AUTOMATIZACIN

MANUAL GTZ

ndice
Captulo 1: Fuerzas - Paralelogramo de fuerzas
Captulo 2: Momentos de giro, palanca simple
Captulo 3: Velocidad - Velocidad circular
Captulo 4: Potencia mecnica Rendimiento
Captulo 5: Plano inclinado Cuna
Captulo 6: Poleas Aparejos
Captulo 7: Transmisiones por engranajes
Captulo 8: Transmisiones Mltiples
Captulo 9: Rueda dentada Cremallera Engranaje helicoidal
Captulo 10: Troneado cnico
Captulo 11: Presin sobre lquidos Amplificador de fuerzas
Captulo 12: Tensin y resistencia a la traccin
Captulo 13: Tensin por compresin Presin del vstago
Captulo 14: Tensin de corte Uniones remachadas
Captulo 15: Corte - Perforacin

ndice
Captulo 1: Fuerzas
Captulo 2: Trabajo
Captulo 3:
Captulo 4:

Captulo 5:

2000

250

3000

150

72

21

40000

181.81

80

1920

117.64

12

43.64

76.36

11.43

8.57

2083.33

2916.67

6315.78

7000

5000

4000

8000

7291.67

6708.33

25.6

14.4

CAPTULO 31.4
1)

v=s
t
s = v.t
s = 120 km . 1 h
h 4
s = 30 km

2.)

v=s
t
v = 12km (4)
3.h
v = 16km = 16000m = 4.4m
h
3600 s
s

3.)

vm = s
t
vm = 200mm
0.6(60min)
vm = 4.17mm = 0.25m
min
s
vm = 15m
min

4.)

v=s
t
t=s
v
t = 800mm.min
60mm
t = 13.3min

5.)

v=s
t
t=s
v
t = 20m.s
0.15m
t = 133s

6.)

v=S/t
t =s/v
t = 0.160 m x min
8m
t = 0.02 min = 1.2 s

7.)

v = s/ t
s = vxt
s = 16 m x 16 min
60 min
s = 4.267 m

8.)

v = s/ t
t = s/ v
t = 20 m x s
4m
t = 5s

CAPITULO 31.5
1.)

v =Dxxn
v = 0.6 m x 3.14 x 1061
v = 33.3 m/s = 33.3 Km x 3600
1000h
v = 120 Km / h

2.)

v= Dxxn
v = 0.12 m x 3.14 x 160
1 min
v = 60.3 m/min = 60.3 m
60 s
v = 1 m/s

3.)

v= Dxxn
D= v
xn
D = 25 m x 60 s
3.14 x 2000
D = 0.239 m = 239 mm

4.)

v = d. .n
n= v
d.
n=
25 m
g
min(0.016m)(3.14)
n = 498 1
min

5.)

v = d. .n
n = __v__
d.
n = ______40m______
(0.012m)(3.14)(min.)
n = 1062
min.

6.)

v = d. .n
v = (0.08m)(3.14)(90)
min.
v = 22.6m
min.

7.)

v = d. .n
n = __v__
d.
n = _____40 m______
(0.4m)(3.14)(min.)
n = 31.8
min.

8.)

v = d. .n
v = (0.15m)(3.14)(2400)
min.
v = 1130m
min.
v = 1130m
60min.
v = 18.8m
s

CAPTULO 32.3
1.)

1.kg. = 10 N
G = 600N + 400N
G = 1000N
P = F.s
t
P = (1000N)(5m)
15s
P = 333Nm
s
P = 333W

2.)

P = F.v
v = 20_m_
min.
v = 0.33_m_
s
P = (28000N)(0.333m)
s
P = 9324Nm
S
P = 9.324kW

3.)

m = 1 T = 1 000 kg
G = 10 000 N

P=Fxs
t
P = 10 000 N x 4 m

5s
P = 8 000 Nm = 8 000 W
s
P = 8 kW

4.)

v=dxxn
v = 0.1 m x 3.14 x 420 x 1
60 s
v = 2.2 m/s

P=Fxv
P = 1 455 N x 2.2 m/s
P = 3 201 W = 3.201 KW

5.)

P=Fxs
t

P = 200 N x 6 m
12 s
P = 100 Nm
s
P = 100 W

6.)

P=Fxs
t

P = 20 000 N x 20 m
40 s
P = 10 000 Nm = 10 000 W
s
P = 10 kW

7.)

v = 24 m/min = 0.4 m/s

P=Fxv
F=P

v
F = 3 000 Ws
0.4 m
F = 7 500 N

(1W = 1 N m)
s

8.)

700 m3 = 700 000 dm3

n

P=Fxs
t

P = 7 000 000 N x 200 m

3 600 s
P = 388 888 Nm = 388 888 W
s
P = 389 kW

P = 7 000 000 N
t = 3 600 s

33.1
a)

Solucin

F ?

20 m

F s Gh
2500N 20m
F
100m
F 500N
G 2500N

b)

Solucin

F s Gh
120 m

F ?

10000N 120m
F
2000m
F 600N

G 10000N

c)

F ?

