This question paper consists of three sections: Section A, Section B and Section C.

Kertas soalan ini mengandungi tiga bahagian: Bahagian A, Bahagian B dan Bahagian C. Section A Bahagian A [60 marks] [60 markah] Answer all questions in this section. Jawab semua soalan dalam bahagian ini. 1. Diagram shows the apparatus set up in an experiment to study the effect of the concentration of hydroch oric acid on the !o ume of car"on dioxide gas produced. The resu ts of the experiment are ta"u ated in the ta" e. Rajah menunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu eksperimen untuk mengkaji kesan kepekatan asid hidroklorik ke atas isi padu gas karbon dioksida yang terhasil. Keputusan eksperimen ditunjukkan pada jadual tersebut.

Diagram#Rajah

Procedure Prosedur &oncentration of '& (mo dm)*+ Kepekatan '& (mol dm,*+ %o ume of &0- (cm*+ $si padu &0- (cm*+ Ta" e#Jadual (a+ 3rite one hypothesis for this experiment. Tuliskan satu hipotesis bagi eksperimen ini.

$$ $$$ $% %

-.0 1.. 1.6 1./ 1.1* *6 -2 16 2

_____________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mar4#markah] ("+ 5tate all the !aria" es of this experiment. Nyatakan kesemua pemboleh ubah eksperimen ini. i. 6anipu ated !aria" e Pemboleh ubah dimanipulasikan
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__________________________________________________________________________________ ii. 7esponding !aria" e Pemboleh ubah bergerak balas __________________________________________________________________________________ iii. &ontro ed !aria" e Pemboleh ubah dikawal __________________________________________________________________________________ [* mar4s#markah] (c+ 8ist three pieces of apparatus that are used in this experiment. Senaraikan tiga radas yang digunakan di dalam eksperimen ini. _____________________________________________________________________________________ [* mar4s#markah] (d+ 9ased on the resu ts in ta" e: p ot a graph of the !o ume of car"on dioxide gas produced against the concentration of the hydroch oric acid used. erdasarkan keputusan di dalam jadual! plotkan sebuah gra" isi padu gas karbon dioksida terhasil melawan kepekatan asid hidroklorik yang digunakan. [- mar4s#markah] (e+ 3hat conc usion can you draw from the graph in (d+; #pakah kesimpulan yang boleh dibuat daripada gra" di dalam (d+; _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ [- mar4s#markah] -. Diagram shows the sym"o s of e ement < and e ement =. The etters used are not the actua sym"o s of the e ements. Rajah menunjukkan simbol bagi unsur < dan unsur =. $uru" % huru" yang digunakan adalah bukan simbol sebenar bagi unsur % unsur itu.

(a+ i. 5tate the proton num"er and neutron num"er of e ements < and =. Nyatakan nombor proton dan nombor neutron bagi unsur < dan unsur =. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> [- mar4s#markah] ii. 3rite the e ectron configurations of e ements < and =. Tuliskan kon"igurasi elektron bagi unsur < dan unsur =. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> [- mar4s#markah] iii. ?xp ain why e ement = is found to "e sta" e and unreacti!e. Terangkan mengapa unsur = dijumpai dalam keadaan stabil dan tidak reakti". __________________________________________________________________________________
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[1 mar4#markah] ("+ 6any e ements exhi"it the phenomenon of isotopy where"y an e ement can ha!e more than one type of isotope. @or examp e: ch orine with a proton num"er of 12 has two isotopes: ch orine,*1 and ch orine,*2. Kebanyakan unsur menunjukkan "enomena isotop di mana sesuatu unsur boleh mempunyai lebih daripada satu jenis isotop. &ontohnya klorin dengan 12 nombor proton dan mempunyai dua isotop! klorin , *1 dan klorin , *2. i. 3hat is meant "y isotopes; #pakah yang dimaksudkan dengan isotop' __________________________________________________________________________________ [- mar4s#markah] ii. ?xp ain why the two isotopes of ch orine ha!e the same chemica properties. Terangkan mengapa dua isotop klorin mempunyai si"at % si"at kimia yang sama. __________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mar4#markah] iii. 3rite the sym"o s of the two isotopes of ch orine. Tuliskan simbol bagi kedua % dua isotop klorin itu. [- mar4s#markah] *. Diagram "e ow shows the apparatus set up to determine the empirica formu a of oxide <. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas untuk menentukan "ormula empirikal bagi oksida <..

