Anlush Fourier kai Oloklrwma Lebesgue (201011) 2o Fulldio Asksewn

Paraddete xi ap tic askseic tou Fulladou 2 wc thn Trth 29 Martou 2011.

1.

'Estw

f : R R 2

-periodik

sunrthsh,

Riemann

oloklhrsimh

sto

[, ]

Gia

kje

mN

orzoume

gm (x) = f (mx).
Perigryte suntelestc to grfhma thc thc

gm

se

sqsh

me

aut

thc

Enai

gm
thc

periodik?

Ekfrste

touc

Fourier 2

gm

sunartsei twn

suntelestn

Fourier

2.

Jewrome thn

-periodik sunrthsh

f :RR

pou sto

[, ]

orzetai ap thn

f (x) = |x|.
Sqediste thn grafik parstash thc

upologste

touc

suntelestc

Fourier

thc

kai

dexte

ti

f (0) = /2

kai

f (k ) =
Gryte ti th seir

1 + (1)k , k 2
seir

k = 0.
kai hmitnwn. Jtontac

Fourier S [f ]

thc

san

sunhmitnwn

x=0

dexte

k=0

1 2 = 2 (2k + 1) 8 2

kai

k=1

1 2 = . 2 k 6

3.

'Estw

f : R C
ti,

sunrthsh

-periodik

kai

oloklhrsimh

se

kje

kleist

disthma.

Upojtoume

gia kpoio

xR

uprqoun ta

pleurik ria

f (x ) := lim f (t)
tx
Dexte ti h seir

kai

f (x+ ) := lim+ f (t).

tx
ajrosimh sto shmeo

Fourier S [f ]

thc

enai

Ces` aro

pio sugkekrimna,

n
Gia thn apdeixh

lim n (f )(x) = lim (f Fn )(x) =

n

f (x ) + f (x+ ) . 2

tropopoiste thn apdeixh tou Jewrmatoc 2.3.4.

4.

'Estw

f : R C
ti,

sunrthsh

-periodik

kai

oloklhrsimh

se

kje

kleist

disthma.

Upojtoume

gia kpoio

xR

uprqoun ta

pleurik ria

f (x ) := lim f (t)
tx
Dexte ti h seir

kai

f (x+ ) := lim+ f (t).

tx
sto shmeo

Fourier S [f ]

thc

enai

Abel

ajrosimh

pio sugkekrimna,

r 1

lim Ar (f )(x) = lim (f Pr )(x) =

r 1

f (x ) + f (x+ ) . 2

Gia thn apdeixh tropopoiste thn apdeixh tou Jewrmatoc 2.3.4 kai qrhsimopoiste to gegonc ti

1 2

Pr (x) dx =

1 2

Pr (x) dx.
0

5.

'Estw .

M > 0

kai

[M, M ]

Orzoume

f, g : R C f g :RC
stw

suneqec

sunartseic

pou

mhdenzontai

xw

ap

to

msw thc

(f g )(x) =

(a) Dexte ti h

f (y )g (x y ) dy. xR
kai ti

f g

enai kal orismnh

se kje

(f g )(x) = 0

an

|x| > 2M

(b) Dexte ti

f g

1,

pou

:=

|u(x)| dx.

6.

Gia kje

nN

orzoume

Qn (t) = n
pou h jetik stajer

1 + cos t 2

epilgetai tsi

ste na qoume

1 2
Dexte ti: an

Qn (t) dt = 1.

-periodik sunrthsh, tte

f :RC

enai

suneqc

f Qn f.
Parathrste ti aut dnei llh mia apdeixh tou {trigwnometriko} proseggistiko jewrmatoc

om

Weierstrass

7.

Gia kje

nN n

orzoume

Gn (x) = Fn (x) sin nx,

pou

Fn

enai o

-ostc purnac tou sou ap

Fej er

Dexte ti:

an

T Tn

enai trigwnometrik polunumo

bajmo mikrterou

, tte

T (x) = 2n(T Gn )(x)

gia kje

xR

Sumpernate

ti

|T (x)| 2n T
gia kje ant gia

anisthtac tou

xR n
.

Aut

enai

mia

{asjenc}

kdosh

thc

Bernstein

me

stajer

2n

8.

Dste pardeigma akoloujac

{fn } lim

oloklhrsimwn sunartsewn

fn : [0, 2 ] R

ste

1 n 2
all gia kje

|fn (x)|2 dx = 0,
0
den sugklnei.

x [0, 2 ]
tic

h akolouja

{fn (x)}

9.

Qrhsimopointac

sunartseic

g (x) = x( x)

kai thn tautthta tou

f : [, ] R Parseval
, dexte

me

f (x) = |x|

kai

g : [0, ] R

me

ti

k=1

1 4 = 4 k 90

kai

k=1

1 6 = . 6 k 945

10.

Dexte ti h trigwnometrik seir

k=2
sugklnei gia kje

sin kx ln k
seir

x R

all

den

enai

Fourier

kpoiac

Riemann

oloklhrsimhc

sunrthshc.