Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Excel. Discussion will be done for all types of fault listed earlier. Then, the
recommendation will be provided based on that. The level of fault current before and
after the generator will be installed are tabulated in the table as shown below. Sample
4.blah Three-Phase Fault
Table 4. blah fault current for fault at bus 1
WITHOUT GENERATOR
FROM BUS
TO BUS
WITH GENERATOR
CURRENT
ANGLE
CURRENT
ANGLE
(A)
DEGREES
(A)
DEGREES
2644.10
-80.72
2644.10
-80.72
4174.33
-79.93
4270.51
-79.84
1530.90
-78.57
1627.25
-78.41
Gen
633.75
-79.25
743.74
-80.39
323.61
-82.39
161.91
-77.19
137.98
-76.05
161.91
-77.19
137.98
-76.05
626.01
-76.77
533.46
-75.62
291.52
-78.82
248.43
-77.67
334.86
-74.98
285.37
-73.84
223.58
-75.23
190.53
-74.09
223.58
-75.23
190.53
-74.09
111.29
-74.48
94.84
-73.33
111.29
-74.48
94.84
-73.33
TO BUS
WITH GENERATOR
CURRENT
ANGLE
CURRENT
ANGLE
(A)
DEGREES
(A)
DEGREES
1193.61
-78.04
1193.61
-78.04
1193.61
-78.04
1193.61
-78.04
2496.33
-86.86
2496.33
-86.86
Gen
1274.73
-90.00
6324.96
-83.72
7593.29
-84.77
543.42
-83.66
543.42
-83.66
543.42
-83.66
543.42
-83.66
2101.26
-83.23
2101.26
-83.23
978.44
-85.28
978.44
-85.28
1123.99
-81.45
1123.99
-81.45
750.43
-81.70
750.43
-81.70
750.43
-81.70
750.43
-81.70
373.56
-80.94
373.56
-80.94
373.56
-80.94
373.56
-80.94
TO BUS
WITH GENERATOR
CURRENT
ANGLE
CURRENT
ANGLE
(A)
DEGREES
(A)
DEGREES
456.57
-72.07
402.26
-70.87
456.57
-72.07
402.26
-70.87
954.93
-80.88
841.30
-79.69
Gen
429.58
-82.83
2211.59
-77.75
2375.92
-77.69
639.35
-85.37
639.35
-85.37
2846.59
-79.46
3010.76
-79.32
803.81
-77.26
708.13
-76.07
374.27
-79.31
329.76
-78.12
429.96
-75.48
378.79
-74.28
287.09
-75.73
252.90
-74.53
287.09
-75.73
252.90
-74.53
142.92
-74.97
125.89
-73.78
142.92
-74.97
125.89
-73.78
TO BUS
WITH GENERATOR
CURRENT
ANGLE
CURRENT
ANGLE
(A)
DEGREES
(A)
DEGREES
896.78
-76.01
834.94
-75.17
896.78
-76.01
834.94
-75.17
1875.51
-84.83
1746.19
-83.98
Gen
891.67
-87.12
3173.38
-81.93
3842.48
-82.48
408.29
-81.63
380.13
-80.78
408.29
-81.63
380.13
-80.78
1170.77
-86.75
1170.77
-86.75
5686.02
-83.16
6355.62
-83.36
1344.89
-82.91
1344.89
-82.91
897.95
-83.16
897.95
-83.16
897.95
-83.16
897.95
-83.16
446.99
-82.41
446.99
-82.41
446.99
-82.41
446.99
-82.41
TO BUS
WITH GENERATOR
CURRENT
ANGLE
CURRENT
ANGLE
(A)
DEGREES
(A)
DEGREES
595.59
-73.52
527.23
-72.34
595.59
-73.52
527.23
-72.34
1245.61
-82.34
1102.66
-81.15
Gen
563.04
-84.30
2107.58
-79.44
2426.34
-79.66
271.15
-79.14
240.06
-77.96
271.15
-79.14
240.06
-77.96
777.54
-84.26
739.30
-83.92
2883.15
-80.74
3164.05
-80.66
4474.97
-81.98
4755.69
-81.85
1064.04
-84.48
1064.04
-84.48
1064.04
-84.48
1064.04
-84.48
529.70
-83.73
529.70
-83.73
529.70
-83.73
529.70
83.73
TO BUS
WITH GENERATOR
CURRENT
ANGLE
CURRENT
ANGLE
(A)
DEGREES
(A)
DEGREES
376.16
-71.54
323.15
-70.30
376.16
-71.54
323.15
-70.30
786.70
-80.36
675.88
-79.12
Gen
345.11
-82.26
1331.13
-77.46
1487.22
-77.62
171.28
-77.16
147.14
-75.92
171.28
-77.16
147.14
-75.92
491.08
-82.28
453.14
-81.89
1820.95
-78.76
1939.39
-78.62
2155.11
-79.22
2263.67
-79.06
1297.41
-86.40
1297.41
-86.40
3446.20
-81.92
3554.34
-81.73
334.53
-81.75
324.65
-81.69
334.53
-81.75
324.65
-81.69
TO BUS
WITHOUT GENERATOR
WITH GENERATOR
CURRENT
ANGLE
CURRENT
ANGLE
(A)
DEGREES
(A)
DEGREES
260.14
-70.19
221.36
-68.99
260.14
-70.19
221.36
-68.99
544.05
-79.01
463.01
-77.80
Gen
236.42
-80.94
920.54
-76.11
1018.81
-76.31
118.44
-75.81
100.79
-74.60
118.44
-75.81
100.79
-74.60
339.63
-80.93
310.43
-80.57
1259.29
-77.41
1328.58
-77.30
1723.31
-78.42
1774.64
-78.26
464.77
-81.15
446.78
81.13
464.77
-81.15
446.78
-81.13
639.35
-85.37
639.35
-85.37
2359.27
-80.30
2410.40
-80.14
Without Generator
With Generator
BUS 1
4174.32612
4270.509
BUS 2
6324.96
7593.29
BUS 3
2846.59
3010.76
BUS 4
