Model Project For Replacement of Fine Aggregate

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF MULTICOMPLEX
BUILDING AT TIRUNELVELI
A DESIGN PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
NAME REG . NO
NAME REG . NO
NAME REG . NO
NAME REG . NO
in partial fulfilment for the award of the degree
of
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING
XXXXX COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING,
CHENNAI - 6

ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI 6

ANNA UNIVERSITY: CHENNAI

DOWNLOADED FROM http://annacivil.blogspot.com
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BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

Certified that this project report DESIGN OF MULTICOMPLEX
BUILDING is the bonafide work of NAMES who carried out the project
under my supervision.

SIGNATURE SIGNATURE
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT SUPERVISOR
Civil Engineering Civil Engineering
XXXXXXXXXXX XXXXXXXXXXXX
College of Engineering College of Engineering

Submitted to the viva voce held at XXXXXXXXXXXXX COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING on..............................

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

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CONTENTS
PAGE NO
1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 Objectives
1.2 Analysis of framed structure
1.3 Design of structures
1.4 Slab
1.5 Beam
1.6 Column
1.7 Footing
2 PLAN, ELEVATION AND SECTION
2.1 Ground floor plan
2.2 First floor plan
2.3 Second floor plan
2.4 Third floor plan
2.5 Fourth floor plan
2.6 Fifth floor plan
2.7 Sixth floor plan
2.8 Seventh floor plan
3 ANALYSIS OF MULTISTOREY FRAME
3.1 Frame analysis
4 DESIGN
4.1 Design of slab
4.2 Design of beams
4.3 Design of column
4.4 Design of footing
5 CONCLUSION
6 REFERENCE

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17

19

35

40

54

61

62
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LIST OF DRAWING
I. Plan
II. Elevation
III. Section
IV. Slab detailing
V. Beam detailing
VI. Column detailing
VII. Footing detailing

LIST OF TABLES
I. Beam maximum bending moments
II. Beam maximum shear forces
III. Column maximum axial forces
IV. Column maximum bending moments

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

We thank the almighty for his kind guidance all throughout the tenure of
this work

We take this opportunity to express our thanks to our beloved principal
Dr.S.J oseph Sekhar M.E., Ph.D and our correspondent Rev.Fr.J esu Marian for
their co-operative guidance and encouragement.

We are extremely grateful to our beloved H.O.D, civil Engg, and
Dr.S.Carmel J awahar M.E., Ph.D for his help and encouragement.

We owe greatest debt of gratitude to our beloved guide Er.J .Sherin Nisha M.E
for her technical idea for the well completion of this project.

We sincerely acknowledgement thanks to our entire teaching and non-
teaching staff members.
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ABSTRACT

This report discusses on the Design of a Multicomplex building. This project
mainly includes the analysis and design of the building. The load conditions as
per code IS456 are assumed. The slab and beams are designed for bending,
shear and deflection limit.
The plan, Elevation, Section and Reinforcement retails are drawn in AutoCAD.
The analysis made in STADD Pro. Designs are made manually by using IS 456:
2000.
Design is carried out manually and it is based on IS 456- 2000. And detailing
was done for the structural elements as per SP 3.
Concrete grade of M20 and steel HYSD bars of grade Fe415 are used. Safe
Bearing Capacity of soil is taken as 180KN/m
2
. Footing is designed as Circular.
Plan and detailing are enclosed in this report.

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SYMBOLS

A - Total area
A
st
- Area of tensile reinforcement
A
sc
- Area of compression reinforcement
D - Overall depth of beam or slab
d - Effective depth of beam or slab
L
eff
- Effective span of beam, slab or column
B.M - Bending moment
R.M - Resisting moment
m - Modular ratio
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f
y
- Characteristic strength of steel
V - Shear force
Z - Modules of section
cbc
- Permissble stress in concrete in bending compression
st
- Permissble stress in tensile steel
f
ck
- Chracteristic strength of concrete
B - Breadth of footing
L - Length of footing
P
u
- Ultimate load
W - Total load
v
- Normal shear stress
c
- Permissble shear stress
A
c
- Area of concrete
d - Diameter of steel
DL - Dead load
LL - Live load
WL - Wind load

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1

CHAPTER 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1. GENERAL

Soils having low bearing capacity are found in several parts of the world.
In Tamilnadu also low bearing capacity soil occur in many parts. The
basic problems associated with these types of deposits are low shear
strength and high compressibility. Whenever poor soil conditions are at
site such as, loose sand, soft clay, highly organic deposit or dumped
heterogeneous material are encountered the following are the alternatives
to overcome the problems.