10 m

Solucin

F s Gh
8000N 10m
F
50m
F 1600N

G 8000N

33.2
a)

Solucin

F GSen
F 2000N Sen7
F 244N

b)

Solucin

F GSen
F 2000N Sen20
F 684N

c)

Solucin

F GSen
F 9000N Sen35
F 5162N

33.3
a)

Solucin

F1 s F2 h
100N 7cm
F1
10cm

F1 70 N

b)

Solucin

F1 s F2 h
20 N 10cm
F2
2cm

F2 100 N

c)

Solucin

F1 s F2 h
50 N 100
F2
1

F2 5000 N

33.4
1)

Solucin

F1 s F2 h

450N 1.3m
F
3.2m

F 183N

2)

Solucin

F1 s F2 h

450 N 3.2m
F
4.8m

F 300N

3)

Solucin

F1 s F2 h

8500N 72m
F
120m

F 5100N

4)

Solucin

F1 s F2 h

800N 4m
F
12m

F 267N

5)

Solucin

F GSen

F 80KN Sen30
F 40KN

6)

Solucin

F GSen

F 9500N Sen19
F 3093N

7)

Solucin

F GSen

F 50KN Sen58
F 42KN

8)

Solucin

F GSen

F 5KN Sen32
F 2.649KN

33.5
1)

2)

4)

5)

6)

7)

34.1

a)

34.2
1)

2)

3)

4)

5)

6)

7)

F1.320mm G.400mm
G.400mm
F1
320mm
F1

400N .400
320
F1 500 N
F2

F1
2
F2

500N
2
F 2 250N

Solucin
8)

G
n
G F .n
G 120N .6
G 720N
m 72 Kg

10 N 1Kg
m 72Kg
S1 6.S 2
S1 6.4m
S1 24m

W G.S 2
W 720N .4m
W 2880Nm
W 2880J

35.1

SOLUCION
a)
d=m*z
d= 1.75*16

d= 28mm
h=13/6m
h=13/6*1.75
h=3.79mm

b)
d=m*z
d= 1.75*12

d= 21mm
h=13/6m
h=13/6*1.75
h=3.79mm

c)
=360/72 =5
z= 3*5=15
d=m*z
d= 15*4
d=60 mm

35.2

SOLUCION
a)
a = (d1/2) + (d2/2)
a = (72/2) + (112/2)
a = 92 mm

b)
a = (m.z1)/2 + (m.z2)/2
a = (5*19)/2 + (5*30)/2
a = 122.5

c)
a = (d1/2) + d2 + (d3/2)
d2 = m . z2 = 2.5*36 = 90

a = (46/2) + 90 + (20/2) = 123

35.3

n1
I
n2
160
I
120

I 1.33

n1
I
n2
n2

n2

n1

1400
1.8

n2 778 * (1 / min)

I1

Z2

Z1

n1
I
n2
n2

800
2

I1

34
17

I1 2

n2

n1
I

n2 400 * (1 / min)

35.4

SOLUCION
1)
d=m*z
d= 4*28
d= 112mm
h=13/6m
h=13/6*4
h=8.67mm

ha= m = 4 mm

2)
z= 24
d =m*z
d= 5*24

d= 120 mm
da= d + 2m
da=120+2*5
da=130 mm
df=120-(14/6)*5
df=108.33mm

3)

z= 16
ha=m
ha=1.75mm
hf=7/6 m
hf=(7*1.75)/6 mm
hf=2.04mm

4)
da= d+2m
da= z*m + 2m
da= m(z+2)
m= da/(z+2)
m=85/(32+2)
m=2.5mm

d= z*m
d=2.5*32 mm
d=80mm
df=d-(14/6)*m
df=80-(14/6)*2.5
df=74.17mm

5)

d1=m*z1
z1=d1/m
z1=75mm/3mm
z1=25
d2=m*z2
z2=d2/m
z2=159mm/3mm
z2=53

a=(d1/2)+(d2/2)
a=(75mm/2) +(159mm/2)
a=117mm

6)
d1=m*z1
d1=2.5*31
d1=77.5mm

d2=m*z2
d2=2.5*59
d2=147.5mm
a=(d1/2)+(d2/2)
a=(77.5mm/2) +(147.5mm/2)

a=112.5mm

7)
d1=m*z1
d1=4*31
d1=124 mm
d2=m*z2
z2=d2/m
z2=192mm/4mm
z2=48
a=(d1/2)+(d2/2)
2a= d1+d2
d2= 2a-d1
d2= 2*156mm-124mm
d2=192mm

8)
d1=m*z1
d1=2.5*31
d1=77.5 mm
d2=m*z2
d2=2.5mm*92
d2=230mm

a=(d2/2)-(d1/2)
a= (230mm/2)-(77.5mm/2)
a=75.25mm

35.5

SOLUCION

1)
a = m . z1
m . z2
2
2
a = 5mm . 5 + 5mm . 15
2
2
a = 50 mm

2)
a = m. z1 + m . z2
2
2
a = 8mm . 16 + 8mm . 12
2
2
a = 112 mm

n 1 = z2
n2
z1
n2 = n1 . z1
z2
n2 = 700 . 16
min . 12

n2 = 933 (1/min)

