Building Commissioning Practice Guide for Hong Kong

i
A Practice Guide to Building Commissioning Management (Guideline M1)

A
Practice Guide
to

Building
Commissioning
Management

(Practice Guide M1)

for
Hong Kong

Prepared by:

Hong Kong Building Commissioning Centre

i
This Practice Guide is prepared by the Hong Kong Building Commissioning
Centre (HKBCxC).

First Edition February 2006
Edited by: Ir Dr. Leonard KH Chow

Published by:
Vocational Training Council

ISBN 978-988-99004-0-3
ISBN 988-99004-0-8

Printed in Hong Kong

Disclaimer

This Practice Guide is issued as a reference for the industry and serves as a
guideline for managers and practitioners who work in the field of Building
Commissioning. It is the intention of the HKBCxC, a non-profit making body,
to compile a practice guide for service providers with the aim of facilitating the
continual advancement of the building industry. HKBCxC will not take any
responsibility arising from the use of it and any damages caused.
ii
Introduction to HKBCxC

Honorary Advisors
Hong Kong
Ir Edmund KH Leung OBE JP
Ir Otto LT Poon BBS OBE
Ir Dr. John WK Luk
Ir Dr. Alex SK Chan
Mainland China
Professor Weiding Long
Japan
Professor Dr. N Nakahara
USA
Mr. Paul Tseng PE CxP

Founding Members
Corporate Members:
ClydeMan Engineering Ltd.
ISPL Consulting Ltd.
Johnson Controls Hong Kong Ltd.
Karson Engineers Co. Ltd.
Skyforce Engineering Ltd.
Individual Members:
Ir Alex WL Li
Ir Philip KS Pih
Ir Leo CF Wong
Institutional Members:
Building Services Operation and Maintenance Executives Society
IVE (Tsing Yi Nexus)

iii
Acknowledgements

The Hong Kong Building Commissioning Centre wishes to express thanks to
the following persons and organizations for their comments on this practice
guide.

Honorary Advisors

Ir Edmund KH LEUNG OBE JP
Ir Otto LT POON BBS OBE
Ir Dr. John WK LUK

Organizations

Architectural Services Department
Electrical and Mechanical Services Department
Building Services Operation and Maintenance Executives Society
The Hong Kong Institution of Engineers
(Building, and Building Services Divisions)
The Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers
(Hong Kong Branch)

Individual

Ir SK Au Yeung

iv
Contents Page

1. Introduction 1

2. Preface 2

3. Overview of International Practices 3

4. Overview of Hong Kong Practice 4

5. Why Hong Kong Needs a Recognized Building Commissioning
Practice Guide? 5

6. Building Commissioning Practice in Hong Kong 7
6.1 Coverage of Building Commissioning 7
6.2 Commissioning Definitions 7
6.3 Commissioning Phases 9
6.4 Commissioning Model 14
6.5 Commissioning Parties 16

7. Bibliographies 19

8. References 20

Appendix I: Figure A1 Commissioning Model 21

Appendix II: Overview of International Practices 22

1
1. Introduction

This Practice Guide (hereinafter referred to as PG) provides practical
guidance on the subject of Building Commissioning Management. It is
prepared for owners / clients of building, building project managers,
building and building services consultants, contractors, building
managers, and those related to the design, construction, operation and
maintenance of buildings.

The recommendation made by the PG may not be exhaustive. It should
be read in conjunction with the current local regulations, Codes of
Practices, relevant standards and publications in order to provide the best
practice.

The PG commences with an overview of the current practice on building
commissioning adopted locally and overseas; then reveals the reasons
that Hong Kong needs a recognized Building Commissioning Practice
Guide; followed by the presentation of proposed practice model of
Building Commissioning Management applicable to Hong Kong where it
sets out the recommended procedures towards the management of
building commissioning.

