focus of the workshop, and this paper, is on three policy instruments (voluntary approaches, taxes and trading), their

application in various OECD memb er countries including their effectiveness and interaction in the policy mix, impacts on competitiveness, case studies from industry in reducing emissions, as well as partnerships between industry and other stakeholders to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The workshop also included a discussion on competitiveness issues emerging from GHG policy. The workshop facilitated a frank exchange with industry, environmental NGOs and government in an open and constructive setting and offered a range of suggestions for improving the performance of GHG policies in reducing greenhouse gas emissions in industry.