3)
1 = M2
M1
M2 = 1. M1
M2 = 2. 10 Nm
M2 = 20 Nm

4)
a = d1 + d2
2
2
a = m . z1 + m . z2
2
2
a = 4 mm . 17 + 4 mm . 49
2
2
a = 132

i = z2
z1
i = 49
17
i = 2.88

SOLUCION
5)

6)

7)

8)

36.1

SOLUCION
A)
i=(z2*z4/z1*z3)
i= 24*28/12*12
i= 3
B)
i=(z2*z4/z1*z3)
i= 45*45/15*15
i= 9

I =n1/n4
9=720/n4
n4= 720/9
n4=80
C)
i=(z2*z4/z1*z3)
Z1=(z2*z4/i*z3)
Z1= 36*36/9*12
Z1= 12

36.2

I1

Z2
Z1

24
I1
15

I 1 1.5

I2

24
I2
12

I2 2

I I1 I 2
I 1.5 2
I 3

Z4
Z3

n1 Z 2 Z 4

n4 Z1 Z 3
n4

n4

n1 Z 1 Z 3
Z2 Z4

1400 51 41
min 17 25

n1
n4

1400 min
6886 min

I 0 .2

1
n4 6886
min

z2 z4
I
z1 z 3
I

40 45
25 21

I 3.43
n1
I
n4

n1
n4
I
n4

1400
min 3.43

n4 408

1
min

z2 z4
I
z1 z 3
40 45
I
15 25

I 6
n1
I
n4
n1 n4 I
1
n4 124
6
min
1
n4 744
min

d 2 z3
I
d1 z1
240 min 42
I
120 min 17

I 4.94
n1
I
n

1400
6
min 4.94

1
n 283
min

n1
I

z2
I
z1

34
I
17
n1
I
n

I 2
n1
n
I

900
n
min 2

1
n 450
min

z2 z4
z1 z 3

35 41
I
17 19

I 4.44

n
I 1
n

n1
n
I

1400
n
6
min 4.44

n 315

1
min

z2 z4 z6
I
z1 z 3 z 5
z2

z1 z 3 z 5 I
z4 z6

z2

48 30 50
20 25 6

z 2 24
1400 min
I
8400 min

I 1: 6

36.3

SOLUCION
9)
N/n min= 21*28/7*7
N min = n/12
N min= 3000/12
N min=250
N/n max= 21*15/7*15
N max = n/3
N max= 3000/3
N max= 1000

10)
1400/n = 120*25/80*15
N = 1400* 80*15 /120*25
N = 560
11)
1000/n min = 35*15/15*15
N min= 1000*15/35
N min= 429

1000/n max = 35*30/15*30

N max= 1000*30/35
N max= 857
12)
700/n = 34*39/17*13
N = 700/6
N= 117
I=700/117

I=6

SOLUCION
13)
1400/n min = 31*50/19*13
N min= 1400*19*13 /31*50
N min= 223
1400 =n max
N max = 1400
14)
N min = 1400*60*15/18*30
N = 223

15)
N/350 = 34*30/17*15
N=350*34*30/17*15
N=1400

16)
1400/n min= 120*31/80*15
N min= 1400*80*15/120*31
N min=452

1400/n max= 80*31/120*15

N max= 1400*120*15/80*31
N max= 1016

Ejercicio 37.1

37.1
1.
z = 12
m = 4 mm

s=m*z*
s = 4 mm * 12 * 3,14
s = 150,72 mm

37.1
2.
z = 15
m = 5 mm

=?

s=m*z*
s = 5 mm * 15 * 3,14
s = 235,5 mm

360

75,23mm
235,5mm

115

37.1
a.
z = 12

m = 6 mm

s=m*z*
s = 6 mm * 12 * 3,14

S = 226,08 mm

37.1
s = 2 *40 *

b.

s = 251.2

S=?

=?

360 s

41,87mm

360 251,22mm

= 60

37.1
c.
z = 21

m = 4 mm

s=m*z*
s = 4 mm * 21 * 3,14

s = 263,76 mm

Ejercicio 37.2

37.2
1.

Z2 = 40

i=?

z1
40
i
1

Z1 =1

i = 40

37.2
2.

i?
n2 ?
z 2 40

1400
n1
m in
z1 2

z1

40
2
i 20
i

n
n

1400
n
2
m in 20
n 2 70

1
m in

37.2
a.

i=?

Z2 = 40

Z1 = 2

z1

i 20

37.2
b.

i=?

1
2
min
1
n 1 1400
min
n 70

n2

1400
i
70

i 20

37.2

n ?

c.

z 40
2

z1 1

i=?
n2

n 2 20

1
m in

1
n 1 1400
m in
z2
i
z1
i 40
n
2

n1
i

1
n 2 35
m in

CAPTULO 37
EJERCICIO 37.1

Datos

Solucin

m 3mm
Z 10

s mxZxx

s?

s 3mm.x.10 x3.14 x

108
360

s 25.25mm.

