Chapter 10

Sinusoidal Steady-State Analysis

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Introduction
Circuit analysis on Nodal, Mesh,
Superposition, Source Transformation,
Thevenin and Norton.
Approaches used are similar to the steps
involved as in chapter 3 and 4.
The only new thing introduced is, in ac we
are dealing with complex numbers.
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Introduction
Steps to analyze ac circuits:
Transform the circuit to phasor/frequency domain.
Not necessary if the problem already in the
phasor/frequency domain.

Solve the problem using circuit analysis techniques
(i.e. nodal, mesh, superposition, e.t.c.).
Perform the analysis in the same manner as dc circuit
analysis, except that complex numbers are involved.

Transform the resulting phasor to time domain.
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Circuit Analysis
Nodal Analysis:
The basis is based on KCL.

Mesh Analysis:
The basis is based on KVL.

Since KCL and KVL is valid for phasors,
AC circuits can be analyzed by nodal
and mesh analysis.
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Superposition Theorem
Applies to ac circuits the same way as
in dc.

Extra caution when the sources are
operating at different frequencies.
Different frequency domain for each
frequency.

Total response must be obtained by
adding the individual responses in the
time domain.
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Source Transformation

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Thevenin and Norton Equivalent
Circuits
Analysis are applied
similarly to dc.
V
Th
=Z
N
I
N
; Z
Th
=Z
N

V
Th
=open cct voltage.
I
N
=short cct current

If the circuit has
sources operating at
different frequencies,
the Thevenin and
Norton equivalent
circuit must be
determined at each
frequency domain.
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Nodal Analysis
Example 1: (PP 10.2)
Calculate V
1
and V
2
in the circuit.

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Mesh Analysis
Example 2:
Find I
0
using mesh analysis.

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Superposition Theorem
Example 3: (PP10.6)
Calculate v
0
in the circuit using superposition.

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Source Transformation
Example 4: (pp 10.7)
Find I
0
using source transformation
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Thevenin and Norton Equivalent
Circuits
Example 5: (pp10.8)
Find V
Th
and Z
Th