bacterium
(2) the extraction ofthe desired a ceJl
(3) the placing ofthe vector into a bacterium
(4) the insertion ofthe desired gene into a vector
the above steps in the correct sequence.
A. (2), (1), (4), (3)
B. (2), (4), (3), (1)
c. (4), (1), (3), (2)
D. (4), (3), (1), (2)
46. Which ofthe following conditions are necessary for the building up oftranspiration pull in plants?
(1) the presence ofhollow xylem vessels
(2) the presence of leaves
(3) a healthy root system
A. (1) and (2) only
B. (1) and (3) only
c. (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2) and (3)
47. When the relative humidity of air decreases, which ofthe foJlowing rates in plants will increase?
(1) the absorption ofwater
(2) the transport of oxygen
(3) of
A. (1) only
B. (2) only
c. (1) and (3) only
D. (2) and (3) only
48. In a frre accident, which period of time in the foJlowing graph would a large amount of hot smoke
rush into the lungs?
Atmospheric pressure = 760 mmHg
760

5
5

U
H
E
E
E
m
u

...
<
A. P to R
B. Q to S
c. R to T
D. S to U
2011-CE-BIO 2-15 93
The diagram below shows a nephron. The percentages of proteins and urea in fluids
different ofthe nephron are shown in the following table:
49.
Part from which Percentage of Percentage of
the fluid is taken proteins in the fluid urea in the fluid
(1)

y
(2) 9 0.05
(3) x 0.05
(3)
(2)

a
s

Which of the following combinations correctly shows the values of x and y?
y
0.05
0.05
0.25
0.25
x9090
ABCD
Questions 50 to 52 refer to the following experimental set-up, used for studying the effect of
magnesium deficiency on the growth ofthe young seedlings:
Directions:
young seedling
cotton wool
aluminium foil
solution X
(containing all the essential minerals for
plant growth, except magnesium)
conical flask
Y oung seedlings should be used for this experiment because
their roots can be put into the set-up easily.
their roots grow very quickly.
increase in height quickly.
they have little stored minerals.
ABCD
50.
The control set-up should be the same as the A control set-up is needed for this experiment.
experimental set-up set-up,
51.
not used.
solution X is replaced with distilled water.
solution X is replaced with distilled water with magnesium added.
solution X is replaced with a solution containing all the essential minerals for plant growth.
94
ABCD
2011-CE-BIO 2-16
52. The seedlings show a yellowing of the leaves after one week. This is because magnesium is essential
for
A. stimulating cell division.
B. the synthesis ofproteins.
c. the synthesis of chlorophyll.
D. the fonnation ofroot hair cells.
53. The diagrams below show the of a sperm and a pollen grain with a pollen tube:
P
W
X
Q
R
S
Z
Sperm Pollen grain with a pollen tube
Which ofthe following combinations correctly matches a pair ofstructures and their function?
ABCD
Pair 01 structures
P and W
Q and Z
R and X
S and Y
Function
for protection
for carrying genetic materials
for food storage
for locomotion
Directions: Questions 54 and 55 refer to the following diagrams, showing a foetus in the uterus and a seed:
fluid X
(4)
(1)
(2)
(3)
Foetus in the uterus Seed
54. of the seed has a to fluid X?
A. (1)
B. (2)
c. (3)
D. (4)
55. Which structure(s) in the seed has/have a role similar to the growing foetus?
A. (2) only
B. (2) and (4) on1y
c. (1), (2) and (3) only
D. (1), (2), (3) and (4)
2011-CE-BIO 95
Questions 57 refer to the following photographs, which show the longitudinal sections of
a flower and the fruit of a plant:
Directions:
( 1)
(2)
T
P
Q
Fruit (Iongitudinal section)
Which of the following combinations correctly shows the floral parts from which structures (1), (2) and
(3) have developed?
Flower (Iongitudinal section)
56.

S
S

mwTTRR

T
T
ABCD
Which ofthe following are the functions
(t protects the seeds.
It helps disperse the seeds.
It provides food for the germination ofthe seeds.
( 1)
(2)
(3)
57.
(1) and (2) on(y
(1) and (3) only
(2) and (3) only
(1), (2) and (3)
ABCD
The diagram below shows the sedimentary layers at the bottom of a sea, where fossils of organisms are
found:
sea
58.
Which of the foIIowing statemeots about the orgaoisms forming the fossils in these layers is correct?
organisms found in Layer 1 only appeared later 00 Earth than those in Layer 3.
The in Layer 2 are more similar in structure to those in Layer 1 than to tbose in
Layer 3.
The organisms in Layer 2 are evolved from in Layer 3.
organisms io Layer 3 are more complex in than those in Layer 1.
A.
B.
C
D.
96 2011-CE-BIO 2-18
59. The following shows the results of an experiment in which two coleoptiles were exposed to unilateral
light from the left:
aluminium foil
direction of ...
unilaterallight
direction of ...
unilaterallight
after 2 days
coleoptile P coleoptile Q
What conclusion can be this experiment?
A. Auxins are produced in the tips.
B. Auxins are required for response.
C. The tip is essential for growth.
D. The tip is sensitive to unilaterallight.
60. The following shows the set-ups of an experiment and the results after two days. Both set-ups were
placed in darkness throughout the experiment.

hmd

pa-
Lh
ij
Key:
agar block without auxins
decapitated coleoptiles
block containing
auxins of identical
concentration
lj hpthdMMess l
for 2

decapitated roots
Which ofthe following combinations correctiy describes the effect ofthis concentration of auxins on the
growth of the coleoptile and the root?
ABCD
Coleoptile
growth promoted
growth
growth not promoted
growth inhibited
Root
growth promoted
growth not promoted
growth promoted
growth promoted
ENDOFPAPER
Sources of materials used in this paper will be acknowledged in the Examination Report and Question Papers
published by the Hong Kong Examinations and Assessment Authority at a later stage.
2011-CE-BIO 2-19 97