i. Avoid the site by relocating the proposed structure at a site with
better soil conditions.
ii. Adopt a foundation system that recognizes the inadequacies of the
soil and transfers load to it in a manner that the inadequacies are
unable to cause any harm to the superstructure
iii. Adopt a foundation system that by-passes the poor soil and
transfers the load from the superstructure to better soil located from
below the poor soil.
iv. Improve or modify the properties of the soil either by excavating
the poor quality soil and replacing it with soil having better
engineering properties or by in-situ treatment without excavation
these processes are known as ground improvement or ground
modification.
Due to growth of population and scarcity of land, construction of
structures in poor soil is unavoidable.
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2

1.2. GROUND IMPROVEMENT AND MODIFICATION

The terms ground improvement and modification refer to the
improvement or modification to the engineering properties of the soil so
that soil posses properties that are acceptable to us for the proposed civil
engineering activity. The improved or modified soil exhibits satisfactory
performance when foundations, earth retaining structures are constructed
on within or using the soil.

The term Ground improvement means a permanent or long term
improvement and the term Ground modification means a temporary or
short term modification effected for the construction stage only.
Improvements in soil behaviour required are listed below.

i. An increase in the bearing capacity.
ii. A reduction in the amount of settlement and on the time in which it
occurs.
iii. An increase in the capacity to retard seepage.
iv. Acceleration in the rate at which drainage occurs.
v. Elimination of the possibility of liquefaction.
vi. An increase in the suitability of a slope or a vertical cut or an
underground opening.

1.3. IMPROVEMEND BY MIXING WITH ADDITIVES
There are various methods of modification that are possible to
achieve improvement in soil properties. Of all the available
methods, improving the properties by mixing with additives such
as
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3

1.1 OBJ ECTIVES

The objectives of project are

To prepare drawings for the building.
To analyse and Design a multi-storeyed building of eight storey.

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4

1.2 ANALYSIS OF FRAMED STRUCTURE

The method by which multicomplex building frames resist horizontal
or lateral forces depends on how the structures has be laid down or planned to
bear these loads.

1.2.1 METHODS OF ANALYSIS
Analysis of the whole frame by using STADD Pro.
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5

1.2.1 a. MAXIMUM BENDING MOMENTS IN BEAMS

The magnitude of bending moments in beams and columns respectively
depend upon their relative rigidity. Generally the beams are made of the same
dimensions in all the floors, while the dimensions of column vary from storey to
storey. Columns have smallest dimensions at the top and largest dimensions at
bottom, due to this the ratio of the rigidity of the beam to that of the column is
larger in the upper floors than in lower floors. Beam in all floors are made of the
same dimensions and provided with same amount of steel, only one substitute
frame may be sufficient when placed in a position in the structure for which the
B.M is largest.

1.2.1 b. MAXIMUM BENDING MOMENT IN COLUMNS

The bending moment in columns increases with increase in their
rigidity. Hence they are largest in the lower storeys, and smallest in upper
storey. The maximum compressive stress in columns is found by combining
maximum vertical loads with the maximum bending moments.

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6

1.3. DESIGN OF RCC STRUCTURES

Reinforced cement concrete members can be designed by one of the
following methods.
a) Working Stress method
b) Limit state method

1.3.1 LIMIT STATE DESIGN
Limit state method of design is based on the plastic theory.
Partial safety factors are used in this method to determine the design
loads and design strength of materials from their characteristic values.
The design aids to IS: 456 published by the Bureau of Indian Standards
made by the design by limit state method very simple and hence this
method is being widely used in practice.
This method gives economical results when compared with the
conventional working stress method.

1.3.2. WORKING STRESS METHOD

This is conventional method adopted in the past in the design of
R.C structures.
It is based on the elastic theory in which the materials, concrete and
steel, are assumed to be stressed well above their elastic limit under
the load.

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7

1.4. SLABS
Slabs are the primary members of a structure, which support the
imposed loads directly on them and transfer the same safely to the
supporting elements such as beams, walls, columns etc.
A slab is a thin flexural member used in floors and roofs of
structures to support the imposed loads.

CLASSFICATION OF SLAB
Solid slab
Hollow slab or voided slab
Ribbed slabs

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8

1.5. BEAM
A beam has to be generally designed for the actions such as
bending moments, shear forces and twisting moments developed
by the lateral loads.
The size of a beam is designed considering the maximum B.M in it
and generally kept uniform throughout its length.
IS 456:2000 recommends that minimum grade of concrete should
not be less than M
20
in R.C works.

1.5.1. BREADTH OF BEAM

It shall not exceed the size of the supports. Generally the breadth
of a beam is kept as 1/3 to 2/3 of its depth.

1.5.2. DEPTH OF BEAMS

The depth of the beam is to be designed to satisfy the strength and
stiffness requirement.
It also satisfy sufficient M.R. and deflection check as
recommended in IS456:2000
For preliminary analysis purpose over all depth of beam may
assumed 1/10 to 1/12 of clear span for simply support 1/7 to 1/5
for continuous and cantilever beam.