108
360

EJERCICIO 37.2

Datos

Solucin

m 3mm

s mxZx

s 141.3mm.

1
Z ?
d ?

s
mx
141.3mm
Z
3mm.x3.14
s 15mm.
d mxZ
d 3mm.x15
d 45mm.

EJERCICIO 37.3

Datos

Solucin

m 4mm
1
n 90
min
Z 10

d m.x.Z
d 4mm.x10
d 40mm.

v?

v dxxn
v 0.04mx3.14 x90
v 11.3

1
min

1
min

EJERCICIO 37.4

Datos

Solucin

m 4mm
Z 30

d m.x.Z

v 6.28
n?

m
min

d 4mm.x30
d 120mm.
v dxxn
6.28 m

min
0.120mx3.14
1
n 16.7
min
n

EJERCICIO 37.5

Solucin

Datos
Z1 1
n1 1200

1
min

Z2 ?
n2 40
i?

1
min

1200 1

min 30
40 1
min
i 30
Z
i 2
Z1
i

Z 2 Z1 xi 1x30
Z 2 30

EJERCICIO 37.6

Datos

Solucin

Z1 2
n1 1400
Z 2 50
n2 ?
i?

1
min

Z2
50

Z1
2

i 25
Z 2 30
i

n1
n2

n2 n1 / i
1400 1

min
25
1
n2 56
min
n2

EJERCICIO 37.7

Datos

Solucin

Z1 ?
1
n1 1400
min
Z 2 20
n2 70

1
min

i
i

n1
n2
1400 1
70 1

i 20

min

min

EJERCICIO 37.8

Datos

Solucin

Z1 3
n1 1500
Z 2 30
n2 ?

1
min

n1 Z 2

n2 Z1
n2
n2

n1 xZ1
Z2
3 x1500 1

n2 150 1

30
min

min

EJERCICIO 37.9

Datos

Solucin

Z1 1

d m.x.Z

Z 2 40

d 5mm.x.40
d 200mm.

m 5mm.
10
?
l ?

360 x
90

10
40

EJERCICIO 37.10

Datos

Solucin

Z1 1

n1 Z 2 xZ 4

n4 Z1 xZ 2

Z 2 40
Z 3 20

n4

Z 4 60
n1 1400
n4 ?

1
min

n1 xZ1 xZ 3
Z 2 xZ 4
1400 1

x1x 20
min
n4
40 x60
n4 11.67 1
min

EJERCICIO 37.11

Datos
m 4mm
Z 6

Solucin
s mxZx
s 4mm.x.6 x3.14
s 75.36mm.
1000mm
75.36mm
13.26

EJERCICIO 37.12

Datos
m 4mm
Z 24
s?

Solucin
s mxZxx

90
360

s 4mm.x.24 x3.14 x
s 75.36mm.

1
4

EJERCICIO 37.13

Solucin

Datos

Z1 1
n1 1400
Z 2 40
v?

1
min

n1 Z 2

n2 Z1
n2
n2

n1 xZ1
Z2
1400 1

min
40

x1

n2 35 1

min
v d .x. .x.n
v 0.2m.x3.14 x35
v 0.37

m
s

1
min
x1
min 60s

EJERCICIO 37.14

Datos

Solucin

Z1 15
Z 2 45
Z 3 12
m 5mm.
s?

s m.x.Z .x. .x.

1
i

s 5mm.12 x3.14 x
s 62.8mm.

15
45

EJERCICIO 37.15

Datos

Solucin

Z1 15

n1 Z 2 xZ 4

n4 Z1 xZ 3

Z 2 30
Z3 1

n4

Z 4 40
n1 1400
n4 ?

1
min

n1 xZ1 xZ 3
Z 2 xZ 4
1400 1

x15 x1
min
n4
30 x 40
n4 17.5 1
min

EJERCICIO 37.16

Datos

Solucin

Z1 4
n1 240
Z 2 40
n2 ?

1
min

n1 Z 2

n2 Z1
n1 xZ1
n2
Z2
n2

240 1

n2 24 1

min
40

min

x4

38.1

D
C
L
20mm
C
200mm
C 0.1

D
tan
2
2L

20mm
tan
2
2( 200mm)
tan

0.05

2.86

2
Dd
C
L
104mm 54mm
C
200mm
C 0.25

C
tan
2 2
0.25
tan
0.125
2
2
tan

7.13

D
C
L
50mm
C
100mm
C 0.50
D
tan
2 2L

50mm
tan
2 2(100mm)
tan

0.25

14.03

a)

D
C
L
D
0.10
120mm
D 12mm
D
tan
2 2L

12mm
tan
2 2(120mm)
tan

0.05

2.86

b)

c)
Dd
C
L
200mm 196mm
C
200mm
C 0.02

38.2

D
C
L
90mm
C
200mm
C 0.45
D
tan
2 2L

90mm
tan
2 2(200mm)
tan

0.225

12.68

Dd
C
L
104mm 100mm
C
200mm
C 0.02

C
tan
2 2
0.02
tan
0.01
2
2
tan

0.5729

D
C
L
40mm
C
100mm
C 0.40

D
tan
2 2L

40mm
tan
2 2(100mm)
tan

0.20

11.31

a)

b)