2
2. Preface

The term "Commissioning" (in short as Cx) has different interpretations
according to the practice adopted in US and UK. The US model focuses
on documentation and validation throughout the whole building
development process while the UK model is more functionally orientated
towards the acceptance phase. The US model emphasizes that
Building Commissioning (BCx) is a quality control process. The
balancing of systems is usually considered as a separate process, i.e.
Testing, Adjusting and Balancing (TAB) which is normally handled by a
TAB Contractor. In UK, various procedural codes for balancing different
building services systems have been well developed in a very systematic
manner. Recently, a new code on Commissioning Management
practice was introduced to meet the demand from industry and the
implementation of the new Part L of the Building Regulations. However,
direct implementation of the codes from UK and the commissioning
process from US may not be practical for our local industry

For many years, the building commissioning works in Hong Kong have
not been highly regarded by various building professionals and
contractors. Until recent years, the increasing demand for quality
building and built environment, including efficient and effective energy
management and building operation & maintenance over their life cycles
have led to the recognition of the importance of properly commissioned
buildings among building professionals and project developers in stronger
and wider dimensions. Contracts of commissioning of building services
systems have been issued and the role of Commissioning Manager has
been introduced in the industry in some prestigious commercial and
industrial projects.

3
3. Overview of International Practices

Various organizations around the world have dedicated their efforts
towards building commissioning. Currently, Japan, Mainland China, the
USA and the United Kingdom are the countries that have issued or are
issuing codes, standards, publications and research reports on the
subject. Studies on building commissioning practices around the world
conducted by Wong and Chow (2003) [1], and Lau and Chan (2002) [2]
are summarized in Appendix II.

4
4. Overview of Hong Kong Practice

In Hong Kong, the Building Services Branch (BSB) of the Architectural
Services Department (ArchSD) has published twelve sets of Testing &
Commissioning (T&C) procedures for various building services systems
in Government buildings as early as 1990. The procedures were based
on the CIBSE Commissioning Codes and focused on the technical
aspects of the T&C procedures of HVAC and the other building services
systems.

The Hong Kong Government, as one of the major owners in building
development in Hong Kong, has an influential role in setting the quality
standards in the building industry. Although the aforesaid T&C
procedures are primarily designed for use in Government building projects,
they are widely accepted as standard references for consultants and
contractors and they are applied to the private sectors.

In the past, Hong Kong has no requirement for independent
commissioning service provider in the field. In the recent years, some
clients have begun to introduce an independent commissioning contract,
under a service system sub-contract (e.g. under HVAC) or a main
contract, or even under a project manager. With this, the trend,
requirements and independent contracts of commissioning and
retro-commissioning in Hong Kong are soaring.

5
5. Why Hong Kong Needs a Recognized Building Commissioning
Practice Guide?

Wong and Chow (2003), and Lau and Chan (2002) point out that the
current practice of T&C of HVAC systems is merely treated as an exercise
before the handing over of the system to the owners, clients or end users
rather than as a continuous and integrated process of ascertaining the
performance and quality of the building systems. They believe that it is
of paramount importance to realize that the success of commissioning a
HVAC system relies not only on technical ground but also on managerial
approach. Lau and Chan (2002) further state that the inclusion of the
commissioning elements in the tendering documents at the beginning of
the project will ensure there are resources allowed for commissioning
purposes. In this aspect, the Hong Kong HVAC industry has room for
improvement and it demands a new framework and mind-set of all
participants in the design/construction processes. They also state that it
requires the owner, client, end-user, the contractor and the design team to
work as one team and focus on delivering a high quality building.

There is a strong demand for establishing a recognized Building
Commissioning Practice Guide suitable for Hong Kong based on the
following reasons:

The importance, quality and requirements of building operations
have received much greater attention in recent years.

Increasing interdependence of building service installations
demands a more integrated approach to testing and commissioning
of the systems offered by different contractors.

There are industry demands for a recognized building
commissioning practice guide.

Direct implementation of US and UK codes and practices may not
be suitable for Hong Kong.

Industry is looking for independent management of building
6
commissioning together with precise procedural codes with Hong
Kong characteristics.

To benchmark the worlds trend in technology advanced countries
with proper building commissioning standard.

Owners / Clients, property management organizations and
operation & maintenance professionals have put stronger emphasis
on energy efficiency and energy effectiveness of a building and its
services.

