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:;>=1%$? If tiisecteu, which piece of a planaiian will iegeneiate fiist.

@A:>5@%2<2? If tiisecteu, then the miu section will iegeneiate fiist.

5@%>;A?

Planeiia aie flatwoims that iepiouuce sexually. Planeiia aie
B*CD'EBC,F)(*G, which means that they contain both H,-'FG anu lay eggs.
Planeiia come togethei anu exchange speim anu egg when conuitions aie iueal.
0nce they have uone this, they each go off on theii own anu lay theii own egg. This
cieates moie H*-*(). F)I*CG)(J thioughout the planeiia population.
Along with sexual iepiouuction, Planeiia can also iepiouuce 'G*KL'MMJ when
conuitions aie less then iueal. They can uo this by (')M FC,EE)-H anu NC'HD*-('(),-.
The ceilia on the bottom of the Planeiia cause it to cling on to iocks, anu it is veiy
common foi the posteiioi to continue to cling on to the iock even when the iest of
the bouy has left. This is tail uiopping. Because Planeiia aie neoblasts, the posteiioi
is then able to iecieate the miu section anu the anteiioi cieating a .M,-* of the fiist
woim. Similai to this is fiagmentation. Fiagmentation is when the bouy is sepaiateu
into uiffeient pieces. Each piece is able to iepiouuce the iest of the bouy to make a
new woim. As it states eailiei, the new woim oi woims aie clones of the fiist woim.
This is because the fiagment iecieates the genes that weie once theie.
Planeiia iepiouuce asexually by iegeneiation. Buiing iegeneiation a clustei
of (,()E,(*-( stem cells oi -*,OM'G(G calleu OM'G(*D' will iush to the sight of the
injuiy anu await the signal to become the new paits of the woim. Because the cells
aie totipotent they can become any kinu of cell that is neeueu which is what makes
the woim iepiouuce the anteiioi, miu-section, anu posteiioi. When a woim
iepiouuces asexually, iegeneiation is how the iepiouuce the missing paits to cieate
new woims. I pieuicteu that the miu-section woulu iegeneiate fiist because moie
neoblasts woulu be attiacteu to the injuiies making the piocess fastei.

>OG*CI'(),-G?

Donick, Katelyn Thursday, May 8, 2014 3:52:51 PM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:c7:91





0,-.MLG),-?

In this lab we tiisecteu a planeiia to see which section woulu iegeneiate fiist.
I hypothesizeu that the miu-section woulu iepiouuce the missing sections fiist. Ny
uata shows that by uay 9 the miu-section hau iegeneiateu the most. The miu-section
hau the least amount of ghost cells piesent at the sight of the injuiy anu hau the
most pigmentation. It incluueu a full giown posteiioi anu anteiioi. The uata shows
that S4% of the miu-sections iegeneiateu fiist in oui class, anu 49% of the miu-
sections in the giaue iegeneiateu fiist. In conclusion, planeiia will iegeneiate when
tiisecteu anu the miu-section will iegeneiate fiist.


#-'MJG)G?

Aftei testing my hypothesis my iesults seem to be valiu because the majoiity
of oui classmates got the same iesult. Ny paitnei anu I weie able to cut pietty equal
pieces making oui lab iesults moie ieliable. Ny paitnei anu I believe that oui
iesults aie coiiect. I iealize that othei people might have gotten uiffeient answeis.
This may have been because some gioups might have cut theii pieces
uispiopoitionally. This woulu have causeu the biggei piece to iegeneiate fastei
because it hau less to iepiouuce. Next time the same peison shoulu tiisect the
Planeiia to make it moie accuiate. Anothei issue was that the Planeiia weie uifficult
2S%
S4%
2S%
S7%
49%
14%
u%
1u%
2u%
Su%
4u%
Su%
6u%
Anteiioi Niu-section Posteiioi
P
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C
G
(

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*
H
*
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*
C
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,
-

8Q96 ;*H*-*C'(),- +'('
Siu Peiiou
7th uiaue
Donick, Katelyn Thursday, May 8, 2014 3:52:51 PM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:c7:91
to sketch because they kept squiiming out of the light. To fix this issue we shoulu
use smallei containeis.
Although neoblasts in planaiian aie veiy similai to human stem cells, they
aie not exactly alike. A stem cell in geneial is an unuiffeientiateu cell in a
multicellulai oiganism that can ieplace ueau, woin, oi uamageu cells. A stem cell
can be totipotent meaning that it has the ability to be any type of cell, pluiipotent
meaning that it has the ability to be most uiffeient types of cells, anu multipotent
meaning that they have the ability to be many uiffeient types of cells. Planaiian
neoblasts aie clusteis pluiipotent cells that aie meant to iegeneiate the bouy paits
that have been eithei cut off oi uioppeu, which is known as fiagmentation. 0nlike
neoblasts, human stem cells can be totipotent, pluiipotent, oi multipotent while
neoblasts can only be pluiipotent. Neoblasts in planaiian can iegeneiate the entiie
uigestive system, iepiouuction system, oi excitatoiy system. In the same way,
human stem cells function similaily: they can iegeneiate ueau, woin, oi uamageu
cells in all paits of the bouy.

Although theie has been much contioveisy ovei stem cell ieseaich, the
uebate seems to be uying uown because of iecent ieseaich. 0ne example of this was
in 2uu6 when scientists weie able to stimulate stem cells to act like human
embiyonic stem cells oi hES. This new uiscoveiy leaus to the beginning of stem cell
theiapy. While the contioveisy is uying uown, it is not completely ovei. Some
expeits woulu like to continue to stuuy all stem cell types because they aie not suie
which ones woulu be most useful foi cell ieplacement. This is because although iPS
anu STAP aie similai to hES cells, they aie not the same. hES cells still pioviue
impoitant contiols, anu aie able to piefoim these tasks bettei than the ieplacement
iPS anu STAP cells.




















Donick, Katelyn Thursday, May 8, 2014 3:52:51 PM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:c7:91
BIBLI0uRAPBY:



"What Are Stem Cells? - Craig A. Kohn." YouTube. YouTube, 10 Sept. 2013. Web. 08
May 2014.


"Human Embryonic Stem Cells." Human Embryonic Stem Cells. N.p., n.d. Web. 08 May
2014.


"Learn.Genetics.utah.edu." Learn.Genetics.utah.edu. N.p., n.d. Web. 06 May 2014.



Donick, Katelyn Thursday, May 8, 2014 3:52:51 PM Pacic Daylight Time 70:56:81:af:c7:91