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9

1.6. COLUMN

Members in compression are called column and struts.
The term column is reserved for members who transfer loads to
the ground.
Classification of column, depending slenderness

a. Short column
b. Slender column
a. Short column

IS 456:2000 classifying rectangular columns as short when ratio of
the effective length (L
e
) to the least dimensions less than 12. This
ratio is called slenderness ratio of the column.

b. Slender column

The ratio of L
e
to the least dimensions is greater than 12 is called
slender column.

End conditions Effective length factor
1. Both end fixed - 0.65L
2. One end fixed-one end hinged - 0.80L
3. Both end hinged - 1.00L
4. One end fixed one end free - 2.00L

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10

1.7. FOOTING

Foundation is the bottom most but the most important component
of a structure.
It should be well planned and carefully to ensure the safety and
stability of the structure.
Foundation provide for R.C columns are called column base.

1.7.1. BASIC REQUIREMENT OF FOOTING

a. It should withstand applied load moments and induced reactions.
b. Sufficient area should be providing according to soil pressure.

Footings carry two different loads then it should plan carefully.

1.7.2. TYPES OF FOOTING

a. Isolated base/footing
b. Combined footing
c. Strap footing
d. Solid raft footing
e. Annular raft footing

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11

2.1. GROUND FLOOR PLAN

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12

2.2. FIRST FLOOR PLAN

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13

2.3. SECOND FLOOR PLAN

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14

2.4. THIRD FLOOR PLAN

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2.5. FOURTH FLOOR PLAN

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2.6. FIFTH FLOOR PLAN

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2.7. SIXTH FLOOR PLAN

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18

2.8. SEVENTH FLOOR PLAN

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19

ELEVATION

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20

SECTION X-X

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21

ANALYSIS OF MULTISTOREY FRAME

3.1 FRAME ANALYSIS

STAAD.Pro Report

To: From:

Copy
to:
Date: 02/11/2011
12:11:00
Ref: ca/ Document1

J ob Information

Engineer Checked Approved
Name:
Date: 23-Oct-11

Structure Type SPACE FRAME

Number of Nodes 1674 Highest Node 1676
Number of Elements 4158 Highest Beam 4158

Number of Basic Load Cases 4
Number of Combination Load Cases 10
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22

Included in this printout are data for:

Included in this printout are results for load cases:

Type L/C Name
Combination 5 combination load case 5

Basic Load Cases

Number Name
1 seismic load
2 wind load
3 dead load
4 live load

Combination Load Cases

Comb. Combination L/C Name Primary Primary L/C Name Factor
5 combination load case 5 1 seismic load 1.50
dead load 1.50
live load 1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50
1.50

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24

My 889.644kN-m:1m Mz 889.644kN-m:1m 1 SEISMIC LOAD
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BEAM

Beam Maximum Moments

Distances to maxima are given from beam end A.

Beam
Node
A
Length
(m)
L/C
d
(m)
Max My
(kN
-
m)
d
(m)
Max Mz
(kN
-
m)
3930 1491 10.000
5:COMBINATI
ON LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 1.979 10.000 425.281
Max +ve 10.000 -1.615 5.000 -215.180
3931 1492 10.000
5:COMBINATI
ON LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 2.319 10.000 436.108
Max +ve 10.000 -2.414 5.000 -199.390
3932 1493 10.000
5:COMBINATI
ON LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 0.346 10.000 407.302
Max +ve 10.000 -0.484 5.000 -200.438
3933 1494 10.000
5:COMBINATI
ON LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 1.062 10.000 413.841
Max +ve 10.000 -0.936 5.000 -200.359
3934 1495 10.000
5:COMBINATI
ON LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 1.461 10.000 409.856
Max +ve 10.000 -1.350 5.000 -200.002
3935 1496 10.000
5:COMBINATI
ON LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 1.781 10.000 406.231
Max +ve 10.000 -1.755 5.000 -200.051
3936 1497 10.000
5:COMBINATI
ON LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 1.502 10.000 401.913
Max +ve 10.000 -1.548 5.000 -200.180
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3937 1498 10.000
5:COMBINATI
ON LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 1.301 0.000 399.014
Max +ve 10.000 -1.305 5.000 -200.352
3938 1499 10.000
5:COMBINATI
ON LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 1.429 0.000 403.629
Max +ve 10.000 -1.627 5.000 -214.118