Dd
C
L
200mm 196mm
C
200
C 0.02

C
tan
2 2
0.02
tan
0.01
2
2
tan

0.5729

1
C
20
C 0.05

0.05
tan
2
2
tan

0.025

1.4321

c)

38.3

D
tan
2 2L

40mm
tan
2 2(60mm)

14

2
1: 2

38.3

2
D
C
L
D
L
C
36mm
L
0.2
L 180mm

5.7

38.3

3
Dd
C
L
D C .L d
40mm
D
4mm
50
D 4.8mm

0.57

38.3

C
tan
2 2
tan

1
20(2)

1.432

Dd
C
L
Dd
L
C
(48mm 40mm).20
L
1
L 160mm

38.3

5
C
x .L
2
1
x
.200mm
2( 20)
x 5mm
C 1 : 20

38.3

Dd
tan
2
2L
48mm 30mm
tan
2
2(90mm)

5.7

Dd
C
x
48mm 30mm
C
90mm
C 1: 5

38.3

1 2.x
C

10
4
2
x
10
x 0.2mm

38.3

Dd
L
Dd
L
C
(40mm 32mm).20
L
1
L 160mm

Dd
C
x
Dd
x
C
(32mm 30mm).20
x
1
x 40mm

39.1

Solucin:

P=F/A
F = P* A
F = (30 daN/cm2)*(12.56 cm2)

F = 377 daN

a)

Solucin:

P = 1000 daN
50 cm2

= 20 bar

b)

Solucin:
P = 1000 daN
100 cm2

= 10 bar

c)

Solucin:

P = 20 bar** (2cm / 2)^2

P = 62.8 daN

39.2

F *A
1
2

F *A
2
1

2
A
1

Solucin:
F1 = F2

A1

A2

F1 = 8000N * 3.14 cm2

28.26 cm2

F1 = P2 * A1
A2

F1 = 250 N

Solucin:
F1 = F2

A1

F1 = 1 000N * 4 cm2

A2

F1 = P2 * A1
A2

16 cm2

F1 = 250 N

Solucin:
F1 = F2

A1

A2 = 200 N * 4 cm2

A2

F1 = P2 * A1
A2

50 N

A2 = 16 cm2

Solucin:
F1 = 50 N * 400 cm2
100cm2

F1 = 200 N

39.3

Solucin:

F=P*A

F1 = 8 daN * 12.6 cm2

cm2

F1 = 1008 N

Solucin:
P = 500 daN * 100 mm2
628 mm2 * 1cm2

P = 79.62 bar

Solucin:

F=P*A
F = 12 bar * * (2cm)^2

F = 150.78 daN

Solucin:
F1 = F2

A1

A2

F2 = 120 N * (36 cm)^2 *

(12 cm)^2 *

F1 = P2 * A1
A2

F2 = 1080 N

Solucin:

A = 200 daN *cm2

63.7 bar
A = 3.14 cm2
A = r^2

r=1cm

d = 20 mm

Solucin:
F1 = 120 daN * 28.26 cm2
cm2

F1 = 33.9 KN

Solucin:

P = F/ A
25 bar = F/A
25 daN/cm2 = F/ (*2.83cm)^2
F = 157.25 daN

Solucin:

(r1)^2 = 80N * (20 mm)^2 *

320 N *
2r1 = 20 mm
r1 =10mm

P=

320 N
(2 cm)^2 *

d1 = 20 mm

P = 25.47 bar

PROBLEMA 39.4 9

P= F
A
F = P.A
F =4,5 daN.254 cm2
cm2
F = 1143 daN
m = 1143 Kg

PROBLEMA 39.4 10
A = (D2 - d2 ). 3,14
4
A = (62 cm2 22 cm2 ). 3,14
4
A = 25,13 cm2
P= F
A
F=
F
(D2 - d2 ). 0,785
F = P. (D2 - d2 ). 0,785
F = 25 daN. (62 - 22 ). 0,785 cm2
cm2
F = 628 daN

PROBLEMA 39.4 11
F2 = F1
A2 A1
F 2 = F 1 . A2
A1
F2 =25N. 3,62 . 0,785cm2
1,22 . 0,785cm2
F2 = 225 N

PROBLEMA 39.4 12
P= F
A
F = P.A
F =4,5 daN. 62 . 0,785 cm2
cm2
F = 1272 daN
F = 12,72 KN