7
6. Building Commissioning Practice in Hong Kong

With a view to meeting the demand from the building industry for a
recognized practical guide in Building Commissioning, comprehensive
establishment of definitions, concepts, codes, procedures,
documentations, management model, training course, certifications,
professional advices, technology transfer, etc. have to be developed.

6.1 Coverage of Building Commissioning

According to the demands and requirements of industry, the complete
building commissioning work covers the following building services
installations as well as building works.

HVAC System
Electrical Services
Fire Services
Plumbing & Drainage Services
Building and Energy Management & Systems (BEMS)
Telecommunications and Extra-low Voltage Systems (TELVS)
Lifts and Escalators
Building Envelope Systems

6.2 Commissioning Definitions

i. Building Commissioning

Building Commissioning is a quality checking process of verifying
and documenting that the performance and maintainability of
building and its services fulfill the functional and operational needs of
the owner / client, operators and occupiers, in addition to statutory
requirements. It requires that these needs are documented as
systems acceptance criteria, and that formal processes be
implemented to verify and document that the systems are planned,
designed, constructed and capable of being operated and
8
maintained in accordance with these criteria. The ultimate goal of
this process is to confirm, through functional testing, that the
interactions of the building systems comply with the acceptance
criteria. Such acceptance criteria are related to professional
practice as well as specific user requirements. When the goal is
achieved, building quality and safety would also be brought up to the
required levels.

Building commissioning is a continuous process and should be
formulated as a management cycle in planning, implementing,
checking/reviewing and improving.

ii. Building Commissioning Process

The Building Commissioning Process is a team effort which verifies
that all equipment and systems have been designed, installed and
put into operation in accordance with the owners / clients criteria for
performance and maintainability.

iii. Commissioning Management

The planning, organization, co-ordination, documentation and
control of commissioning activities.

iv. Commissioning Manager

The firm or person appointed to manage the commissioning process,
being responsible for overall planning, supervision and witnessing of
the results of the integrated commissioning systems.

v. Commissioning Plan

The document defines the commissioning process with detailed
activities and it will be submitted by the commissioning manager to
the owner / client.

9
vi. Commissioning Specification

The document prescribes the detailed requirements and the scope
of work with the various commissioning services the commissioning
manager and the related parties have to comply with. The
specification should refer to drawings, schedules and relevant parts
of the codes, manuals, guides and standards.

vii. Retro-commissioning

Commissioning of existing buildings with the omission fully or partly
of the commissioning management process at its completion.

6.3 Commissioning Phases

6.3.1 New Project Commissioning

HKBCxC defines FOUR different phases for the New Project building
commissioning process.

i. Phase 1- Program

Owner / Client recognizes the needs of Cx in project brief
Owner / Client engages a Cx manager
Cx manager will be responsible for
developing Cx plans and objectives
developing Cx requirements for design stage
working parallel with the design team

10
ii. Phase 2 Design

Reviewing design intent on commissionability
Preparing Cx specification
Developing a Cx plan and revises according to change in
design
Assessing tenders related to commissioning issues

iii. Phase 3 Construction

Reviewing and commenting on submission and
documentation on commissionability
Conducting Cx meetings for scope and plan finalization
Developing and revising pre-test checklists as necessary
Performing pre-tests
Reviewing and commenting format for O&M manuals

iv. Phase 4 Acceptance

Executing functional and performance tests
Organizing handover meeting and recommending
handover date
Conducting operator training
Reviewing O&M manuals
Preparing and submitting final Cx report
Retesting and monitoring as needed
Developing re-commissioning schedule

11
6.3.2 Retro-commissioning

HKBCxC defines FOUR different phases for retro-commissioning work.

i. Phase 1 Planning

Owner / client / end-user identifies the purpose of the
retro-commissioning (e.g. the future functional
requirements, O&M requirements, etc.)
Owner / Client engages a Cx manager
developing Cx objectives
reviewing documentation and historical utility data
developing retro-commissioning plan

ii. Phase 2 Investigation

Performing site assessments
Developing and executing test plans
Analyzing results
Developing a deficiency list
Recommending actions for improvement

iii. Phase 3 Implementation

Implementing repairs and improvement
Planning and managing works carried out by relevant
parties
Retesting and monitoring results
Fine tuning if needed

