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Earths Atmosphere
Radiation
Radiation - A process in which energetic particles or waves travel through a medium or space. There are two distinct types of radiation; ionizing and non-ionizing.
conduction
In heat transfer, conduction (or heat conduction) is the transfer of thermal energy between neighboring molecules in a substance due to a temperature gradient. It always takes place from a region of higher temperature to a region of lower temperature, and acts to equalize the temperature differences.
Convection
Convection is the movement of molecules within fluids (i.e. liquids, gases). It cannot take place in solids, since neither bulk current flows nor significant diffusion can take place in solids.
Sources
Natural sources
Respiration Volcanic eruption and biomass burning
Anthropogenic sources
Land use change Transport Industry Biomass burning Energy related emission
Sinks
Terrestrial vegetation Oceans Soil Geological sink Artificial sink
CO2 Cycle
Radiative forcing is quantified at the tropopause in units of watts per square meter.
Carbon dioxide emissions Country per year (106 Tons) (2006) Percentage of global total
China United States Russia India Japan Germany United Kingdom Canada South Korea Italy
6,103 5,752 1,564 1,510 1,293 805 568 544 475 474
21.5% 20.2% 5.5% 5.3% 4.6% 2.8% 2.0% 1.9% 1.7% 1.7%
Country
Qatar
56.2
32.8
Kuwait
31.2
Bahrain
28.8
25.3
Luxembourg
24.5
Netherlands Antilles
22.8
Aruba
22.3
United States
19
Australia
18.1