PROBLEMA 39.4 13

P= F
A
P = 100 daN
22 . 0,785 cm2
P = 31,8 daN
cm2
F = 31,8 bar

PROBLEMA 39.4 14
F2 = F1
A2 A1
F2 = F1 . A2
A1
F2 = 70N. 12,56cm2
3,14cm2
F2 = 280 N

PROBLEMA 39.4 15

P= F
A
F = P.A
F =24 daN. (2,832 - 22 )0,785 cm2
cm2
F = 7,55 daN
F = 75,5 N

PROBLEMA 39.4 16

P= F
A
F = P.A
F =50 daN. 10,2 cm2
cm2
F = 816 daN
m = 816 kg

PROBLEMAS
40.1

PROBLEMAS

40.2

PROBLEMAS

40.3

12 mm * 3.14
A
4
2

A 113mm

A
2

N
44
mm

5000N
113mm

500 N
10 mm

50
2

N
mm

F
A

F A *

8 mm * 3.14
N
F
* 50
4
mm
2

F 2512N

d *
A
4

16 mm * 3.14 F * A
4
N
F 100
* 200.96mm
mm
2

F

A

A 20mm *10mm

A 200mm

F 20,096kN

8000N
200mm 2

N
40
mm

F
A

PROBLEMAS

40.3

1 mm * 3.14
A
4
2

A 78.5mm

A
m

50000N
R
78.5mm
m

d *
A
4

*2

8 mm * 3.14
A
*2
4
A 100.48mm
2

N
R 637
mm
m

410 N
8 mm

N
52.5
mm

G
A

G *A

G 52.5

G 5275N

N
*100.48mm
mm
2

A (20 8)mm * 4mm

A 48mm
F

N
100
mm

F 4800N

F
A

F *A

* 48mm

A 2.8mm*1.5mm
A 24mm

2400N
24mm

100

N
mm

F
A

PROBLEMAS

40.4

9. =F/A
= 800 N
( 45 15 ) mm * 15 mm
= 17.8 N/ mm2

10.A = 100 mm2 * 3.14 * 0.25

A = 78.5 mm2
Rm = Fm / A
Fm = Rm * A
Fm = 370 N/ mm2 * 78.5 mm2
Fm = 29045 N

11.=F/A
F=*A
F = 85 N/ mm2 * ( 120 - 13 )mm *
15mm
F = 136.4 KN

12.m = 600 Kg
G = 6000 N
1 = G / A
1 = 6000 N * 4
144 mm2 * 3.14
1 = 53 N / mm2
2 F22 = G2
F2 = ( G2 / 2 )1/2
F2 = G / 21/2
F2 = 4243 N
2 = F2 / A
2 = 4243 N * 4
144 mm2 * 3.14
2 = 37.5 N / mm2

PROBLEMAS

40.4

13.800 Kg = 8000 N
=G/A
= 8000 N * 4
225 mm2 * 3.14
= 45 N / mm2
14.=F/A
F=*A
A = 5mm (40mm 10mm)
A = 150 mm2
F = 100 N / mm2 * 150 mm2
F = 15000 N

15.4t = 40000 N
G = 40000 N
F=u*G
F = 0.3 * 40000 N
F = 12000 N
=F/A
= 12000 N * 4
256 mm2 * 3.14
= 60 N/ mm2

16.-

=F/A
= 800 N * 4
2 * 64 mm2 * 3.14
= 8 N/ mm2

PROBLEMAS

41.1

PROBLEMAS

41.2

PROBLEMAS

41.3

PROBLEMAS

41.3

PROBLEMAS

41.4

PROBLEMAS

41.4

42.1

42.1

A
12000N

2
133mm
N
90.23
2
mm

42.1

N
157,5
mm 2
10000N

A
A 63,5mm 2

42.1
.(11) 2
2

A 130mm
16000N

2
130mm
N
84
2
mm

42.2

42.2
.(15) 2
2

A 353mm
30000N

2
353mm
N
85
2
mm

42.2

.(11) 2
2

A 130mm
20000N

2
130mm
N
105
2
mm

42.2

.(13) 2

A 4.
2
2
A 1061,8mm
20000N

2
1061,8mm
N
18,8
2
mm

42.3
.(10 ) 2
4

A 78,5mm
12000N

2
78,5mm
N
153
2
mm

42.3

.(12 ) 2
4

A 113mm
F

A
F . A

N
2
F 80
.
113
mm
2
mm
F 9040N
F 9,04 KN

42.3

2.

.(10 ) 2
4

A 157mm
F

A
F . A

N
2
F 50
.157mm
2
mm
F 7850N
F 7,85KN

42.3

d 4mm 1

10mm
50
10
d
mm 4mm
50
d 4,2mm
F

A
N .4
16000
4.2 2.
N
116
mm 2

42.3

M F .r
M
F
r
50 Nm
F
0,02m
F 2500N
F

A
2500N .4
2
5 mm2 .
N
127
mm2

42.3

d .
A 2.
4
2

4mm .
A 2.
4
A 25,12mm 2
2

F .8mm F1.500mm
F1.500mm
F
8mm
50 N .500
F
8
F 3125

A
3125N

25,12mm 2
N
124
mm 2

42.3

A
F
A

22600N .mm 2
A
100 N
A 226mm 2

d 2 .
A 2.
4
4. A
2
d
2.
4. A
d
2.
d

4.226mm 2

d 12mm

2.

