Water pollution occurs when harmful waste products, chemicals, and other substances are introduced into a body

of water. Most water pollution can be classified into four main types: Thermal Pollution is caused when factories and power plants release hot water, used to cool machines in their factories, intro surrounding water. This hot water causes a higher overall water temperature, which can lead to environmental imbalances. Industrial or Chemical Pollution is the discharge of toxic substances and other industrial by products into bodies of water Domestic Pollution is the flow of sewage, pesticides and other waste material from farms, roads, cities and towns into bodies of water Soil Pollution occurs when erosion causes soil to flow into a body of water One of the most devastating effects of water pollution on ecosystems is a reduction in the amount of dissolved oxygen (DO) in a body of water. Fish and other aquatic creatures extract DO from water as they breathe. As pollution cause the amount of DO to decrease, aquatic animals must move to cleaner waters or die from suffocation. However, while many species die from lack of oxygen, there are fish, invertebrates, and microorganisms that thrive in polluted conditions. 1: What are four types of water pollution? Define each. - The four types of water pollution are: 1. Nutrients Pollution - Some wastewater, fertilizers and sewage contain high levels of nutrients. If they end up in water bodies, they encourage algae and weed growth in the water 2. Surface water pollution - Surface water includes natural water found on the earth's surface, like rivers, lakes, lagoons and oceans. Hazardous substances coming into contact with this surface water, dissolving or mixing physically with the water can be called surface water pollution.

3. Oxygen Depleting - Water bodies have micro-organisms. These include aerobic and anaerobic organisms. 4. Ground water pollution - When humans apply pesticides and chemicals to soils, they are washed deep into the ground by rain water

2. Which fish species are the least tolerant of water pollution? Which species are the most tolerant? - Catfish is the fish species are the least tolerant of water pollution because they are tough fish known for their ability to survive conditions that no other fish can tolerate, such as low oxygen and high carbon dioxide, acidity, and pollutant levels. Trout is the fish species that is least tolerant of water pollution is because trout prefer clean, cold, and well-oxygenated waters.

3. Which invertebrates are the least tolerant of water pollution? Which species are the most tolerant? How do you arrive at your conclusion? - Invertebrates that are the most tolerant of water pollution is Caddis-fly larvae because they prefer clean, well-oxygenated water. The least tolerant is the Mayfly because the species is very sensitive to lack of oxygen and high levels of acidity.

4: What might a high level of bacteria indicate about DO levels? What is the relationship between bacteria and water pollution? - A high level of bacteria indicates a lot about DO (Dissolved Oxygen) levels. As bacteria break down the organic matter, they also use up the DO in the water. The more bacteria live in the water, the less oxygen can exist in there.

5: Based on the lab results, what conclusion can be drawn about each site? Which river was the most polluted? How did you arrive at your conclusion? - Based on the organisms that live in each water bacteria, invertebrates, and fish. in site 1, fish can only live in spring and winter. In site 2, fish can live in all

seasons. In site 3, fish can only live in spring, autumn and winter. Also the bacteria strongly affect to the DO level of the water; in the lab site 1 is the most polluted river, because it has the highest amount of bacteria. How I arrive at my conclusion is that it depends on temperature of seasons, and the living organisms in the water.