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Beam Maximum Shear Forces


Beam
Node
A
Length
(m)
L/C
d
(m)
Max Fz
(kN)
d
(m)
Max Fy
(kN)
3930 1491 10.000
5:COMBINA
TION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 230.857
Max +ve 0.000 -0.359 10.000 -247.742
3931 1492 10.000
5:COMBINA
TION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 231.850
Max +ve 0.000 -0.473 10.000 -246.749
3932 1493 10.000
5:COMBINA
TION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 237.406
Max +ve 0.000 -0.083 10.000 -241.198
3933 1494 10.000
5:COMBINA
TION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 236.109
Max +ve 0.000 -0.200 10.000 -242.490
3934 1495 10.000
5:COMBINA
TION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 236.978
Max +ve 0.000 -0.281 10.000 -241.621
3935 1496 10.000
5:COMBINA
TION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 237.693
Max +ve 0.000 -0.354 10.000 -240.906
3936 1497 10.000
5:COMBINA
TION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 238.530
Max +ve 0.000 -0.305 10.000 -240.069
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3937 1498 10.000
5:COMBINA
TION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 239.523
Max +ve 0.000 -0.261 10.000 -239.081
3938 1499 10.000
5:COMBINA
TION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 243.199
Max +ve 0.000 -0.306 10.000 -235.400

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COLUMN

Beam Maximum Moments

Distances to maxima are given from beam end A
.
Beam
Node
A
Length
(m)
L/C
d
(m)
Max My
(kN
-
m)
d
(m)
Max Mz
(kN
-
m)
1 1 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 45.798 3.500 187.455
Max +ve 0.000 -25.159
3 3 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 39.379 0.000 97.025
Max +ve 0.000 -21.942 3.500 -4.218
43 43 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 1.359 0.000 107.504
Max +ve 0.000 -3.188 3.500 -5.854
520 189 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 53.052 3.500 168.181
Max +ve 0.000 -53.491 0.000 -152.967
522 191 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 35.748 0.000 73.210
Max +ve 0.000 -46.405 3.500 -39.973
562 231 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 2.081 0.000 79.087
Max +ve 0.000 -1.714 3.500 -51.438
1039 375 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 56.325 3.500 166.002
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Max +ve 0.000 -54.858 0.000 -169.227
1041 377 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 27.518 0.000 32.105
Max +ve 0.000 -24.766 3.500 -31.219
1081 417 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 1.473 0.000 57.030
Max +ve 0.000 -0.394 3.500 -59.893
1225 377 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 27.518 0.000 32.105
Max +ve 0.000 -24.766 3.500 -31.219
1559 561 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 59.396 3.500 166.500
Max +ve 0.000 -58.365 0.000 -177.914
1561 563 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 32.583 0.000 20.869
Max +ve 0.000 -28.549 3.500 -32.916
1601 603 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 0.740 0.000 46.108
Max +ve 3.500 -58.906
1745 563 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 32.583 0.000 20.869
Max +ve 0.000 -28.549 3.500 -32.916
2079 747 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 61.939 3.500 168.501
Max +ve 0.000 -60.918 0.000 -186.126
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2081 749 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 37.176 0.000 14.355
Max +ve 0.000 -34.141 3.500 -32.551
2121 789 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 1.547 0.000 36.501
Max +ve 3.500 -0.418 3.500 -55.096
2265 749 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 37.176 0.000 14.355
Max +ve 0.000 -34.141 3.500 -32.551
2599 933 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 64.558 3.500 174.454
Max +ve 0.000 -62.687 0.000 -194.580
2601 935 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 41.438 0.000 7.323
Max +ve 0.000 -38.002 3.500 -26.356
2641 975 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 2.644 0.000 24.854
Max +ve 3.500 -0.398 3.500 -44.675
2785 935 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 41.438 0.000 7.323
Max +ve 0.000 -38.002 3.500 -26.356
3119 1119 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 64.685 3.500 184.871
Max +ve 0.000 -62.594 0.000 -199.406
3121 1121 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 47.700 0.000 5.545
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Max +ve 0.000 -39.571 3.500 -14.102
3161 1161 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 6.338 0.000 18.375
Max +ve 3.500 -1.343 3.500 -26.546
3305 1121 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 47.700 0.000 5.545
Max +ve 0.000 -39.571 3.500 -14.102
3639 1305 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 103.950 3.500 340.859
Max +ve 0.000 -62.252 0.000 -193.960
3641 1307 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 72.529 0.000 14.721
Max +ve 0.000 -34.631 3.500 -24.154
3681 1347 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 13.873 0.000 30.317
Max +ve 3.500 -14.354 3.500 -44.532
3825 1307 3.500
5:COMBINAT
ION LOAD
CASE 5
Max -ve 3.500 72.529 0.000 14.721
Max +ve 0.000 -34.631 3.500 -24.154