A
F
A

22600N .mm 2
A
100 N
A 226mm 2

d 2 .
A 2.
4
4. A
2
d
2.
4. A
d
2.
d

4.226mm 2

d 12mm

2.

42.3

F 2.20mm F1.100mm
F1.100mm
F2
20mm
F 2 5.F1
F 2 5.500N
F 2 2500N
F .d

2.d 2 .
2500 N .4

2,8 2 mm 2 .
N
25
mm 2

42.4

A
8000N .4
2
19 mm2 .
N
1326
mm2
F
P
A
8000N
P
19mm.15mm
N
P 28
mm 2

42.4
F

A
F . A
N
1
2
2
F 100
.13 mm ..
2
4
mm
F 13267N

F
P
A
13267N
P
6mm.13mm
N
P 128
mm2

42.4
P-3
= P/A
= 15000N x 4
2x172mm2()
= 33N/mm2

P = F/A
P = . 15000N

17mmx12mm
P = 74 N/mm2

P-4
= P/A
40 N/mm2= 18000N
A
A = 450mm2
A = 2(d2)()
4
d=

2(450mm2)

d = 17 mm

P-5

= P/A

= 54000N x 4
2x3x132mm2()
= 80N/mm2

P-6

= P/A
=

Fx4
2d2()

F = 80N(132mm2)()
mm2(2)
F = 21226N = 21,226KN

P-7

= P/A
=

Fx4
2(4)d2()

60000N(4)
2(4)132mm2()

F = 56,5N /mm2

P-8

= P/A
F=

d2()

F = 100N/mm2(152mm2)()
F = 70650N = 70,65KN

P = F/A
P=

70650N
4(15mm)(6mm)

P = 196 N/mm2

43.1

= Fm /A
Fm =
Fm =

(A)
100N/mm2(4mm2)

= Fm /A
Fm =
Fm =

(A)
200N/mm2(30x5mm2)

= Fm /A
Fm =

(A)

Fm = 160N/mm2(20xx2)mm2
Fm = 20,1KN

Fm = 400N

Fm = 30KN

43.2
P-1
= Fm/A

Fm=

(A)

Fm = 320N/mm2(20mm)()(3mm)
Fm = 60288N = 60,288KN

P-2

= Fm /A
A = 45000N.mm2
240N

A = 187,5 mm2

A = 30mm()(X)
X = 187,5mm2
30mm()

X = 2mm

P-3

= Fm /A
Fm =

(A)

Fm = 200N/mm2(502mm2)()1/4
Fm = 392500N = 392,5KN

P-4

= Fm /A
Fm =

(A)

Fm = 160N/mm2(21mm)()(2,5mm)
Fm = 26376N = 392,5KN

P-5

= Fm /A
Fm =

(A)

Fm = 180N/mm2(2x100+ 2x80)mm(4mm)
Fm = 259200N= 259,2KN

P-6

A = (2x50+ 2x30)mm(4mm)
A = 640mm2
= Fm /A
Fm =

(A)

Fm = 200N/mm2(640mm2)

Fm = 128000N = 128KN

P-7
X2= 242+402
X=

242+402

X = 46,6mm
A = (24+40+46,6)mm(3mm)
A = 332mm2
= Fm /A
Fm =

(A)

Fm = 160N/mm2(332mm2)
Fm = 53088N = 53KN

P-8

A1= 10,5mm()(2mm)
A1= 66mm2
A2= 21mm()(2mm)
A2= 132 mm2
= Fm 1/A
Fm 1=

(A)

Fm 1= 180N/mm2(66mm2)
Fm1 = 11,9KN
= Fm2 /A
Fm2 =
(A)
Fm2 = 180N/mm2(132mm2)
Fm 2=23,8KN

Ejercicio Pg. 27.1

a.

F1(2.8) F2(3.5)
500(3.5)
F1
625 N
2.8

b.

1000 (2) F 2(3)

F 2 666 .66 N

c.

F1(50 ) 100 (250 )

F1 500 N

Ejercicio N 1- 2 Pg. 27.2

1.

F1* d 1 F2 * d 2
F1* 220 400 * 50
F1

400 * 50
90.9090 N
220

2.

F1* d 1 G * d 2
F1*1200 750 * 420
750 * 420
F1
262.5
1200

Ejercicio N 3 - 4 Pg. 27.2

3.

F2 * d 2 F1* d 1
F2 * 400 5 * 500
5 * 500
F1
6.25 KN
400

4.

1 Kg 10 N G 4000 N
F1* 300 G * 80
4000* 80
F1
1066.6667 N
300

Ejercicio N 5- 6 Pg. 27.2

5.

F1* d 1 F2 * d 2
F1* 200 8 * 300
F1

8 * 300
12 KN
200

6.

F1* d 1 F2 * d 2
F1* 240 12 *180
12 *180
F1
9 KN
240

Ejercicio N 7 - 8 Pg. 27.2

7.

