Jake Nordstrom

Math 1
November 1, 2013
Chapter 3 Summary

Chapter 3 Multi-Step Equations and Inequalities

Distributive Property: The Distributive Property is where you multiply two (or
more) numbers inside parenthesis to make the equation easier to do and break it
down. For example, if your equation were three times forty-five, 4(45), you would
multiply 40 by three, and then 5 by three. After working through the problem, you
would get 135.
For Example
3(45)= 3(40) + 3(5)
120 + 15
135

Associative Property of Adding/Multiplication: The associative property allows
you to take something in parenthesis, and replace it with something else in the
equation. The only difference between adding and multiplying is that they either
have addition, or multiplication. The associative property allows you to take
numbers inside of parenthesize and put the other number in the equation inside. So
say that you have 25 (7 4). If you use the associative property, you could change
the problem to 7 (25 4). This makes it easier to multiply (25 4), so that you can
do it in your head more easily. After doing all the work, you get 700.

For Example
25 (7 4)



7 (25 4)
7 100
700

Commutative Property of Addition/Multiplication: The commutative property
allows you to reverse the problem, but it will still be the same equation. For
example, if you have half of the equation 3 + 4x, then you would use the
commutative property to reverse it. So if you had 3 + 4x, then the other side would
be 4x + 3. So your equation would be 3 + 4x = 4x + 3.

For Example
3 + 4x
4x + 3


3 + 4x = 4x + 3
Jake Nordstrom
Math 1
November 1, 2013
Chapter 3 Summary

Simplifying and Solving

To simplify, the only two steps you need to do is:
1. Combine Like Term
2. Add or subtract
So say that your equation is 4(7x 3) + 2x

The first thing that you would do is use the Distributive Property.
So 4 7x = 28x, and 4 3 = 12.
Your new equation is now 28x 12 + 2x.
Now you combine your like terms.
28x + 2x = 30x.
Your final simplified equation is now 30x + 12.

If you are trying to solve the equation 5x + x 1 = 11 , you need to know how to
6 3 2 1
make common denominators.

So all the denominators go into the number 6. If you take the denominator and
divide 6 by it, you get a number. When you get that number, you then multiply the
numerator. So for the first one, 6 divided by 6 = 1. 1 x 5x = 5x. So you would change
the first fraction to 5x. After changing all of them, the new equation is:

5x + 2x 3 = 66


7x 3 = 66


7x = 63

x = 9










Jake Nordstrom
Math 1
November 1, 2013
Chapter 3 Summary



Graphing

If you have to equation 2 < x
5
you first do what you would normally do. You do 5 x 2.
This gets you 10 < x. To graph this, you would put



0 10
If you have the equation -4x + 4 > -8, you need to graph it.
First you simplify.

-4x + 4 > -8


-4x < -12
The reason you switch the sign is because if you didnt, it would be No Solution.

To graph it, you must draw a line, a 0, and the number on the other sign of the
variable.
Example:


-12 0
If the sign is either < or >, then you draw an open circle around the number, like this.





If it is < or >, then it is closed, like this.





Then, whichever way the < or > is pointing, is the way you draw an arrow.

Example:


Jake Nordstrom
Math 1
November 1, 2013
Chapter 3 Summary




-12 0
The Circles

There are two different kinds of circles, open and closed.







Open Closed

You use open when the number isnt part of the Solution Set (< or >)
You use closed when the number is part of the Solution Set (< or >)





















Word Problems



Jake Nordstrom
Math 1
November 1, 2013
Chapter 3 Summary


1. $160 = $12x

160/12 =13.3

Answer = At least 14 weeks


2. 25/3 > b


25/3 = 8.3

Answer = 8.3 > b


3. 1 - 36 > 22
3n

36
+22
58

1 > 58
3n

3 x 58 = 174
1 1 1

Answer = n = 174