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Beam Maximum Axial Forces


Beam Node A
Length
(m)
L/C
d
(m)
Max Fx
(kN)
1 1 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 4.44E 3
Max +ve
3 3 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 7.65E 3
Max +ve
43 43 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 7.32E 3
Max +ve
520 189 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 3.9E 3
Max +ve
522 191 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 6.86E 3
Max +ve
562 231 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 6.4E 3
Max +ve
1039 375 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 3.35E 3
Max +ve
1041 377 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 3.04E 3
Max +ve
1081 417 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 5.49E 3
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Max +ve
1225 377 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 3.04E 3
Max +ve
1559 561 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 2.79E 3
Max +ve
1561 563 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 2.54E 3
Max +ve
1601 603 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 4.57E 3
Max +ve
1745 563 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 2.54E 3
Max +ve
2079 747 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 2.24E 3
Max +ve
2081 749 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 2.04E 3
Max +ve
2121 789 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 3.66E 3
Max +ve
2265 749 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 2.04E 3
Max +ve
2599 933 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 1.68E 3
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Max +ve
2601 935 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 1.53E 3
Max +ve
2641 975 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 2.75E 3
Max +ve
2785 935 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 1.53E 3
Max +ve
3119 1119 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 1.12E 3
Max +ve
3121 1121 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 1.02E 3
Max +ve
3161 1161 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 1.83E 3
Max +ve
3305 1121 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 1.02E 3
Max +ve
3639 1305 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 551.286
Max +ve
3641 1307 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 507.947
Max +ve
3681 1347 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 915.875
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36

Max +ve
3825 1307 3.500
5:COMBINATION
LOAD CASE 5
Max -ve 0.000 507.947
Max +ve

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37

DESIGN

4.1. DESIGN OF SLAB
DATA:
SLAB - B C1, C12,C B2
Size of floor =5m x 10m
Materials M
20
concrete and Fe415 HYSD bars
PERMISSIBLE STRESSES

cbc
=7 N/mm
2
(from IS456:2000 table 21)
st
= 230 N/mm
2
(from table 22)
For M
20
concrete;
Q =0.91
j =0.90
m =13.33
TYPE OF SLAB
L
Y
/ L
x
=10 / 5 =2
Two-way slab

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38

DEPTH OF SLAB
(from IS456:2000 page no.39 cl.24.1)
Span / overall depth =L/D =35 x 0.8 =28
5000 / 28 =178 mm
Adopt Overall depth =180 mm
D =180 mm
Effective depth, d =D C /2
Adopt , d =155 mm

EFFECTIVE SPAN

Effective span is the least of;
(i) Centre to centre of supports =5 +0.23 =5.23m
(ii) Clear span +effective depth =5 +0.155 =5.155 m
(iii) L
e
=5.155 m

LOAD CALCULATION
Self weight =0.18 x 1 x 25 =4.5 KN/m
2

Live load =1.5 KN/m
2
Floor finishes =0.75 KN/m
2

Total load =6.75 KN/m
2

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39

BENDING MOMENT
L
y
/L
x
=10 / 5 =2
x
=0.118

y
=0.029 (from IS456:2000 table 27)

M
x
=
x
x W x l
x
2

=0.118 x 6.75 x 5.155
2

=21.13 KN.m
M
y
=
y
x W x l
x
2

=0.029 x 6.75 x 5.155
2

=5.19 KN.m
CHECK FOR DEPTH

Effective depth required, d
e
= M/Qb
= 21.13 x 10
6
/ 0.91 x 1000
=152 mm
Depth provided Depth required
Hence safe

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40

REINFORCEMENT

Reinforcement in shorter span;
A
st
=M
x
/
st
jd
=21.13 x 10
6
/ 230 x 0.9 x 155
=658.56 mm
2

Spacing =1000 x a
st
/ A
st

= 1000 x (10/2) / 658.56
=119 mm
Adopt 10mm dia. Bars @ 120 mm spacing
Reinforcement in longer span
A
st
=M
y
/
st
jd
=5.19 x 10
6
/ 230 x 0.9 x 155
=161.75 mm
2

Spacing =1000 x a
st
/ A
st

= 1000 x (10/2) / 161.75
=485 mm
Adopt 10mm dia. Bars @ 300 mm spacing

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Reinforcement detailing

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42

4.2. DESIGN OF BEAMS
DATA:
BEAM - A 12 =10 m
Effective Span =10m
fy =415 N/mm
2

fck =20N/mm
2

Thickness of Beam =450mm
STAAD OUTPUT

Maximum positive BM Mu
(+ive)
= 215 KNm
Maximum negative BM Mu
(-ive)
=425 KNm
Maximum Shear force V
u
=247 KN
DEPTH