Diagram#Rajah Dry hydrogen gas is passed through the com"ustion tu"e for a few minutes. A " ac4 powder of oxide < is then heated unti no change is o"ser!ed. Th e fo owing resu ts are recorded. (as hidrogen kering dialirkan melalui tiub pembakaran beberapa minit. Satu serbuk hitam oksida < kemudian dipanaskan sehingga tiada perubahan kelihatan. erikut adalah keputusan diperolehi. 6ass of com"ustion tu"e A as"estos paper B -*.*0 g Jisim tiub pembakaran A kertas asbestos 6ass of com"ustion tu"e A as"estos paper A oxide < "efore heating B *1.*0 g Jisim tiub pembakaran A kertas asbestos A oksida < sebelum pembakaran 6ass of com"ustion tu"e A as"estos paper A oxide < aft er heating B -C.20 g Jisim tiub pembakaran A kertas asbestos A oksida < selepas pembakaran

[7e ati!e atomic mass: 0: 16D < B 6/] [Jisim atom relati" : 0: 16D < B 6/] (a+ 3rite a "a anced chemica equation to show how hydrogen is prepared. Tulis satu persamaan kimia seimbang untuk menunjukkan penyediaan hidrogen gas. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> [1 mar4#1 markah] ("+ 5tate the reason why dry hydrogen gas must "e passed through the com"ustion tu"e for a few minutes "efore heating; Nyatakan sebab mengapa gas hidrogen kering mesti dialirkan melalui tiub pembakaran beberapa minit; >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> [1 mar4#1 markah] (c+ 5uggest one other chemica which can rep ace anhydrous ca cium ch oride. &adangkan satu bahan lain bagi menggantikan kalsium klorida. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> [1 mar4#1 markah] (d+ ?xp ain how you can "e sure of that a of oxide < comp ete y reacted in this experiment. Terangkan bagaimana untuk memastikan semua oksida < bertindakbalas lengkap dalam eksperimen ini. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> [1 mar4#1 markah] (e+ 9ased on resu ts of the experiment: ca cu ate empirica formu a of oxide <. erdasarkan keputusan eksperimen! hitung "ormula empirikal oksida <.

[/ mar4s#/ markah] (f+ The experiment is repeated using oxide = and oxide E. Th e ta" e shows the o"ser!ation for the reactions. )ksperimen ini diulangi dengan menggunakan oksida = dan oksida E. Jadual berikut menunjukkan pemerhatian bagi tindak balas tersebut.

(i+ 9ased on the o"ser!ation: arrange the reacti!ity of meta s <: = and E in descending order. erdasarkan pemerhatian! susun logam <: = dan E dalam kereakti"an menurun.

>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> [1 mar4#1 markah] (ii+ 5uggest a method to determine the empirica formu a of oxide =. &adangkan satu kaedah untuk menentukan "ormula empirikal bagi oksida =. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> [1 mar4#1 markah] / Diagram "e ow shows the set,up of an e ectro ytic ce . 9ea4er $ contains a components of a simp e chemica ce . whereas e ectro ysis ta4es p ace in 9ea4er $$. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan susunan radas bagi satu sel elektrokimia. ikar * mengandungi komponen sel kimia ringkas sementara proses elektrolisis berlaku di dalam ikar **.

D$AF7A6#R#J#$ (a+5tate the changes in energy in 9ea4er $ and 9ea4er $$. Nyatakan perubahan tenaga di dalam ikar * dan ikar **. 9ea4er $ # ikar * >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> 9ea4er $$# ikar ** ________________________________________________________________________________________ [- marks#- mar4ah] (" 3hich meta is the negati!e termina in 9ea4er $; + +ogam yang manakah ialah terminal negati" di dalam ikar *' ________________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark#1 mar4ah] (c+(i+ 5tate the process occurred in the copper e ectrode in 9ea4er $. Nyatakan proses yang berlaku di dalam elektrod kuprum di dalam ikar $. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> [1 mark#1 mar4ah] (ii+ 3hat wou d you o"ser!e at the si !er e ectrode in 9ea4er $; #pakah yang kamu dapat perhatikan pada elektrod argentum di dalam bikar *' _____________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark#1 mar4ah]
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(d 3rite equations for reactions which occurred at anode and cathode in 9ea4er $$. + Tuliskan persamaan bagi tindak balas yang berlaku di anod dan katod di dalam ikar **. Anode##nod: ________________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark#1 mar4ah] &athode#Katod: ________________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark#1 mar4ah] (e+(i+ 3hat happens to the !o tmeter reading when the magnesium e ectrode in 9ea4er $ is rep ace with Ginc e ectrode; #pakah yang berlaku pada ba,aan -oltmeter apabila elektrod magnesium di dalam bikar * digantikan dengan elektrod .ink' _____________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mark#1 mar4ah] (ii+?xp ain your reasons in (e+ (i+. Terangkan alasan kamu di /e0 /i0. _____________________________________________________________________________________ [- marks#- mar4ah] 1. Diagram "e ow shows part of the structura formu a of a po ymer. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan sebahagian "ormula struktur bagi satu polimer.