5686.02
6355.62
BUS 5
4474.97
4755.69
BUS 6
3446.1954
3554.3440
BUS 7
2359.2708
2410.3955
Graph 4.1 Summary of Three-phase fault current for each faulted bus
As shown in the Graph 4.1, there is an increase of three-phase fault current level after the
generator was installed. Fault current at bus 2 has the highest available three phase fault current
increased by 20.05%, from 6324.96 to 7593.29 Amperes.
. Although the fault current at fault point increases, some of the line currents between two
substations decreases. Only those adjacent substation connecting the faulted bus and the generator
are the contributor to the increase of the fault current.
4. blah Single line-to-ground
WITH GENERATOR
From
Bus
To Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
4953.58
0.00
0.00
5051.81
0.00
0.00
1201.27
605.72
595.63
1279.88
644.71
635.17
147.85
76.02
75.77
125.39
64.55
64.09
578.77
297.71
298.88
490.92
252.78
252.95
298.93
151.70
152.96
253.53
128.86
129.44
199.56
101.29
102.08
169.27
86.02
86.44
99.36
50.46
50.87
84.30
42.84
43.05
From
Bus
To Bus
WITHOUT GENERATOR
WITH GENERATOR
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
965.14
523.13
531.58
954.43
570.91
579.73
2016.75
0.00
0.00
2102.64
0.00
0.00
136.85
71.50
70.24
118.65
62.09
60.75
535.81
280.31
277.34
464.60
243.32
239.94
276.54
142.54
141.58
239.81
123.75
122.46
184.63
95.18
94.51
160.07
82.63
81.75
91.96
47.40
47.07
79.74
41.17
40.71
To Bus
WITHOUT GENERATOR
WITH GENERATOR
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
574.17
341.47
346.54
515.77
333.65
338.25
1089.69
78.11
97.44
1037.10
67.90
86.56
1260.67
0.00
0.00
1186.58
0.00
0.00
282.32
147.02
145.84
220.98
115.22
113.88
145.72
74.85
74.51
114.09
58.66
58.20
97.27
49.95
49.74
76.14
39.16
38.82
48.45
24.89
24.77
37.95
19.50
19.33
WITHOUT GENERATOR
To Bus
WITH GENERATOR
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
807.37
484.97
491.71
790.51
515.68
522.38
1226.33
274.37
284.62
1324.89
246.88
256.96
99.86
51.92
51.08
85.14
44.35
43.43
1782.13
0.00
0.00
1827.06
0.00
0.00
312.90
161.45
156.30
285.79
147.73
142.20
208.89
107.77
104.34
190.78
98.61
94.93
104.01
53.68
51.96
95.01
49.12
47.28
WITH GENERATOR
From
Bus
To Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
639.35
415.94
420.84
623.04
434.73
439.46
930.79
270.81
275.83
990.74
251.11
256.08
69.32
35.94
35.44
58.49
30.33
29.83
1133.91
165.51
176.55
1174.36
155.97
167.35
1474.96
0.00
0.00
1496.26
0.00
0.00
255.25
131.95
125.97
242.86
125.72
119.53
127.10
65.73
62.76
120.95
62.59
59.53
WITH GENERATOR
From
Bus
To Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
488.95
344.15
347.58
476.10
355.03
358.25
678.89
250.85
252.24
714.07
237.47
238.97
45.10
23.26
23.01
37.78
19.54
19.20
811.09
181.95
188.27
832.72
175.51
182.12
893.76
139.40
148.90
910.83
135.22
145.05
1179.93
0.00
0.00
1188.80
0.00
0.00
82.71
42.63
40.79
78.15
40.33
38.45
To Bus
WITHOUT GENERATOR
WITH GENERATOR
Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
393.56
276.00
278.72
382.60
284.37
286.96
547.69
200.11
201.36
575.47
188.98
190.32
36.61
18.87
18.66
30.62
15.81
15.56
655.00
144.25
149.36
671.61
138.82
144.13
789.71
75.14
85.51
798.75
73.51
84.13
134.80
69.49
66.48
127.18
65.64
62.59
947.61
0.00
0.00
953.46
0.00
0.00
Table 4. blah
Faulted bus
BUS 1
BUS 2
BUS 3
BUS 4
BUS 5
BUS 6
BUS 7
With Generator
4953.58164
2016.75
1260.67
1782.13
1474.96
1179.9282
947.6075
Without Generator
5051.815
2102.64
1186.58
1827.06
1496.26
1188.7977
953.4647
Graph 4.2 Summary of single line-to-ground fault current for each faulted bus
As shown in the Graph 4.2, there is an increase of single line-to-ground fault current in
all bus except in bus 3. Bus 1 which has the highest available single line-to-ground fault current
increased by only 1.98% from 4953.58164 to 5051.815 Amperes.