Mu
lim
= 0.138f
ck
b.d
2
d =
42510
6
(0.13825300)

d =585 600mm
D =600+50 =650mm
REINFORCEMENT AT TOP

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43

Mu = 0.87 A
st
f
y
d 1
sty
ck

42510
6
= 0.87 A
st
415600 1
st 415
45060020

42510
6
= 216630A
st
16.65 A
st
2

Ast=2407mm
2

Using 2 layers of 5 nos of 25mm dia bars on compression face
Ast pro =2418.1mm
2

REINFORCEMENT AT BOTTOM

Mu = 0.87 A
st
f
y
d 1
sty
ck

21510
6
= 0.87 A
st
415600 1
st 415
45060020

21510
6
=216630A
st
16.65 A
st
2
Ast=1082.5mm
2

Using 4nos of 25mm dia bars on the Tension face
Ast pro =1081.2mm
2

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44

SHEAR REINFORCEMENT

CHECK FOR SHEAR STRESS

v =

=
24710
3
450600
=0.91 N/mm
2

P
t
=
100Ast

=
1002418
450600
= 0.89N/mm
2

Ref. table 19 from IS456
c
= 0.59
c
<
v

Then shear reinforcement are to be designed to resist the balance shear
compute as

V
us
= (
v

c
) bd
V
us
=(0.91 0.59)45060010
-3
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45

V
us
=86.4 KN
Using 8 mm dia 2 legged stirrups

S
v
=
0.87

S
v
=251mm

Adopt 8 mm dia 2 legged stirrups at 251mm spacing

CHECK FOR DEFLECTION CONTROL

max =
basicKtKcKf

f
s
=0.58f
y

f
s
=0.58415
2407
2418.1
=239.6
Pt = 0.89 , fs =239.6, Fig 4 IS 456-2000 kt=1.0

max =26111 =26
actual =
5000
600
= 8.3
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46

max >
actual

Hence safe

REINFORCEMENT DETAILING

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47

DESIGN OF SECONDARY BEAM
DATA:
BEAM AB1 =5m
Effective Span =5m
fy =415 N/mm
2

fck =20N/mm
2

Thickness of Beam =450mm
STAAD OUTPUT

Maximum positive BM Mu
(+ive)
= 215 KNm
Maximum negative BM Mu
(-ive)
=425 KNm
Maximum Shear force V
u
=247 KN
DEPTH

Mu
lim
= 0.138f
ck
b.d
2
d=
42510
6
(0.13825300)

d =585 600mm
D =600+50 =650mm
REINFORCEMENT AT TOP

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48

Mu = 0.87 A
st
f
y
d 1
sty
ck

42510
6
= 0.87 A
st
415600 1
st 415
45060020

42510
6
=216630A
st
16.65 A
st
2

Ast=2407mm
2

Using 2 layers of 5 nos of 25mm dia bars on compression face
Ast pro =2418.1mm
2

REINFORCEMENT AT BOTTOM

Mu = 0.87 A
st
f
y
d 1
sty
ck

21510
6
= 0.87 A
st
415600 1
st 415
45060020

21510
6
=216630A
st
16.65 A
st
2
Ast=1082.5mm
2

Using 4nos of 25mm dia bars on the Tension face
Ast pro =1081.2mm
2

SHEAR REINFORCEMENT

v =

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=
24710
3
450600
=0.91 N/mm
2

P
t
=
100Ast

=
1002418
450600
= 0.89N/mm
2

Ref. table 19 from IS456
c
= 0.59
c
<
v

Then shear reinforcement are to be designed to resist the balance shear
compute as

V
us
= (
v

c
) bd
V
us
=(0.91 0.59)45060010
-3
V
us
=86.4 KN
Using 8 mm dia 2 legged stirrups

S
v
=
0.87

S
v
=251mm

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Adopt 8 mm dia 2 legged stirrups at 251mm spacing
CHECK FOR DEFLECTION CONTROL

max =
basicKtKcKf

f
s
=0.58f
y

f
s
=0.58415
2407
2418.1
=239.6

Pt=0.89, fs =239.6, Fig 4 IS 456-2000 Kt=1.0

max =26111 =26

actual=
10000
600
= 16.67
max >
actual

Hence safe

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51


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52

4.3. DESIGN OF COLUMN
DATA:
COLUMN A1
P
u
=915.875 KN
f
ck
=20 N/mm
2

f
y
=415 N/mm
2

Strength of compression members with helical reinforcement is 1.05 times the
strength similar members with lateral ties (IS456:2000 cl. 39.4)
P
u
=915.875 / 1.05 =873 KN

MINIMUM ECCENTRICITY

Assume; e
min
=20mm ; (IS456:2000 CL 25.4)
e
min
<0.05D
20mm <40mm
P
u
=0.4 f
ck
+0.67 f
y
A
sc
(IS456:2000 cl 39.3)
Assume 1 % of steel
A
sc
=1/100 x A
g