F2 * d 2 F1* d 1
F2 *120 25 * 400
25 * 400
F1
83.33 daN
120

8.

cos 45 d 2 / 280
d 2 280* cos 45
d 2 197.98
F2 * d 2 F1* d 1
F2 *197.98 2 * 300
2 * 300
F2
3.03 KN
197.98

Ejercicio N 1 - 2 Pg. 28.2

1.

F *G
F 0.3 * 2000
F 600 N

2.

m m1 m 2
m 200 200
m 400 Kg
G 4000 N F * G
F 0.08 * 4000
F 320 N

Ejercicio N 3 - 4 Pg. 28.2

3.

m m1 m 2 m3
m 50 100 70
m 220 Kg
G 2200 N F * G
100 / 2200
0.04545

4.

F *G
F 0.08 *1.8
F 0.144 KN

Ejercicio N 5 - 6 Pg. 28.2

5.

G * 2 * Fn
G
2
200
Fn
2 * 0 .4
Fn

6.

F * Fn
F 0.25 *15
F 3.75 KN

Ejercicio N 7 Pg. 28.2

a.

Fn (8000) 80(1600)
Fn 160N

b.

F * Fn
F 0.25 *160N
F 40 KN

c.

M F *
M 40N * 0.075
M 3Nm

Ejercicio N 8 Pg. 28.2

F * Fn
F 0.04 * 5KN
F 0.2KN
M F *
M 200N * 0.03
M 6 Nm

29.2 - 1
W=G.s
W=9000N.2m
W=18000Nm
W=18000J

29.2 - 2
W=G.s
W=45N.3m
W=135Nm
W=135J

29.2 - 3
W=G.s
W=3000N.3m
W=9000Nm
W=9000J

29.2 - 4
W=G.s
W=2000N.2m
W=4000Nm
W=4000J

29.2 - 5
W=G.s
G=h/s
G=200000Nm/6m
G=25000N
10N=1kg
M=2500kg=2,5T

29.2 - 6
m=m1+m2
m=25kg+70kg
m=95kg
W=G.s
W=950N.2000m
W=1900000Nm=
1900000J=1900kJ

29.2 - 7

m=V.f
V=2dm.4dm.10dm
V=80dm3
m=80x7,8
m=624kg

W=G.s
W=6240N.6m
W=37440Nm
W=37440J=37,44kJ

29.2 - 8

m=V.f
V=1x3,14 x 40dm
4
V=31,4dm3
m=31,44x7,8
m=245kg=0,245T

W=G.s
s=W/G
s=4900Nm/2450N
s=2m

29.3 - 9
W=G.s
s=W/G
s=5000000Nm
500000N
s=10m

29.3 - 10

W=G.s
W=1000000KN.20m
W=20 Mio KJ

29.3 - 11

W=F.s
W=2KN.1,2m
W=2.4 KJ

29.3 - 12
F.400mm=G.r
F= GR
400mm
F=120N.200mm
400mm
F=60
W=G.s
W=120N.6m
W=720Nm=720J

29.3 - 13
W=G.s
W=80N.12m
W=960Nm
W=960J

29.3 - 14
W=F.s
F= .G
F=0.3.1000N
F=300N
W=300N.8m
W=24000Nm=2400=2,
4kJ

29.3 - 15

W=G.s
W=1000N.1.8m
W=18000Nm
W=18000J=18J

29.3 - 16

W=F.s
W=1500N.10000
m
W=15000 KJ

30.1 - a
F .2. .r Fax .P
Fax .P
F
2. .r
500N .5mm
F
2. .250mm
F 16 N

30.1 - b
F .2. .r Fax .P
Fax .P
F
2. .r
3140N .4mm
F
2. .100mm
F 20 N

30.1 - c
Fax .P F .2. .r
F .2. .r
Fax
P
120 N .2 .250mm
Fax
4mm
Fax 47100N

30.1 - 1
Fax .P F .2. .r
F .2. .r
P
160 N .2 .200mm
Fax
5mm
Fax 40192N
Fax

30.1 - 2
F .2. .r Fax .P
Fax .P
F
2. .r
4000N .1,5mm
F
2. .240mm
F 4N

30.2 - 3
Fax*P=F*2Pi*r
P=F*2Pi*r
Fax
P=100N.2Pi.300mm
37680N
P=5mm

30.2 - 4
Fax*P=F*2Pi*r
F=Fax*P
2Pi*r
F= 5000N*3mm
2*3,14*320mm
F=7,46N

30.2 - 5

Fax*240mm=9000N*360mm
Fax=9000N*360mm
240mm
Fax=13500N

Fax*P=F*2Pi*r
F=Fax*P
2Pi*r
F= 13500N*6mm
2*3,14*230mm
F=56N

30.2 - 6
Fax*P=F*2Pi*r
Fax=80N*2Pi*140mm
1,25mm
Fax=56269N

30.2 - 7
Fax*P=F*2Pi*r
Fax=120N*2Pi*27mm
5mm
Fax=40694N

30.2 - 8
2*Fax*P=F*2Pi*r
Fax=F*2Pi*r
2*P
Fax=80N.2Pi.400mm
2,2mm
Fax=50240N