12
iv. Phase 4 Acceptance

Submitting final report
Performing deferred tests if needed
Developing re-commissioning schedule

13

Fig. 1 Commissioning Phases

NEW PROJECT
COMMISSIONING

RETRO-
COMMISSIONING
PHASE 1:
PLANNING

PHASE 2:
DESIGN
PHASE 2:
INVESTIGATION

PHASE 3:
CONSTRUCTION
PHASE 3:
IMPLEMENTATION

PHASE 4:
ACCEPTANCE
PHASE 4:
ACCEPTANCE

PHASE 1:
PROGRAM
14
6.4 Commissioning Model

HKBCxC recommends that the commissioning process shall be executed
under a commissioning model as shown in Fig. A1 (Appendix I). In this
model, the Total Building Commissioning consists of two main branches:

i. Building Commissioning Management
ii. Building Commissioning Codes / Procedures

Building Commissioning Management involves the overall management
approach in the following areas:

Commissioning Management
Commissioning Plan
Commissioning Specification

Commissioning Plan refers to the management plan for the whole
commissioning process including commissioning specification,
commissioning team structure and communication channel,
documentations and equipment, and the time schedule.

HKBCxC would launch the practice guides on Commissioning Plan (M2)
and Commissioning Specification (M3) at a later stage.

Building Commissioning Procedures refer to the practical procedures on
individual disciplines of building systems and services complete with
checklist, standard forms, schematics, etc. HKBCxC intends to launch
the Building Commissioning Procedures on the following building, and
building services installations in near future:

HVAC System;
Electrical Services;
Fire Services;
Plumbing & Drainage Services;
Building and Energy Management Systems (BEMS);
Telecommunications and Extra-low Voltage Systems (TELVS);

15
Lifts and Escalators;
Building Envelope;
Others such as Indoor Air Quality, Water Treatment, etc.
16
6.5 Commissioning Parties

To succeed in the Building Commissioning work with proper management,
the following parties have specific responsibilities to ensure that the Cx
process is in order. A diagram is shown in Fig. 2.

a) Owner / Client / End User

The owner / client / end-user shall show the dedication in
procurement of quality building and systems by defining the overall
vision and establishing operational goals and user requirements,
including building quality expectation and functional requirements.

b) Commissioning Manager

The commissioning manager is a person or organization who is
experienced in building commissioning process and capable of
leading and organizing the commissioning team. The
commissioning team shall prepare the commissioning plan and
specifications, monitor the commissioning process and prepare the
final commissioning report.

c) Design Team

The design team, normally consisting of owners / clients / end
users representative(s), architects and engineers, shall prepare the
design documents with complete calculations, data sheet and
drawings, etc. which explicitly transform the owners / clients / end
users design intents into realistic function of the building systems.

d) Project or Construction Manager

The project or construction manager is responsible for managing the
construction process and ensuring the respective commissioning
process to be completed on time. The specific commissioning
responsibilities could include coordinating interactions between the
commissioning team and other project team members.
17
e) Main Contractor

The main contractor is responsible for overall construction and
coordination. The specific commissioning responsibilities could
include, but not limited to, site coordination, schedule performance
tests and provision of facilities for commissioning.

f) Building Works / Building Services Subcontractors

The Building Works (BW) / the Building Services (BS)
subcontractors are responsible for performing work and/or supplying
equipment as stated in their respective subcontracts. Specific
commissioning responsibilities could include performing
performance tests and providing training and documentation.

g) Operation & Maintenance Professionals

Operation & Maintenance (O&M) professionals should provide
continual feedback to the owner / client via appropriate channels
including the Commissioning Manager, about the system
performance and hence the deficiency in design, installation, even
poor commissioning could be upgraded or fine-tuned in the
development. The specific commissioning responsibilities could
include O&M requirements in the design intent; training
requirements and attendance on performance testing.

h) Suppliers

Suppliers generally refer to the suppliers and manufacturers that
provide specified systems, equipment and components to owner /
client, main contractor and subcontractors. Their specific
commissioning responsibilities could include conducting factory and
site performance tests, if specified, and providing O&M
documentation for specific equipment.