Diagram #Rajah (a+ (i+ Fi!e the structura formu a of its monomer. erikan "ormula struktur bagi monomernya. [1 mark#markah] (ii+ Hame the monomer in (a+i. Namakan monomer di (a+i. [1 mark#markah] (iii Fi!e two uses of this po ymer. + erikan dua kegunaan polimer ini. [- marks#markah] ("+ Hame the type of reaction which produces the po ymer. Namakan jenis tindak balas untuk menghasilkan polimer. [1 mark#markah] (c+ Fi!e two reasons why the po ymer has rep aced many natura materia s. erikan dua sebab kenapa polimer menggantikan banyak bahan%bahan semula jadi. [- marks#markah] (d+ Hame two types of en!ironmenta po ution which resu t from the synthetic po ymer. Nyatakan dua jenis pen,emaran alam sekitar yang terhasil daripada polimer sintetik. [- marks#markah] (e+ Fi!e one way to reduce the po ution stated in (d+.
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erikan satu ,ara untuk mengurangkan pen,emaran yang dinyatakan di (d+. [1 mark#markah] 6. Diagram "e ow shows a changing series regarding g ucose. Rajah below menunjukkan satu siri pertukaran berkaitan dengan glukosa.

Diagram#Rajah (a+ 8iquid A has a mo ecu ar formu a of &-'60 and has a functiona group of )0'. Draw the structura formu a of iquid A. &e,air # mempunyai "ormula molekul &1$23 dan mempunyai kumpulan ber"ungsi 43$. +ukiskan "ormula struktur bagi ,e,air #.

[- mar4s#- markah] ("+ 3hen gas 9 is f owed into "romine water: the "rown co our of "romine water deco ourise. #pabila gas 9 dialirkan ke dalam air bromin! warna perang air bromin dinyahwarnakan. (i+ Hame gas 9. Namakan gas 9. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> [1 mar4#1 markah] (ii+ 3rite the chemica equation for the reaction in ("+. Tuliskan persamaan kimia bagi tindak balas di ("+. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> [1 mar4#1 markah] (c+ 8iquid & re eases car"on dioxide gas when it reacts with sodium car"onate. &e,air & didapati membebaskan gas karbon dioksida apabila ditindakbalaskan dengan natrium karbonat. (i+ Hame iquid &.
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Namakan ,e,air &. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> [1 mar4#1 markah] (ii+ 3rite the mo ecu ar formu a for iquid &. Tuliskan "ormula molekul bagi ,e,air &. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> [1 mar4#1 markah] (d+ 8iquid D has a fruity sme . &e,air 5 didapati berbau wangi buah%buahan. (i+ Hame cata yst =. Namakan mangkin =. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> [1 mar4#1 markah] (ii+ Hame the homo ogous series for iquid D. Namakan siri homolog bagi ,e,air D. >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> >>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>> [1 mar4#1 markah] (e+ Ia m oi is considered under the same homo ogous series as iquid D. 6inyak sawit digolongkan dalam siri homolog yang sama seperti ,e,air D. (i+The mo ecu e of pa m oi formed from the com"ination of one mo ecu e of < and three mo ecu es of =. Hame < and =. 6olekul minyak sawit terbentuk daripada gabungan satu molekul < dan tiga molekul =. Namakan < dan =. __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ [1 mar4#1 markah]

Section B Bahagian B [-0 marks] [-0 markah] Answer any one questions from this section. Jawab mana%mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini. 2. (a+ Substance Bahan - bahan < = E Melting point Takat lebur 8ow Rendah 'igh Tinggi 'igh Tinggi Solubility in water Kelarutan di dalam air $nso u" e Tidak larut 5o u" e +arut $nso u" e Tidak larut Electrical conductivity Konduktiviti elektrik Solid Pepejal Ho Tidak Ho Tidak =es 7a Molten Leburan Ho Tidak =es 7a =es 7a

&ompare: "y gi!ing reasons: the fo owing physica properties of su"stances <: = and E: andingkan si"at % si"at "i.ikal yang berikut bagi bahan % bahan <: = dan E dengan memberi sebab : i. the me ting points: takat lebur! ii. the so u"i ity in water: kelarutan di dalam air! iii. the e ectrica conducti!ity. kondukti-iti elektrik. [1- mar4s#markah] ("+ Descri"e a simp e experiment to determine whether a iquid is a co!a ent compound or an ionic compound. $uraikan satu eksperimen yang mudah untuk menentukan sama ada ,e,air merupakan suatu sebatian ko-alen atau suatu sebatian ionik. [. mar4s#markah] .. Two experiments were carried out to determine the rate of production of oxygen gas during the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. $n experiment $: -0 cm* of - mo dm)* hydrogen peroxide were used. $n experiment $$: -0 cm* of / mo dm)*hydrogen peroxide were used. The graphs o"tained from the two experiments are as shown "e ow. 5ua eksperimen telah dijalankan untuk menentukan kadar penghasilan gas oksigen semasa penguraian hidrogen peroksida. 5i dalam eksperimen *!18 ,m9 hidrogen peroksida 1 mol dm%9 telah digunakan.5i dalam eksperimen **! 18 ,m9 hidrogen peroksida : mol dm%9 digunakan.(ra" yang didapati dari kedua%dua eksperimen ditunjukkan seperti di bawah.

