Miles of Smile / Orthodontic Courses by Indian Dental Academy

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A CENTURY OF SMILES
OR
A CENTURY OF PROFILES

INDIAN DENTAL ACADEMY

Leader in continuing dental education
www.indiandentalacademy.com

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ORTHODONTIST MUST WORK WITH 2 DYNAMICS

1. SOFT TISSUE REPOSE & ANIMATION ASSESED
AT THE PATIENTS EXAMINATION

2. FACIAL CHANGES OCCUR THROUGHOUT THE
LIFETIME: -

MATURATION
AGING

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RECORDS NEEDED

1. STATIC
2. DYNAMIC
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STATIC RECORDS

1.FRONTAL AT - REST
SMILE
SMILE CLOSEUP
2. PROFILE AT REST
SMILE
3. OBLIQUE SMILE
4.OBLIQUE SMILE CLOSEUP
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VIDEO CLIPS ARE TAKEN IN
STANDARDIZED FASHION AT A
FIXED DISTANCE FROM OBJECT IN
FRONTAL AND OBLIQUE VIEW.

PATIENTS HEAD IS POSITIONED
IN NHP.
VIDEO CLIPS ARE TAKEN BEFORE
AND AFTER TREATMENT.
PATIENT IS ASKED TO SAY

CHELSEA EATS CHEESECAKE ON
THE CHESAPEAKE

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DYNAMIC RECORDING

DIGITAL VIDEOGRAPHY TO
RECORD SPEECH AND SMILE.

DIGITAL VIDEO YIELDS 30
FRAMES PER SECOND.
5 SECOND VIDEO CLIP IS TAKEN,
YIELDING 150 FRAMES.
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FRAME THAT BEST REPRESENTS THE
PATIENTS NATURAL UNSTRAINED SOCIAL
SMILE IS TAKEN
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ANATOMY OF THE SMILE

The upper and lower lips frame the display
zone of the smile. Within this framework, the
components of the smile are the teeth and the
gingival scaffold.

9 www.indiandentalacademy.com
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The inner commisure is formed by the mucosa
overlying the buccinator muscle where it
inserts with the orbicularis oris muscle
fibers at the modiolus.

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When a video is taken with ambient
light only, the buccal corridor often appears
much more pronounced than when supplemental
light is added. Thus, what has been
called negative space is often not space at all,
but just an illusion.

(JCO 2000 ACKERMAN &ACKERMAN )
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EFFECT OF LIGHTING DURING
PHOTOGRAPHY
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SMILE CLASSIFICATION-

SOCIAL SMILE voluntary

ENJOYMENT SMILE - involuntary
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SOCIAL SMILE
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ENJOYMENT SMILE
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RUBINS CLASIIFICATION
OF SMILE STYLE:

1. COMMISURE (MONALISA) SMILE
2. CUSPID SMILE
3. COMPEX SMILE

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CUSPID SMILE
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COMPLEX SMILE
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MONALISA SMILE
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A. CUSPID SMILE
B. COMPLEX SMILE
C. MONALISA SMILE
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TRADITIONALLY SMILE ANALYSIS WAS
PERFORMED IN 1 VIEW FRONTAL VIEW.

SMILE ANALYSIS NOW INCLUDES
4 DIMENSIONS

1. FRONTAL
2.SAGITAL
3.OBLIQUE
4.TIME
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INTERCOMMISURE WIDTH
SMILE INDEX = ------------------------------------
INTERLABIAL GAP
FRONTAL DIMENSION
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SMILE INDEX IS USED FOR
QUANTIFYING SMILE.
HELPFUL FOR COMPARING SMILE
AMONG DIFFERENT PATIENTS OR
ACROSS TIME IN SAME PATIENT
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FRONTALLY SMILE CAN BE VISUALIZED IN 2
DIMENSION VERTICAL & TRANSVERSE

1. VERTICAL CHARACTERSTICS-
A) INCISOR DISPLAY
B) GINGIVAL DISPLAY
C) SMILE ARC
D) RELATION BETWEEN GINGIVAL MARGINS OF
MAXILLARY INCISORS AND UPPER LIP.
2. TRANSVERSE CHARACTERSTICS
A) ARCH FORM
B) BUCCAL CORRIDOR
C) TRANSVERSE CANT OF MAXILLARY O.P.

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LESS THAN 75% OF CENTRAL INCISOR
CROWN DISPLAY DURING SMILE IS
CONSIDERED INADEQUATE.