P
u
=0.4 x 20 x(A
g
A
sc
) +0.67 x 415 x A
g
/ 100
A
g
=85591mm
2
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53

CHECK FOR ECCENTRICITY
0.05D =0.05 x 800 =40 mm
e
min
<0.05D
Hence ok
REINFORCEMENT

Provide 18 mm dia. Bars
A
sc
=A
g
/ 100 =85591 / 100 =855.91mm
2

No. Of bars = 855.91 / x (18 / 2)
2
=3.4
Adopt 5 nos. of 18mm dia. Bars

HELICAL REINFORCEMENT

Use 8 mm dia bars mild steel for helical reinforcement
f
y
=250 N/mm
2

Core dia. =D
c
=800 (2 X29.5) =740mm
Area of core =A
c
= x (D
c
)
2
/ 4 = x 740
2
/ 4 =430084mm
2

0.36(A
g
/A
c
1 )f
ck
/ f
y
= 0.36 ((800/2)
2
1/430084 - 1) x 20/250=4.859 x 10
-3

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54

d
n
=800 (2 x 33.5) =733mm
Let, S =Pitch of spiral
V
u
= d
n
/ S x ( x
s
/ 4)
V
u
=115750.7204 S
V
c
=A
c
x 1 =430084 x 1 =430084
115750.7204S /430084 =4.8596x 10
-3

S =55mm
PITCH SCHEDULE
(i) <75mm
(ii) 1/ 6 D
c
=1 /6 x 740 =123.33mm
(iii) >3
s
=3 x 8 =24mm
(iv) S =55mm
Hence ok

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55


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56

4.4. DESIGN OF FOOTING
DATA:
P
u
=915.875 KN
D =800mm
P =180 KN/m
2

f
ck
=20 N/mm
2

f
y
=415 N/mm
2

p
u
=(1.5 x 180) =270 KN/m
2

DIMENSIONS OF FOOTING

Load on column =915.875 KN
Self weight of footing =(10%) =91.6 KN
Total load on soil =w
u
=1007.5 KN
Let, D
f
=diameter of the circular footing
A
f
=area of the footing

A
f
= ( D
f
2
/ 4) =(w
u
/ p
u
) =(1007.5 / 800) =1.26 m
2

D
f
= (4 x 1.26) / = 1.27 m
Adopt diameter of footing =D
f
=2m
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57

Upward soil pressure =p
u
= (915.875 x 4 / x 2
2
) =291.5 KN/m
2
<300 KN/m
2

Hence, the diameter of the footing is adequate to resist the loads.
R
x
=0.6 [R
2
+r
2
+Rr / R +r ] =0.6[1000
2
+400
2
+(1000 x 400) /(1000 +400)]
=668mm
Upward load on area (b b c c) is expressed as W
q
and computed as,
W
q
=[ (1 0.4
2
) 291.5 / 4 ] =192 KN

BENDING MOMENT

Maximum bending moment at the face of the column quadrant is computed as,
M
u
=192 (0.668 0.4) =51.5 KN.m
Breadth of footing = r
c
/ 2 = x 0.4 / 2 = 0.63m = 630 mm
Depth of footing = d = M
u
/ 0.138 f
ck
b =1.72 m
Depths required from shear considerations will nearly 1.5 times that for moment
computations.
Hence adopt effective depth =d =250 mm =and overall depth =300 mm

REINFORCEMENTS

Mu =[0.87fyAstd][1-{(Ast fy)/(bdfck)}]
=[0.87 x 415 A
st
x 250][1 {(A
st
415) / (172 x 250 x 20]
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58

=1100mm
2

A
st min
=(0.0012 x 172 x 300) =61.92 mm
2

Provide 10 mm diameter bars at 150 mm spacing.


Ultimate shear force at a distance of 0.25m from the face of column is given by,
V
u
=291.5(2
2
1.35
2
) (/4) = 498.5 KN
Shear per metre width of perimeter = (498.5 / x 1.35) = 110 KN
v
=(V
u
/ bd ) =(110 x 10
3
/ 1000 x 250 ) =0.44 N/mm
2

(100 A
st
/ bd) =(100 x 1100 / 1000 x 250) =0.44 N/mm
2

Refer table 19 of IS 456:2000 and read out the permissible shear stress in
concrete
(k
s

c
) =(1 x 0.45) =0.45 N/mm
2
>0.44 N/mm
2

Hence, the shear stresses are within safe permissible limits.

