Basic Language Function

There are at least three different basic functions of language: Informative words can be used to pass on information Expressive words can be used to evoke an emotion that is not a direct result of their meaning Performatory words can be as a kind of symbol / action in and of themselves

A lot of what we say is for a specific purpose. Whether we are apologizing, expressing a wish or asking permission, we use language in order to fulfill that purpose. Each purpose can be known as a language function. Savignon describes a language function as the use to which language is put, the purpose of an utterance rather than the particular grammatical form an utterance takes (Savignon, 1983). We use the language in order to fulfill a specific purpose, therefore making their speech more meaningful.

Example of going to a dinner party. Arriving at the dinner party we may introduce ourselves, thank the host and ask where to put our coats. During the dinner we may congratulate someone on a recent accomplishment, ask advice, express affection and compliment the host on the meal.

Each of these individual utterance are considered functions of language.

Language ladder - is to provide us with the tools needed to express different functions of language in multiple contexts and situations.