Line fault currents between bus 1 and faulted bus increased and line fault current outside
of this decreased. The line current between bus 3 and 2 decreased regardless of the location of the
fault.
WITH GENERATOR
From
Bus
To Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
0.00
3521.38
3521.38
0.00
3607.56
3607.56
69.11
1235.78
1228.88
51.67
1322.22
1314.48
15.69
151.20
149.32
6.65
128.27
127.44
71.75
594.63
587.27
34.77
504.05
500.79
26.40
307.42
303.15
8.87
261.10
259.01
17.57
205.21
202.37
5.90
174.29
172.91
8.79
102.21
100.79
2.97
86.81
86.10
WITH GENERATOR
From
Bus
To Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
113.59
1015.51
1003.75
60.75
1012.41
1006.68
0.00
4823.47
4823.47
0.00
5808.94
5808.94
60.62
469.49
466.15
36.27
467.61
467.07
269.72
1847.19
1834.13
174.17
1838.19
1836.10
105.93
954.13
945.98
56.27
951.25
948.78
70.62
636.93
631.53
37.49
635.00
633.37
35.31
317.21
314.49
18.78
316.25
315.41
WITH GENERATOR
From
Bus
To Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
42.67
411.13
405.99
18.74
361.47
359.09
39.24
1764.93
1764.85
28.91
1908.35
1906.59
0.00
2315.22
2315.22
0.00
2457.80
2457.80
103.09
747.63
741.64
56.73
656.09
654.75
39.75
386.28
382.64
17.28
339.63
338.46
26.48
257.88
255.41
11.51
226.71
225.92
13.26
128.44
127.23
5.77
112.92
112.50
WITH GENERATOR
From
Bus
To Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
79.49
792.43
782.90
35.65
737.00
732.48
238.30
2334.55
2343.21
161.16
2898.80
2894.99
43.05
366.28
363.52
22.38
340.34
339.80
0.00
4554.88
4554.88
0.00
5114.24
5114.24
82.29
1149.35
1149.39
42.30
1147.63
1150.94
54.81
767.25
767.29
28.11
766.12
768.34
27.49
382.14
382.10
14.18
381.55
382.60
WITH GENERATOR
From
Bus
To Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
50.62
536.52
529.53
20.08
473.97
470.62
171.16
1582.65
1587.00
115.30
1865.39
1861.16
27.65
247.97
245.83
13.05
218.85
218.26
70.16
2308.40
2305.84
43.26
2552.18
2547.29
0.00
3674.75
3674.75
0.00
3917.70
3917.70
46.69
912.17
916.48
28.74
911.84
916.73
23.47
454.31
456.40
14.52
454.10
456.53
WITH GENERATOR
From
Bus
To Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
29.33
342.23
337.46
9.87
293.07
290.73
118.23
1011.28
1013.21
81.62
1154.45
1150.85
16.23
158.14
156.64
6.86
135.30
134.84
57.99
1474.00
1471.11
40.92
1578.84
1574.49
45.64
1763.85
1761.13
34.47
1859.61
1855.93
0.00
2881.23
2881.23
0.00
2976.32
2976.32
12.34
289.89
290.98
6.44
280.81
282.06
WITH GENERATOR
From
Bus
To Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
20.42
236.80
233.49
6.86
200.78
199.19
81.50
699.68
700.98
55.56
790.89
788.38
11.30
109.45
108.40
4.73
92.71
92.38
39.66
1019.86
1017.81
27.57
1081.65
1078.60
22.51
1422.54
1420.62
18.70
1467.77
1465.59
17.15
402.72
404.27
8.87
386.28
388.00
0.00
1972.70
1972.70
0.00
2017.71
2017.71
Without Generator
With Generator
BUS 1
3521.37644
3607.644
BUS 2
4823.47
5799.32
BUS 3
2315.22
2457.04
BUS 4
5111.85
5111.85
BUS 5
3917.28
3917.28
BUS 6
2976.4498
2976.4498
BUS 7
2017.7555
2017.7555
The behaviour of fault current in line-to-line fault is almost the same with single line-toground. Bus 2 has the highest available line-to-line fault current increased by 20.23%, from
4823.47 to 5799.32 amperes.