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59


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60

ESTIMATION

ITE
M
NO
PARTICULAR
S
NO LENG
TH
m
BREAD
TH
m
HEIGHT OR
DEPTH
M
QTY
1 EARTH WORK
EXCAVATION
190 3 3 1.5 2565m
3
2 PLAIN
CEMENT
CONCRETE
190 3 3 0.05 85.5m
3
3 RCC FOR
FOUNDATION
190 3 3 0.6 1026m
3
4 BACKFILL 1453.5m
3
5 DISPOSAL 1111.5m
3
6 RCC FOR
COLUMN
190 DIA=0.8
AREA=0.5027m
2
30.5 2913.14
m
2
7 RCC FOR
BEAM1
102
2
5 0.45 0.6 1379.7m
3
8 RCC FOR
BEAM2
110
6
10 0.45 0.6 2986.2m
3
9 RCC FOR SLAB 100
8
10 5 0.18 9072m
3
10 BRICK WORK1 4 75.6 0.2 28 1693.44
m
3
11 BRICKWORK2 2 82.8 0.2 28 927.36m
3
12 BRICKWORK3 10 36.8 0.2 28 2060.8m
3
13 BRICKWORK4 2 65.2 0.2 28 730.24m
3
14 PLASTERING 2 1020 28 57120m
2
15 WHITE WASH 2 1020 28 57120m
2
16 PAINTING 2 1020 28 57120m
2
17 REINFORCEME
NT FOR
FOOTING(10m
mDIA)
11 3m 33X190=6270m 3870.kg
18 REINFORCEME
NT FOR
FOOTING(6mm
DIA)
16 3m 48X190=9120m 2026.7kg
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61

19 REINFORCEME
NT FOR
COLUMN(18m
m DIA)
5 30.5m 152.5X190=289
75m
57950kg
20 REINFORCEME
NT FOR
COLUMN(10m
m DIA)
102 0.8m 81.6X190=1550
4m
9570.4kg
21 REINFORCEME
NT FOR
BEAM1(25mm
DIA)
8 10m 80X1022=81760
m
315432.0
2kg
22 REINFORCEMN
T FOR
BEAM1(8mm
DIA)
34 2.1m 71.4X1022=729
70.8m
28828kg
23 REINFORCEME
NT FOR
BEAM2(25mm
DIA)
8 5m 40X1106=44240
m
170679.0
kg
24 REINFORCEME
NT FOR
BEAM2(8mm
DIA)
17 2.1m 35.7X1106=394
84.2m
15598.7k
g
25 REINFORCEME
NT FOR
SLAB(10mm)
11 5m 55X1008=55440
m
34222.2k
g
26 REINFORCEME
NT FOR
SLAB(10mm
DIA)
17 10m 170X1008=1713
6m
10577.7k
g

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62

ITEM NO PARTICULARS QUANTITY RATE AMOUNT
1 EARTH WORK
EXCAVATION
2565m
3
175.00 448875 /-
2 PLAIN CEMENT
CONCRETE
85.5m
3
3000 256500 /-
3 RCC FOR
FOUNDATION
1026m
3
5500 5643000 /-
4 BACKFILL 1453.5m
3
50 72675 / -
5 DISPOSAL 1111.5m
3
50 55575 / -
6 RCC FOR COLUMN 2913.14m
2
5500 16022270 / -
7 RCC FOR BEAM1 1379.7m
3
5500 7588350 / -
8 RCC FOR BEAM2 2986.2m
3
5500 16424100 / -
9 RCC FOR SLAB 9072m
3
5500 49896000 / -
10 BRICK WORK1 1693.44m
3
2750 4656960 / -
11 BRICKWORK2 927.36m
3
2750 2550240 / -
3
2750 5667200 /-
3
2750 2008160 /-
14 PLASTERING 57120m
2
135 7711200 /-
15 WHITE WASH 57120m
2
10 571200 /-
16 PAINTING 57120m
2
115 6568800/-
17 REINFORCEMENT 648754.72kg 51 33086490 / -
18 ELECTRIFICATION 500000/-
TOTAL 309727595/-
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63

CONCLUSION

The multicomplex building of eight storey height is designed to be
located at Tirunelveli. The limit state and working stress method was
adopted. The design for slabs, beams, columns, footing has been
done.
It is concluded that the design by manual method satisfies the
entire requirement and it would be sufficient for the construction of
building.
In this work a eight storey multicomplex with all the facilities for
a comfortable working has been properly analysed and designed as
per IS456-2000.

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64

REFERENCES

1. P.C.Varghese, Limit state design of reinforced concrete
2. N.Krishna Raju, R.N.Pranesh, Reinforced concrete design
3. B.C.Punmia, Theory of structures
4. B.N.Dutta, Estimating and Costing in Civil Engg.
5. Code IS456:2000
6. Code Sp:16
7. Code IS 875:1986

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Model Project For Replacement of Fine Aggregate

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Model Project For Replacement of Fine Aggregate

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ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF MULTICOMPLEX

max =26111 =26

max =26111 =26

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