Chemistry

!oncept "

How is the sun the source of our energy?

EXPLORE All chemical reactions involve heat! The big question is where is the heat going?
Background Information: This reaction involves the chemical equation, CaCl2(s) + water ! CaO(aq) + 2HCl(aq) + energy Materials: 100mL graduated cylinder stirring rod CaCl2 100mL beaker water Procedures: 1. Use the graduated cylinder to measure 70mL water and pour into beaker. 2. Pour the CaCl2 from the into the water. 3. Use the stirring rod to dissolve the solid. Observations: (Write down what you see or feel.)

Background Information: This reaction involves the chemical equation, water + energy + NH4NO3(s) ! NH4+(aq) + NO3-(aq) Materials: 100mL graduated cylinder stirring rod NH4NO3 50mL beaker water Procedures: 1. Use the graduated cylinder to measure 30mL water and pour into beaker. 2. Pour the NH4NO3(s) from the A container into the water. 3. Use the stirring rod to dissolve the solid. Observations: (Write down what you see or feel.)

EXPLAIN
In thermochemistry, energy is the capacity to do some kind of work or to produce heat. Endothermic reactions are reactions where energy must be added or energy is a reactant. Exothermic reactions are reactions where energy is released or energy is a product. There were two reactions in the experiments: 1. CaCl2(s) + water ! CaO(aq) + 2HCl(aq) + energy 2. water + energy + NH4NO3(s) ! NH4+(aq) + NO3-(aq) 1. Which reaction (#1 or #2) was endothermic? Why?

2. Which reaction (#1 or #2) was exothermic? Why?

3. In reaction #1, how does energy being on the product side relate to what you observed during the experiment?

4. In reaction #2, how does energy being on the reactant side relate to what you observed during the experiment?