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x = l1cos 1 + l 2 cos( 1 + 2) + l 3 cos( 1 + 2 + 3)

y = l1sin 1 + l 2 sin( 1 + 2) + l 3sin( 1 + 2 + 3)

1
0
2
l3
3

l1S 23+l 2S 3
l 2S 3
vx
=
vy l1C 23+l 2C 3+l 3 l 2C 3+l 3

x = l1cos 1 + l 2 cos( 1 + 2) + l 3 cos( 1 + 2 + 3) ( 1)

y = l1sin 1 + l 2 sin( 1 + 2) + l 3sin( 1 + 2 + 3) ( 2 )

arranging and squaring ( 1) & ( 2 ) we have


...

...

...

( x l1 cos 1) = (
2
y

l
1
sin

1
=(
)
(
2

...

l 2 cos( 1 + 2) + l 3 cos( 1 + 2 + 3)
l 2 sin( 1 + 2) + l 3sin( 1 + 2 + 3)

( 3)

( 4)

from (3) &(4) we have


...........

.......

...

x2 + y2 + l 21 2l1( xC1 + yS1) = l 2 2 + l 2 3 + 2l 2l 3C 3 (5)


equation (5) can be written as
....

....

.....

....

....

x 2 + y 2 +l 21l 2 2 l 2 32l1( xC1+ yS1)


cos 3 =
(6)
2l 2l 3

= C 0 + C1t;
where C 0 + C1 = 1
(assume C 0 = 0.5, C1 = 0.5)
.........

...........

= C 0 + C1t + C 2t 2 ;
where C 0 + C1 + C 2 = 1.
(assume C 0 = 0.3, C1 = 0.3, C 2 = 0.4)
.........

...........

= C 0 + C1t + C 2t 2 + C 3t 3;
where C 0 + C1 + C 2 + C 3 = 1.
(assume C 0 = 0.3, C1 = 0.3, C 2 = 0.3,C 3 = 0.1)
..........

...........

Also = 1 + 2 + 3;
.............

yn(l1+l 2 cos 2) xnl 2 sin 2


1 = tan 1
;

xn(l1+l 2 cos 2)+ ynl 2 sin 2

2
2
2
2 2

x
n
+
y
n

l
1

l
2
1

2l1l 2

1
2 = tan
;
2
2
2
2
xn + yn l1 l 2


2
l
1
l
2

3 = ( 1 + 2);

= C 0 + C1t;
C 0 = 0.5;
C1 = 0.5;
................................................................................................................

0.5

1.5

2.5

2.828

2.828

1.5

2.5

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

-27.91

-23.22

-16.25

-9.07

-0.648

18.146

41.47

40.6

37.88

32.93

24.58

1.991

15.1

39.94

64.35

90.78

119.368

151.823

4.69

6.97

7.18

8.422

18.7994

-0.87

-2.72

-4.95

-8.35

-22.539

24.84

24.41

26.43

28.588

32.455

graph1

Joint angles

Series1
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
-20
-40

Series2

Series3

Series1 -27.91 -23.22 -16.25


40.6
37.88
Series2 41.47
15.1

Series3

39.94

64.35

-9.07

-0.648 18.146

32.93

24.58

1.991

90.78 119.37 151.82

Time in seconds

graph2
Series1

Series2

Series3

40
Joint velocities

30
20
10
0
-10
-20
-30

Series1

4.69

6.97

7.18

8.422

18.794

Series2

-0.87

-2.72

-4.95

-8.35

-22.589

Series3

24.84

24.41

26.43

28.588

32.455

Time in seconds

= C 0 + C1t + C 2t 2
C 0 = 0.3;
C1 = 0.3;
C 2 = 0.4;
............................................................................................................

0.3

2.5

4.8

7.9

11.8

2.828

2.5

4.8

7.9

11.8

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

-27.91

-23.22

-16.25

-9.07

-0.64

18.146

41.465

40.5889

37.870

32.9236

24.5779

1.9914

3.635

39.931

121.63

251.184

428.733

656.003

-4.69

-6.97

-7.18

-8.43

-18.786

0.8761

2.7189

4.9464

8.3456

22.586

-36.296

-81.699

-129.554

-177.549

-227.27

graph3

t2

Series1

Series2

Series3

700
600
Joint angles

500
400
300
200
100
0
-100

Series1 -27.91 -23.22 -16.25 -9.07 -0.64 18.146


Series2 41.465 40.589 37.87 32.924 24.577 1.9914
Series3

3.635 39.931 121.63 251.18 428.73

656

Time in seconds

graph4 t2
Series1

Series2

Series3

50

Joint velocities

0
-50
-100
-150
-200
-250

Series1

-4.69

-6.97

-7.18

-8.43

-18.786

Series2

0.876

2.718

4.946

8.345

22.586

Series3

-36.296

-81.699 -129.554 -177.549 -227.27


Time in seconds

= C 0 + C1t + C 2t 2 + C 3t 3
C 0 = 0.3;
C1 = 0.3;
C 2 = 0.3;
C 3 = 0.1;
.......................................................................................................

0.3

2.9

6.6

12.7

21.8

2.828

2.9

6.6

12.7

21.8

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

-27.91

-23.22

-16.25

-9.07

-0.64

18.146

41.465

40.5889

37.870

32.9236

24.5779

1.9914

17.188

57.2957

166.157

378.152

727.658

1249.04

4.69

6.97

7.18

8.43

18.786

-0.8761

-2.7189

-4.9464

-8.3457

-22.586

40.1077

108.86

211.995

349.506

521.39

graph5 t3
Series1

Series2

Series3

1400
1200
Joint angles

1000
800
600
400
200
0
-200

Series1 -27.91 -23.22 -16.25 -9.07 -0.64 18.146


Series2 41.465 40.589 37.87 32.923 24.578 1.994
Series3 17.188 57.295 166.16 378.15 727.65 1249
Time in seconds

graph6 t3
Series1

Series2

Series3

600

Joint velocities

500
400
300
200
100
0
-100
Series1

4.69

6.97

7.18

8.43

18.786

Series2 -0.8761 -2.7189 -4.946 -8.3457 -22.586


Series3 40.1077 108.86 211.995 349.506 521.39
Time in seconds

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