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ECE201 Lect-22
Important Concepts
The differential equation for the circuit Forced (particular) and natural (complementary) solutions Transient and steady-state responses 1st order circuits: the time constant () 2nd order circuits: natural frequency (0) and the damping ratio ()
ECE201 Lect-22 2
Building Intuition
Even though there are an infinite number of differential equations, they all share common characteristics that allow intuition to be developed: Particular and complementary solutions Effects of initial conditions Roots of the characteristic equation
ECE201 Lect-22 3
s 2 0 s 0
2 2 0
Step-by-Step Approach
1. Assume solution (only dc sources allowed):
i. ii. x(t) = K1 + K2 e-t/ x(t) = K1 + K2 es t + K3 es t
1 2
2. At t=0, draw circuit with C as open circuit and L as short circuit; find IL(0) and/or VC(0) 3. At t=0+, redraw circuit and replace C and/or L with appropriate source of value obtained in step #2, and find x(0)=K1+K2 (+K3) 4. At t=, repeat step #2 to find x()=K1
ECE201 Lect-22 5
Step-by-Step Approach
5.
i. ii.
6.
Finish up
i. ii.
Class Examples
Learning Extension E7.10 Learning Extension E7.11
ECE201 Lect-22