HUBUNGAN RIWAYAT POLA ASUH, POLA MAKAN, ASUPAN ZAT GIZI TERHADAP KEJADIAN STUNTING PADA ANAK USIA

24 59 BULAN DI KECAMATAN BIBOKI UTARA KABUPATEN TIMOR TENGAH UTARA PROPINSI NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR
Penulis

Chr !" # D$%&r' N'%(!'

P$)% )% #*+ Pr&,- .r- M(h'))'. J(,r $, S/-AK, Ph-D-

ABSTRACT+ Background: Stunting is an indicator of chronic nutrition that reflects problem of overall social economic condition in the past and as a manifestation of further consequences of the prevalence of low birth weight and undernourishment in underfives and absence of supreme catch-up growth in the following years. Stunting brings impact to physical growth disorder that results in low capacity in reproduction, working memory, learning memory, visuospatial ability, cognitive function, high prevalence in obesity and morbidity. ow economic condition, rearing pattern, eating pattern, nutrient intake for a long time cause high prevalence of stunting in underfives. !he result of basic health survey "##$ showed the prevalence of stunting at the Province of %usa !enggara !imur was &'.$(, at )istrict of !imor !engah *tara was +,.'( and at Subdistrict of Biboki *tara in two subsequent years were '&.'( and '#."(. -b.ective: !o identify association between history of rearing pattern, eating pattern, nutrient intake and the prevalence of stunting in children of "&-+, months at Subdistrict of Biboki *tara )istrict of !imor !engah *tara Province of %usa !enggara !imur. /ethod: !he study was observational with case control design. 0esearch instrument was questionnaire that was used to identify history of rearing pattern, eating pattern and nutrient intake through recall &1"& hours subsequently. !he study was carried out at Subdistrict of Biboki *tara with sub.ect of the study were children of "&-+, months involving as many as 2+" samples consisting of $' underfives as cases and $' as control. 0esult: 3istory of inadequate rearing pattern was +4.,(, eating pattern ++.,(, energy intake ++.,(, protein intake +".'(, calcium intake +".#(, infection disease +2.4(, family economy '2.5(, food tenacity $2.$(. !he result of bivariate analysis showed variables of history of rearing pattern, eating pattern, nutrient intake, infection disease, family economy had significant association 6p7#.#+8 with the prevalence of stunting whereas food tenacity had no significant association. !he result of multivariate analysis showed variable of history of rearing pattern most dominantly influenced the prevalence of stunting. 9onclusion: !here was significant association between history of rearing pattern, eating pattern, intake of protein, energy, calcium and the prevalence of stunting. INTISARI+ atar belakang : Stunting merupakan salah satu indikator gi:i kronis yang dapat memberikan gambaran gangguan keadaan sosial ekonomi keseluruhan di masa lampau. Stunting diketahui dengan melakukan pengukuran indikator !B;*. )ampak stunting menyebabkan menurunnya pertumbuhan, perkembangan motorik terlambat, terhambatnya pertumbuhan mental, penurunan intelegensi anak, penurunan kualitas sumber daya manusia

dan produktivitas. <nak stunting umur = " tahun mempunyai risiko mengalami morbiditas dan obesitas lebih tinggi. )engan rendahnya keadaan ekonomi, pola asuh, pola makan,asupan :at gi:i dalam kurun waktu yang lama menyebabkan tingginya prevalensi stunting pada balita. 3asil riskesdas "##$ prevalensi stunting propinsi %usa !enggara !imur sebesar &',$( dan prevalensi di >abupaten !imor !engah *tara sebesar +,,'( dan di >ecamatan Biboki *tara " tahun berturut-turut adalah '&,'( dan '#,"(. !u.uan : untuk mengetahui hubungan riwayat pola asuh, pola makan, asupan :at gi:i terhadap ke.adian stunting pada anak usia "& +, bulan di >ecamatan Biboki *tara >abupaten !imor !engah *tara Propinsi %!!. /etode : .enis penelitian studi observasional dengan rancangan 9ase control dengan alat ukurnya menggunakan kuesioner untuk megetahui riwayat pola asuh, pola makan dan asupan :at gi:i menggunakan recall "& .am. Penelitian dilakukan di >ecamatan Biboki *tara dengan .umlah sampel sebanyak 2+" yang terdiri dari $' anak sebagai kasus dan $' anak sebagai kontrol. 3asil : riwayat pola asuh kurang 6+4,,(8, pola makan 6++,,(8, asupan energi 6++,,(8, asupan protein 6+",'(8, asupan kalsium 6+",#(8, budaya 6'2,2(8, penyakit infeksi 6+2,4(8, ekonomi keluarga 6'2,5(8, ketahanan pangan 6$2,$(8, berdasarkan analisis bivariat yang dilakukan diperoleh variabel riwayat pola asuh, pola makan, asupan :at gi:i, budaya, penyakit infeksi, ekonomi keluarga memiliki hubungan yang signifikan 6p7#,#+8, ketahanan pangan tidak signifikan terhadap ke.adian stunting 6p?#,#+8. <nalisis multivariat diperoleh variabel riwayat pola asuh paling dominan berpengaruh terhadap ke.adian stunting. >esimpulan: terdapat hubungan yang bermakna pada variabel pola asuh, pola makan, asupan :at gi:i, budaya, ekonomi keluarga dan penyakit infeksi terhadap ke.adian stunting, tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna pada variabel ketahanan pangan terhadap ke.adian stunting. K'"' 0(#1 : pola asuh, pola makan, asupan :at gi:i , budaya, ekonomi, penyakit infeksi ketahanan pangan, stunting.