18

Fig. 2 Parties Involvements in Building
Commissioning Process
Program:

Parties (a), (b), (c), (d)
& (g)
(g)
O&M Professionals
(d)
Project / Construction
Manager
(f)
Building Works /
Building Services Sub-
Contractors
(e)
Main Contractor
(c)
Design Team
(b)
Cx Manager

(a)
Owner, Client and
End-User
Parties
Design:

Parties (a), (b), (c), (d)
& (g)
Construction:

Parties (a), (b), (c),
(d), (e), (f), (g) & (h)
Acceptance:

Parties (a), (b), (c),
(d), (e), (f), (g) & (h)
New Project
Commissioning
Retro-commissioning
Planning:

Parties (a), (b) & (g).
(c)-if available
Investigation:

Parties (b) & (g).
(c)-if available
Implementation:

Parties (b) & (g).
(c) & (f)-if available
Acceptance:

Parties (a), (b) & (h).
(c) & (f) -if available
(h)
Suppliers
19
7. Bibliographies

[1] Wong, C. F. and Chow, K. H., Building Commissioning A
Perspective and Development in Hong Kong,
Proceedings of International Symposium on HAVC Commissioning,
Kyoto, Japan, 8 April 2003.

[2] Lau, K. F and Chan, Y. C., An Overview of Testing and
Commissioning of HVAC Systems in Hong Kong,
Proceedings of Joint Symposium 2002 ASHRAEHKC / CIBSE-
HKB / HKIE-BSE, 19 November 2002.

[3] American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning
Engineers (ASHRAE) HVAC Guideline 1 The HVAC Commissioning
Process, 1996.

[4] Oregon Office of Energy, Retro-commissioning Handbook for
Facility Manager, 2001.

[5] BSRIA, Guide 5/2002 Commissioning Management, 2002.

[6] The Chartered Institution of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE),
Commissioning Code M: Commissioning Management, 2003.

20
8. References

British Standards Institution (BSI), BS 8210:1986, Guide to building
maintenance management.

T Haasl and T Sharp, A Practical Guide for Commissioning Existing
Buildings, Portland Energy Conservations, Inc. and Oak Ridge
National Laboratory for the Office of Building Technology, State and
Community Programs, US Department of Energy, 1999.

J C Visier, Commissioning of HVAC Systems for Improved Energy
Performance: The Annex 40 Approach, Proceedings of
international Short Symposium on HVAC Commissioning, Kyoto
April 8, 2003.

David E Claridge, Mingsheng Liu and W D Turner, Commissioning
of Existing Buildings State of the Technology and Its
Implementation.

Peter Veld, Model Quality Control (MQC) and Commissioning for
HVAC Systems, 2003.

21
APPENDIX I

TOTAL
BUILDING
COMMISSIONING
BUILDING COMMISSIONING
MANAGEMENT
BUILDING COMMISSIONING
CODES / PROCEDURES
COMMISSIONING
MANAGEMENT
M1
COMMISSIONING
PLAN
M2
COMMISSIONING
SPECIFICATION
M3
PUBLICATIONS PUBLICATIONS
Fig. A1 Commissioning Model
HVAC SYSTEM C1
ELECTRICAL SERVICES C2
FIRE SERVICES C3
PLUMBING & DRAINAGE
SERVICES C4
BEMS C5
TELVS C6
LIFTS AND ESCALATORS C7
BUILDING ENVELOPE C8
OTHERS C9
22
APPENDIX II - Overview of International Practices

United States

In the United States (US), Building Commissioning (BCx) is well recognized by
owners / clients as an effective means of reducing costs and ensuring quality
as well as performance in building systems. A survey of 60 commercial
buildings presented at the 1994 National Conference on Building
Commissioning revealed the following facts:

1. More than 50% of the buildings suffered from control problems.
2. 40% have HVAC equipment problems.
3. 25% had energy management control systems, such as economizers,
and/or variable speed drives that did not run properly.

In 1989, the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning
Engineers (ASHRAE) first published a commissioning guideline on HVAC
named Guideline 1 - The HVAC Commissioning Process and subsequently
revised it in 1996 [3]. This definitive document added another dimension to
the scope of testing and commissioning (T&C).