Diagram#Rajah (a+ 9ased on the information gi!en: answer the fo owing questions. erdasarkan maklumat yang diberikan! jawab soalan%soalan berikut. (i+ Define the rate of a reaction. Takri"kan kadar tindak balas. [ - marks#markah] (ii+ 3rite a "a anced chemica equation for the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Tuliskan persamaan kimia seimbang bagi penguraian hydrogen peroksida. [ - marks#markah] (iii &ompare the rate of the reaction in experiment $ with that in experiment $$. + andingkan kadar tindak balas di dalam eksperimen * dengan eksperimen **. [ - marks#markah] (i!+?xp ain your answer in (iii+. Terangakan jawapan anda di /iii0 [/ marks#markah] ("+ $n the a"o!e experiment: a cata yst is needed for the decomposition of the hydrogen peroxide. 5i dalam eksperimen di atas! mangkin diperlukan bagi penguraian hydrogen peroksida. (i+ Hame the cata yst and exp ain how it affects the rate of the reaction: "ased on the co ision theory. Namakan mangkin tersebut dan terangkan bagaimana ia mempengaruhi kadar tindak alas!berdasarkan teori perlanggaran. [ 2 marks#markah] (c+ Hames three industry that main y used cata yst in their chemica reactions. Namakan tiga industri yang banyak menggunakan mangkin di dalam tindak balas kimia. [ * marks#markah]

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Section C Bahagian C [-0 marks] [-0 markah] Answer any one questions from this section. Jawab mana%mana satu soalan daripada bahagian ini. C. Diagram shows the mode of "y the atom proposed "y James &hadwic4. Rajah menunjukkan model atom yang diperkenalkan oleh James &hadwi,k.

Diagram#Rajah (a+ Descri"e "rief y mode of the atom proposed James &hadwic4. $uraikan se,ara ringkas mengenai model atom yang diperkenalkan oleh James &hadwi,k. [/ mar4s#markah] 9ased on the mode of the atom shown aho!e and "y using the periodic ta" e of e ements: identify one e ement that is ("+
p aced in the same group as the e ement shown in the diagram and write the sym"o for the e ement in the form of where < is the sym"o of the e ement: A is the nuc eon num"er and E is the proton num"er. erdasarkan model atom yang ditunjukkan di atas dan dengan menggunakan Jadual erkala ;nsur! kenal pasti satu unsur yang terletak di dalam kumpulan yang sama seperti unsur yang ditunjukkan dalam rajah dan tuliskan simbol bagi unsur itu dalam bentuk proton. ! di mana < merupakan simbol bagi unsur itu! A ialah nombor nukleon dan Eialah nombor :

[* mar4s#markah] (c+ Fi!e reasons for your answer in ("+ and descri"e the atomic structure of the e ement. erikan sebab bagi jawapan anda di ("+ dan huraikan struktur atom bagi unsur itu. [6 mar4s#markah] (d+ ?xp ain the differences "etween a so id and a gas in terms of the arrangement of the partic es forces of attraction: rate of diffusion and 4inetic energy. Terangkan perbe.aan di antara pepejal dan gas dalam istilah penyusunan .arah % .arah! daya tarikan! kadar resapan dan tenaga kinetik. [2 mar4s#markah] 10. (a+ Diagram "e ow shows the condition of ch orine and neon that exist at room temperature. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan keadaan klorin dan neon yang wujud pada suhu bilik.

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Diagram#Rajah i. Fi!e the e ectronic arrangement of ch orine and neon: then determine the ocation of their group in the Ieriodic Ta" e of ? ements. erikan susunan elektron bagi klorin dan neon! kemudian tentukan lokasi kumpulan mereka dalam Jadual erkala ;nsur. [/ mar4s#/ markah] ii. ?xp ain why ch orine e ement exist as diatomic at room temperature: "ut neon exist as monoatom. $uraikan mengapakah unsur klorin wujud dalam bentuk dwiatom di dalam suhu bilik! tetapi neon wujud dalam bentuk monoatom. [6 mar4s#6 markah] ("+ Diagram "e ow shows the different change in chemica properties for two different groups when going down the group. Rajah di bawah menunjukkan perubahan si"at kimia yang berbe.a bagi dua kumpulan yang berbe.a semasa menuruni kumpulan.

Diagram #Rajah [10 mar4s#10 markah]

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