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  • Similarities N Differences Between Soap and Detergent

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    Both soap and detergent are cleansing agents that clean effectively in soft water by reducing surface tension and acting as emulsifying agents. However, soap forms scum when used in hard water due to precipitation reactions with calcium and magnesium ions that produce insoluble calcium and magnesium stearates; detergent does not form scum in hard water because its alkyl sulfate ion forms weak ionic bonds that dissolve in water when bonded to calcium or magnesium. Detergent is also biodegradable, effective in acidic water, and does not form precipitates like soap does.

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    Similarities n Differences Between Soap and Detergent

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    Both soap and detergent are cleansing agents that clean effectively in soft water by reducing surface tension and acting as emulsifying agents. However, soap forms scum when used in hard water due to precipitation reactions with calcium and magnesium ions that produce insoluble calcium and magnesium stearates; detergent does not form scum in hard water because its alkyl sulfate ion forms weak ionic bonds that dissolve in water when bonded to calcium or magnesium. Detergent is also biodegradable, effective in acidic water, and does not form precipitates like soap does.

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    11K Ansichten1 Seite

    Similarities N Differences Between Soap and Detergent

    Hochgeladen von

    zamzahana
    Both soap and detergent are cleansing agents that clean effectively in soft water by reducing surface tension and acting as emulsifying agents. However, soap forms scum when used in hard water due to precipitation reactions with calcium and magnesium ions that produce insoluble calcium and magnesium stearates; detergent does not form scum in hard water because its alkyl sulfate ion forms weak ionic bonds that dissolve in water when bonded to calcium or magnesium. Detergent is also biodegradable, effective in acidic water, and does not form precipitates like soap does.

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    SIMILARITIES BETWEEN SOAP AND DETERGENT. Both are cleansing agents.

    ents. Molecules with hydrocarbon chain (hydrophilic) and (hydrophobic). Clean effectively in soft water. Reduce the surface tension of water.(act as wetting agent) Act as emulsifying agent. Soap Differences Molecular structure Yes No No No Form scum in hard water. Scum consist of magnesium stearate and calcium stearate. Mg2+ + 2C17H35COO- (C17H35COO-)2Mg
    Stearate ion (soap ion) Magnesium stearate(scum)

    Detergent

    Biodegradable Cause pollution Effective in acidic water Effective in hard water

    No Yes Yes Yes Do not form scum in hard water. 2R-O-SO3- + Mg2+ (R-O-SO3)2Mg

    Ca2+ + 2C17H35COO- (C17H35COO-)2Ca


    Stearate ion (soap ion) Calcium stearate (scum)

    Formation of scum in hard water

    Alkyl sulphate ion (detergent)

    Magnesium alkyl sulphate (dissolves in water because Ionic bond between head and Mg is very weak)

    Made from natural resources (animal fats or vegetable oils) Form precipitate in acidic water

    Sources Formation of precipitate

    Made from synthetic resources (petroleum fractions) Do not form precipitate in acidic water

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