The term commissioning was defined as the process of ensuring that systems
are designed, installed, functionally tested, and capable of being operated and
maintained to perform in conformity with the design intent and it begins with
planning and includes design, construction, start-up, acceptance and training,
and can be applied throughout the life of the building.

Subsequently, the term Re-commissioning (Re-Cx) and
Retro-commissioning (Retro-Cx) were introduced to abbreviate
commissioning of existing buildings and was defined as a systematic
process applied to existing building for identifying and implementing
operational and maintenance improvements and for ensuring their continued
performance over time.

In 2001, Oregon Office of Energy issued Retro-commissioning Handbook for
Facility Managers [4]. This is a very practical publication to deal with proper
retro-commissioning work.
23
Besides ASHRAE, the following professional bodies, educational institutions
and trade associations in US work hand-in-hand on the development of
industry de-facto manuals, guidelines and training courses for building
commissioning professionals and trade personnel.

1. National Environmental Balancing Bureau (NEBB) developed the
Procedural Standards on Building System Commissioning and the
Testing Adjusting and Balancing Manual, both of which help the trade
personnel to properly inspect, start-up and regulate HVAC systems.

2. Associated Air Balance Council (AABC) developed the Commissioning
Guidelines and the Total Air Balance Handbook 2002; the former outlines
the general requirements on air and water side commissioning while the
latter directs trade personnel to test, adjust and balance the HVAC
systems.

3. Association of Energy Engineers (AEE) used to offer CTAB (Certified
Testing Adjusting and Balancing) training program for trade professionals;
a new Certified Building Commissioning Professional (CBCP) program
was launched last year that covered a wider scope in BCx.

4. Building Commissioning Association (BCxA) provides training courses
for commissioning services providers and certification of trade
professional as Certified Commissioning Professional (CCP).

5. University of Wisconsin provides short courses and certification
programmes in BCx and HVAC systems.

NEBB and AABC have also developed the mechanism for registration as
Certified Commissioning Firms and System Commissioning Administrators,
Engineers and Technicians.

24
To conclude the US practice, their documentations are relatively applicable to
the programming and design planning stages and aim to provide a clear
contractual framework in quality assurance. They have developed the
following valuable concepts and definitions:

1. For New Projects, the commissioning provider is referred to as
Commissioning Authority who leads and organizes the commissioning
team (ASHRAE, 1996). The status of the Commissioning Authority is
the same as that for the Architect and the Design Consultant. The
Commissioning Authority is directly employed by the Owner / Client.

2. ASHRAE (1996) identifies the five phases, namely the Program, Design,
Construction, Acceptance and Post-acceptance Commissioning phases.
For existing buildings retro-commissioning, the three phases involved are
Program, Acceptance and Post-acceptance Commissioning.

3. For retro-commissioning of existing building, the Oregon Office of Energy
(2001) identifies that the commissioning service provider would be
involved in three stages of works namely, the Pre-implementation,
Implementation and Post-implementation. Within each stage, there are
various phases with respect to the actual practical tasks.

4. In US, systematic work in commissioning is known as Commissioning
Process.

25
United Kingdom

As early as four decades ago, the importance of commissioning HVAC
systems are long and well recognized in the United Kingdom. This is
evidenced by the first publication of the CIBSE (The Chartered Institution of
Building Services Engineers) Commissioning Code A Air Distribution
Systems in the late 1960s. Along with the other four codes, namely Code B
Boiler Plant, Code C Automatic Controls, Code R Refrigeration Systems
and Code W Water Distribution Systems, the CIBSE commissioning codes
are widely accepted in contracts as testing and commissioning documents.
The codes tend to be relatively procedural in nature and focus mainly on the
post-design commissioning procedures. The codes are subsequently
updated and the latest versions are published in 2002 to 2003 with the new
Code M (Management) and L (Lighting). By following these codes,
contractors can systematically test and balance the respective HVAC systems.