Line fault currents between bus 1 and faulted bus increased and line fault current
outside of this decreased. The line current between bus 3 and 2 decreased regardless of the
location of the fault.
4. blah Double line-to-ground
From
Bus
To Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
0.00
4630.68
5010.98
825.82
1320.12
76.31
WITH GENERATOR
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
0.00
4710.84
5104.07
1370.87
864.48
1404.63
1458.81
147.02
152.91
64.22
125.13
130.32
289.68
571.95
595.47
243.66
486.98
507.52
160.74
302.23
313.90
135.34
257.30
267.46
107.31
201.78
209.56
90.37
171.78
178.56
53.43
100.45
104.34
44.97
85.51
88.90
To Bus
WITHOUT GENERATOR
WITH GENERATOR
Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
477.74
1133.99
1076.72
496.48
1133.24
1075.63
0.00
5006.63
4830.41
0.00
5990.68
5783.29
19.37
471.75
462.63
24.85
471.42
463.01
105.05
1853.09
1817.36
127.81
1852.21
1819.32
26.23
960.37
940.45
35.14
959.45
941.00
17.45
641.11
627.81
23.39
640.48
628.18
8.79
319.26
312.65
11.76
318.97
312.82
WITH GENERATOR
From
Bus
To Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
283.40
501.33
504.26
263.24
440.38
452.09
30.29
1857.44
1800.91
22.22
1985.00
1930.65
0.00
2410.94
2330.40
0.00
2538.25
2464.41
18.12
745.41
730.60
22.97
657.55
646.42
11.67
386.82
378.62
6.48
341.06
334.78
7.82
258.26
252.78
4.35
227.68
223.49
3.85
128.61
125.89
2.18
113.38
111.29
WITH GENERATOR
From
Bus
To Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
397.62
888.99
854.39
403.68
836.40
812.64
58.70
2489.17
2387.13
66.27
3044.56
2916.41
146.01
367.12
360.05
15.61
342.39
336.45
0.00
4693.82
4536.01
0.00
5250.71
5083.32
187.43
1156.37
1143.03
13.09
1154.83
1144.45
125.93
771.98
763.06
8.79
770.93
764.03
61.50
384.44
380.01
4.31
383.94
380.47
WITH GENERATOR
From
Bus
To Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
318.30
618.94
611.07
319.93
561.62
565.89
14.31
1696.07
1634.57
9.54
1971.11
1895.80
8.41
248.14
243.28
7.91
219.85
215.96
46.19
2408.68
2315.09
43.43
2649.16
2551.01
0.00
3777.63
3657.72
0.00
4018.07
3897.37
30.96
917.53
911.84
29.12
916.65
912.67
15.23
456.94
454.06
14.31
456.48
454.48
WITH GENERATOR
From
Bus
To Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
247.59
415.65
422.09
248.09
373.69
389.08
42.42
1095.71
1061.36
43.18
1233.35
1190.60
4.39
158.19
154.88
3.68
135.84
133.21
63.05
1546.63
1488.69
61.79
1649.30
1589.68
50.66
1835.35
1770.04
49.62
1929.31
1863.38
0.00
2960.89
2862.40
0.00
3054.52
2957.16
12.51
291.48
289.26
12.26
282.27
280.60
To Bus
WITHOUT GENERATOR
WITH GENERATOR
Bus
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
PHASE
A
PHASE
B
PHASE
C
202.32
307.08
319.09
203.24
278.72
296.67
51.63
771.89
752.48
51.75
858.41
832.77
2.30
109.36
107.06
1.80
92.96
91.16
60.20
1080.69
1043.29
59.07
1140.69
1102.11
35.39
1481.57
1432.16
34.89
1525.63
1476.55
24.93
405.07
401.97
24.31
388.41
386.07
0.00
2035.95
1968.85
0.00
2079.93
2013.70
Just like the other unsymmetrical fault, double line-to-ground increased all its fault
current at its faulted bus except bus 3. Bus 1 has the highest available double line-to-ground fault
current, increased only by 1.11%. The magnitude of the fault current at this bus is 467.5 %
higher compared to the second highest current.
Line fault currents between bus 1 and faulted bus, increased and line fault current outside
of this decreased. The line current between bus 3 and 2 decreased regardless of the location of the
fault.