CAUSES :
1. VERTCAL MAX DEFICIENCY
2. A LARGE SMILE INDEX
3. SHORT CLINICAL CROWN HEIGHT
A) INADEQUATE ERUPTION
B) GINGIVAL ENCROACHMENT
C) DUE TO ATTRITION

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TRANSVERSE CHARACTERSTIC OF SMILE IN
FRONTAL DIMENSION :

1. ARCH FORM
2. BUCCAL CORRIDOR
3. TRANSVERSE CANT OF MAXILLARY
OCCLUSAL PLANE

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ARCH FORM
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ARCH EXPANSION FILLS OUT THE
TRANSVERSE DIMENSION OF SMILE IN
COLLAPSED ARCH FORM.

RESULTING UNDESIREABLE SIDE EFFECTS :

1. BUCCAL CORRIDOR CAN BE OBLITERATED
2. THE SMILE ARC MAY BE FLATTENED, WHEN
ANTERIOR SWEEP OF THE MAXILLARY ARCH
IS BROADENED.
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BUCCAL CORRIDOR : FRUSH AND FISHER ,
PROSTHODONTISTS, COINED THIS TERM.

TRANSVERSE SMILE IS FUNCTION OF
BOTH ARCH WIDTH AND A-P POSITION
OF MAXILLARY ARCH.

MEASURED FROM THE MESIAL LINE
ANGLE OF THE MAXILLARY 1
ST

PREMOLARS TO INTERIOR COMMISURE
OF THE LIPS.

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PRESENCE OF EXCESSIVE
NEGATIVE SPACE
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ADEQUATE BUCCAL CORRIDOR
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TRANSVERSE CANT OF MAXILLARY OCCLUSAL
PLANE
ETIOLOGY :

1. DIFFERENTIAL ERUPTION &PLACEMENT OF
ANTERIOR ANTERIOR TEETH.
2. SKELETAL ASYMMETRY OF MANDIBLE

SMILE ASYMMETRY CAN ALSO OCCUR DUE
TO ASYMMETRIC SMILE CURTAIN
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OBLIQUE DIMENSION

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SMILE ARC
CANT OF THE OCCLUSAL PLANE

SMILE ARC IS DEFINED ASTHE
RELATIONSHIP OF THE CURVE FORMED BY
THE INCISAL EDGES OF THE MAXILLARY
ANTERIOR TEETH, PREMOLARS AND
MOLARS TO THE CURVATURE OF LOWER
LIP. (NEW DEFN)

Factors that contribute to the appearance
of the smile arc are the sagittal cant of the
maxillary occlusal plane and the archform.

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CONSONANT SMILE ARC
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NONCONSONANT SMILE ARC
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FLATTENING OF THE SMILE ARC
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1.Normal orthodontic alignment of the maxillary
and mandibular arches may result in a loss of
the curvature of the maxillary incisors relative
to
the lower lip curvature.

2.. Maxillary intrusion arches or maxillary
archwires with accentuated curve could
result in a flattening of the smile arc.

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SMILE ARC FLATTENING DURING
INTRUSION OF UPPER INCISORS
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The subjects inherent growth pattern may
also be at fault. The studies of smile arc
flattening have shown that, while treated
patients did have a higher rate of smile arc
flattening, 5% of the untreated population
also experienced smile arc flattening.
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More vertical growth in the posterior maxilla than in the
anterior maxilla could result in a changed relationship
Between the occlusal plane and the curvature of the
lower lip upon smile. In this type of patient, high-pull
headgear keeps the maxillary posterior teeth superior
to the incisors and is therefore an aid in maintaining
or improving the smile arc.

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Habits
Habits may also be an etiologic factor. The
reduction
in anterior vertical dentoalveolar development
secondary to thumb sucking is the most obvious
example.

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SAGITTAL DIMENSION

1. OVERJET
2. INCISOR ANGULATION

EXCESSIVE POSITIVE OVERJET IS
READILY PERCEIVED IN SAGITTAL
DIMENSION

UPRIGHT MAXILLARY INCISORS
TEND TO INCREASE THE INCISOR
DISPLAY

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INCISOR PROCLINATION & VERTCAL
INCISOR DISPLAY
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TRANSVERSE EFFECT

SAGITTAL POSITION OF MAXILLA GREATLY
INFLUENCES THE SMILE IN FRONTAL VIEW
EVEN IN THE TERMS OF TRANSVERSE SMILE
DIMENSION
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TIME
GROWTH
MATURATION
AGING

EFECTS :

1.LENGTHNING OF PHILTRUM AND COMMISURE
HEIGHT.
2. DECREASE IN TURGOR
3. DECREASE IN INCISOR DISPLAY AT REST
4.DECREASE IN INCISAL AND GINGIVAL
DISPLAY DURING SMILE
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BRACKET POSITIONING

1. TO PRESERVE THE POSITIVE SMILE
CHARACTERSTICS.

2. TO IMPROVE THE SMILE

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Thank you

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