In additional to CIBSE, there are other associations in the United Kingdom that
have issued important and quality publications to promote building
commissioning. The major organizations are:

1. Building Services Research and Information Association (BSRIA)
2. Commissioning Specialists Association (CSA)

The BSRIA and CSA provide independent and authoritative research, product
testing, consultancy, management and market intelligence. In terms of
demarcation of tasks between CIBSE and BSRIA, the CIBSE Commissioning
Codes set out what should be done, whereas the manuals published by the
BSRIA and CSA inform on how it should be done.

26
In recent years, there is a growing emphasis in UK on the competency of the
T&C personnel involved, careful liaison between all parties concerned, and
effective programming of specific activities. The building services
commissioning function in the United Kingdom has evolved from a simple
switch it on and see if it works approach to a complex operation combining
elements of design review, integration of electrical, mechanical & controls
systems and trouble shooting, along with traditional air & water balancing
exercises. This organic development is matched by a parallel development in
engineering standards, training systems and information dissemination. The
CSA, CIBSE and BSRIA specifically aim at developing and improving the
commissioning functions to provide building users, consultant engineers, main
contractors and installation companies with structured training and varying
approaches to the ideas of business ethics and best commissioning practice.
This is Commissioning Management. It is the trend and an important key
that leads to successful Building Commissioning. In 2002, BSRIA published
an application Guide 5/2002 Commissioning Management [5]. A year later in
2003, CIBSE published a Commissioning Code M: Commissioning
Management [6].

To conclude the UK practice, their documentations are relatively strong and
detailed in the actual commissioning procedures of each building system.
They identify the following valuable concepts and definitions:

1. For New Projects, CIBSE Code M (2003) refers the commissioning
service provider as Commissioning Management Organization who
organizes and leads the commissioning team. The status of the
Commissioning Management Organization is part of the project team, the
same as that for the Design Team and the Main Contractor. Its level is
under the status of Project Manager or Main Contractor that depends on
the project nature.

2. For New Project, CIBSE Code M (2003) identifies five different stages,
namely Design, Programming, Quality Assurance, Pre-commissioning,
Commissioning and Witness Compliance stages.

27
3. For New Project, BSRIA (2002) states that there are seven stages,
namely, Design, Programming, Installation, Commissioning, Performance
Testing, Handover and Post-handover.

4. CIBSE Code M (2003) indicates very clearly that there should be a
procedure of Commissioning Certification.

5. In UK, systematic work in commissioning is referred to as
Commissioning Management.

28
Asia (Japan, South Korea & Mainland China)

In Japan, Professor N. Nakahara (Professor Emeritus of Nagoya University)
develops and formulates a building commissioning methodology. Several
research papers had been published in Annex 40 of the International Energy
Agency (IEA). With the support from Yamatake Controls, a pilot building
project in Tokyo had been tested and commissioned in 2001 and the result was
very encouraging. A dedicated organization Building Services
Commissioning Association established by Prof. Nakahara was inaugurated
in mid-2005. It is understood that commissioning guideline has been issued
by SHASE (The Society of Heating, Air-Conditioning and Sanitary Engineers),
Japan.

In South Korea, there are NEBB certified local firms working in the Cx field.

In the 1980s, the construction industry in the Mainland had undergone a period
of blooming during economic and political reforms. Building services
engineering was grouped under the umbrella of architectural and building
regime and hence not well recognized. The system performance
requirements listed in the old design code of practice and building
commissioning procedures had not been adequately formulated. In the early
1990s, with the introduction of western management techniques from many
overseas joint-venture construction projects, testing and commissioning
concepts had gradually diffused into the China building industries. Recently,
the Ministry of Construction, in collaboration with other Government bureaus
published several acceptance codes for building services equipment and
building systems. Joint ventures and enterprises affiliated with academic
institutions are also actively involved in commissioning and energy utilization
works. The recent issuance of the Green Guides on Olympic Projects (as
presented by Prof. Y. Jiang during the Sustainable Buildings Symposium 2004
in September 2004, Shanghai) specifies the issue of testing and
commissioning as part of the control tools in building quality.

ISBN 988-99004-0-8
HK$ 200

Building Commissioning Practice Guide for Hong Kong

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Building Commissioning Practice Guide for Hong Kong

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A Practice Guide to Building Commissioning Management (Guideline M1)

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